WO2019041673A1 - 一种瓦固定装置及使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法 - Google Patents

一种瓦固定装置及使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019041673A1
WO2019041673A1 PCT/CN2017/117752 CN2017117752W WO2019041673A1 WO 2019041673 A1 WO2019041673 A1 WO 2019041673A1 CN 2017117752 W CN2017117752 W CN 2017117752W WO 2019041673 A1 WO2019041673 A1 WO 2019041673A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tile
slider
chute
fixing device
fixed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/117752
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张连彬
张大鹏
张红瑞
田波
Original Assignee
北京汉能光伏投资有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京汉能光伏投资有限公司 filed Critical 北京汉能光伏投资有限公司
Priority to US15/740,899 priority Critical patent/US20200181909A1/en
Priority to AU2017279837A priority patent/AU2017279837A1/en
Publication of WO2019041673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019041673A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • E04D12/004—Battens
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3408—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastener type or material
    • E04D2001/3423—Nails, rivets, staples or straps piercing or perforating the roof covering material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3408—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastener type or material
    • E04D2001/3426—Threaded elements, e.g. screws or bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3408—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastener type or material
    • E04D2001/3438—Fasteners comprising several coacting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3452—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means
    • E04D2001/3458—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means on the upper or lower transverse edges of the roof covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3452—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means
    • E04D2001/3467—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means through apertures, holes or slots
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/347—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastening pattern
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/347—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastening pattern
    • E04D2001/3473—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastening pattern fastening single roof elements to the roof structure with or without indirect clamping of neighbouring roof covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3488—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3488—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened
    • E04D2001/3494—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened made of rigid material having a flat external surface

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of tile mounting technology, and in particular, to a tile fixing device and a method for removing a tile fixed using the tile fixing device.
  • the tile is fixed on the building by means of lap joint, bonding or bolting.
  • the other tiles connected to the tile need to be removed together to be replaced.
  • the process of replacing the one tile without the need to remove other tiles is also inconvenient to operate.
  • photovoltaic tiles combined with solar modules and tiles on the market
  • the appearance of such tiles can be directly laid on the roof to solve the problem of user electricity consumption, achieving aesthetic and energy-saving effects, but the current photovoltaic tile disassembly is complicated. Because the bolt is used to directly fix the tile on the beam, and then one tile is pressed on the other tile, when a piece is damaged, all the photovoltaic tiles need to be removed to replace the damaged photovoltaic tile, so the maintenance and repair are very Big troubles.
  • the present invention provides a tile fixing device which is characterized by easy disassembly and easy maintenance.
  • a tile securing device for securing a tile to a building, comprising:
  • a connector at least a portion of the connector being disposed above the tile, and the connector being coupled to the slider to clamp the tile to at least a portion of the connector and the slider Between at least a part;
  • the fixed beam comprises a chute extending in a direction at an angle to a longitudinal direction of the fixed beam and extending through the fixed beam, the certain angle being greater than 0° and less than 180°, the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam The direction extends in a horizontal direction, and the slider is configured to be rotatable to slide along the chute to slide out of the chute and disengage the fixed beam to remove the tile.
  • the connecting member includes a rotational driving portion configured to enable the slider to rotate by rotating the rotational driving portion.
  • the connector is detachably coupled to the slider.
  • the slider includes a vertical body extending in a longitudinal direction thereof and at least one flange projecting from the vertical body perpendicularly to the vertical body, the fixed beam further Included in at least one groove that mates with the at least one flange and extends in a longitudinal direction thereof, by interaction of the at least one flange of the slider with the at least one groove of the fixed beam, To hang the tile on the fixed beam.
  • the length of the vertical body of the slider in the longitudinal direction is greater than the width of the chute perpendicular to the sliding direction.
  • the flange of the slider and the sliding portion are rotated after the slider is rotated by the angle from a position where the flange and the groove cooperate with each other.
  • the slots cooperate to be able to slide in the chute and slide out of the chute.
