WO2019056905A1 - 一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站 - Google Patents

一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056905A1
WO2019056905A1 PCT/CN2018/101645 CN2018101645W WO2019056905A1 WO 2019056905 A1 WO2019056905 A1 WO 2019056905A1 CN 2018101645 W CN2018101645 W CN 2018101645W WO 2019056905 A1 WO2019056905 A1 WO 2019056905A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
base station
reflector
conductor strip
station antenna
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/101645
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖伟宏
廖志强
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to BR112020005268-0A priority Critical patent/BR112020005268A2/pt
Priority to EP18857647.4A priority patent/EP3671952A4/en
Priority to RU2020113595A priority patent/RU2771751C2/ru
Priority to AU2018334731A priority patent/AU2018334731B2/en
Publication of WO2019056905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019056905A1/zh
Priority to US16/823,980 priority patent/US11552385B2/en
Priority to US18/071,043 priority patent/US20230093260A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/206—Microstrip transmission line antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a feed network of a base station antenna, a base station antenna, and a base station.
  • the array of multiple antennas can effectively increase the electrical size of the antenna and provide higher gain.
  • FIG. 1 a conventional base station antenna is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the inside of the radome includes three parts, respectively: a radiation array unit 101 for constraining the directional reflector 102, and a reflector mounted on the reflector to provide a phase response of the radiation unit. Electric network.
  • the feed network generally includes a device such as a phase shifter 103, a radiation unit is disposed on a front surface of the reflector, and a phase shifter is disposed on a back surface of the reflector, the phase shifter and the radiation unit
  • a device such as a phase shifter 103
  • a radiation unit is disposed on a front surface of the reflector
  • a phase shifter is disposed on a back surface of the reflector, the phase shifter and the radiation unit
  • the connection is made with the coaxial cable 104.
  • Such a structure can be adapted to different array arrangements, but the device layout is performed on the back side of the reflector.
  • the multi-array antenna it is easy to have problems of multiple cables, complicated assembly, and difficulty in layout of the feed network in the case of multiple arrays.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a feed network of a base station antenna, a base station antenna, and a base station.
  • the feed network and the base station antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application have a simple structure and are easy to assemble and produce.
  • a feed network of a base station antenna including a strip line cavity structure and a microstrip line circuit; the microstrip line circuit is disposed on a front surface of the reflector and parallel to the reflector.
  • the microstrip line circuit comprises a first conductor strip and a dielectric substrate, the microstrip line circuit is connected to the front surface of the reflector, the dielectric substrate is located between the conductor and the reflector; the strip line cavity structure is disposed on the opposite side of the reflector, and the reflection a first avoidance hole is disposed on the plate; the strip line cavity structure includes at least one second conductor strip; the strip line cavity structure is disposed on the reverse side of the reflector, and the second conductor strip passes through the first escape hole and the microstrip a first conductor strip in the line circuit is connected; a position of a connection point of the second conductor strip and the first conductor strip in the microstrip line circuit is a signal output port; in the embodiment of the present application, the first step is provided on the reflector
  • the escape hole enables the second conductor strip in the strip line to pass through the reflector and smoothly perform an approximately lossless feed.
  • the layout of the feed structure is regular, and the number of signal output ports is small, especially when the base station
  • the strip line cavity structure includes a cavity structure and a second conductor strip
  • the cavity structure includes a first ground plate, a second ground plate and a baffle, and the first end of the first ground plate
  • the first end of the second ground plate is perpendicularly connected to the reflector
  • the first end of the baffle is connected to the second end of the first ground plate
  • the other end of the baffle is connected to the second end of the second ground plate.
  • a cavity structure is formed by the reflector, the first ground plate, the second ground plate and the baffle.
  • the cavity structure is a closed cavity structure for closing the signal.
  • the baffle includes at least one slit; the slit has a rectangular shape, and the extending direction of the slit is a direction of signal input, and the position of the rectangular slit corresponds to the position of the second conductor strip. .
  • This gap facilitates the overall assembly of the array antenna.
  • the strip line cavity structure includes a phase shifter, the phase shifter includes a sliding medium, a second conductor strip and a cavity structure; the second conductor strip has a power section, and the sliding medium covers Around the power section.
  • the two ends of the second conductor strip have a convex structure, and the convex structure is electrically connected to the conductor of the microstrip line circuit through the first escape hole in an insulating manner, wherein the manner of the insulation
  • the insulating material may be wrapped around the convex structure, or an insulating material may be disposed on the inner wall of the hole;
  • the convex structure includes a first convex structure at one end of the second conductor strip and the other end of the second conductor strip a two-convex structure, the sliding medium slides between the first convex structure and the second convex structure; in the embodiment of the present application, the first convex structure and the second convex structure are two separated by the same power segment
  • the sliding medium is added to realize the function of the phase shifter, and the sliding medium on both sides of the second conductor strip is moved to realize the phase change.
  • the phase shifter can be in the belt.
  • the assembly in the line cavity structure is
  • the baffle is provided with a slot and a slot, the slot is parallel to the ground plate and lies in a plane in the cavity structure, the slot is perpendicular to the slot;
  • the first escape hole is on the reflector Arranged in a line, and the first relief holes arranged in a line correspond to the positions of the slots;
  • the two ends of the second conductor strip have a convex structure, and when the second conductor strip is assembled, the side of the second conductor strip Inserted by the entrance of the strip line cavity structure, the second conductor strip is inserted into the slot, and an external force is applied from the slot, when the side of the second conductor strip is pushed by the external force, with the second conductor strip
  • the convex structure is electrically connected to the first conductor of the microstrip line circuit through the first escape hole;
  • the fine groove is disposed on the baffle in the embodiment of the present application to facilitate the strip line cavity structure during the assembly process.
  • the second conductor strip corresponds to the position of the first relief hole
  • the second conductor strip is a PCB board structure.
  • the microstrip line circuit includes a ground layer, the ground layer is disposed in parallel with the reflector, and the ground layer is coupled to the reflector.
  • the ground layer is disposed in parallel with the reflector, and the ground layer is coupled to the reflector.
  • the microstrip line circuit includes a ground layer, and the ground layer of the microstrip line circuit and the reflector are integrated structures.
  • the integrated structure can improve large-scale production efficiency. .
  • the number of strip line cavity structures is N, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the second conductor strips in the N strip line cavity structures have different frequencies for transmitting signals.
  • the microstrip line circuit is a combiner.
  • the feeder network may include a combiner, which saves assembly space, has a neat layout of the feed network, is simple to assemble, and is suitable for mass production.
  • the number of the strip line cavity structures is N, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the second conductor strips in the N strip line cavity structures transmit the same frequency.
  • the microstrip line circuit is a power divider.
  • the power distribution network can be included in the feed network, which saves assembly space, the layout of the feed network is neat, and the assembly is simple, and is suitable for mass production.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, including multiple array antennas, each of the plurality of array antennas including at least one radiating element, a reflector, and a feed network; a front side of the reflector, the feed network includes at least one strip line cavity structure and a microstrip line circuit, the microstrip line circuit is disposed on the front side of the reflector, and parallel to the reflector, the microstrip line circuit includes a conductor strip and a medium
  • the substrate, the microstrip line circuit is connected to the front surface of the reflector, the dielectric substrate is located between the conductor and the reflector; the strip line cavity structure is disposed on the opposite side of the reflector, and the reflector plate is provided with a first escape hole;
  • the wire cavity structure includes at least one second conductor strip; the strip line cavity structure is disposed on the reverse side of the reflector, and the second conductor strip is connected to the first conductor strip in the microstrip line circuit through the first avoidance hole, and the micro The first conductor strip
  • the strip line cavity structure includes a cavity structure and a second conductor strip
  • the cavity structure includes a first ground plate, a second ground plate and a baffle, and the first end of the first ground plate
  • the first end of the second ground plate is perpendicularly connected to the reflector
  • the first end of the baffle is connected to the second end of the first ground plate
  • the other end of the baffle is connected to the second end of the second ground plate.
