WO2019056945A1 - 一种内燃机油气分离装置 - Google Patents

一种内燃机油气分离装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056945A1
WO2019056945A1 PCT/CN2018/104123 CN2018104123W WO2019056945A1 WO 2019056945 A1 WO2019056945 A1 WO 2019056945A1 CN 2018104123 W CN2018104123 W CN 2018104123W WO 2019056945 A1 WO2019056945 A1 WO 2019056945A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
cavity
gas
combustion engine
internal combustion
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PCT/CN2018/104123
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁彬
王玺
Original Assignee
重庆宗申通用动力机械有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 重庆宗申通用动力机械有限公司 filed Critical 重庆宗申通用动力机械有限公司
Priority to EP18859300.8A priority Critical patent/EP3597877B1/en
Priority to US16/604,162 priority patent/US11143068B2/en
Priority to PL18859300T priority patent/PL3597877T3/pl
Priority to ES18859300T priority patent/ES2910980T3/es
Publication of WO2019056945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019056945A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M13/0405—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil arranged in covering members apertures, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/0011—Breather valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/0011—Breather valves
    • F01M2013/0016—Breather valves with a membrane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0433—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a deflection device, e.g. screen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0461—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a labyrinth

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil and gas separation device, and more particularly to a separation device for an internal combustion engine.
  • the oil is delivered to the moving parts of the internal combustion engine, and the moving parts are lubricated and cooled to ensure the normal operation of the internal parts of the internal combustion engine.
  • the oil will gradually evaporate to form an oil and gas mixture due to pressure changes, high temperature, heat dissipation, etc.
  • the oil and gas mixture generated by pressure and temperature changes directly communicates with the outside through the breathing valve on the internal combustion engine, and as the working time increases The oil consumption is relatively large, which seriously affects the performance and life of the whole machine.
  • the oil and gas separation structure is added to the gas outlet, and the separated liquid oil is returned to the internal combustion engine body to lubricate the moving parts, so that the separated gas enters the air filter to realize the recycling of the oil and gas, thereby reducing the oil loss.
  • a cylinder head cover is disclosed in the Chinese patent CN206190416U, and a cylinder head cover body is specifically disclosed.
  • the inner cavity of the cylinder head cover body is horizontally disposed to divide the inner surface of the cylinder head cover into an upper chamber and a lower chamber.
  • a breathing valve partition on which a breathing valve for connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber is disposed, and the cylinder head body is provided with an air outlet communicating with the upper chamber
  • a labyrinth mechanism is disposed in the upper chamber
  • a lower oil baffle plate connected to the breathing valve partition is horizontally disposed in the lower chamber and below the breathing valve partition, and the outer edge of the lower oil deflector and the cylinder head cover body
  • the inner wall has a gap, and an oil return hole is provided on the breathing valve partition and at the lowest position of the breathing valve partition.
  • the cylinder head cover adopting the above patent is limited by the working condition of the internal combustion engine, and the worse the working condition, the worse the effect of oil and gas separation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an oil and gas separation device capable of effectively and quickly performing oil and gas separation under conditions in which working conditions are severe and can be effectively and quickly performed.
  • an internal combustion engine oil and gas separation device comprising a chamber 1 , a cavity 2 and a cavity 3 disposed in sequence from bottom to top, the cavity 1 and the cavity 2
  • the cavity 2 communicates with the cavity 3 through the gas passage 2
  • the cavity 3 communicates with the air outlet pipe, wherein the bottom of the cavity is in communication with the internal combustion engine body and
  • a lower oil baffle is disposed between the bottom of the cavity and the body of the internal combustion engine, and the lower oil baffle longitudinally covers the gas passage 1.
  • the oil-gas separation device set by the above method can effectively realize oil and gas separation for a long time, so that the oil in the oil and gas mixture generated in the internal combustion engine can quickly return to the internal combustion engine body, and the separated gas enters the air filter through the air outlet pipe to prevent environmental pollution. .
  • the separation effect is good, and the oil and gas separation can be effectively and quickly achieved even under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and vibration.
  • the lower oil baffle is a ring disposed along a bottom of the cavity, and the outer edge of the annular lower baffle is connected with the casing of the oil and gas separation device, and the lower oil baffle The inner edge forms an air inlet for the cavity one.
  • the lower oil baffle is divided into an outer ring and an inner ring from the outside to the inner, the outer ring is flat and covers the gas passage one, and the inner ring faces the internal combustion engine.
  • the lower cone of the body By adopting the above arrangement, not only can the adhesion area of the mixture be increased, the effect of oil and gas separation can be improved, and the separated oil can be quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body to participate in lubrication.
  • the chamber 1 , the cavity 2 and the cavity 3 are longitudinally disposed along the housing of the separating device, and the cavity is composed of the inner wall of the cover and the lower oil retaining plate.
  • the outer wall of the cover, the upper oil baffle disposed above the cover and the inner wall of the casing are formed by the upper baffle and the inner wall of the casing.
  • the gap between the cover body and the housing and the lower oil baffle forms the gas passage 1; the breathing valve hole of the breathing valve device disposed on the upper oil retaining plate is Gas passage two.
  • the gas passage to the gas passage 2 form a "stepped" gas path, which greatly increases the gas path and has a large gas attachment area, thereby further improving the separation effect of the mixed oil and gas.
  • the cover has inclined side walls which are inclined outwardly from the top surface of the cover body toward the body of the internal combustion engine. According to the above arrangement, most of the oil in the oil and gas mixture adheres to the inclined outer wall of the cover body, accumulates and forms oil droplets, flows along the inclined outer side wall, and returns to the internal combustion engine body through the gas passage.
  • valve hole of the breathing valve device is opposite to the top surface of the cover body, and a tilting oil guiding groove opposite to the valve hole is disposed on the top surface of the cover body.
  • a labyrinth structure is disposed in the cavity 3, and the labyrinth structure is composed of at least one stopper disposed laterally between the breathing valve hole and the air outlet pipe.
