WO2019047909A1 - HETEROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS SUBSTITUTED WITH CYCLOOLEFINS AND THEIR USE - Google Patents

HETEROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS SUBSTITUTED WITH CYCLOOLEFINS AND THEIR USE Download PDF

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WO2019047909A1
WO2019047909A1 PCT/CN2018/104531 CN2018104531W WO2019047909A1 WO 2019047909 A1 WO2019047909 A1 WO 2019047909A1 CN 2018104531 W CN2018104531 W CN 2018104531W WO 2019047909 A1 WO2019047909 A1 WO 2019047909A1
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compound
formula
alkyl
halo
pharmaceutically acceptable
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PCT/CN2018/104531
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wei-Guo Su
Guangxiu Dai
Kun Xiao
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Hutchmed Ltd
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Hutchison Medipharma Ltd
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Priority to EA202090653A priority Critical patent/EA202090653A1/ru
Priority to UAA202002089A priority patent/UA129118C2/uk
Priority to AU2018329047A priority patent/AU2018329047B2/en
Priority to CN202311036787.2A priority patent/CN116999441A/zh
Priority to CN202311040510.7A priority patent/CN117024363A/zh
Priority to CN201880057118.4A priority patent/CN111132967B/zh
Priority to PE2020000280A priority patent/PE20200727A1/es
Priority to CN202311036845.1A priority patent/CN117257809A/zh
Priority to US16/645,329 priority patent/US11414390B2/en
Priority to NZ762447A priority patent/NZ762447B2/en
Priority to JP2020513872A priority patent/JP7273030B6/ja
Priority to CA3073782A priority patent/CA3073782A1/en
Priority to KR1020207009621A priority patent/KR102566237B1/ko
Application filed by Hutchison Medipharma Ltd filed Critical Hutchison Medipharma Ltd
Priority to SG11202001642WA priority patent/SG11202001642WA/en
Priority to CN202311036829.2A priority patent/CN117797156A/zh
Priority to MX2020002505A priority patent/MX2020002505A/es
Priority to BR112020004563-2A priority patent/BR112020004563B1/pt
Priority to EP18853366.5A priority patent/EP3679020A4/en
Publication of WO2019047909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019047909A1/en
Priority to IL272923A priority patent/IL272923B2/en
Priority to PH12020500408A priority patent/PH12020500408A1/en
Priority to ZA2020/01448A priority patent/ZA202001448B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/747,925 priority patent/US12234211B2/en
Priority to US19/050,772 priority patent/US20250223267A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
    • C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D251/40—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D251/48—Two nitrogen atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/53—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • C07B59/002—Heterocyclic compounds
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
    • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
    • C07D239/48—Two nitrogen atoms
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
    • C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D251/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom
    • C07D251/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to only one ring carbon atom
    • C07D251/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to only one ring carbon atom with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the two other ring carbon atoms, e.g. guanamines
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    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F5/02—Boron compounds
    • C07F5/025—Boronic and borinic acid compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/07—Optical isomers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cycloolefin substituted heteroaromatic compounds and their use in the treatment of diseases induced by IDH mutations.
  • the survival way of tumor cells is different from that of normal cells, so does the energy intake and utilization.
  • the common metabolic pathway in aerobic organisms is tricarboxylic acid cycle, in which isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzing the conversion of isocitrate to ⁇ -ketoglutaric acid ( ⁇ -KG) is a rate-limiting step.
  • IDH isocitrate dehydrogenase
  • the known IDH family comprises three isozymes, IDH1, IDH2 and IDH3, which are located in different organelles and perform the same biological functions, i.e., catalyzing the formation of ⁇ -KG.
  • IDH1/2 mutations were present in a certain proportion of a variety of tumors, such as glioma (60-80%) , chondrosarcoma (55%) , acute myeloid leukemia (15-25 %) , etc.
  • the mutant IDH1 or IDH2 loses the capability of catalyzing the conversion of isocitrate to ⁇ -KG, whereas has the ability of catalyzing the reaction of ⁇ -KG to ⁇ -hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG) .
  • 2-HG can competitively inhibit the activity of many ⁇ -KG dependent enzymes (for example: histone demethylase and methylcytosine hydroxylase of the TET family, and the like) when it accumulates to a certain extent, and thus effects the demethylation of histones and DNA, interferes with normal cell differentiation, and results in the proliferation of immature cells.
  • ⁇ -KG dependent enzymes for example: histone demethylase and methylcytosine hydroxylase of the TET family, and the like
  • AML Acute myeloid leukemia
  • New IDH mutant inhibitors are needed to be developed to meet the need for treatment of patients with hematological tumors, especially acute myeloid leukemia, gliomas and other IDH mutation associated tumors.
  • the present invention addresses these needs.
  • the present invention provides a compound of formula (I) :
  • compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and optionally comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier) .
  • pharmaceutically acceptable excipient e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
  • Also provided is a method of treating a disease induced by IDH mutation comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of at least one compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • at least one compound of formula (I) e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • At least one compound of formula (I) e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for treating a disease induced by IDH mutation.
  • at least one compound of formula (I) e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease induced by IDH mutation.
  • FIG 1 shows the general synthetic route I for preparation of the compounds described herein.
  • FIG. 2 shows the general synthetic route II for preparation of the compounds described herein.
  • FIG. 3 shows the general synthetic route III for preparation of the compounds described herein.
  • FIG. 4 shows the general synthetic route IV for preparation of the compounds described herein.
  • FIG. 5 shows the general synthetic route V for preparation of the compounds described herein.
  • FIG. 6 shows the general synthetic route VI for preparation of the compounds described herein.
  • a dash ( “-” ) that is not between two letters or symbols is used to indicate a point of attachment for a substituent.
  • -OR 4 is attached through the oxygen.
  • the point of attachment of a group is apparent to those skilled in the art, e.g., a halo substituent, the "-" sign may be omitted.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched saturated hydrocarbon radical containing 1-18 carbon atoms, preferably 1-10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1-6 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 1-4 carbon atoms.
  • C 1-6 alkyl refers to an alkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms.
  • alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl ( “Me” ) , ethyl ( “Et” ) , n-propyl ( “n-Pr” ) , i-propyl ( “i-Pr” ) , n-butyl ( “n-Bu” ) , i-butyl ( “i-Bu” ) , s-butyl ( “s-Bu” ) and t-butyl ( “t-Bu” ) .
  • C 2-6 alkenyl refers to an alkenyl containg 2-6 carbon atoms.
  • alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, 2-propenyl, and 2-butenyl. The point of attachment for the alkenyl can be on or not on the double bonds.
  • alkynyl refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon radical containing one or more, for example 1, 2, or 3, carbon-carbon triple bonds (C ⁇ C) and 2-10 carbon atoms, preferably 2-6 cabon atoms, more preferably 2-4 carbon atoms.
  • C 2-6 alkynyl refers to an alkynyl containing 2-6 carbon atoms.
  • alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, 2-propynyl, and 2-butynyl. The point of attachment for the alkynyl can be on or not on the triple bonds.
  • halogen or “halo” as used herein means fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo, preferably fluoro, chloro and bromo, more preferably fluoro and chloro.
  • haloalkyl refers to an alkyl radical, as defined herein, in which one or more, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atom, and when more than one hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms, the halogen atoms may be the same or different from each other.
  • the term “haloalkyl” as used herein refers to an alkyl radical, as defined herein, in which two or more, such as 2, 3, 4, or 5 hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms, wherein the halogen atoms are identical to each other.
  • haloalkyl refers to an alkyl radical, as defined herein, in which two or more hydrogen atoms, such as 2, 3, 4, or 5 hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms, wherein the halogen atoms are different from each other.
  • haloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, -CF 3 , -CHF 2 , -CH 2 CF 3 , and the like.
  • alkoxy refers to the group –O-alkyl, wherein the alkyl is as defined above.
  • alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, C 1-6 alkoxy, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, i-propyloxy, n-butyloxy, i-butyloxy, t-butyloxy, pentyloxy, and hexyloxy, including their isomers.
  • cycloalkyl refers to saturated or partially unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical having 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms, such as 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms, 5-7 ring carbon atoms, 4-7 ring carbon atoms or 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms, which may have one or more rings, such as 1, 2, or 3 rings, preferably 1 or 2 rings.
  • C 3-12 cycloalkyl refers to a cycloalkyl containing 3-12 carbon atoms in the ring.
  • Cycloalkyl also includes a fused or bridged ring, or a spirocyclic ring.
  • the rings of the cycle group may be saturated or has one or more, for example, one or two double bonds (i.e. partially unsaturated) , but not fully conjugated, and not an aryl as defined herein.
  • cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo [4.1.0] heptyl, bicyclo [3.1.1] heptyl, spiro [3.3] heptyl, spiro [2.2] pentyl, cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, and bicyclo [3.1.1] hepta-2-ene.
  • heterocycle refers to monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic saturated or partially unsaturated cyclic radicals having 3-12 ring atoms, such as 3-8 ring atoms, 5-7 ring atoms, 4-7 ring atoms or 3-6 ring atoms, and containing one or more, for example 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently chosen from N, O and S in the rings, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon.
  • the heterocycle group also includes those wherein the N or S heteroatom are optionally oxidized to various oxidation states.
  • the point of attachment of heterocyclyl can be on the N heteroatom or carbon.
  • “3-8 membered heterocycly” refers to a heterocyclyl containing 3-8 ring atoms and containing at least one heteroatom independently chosen from N, O and S.
  • the heterocycle group also includes a fused or bridged ring, or a spirocyclic ring, wherein, at least one ring contains at least one heteroatom chosen from O, S, and N and none of the other rings is aryl or heteroaryl as defined herein.
  • the rings of the heterocycle group may be saturated or has one or more, for example, one or two double bonds (i.e. partially unsaturated) , but not fully conjugated, and not a heteroaryl as defined herein.
  • heterocycly groups include, but are not limited to, oxetanyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, dioxolaneyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, and oxaspiro [3.3] heptanyl.
  • aryl refers to carbocyclic hydrocarbon radical of 6 to 14 carbon atoms consisting of one ring or more fused rings, wherein at least one ring is an aromatic ring.
  • aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthalenyl, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, indenyl, indanyl, azulenyl, preferably phenyl and naphthalenyl.
  • heteroaryl refers to:
  • bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 8-12 ring atoms, preferably having 9 or 10 ring atoms, and containing one or more, for example, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms independently chosen from N, O, and S (preferably N) in the rings, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon, wherein at least one of the rings is aromatic.
  • the bicyclic heteroaryl includes a 5-to 6-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring fused to a 5-to 6-membered cycloalkyl ring.
  • the heteroaryl group also includes those wherein the N heteroatom occurs as N-oxide, such as pyridyl N-oxides.
  • heteroaryl group examples include, but are not limited to, pyridyl, pyridyl N-oxide, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazolyl, thienyl, furyl, pyranyl, pyrrolyl, pyridazinyl, benzodioxolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, imidazopyridyl (such as imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridyl) , pyrrolopyridyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl (such as pyrazolo [1, 5-a]
  • Haldroxyl refers to the —OH radical.
  • a structure herein contains an asterisk “*” , it means that the chiral center of the compound marked by “*” is in either R-configuration or S-configuration, and the content of the compound with single configuration marked by “*” is at least 90% (e.g., 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.9%, 100%, or any value between those enumerated values) .
  • the configuration of the compounds can be determined using a variety of analytical techniques, for example single crystal X-ray crystallography and/or optical polarimetry according to routine protocols by those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • optionally substituted alkyl encompasses both “unsubstituted alkyl” and “substituted alkyl” as defined herein. It will be understood by those skilled in the art, with respect to any group containing one or more substituents, that such groups are not intended to introduce any substitution or substitution patterns that are sterically impractical, chemically incorrect, synthetically non-feasible and/or inherently unstable.
  • 2 hydrogens on a single atom are replaced by the oxo.
  • substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in a chemically correct and stable compound.
  • a chemically correct and stable compound is meant to imply a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive sufficient isolation from a reaction mixture to be able to identify the chemical structure of the compound, and also sufficiently robust to allow subsequent formulation as an agent having at least one practical utility.