  • the chute communicates with the at least one groove.
  • the angle is 90° and the sliding direction of the slider is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam.
  • the slider when the shoe is fixed to the fixed beam, the slider is located at a position opposite to the sliding groove.
  • the connecting member includes a plug portion
  • the slider includes a fixing groove that cooperates with the plug portion, and the cross-sectional shape of the plug portion and the fixing groove is a polygon shape.
  • the material of the fixed beam is wood, aluminum alloy or steel.
  • a method of disassembling a tile fixed by using the above-described tile fixing device characterized in that it comprises:
  • Rotating the rotation driving portion to rotate the slider to a position matching the sliding groove and capable of sliding in the sliding slot to slide the slider out of the sliding slot to remove the watt.
  • the method further comprises the step of: before rotating the rotary drive, further comprising pushing the tile to disengage the slider from the fixed beam.
  • the tile is pushed along the relative position of the chute.
  • the tile is hung on the fixed beam by a combination of the connector and the slider, and the fixed beam is fixed on the inclined surface of the building (for example, the roof), so that the tile acts by gravity. Down, directly hung on the fixed beam, so as to achieve the technical effect of fixing the tile on the roof.
  • the tile when it is necessary to replace a tile, it is only necessary to push the tile upwards slightly, and then operate the rotary drive portion so that the slider can be rotated, so that the slider can smoothly slide out from the sliding groove provided on the fixed beam, which can be easily
  • the tile is removed without disassembling other tiles adjacent to the tile, so the invention has the characteristics of easy disassembly and easy maintenance.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tile roof according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a tile fixing device installed on a building according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2B is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A in FIG. 2A;
  • 3A is a side view showing the fixing of a tile using a tile fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3B is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B of Figure 3A;
  • FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing a bottom surface of a fixing tile using a tile fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4B is an enlarged schematic view of a portion C of FIG. 4A;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the connecting member and the slider according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a fixing beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fixing beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a tile fixing device 5 for fixing a tile 1 to a building, comprising: a slider 3, at least a part of which is disposed on the tile a lower portion of the connector 2; at least a portion of the connector 2 is disposed above the tile, and the connector 2 is coupled to the slider 3 to clamp the tile 1 to the connector Between at least a portion of the slider 2 and at least a portion of the slider 3; and a fixed beam 4 fixed to a building (not shown), and the slider 3 is hung on the fixed beam 4 Upper to fix the tile 1 to the building.
  • the fixed beam 4 is fixed to an inclined surface of the building, such as the roof of the house.
  • the tile 1 is fixed to the building by the tile fixing means 5, that is, the tile 1 is fixed parallel to the inclined surface of the building.
  • the tile is hung on the fixed beam 4 by the slider 3 connected to the tile 1, so that the tile 1 can be firmly hung on the fixed beam 4 under the action of gravity.
  • the fixed beam 4 in order to facilitate the removal of the tile 1 from the fixed beam 4, includes a direction extending at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4 and extending through the fixing
  • the chute 41 of the beam 4 the certain angle is greater than 0° and less than 180°
  • the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4 extends in the horizontal direction
  • the slider 3 is configured to be rotatable to slide along the chute 41 to pass the chute 41
  • the medium slides out and disengages from the fixed beam 4, thereby removing the tile 1.
  • the fixed beam 4 is fixed to the roof in the longitudinal direction thereof in parallel with the horizontal direction, and the slider 3 can be firmly hung on the fixed beam 4 by gravity. It does not slide along its longitudinal direction.
  • a sliding groove 41 is provided on the fixed beam 4, and the sliding groove 41 is at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4 (that is, the horizontal direction), so that the certain angle is not 0° or 180°, then the sliding The groove is not parallel to the horizontal direction, and when the tile 1 is slid out from the chute, the force of gravity can be utilized to cause the tile 1 to smoothly slide down in the chute, thereby saving labor costs.