  • the labyrinth structure includes a lateral baffle disposed near the breathing valve hole and a lateral baffle 2 disposed near the air outlet pipe, the transverse baffle 1 and the lateral baffle 2 One end is connected to the housing wall, and the other end is separated from the housing wall to form an opening, and the lateral baffle is opposite to the opening direction of the lateral baffle 2, and is disposed on one side or both sides of the lateral baffle There is an oil return hole communicating with the cavity. Through the gas return hole, the oil droplets adhering to the cavity 3 will flow into the cavity through the oil return hole and further flow back to the cavity through the inclined outer wall of the cover body of the cavity 2, and finally flow back into the internal combustion engine body.
  • the gas outlet pipe is provided with a lateral baffle 2 opposite to the intake end of the gas outlet pipe, an opening formed in the lateral baffle plate 2 and the casing wall, and the inlet pipe
  • a longitudinal baffle is disposed between the air ports
  • a gas injection hole is formed between the longitudinal baffle and the lateral baffle 2
  • a lateral baffle 2 is disposed on the other side of the air inlet of the air outlet pipe.
  • Gas return hole By adopting the above arrangement, the gas can continuously circulate in the labyrinth, continuously adhering the gas, increasing the running path of the gas, and ensuring complete separation of the oil and gas.
  • the oil and gas separation device of the internal combustion engine of the present invention can completely separate the oil and gas mixture in the internal combustion engine body, and causes the oil to flow back into the internal combustion engine body to continue working, and the exhaust gas flows into the air filter through the air outlet pipe for processing.
  • the oil and gas separation device of the internal combustion engine of the invention has good separation effect, can ensure that no oil droplets flow out during 200-500 working hours, avoids loss of oil, and ensures sufficient oil in the internal combustion engine to ensure various components in the internal combustion engine. Lubrication effect.
  • the oil-gas separation device of the present invention can achieve effective separation of the oil mixture even under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and vibration, and can still achieve the above separation effect.
  • Figure 1 is an external view of the body of the internal combustion engine
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the oil and gas separation device of the internal combustion engine
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1, showing the oil and gas passage and the gas passage;
  • Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 3, showing the movement trend of the cavity-oil mixture
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1, showing the movement trend of the cavity two oil and gas mixture;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 3, showing a trend diagram of the three-gas mixture of the cavity.
  • an oil-gas separation device for an internal combustion engine includes a cavity 10, a cavity 2, and a cavity 3, which are sequentially disposed in the longitudinal direction, and the cavity 10 and the cavity 2 11 is communicated through the gas passage 13 , the cavity 2 and the cavity 3 are communicated through the gas passage 2 , and the air chamber 6 is connected to the cavity 3 , and the bottom of the cavity 10 and the internal combustion engine
  • the body 5 is in communication with a lower oil baffle 4 disposed between the bottom of the cavity body 10 and the internal combustion engine body 5 , and the lower oil baffle 4 longitudinally covers the gas passage 13 .
  • the cavity body 10, the cavity body 11 and the cavity body 12 are sequentially disposed in the longitudinal direction, that is, from bottom to top. In this way, the oil and gas mixture can be easily discharged from the cavity 10 through the cavity 2 and the cavity 3 12 from the air outlet pipe; it is more convenient for the oil to return to the internal combustion engine body 5 under the action of gravity.
  • the cavity may be formed by various members, such as a box body, a cover body, a sheet metal member or the like.
  • the oil baffle 4 by disposing the oil baffle 4 at the bottom of the cavity 10 and blocking the gas passage 13 through the lower baffle 4, the oil and gas mixture cannot be directly used by the gas passage 13 during the separation process. The flow into the cavity 2 and then out of the cavity 3 12 out of the gas pipe 6 to avoid the loss of oil.
  • the body 5 is lubricated, so that most of the oil in the chamber 10 is separated and quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body 5 for lubrication, and only a small amount of intensely moving oil passes through the gas passage 13 into the passage 21, to this point. , to achieve a first-class oil and gas separation.
  • the oil and gas mixture entering the chamber 2 has only a small amount of oil, and when the chamber 2 enters the chamber 3, the oil and gas mixture will adhere to the chamber 2 when moving toward the gas passage 2
  • the cavity wall of the 11 is further flowed back into the internal combustion engine body 5 through the gas passage 13 under the action of gravity, and the secondary oil and gas separation is completed.
  • the oil and gas mixture entering the cavity 3 through the gas passage 2 14 contains only little or no oil, and the mixture is minimally discharged from the gas outlet 6 after entering the gas passage 2
  • the oil will adhere to the cavity wall of the cavity 3, separating the last oil in the oil and gas mixture, and finally causing the separated oil to flow into the internal combustion engine body 6 through the gas passage 2 and the gas passage 13 to be lubricated.
  • the separated exhaust gas flows into the air filter through the air outlet pipe 6 for processing. Finally, a three-stage oil and gas separation was achieved.
  • the oil-gas separation device of the internal combustion engine of the present embodiment can effectively realize oil and gas separation for a long time, so that the oil in the oil-gas mixture generated in the internal combustion engine can quickly return to the internal combustion engine body, and the separated gas enters the air filter through the air outlet pipe to prevent the environment. Pollution.
  • the separation effect is good, at least the inorganic oil flows out in the outlet pipe within 200 working hours, and the oil and gas separation can be effectively and quickly realized even under severe working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and vibration.
  • an oil-gas separation device for an internal combustion engine includes a cavity 10, a cavity 2, and a cavity 3, which are sequentially disposed in the longitudinal direction, and the cavity 10 and the cavity
  • the body 2 is communicated through the gas passage 13
  • the cavity 2 and the cavity 3 are communicated through the gas passage 2
  • the air chamber 6 is connected to the cavity 3
  • the cavity is 10
  • a lower oil baffle 4 is disposed in communication with the internal combustion engine body 5 and between the bottom of the cavity body 10 and the internal combustion engine body 5, and the lower oil baffle 4 longitudinally covers the gas passageway 1.
  • the cavity body 10, the cavity body 11 and the cavity body 12 are sequentially disposed in the longitudinal direction, that is, from bottom to top. In this way, the oil and gas mixture can be easily discharged from the cavity 10 through the cavity 2 and the cavity 3 12 from the air outlet pipe; it is more convenient for the oil to return to the internal combustion engine body 5 under the action of gravity.
  • the cavity may be formed by various members, such as a box body, a cover body, a sheet metal member or the like.