  • substituents are named into the core structure. For example, it is to be understood that when (cycloalkyl) alkyl is listed as a possible substituent, the point of attachment of this substituent to the core structure is in the alkyl portion.
  • substituted with one or more substitutents means that one or more hydrogens on the designated atom or group are independently replaced with one or more selections from the indicated group of substituents.
  • substituted with one or more substitutents means that the designated atom or group is substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 substitutents independently chosen from the indicated group of substituents.
  • POSITA POSITA
  • some of the compounds of formula (I) may contain one or more chiral centers and therefore exist in two or more stereoisomeric forms.
  • the racemates of these isomers, the individual isomers and mixtures enriched in one enantiomer, as well as diastereomers when there are two chiral centers, and mixtures partially enriched with specific diastereomers are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention includes all the individual stereoisomers (e.g. enantiomers) , racemic mixtures or partially resolved mixtures of the compounds of formula (I) and, where appropriate, the individual tautomeric forms thereof.
  • the present invention provides compounds of various stereoisomeric purities, i.e., diastereomeric or enantiomeric purity expressed as various "ee” or "de” Values.
  • the compound of formula (I) e.g., as described herein
  • has an enantiomeric purity of at least 60%ee e.g., 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.9%ee, or any value between those enumerated values.
  • the compound of formula (I) (e.g., as described herein) has an enantiomeric purity of greater than 99.9%ee, extending up to 100%ee. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (I) (e.g., as described herein) has a diastereomeric purity of at least 60%de (e.g., 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.9%de, or any value between those enumerated values) . In some embodiments, the compound of formula (I) (e.g., as described herein) has a diastereomeric purity of greater than 99.9%de.
  • enantiomeric excess designates how much of one enantiomer is present compared to the other.
  • the percent enantiomeric excess is defined as ( [a] obs/ [a] max) *100, where [a] obs is the optical rotation of the mixture of enantiomers and [a] max is the optical rotation of the pure enantiomer.
  • diastereomeric excess designates how much of one diastereomer is present compared to the other and is defined by analogy to enantiomeric excess.
  • diastereomeric and/or enantiomeric excess can be accomplished using a variety of analytical techniques, including NMR spectroscopy, chiral column chromatography and/or optical polarimetry according to routine protocols familiar to to those skilled in the art.
  • racemates can be used as such or can be resolved into their individual isomers.
  • the resolution can afford stereochemically pure compounds or mixtures enriched in one or more isomers.
  • Methods for separation of isomers are well known (cf. Allinger N.L. and Eliel E.L. in "Topics in Stereochemistry” , Vol. 6, Wiley Interscience, 1971) and include physical methods such as chromatography using a chiral adsorbent.
  • Individual isomers can be prepared in chiral form from chiral precursors.
  • individual isomers can be separated chemically from a mixture by forming diastereomeric salts with a chiral acid, such as the individual enantiomers of 10-camphorsulfonic acid, camphoric acid, alpha-bromocamphoric acid, tartaric acid, diacetyltartaric acid, malic acid, pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, and the like, fractionally crystallizing the salts, and then freeing one or both of the resolved bases, optionally repeating the process, so as obtain either or both substantially free of the other; i.e., in a form having an optical purity of, for example, at least 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%or 99.5%by weight of the desired stereoisomer.
  • a chiral acid such as the individual enantiomers of 10-camphorsulfonic acid, camphoric acid, alpha-bromocamphoric acid, tartaric acid, diace
  • racemates can be covalently linked to a chiral compound (auxiliary) to produce diastereomers which can be separated by chromatography or by fractional crystallization after which time the chiral auxiliary is chemically removed to afford the pure enantiomers, as is known to the POSITA.
  • auxiliary chiral compound
  • tautomer refers to constitutional isomers of compounds generated by rapid movement of an atom in two positions in a molecule. Tautomers readily interconvert into each other, e.g., enol form and ketone form are tipical tautomers.
  • some compounds disclosed herein can exist in the forms of a, b, c, d, e, f, etc., as shown in the figure below, i.e., compounds in the forms of a, b, c, d, e, f are possible the tautomers of the compound of Formula (I) .
  • the signle tautomer and the mixture of these tautomers in any ratio are all included in the compounds described herein.
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is intended to mean a salt of a free acid or base of a compound of Formula (I) that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, or otherwise biologically suitable for administration to the subject.
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is intended to mean a salt of a free acid or base of a compound of Formula (I) that is non-toxic, biologically tolerable, or otherwise biologically suitable for administration to the subject.
  • the free base can be obtained by basifying a solution of the acid addition salt.
  • an acid addition salt particularly a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt, may be produced by dissolving the free base in a suitable solvent and treating the solution with an acid, in accordance with conventional procedures for preparing acid addition salts from base compounds.
  • the POSITA will recognize various synthetic methodologies that may be used without undue experimentation to prepare non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
  • solvates means solvent addition forms that contain either stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts of solvent. Some compounds have a tendency to trap a fixed molar ratio of solvent molecules in the solid state, thus forming a solvate. If the solvent is water, the solvate formed is a hydrate, when the solvent is alcohol, the solvate formed is an alcoholate. Hydrates are formed by the combination of one or more molecules of water with one molecule of the substances in which the water retains its molecular state as H 2 O, such combination being able to form one or more hydrates, for example, hemihydrates, monohydrate, and dihydrate, as well as variable hydrates.
  • an “active ingredient” is used to indicate a chemical substance which has biological activity.
  • an “active ingredient” is a chemical substance having pharmaceutical utility.
  • practical pharmaceutical activity can be established by appropriate pre-clinical assays, whether in vitro or in vivo. Pharmaceutical activity sufficient to be accepted by a regulatory agency, such as FDA in the U.S., is a higher standard than the pre-clinical assay. Such a higher standard of pharmaceutical activity, the success of which cannot generally be reasonably expected from the pre-clinical results, can be established by appropriate and successful randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trials in humans.
  • treating refers to administering one or more pharmaceutical substances, especially a compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein to a subject that has the disease or disorder, or has a symptom of a disease or disorder, or has a predisposition toward a disease or disorder, with the purpose to cure, heal, alleviate, relieve, alter, remedy, ameliorate, improve, or affect the disease or disorder, the symptoms of the disease or disorder, or the predisposition toward the disease or disorder.