  • the slider 3 by arranging the slider 3 to be rotatable to slide along the chute 41, it is not necessary to laboriously lift the tile 1 when the tile 1 is removed, and only the slider 3 needs to be rotated, so that the slider 3 can be The chute 41 slides out to remove the tile 1.
  • the tile 1 is, for example, a photovoltaic tile, but the tile 1 of the present invention is not limited to a photovoltaic tile, and the portion of the photovoltaic tile used for power generation is a crystalline silicon solar component or a flexible solar component.
  • the connector 2 is detachably coupled to the slider 3.
  • the connecting member 2 includes a main body portion 23 and a plug portion 22 extending downward from above the tile 1 through the main body portion of the tile 1 in the form of a cylinder.
  • the insertion portion 22 is fixed to the lower end of the main body portion 23, and the cross-section of the insertion portion 22 is a rectangular shape, a square shape, or the like.
  • the slider 3 includes a fixing groove 32 for accommodating the insertion portion 22 and having a shape that matches the shape of the insertion portion 22.
  • the insertion portion 22 is provided with a through hole 221, and two corresponding through holes 321 are also disposed on the two side walls of the fixing groove 32 opposite to the insertion portion 22.
  • Fasteners (not shown), for example in the form of pins or bolts, can pass through the through holes 321 and 221, thereby connecting the connecting member 2 to the slider 3, and the connecting member 2 cannot be removed from the slider 3.
  • the fasteners described above can be removed from the through holes 321 and 221, and then the insertion portion 22 can be pulled out from the fixing groove 32.
  • the above-described through holes 321 and 221 may not be provided, and instead the connecting member 2 includes a threaded hole penetrating through the main body portion 23 and the insertion portion 22, and the slider 3 also includes a threaded hole provided therein.
  • the connector 2 further includes a threaded fastener that fits into the threaded bore described above to connect the connector 2 to the slider 3. When it is necessary to disassemble, the threaded fastener can be screwed out first, so that the slider 3 and the connecting member 2 can be disengaged.
  • the connecting member 2 further includes a rotational driving portion 21 configured to rotate the rotating driving portion 21 to make it
  • the slider 3 can be rotated.
  • the rotary drive portion 21 is preferably fixedly disposed on at least a portion of the connector 2 above the tile 1, more preferably fixedly disposed
  • the body portion 23 is located on a portion above the tile 1.
  • the rotation driving portion can be a rotation groove (not shown) formed on an upper surface of the main body portion 23.
  • the slider 3 can be electrically or manually rotated by using other tools such as an electric drill or a screwdriver.
  • the slider 3 includes a vertical body 33 extending in a longitudinal direction thereof and at least one protruding perpendicularly from the vertical body 33 to the side perpendicular to the vertical body 33.
  • the fixing beam 4 further includes a groove 42 that cooperates with the at least one flange 31 and extends in a longitudinal direction thereof, through the at least one flange 31 of the slider 3 and the fixing beam 4 The mutual engagement of the grooves 42 is to hang the tile 1 on the fixed beam 4.
  • the number of the flanges 31 is two, projecting laterally on both sides of the vertical body 33.
  • the maximum width in the protruding direction of the flange 31 should be equal to or smaller than the width of the chute 41.
  • the length of extension of the flange 31 in the longitudinal direction is equal to the length of the vertical body 33, as shown in FIG.
  • the length of the vertical body 33 of the slider 3 in the longitudinal direction is greater than the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the chute 41. Chute width.
  • the slider 3 is preferably located at a position corresponding to the chute 41, so that when the tile 1 needs to be removed, it is not necessary to re-move the tile 1 to correspond to the chute 41.
  • the position of the through hole on the tile 1 corresponds to the position of the chute 41 on the fixed beam 4 when the tile 1 is made.
  • the main body 33 is larger than the width of the chute 41, the main body 33 is pressed against the side surface of the chute 41 by the gravity of the tile 1 without being from the chute 41 of the fixed beam 4. Slide out to achieve the effect of fixing the tile 1.