  • the strip line cavity structure includes a phase shifter, the phase shifter includes a sliding medium, a second conductor strip and a cavity structure; and the second conductor strip has a power dividing section and a sliding medium Covered around the power section.
  • the two ends of the conductor strip in the strip line cavity structure have a convex structure, and the convex structure is electrically connected to the conductor of the microstrip line circuit through the first escape hole in an insulating manner;
  • the convex structure includes a first convex structure at one end of the second conductor strip and a second convex structure at the other end of the second conductor strip, and the sliding medium slides between the first convex structure and the second convex structure;
  • the first convex structure and the second convex structure are two protruding segments separated by the same power segment; adding a sliding medium in the strip line cavity structure to realize the function of the phase shifter, moving the clip The sliding medium on both sides of the second conductor strip realizes phase change, and the phase shifter can be assembled in the strip line cavity structure, thereby saving the assembly space of the base station antenna, the physical size of the feeding network is small, the structure is simple, and the structure is suitable for large Scale production.
  • the baffle is provided with a slot and a slot, the slot is parallel to the ground plate and lies in a plane in the cavity structure, the slot is perpendicular to the slot;
  • the first escape hole is on the reflector Arranged in a line, and the first relief holes arranged in a line correspond to the positions of the slots;
  • the two ends of the second conductor strip have a convex structure, and when the second conductor strip is assembled, the sides of the second conductor strip are Inserted by the entrance of the strip line cavity structure, the second conductor strip is inserted into the slot, an external force is applied from the slot, and when the side of the second conductor strip is pushed by the external force, the second body strip is convex
  • the structure is electrically connected to the conductor of the microstrip line circuit through the first escape hole;
  • the slot is provided on the baffle in the embodiment of the present application to facilitate the second conductor in the strip line cavity structure during assembly
  • the belt corresponds to the position of the first escape hole, and then an
  • the microstrip line circuit includes a ground layer, the ground layer is disposed in parallel with the reflector, and the ground layer is coupled to the reflector.
  • the microstrip line circuit includes a ground layer, and the ground layer of the microstrip line circuit and the reflector are in an integrated structure.
  • the number of strip line cavity structures is N, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the second conductor strips in the N strip line cavity structures have different frequencies for transmitting signals.
  • the circuit of the microstrip line circuit is a combiner; in the embodiment of the present application, the feeder network can include a combiner, which saves assembly space, has a neat layout of the feed network, is simple to assemble, and is suitable for mass production.
  • the number of the strip line cavity structures is N, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the second conductor strips in the N strip line cavity structures transmit the same frequency.
  • the circuit of the microstrip line circuit is a power splitter; in the embodiment of the present application, the power distribution device can be included in the feed network, which saves assembly space, has a neat layout of the feed network, is simple to assemble, and is suitable for mass production.
  • the polarization form of the radiating element is monopolar or dual polarized.
  • the reflector comprises a reflective plate and two reflective side plates, the two reflective side plates are respectively perpendicular to the two ends of the reflective plate, and the reflective plate is concave.
  • the reflector since the reflector has a concave shape, the reflector is more advantageous for enhancing the directivity of the antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a base station, including: a transceiver, where the transceiver is connected to the base station antenna of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a base station antenna in a conventional method
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a microstrip line in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a strip line in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a strip line in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a strip line cavity structure in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective structural diagram of an array antenna of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a strip line cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a reflector in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a second conductor strip in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic side view showing the structure of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a second conductor strip in a strip line cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a top plan view of a radiation unit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective structural view of a radiation unit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a side view of an array antenna in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 20 is a side view showing the structure of an array antenna in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 21 is a schematic structural view of a sliding medium in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic side view showing the structure of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a feed network, a base station antenna, and a base station of a base station antenna, which are used to improve product assembly efficiency.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system including a mobile mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the base station includes a base station antenna, and the base station antenna is a connection device between the mobile terminal and the radio frequency front end of the wireless network, and is mainly used for performing cell coverage of the wireless signal.
  • the base station receives the signal transmitted by the mobile terminal through the base station antenna, or the base station transmits a signal to the mobile terminal through the base station antenna.
  • Array antenna An antenna system that operates through a common feed network by a number of identical single antennas arranged in a geometric pattern.
  • Feed network It is an important component of the base station antenna. It connects the antenna port and the array element to form the path of RF signal transmission, and realizes functions such as impedance matching and amplitude phase distribution.
  • the feed network is closely related to the performance of the base station array antenna. The main function is to transmit the high frequency current from the transmitter to the radiating unit or to transmit the high frequency current from the radiating unit to the transmitter.
  • Feed network methods include strip lines and microstrip lines.
  • Microstrip line Please understand with reference to FIG. 3, which is a schematic structural view of a microstrip line, which is a microwave transmission line composed of a first conductor strip 301, a dielectric substrate 303 and a ground layer 303.
  • a single first conductor strip 301 is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate 303, and the other surface of the dielectric substrate 303 is connected to the ground layer 303, which is a metal flat plate.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a strip line
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a strip line.
  • the strip line is a microwave transmission line composed of two ground plates and a second conductor strip 401 interposed therebetween.
  • the two ground plates include a first ground plate 402 and a second ground plate 403.
  • the first ground plate 402 and the second ground plate 403 are filled with a medium 404.
  • d1 and d2 are filled with the same material, d1 and d2 can be approximated. Equal or identical, wherein d1 is the first distance between the second conductor and the first ground plate, and d2 is the second distance between the second conductor and the second ground plate.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a strip line cavity structure.
  • the two ground plates and the two strip line side plates of the strip line form a cavity structure of the strip line, and the two strip line side plates include the first strip line side plate 601 and the second strip line side plate.
  • 602 one side of the first strip line side plate 601 is perpendicularly connected to the first ground plate 402, and the other side of the first strip line side plate 601 is perpendicularly connected to the second ground plate 403;
  • One side of the strip line side plate 602 is perpendicularly connected to the first ground plate 402, and the other side of the second strip line side plate 602 is vertically connected to the second ground plate 403.
  • Reflector A metal plate used to enhance the directivity of the antenna.
  • Radiation unit A component that converts current energy into electromagnetic energy and radiates it out, or receives electromagnetic energy and converts it into current energy.
  • Half-wave oscillator A radiation structure consisting of two metal arms of approximately equal length. The length of each metal arm is approximately 1/4 of the wavelength of radiation (full-length is half-wavelength, so called half-wave oscillator), and the radiation structure passes. The metal arms are energized adjacent the ends.
  • Polarization of the antenna the trajectory of the vector end of the electric field vector in the radiation field.
  • Polarization methods include linear polarization, and linear polarization can be divided into single polarization and dual polarization.
  • Phase shifter A device that changes the feed phase of each radiating element of an electrical tune antenna (ie, an array antenna) is called a phase shifter.
  • the phase shifter electrically adjusts the key components of the base station antenna, it can change the phase difference of the radiating elements of the array antenna, so that the vertical beam of the antenna forms a specific downtilt angle, and the beam coverage can be flexibly changed by adjusting the phase shifter to adjust the base station antenna. Scope to meet the needs of wireless network optimization.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an array antenna 701 of a base station antenna.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of an array antenna 701.
  • the base station antenna includes a plurality of array antennas 701, each of which includes a radiating unit 711, a reflecting plate 712, and a feeding network.
  • one base station antenna includes four array antennas 701, and one array antenna 701 may include four radiating elements. 711, a reflector 712 and a feed network.