  • the disease or disorder is cancer.
  • treating in the context of a chemical reaction, mean adding or mixing two or more reagents under appropriate conditions to produce the indicated and/or the desired product. It should be appreciated that the reaction which produces the indicated and/or the desired product may not necessarily result directly from the combination of two reagents which were initially added, i.e., there may be one or more intermediates which are produced in the mixture which ultimately lead to the formation of the indicated and/or the desired product.
  • effective amount refers to an amount or dose of an IDH mutation inhibiting agent sufficient to generally bring about a therapeutic benefit in patients in need of treatment for a disease or disorder induced by IDH mutation.
  • Effective amounts or doses of the active ingredient of the present disclosure may be ascertained by methods such as modeling, dose escalation studies or clinical trials, and by taking into consideration factors, e.g., the mode or route of administration or drug delivery, the pharmacokinetics of the agent, the severity and course of the disease or disorder, the subject's previous or ongoing therapy, the subject's health status and response to drugs, and the judgment of the attending physician. In the United States, the determination of effective doses is generally difficult to predict from preclinical trials. In fact, the dose is completely unpredictable and the dose will develop a new unpredictable dosing regimen after initial use in a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials.
  • An exemplary dose is in the range of from about 0.0001 to about 200 mg of active agent per kg of subject's body weight per day, such as from about 0.001 to 100 mg/kg/day, or about 0.01 to 35 mg/kg/day, or about 0.1 to 10 mg/kg daily in single or divided dosage units (e.g., BID, TID, QID) .
  • an illustrative range for a suitable dosage amount is from about 0.05 to about 7 g/day, or about 0.2 to about 5 g/day.
  • the dosage or the frequency of administration, or both may be reduced as a function of the symptoms, to a level at which the desired therapeutic effect is maintained.
  • treatment may cease. Patients may, however, require intermittent treatment on a long-term basis upon any recurrence of symptoms.
  • subject means mammals and non-mammals.
  • Mammals means any member of the mammalia class including, but not limited to, humans; non-human primates such as chimpanzees and other apes and monkey species; farm animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and swine; domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs, and cats; laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice, and guinea pigs; and the like.
  • non-mammals include, but are not limited to, birds, and the like.
  • the term “subject” does not denote a particular age or sex. In some embodiments, the subject is a human.
  • A is chosen from wherein, R 7 is chosen from H, halo, -CN, -OH, or -NH 2 ; R 8 is chosen from halo, -CN, -OH, or –NH 2 ; q is 1 or 2;
  • R 1 is chosen from H, -OH, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxyl, -NH 2 , -NH (C 1-4 alkyl) , -N (C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , oxo, or C 3-8 cycloalkyl;
  • each of R 2 is independently chosen from H, deuterium, halo, -OH, -NH 2 , -CN, -SH, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, oxo, -OR 5 , -OCOR 5 , -NHR 5 , -N (R 5 ) (C 1-4 alkyl) , -COR 5 , -NHCOR 5 , or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl; in which each of said C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from deuterium, halo, -CN, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , -NH (C 1-4 alkyl) , -N (C
  • R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 and R 4 ’ are independently chosen from H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, -C (O) R 5 , -OR 5 , or -NHR 5 , in which each of said C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-12 membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R 6 ; wherein R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 and R 4 ’are not H simultaneously; provided that when one of R 3 and R 4 is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl, the other one is -OR 5 or -NHR 5 ;
  • R 3 and R 3 ’ are independently chosen from H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, -C (O) R 5 , -OR 5 , or -NHR 5 , in which each of said C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-12 membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R 6 ; R 4 and R 4 ’together with the N atom they are attached to form a 3-8 membered heterocyclic ring optionally substituted by one or more R 6 ;
  • R 5 is chosen from C 1-6 alkyl or C 3-8 cycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently chosen from halo, -CN, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , or C 1-6 alkoxyl;
  • each of R 6 is independently chosen from deuterium, halo, -CN, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-6 membered heteroaryl, in which each of said C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-6 membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more groups independently chosen from halo, -CN, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkynyl, or C 1-6 alkyl;
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6;
  • n 0, 1, or 2.
  • R 1 is chosen from H, -OH or halo.
  • R 1 is chosen from –OH or halo.
  • R 1 is -OH.
  • R 1 is halo chosed from F, Cl, or Br. In some embodiments of the compound of formula (I) , R 1 is F.
  • the two R 2 which attach to the same carbon atom, together with the carbon atom they are attached to form a 3-5 membered cycloalkyl optionally substituted by one or more F.
  • the two R 2 which attach to the same carbon atom, together with the carbon atom they are attached to form a cyclopropyl.
  • each of R 2 is independently chosen from H, deuterium, halo, -OH, -NH 2 , -CN, -SH, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, oxo, -OR 5 , -OCOR 5 , -NHR 5 , -N (R 5 ) (C 1-4 alkyl) , -NHCOR 5 , or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl.
  • each of R 2 is independently chosen from H, deuterium, halo, -OH, -NH 2 , -CN, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, oxo, -OR 5 , -NHR 5 , or -N (R 5 ) (C 1-4 alkyl) .
  • each of R 2 is independently chosen from H, deuterium, halo, C 1-6 alkyl, or C 1-6 haloalkyl.
  • each of R 2 is independently chosen from halo, such as F, Cl, or Br.
  • R 2 is F.
  • m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
  • m is 0, 1, or 2.
  • m is 1. In some embodiments of the compound of formula (I) , m is 2. In some embodiments of the compound of formula (I) , m is 3. In some embodiments of the compound of formula (I) , m is 4.
  • R 3 and R 4 are independently chosen from C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, -C (O) R 5 , -OR 5 , or -NHR 5 , in which each of said C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-12 membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more R 6 ; R 3 ’and R 4 ’are independently chosen from H or C 1-6 alkyl.
  • R 3 ’and R 4 ’ are both H.
  • R 3 and R 4 are independently chosen from C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, or 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more R 6 ; R 3 ’and R 4 ’are both H.
  • R 3 and R 4 are independently chosen from C 1-6 alkyl substituted with one ore more halo, 5-12 membered heteroaryl substituted with C 1-6 haloalkyl, or -OR 5 ; R 3 ’and R 4 ’are both H.