  • the slider 3 can be rotated such that the flange 31 is located in the sliding groove 41 by rotating the rotary driving portion 21, so that it can be slid out from the sliding groove 41.
  • the slider 3 is described to remove the tile 1.
  • the chute 41 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4.
  • the sliding direction of the slider 3 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4. Therefore, when the slider 3 is rotated by 90° from a position where the flange 31 and the groove 42 are fitted to each other, the flange 31 of the slider 3 is engaged with the sliding groove 41, thereby It is possible to slide in the chute 41 and slide out of the chute 41.
  • the chute 41 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4, when the slider 3 is rotated such that the flange 31 is engaged with the chute 41, it can be sufficiently smoothed by gravity perpendicular to the horizontal direction and parallel to the slope of the building.
  • the slider 3 is slid out of the chute 41.
  • the 90° angle is easier to identify during manual operation, making it easier for the operator to operate.
  • a plurality of chutes 41 are provided on the fixed beam 4 at equal intervals, and the grooves 42 extend in the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4 and are formed into one
  • An elongated recess 42 is in communication with each of the chutes 41 disposed on the fixed beam 4, the material of which is wood or aluminum alloy or steel.
  • the bottom of the chute 41 is flush with an inner surface of the recess 42, such that the slider 3 is before entering the chute 41, the recess An inner surface of 42 can provide a good guiding effect.
  • a plurality of grooves 42 that are not in communication with each other are disposed along the longitudinal direction of the fixed beam 4, and each groove 42 is only associated with a corresponding one.
  • the chute 41 is in communication.
  • a method of disassembling a tile 1 secured using the tile securing device 5 described above includes the steps of rotating the rotary driving portion 21 to rotate the slider 3 to a position that matches the sliding groove 41 and can slide in the sliding groove 41 to slide the sliding portion Block 3 slides out of the chute 41 to remove the tile.
  • the method further includes: before rotating the rotary driving portion 21, further comprising pushing the tile 1, that is, pushing the tile upwardly parallel to an inclined surface of the building to disengage the slider 3 from the fixed beam 4 .
  • the reason why the tile needs to be pushed is as follows: when the slider 3 is hung on the fixed beam 4, the vertical body 33 of the slider 3 is pressed against the side of the chute 41, so that in this state, due to the fixing When the beam 4 is resisted, it is difficult to rotate the slider 3, so the slider 3 is first pushed away from the fixed beam.
  • the tile 1 Since the tile 1 itself is supported on the fixed beam 4, when the tile is pushed up parallel to the inclined surface of the building, the tile 1 is not displaced significantly in the direction perpendicular to the inclined surface, but is smoothly Pushing up, it is easy to push the operation, and it will not produce obvious vibration on the tile 1.
  • the flange 31 of the slider 3 preferably protrudes laterally from the bottom of the vertical body 31. In the preferred embodiment, after the slider 3 is pushed away from the fixed beam 4, the slider 3 is rotated to After the chutes 41 are aligned, the flange 31 can be directly slid into the chute 41 by smoothly sliding the tile 1 downward, and the flange 31 is not required to be adjusted relative to the chute 41 in the direction perpendicular to the roof. The position is also not blocked during the sliding process because the flange 31 is flush with the bottom of the vertical body 31 and there is no significant displacement of the tile 1 in the direction perpendicular to the roof during the pushing process.
  • the tile adjacent to the tile to be detached is normally placed directly on the tile, when the tile 1 is pushed upward, it is necessary to slightly raise the tile adjacent to the tile.
  • One end of the tile allows the tile 1 to be pushed up to a certain extent, however those skilled in the art will appreciate that it is also possible to lift the tile adjacent to the damaged tile.
  • the slider 3 is rotated so that its flange 31 can be slid into the chute 41, and thus, under the action of gravity, the slider 3 is smoothly slid out from the chute 41, thereby detaching the tile 1. Therefore, in the dismounting method, the damaged tile 1 can be removed from the fixed beam 4 only by simple upward pushing and downward smoothing.