  • an array antenna 701 is taken as an example for description. It should be noted that, in practical applications, the number of array antennas 701 included in the base station antenna is not limited. The number of radiating elements 711 in each array antenna 701 is also not limited.
  • the reflecting plate 712 includes a reflecting plate 7121 and two reflecting side plates 7122.
  • the two reflecting side plates are respectively perpendicular to the two ends of the reflecting plate, and the reflecting plate has a concave shape.
  • the feed network includes a stripline cavity structure 716 and a microstrip line circuit 715; the microstrip line circuit 715 is disposed on the front surface of the reflector 712 and is parallel to the reflector 712, and the stripline cavity structure 716 is disposed on the reflection
  • the radiation unit 711 is connected to the microstrip line circuit 715 on the reverse side of the board 712.
  • the microstrip line circuit 715 includes a first conductor strip, a dielectric substrate, and a ground layer.
  • the ground layer of the microstrip line circuit 715 has a gap with the front surface of the reflector 712.
  • the ground layer is coupled to the front surface of the reflector 712.
  • the ground layer and the reflector 712 are integrated. It can be understood that the front surface of the reflector 712 can serve as a microstrip.
  • the ground layer of the line circuit 715; in another possible implementation, the ground layer is directly connected to the front surface of the reflector 712. It should be noted that the front side of the reflector and the opposite side of the reflector are relative concepts, and an external signal is radiated from the reverse side of the reflector to the front side of the reflector.
  • the stripline cavity structure 716 is disposed on the reverse side of the reflective plate 712, and the stripline cavity structure 716 includes a cavity structure and a conductor strip of the stripline cavity structure 716, the cavity structure including a first ground plate 713, and a second
  • the grounding plate 714 and the baffle 715, the first grounding plate 713 and the second grounding plate 714 are metal plates, the first end of the first grounding plate 713 is perpendicularly connected to the reflecting plate 712, and the first end of the second grounding plate 714 is The reflection plate 712 is vertically connected, one end of the baffle 715 is connected to the second end of the first ground plate 713, and the other end of the baffle 715 is connected to the second end of the second ground plate 714.
  • a cavity structure is composed of the reflection plate 712, the first ground plate 713, the second ground plate 714, and the baffle 715.
  • the cavity structure is as shown in FIG. 7, the cavity structure is a closed cavity structure, and the baffle 715 is used to close the signal.
  • the cavity structure is as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the baffle 715 includes at least one slot 7151.
  • the slot 7151 has a rectangular shape, and the slot 7151 extends in the direction of the signal input. Input from the open end of the stripline cavity structure, the position of the rectangular slit corresponding to the position of the second conductor strip 7161.
  • the slot 7151 facilitates the overall assembly of the array antenna.
  • the overall structure of the base station antenna is described above. The following describes how the feed network in the base station antenna constitutes a path for RF signal transmission.
  • the reflector 712 is provided with a first escape hole 7121; the first relief hole 7121 is provided for the second conductor strip in the stripline.
  • the 7161 is able to pass through the reflector 712 and smoothly perform an approximately lossless feed.
  • the grounding layer of the microstrip line circuit 715 and the reflecting plate 712 are integrated, it is necessary to provide the first avoidance hole 7121 on the reflecting plate 712; if the microstrip The line circuit 715 includes a ground layer, and a second avoidance hole is required to be disposed on the ground layer, and the second escape hole corresponds to a position of the first escape hole 7121, so that the strip line structure 716 is
  • the two conductor strips 7161 can be electrically connected to the first conductor of the microstrip line circuit 715 through the first escape hole 7121 and the second escape hole.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the array antenna 701
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the second conductor strip 7161.
  • the two ends of the second conductor strip 7161 of the strip line cavity structure 716 have a convex structure, and the convex structure passes through the first escape hole 7121 and the microstrip line circuit 715 in an insulating manner.
  • a conductor is electrically connected; wherein the insulation may be performed by wrapping an insulating material around the convex structure or by providing a layer of insulating material on the inner wall of the hole; and the convex structure comprises a conductor strip of the strip line cavity structure 716 a first convex structure 7162 at one end and a second convex structure 7163 at the other end of the conductor strip of the strip line cavity structure 716, in FIG. 11, the first conductor strip in the convex structure and the microstrip line circuit 715 Connected connection point 1101, the location of the connection point 1101 is a signal output port.
  • the first escape hole 7121 and the second escape hole are arranged for the second conductor strip 7161 of the strip line to pass through the ground layer of the microstrip line, and the approximately lossless feed is smoothly performed.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic side view of the array antenna 701
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the second conductor strip 7161 in the strip line cavity structure 716 .
  • the fill medium included in the stripline cavity structure 716 is a sliding medium 7165 that covers the periphery of the power section 7164 on the second conductor strip 7161, which is a node for power distribution, such as
  • the power section 7164 may be disposed at an intermediate position of the second conductor strip 7161.
  • the sliding medium 7165 is disposed to slide between the first convex structure 7162 and the second convex structure 7163.
  • the first convex structure 7162 and the second convex structure 7163 are two protruding segments separated by the same power segment 7164.
  • the sliding medium 7165 is added to the strip line cavity structure 716 to implement the function of the phase shifter.
  • the strip line cavity structure 716 includes two ground plates required for the phase shifter. Please understand FIG. 14 , FIG. 14 It is a schematic structural view of the sliding medium 7165.
  • the phase change is realized in FIG. 14 by moving the sliding media 7165 on both sides of the second conductor strip 7161.
  • the position covered by the sliding medium 7165 is a matching segment.
  • the phase shifter has multiple working states.
  • the movement of the medium ranges from 0 mm to 90 mm.
  • the phase shifter has a total of seven operating states. For each working state, the impedance characteristics are different, by fine-tuning the square on the sliding medium 7165. The length and position of the holes 7166 are used to achieve good matching characteristics. In turn, the base station antenna pattern characteristics are adjusted.
  • the phase shifter can be assembled in the strip line cavity structure 716, which saves the assembly space of the base station antenna, the physical size of the feed network is small, and the number of output ports is small, and the structure is simple.
  • the baffle 715 is provided with a slot 7151 and a slot 7152.
  • the slot 7151 is parallel to the ground plate and lies in a plane in the cavity structure, and the slot 7152 and the slot are thin.
  • the slots 7151 are vertical; the first relief holes 7121 are arranged in a line on the reflection plate 712, and the first relief holes 7121 arranged in a line correspond to the positions of the thin grooves 7151; the two conductor strips of the strip line cavity structure 716 The end has a convex structure.
  • the side of the conductor strip of the strip line cavity structure 716 is inserted by the entrance of the strip line cavity structure 716, and the strip line is inserted.
  • the conductor strip of the cavity structure 716 is inserted into the narrow slot 7151, and an external force is applied from the slot 7152.
  • the conductor of the stripline cavity structure 716 The convex structure on the belt is electrically connected to the first conductor of the microstrip line circuit 715 through the first escape hole 7121 through the first escape hole 7121.
  • a thin groove 7151 is provided on the baffle 715 to facilitate the correspondence of the position of the second conductor strip 7161 in the strip line cavity structure 716 with the first escape hole 7121 during assembly, and then pass The slot 7152 can apply an external force to the second conductor strip 7161 to facilitate assembly.
  • the second conductor strip 7161 in the stripline cavity structure 716 is a PCB board structure.
  • the PCB circuit is pushed from the slot 7152 to protrude the front side of the reflecting board 712, and the microstrip line circuit 715. Vertical cross electrical connection.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of the radiating unit 711
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the radiating unit 711.
  • Each radiating unit 711 includes four square vibrators, and the four vibrators are combined with the radiating unit.