  • R 3 and R 4 are independently chosen from C 1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halo; R 3 ’and R 4 ’are both H.
  • R 3 is 5-12 membered heteroaryl substituted with C 1-6 haloalkyl
  • R 4 is C 1-6 alkoxyl
  • R 3 is 5-7 heteroaryl substituted with CF 3
  • R 4 is C 1-6 alkoxyl
  • R 3 is chosen from H, C 1-6 alkyl optionally substituted by C 1-6 haloalkyl, or 5-12 membered heteroaryl optionally substituted by C 1-6 haloalkyl; R 3 ’is H; R 4 and R 4 ’together with the N atom they are attached to form a 3-8 membered heterocyclic ring optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from halo, -OH, or C 1-6 haloalkyl.
  • R 5 is C 1-6 alkyl or C 3-8 cycloalkyl.
  • R 5 is C 1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halo.
  • each of R 6 is independently chosen from deuterium, halo, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-6 membered heteroaryl, in which each of said C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-6 membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more halo.
  • each of R 6 is independently chosen from deuterium, halo, -OH, C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, phenyl, or 5-6 membered heteroaryl.
  • each of R 6 is independently chosen from deuterium, halo, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkoxyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, or C 3-8 cycloalkyl.
  • each of R 6 is independently chosen from deuterium, halo, or C 1-6 haloalkyl.
  • n 1
  • R 7 and R 8 are independently chosen from halo or -CN.
  • R 7 and R 8 are independently chosen from F or -CN.
  • the compound of formula (I) is chosen from
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) .
  • formula (I) is formula (I-1) , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ,
  • formula (I) is formula (I-1a) , wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ,
  • formula (I) is formula (I-1b) , wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ,
  • formula (I) is formula (II) , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, n and A are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2,
  • X is F
  • R 1 is F
  • R 1 is -OH.
  • p is 0.
  • p is 1.
  • p is 2.
  • formula (II) is chosen from
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2.
  • formula (II) is formula (II-1) , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2,
  • formula (II) is formula (II-1a) , wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2,
  • formula (II) is formula (II-1b) , wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2,
  • X is F.
  • R 1 is F.
  • R 1 is -OH.
  • p is 1.
  • p is 2.
  • formula (I) is formula (III) , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, n and A are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2;
  • v is 0, 1, or 2
  • X is F
  • R 1 is F
  • R 1 is -OH.
  • p 0.
  • p is 1.
  • p is 2.
  • v is 0.
  • v is 1.
  • v is 2.
  • formula (III) is chosen from
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2;
  • v is 0, 1, or 2.
  • formula (III) is formula (III-1) , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • X is halo;
  • p is 0, 1, or 2;
  • m is 0, 1, or 2;
  • v is 0, 1, or 2
  • X is F.
  • R 1 is F.
  • R 1 is -OH.
  • p is 1.
  • p is 2.
  • v is 1.
  • v is 2.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and optionally comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier) .
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
  • a method of treating a disease induced by IDH mutation in a subject comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an amount of a compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof effective to inhibit the increase of ⁇ -hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG) induced by IDH mutation in said subject.
  • a compound of formula (I) e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof effective to inhibit the increase of ⁇ -hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG) induced by IDH mutation in said subject.
  • a method of treating a disease induced by IDH mutation in a subject comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier) effective to inhibit the increase of ⁇ -hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG) induced by IDH mutation in said subject.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier) effective to inhibit the increase of ⁇ -hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG) induced by IDH mutation in said subject.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one pharmaceutical
  • a compound of formula (I) e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein for treating a disease induced by IDH mutation by inhibiting the increase of ⁇ -hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG) induced by IDH mutation in a subject.
  • a compound of formula (I) e.g., any of the compounds described herein
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease induced by IDH mutation.
  • the IDH mutation is IDH1 gene mutation.
  • the IDH mutation is IDH2 gene mutation.
  • the IDH mutation is IDH1-R132H or IDH2-R140Q gene mutation.
  • the disease induced by IDH mutation is cancer.
  • the cancer is chosen from solid cancer, neurogliocytoma, or hematological malignant tumor, such as leukemia, lymphoma, or myeloma.
  • the cancer is chosen from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) , glioblastoma (GBM) , myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , myeloproliterative neoplasms (MPN) , cholangiocarcinoma, such as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) , chondrosarcoma, giant cell tumor, intestinal cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) .
  • AML acute myeloid leukemia
  • APL acute promyelocytic leukemia
  • GBM glioblastoma
  • MDS myelodysplastic syndrome
  • MPN myeloproliterative neoplasms
  • cholangiocarcinoma such as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) , chondrosarcoma
  • a compound of formula (IV) and/or a salt thereof, and/or racemic mixtures or enantiomers thereof which can be used in the mamufacutre of compounds of formula (I) (e.g., any of the compounds described herein) ,
  • R 1 , R 2 , m and n are as defined in the compound of formula (I) ;
  • R a is chosen from halo, -OS (O) 2 CF 3 , -B (OH) 2 , -B (OC 1-6 alkyl) 2 ,
  • R b is H or C 1-6 alkyl.
  • R a is chosen from -B (OH) 2 , -B (OC 1-6 alkyl) 2 , R b is H or C 1-6 alkyl.
  • R a is chosen from -B (OH) 2 , -B (OCH 3 ) 2 , -B [OCH (CH 3 ) 2 ] 2 ,
  • formula (IV) is formula (IV-1) , wherein m is 0, 1, or 2;
  • formula (IV) is formula (IV-2) , wherein X is halo; m is 0, 1, or 2;
  • formula (IV) is formula (IV-3) , wherein X is halo; p is 0, 1, or 2; m is 0, 1, or 2;
  • R 1 is –OH or oxo.
  • X is F
  • p is 0.
  • p is 1.
  • p is 2.
  • the compound of formula (IV) is chosen from
  • the compound of formula (IV) is chosen from
  • substitution reaction of 2, 4, 6-trichloro-1, 3, 5-triazine with an amine substituted with R 3 and R 3 ’ provides compound of formula 1-1.