  • the cavity 10, the cavity 2, and the cavity 3 are longitudinally disposed along the housing 1 of the separating device.
  • An upper oil baffle 2 and a cover body 3 having an opening downward are disposed in the casing 1 from above to below, and the lower oil baffle 4 is disposed between the casing 1 and the internal combustion engine body 5, The lower edge of the casing 1 and the outer edge of the lower oil baffle 4 are locked together with the upper edge of the internal combustion engine body 5 (by any connection means such as welding, screwing, etc.).
  • the cavity body 10 is composed of an inner wall of the cover body 3 and the lower oil baffle plate 4, and the cavity body 11 is composed of an outer wall of the cover body 3 and an upper oil baffle plate 2 disposed above the cover body 3.
  • the cavity body 13 is composed of the upper oil baffle plate 2 and the side wall and the top wall of the casing 1.
  • a gap formed between the rim of the cover 3 and the housing 1 and the lower baffle 4 forms the gas passage 13; a breathing valve of the respiratory valve device disposed on the upper baffle 2
  • the holes are gas passages two 14.
  • the lower oil baffle 4 is a ring shape disposed along the bottom of the cover body 3, and the inner oil baffle 4 is formed with an air inlet of the cavity body 10, and the oil and gas mixture generated in the internal combustion engine body 5 passes through The air inlet enters the cavity 10 .
  • the lower oil baffle 4 is divided into an outer ring and an inner ring from the outside to the inner, the outer ring is flat and covers the gas passage 13 and the inner ring is a lower cone facing the body of the internal combustion engine Shape 4a.
  • the oil plate 4 is finally lubricated by the inner ring of the lower oil baffle 4 to the internal combustion engine body 5 for lubrication, so that most of the oil in the cavity 10 is separated and quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body for lubrication, and only a very small amount is intense.
  • the moving oil enters the channel 21 with the gas passing through the gas passage 13 and, at this point, a primary oil separation is achieved.
  • the lower thick arrow indicates the upward movement direction of the oil and gas mixture. When the oil and gas mixture moves upward, it will move downward when the top wall of the shell 3 is blocked (see the figure). arrow ), when the lower tapered shape 4a of the lower oil retaining plate 4 is blocked, it moves downward (see the arrow in the figure) with ).
  • the arrangement of the cover 3 and the arrangement of the lower baffle 4 prevent the oil and gas mixture from directly entering the cavity 21 from the gas passage 13 and increasing the path and attachment area of the oil and gas mixture, effectively separating the first stage oil and gas. During the process, most of the oil in the oil mixture is separated from the exhaust gas, and the oil is quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body 5 for lubrication by the taper setting of the inner ring.
  • the oil and gas mixture entering chamber 2 itself contains only a small amount of oil, and when the chamber 2 enters the chamber 3 12, the oil mixture bypasses the shell when the oil and gas mixture moves toward the gas passage 2
  • the side wall and the top wall are further connected to the cavity 3 by the gas passage 2, so that the traveling path of the oil and gas mixture in the cavity 21 is a "step" shape, which prolongs the walking path of the oil and gas mixture and
  • the adhesion area of the oil and gas mixture is increased, that is, the side wall and the top wall of the cover body, so that a small amount of oil in the oil and gas mixture in the cavity body 11 is attached to the side wall and the top wall of the cover body 3 in a large amount, thereby realizing two
  • the oil and gas are separated, and the oil adhered thereto is slid down from the side wall to the gas passage 13 and slides down to the lower oil baffle 4 through the gas passage 13 and finally falls to the internal combustion engine body 5 through the inner ring of the lower oil baffle 4 Lubricate inside.
  • the oil and gas mixture entering the cavity 3 through the gas passage 2 14 itself contains only little or no organic oil, and the mixture is rarely discharged by the gas passage 2 14 and flows out of the gas outlet 6
  • the oil will adhere to the cavity wall of the cavity 3, that is, attached to the inner wall of the casing 1 and the upper oil baffle 2, separating the last oil in the oil and gas mixture, and finally allowing the separated oil to pass through the gas passage.
  • the second 14 and the gas passage 13 flow into the internal combustion engine body for lubrication, and the separated exhaust gas flows into the air filter through the air outlet for processing. Finally, a three-stage oil and gas separation was achieved.
  • the cover body 3 has an inclined side wall 3b which is inclined outwardly from the top surface of the cover body 3 toward the internal combustion engine body 5, and both inside and outside are inclined, and The inclination of the side wall of the cover body is opposite to the inclination of the inner ring of the lower oil stop.
  • the second is that in the process of secondary oil and gas separation, the oil droplets condensed on the outer side wall and the outer top wall of the shell 3 can be quickly slid down through the inclined outer side wall. Reach the effect of fast separation.
  • the oil and gas mixture enters the cavity 10 from the air inlet of the cavity 10, and then enters the cavity 21 by the gas passage 13, and then the gas passage 2 14 enters into the cavity 3, and completes the first-stage oil separation, the secondary oil separation and the tertiary oil separation in the process, and can effectively separate the oil and the exhaust gas in the oil and gas mixture, and simultaneously separate the open
  • the oil is quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body 5 to be lubricated, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the air filter through the outlet pipe 6 provided on the cavity 3 to be processed.
  • the oil and gas separation can be realized effectively for a long time, so that the oil in the oil and gas mixture generated in the internal combustion engine is quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body, and the separated gas enters the air filter through the air outlet pipe to prevent environmental pollution.
  • the separation effect is good, at least the inorganic oil flows out in the outlet pipe within 400 working hours, and the oil and gas separation can be effectively and quickly realized even under severe working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and vibration.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, in the present embodiment, the gas passage two 14 is formed by a breathing valve device disposed on the upper oil deflector 2, and opposite to the breathing valve hole
  • the cover body 3 is provided with a slanted oil guiding groove 3a, and the remaining structure is in communication with the second embodiment.
  • the breathing valve device comprises a breathing valve hole disposed on the upper oil retaining plate, and the breathing valve plate 8 and the breathing valve baffle 7 locked on the top surface of the upper oil deflecting plate 2 by the rivet 9
  • the breathing valve plate 8 and the breathing valve flap 7 are opposed to the breathing valve hole.