  • the slider 3 is rotated by a certain angle by rotating the driving portion 21 (the angle is preferably 90°), and then the tile 1 is pulled obliquely downward. After the replacement tile is pulled out by about 3/4 area, the left side is lifted, and the tile 1 is removed from the fixed beam 4.
  • the maintenance tile 1 is easy to operate and simple to replace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种瓦固定装置及使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法。该瓦固定装置包括滑块（3），滑块的至少一部分设置于瓦（1）的下方；连接件（2），连接件的至少一部分设置于瓦的上方，且连接件连接至滑块而将瓦夹持在连接件的至少一部分和滑块的至少一部分之间；固定梁（4），固定梁固定在建筑物上，滑块挂在固定梁上，以使瓦固定在建筑物上。固定梁包括沿与固定梁纵向方向成一定角度的方向延伸且贯穿固定梁的滑槽（41），一定角度大于0°且小于180°，固定梁的纵向方向沿水平方向延伸，滑块被构造为能够旋转为沿滑槽滑动，以从滑槽中滑出并脱离固定梁，从而取下瓦。该装置具有易拆卸、易维护的优点。

Description

一种瓦固定装置及使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法
本申请要求于2017年8月30日递交中国专利局的、申请号为201710760292.2的中国专利申请的权益，该申请的全部公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及瓦安装技术领域，特别涉及一种瓦固定装置及使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法。
背景技术
现有技术中，瓦通过搭接、粘接或螺栓固定的方式固定在建筑物上，当某一片瓦损坏需要更换时，需要将与所述某一片瓦相连的其他瓦一起取下，才能更换所述某一片瓦，即使不需要取下其他瓦，更换所述某一片瓦的工序同样操作不便。
例如市面上出现的太阳能组件与瓦组合在一起的光伏瓦，这种瓦的出现，能够直接铺设在屋顶上，解决用户用电问题，达到了美观、节能的效果，但是现在的光伏瓦拆卸复杂，由于使用螺栓将瓦直接固定在梁上，然后一片瓦压在另一片瓦上，所以当某一片损坏时，需要拆下所有的光伏瓦才能换下损坏的光伏瓦，所以给维修维护造成很大的困扰。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种瓦固定装置，具有易拆卸、易维护等特点。
在本发明的一个方面，提供一种瓦固定装置，用于将瓦固定于建筑物上，包括：
滑块，所述滑块的至少一部分设置于所述瓦的下方；
连接件，所述连接件的至少一部分设置于所述瓦的上方，且所述连接件连接至所述滑块而将所述瓦夹持在所述连接件的至少一部分和所述滑块的至少一部分之间；及
固定梁，所述固定梁固定在建筑物上，且所述滑块挂在所述固定梁上，以使所述瓦固定在所述建筑物上；