  • One end of the feeding pin 1601 of the 711 is connected, and the four vibrators are the first vibrator 1611, the second vibrator 1612, the third vibrator 1613 and the fourth vibrator 1614, wherein the first vibrator 1611 and the third vibrator 1613 are symmetric.
  • the second vibrator 1612 and the fourth vibrator 1614 are symmetric planes, and a first metal arm is connected to a diagonal line of the first array, and a second metal arm is connected to a diagonal line of the third vibrator 1613. And the first metal arm 1621 and the second metal arm are arranged in a straight line; a third metal arm is connected to one diagonal line of the second time piece, and a fourth metal is connected to a diagonal line of the fourth vibrator 1614
  • the arm, and the third metal arm 1623 and the fourth metal arm 1624 are arranged in a straight line; the straight line formed by the first metal arm 1621 and the second metal arm 1622 is a first straight line, and the third metal arm 1623 and the fourth metal arm
  • the line drawn by 1624 is the second straight line, the first straight Second straight line intersects the vertical.
  • the first conductor strip in the microstrip line circuit 715 is simultaneously connected to the feed pin 1601 of the radiating element 711, and the first conductor strip in the microstrip line circuit 715 is connected to the feed pin 1601 of the radiating unit 711.
  • the signal of the antenna is first input from the outside to the input port of the strip line cavity structure 716, and then distributed by the strip line cavity structure 716 to the microstrip line circuit 715 directly above the reflective plate 712, and then fed by the microstrip line.
  • the radiating element 711 arm resonates to produce signal radiation; since the vibrator itself is dual polarized, the radiated signal is also dual polarized.
  • the radiating unit 711 directly above the reflecting plate 712 is a dual-polarized unit.
  • a single-polarized antenna can be used.
  • Each of the microstrip line circuits 715 has two independent signal lines respectively connected to two polarized radiating elements 711, and the polarized units are perpendicular to each other.
  • the structure of the radiating unit 711 is exemplified, and the vibrator may have other shapes, and the shape of the vibrator may be circular or other shapes. Specifically, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 18 is a bottom plan view of the array antenna reflector 712.
  • the number of stripline cavity structures 716 is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the N is illustrated by way of example, and the second conductor strips in the N stripline cavity structures 716 are illustrated.
  • the frequency of the 716 transmission signal is different, and the circuit of the microstrip line circuit 715 is a combiner.
  • the protruding structure of the second conductor is passed through the first escape hole 7121 and the second escape hole 1901, and is connected to the first conductor strip of the microstrip line circuit 715, so that it becomes very easy to realize when the base station antenna needs to be combined. .
  • the stripline cavity structure 716 needs to appear in pairs, that is, at least the f1 band and the f2 band appear in pairs at the same time, and the outlets on each polarization path splitter are two, respectively, and the f1 band and the f2 band.
  • the strip inner conductors are connected.
  • the number of the stripline cavity structures 716 is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the N is described by taking 2 as an example.
  • the conductor strips of the stripline cavity structure 716 in the N stripline cavity structures 716 transmit the same frequency, and the circuitry of the microstrip line circuit 715 is a power splitter.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna.
  • the base station antenna includes the foregoing four arrays.
  • the specific structure of the antenna 701 is the same as that of the array antenna 701 described above, and is not described here.
  • An array antenna 701 includes two microstrip line circuits 715, in this example, the base station antenna includes eight microstrip line circuits 715; one array antenna 701 includes four radiating elements 711, the base station antenna includes a total of 16 radiating elements 711;
  • an array antenna 701 includes two sliding media pairs including two sliding media, and the base station antenna includes eight sliding media pairs.
  • the grounding plate of the strip line cavity of the present embodiment and the reflecting plate 712 are electrically connected (directly or coupled) in the working frequency band of the radiating unit 711, and the available way of direct connection is to screw, please understand with reference to FIG. 22
  • One end of the first ground plate 713 is connected to one end of the first flat plate 7131
  • the second ground plate 714 is connected to one end of the second flat plate 7141
  • the first flat plate 7131 is coupled to the opposite side of the reflective plate 712.
  • the second flat plate 7141 is The reverse side of the reflector 712 is coupled, and the coupling connection can be used to ensure that the gap between the first flat plate 7131 and the reflector 712 reaches the coupling requirement of the working frequency band.
  • connection point usually the solder joint
  • the loss of the entire network is low because the strip line structure
  • the designed power splitter and phase shifter are all completed in the stripline cavity structure, so the loss of the entire network is very low.
  • the base station antenna in the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure, convenient assembly operation, and can greatly improve the assembly efficiency of the product.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna.
  • the base station antenna includes a plurality of array antennas composed of different frequency radiating units 2301.
  • the array antennas receive or transmit radio frequency signals through respective feeder networks.
  • the phase shifter 2302 is configured to be able to change the phase difference of the array antenna radiating elements such that the vertical beam of the antenna forms a specific downtilt angle, and the feeding network can achieve different radiation beam pointing through the transmission component or connect with the calibration network 2303 2303 Get the calibration signal required by the system.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a base station, which provides wireless access of a user equipment to a network, including one or more processors 2401, one or more memories 2402, one or more network interfaces 2403, and a Or a plurality of transceivers 2404 (each transceiver including a receiver Rx and a transmitter Tx) connected by a bus.
  • One or more transceivers are coupled to the base station antenna 2405 in the above embodiment.
  • the one or more processors include computer program code.