  • substitution reaction of the compound of formula 1-1 with an amine substituted with R 4 and R 4 ’ provides compound of formula 1-2.
  • Suzuki coupling reaction of compound of formula 1-2 with an intermediate represented by formula (IV) under the catalysis of a suitable palladium reagent gives a compound of formula (I-1) as described herein, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, Ra, m, and n are as defined herein.
  • the Pd-catalyzed C-C coupling reaction can be carried out under suitable conditions, and the solvent used can be selected from polar solvents such as 1, 4-dioxane, DMF, THF, a mixture of 1, 4-dioxane and water and the like, the base used can be selected from Cs 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 3 PO 4 and the like, and the catalyst used can be selected from Pd (dppf) Cl 2 ⁇ CH 2 Cl 2 , Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd (OAc) 2 and the like.
  • the solvent used can be selected from polar solvents such as 1, 4-dioxane, DMF, THF, a mixture of 1, 4-dioxane and water and the like
  • the base used can be selected from Cs 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 3 PO 4 and the like
  • the catalyst used can be selected from Pd (dppf) Cl 2 ⁇ CH 2 Cl 2 , Pd (PPh 3
  • Suzuki coupling reaction of compound of formula 1-1 with an intermediate represented by formula (IV) under the catalysis of a suitable palladium reagent affords compound of formula 2-1.
  • Substitution reaction of compound of formula 2-1 with an amine substituted with R 4 and R 4 ’ gives a compound of formula (I-1) as described herein, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 3 ’, R 4 , R 4 ’, Ra, m, and n are as defined herein.
  • Suzuki coupling reaction of compound of formula 1-2 with an intermediate represented byformula (IV-1) under the catalysis of a suitable palladium reagent provides compound of formula 3-1.
  • the Pd-catalyzed C-C coupling reaction can be carried out under suitable conditions, and the solvent used can be selected from polar solvents such as 1, 4-dioxane, DMF, THF, a mixture of 1, 4-dioxane and water and the like, the base used can be selected from Cs 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 3 PO 4 and the like, and the catalyst used can be selected from Pd (dppf) Cl 2 ⁇ CH 2 Cl 2 , Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd (OAc) 2 and the like.
  • Reduction of compound of formula 3-1 provides compound of formula (I-1a) as described herein.
  • Suzuki coupling reaction of compound of formula 1-1 with an intermediate represented by formula (IV-1) under the catalysis of a suitable palladium reagent affords compound of formula 4-1.
  • Reduction of Compound of formula 4-1 provides compound of formula 4-2.
  • Substitution reaction of compound of formula 4-2 with an amine substituted with R 4 and R 4 ’ gives a compound of formula (I-1a) as described herein.
  • Suzuki coupling reaction of compound of formula 1-2 with an intermediate represented by formula (IV-2) under the catalysis of a suitable palladium reagent provides compound of formula 5-1.
  • Halogenation of compound of formula 5-1 using a halogenating reagent such as NFSI and the like, in presence of a base such as LiHMDS, KHMDS, LDA and the like, and in suitable polar solvents such as THF, DCM and the like results in compound of formula 5-2.
  • Reduction of compound of formula 5-2 provides compound of formula (II-1a) as described herein.
  • the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein can be purified by column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, crystallization or other suitable methods.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprises: (a) an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein; and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier) .
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to a carrier that is compatible with active ingredients of the composition (and in some embodiments, capable of stabilizing the active ingredients) and not deleterious to the subject to be treated.
  • solubilizing agents such as cyclodextrins (which form specific, more soluble complexes with the the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein)
  • examples of other carriers include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, and pigments such as D&C Yellow #10. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are disclosed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, A. Osol, a standard reference text in the art.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of those described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein can be administered in various known manners, such as orally, topically, rectally, parenterally, by inhalation spray, or via an implanted reservoir.
  • parenteral as used herein includes subcutaneous, intracutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarticular, intraarterial, intrasynovial, intrasternal, intrathecal, intralesional and intracranial injection or infusion techniques.
  • a pharmaceutical composition described herein can be prepared in the form of tablet, capsule, sachet, dragee, powder, granule, lozenge, powder for reconstitution, liquid preparation, or suppository.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is formulated for intravenous infusion, topical administration, or oral administration.
  • An oral composition can be any orally acceptable dosage form including, but not limited to, tablets, capsules, emulsions, and aqueous suspensions, dispersions and solutions.
  • Commonly used carriers for tablets include lactose and corn starch.
  • Lubricating agents, such as magnesium stearate, are also typically added to tablets.
  • useful diluents include lactose and dried corn starch.
  • the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be present in an amount of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mg in a tablet. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be present in an amount of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mg in a capsule.
  • a sterile injectable composition e.g., aqueous or oleaginous suspension
  • a sterile injectable composition can be formulated according to techniques known in the art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents (such as, for example, Tween 80) and suspending agents.
  • the sterile injectable Intermediate can also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example, as a solution in 1, 3-butanediol.
  • suitable dispersing or wetting agents such as, for example, Tween 80
  • the sterile injectable Intermediate can also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example, as a solution in 1, 3-butanediol.
  • a non-toxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent for example, as a solution in 1, 3-butanediol.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles and solvents that can
  • sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium (e.g., synthetic mono-or di-glycerides) .
  • Fatty acids such as oleic acid and its glyceride derivatives are useful in the Intermediate of injectables, as are natural pharmaceutically-acceptable oils, such as olive oil or castor oil, especially in their polyoxyethylated versions.
  • These oil solutions or suspensions can also contain a long-chain alcohol diluent or dispersant, or carboxymethyl cellulose or similar dispersing agents.
  • An inhalation composition can be prepared according to techniques well known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation and can be prepared as solutions in saline, employing benzyl alcohol or other suitable preservatives, absorption promoters to enhance bioavailability, fluorocarbons, and/or other solubilizing or dispersing agents known in the art.
  • a topical composition can be formulated in form of oil, cream, lotion, ointment, and the like.
  • suitable carriers for the composition include vegetable or mineral oils, white petrolatum (white soft paraffin) , branched chain fats or oils, animal fats and high molecular weight alcohols (greater than C12) .
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is one in which the active ingredient is soluble.