其中，所述固定梁包括沿与所述固定梁的纵向方向成一定角度的方向延伸且贯穿所述固定梁的滑槽，所述一定角度大于0°且小于180°，所述固定梁的纵向方向沿水平方向延伸，所述滑块被构造为能够旋转为沿所述滑槽滑动，以从所述滑槽中滑出并脱离所述固定梁，从而取下所述瓦。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述连接件包括转动驱动部，所述转动驱动部被构造为通过转动所述转动驱动部使得所述滑块能够进行转动。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述连接件可拆卸地连接至所述滑块。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述滑块包括沿其纵向方向延伸的竖直主体和垂直于竖直主体从竖直主体向旁侧突出的至少一凸缘，所述固定梁还包括与所述至少一凸缘相配合且沿其纵向方向延伸的至少一个凹槽，通过所述滑块的所述至少一凸缘与所述固定梁的所述至少一个凹槽的相互配合，以将所述瓦挂在所述固定梁上。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述滑块的竖直主体的沿纵向方向的长度大于所述滑槽的垂直于滑出方向的滑槽宽度。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，当所述滑块从所述凸缘与所述凹槽相互配合的位置转动所述一定角度后，所述滑块的所述凸缘与所述滑槽相配合，从而能够在所述滑槽中滑动且从所述滑槽滑出。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述滑槽与所述至少一个凹槽相互连通。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述一定角度为90°，所述滑块的滑出方向垂直于所述固定梁的纵向方向。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述瓦固定于所述固定梁上时，所述滑块位于与所述滑槽相对的位置处。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述连接件包括插接部，所述滑块包括与所述插接部相配合的固定槽，所述插接部和固定槽的截面形状为多边形形状。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，所述固定梁的材料为木材、铝合金或钢材。
在本发明的另一方面中，提供一种拆卸使用上述的瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法，其特征在于，包括：
转动所述转动驱动部，使所述滑块转动到与所述滑槽相匹配且能够在滑槽中滑动的位置时，以将所述滑块滑出所述滑槽，以取下所述瓦。
在本发明的一优选实施例中，所述方法还包括如下的步骤：转动所述转动驱动部之前，还包括推动所述瓦，使所述滑块脱离所述固定梁。
在本发明的一优选实施例中，优选地，沿所述滑槽相对位置推动所述瓦。
在本发明的上述各个实施例中，通过连接件和滑块的组合而将瓦挂在固定梁上，该固定梁固定在建筑物的倾斜的表面(例如屋顶)上，从而瓦在重力的作用下，直接挂在固定梁上，从而达到将瓦固定在屋顶上的技术效果。此外，当需要更换某一块瓦时，只需要向上稍微推动瓦，然后操作转动驱动部使得滑块能够转动，从而滑块能够从设置在固定梁上的滑槽中平滑地滑出，即可轻松取下瓦，而不需要拆卸下与该瓦相邻的其他的瓦，所以本发明具有易拆卸、易维护等特点。
为了使本发明的目的、特征及优点能更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一个实施例的瓦屋顶效果图；
图2A为本发明的一个实施例的安装在建筑物上的瓦固定装置的剖面图；
图2B为图2A中的部分A的放大示意图；
图3A为本发明的一个实施例的使用瓦固定装置固定瓦的侧面效果图；
图3B为图3A的部分B的放大示意图；
图4A为本发明的一个实施例的使用瓦固定装置固定瓦的底面效果图；
图4B为图4A的部分C的放大示意图；
图5为本发明的一个实施例的连接件与滑块的连接示意图；
图6为本发明的一个实施例的固定梁的结构示意图；
图7为本发明的一个实施例的固定梁的结构示意图。
其中，附图标记为：
瓦1                         连接件2
转动驱动部21                插接部22
主体部23                    插接部通孔221
滑块3                       凸缘31