  • the inclined oil guiding groove 3a is disposed opposite to the breathing valve hole from the top wall of the cover body 3 to the lower middle portion of the side wall.
  • the oil and gas mixture in the cavity 2 is moved upward through the breathing valve hole into the cavity 3 12, and is concentrated into the gas passage 2 14 and the valve being ventilated.
  • part of the oil will form oil droplets gathered at the gas passages 14 and slide down, and when it slides down to the inclined oil guiding groove 3a, it will slide down to the gas passages 13 by the inclined oil guiding grooves 3a and then slide down to the internal combustion engine body 5 Lubricate again in the middle.
  • the oil and gas separation effect and time of the oil and gas separation device are improved.
  • the oil-gas separation device of the embodiment improperly, the separated oil can be quickly returned to the internal combustion engine body for lubrication, and the separation effect is good, at least the inorganic oil flows out in the outlet pipe within 450 working hours, and even at a high temperature, Under severe conditions such as high pressure and vibration, oil and gas separation can be achieved efficiently and quickly.
  • Embodiment 4 As shown in FIG. 6, in the embodiment, a cavity structure is disposed in the cavity body 13, and the labyrinth structure is at least one laterally disposed between the breathing valve hole and the air outlet pipe. The block is formed. The rest of the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3.
  • the labyrinth structure in this embodiment is an S-type labyrinth structure, and is composed of a lateral baffle 16 disposed near the breathing valve hole and a lateral baffle plate 17 disposed near the air outlet pipe 6, the lateral baffle One end of the 16 and the transverse baffle plate 17 is connected to the casing wall, and the other end is spaced apart from the casing wall to form an opening, and the transverse baffle 16 and the lateral baffle plate 17 are opposite in the opening direction, in the lateral direction.
  • An oil return hole 15 communicating with the cavity body 11 is disposed on one side or both sides of the baffle plate 16. In the present embodiment, the oil return holes 15 are provided on the upper oil dam 2 on both sides of the lateral baffle 16.
  • the air inlet end of the air outlet tube is disposed opposite to the lateral baffle plate 17, and a longitudinal baffle 18 is disposed between the opening formed by the lateral baffle plate 17 and the housing wall and the air inlet of the air outlet pipe.
  • a gas injection hole is formed between the longitudinal baffle 18 and the lateral baffle plate 17, and a gas return hole 19 is disposed on the lateral baffle plate 17 on the other side of the air inlet of the air outlet pipe.
  • a rectangular cavity is formed between the lateral baffle plate 17, the longitudinal baffle 18 and the housing wall, and the air outlet pipe 6 is disposed on the casing adjacent to the longitudinal baffle 18,
  • the gas return hole 19 is disposed at a root portion of the lateral baffle plate 17 connected to the casing 1, that is, the gas injection hole and the gas return hole 19 are disposed on both sides of the intake pipe 6.
  • the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal baffle and the longitudinal direction of the cavity, the cavity 2 and the cavity 3 are not meant to be a longitudinal direction
  • the longitudinal direction disposed in the longitudinal direction refers to the longitudinal direction along the direction of gas movement, that is, the direction of gravity.
  • Longitudinal, and longitudinal baffles refer to longitudinal directions that are perpendicular or angular to the direction of the transverse baffle.
  • the oil-gas separation device of the present embodiment in the process of the three-stage oil-gas separation device, the oil-gas mixture enters the cavity body 13 through the gas passage 21 and flows into the gas outlet pipe through the breathing valve hole through the S-type labyrinth structure.
  • the few oil droplets separated therefrom are returned to the chamber body 11 through the oil return holes 15 provided on both sides of the transverse baffle 16, and are returned to the internal combustion engine body 5 by the inclined cover body wall for lubrication.
  • the gas passing through the S-type labyrinth structure will be sprayed when passing through the orifice formed by the transverse baffle two 17 and the longitudinal baffle 18, part of the exhaust gas enters the gas outlet pipe 6, and part of the exhaust gas is injected outside the gas outlet pipe and passes through the gas.
  • the return hole 19 flows into the S-type labyrinth structure and circulates again.
  • the oil and gas mixture in the internal combustion engine body can be completely separated, and the oil can be returned to the internal combustion engine body to continue working, and the exhaust gas flows into the air filter through the air outlet pipe for processing.
  • the oil-gas separation device of the internal combustion engine of the embodiment has good separation effect, can ensure that no oil droplets flow out within 2500 working hours, avoids loss of oil, and ensures sufficient oil in the internal combustion engine to ensure various components in the internal combustion engine. Lubrication effect.
  • the oil-gas separation device of the present embodiment can achieve effective separation of the oil mixture even under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and vibration, and can still achieve the above separation effect.