  • the network interface is connected to the core network through a link (eg, a link to the core network) or to other base stations via a wired or wireless link.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of cells is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. Go to another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站。本申请实施例提供的一种基站天线的馈电网络，包括：带状线腔体结构和微带线电路；微带线电路设置于反射板的正面，且与反射板平行，微带线电路内包括第一导体带和介质基片，微带线电路与反射板的正面连接，介质基片位于所述第一导体带和反射板中间；带状线腔体结构设置于反射板的反面，反射板上设置有第一避让孔；带状线腔体结构内包含至少一个第二导体带；带状线腔体结构设置于反射板的反面，第二导体带穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路内的第一导体带连接。本申请实施例还提供了一种基站天线及基站，本申请实施例提供的基站天线的馈电网络结构简单，易于装配与生产。

Description

一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站
本申请要求于2017年9月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710856022.1、发明名称为“一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站。
背景技术
随着设备发展、技术进步，远距离通信需求对天线增益提出越来越高的要求，多个天线组成阵列可以有效增大天线的电尺寸，进而提供更高的增益。
当前，常规的基站天线如图1所示，天线罩内部包括三个部分，分别为：辐射阵列单元101，用于约束定向的反射板102，安装在反射板上给辐射单元提供幅度相位的馈电网络。
在图1的常规结构中，例如，该馈电网络一般包含移相器103等器件，在反射板的正面设置辐射单元，在反射板的背面设置移相器，该移相器与辐射单元间用同轴线缆104进行连接。此种结构可以适应不同的阵列排布，但是，在反射板的背面进行器件布局，对于多阵列天线，容易出现多阵列情况下线缆多、装配复杂、馈电网络布局困难的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站。本申请实施例提供的馈电网络及基站天线结构简单，易于装配与生产。
第一方面，本申请实施例中提供了一种基站天线的馈电网络，包括带状线腔体结构和微带线电路；微带线电路设置于反射板的正面，且与反射板平行，微带线电路内包括第一导体带和介质基片，微带线电路与反射板的正面连接，介质基片位于导体和反射板中间；带状线腔体结构设置于反射板的反面，反射板上设置有第一避让孔；带状线腔体结构内包含至少一个第二导体带；带状线腔体结构设置于反射板的反面，第二导体带穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路内的第一导体带连接；该第二导体带与微带线电路内的第一导体带的连接点的位置为信号输出端口；本申请实施例中，通过在反射板上设置第一避让孔使得带状线中的第二导体带能够穿过该反射板并且顺利进行近似无损耗的馈电。该馈电结构布局规整，信号输出端口数量较少，尤其是当基站天线包括多个天线阵列时，节省装配空间，馈电网络布局规整，易于大规模生产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构包括腔体结构和第二导体带，腔体结构包括第一接地板，第二接地板和挡板，第一接地板的第一端与反射板垂直连接，第二接地板的第一端与反射板垂直连接，挡板的一端与第一接地板的第二端连接，挡板的另一端与第二接地板的第二端连接。由反射板、第一接地板、第二接地板和挡板组成一个腔体结构。该腔体结构为封闭的腔体结构，该挡板用于封闭信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，挡板包括至少一个缝隙；该缝隙的形状为矩形形状，该缝隙的延伸方向为信号输入的方向，该矩形缝隙的位置与该第二导体带的位置相对应。该缝 隙利于该阵列天线的整体装配。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构内包含移相器，移相器包含滑动介质、第二导体带和腔体结构；第二导体带上具有功分节，滑动介质覆盖在功分节周围。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二导体带的两端具有凸状结构，凸状结构以绝缘的方式穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路的导体电连接，其中，该绝缘的方式可以为：在该凸状结构的四周包裹绝缘材料，或者，在孔内壁设置一层绝缘材料；凸状结构包括第二导体带一端的第一凸状结构和第二导体带的另一端的第二凸状结构，滑动介质在第一凸状结构和第二凸状结构之间滑动；本申请实施例中，该第一凸状结构和第二凸状结构为同一功分节分出的两个突出段；在带状线腔体结构中增加滑动介质来实现移相器的功能，移动夹有第二导体带的两侧滑动介质实现相位变化，本申请实施例中移相器可以在带状线腔体结构内装配完成，节省基站天线的装配空间，馈电网络的物理尺寸小，结构简单，适于大规模生产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，挡板上设置有细槽和开槽，细槽与接地板平行且位于腔体结构内的平面，开槽与细槽垂直；第一避让孔在反射板上呈一字排列，且一字排列的第一避让孔与细槽的位置相对应；第二导体带的两端具有凸状结构，当装配带第二导体带时，将第二导体带的侧边由带状线腔体结构的入口插入，将第二导体带插入至细槽内，从开槽处施加外力，当第二导体带的侧边被外力推动时，带第二导体带上的凸状结构穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路的第一导体带电连接；本申请时实施例中在挡板上设置该细槽便于在装配的过程中，将带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带与第一避让孔的位置相对应，然后，通过该开槽可以对该第二导体带施加外力，便于装配。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二导体带为PCB板结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，微带线电路包括接地层，接地层与反射板平行设置，接地层与反射板耦合连接。本申请实施例中，在某些场景下，可以阻隔电流传输，但是不影响信号传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，微带线电路包括接地层，微带线电路的接地层与反射板为一体化结构，本申请实施例中，该一体化结构，可以提高大规模的生产效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，N为大于或者等于2的整数，N个带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率不同，微带线电路为合路器。本申请实施例中，该馈电网络中可以包括合路器，节省了装配空间，馈电网络布局工整，装配简单，适合大规模生产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，N为大于或者等于2的整数，N个带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率相同，微带线电路为功分器。本申请实施例中，该馈电网络中可以包括功分器，节省了装配空间，馈电网络布局工整，装配简单，适合大规模生产。
第二方面，本申请实施例中提供了一种基站天线，包括多个阵列天线，多个阵列天线中的每个阵列天线包括至少一个辐射单元、一个反射板和馈电网络；辐射单元设置于反射板的正面，馈电网络包括至少一个带状线腔体结构和微带线电路，微带线电路设置于反射板的正面，且与反射板平行，微带线电路内包括导体带和介质基片，微带线电路与反射板 的正面连接，介质基片位于导体和反射板之间；带状线腔体结构设置于反射板的反面，反射板上设置有第一避让孔；带状线腔体结构内包含至少一个第二导体带；带状线腔体结构设置于反射板的反面，第二导体带穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路内的第一导体带连接，微带线电路内的第一导体带与辐射单元内的馈电针连接；本申请实施例中，通过在反射板上设置第一避让使得带状线中的第二导体带能够穿过该反射板并且顺利进行近似无损耗的馈电。该馈电结构布局规整，信号输出端口数量较少，尤其是当基站天线包括多个天线阵列时，节省装配空间，布局规整，易于大规模生产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构包括腔体结构和第二导体带，腔体结构包括第一接地板，第二接地板和挡板，第一接地板的第一端与反射板垂直连接，第二接地板的第一端与反射板垂直连接，挡板的一端与第一接地板的第二端连接，挡板的另一端与第二接地板的第二端连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构内包含移相器，移相器包含滑动介质、带第二导体带和腔体结构；第二导体带上具有功分节，滑动介质覆盖在功分节周围。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构内的导体带的两端具有凸状结构，凸状结构以绝缘的方式穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路的导体电连接；凸状结构包括第二导体带一端的第一凸状结构和第二导体带的另一端的第二凸状结构，滑动介质在第一凸状结构和第二凸状结构之间滑动；本申请实施例中，该第一凸状结构和第二凸状结构为同一功分节分出的两个突出段；在带状线腔体结构中增加滑动介质来实现移相器的功能，移动夹有第二导体带的两侧滑动介质实现相位变化，移相器可以在带状线腔体结构内装配完成，节省基站天线的装配空间，馈电网络的物理尺寸小，结构简单，适于大规模生产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，挡板上设置有细槽和开槽，细槽与接地板平行且位于腔体结构内的平面，开槽与细槽垂直；第一避让孔在反射板上呈一字排列，且一字排列的第一避让孔与细槽的位置相对应；第二导体带的两端具有凸状结构，当装配第二导体带时，将第二导体带的侧边由带状线腔体结构的入口插入，将第二导体带插入至细槽内，从开槽处施加外力，当第二导体带的侧边被外力推动时，第二体带上的凸状结构穿过第一避让孔与微带线电路的导体电连接；本申请时实施例中在挡板上设置该细槽便于在装配的过程中，将带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带与第一避让孔的位置相对应，然后，通过该开槽可以对该第二导体带施加外力，便于装配。