竖直主体33                  固定槽32
固定槽通孔321
固定梁4                     滑槽41
凹槽42                      瓦固定装置5。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本发明各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。
如图1-图4B所示，本发明提供一种瓦固定装置5，其用于将瓦1固定于建筑物上，包括：滑块3，所述滑块3的至少一部分设置于所述瓦1的下方；连接件2，所述连接件2的至少一部分设置于所述瓦的上方，且所述连接件2连接至所述滑块3而将所述瓦1夹持在所述连接件2的至少一部分和所述滑块3的至少一部分之间；以及固定梁4，所述固定梁4固定在建筑物(未示出)上，且所述滑块3挂在所述固定梁4上，以使所述瓦1固定在所述建筑物上。优选地，固定梁4固定在建筑物的倾斜的表面上，例如房屋的房顶上。通过此瓦固定装置5将瓦1固定在建筑物上，也就是说，瓦1平 行于建筑物的倾斜的表面而被固定。通过连接至瓦1的滑块3将瓦挂在固定梁4上，从而瓦1能够自然地在重力的作用下，牢固地挂在固定梁4上。在根据本发明的一个实施例的瓦固定装置5中，为了方便从固定梁4上卸下瓦1，固定梁4包括沿与固定梁4的纵向方向成一定角度的方向延伸且贯穿所述固定梁4的滑槽41，所述一定角度大于0°且小于180°，固定梁4的纵向方向沿水平方向延伸，滑块3被构造为能够旋转为沿滑槽41滑动，以从滑槽41中滑出并脱离固定梁4，从而取下瓦1。如图2A、2B，3A和3B所示，固定梁4在其纵向方向与水平方向平行的情况下固定在屋顶上，那么滑块3能够在重力的作用下牢固地挂在固定梁4上，而不会沿着其纵向方向滑动。此外，在固定梁4上设置滑槽41，该滑槽41与固定梁4的纵向方向(也就是水平方向)成一定的角度，通过使得该一定角度不为0°或180°，那么该滑槽不平行于水平方向，在从滑槽中滑出瓦1时，都可以借助于重力的作用，使得瓦1在滑槽中平稳地向下滑动，而节省人力成本。此外，通过将滑块3设置为能够转动为沿滑槽41滑动，那么在卸下瓦1时，不需要费力地抬起瓦1，而只需要转动滑块3，即可使得滑块3从滑槽41中滑出而卸下瓦1。
所述瓦1例如为光伏瓦，但本发明中所述瓦1并不局限于光伏瓦，所述光伏瓦用于发电的部分为晶硅太阳能组件或柔性太阳能组件。
在根据本发明的一个实施例中，所述连接件2可拆卸地连接至所述滑块3。如图2A、2B以及图5所示，所述连接件2包括主体部23和插接部22，所述主体部23从瓦1的上方向下延伸穿过瓦1的柱体形式的主体部，且所述插接部22固定至主体部23的下端，且所述插接部22的截面为长方形、正方形等其他多边形形状。相应地，所述滑块3包括固定槽32，所述固定槽32用于容纳所述插接部22且具有与所述插接部22的形状相配合的形状。此外，所述插接部22上设置有通孔221，所述固定槽32的与插接部22相对的两个侧壁上也设置有相应的两个通孔321。例如销或螺栓形式的紧固件(未示出)能够穿过通孔321和221，从而将连接件2连接至滑块3，而不能从滑块3上卸下连接件2。在需要拆卸时，可以先从通孔321和221中卸下上述的紧固件，然后即可从固定槽32中拔出所述插接部22。
在另一实施例中，可以不设置上述的通孔321和221，替代地连接件2包括贯穿其主体部23和插接部22的螺纹孔，滑块3也包括设置在其中的螺纹孔。另外，连接件2还包括螺纹紧固件，所述螺纹紧固件配合至上述的螺纹孔而将连接件2与滑块3连接在一起。在需要拆卸的时候，可以先将螺纹紧固件拧出，从而使得滑块3和连接件2能够脱离。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图2A、2B和5所示，所述连接件2还包括转动驱动部21，所述转动驱动部21被构造为通过转动所述转动驱动部21使得所述滑块3能够进行转动。在本发明的一个实施例中，如图5所示，所述转动驱动部21优选地固定地设置在连接件2的位于所述瓦1的上方的至少一部分上，更加优选地固定地设置在 所述主体部23的位于瓦1的上方的一部分上。通过转动所述转动驱动部21能够带动插接部22转动，在插接部22和固定槽32的配合下，能够带动滑块3一起转动。