  • Emulsifiers, stabilizers, humectants and antioxidants may also be included as well as agents imparting color or fragrance, if desired.
  • transdermal penetration enhancers may be employed in those topical formulations. Examples of such enhancers can be found in U.S. Patents 3,989,816 and 4,444,762.
  • Creams may be formulated from a mixture of mineral oil, self-emulsifying beeswax and water in which mixture the active ingredient, dissolved in a small amount of an oil, such as almond oil, is admixed.
  • An example of such a cream is one which includes, by weight, about 40 parts water, about 20 parts beeswax, about 40 parts mineral oil and about 1 part almond oil.
  • Ointments may be formulated by mixing a solution of the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, such as almond oil, with warm soft paraffin and allowing the mixture to cool.
  • An example of such an ointment is one which includes about 30%by weight almond oil and about 70%by weight white soft paraffin.
  • Suitable in vitro assays can be used to evaluate the practical utility of the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein, in inhibiting the IDH mutation.
  • the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein can further be examined for additional practical utility in treating cancer by in vivo assays.
  • the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein can be administered to an animal (e.g., a mouse model) having cancer and its therapeutic effects can be accessed. If the pre-clinical results are successful, the dosage range and administration route for animals, such as humans, can be projected.
  • the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein can be shown to have sufficient pre-clinical practical utility to merit clinical trials hoped to demonstrate a beneficial therapeutic or prophylactic effect, for example, in subjects with cancer.
  • cancer refers to a cellular disorder characterized by uncontrolled or disregulated cell proliferation, decreased cellular differentiation, inappropriate ability to invade surrounding tissue, and/or ability to establish new growth at ectopic sites.
  • cancer includes, but is not limited to, solid tumors and hematologic malignancies.
  • cancer encompasses diseases of skin, tissues, organs, bone, cartilage, blood, and vessels.
  • cancer further encompasses primary and metastatic cancers.
  • Non-limiting examples of solid tumors include pancreatic cancer; bladder cancer; colorectal cancer; breast cancer, including metastatic breast cancer; prostate cancer, including androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer; renal cancer, including, e.g., metastatic renal cell carcinoma; hepatocellular cancer; lung cancer, including, e.g., non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) , bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) , and adenocarcinoma of the lung; ovarian cancer, including, e.g., progressive epithelial or primary peritoneal cancer; cervical cancer; gastric cancer; esophageal cancer; head and neck cancer, including, e.g., squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; skin cancer, including e.g., malignant melanoma; neuroendocrine cancer, including metastatic neuroendocrine tumors; brain tumors, including, e.g., glioma, anaplastic oligodendrogliom
  • Non-limiting examples of hematologic malignancies include acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ; chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) , including accelerated CML and CML blast phase (CML-BP) ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ; chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) ; Hodgkin's lymphoma; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) , including follicular lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma; B-cell lymphoma; T-cell lymphoma; multiple myeloma (MM) ; Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia; myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) , including refractory anemia (RA) , refractory anemia with ringed siderblasts (RARS) , refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) , and RAEB in transformation (RAEB-T) ; and mye
  • exemplary hematologic malignancies include leukemia, such as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) , acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) ; multiple myeloma (MM) ; and lymphoma, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) , mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) , follicular lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) .
  • ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • AML acute myeloid leukemia
  • CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • CML chronic myelogenous leukemia
  • MM multiple myeloma
  • lymphoma such as Hodgkin's lymph
  • the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt described herein can be used to achieve a beneficial therapeutic or prophylactic effect, for example, in subjects with cancer.
  • the compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of those described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein may be used in combination with additional active ingredients in the treatment of cancer.
  • the additional active ingredients may be coadministered separately with the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein or included with such an ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition according to the disclosure, such as a fixed-dose combination drug product.
  • additional active ingredients are those that are known or discovered to be effective in the treatment of diseases induced by IDH mutation, such as another mutant IDH inhibitor or a compound active against another target associated with the particular disease.
  • the combination may serve to increase efficacy (e.g., by including in the combination a compound potentiating the potency or effectiveness of the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein) , decrease one or more side effects, or decrease the required dose of the compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein.
  • the compound of formula (I) (e.g., any of those described herein) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof described herein is administered in conjunction with an anti-neoplastic agent.
  • an anti-neoplastic agent refers to any agent that is administered to a subject with cancer for purposes of treating the cancer.
  • Nonlimiting examples anti-neoplastic agents include: radiotherapy; immunotherapy; DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents; and chemotherapeutic agents that disrupt cell replication.
  • Non-limiting examples of DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents include topoisomerase I inhibitors (e.g., irinotecan, topotecan, camptothecin and analogs or metabolites thereof, and doxorubicin) ; topoisomerase II inhibitors (e.g., etoposide, teniposide, mitoxantrone, idarubicin, and daunorubicin) ; alkylating agents (e.g., melphalan, chlorambucil, busulfan, thiotepa, ifosfamide, carmustine, lomustine, semustine, streptozocin, decarbazine, methotrexate, mitomycin C, and cyclophosphamide) ; DNA intercalators (e.g., cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and carboplatin) ; DNA intercalators and free radical generators such as bleomycin; and nucleoside
  • Chemotherapeutic agents that disrupt cell replication include: paclitaxel, docetaxel, and related analogs; vincristine, vinblastin, and related analogs; thalidomide and related analogs (e.g., CC-5013 and CC-4047) ; protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., imatinib mesylate and gefitinib) ; proteasome inhibitors (e.g., bortezomib) ; NF-kappa B inhibitors, including inhibitors of I kappa B kinase; antibodies which bind to proteins overexpressed in cancers and thereby downregulate cell replication (e.g., trastuzumab, rituximab, cetuximab, and bevacizumab) ; and other inhibitors of proteins or enzymes known to be upregulated, over-expressed or activated in cancers, the inhibition of which downregulates cell replication.
  • the empty balence (s) is (are) the hydrogen atom (s) which is (are) omitted for convenience purpose.
  • LiHMDS lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide
  • the compound obtained from the first elution was named as Compound 230 and the compound obtained from the second elution was named as Compound 231.
  • Compounds 266 and 267 were prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1, using Compound 246 and NaBD 4 , purified by flash column chromatography (eluting with PE/EA) .