在一种可能的实现方式中，微带线电路包括接地层，接地层与反射板平行设置，接地层与反射板耦合连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，微带线电路包括接地层，微带线电路的接地层与反射板为一体化结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，N为大于或者等于2的整数，N个带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率不同，微带线电路的电路为合路器；本申请实施例中，该馈电网络中可以包括合路器，节省了装配空间，馈电网络布局工整，装配简单，适合大规模生产
在一种可能的实现方式中，带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，N为大于或者等于2的整 数，N个带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率相同，微带线电路的电路为功分器；本申请实施例中，该馈电网络中可以包括功分器，节省了装配空间，馈电网络布局工整，装配简单，适合大规模生产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，辐射单元的极化形式为单极化或者双极化。
在一种可能的实现方式中，反射板包括一个反射平板和两个反射侧板，两个反射侧板分别垂直于反射平板的两端，反射板呈凹字型。本申请实施例中，由于该反射板呈凹字型，该反射板更利于增强天线的方向性。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种基站，包括：收发器，收发器与上述第二方面的基站天线连接。
附图说明
图1为传统方法中基站天线内部结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中的通信系统中的架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中微带线的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中带状线的截面结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中带状线的立体示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中带状线腔体结构的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中基站天线的一个阵列天线的立体结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中一个阵列天线的侧面示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中带状线腔体结构的另一个实施例结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中反射板的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中阵列天线的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例中第二导体带的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例中阵列天线的侧视结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例中带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例中辐射单元的俯视示意图；
图16为本申请实施例中辐射单元的立体结构示意图；
图17为本申请实施例中阵列天线的侧视示意图；
图18为本申请实施例中阵列天线反射板的仰视示意图；
图19为本申请实施例中基站天线的结构示意图；
图20为本申请实施例中阵列天线的侧视结构示意图；
图21为本申请实施例中滑动介质的结构示意图；
图22为本申请实施例中阵列天线的侧视结构示意图；
图23为本申请实施例中基站天线的结构示意图；
图24为本申请实施例中基站的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种基站天线的馈电网络、基站天线及基站，用于提升产品的装配效率。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本申请应用于无线通信领域中的基站天线，该基站天线应用于通信系统，请参阅图2所示，图2为本申请实施例的通信系统中的架构示意图，该通信系统包括移动移动终端和基站，该基站包括基站天线，该基站天线是移动终端与无线网络射频前端间的衔接设备，主要用于进行无线信号的小区覆盖。基站通过基站天线接收移动终端发送的信号，或者，基站通过基站天线向移动终端发送信号。
为了方便理解，首先对本申请实施例中的词语进行解释说明。
阵列天线：由若干相同的单个天线按一定几何规律排列组成通过共同馈电网络进行工作的天线系统。
馈电网络：是基站天线中的重要组成部件，它连接天线端口与阵列阵元，构成射频信号传输的通路，实现阻抗匹配，幅度相位分配等功能。馈电网络与基站阵列天线性能息息相关，主要功能是将来自发射机的高频电流传输给辐射单元，或将来自辐射单元的高频电流传输给发射机。
馈电网络方式包括带状线和微带线。
微带线：请结合图3进行理解，图3为微带线的结构示意图，微带线是由第一导体带301，介质基片303和接地层303所构成的微波传输线。介质基片303的一面上设置单一第一导体带301，介质基片303的另一面连接该接地层303，该接地层为金属平板。由微带线组成的电路的微带线电路。
带状线：请结合图4和图5进行理解，图4为带状线的截面结构示意图，图5为带状线的立体示意图。带状线由两块接地板与置于其中间的第二导体带401所构成的微波传输线。两块接地板包括第一接地板402和第二接地板403，该第一接地板402和第二接地板403之间填充介质404，当d1和d2填充相同的材料时，d1和d2可以近似相等，也可以相同，其中，d1为第二导体带到第一接地板之间的第一距离，d2为第二导体带到第二接地板之间的第二距离。
腔体结构:请结合图6进行理解，图6为带状线腔体结构的结构示意图。由带状线的两个接地板和两个带状线侧板组成带状线的腔体结构，两个带状线侧板包括第一带状线侧板601和第二带状线侧板602，该第一带状线侧板601的一个侧边与该第一接地板402垂直连接，该第一带状线侧板601的另一个侧边与第二接地板403垂直连接；第二带状线侧板602的一个侧边与该第一接地板402垂直连接，该第二带状线侧板602的另一个侧边与第二接 地板403垂直连接。
反射板：金属板，用于增强天线的方向性。
辐射单元：是将电流能量转化为电磁能量并辐射出去，或接收电磁能量并转化为电流能量的部件。
半波振子：有两根近似等长的金属臂组成的辐射结构，每个金属臂的长度近似为辐射波长的1/4(全长为半波长，所以称为半波振子)，辐射结构通过金属臂相邻末端进行激励。
天线的极化：辐射场中电场矢量的矢端的变化轨迹。极化方式包括线极化，线极化可以分为单极化和双极化。
移相器：改变电调天线(也即阵列天线)的每个辐射单元的馈电相位的器件称为移相器。移相器时电调基站天线的关键部件，能够改变阵列天线辐射单元的相位差，使得天线的垂直面波束形成特定的下倾角，通过调节移相器电调基站天线可以灵活地改变波束的覆盖范围，满足无线网络优化的需要。
本申请实施例中提供了一种基站天线的一个实施例，请结合图7和图8进行理解，图7为基站天线的一个阵列天线701的立体结构示意图。图8为一个阵列天线701的侧面示意图。
该基站天线包括多个阵列天线701，每个阵列天线701包括辐射单元711、反射板712和馈电网络，例如，一个基站天线包括4个阵列天线701，一个阵列天线701可以包括4个辐射单元711，一个反射板712和馈电网络，本示例中，先以一个阵列天线701为例进行说明，需要说明的是，在实际应用中，基站天线所包含的阵列天线701的数量并不限定，每个阵列天线701中的辐射单元711的数量也不限定。
反射板712包括一个反射平板7121和两个反射侧板7122，两个反射侧板分别垂直于反射平板的两端，反射板呈凹字型。
馈电网络包括带状线腔体结构716和微带线电路715；微带线电路715设置于反射板712的正面，且与反射板712平行，该带状线腔体结构716设置于该反射板712的反面，该辐射单元711与该微带线电路715连接。
具体的，微带线电路715内包括第一导体带、介质基片和接地层，在一种可能的实现方式中，该微带线电路715的接地层与该反射板712的正面具有缝隙，该接地层与该反射板712的正面耦合连接；在另一种可能的实现方式中，该接地层与反射板712为一体化结构，可以理解的是，该反射板712的正面可以作为微带线电路715的接地层；在另一种可能的实现方式中，该接地层与该反射板712的正面直接连接。需要说明的是，反射板的正面和反射板的反面是相对概念，外部信号从反射板的反面辐射到反射板的正面。