Abstract

一种内燃机油气分离装置，包括沿纵向依次设置的腔体一（10）、腔体二（11）和腔体三（12），腔体一（10）与腔体二（11）通过气体通道一（13）相通，腔体二（11）与腔体三（12）通过气体通道二（14）相通，腔体三（12）上连通有出气管（6），腔体一（11）底部与内燃机本体（5）相通且在腔体一（10）底部与内燃机本体（5）之间设置有下挡油板（4），下挡油板（4）纵向覆盖气体通道一（13）。采用该内燃机油气分离装置，能够提高油气分离的速度和效果。

Description

一种内燃机油气分离装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种油气分离装置，尤其涉及内燃机的尤其分离装置。
背景技术
内燃机工作过程中，机油输送到内燃机运动部件，对各运动部件进行润滑及降温，确保内燃机内部机件的正常运作。机油在内燃机的运行过程中因压力变化、高温、散热等原因会逐渐蒸发形成油气混合物，由于压力和温度变化产生的油气混合物通过内燃机上的呼吸阀直接与外界相通，随着工作时间的增加其机油消耗比较大，严重影响整机性能和寿命。为了提高产品的性能，在出气上增加油气分离结构，使分离出来的液态机油返回内燃机本体内对运动部件进行润滑，使分离出来的气体进入空滤器，实现油气的循环使用，从而减少了机油损耗。
在中国专利CN206190416U中公开了一种缸头盖，并具体公开了缸头盖本体，在所述缸头盖本体内腔水平设置有将缸头盖内腔分隔为上腔室和下腔室的呼吸阀隔板，在所述呼吸阀个隔板上设置有用于连通上腔室和下腔室的呼吸阀，在所述缸头盖本体上设置有与上腔室连通的出气嘴，在所述上腔室内设置有迷宫机构，在所述下腔室内且位于呼吸阀隔板下方水平设置有与呼吸阀隔板连接的下挡油板，所述下挡油板外沿与缸头盖本体内壁具有间隙，在所述呼吸阀隔板上且位于呼吸阀隔板最低位设置有回油孔。
采用上述专利中的缸头盖，虽然能够短暂降低发动机的机油油耗。但经试验，2-5小时以内其出气嘴就会有油流出。不能绝对的实现油气分离，造在成润滑油的浪费。
而且采用上述专利的缸头盖，受内燃机工况的限制，工况越恶劣，油气分离的效果越差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种在能够有效长时实现油气隔离，且在工况恶劣的条件下也能够有效且快速进行油气分离的油气分离装置。
为了实现上述目的，本发明是这样实现的：一种内燃机油气分离装置，包括沿由下至上依次设置的腔体一、腔体二和腔体三，所述腔体一与所述腔体二通过气体通道一相通，所述腔体二与所述腔体三通过气体通道二相通，所述腔体三上连通有出气管，其特征在于：所述腔体一底部与内燃机本体相通且在所述腔体一底部与所述内燃机本体之间设置有下挡油板，所述下挡油板纵向覆盖所述气体通道一。采用上述方式设置的油气分离装置，能够有效 长时地实现油气分离，使得内燃机内产生的油气混合物中的机油快速返回内燃机本体，而分离出来的气体通过出气管进入空滤器，防止对环境的污染。其分离效果好，并且即使在高温、高压、振动等恶劣工况下，也能够有效地且快速地实现油气分离。
为进一步提高油气分离的效果，所述下挡油板为沿所述腔体一底部设置的环形，所环形下挡油板外沿与油气分离装置的壳体相接，所述下挡油板内沿形成腔体一的进气口。
为进一步提高油气分离的速度，所述下挡油板由外至内分为外圈和内圈，所述外圈为平板状且覆盖所述气体通道一，所述内圈为朝向所述内燃机本体的下锥状。采用上述的设置方式，不但能增大尤其混合物的附着面积，提高油气分离的效果，还能使得分离出来的机油快速回到内燃机本体内参与润滑。
为进一步优化结构，所示腔体一、腔体二、腔体三沿分离装置的壳体纵向设置，所述腔体一由罩体内壁和所述下挡油板构成，所述腔体二由所述罩体外壁、设置在罩体上方的上挡油板和壳体内壁构成，所述腔体三由所述上挡油板和所述壳体内壁构成。采用上述设置方式，不但结构简单，而且使用效果好，成本低。
优选的，所述罩体边沿与所述壳体和所述下挡油板之间设置的间隙形成所述气体通道一；在所述上挡油板上设置的呼吸阀装置的呼吸阀孔为气体通道二。采用上述方式，使得所述气体通道一至气体通道二形成了“台阶形”气体路径，大大加大了气体路径，气体附着面积大，进一步提高混合油气的分离效果。
为进一步提高油气分离速度，所述罩体具有倾斜侧壁，所述侧壁由所述罩体顶面朝所述内燃机本体向外倾斜。采用上述设置方式，油气混合物中大部分机油附着在罩体倾斜外壁上，累积形成油滴后沿着倾斜外侧壁流动，通过气体通道一流回腔体一且进一步流回内燃机本体内。
为进一步提高油气分离效果，所述呼吸阀装置的阀孔与所述罩体顶面相对，且在所述罩体顶面设置有与所述阀孔相对的倾斜导油槽。采用上述设置方式避免了油滴朝内燃机运动方向向上运动通过气体通道二进入腔体三，同时累积的油滴沿着倾斜导油槽流动，通过气体通道一流回腔体一并进一步通过挡油板流回内燃机本体内。
为进一步提高油气分离效果，在所述腔体三内设置有迷宫结构，所述迷宫结构由所述呼吸阀孔至所述出气管之间横向设置的至少一个挡块构成。采用迷宫式设计，能够加大气体路径，增大气体附着面积。
为进一步提高油气分离效果，所述迷宫结构包括近所述呼吸阀孔处设置的横向挡板一和近所述出气管处设置的横向挡板二，所述横向挡板一与横向挡板二的一端与壳体壁连接， 另一端与壳体壁相离形成开口，且所述横向挡板一和横向挡板二的开口方向相反，在所述横向挡板一的一侧或两侧设置有与腔体二相通的回油孔。通过气体回油孔，附着在腔体三内的油滴会通过回油孔流入腔体二并通过腔体二的罩体的倾斜外壁进一步流回腔体一，最终流回内燃机本体内。
为进一步提高油气分离效果，近所述出气管设置有与所述出气管进气端相对的横向挡板二，在所述横向挡板二和壳体壁形成的开口与所述出气管的进气口之间设置有纵向挡板，所述纵向挡板与所述横向挡板二之间形成气体喷孔，在所述出气管的进气口的另一侧的横向挡板二上设置有气体回流孔。采用上述设置方式可使得气体不断在迷宫内进行内循环，不断地使得气体附着，增大气体的运行路径，保证油气完全分离。
有益效果：
采用本发明的内燃机的油气分离装置，能够使得内燃机本体内的油气混合物彻底分离，且使得机油流回内燃机本体内继续工作，而废气通过出气管流入空气过滤器进行处理。