  • Compounds 268 and 269 were prepared according to the procedure of Compound 1, using Compound 247 and NaBD 4 , purified by flash column chromatography (eluting with PE/EA) .
  • Compound 280 was prepared according to the procedure of Compound 274, using Compound B19 and corresponding reagents. MS (m/z) : 358.1 [M+H] + ;
  • U87MGR140Q cells U87MG cells were purchased from ATCC cell bank and then transfected with plasmid containing IDH2-R140Q mutation, and monoclonal cells stably expressing the R140Q mutation were isolated for experiments. The cells were cultured in MEM medium containing 10%FBS.
  • 96-well plate c Greiner, Catalog No. 675076.
  • Enzyme reaction solution 1 mM nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) , 0.6 ng/ ⁇ L D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (D2HGDH) , 0.8 U/mL lipoamidase dehydrogenase (Diaphorase) and 60 ⁇ M Resazurin in 40 mM Tris. HCl pH 8.8 assay buffer.
  • NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
  • D2HGDH D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase
  • Diaphorase 0.8 U/mL lipoamidase dehydrogenase
  • Standard curve stock solution The standard of 2-HG sodium salt was serially diluted in serum-free MEM medium to make a standard curve stock solution.
  • the final gradient concentrations are: 500 ⁇ M, 167 ⁇ M, 56 ⁇ M, 18.5 ⁇ M, 6 ⁇ M, 2 ⁇ M, 0.7 ⁇ M, 0.2 ⁇ M.
  • test compound solution diluted in serum-free MEM (final concentration of test compound: 10 ⁇ M, 3.3 ⁇ M, 1.1 ⁇ M, 0.37 ⁇ M, 0.12 ⁇ M, 0.041 ⁇ M, 0.014 ⁇ M and 0.005 ⁇ M, final DMSO concentration is 0.5%) or 10 ⁇ L of control solution (serum-free MEM medium containing 0.5%DMSO in final concentration) was added and incubated for 72 hours.
  • the plate c was measured on Tecan Infinite F500 Reader instrument at 544 nm excitation and 590 nm emission. A standard curve of the fluorescence value vs. the corresponding 2-HG concentration was made, and the 2-HG concentration corresponding to each concentration point of the compound was calculated, then the inhibition ratio was calculated, and the data was analyzed using XLfit5 (ID Business Solutions Limited) software to obtain the IC 50 value.
  • the inhibition ratio was calculated as follows:
  • Inhibition Ratio (IH %) (1 -2-HG concentration of test compound treated cells /2-HG concentration of control cells) x 100%.
  • the 2-HG inhibitory activity of the compounds of the invention in U87MGR132H cells transfected with the IDH1-R132H mutant plasmid was determined according to the method of Example 3.
  • Male CD1 mouse liver microsomes was supplied by Research Institute for Liver Diseases (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. .
  • Male SD rat liver microsomes was supplied by BioreclamationIVT in US.
  • Phenacetin, glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) , glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Missouri, USA) .
  • test compound 10 mM stock solution of test compound: Certain amount of test compound was weighed and dissolved in certain volume of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to get the stock solution of test compound at 10 mM.
  • DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
  • Reaction termination solution Certain amount of phenacetin as internal standard was weighed and dissolved in acetonitrile to get the reaction termination solution at 1000 ng/mL, and stored at room temperature for use.
  • the stock solution of test compound was diluted to the designated concentration with organic solution (usually the mixtures of acetonitrile, methanol and water with different portions depending on the compound solution) to make the final concentration to be 1 ⁇ M and the contents of organic solvents no more than 1% (For DMSO, the controlled margin was 0.1%) in the final incubation system.
  • organic solution usually the mixtures of acetonitrile, methanol and water with different portions depending on the compound solution
  • 100 mM NADP, 500 mM G-6-P and 100 U/mL G-6-PDH were mixed and diluted with ultrapure water to provide the NADPH regenerating system containing 1 mM NADP, 5 mM G-6-P and 1U/mL G-6-PD, which was pre-incubated at 37 °C water-bath for 10 min and then cooled on ice until being added into the reaction system.
  • 20 mg/mL liver microsomes was mixed with 200 mM PBS and diluted with ultrapure water to make the concentrations of liver microsomes and PBS to be 0.5 mg/mL and 50 mM in the final incubation system, respectively.
  • the concentration of test compound was determined using LC-MS/MS method. Using the peak area ratio of the compound and the internal standard as an index, the percentage of remaining compound after incubation for 30 minutes as compared with the 0 minute sample was calculated, and the metabolic stability of the compound was evaluated.
  • the compounds of the invention showed good metabolic stability.
  • the metabolic stability of some exemplary compounds of the invention is as follows:
  • Sample standard solution About 3-5 mg test compound was accurately weighed and added into a 5 mL sample tube, 5 mL DMSO was added. Shaking and sonicating for 1 hour.
  • pH 2.1 sample solution About 1mg test compound was accurately weighed and added into a 1 mL sample tube, 1 mL pH 2.1 sodium phosphate buffer was added. Shaking. Adding test compound to the solution, if the solution is visually clear, till there is obvious insoluble in the solution. Sonicating for 1 hour.
  • pH 7.4 sample solution About 1mg test compound was accurately weighed and added into a 1 mL sample tube, 1 mL pH 7.4 sodium phosphate buffer was added. Shaking. Adding test compound to the solution, if the solution is visually clear, till there is obvious insoluble in the solution. Sonicating for 1 hour.
  • 0.5 mL pH 2.1 sample solution was filtered by syringe filter and was accurately pipetted into a HPLC tube, and 0.5 mL pH 2.1 sodium phosphate buffer was accurately added. Shaking. The peak area was determined by HPLC.
  • 0.5 mL pH 7.4 sample solution was filtered by syringe filter and was accurately pipetted into a HPLC tube, and 0.5 mL pH 7.4 sodium phosphate buffer was accurately added. Shaking. The peak area was determined by HPLC.
  • Phase A Water (containing 0.1%formic acid)
  • A The concentration of the test compound in sample standard solution, mg/mL;
  • solubilities of some exemplary compounds of the invention are as follows:

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