带状线腔体结构716设置于反射板712的反面，带状线腔体结构716包括腔体结构和带状线腔体结构716的导体带，腔体结构包括第一接地板713，第二接地板714和挡板715，该第一接地板713和第二接地板714为金属板，第一接地板713的第一端与反射板712垂直连接，第二接地板714的第一端与反射板712垂直连接，挡板715的一端与第一接地板713的第二端连接，挡板715的另一端与第二接地板714的第二端连接。可以理解的是，由反射板712、第一接地板713、第二接地板714和挡板715组成一个腔体结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该腔体结构如图7中所示，该腔体结构为封闭的腔体结构，该挡板715用于封闭信号。在另一种可能的实现方式中，该腔体结构如图9所示，挡板715包括至少一个缝隙7151，该缝隙7151的形状为矩形，该缝隙7151的延伸方向为信号输入的方向，信号从带状线腔体结构的开口端输入，该矩形缝隙的位置与该第二导体带7161的位置相对应。该缝隙7151利于该阵列天线的整体装配。
上面对该基站天线的整体结构进行了说明，下面对基站天线中的馈电网络如何构成射频信号传输的通路进行说明。
请结合图10进行理解，该图10为反射板712的结构示意图，反射板712上设置有第一避让孔7121；设置该第一避让孔7121的目的是为了带状线中的第二导体带7161能够穿过该反射板712并且顺利进行近似无损耗的馈电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若该微带线电路715的接地层与该反射板712为一体化结构，则需要在该反射板712上设置第一避让孔7121即可；若该微带线电路715包括接地层，则需要在该接地层上设置第二避让孔，该第二避让孔与该第一避让孔7121的位置相对应，从而使得该带状线腔体结构716内的第二导体带7161可以穿过该第一避让孔7121和第二避让孔与微带线电路715的第一导体带电连接。
请结合图11和图12进行理解，图11为阵列天线701的结构示意图，图12为第二导体带7161的结构示意图。请参阅图12所示，带状线腔体结构716的第二导体带7161的两端具有凸状结构，凸状结构以绝缘的方式穿过第一避让孔7121与微带线电路715的第一导体带电连接；其中，该绝缘的方式可以为：在该凸状结构的四周包裹绝缘材料，或者，在孔内壁设置一层绝缘材料；凸状结构包括带状线腔体结构716的导体带一端的第一凸状结构7162和带状线腔体结构716的导体带的另一端的第二凸状结构7163，在图11中，凸状结构与微带线电路715中的第一导体带连接的连接点1101，该连接点1101的位置为信号输出端口。该第一避让孔7121第一避让孔7121和第二避让孔设置目的是为了带状线的第二导体带7161能穿过微带线的接地层，并且顺利进行近似无损耗的馈电。
可选的，请结合图13和图14进行理解，图13为阵列天线701的侧视结构示意图，图14为带状线腔体结构716中的第二导体带7161的结构示意图。在带状线腔体结构716中包括的填充介质为滑动介质7165，该滑动介质7165覆盖在第二导体带7161上的功分节7164的周围，该功分节7164为功率分配的节点，例如，该功分节7164可以设置在该第二导体带7161的中间位置。
该滑动介质7165设置在第一凸状结构7162和第二凸状结构7163之间滑动。该第一凸状结构7162和第二凸状结构7163为同一功分节7164分出的两个突出段。在带状线腔体结构716中增加滑动介质7165来实现移相器的功能，该带状线腔体结构716包括移相器所需的两个接地板，请结合图14进行理解，图14为滑动介质7165的结构示意图。在图14中通过移动夹有第二导体带7161的两侧滑动介质7165实现相位变化，该滑动介质7165覆盖的位置为匹配段，对于移相器来说，移相器具有多个工作状态，例如，介质的移动的范围从0mm到90mm，假定以15mm作为步长，则移相器共有7个工作状态，对于每一个工作状态，其阻抗特性都不一样，通过微调滑动介质7165上的方形孔7166的长度和位置来获得 良好的匹配特性。进而调节基站天线方向图特性。本申请实施例中，移相器可以在带状线腔体结构716内装配完成，节省基站天线的装配空间，馈电网络的物理尺寸小，而且输出端口数量少，结构简单。
可选的，请结合图10进行理解，图10中，挡板715上设置有细槽7151和开槽7152，细槽7151与接地板平行且位于腔体结构内的平面，开槽7152与细槽7151垂直；第一避让孔7121在反射板712上呈一字排列，且一字排列的第一避让孔7121与细槽7151的位置相对应；带状线腔体结构716的导体带的两端具有凸状结构，当装配带状线腔体结构716的导体带时，将带状线腔体结构716的导体带的侧边由带状线腔体结构716的入口插入，将带状线腔体结构716的导体带插入至细槽7151内，从开槽7152处施加外力，当带状线腔体结构716的导体带的侧边被外力推动时，带状线腔体结构716的导体带上的凸状结构穿过第一避让孔7121第一避让孔7121与微带线电路715的第一导体带电连接。本示例中，在挡板715上设置细槽7151，便于在装配的过程中，将带状线腔体结构716中的第二导体带7161与第一避让孔7121的位置相对应，然后，通过该开槽7152可以对该第二导体带7161施加外力，便于装配。
可选的，带状线腔体结构716内的第二导体带7161为PCB板结构。同理，为了能使得PCB板结构能很容易装配突出反射面正面，当PCB板结构装配到腔体后，从这个开槽7152处推动PCB电路突出反射板712正面，以便和微带线电路715垂直交叉电连接。
上面对馈电网络进行了说明，下面对本示例中辐射单元711进行说明。请结合图15和17所示，图15为辐射单元711的俯视示意图，图16为辐射单元711的立体结构示意图，每个辐射单元711包括4个正方形的振子，该4个振子均与辐射单元711的馈电针1601的一端连接，该4个振子为第一振子1611，第二振子1612，第三振子1613和第四振子1614，其中，第一振子1611和第三振子1613为对称阵子，第二振子1612和第四振子1614为对称阵子，在第一阵子的一个对角线上连接有第一金属臂，在第三振子1613的一个对角线上连接有第二金属臂，且第一金属臂1621和第二金属臂呈一条直线设置；在第二阵子的一个对角线上连接有第三金属臂，在第四振子1614的一个对角线上连接有第四金属臂，且第三金属臂1623和第四金属臂1624呈一条直线设置；第一金属臂1621与第二金属臂1622所呈的直线为第一直线，第三金属臂1623与第四金属臂1624所呈的直线为第二直线，第一直线与第二直线垂直相交。
如图16所示，微带线电路715内的第一导体带同时连接辐射单元711的馈电针1601，微带线电路715中的第一导体带与辐射单元711的馈电针1601连接。具体的，天线的信号由外部首先输入到带状线腔体结构716输入口，再由带状线腔体结构716分发给反射板712正上方的微带线电路715，再由微带线馈送给辐射单元711的四个金属臂，辐射单元711臂谐振产生信号辐射；因为振子本身是双极化的，则辐射的信号也是双极化。
需要说明的是，本实施例中反射板712正上方的辐射单元711为双极化单元，当然，单极化天线一样可以。每个微带线电路715上有两路独立的信号线分别连接两个极化的辐射单元711，该双极化单元极化间相互垂直。
需要说明的是，上述辐射单元711的结构为举例说明，该振子也可以为其他形状，振 子的形状也可以为圆形或其他形状，具体的，本申请中并不限定。
请结合图17和图18进行理解，图17为阵列天线的侧视示意图。图18为阵列天线反射板712的仰视示意图。带状线腔体结构716的数量为N个，N为大于或者等于2的整数，本实施例中该N以4为例子进行说明，N个带状线腔体结构716中的第二导体带716传输信号的频率不同，微带线电路715的电路为合路器。第二导体待上的突出结构穿过第一避让孔7121和第二避让孔1901，与微带线电路715的第一导体带连接，这样使得在基站天线需要合路时变得也非常容易实现。相应地，带状线腔体结构716需要成对出现，即至少是f1频段和f2频段同时成对出现，每个极化路径功分器上的出口就是2个，分别和f1频段和f2频段的带状线内导体进行连接。
可选的，带状线腔体结构716的数量为N个，N为大于或者等于2的整数，本实施例中，该N以2为例进行说明。N个带状线腔体结构716中的带状线腔体结构716的导体带传输信号的频率相同，微带线电路715的电路为功分器。
在上述实施例的基础上，本申请实施例还提供了一种基站天线，请参阅图19所示，图19为基站天线的结构示意图，在本实施例中，该基站天线包括上述4个阵列天线701，每个阵列天线701的具体结构与上述阵列天线701的结构相同，此处不赘述。一个阵列天线701中包含2个微带线电路715，本示例中基站天线包含8个微带线电路715；一个阵列天线701包含4个辐射单元711，该基站天线共包含16个辐射单元711；请参阅图20和21所示，一个阵列天线701包含2个滑动介质对，该滑动介质对包括2个滑动介质，基站天线包含8个滑动介质对。
可选的，本实施的带状线腔体的接地板与反射板712在辐射单元711工作频段内是电连接(直接或者耦合)，直接连接的可用方式是打螺钉，请结合图22进行理解，第一接地板713的一端与第一平板7131的一端连接，第二接地板714与第二平板7141的一端连接，该第一平板7131与反射板712的反面耦合，该第二平板7141与反射板712的反面耦合，耦合连接的可用方式是保证第一平板7131和反射板712之间的缝隙达到工作频段的耦合量要求即可。
本申请实施例中，整个馈电网络中的第二导体带与第一导体带的连接点(一般为焊点)比前述的现有技术少；整个网络的损耗很低，因为带状线结构设计的功分器、移相器都是在带状线腔体结构中完成，因此整个网络的损耗很低。本申请实施例中的基站天线，结构简单，装配操作方便，能大幅提升产品的装配效率。
进一步的，请结合图23所示，图23为基站天线的结构示意图，基站天线内含有不同频率辐射单元2301所组成的若干阵列天线，阵列天线通过各自的馈电网络接收或发射射频信号。移相器2302用于能够改变阵列天线辐射单元的相位差，使得天线的垂直面波束形成特定的下倾角，馈电网络可以通过传动部件实现不同辐射波束指向，或者与校准网络2303连2303接以获取系统所需的校准信号。馈电网络与基站天线端口间还可能存在合路器或者滤波器2304等用于扩展性能的模块。