且采用本发明的内燃机的油气分离装置，分离效果好，能够保证在200-500工作小时内无任何油滴流出，避免造成机油的损失，也保证了内燃机内机油的充足，保证内燃机内各部件的润滑效果。
另外，本发明的油气分离装置，即使在高温、高压、振动等恶劣工况下，依然能够实现对机油混合物的有效分离，依然能够到达上述分离效果。
附图说明：
图1为内燃机本体的外观图；
图2为内燃机油气分离装置的爆炸图；
图3为图1中A-A剖视图，为油气腔道和气体通道图；
图4为图3局部放大图，为腔体一油气混合物运动趋势图；
图5为图1中B-B剖视图，为腔体二油气混合物运动趋势图；
图6为图3中C-C剖视图，为腔体三油气混合物运动趋势图。
标号说明：1.壳体；2.上挡油板；3.罩体；4.下挡油板；5.内燃机本体；6.出气管；7.呼吸阀挡板；8.呼吸阀片；9.铆钉；3a.倾斜导油槽；3b.侧壁；4a.下锥状；10.腔体一；11.腔体二；12.腔体三；13.气体通道一；14.气体通道二；15.回油孔；16.横向挡板一一；17.横向挡板二；18.纵向挡板；19.气体回流孔。
具体实施方式：
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施 方式，任何在本实施例基本精神上的改进或代替，仍属于本发明权利要求所要求保护的范围。
实施例1：如图3所示，一种内燃机油气分离装置，包括沿纵向依次设置的腔体一10、腔体二11和腔体三12，所述腔体一10与所述腔体二11通过气体通道一13相通，所述腔体二11与所述腔体三12通过气体通道二14相通，所述腔体三12上连通有出气管6，所述腔体一10底部与内燃机本体5相通且在所述腔体一10底部与所述内燃机本体5之间设置有下挡油板4，所述下挡油板4纵向覆盖所述气体通道一13。
其中，所述腔体一10、腔体二11和腔体三12是沿纵向依次设置的，即由下至上地设置。这样便于油气混合物能够轻易地从腔体一10经腔体二11和腔体三12由出气管流出；更便于机油在重力的作用下返回内燃机本体5内。所述腔体可以通过各种构件构成，如箱体、罩体、钣金件等围合而成。
而本实施例中，通过在腔体一10底部设下挡油板4，且通过下挡油板4将气体通道一13遮挡，在分离过程中，油气混合物不能直接由所述气体通道一13流入腔体二11进而从腔体三12流出出气管6，避免造成机油的损失。
当油气混合物朝向油气分离装置运动时，大部分油气混合物向上运动遭遇腔体一10顶部的阻挡，使得混合体内的机油直接返回内燃机本体内，部分油气混合物向上运动遭遇下挡油板4的阻挡，其中的机油同样直接返回内燃机本体内，少量机油混合体运动不规律，在腔体一10壁与下挡油板4之间来回运动，最终部分机油洒落在下挡油板4上并最终滑落至内燃机本体5中进行润滑，所以腔体一10内绝大部分机油被分离出来快速地返回内燃机本体5进行润滑，只有很少量激烈运动的机油穿过气体通道一13进入腔道二11，到此，实现了一级油气分离。
而进入腔体二11的油气混合物本身只含有很少量的机油，在由腔体二11进入腔体三13时，油气混合物在朝向气体通道二14运动时其中的机油会附着在腔体二11的腔体壁上，并在重力作用下进一步通过气体通道一13流回到内燃机本体5内再次进行润滑，到此，完成了二级油气分离。
通过气体通道二14进入到腔体三12中的油气混合物，本身只含有极少的机油或者不含机油，而该混合体由气体通道二14进入后从出气管6流出时其内的极少的机油会附着到腔体三12的腔壁上，将油气混合物中的最后一点机油分离出来，并最终使得分离出来的机油通过气体通道二14和气体通道一13流入内燃机本体6内进行润滑，而分离出来的废气通过出气管6流入空气过滤器进行处理。最终，实现了三级油气分离。
采用本实施例的内燃机的油气分离装置，能够有效长时地实现油气分离，使得内燃 机内产生的油气混合物中的机油快速返回内燃机本体，而分离出来的气体通过出气管进入空滤器，防止对环境的污染。其分离效果好，至少使得出气管在200工作小时内无机油流出，并且即使在高温、高压、振动等恶劣工况下，也能够有效地且快速地实现油气分离。
实施例2：如图1-5所示，一种内燃机油气分离装置，包括沿纵向依次设置的腔体一10、腔体二11和腔体三12，所述腔体一10与所述腔体二11通过气体通道一13相通，所述腔体二11与所述腔体三12通过气体通道二14相通，所述腔体三12上连通有出气管6，所述腔体一10底部与内燃机本体5相通且在所述腔体一10底部与所述内燃机本体5之间设置有下挡油板4，所述下挡油板4纵向覆盖所述气体通道一。
其中，所述腔体一10、腔体二11和腔体三12是沿纵向依次设置的，即由下至上地设置。这样便于油气混合物能够轻易地从腔体一10经腔体二11和腔体三12由出气管流出；更便于机油在重力的作用下返回内燃机本体5内。所述腔体可以通过各种构件构成，如箱体、罩体、钣金件等围合而成。
而在本实施例中，所示腔体一10、腔体二11、腔体三12沿分离装置的壳体1纵向设置。在所述壳体1内由上至下设置有上挡油板2和开口朝下的罩体3，而所述下挡油板4设置在所述壳体1和内燃机本体5之间，所述壳体1下边沿、下挡油板4外沿和所述内燃机本体5上边沿锁定在一起(可通过任何连接方式，如焊接、螺钉连接等)。而所述腔体一10由所述罩体3内壁和所述下挡油板4构成，所述腔体二11由所述罩体3外壁、设置在罩体3上方的上挡油板2和壳体1侧壁构成，所述腔体三12由所述上挡油板2和所述壳体1侧壁及顶壁构成。所述罩体3边沿与所述壳体1和所述下挡油板4之间设置的间隙形成所述气体通道一13；在所述上挡油板2上设置的呼吸阀装置的呼吸阀孔为气体通道二14。
其中，所述下挡油板4为沿所述罩体3底部设置的环形，所述下挡油板4内沿形成腔体一10的进气口，内燃机本体5内产生的油气混合物就是通过该进气口进入到腔体一10的。
并且，所述下挡油板4由外至内分为外圈和内圈，所述外圈为平板状且覆盖所述气体通道一13，所述内圈为朝向所述内燃机本体的下锥状4a。
采用本实施例的油气分离装置，当油气混合物朝向油气分离装置运动时，大部分油气混合向上运动遭遇罩体3顶部的阻挡，使得混合物内的机油直接返回内燃机本体5内，部分油气混合物向上运动遭遇下挡油板4的阻挡，其中的机油同样直接返回内燃机本体5内，少量机油混合体运动不规律，在罩体3内壁与下挡油板4之间来回运动，最终部分机油洒落在下挡油板4上并最终通过下挡油板4的内圈滑落至内燃机本体5中进行润滑，所以腔体一 10内绝大部分机油被分离出来快速地返回内燃机本体进行润滑，只有很少量激烈运动的机油随气体穿过气体通道一13进入腔道二11，到此，实现了一级油气分离。正如图4中油气混合物运动趋势图显示的一样，下部粗箭头表示油气混合物的向上运动方向，当油气混合物向上运动时，遇到罩体3内顶壁被阻挡则往下运动(参见图中的箭头
Figure PCTCN2018104123-appb-000001
)，遇到下挡油板4的下锥状4a被阻挡则往下运动(参见图中的箭头
Figure PCTCN2018104123-appb-000002
和
Figure PCTCN2018104123-appb-000003
)。
而罩体3的设置和下挡油板4的设置避免了油气混合物直接由气体通道一13进入到腔体二11，且增大了油气混合物的路径和附着面积，有效地在一级油气分离过程中将大部分的机油混合物中的机油与废气分离开来，并且通过内圈的锥形设定使得机油能够快速地返回到内燃机本体5内进行润滑。
而进入腔体二11的油气混合物本身只含有很少量的机油，在由腔体二11进入腔体三12时，油气混合物在朝向气体通道二11运动时其中的机油混合物会绕过罩体3侧壁及顶壁，再由气体通道二14进入到腔体三12，如此一来，使得油气混合物在腔体二11的行走路径为类“台阶”形，延长了油气混合物的行走路径且增大了油气混合物的附着面积，即罩体的侧壁和顶壁，使得腔体二11内的油气混合物中的少量机油会大量附着在罩体3的侧壁和顶壁上，实现了二级油气分离，且附着在其上的机油会由侧壁滑落至气体通道一13且通过气体通道一13滑落至下挡油板4并通过下挡油板4的内圈最终滑落至内燃机本体5内进行润滑。
通过气体通道二14进入到腔体三12中的油气混合物，本身只含有极少的机油或者不含有机油，而该混合物由气体通道二14进入后从出气管6流出时其内的极少的机油会附着到腔体三12的腔壁上，也就是附着在壳体1内壁和上挡油板2上，将油气混合物中的最后一点机油分离出来，并最终使得分离出来的机油通过气体通道二14和气体通道一13流入内燃机本体内进行润滑，而分离出来的废气通过出气口流入空气过滤器进行处理。最终，实现了三级油气分离。
作为本实施例中的另一实施方式，所述罩体3具有倾斜侧壁3b，所述侧壁由所述罩体3顶面朝向所述内燃机本体5向外倾斜，且内外均倾斜，且罩体内侧壁的倾斜与下挡油板的内圈的倾斜呈相对之势。这样一来能够带来两个好处：
其一是在一级油气分离的过程中，当油气混合物向上运动遇到罩体3内顶壁的阻挡，使得油滴附着在内顶壁上时，处于内顶壁边沿的油滴可沿内侧壁的倾斜之势滑落，且所述罩体3内侧壁与下挡油板4的内圈将油气混合物的活动区域进一步变窄，使得油气混合物在该区域激烈运动，能够实现机油与废气的快速分离和附着滑落，减少进入到腔体二11内的机油。而 且正如图4中所示，向上运动的油气混合物在遭遇罩体3的倾斜内侧壁时，会朝斜向下运动(参见图4中箭头
Figure PCTCN2018104123-appb-000004
和
Figure PCTCN2018104123-appb-000005
)，部分直接被挡回内燃机本体内，其余部分被挡落在下挡油板的下锥状上面，然后在滑落至内燃机本体内。
其二是在二级油气分离的过程中，凝结在罩体3外侧壁及外顶壁的油滴可通过倾斜的外侧壁快速滑落。到达快速分离的效果。
采用本实施例中的油气分离装置，油气混合物由所述腔体一10的进气口进入到腔体一10内，再由气体通道一13进入到腔体二11内，然后由气体通道二14进入到腔体三12内，在此过程中完成了一级油气分离、二级油气分离和三级油气分离，能够有效地将油气混合物中的机油与废气分离开来，同时使得分离开的机油迅速回到内燃机本体5内加入润滑，而废气则通过腔体三12上设置的出气管6排出进入到空气过滤器中进行处理。能够有效长时地实现油气分离，使得内燃机内产生的油气混合物中的机油快速返回内燃机本体，而分离出来的气体通过出气管进入空滤器，防止对环境的污染。其分离效果好，至少使得出气管在400工作小时内无机油流出，并且即使在高温、高压、振动等恶劣工况下，也能够有效地且快速地实现油气分离。
实施例3：如图2和5所示，在本实施例中，所述气体通道二14为设置在所述上挡油板2上的呼吸阀装置形成，且与所述呼吸阀孔相对的罩体3上设置有倾斜导油槽3a，其余结构与实施例2均相通。
其中，所述呼吸阀装置包括设置在所述上挡油板上的呼吸阀孔，通过铆钉9锁定在所述上挡油板2的顶面的呼吸阀片8和呼吸阀挡板7，所述呼吸阀片8和呼吸阀挡板7与所述呼吸阀孔相对。而所述倾斜导油槽3a是正对所述呼吸阀孔由所述罩体3顶壁向侧壁中下部设置的。
通过上述的设置，在二级油气分离的过程中，腔体二11内的油气混合物在向上运动通过呼吸阀孔进入到腔体三12时，在向聚集进入气体通道二14以及被呼吸阀片阻挡的过程中部分机油会形成油滴聚集在气体通道二14处并向下滑落，滑落至倾斜导油槽3a时就会顺势由倾斜导油槽3a滑落至气体通道一13并进而滑落至内燃机本体5中再次进行润滑。
如此一来，又提高了油气分离装置的油气分离效果和时间。采用本实施例的油气分离装置，不当能够使得分离出来的机油能够迅速回到内燃机本体内进行润滑，且其分离效果好，至少使得出气管在450工作小时内无机油流出，并且即使在高温、高压、振动等恶劣工况下，也能够有效地且快速地实现油气分离。
实施例4：如图6所示，在本实施例中，所述腔体三12内设置有迷宫结构，所述迷 宫结构由所述呼吸阀孔至所述出气管之间横向设置的至少一个挡块构成。其余结构与实施例2和实施例3相同。
本实施例中的迷宫结构为S型迷宫结构，由近所述呼吸阀孔处设置的横向挡板一16和近所述出气管6处设置的横向挡板二17构成，所述横向挡板一16与横向挡板二17的一端与壳体壁连接，另一端与壳体壁相离形成开口，且所述横向挡板一16和横向挡板二17的开口方向相反，在所述横向挡板一16的一侧或两侧设置有与腔体二11相通的回油孔15。在本实施例中，所述回油孔15设置在横向挡板一16的两侧的上挡油板2上。