请参阅图24所示，图24为基站的结构示意图。本申请实施例中还提供了一种基站，该基站提供用户设备到网络的无线接入，包括一个或多个处理器2401，一个或多个存储器2402，一个或多个网络接口2403，以及一个或多个收发器2404(每个收发器包括接收机 Rx和发射机Tx)，通过总线连接。一个或多个收发器与上述实施例中的基站天线2405连接。一个或多个处理器包括计算机程序代码。网络接口通过链路(例如与核心网之间的链路)与核心网连接，或者通过有线或无线链路与其它基站进行连接。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，包括带状线腔体结构和微带线电路；所述微带线电路设置于所述反射板的正面，且与所述反射板平行，所述微带线电路内包括第一导体带和介质基片，所述微带线电路与所述反射板的正面连接，所述介质基片位于所述第一导体带和反射板中间；
    所述带状线腔体结构设置于所述反射板的反面，所述反射板上设置有第一避让孔；
    所述带状线腔体结构内包含至少一个第二导体带；所述带状线腔体结构设置于所述反射板的反面，所述第二导体带穿过所述第一避让孔与所述微带线电路内的第一导体带连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构包括腔体结构和所述第二导体带，所述腔体结构包括第一接地板，第二接地板和挡板，所述第一接地板的第一端与所述反射板垂直连接，第二接地板的第一端与所述反射板垂直连接，所述挡板的一端与所述第一接地板的第二端连接，所述挡板的另一端与所述第二接地板的第二端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述挡板上设置有至少一个缝隙，所述缝隙的延伸方向为信号输入的方向。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构内包含移相器，所述移相器包含滑动介质、所述第二导体带和所述腔体结构；所述第二导体带上具有功分节，所述滑动介质覆盖在所述功分节周围。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述第二导体带的两端具有凸状结构，所述凸状结构穿过所述第一避让孔与所述微带线电路的导体电连接；所述凸状结构包括所述第二导体带一端的第一凸状结构和所述第二导体带的另一端的第二凸状结构，所述滑动介质在所述第一凸状结构和所述第二凸状结构之间滑动。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述挡板上设置有细槽和开槽，所述细槽与所述接地板平行且位于所述腔体结构内的平面，所述开槽与所述细槽垂直；所述第一避让孔在所述反射板上呈一字排列，且所述一字排列的所述第一避让孔与所述细槽的位置相对应；
    所述第二导体带的两端具有凸状结构，当装配所述带第二导体带时，将所述第二导体带的侧边由所述带状线腔体结构的入口插入，将所述第二导体带插入至所述细槽内，从所述开槽处施加外力，当所述第二导体带的侧边被外力推动时，所述带第二导体带上的所述凸状结构穿过所述第一避让孔与所述微带线电路的第一导体带电连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述第二导体带为PCB板结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述微带线电路包括接地层，所述接地层与所述反射板平行设置，所述接地层与所述反射板耦合连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述微带线电路包括接地层，所述微带线电路的接地层与所述反射板为一体化结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构 的数量为N个，所述N为大于或者等于2的整数，所述N个所述带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率不同，所述微带线电路为合路器。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线的馈电网络，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，所述N为大于或者等于2的整数，所述N个所述带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率相同，所述微带线电路为功分器。
  12. 一种基站天线，其特征在于，包括多个阵列天线，所述多个阵列天线中的每个阵列天线包括至少一个辐射单元、一个反射板和馈电网络；所述辐射单元设置于所述反射板的正面，所述馈电网络包括至少一个带状线腔体结构和微带线电路，所述微带线电路设置于所述反射板的正面，且与所述反射板平行，所述微带线电路内包括第一导体带和介质基片，所述微带线电路与所述反射板的正面连接，所述介质基片位于所述导体和反射板之间；
    所述带状线腔体结构设置于所述反射板的反面，所述反射板上设置有第一避让孔；
    所述带状线腔体结构内包含至少一个第二导体带；所述带状线腔体结构设置于所述反射板的反面，所述第二导体带穿过所述第一避让孔与所述微带线电路内的第一导体带连接，所述微带线电路内的第一导体带与所述辐射单元内的馈电针连接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的基站天线，所述带状线腔体结构包括腔体结构和所述第二导体带，所述腔体结构包括第一接地板，第二接地板和挡板，所述第一接地板的第一端与所述反射板垂直连接，第二接地板的第一端与所述反射板垂直连接，所述挡板的一端与所述第一接地板的第二端连接，所述挡板的另一端与所述第二接地板的第二端连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构内包含移相器，所述移相器包含滑动介质、所述带第二导体带和所述腔体结构；所述第二导体带上具有功分节，所述滑动介质覆盖在所述功分节周围。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构内的导体带的两端具有凸状结构，所述凸状结构以绝缘的方式穿过所述第一避让孔与所述微带线电路的导体电连接；所述凸状结构包括所述第二导体带一端的第一凸状结构和所述第二导体带的另一端的第二凸状结构，所述滑动介质在所述第一凸状结构和所述第二凸状结构之间滑动。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述挡板上设置有细槽和开槽，所述细槽与所述接地板平行且位于所述腔体结构内的平面，所述开槽与所述细槽垂直；所述第一避让孔在所述反射板上呈一字排列，且所述一字排列的所述第一避让孔与所述细槽的位置相对应；
    所述第二导体带的两端具有凸状结构，当装配所述第二导体带时，将所述第二导体带的侧边由所述带状线腔体结构的入口插入，将所述第二导体带插入至所述细槽内，从所述开槽处施加外力，当所述第二导体带的侧边被外力推动时，所述第二体带上的所述凸状结构穿过所述第一避让孔与所述微带线电路的导体电连接。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述微带线电路包括接地层，所述接地层与所述反射板平行设置，所述接地层与所述反射板耦合连接。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述微带线电路包括接地层，所 述微带线电路的接地层与所述反射板为一体化结构。
  19. 根据权利要求12所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，所述N为大于或者等于2的整数，所述N个所述带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率不同，所述微带线电路的电路为合路器。
  20. 根据权利要求12所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述带状线腔体结构的数量为N个，所述N为大于或者等于2的整数，所述N个所述带状线腔体结构中的第二导体带传输信号的频率相同，所述微带线电路的电路为功分器。
  21. 根据权利要求12至20任一项所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述辐射单元的极化形式为单极化或者双极化。
  22. 根据权利要求12至20任一项所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述反射板包括一个反射平板和两个反射侧板，所述两个反射侧板分别垂直于所述反射平板的两端，所述反射板呈凹字型。
  23. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：收发器，所述收发器与如权利要求12至22中任一项所述的基站天线连接。
PCT/CN2018/101645 2017-09-19 2018-08-22 一种基站天线的馈电网络，基站天线及基站 WO2019056905A1 (zh)

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BR112020005268-0A BR112020005268A2 (pt) 2017-09-19 2018-08-22 estrutura de cavidade de stripline, rede de alimentação de antena de estação base, antena de estação base, e estação base
EP18857647.4A EP3671952A4 (en) 2017-09-19 2018-08-22 BASE STATION ANTENNA, BASE STATION AND BASE STATION POWER NETWORK
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