所述出气管进气端与所述横向挡板二17相对设置，在所述横向挡板二17和壳体壁形成的开口与所述出气管的进气口之间设置有纵向挡板18，所述纵向挡板18与所述横向挡板二17之间形成气体喷孔，在所述出气管的进气口的另一侧的横向挡板二17上设置有气体回流孔19。
在本实施例中，所述横向挡板二17、纵向挡板18与壳体壁之间形成了一个四边形腔体，所述出气管6设置在邻所述纵向挡板18的壳体上，所述气体回流孔19设置在所述横向挡板二17与壳体1连接的根部，也就是说，所述喷孔和所述气体回流孔19分设在进气管6的两侧。
其中，所述纵向挡板的纵向与沿纵向设置的腔体一、腔体二和腔体三的纵向并不是一个意思，沿纵向设置的纵向是指沿气体运动方向的纵向，即重力方向的纵向，而纵向挡板是指与横向挡板方向垂直或具有角度的纵向。
采用本实施例的油气分离装置，在三级油气分离装置的过程中，油气混合物通过气体通道二11进入到腔体三12，并经过S型迷宫结构由呼吸阀孔流入到出气管。而其中被分离出来的极少的油滴通过横向挡板一16两侧设置的回油孔15再次回到腔体二11，并通过倾斜罩体壁回到内燃机本体5内进行润滑。
而通过S型迷宫结构的气体在通过横向挡板二17和纵向挡板18形成的喷孔时会呈喷射状，部分废气进入到出气管6，而部分废气被喷射到出气管外并通过气体回流孔19流入到S型迷宫结构中，再次进行循环。
如此一来，又一次增加了油气混合物的行走路径，把腔体三12内油气混合物含有的极少部分的机油彻底从废气中分离出来，并且通过回油孔回流到内燃机本体中进行润滑。使得最终由所述出气管排出的只有废气，而没有机油，不会造成机油的损失。
采用本实施例的内燃机的油气分离装置，能够使得内燃机本体内的油气混合物彻底分离，且使得机油流回内燃机本体内继续工作，而废气通过出气管流入空气过滤器进行处理。
且采用本实施例的内燃机的油气分离装置，分离效果好，能够保证在2500工作小时内无任何油滴流出，避免造成机油的损失，也保证了内燃机内机油的充足，保证内燃机内各部件的润滑效果。
另外，本实施例的油气分离装置，即使在高温、高压、振动等恶劣工况下，依然能够实现对机油混合物的有效分离，依然能够到达上述分离效果。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：包括由下至上依次设置的腔体一(10)、腔体二(11)和腔体三(12)，所述腔体一(10)与所述腔体二(11)通过气体通道一(13)相通，所述腔体二(11)与所述腔体三(12)通过气体通道二(14)相通，所述腔体三(12)上连通有出气管(6)，所述腔体一(11)底部为进气口，在所述腔体一底部还设置有下挡油板(4)，所述下挡油板(4)纵向覆盖所述气体通道一(13)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述下挡油板(4)为沿所述腔体一(10)底部设置的环形，所环形下挡油板(4)外沿与油气分离装置壳体相接，所述下挡油板内沿形成腔体一(10)的进气口。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述下挡油板(4)由外至内分为外圈和内圈，所述外圈为平板状且覆盖所述气体通道一，所述内圈为朝向所述内燃机本体(5)的下锥状(4a)。
  4. 如权利要求1、2或3所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所示腔体一(10)、腔体二(11)、腔体三(120)沿壳体(1)依次设置，所述腔体一(10)由罩体(3)内壁和所述下挡油板(4)构成，所述腔体二(12)由所述罩体(3)外壁、设置在罩体(3)上方的上挡油板(2)和壳体(1)内壁构成，所述腔体三(12)由所述上挡油板(2)和所述壳体(1)内壁构成。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述罩体(3)边沿与所述壳体(1)和所述下挡油板(4)之间设置的间隙形成所述气体通道一(13)；在所述上挡油板(2)上设置的呼吸阀装置的呼吸阀孔为气体通道二(14)。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述罩体(3)具有倾斜侧壁(3b)，所述侧壁(3b)由所述罩体(3)顶面朝所述内燃机本体(5)向外倾斜。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述呼吸阀装置的阀孔与所述罩体(3)顶面相对，且在所述罩体(5)顶面设置有与所述呼吸阀孔相对的倾斜导油槽(3a)。
  8. 如权利要求4、5、6或7所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：在所述腔体三(12)内设置有迷宫结构，所述迷宫结构由所述呼吸阀孔至所述出气管(6)之间横向设置的至少一个挡块构成。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：所述迷宫结构包括近所述呼吸阀孔处设置的横向挡板一(16)和近所述出气管处设置的横向挡板二(17)，所述横向挡板一(16)与横向挡板二(17)的一端与壳体壁连接，另一端与壳体壁相离形成开口，且所述 横向挡板一(16)和横向挡板二(17)的开口方向相反，在所述横向挡板一(16)的一侧或两侧设置有与腔体二(11)相通的回油孔(15)。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的内燃机油气分离装置，其特征在于：近所述出气管设置有与所述出气管进气端相对的横向挡板二(17)，在所述横向挡板二(17)和壳体壁形成的开口与所述出气管的进气口之间设置有纵向挡板(18)，所述纵向挡板(18)与所述横向挡板二(17)之间形成气体喷孔，在所述出气管的进气口的另一侧的横向挡板二(17)上设置有气体回流孔(19)。
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