在本发明的另一实施例中，所述转动驱动部能够为形成在所述主体部23的上表面上的转动槽(未示出)。通过使用其他工具，例如电钻或螺丝刀等，能够电动或手动地使得滑块3进行转动。
应当注意，虽然上述仅仅说明了把手形式或转动槽形式这两种转动驱动部，但是本领域的技术人员能够设想到其他公知的转动驱动部，例如设置在连接件或滑块上的扭簧，在该扭簧被触发时，能够带动滑块进行转动。上述的转动驱动装置都应当落在本发明的范围之内。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图5所示，所述滑块3包括沿其纵向方向延伸的竖直主体33和垂直于竖直主体33从竖直主体33向旁侧突出的至少一凸缘31。所述固定梁4还包括与所述至少一凸缘31相配合且沿其纵向方向延伸的凹槽42，通过所述滑块3的所述至少一凸缘31与所述固定梁4的所述凹槽42的相互配合，以将所述瓦1挂在所述固定梁4上。在根据本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，所述凸缘31的数量为2个，在竖直主体33的两侧向旁侧突出。优选地，从竖直主体33的底部向旁侧突出，其理由在下文将详细说明。此外，本领域的技术人员应当能够想到，为了使得滑块3能够在滑槽41中滑动，凸缘31的突出方向上的最大宽度应当等于或小于滑槽41的宽度。优选地，凸缘31沿纵向方向的延伸长度与竖直主体33的长度相等，如图5所示。
如图3A、3B以及4A和4B所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，所述滑块3的竖直主体33的沿纵向方向的长度大于所述滑槽41的垂直于滑出方向的滑槽宽度。在将瓦1挂在固定梁4上时，滑块3优选地位于与滑槽41相对应的位置，从而在需要卸下瓦1时，不需要将瓦1重新移动到与滑槽41相对应的位置，从而在制作瓦1时，瓦1上的通孔与固定梁4上的滑槽41的位置相对应。此时，由于主体33的长度大于滑槽41的宽度，所以主体33通过瓦1的重力作用压靠在滑槽41的侧面上，而不会从所述固定梁4的所述滑槽41中滑出，以达到固定所述瓦1的效果。当需要取下所述瓦1时，通过转动所述转动驱动部21，使所述滑块3能够转动为使得凸缘31位于滑槽41中，从而能够从所述滑槽41中滑出所述滑块3，以取下所述瓦1。
在根据本发明的一个优选实施例，如图2A、2B、3A、3B、4A、4B、6和7所示，滑槽41与固定梁4的纵向方向垂直。在此情况下，所述滑块3的滑出方向垂直于所述固定梁4的纵向方向。因此，当所述滑块3从所述凸缘31与所述凹槽42相互配合的位置转动90°后，所述滑块3的所述凸缘31与所述滑槽41相配合，从而能够在所述滑槽41中滑动且从所述滑槽41中滑出。在滑槽41与固定梁4的纵向方向垂直的情况下，当滑块3转动为凸缘31与滑槽41配合时，能够充分地借助于重力垂直于水平方 向且平行于建筑物的斜面平滑地将滑块3从滑槽41中滑出。此外，在手动操作时，该90°的角度更加容易被识别，从而便于操作人员的操作。
在根据本发明的一个实施例中，如图6所示，在所述固定梁4上间距相等的设置多个滑槽41，凹槽42沿所述固定梁4的纵向方向延伸且形成为一个细长的凹槽42，且与每个设置在所述固定梁4上的滑槽41连通，所述固定梁4的材料为木材或铝合金或钢材。此外，本领域的技术人员可以想到为了便于滑块3进入滑槽41，滑槽41的底部与凹槽42的一个内表面平齐，从而滑块3在进入滑槽41之前，所述凹槽42的一个内表面能够起到很好的引导作用。
在根据本发明的另一实施例中，如图7所示，沿所述固定梁4的纵向方向设置多个彼此之间不连通的凹槽42，且每个凹槽42只与相应的一个滑槽41连通。
在本发明的另一方面，提供一种使用上述的瓦固定装置5固定的瓦1的拆卸方法。所述拆卸方法包括如下的步骤：转动所述转动驱动部21，使所述滑块3转动到与所述滑槽41相匹配且能够在滑槽41中滑动的位置时，以将所述滑块3滑出所述滑槽41，以取下所述瓦。
所述方法还包括：转动所述转动驱动部21之前，还包括推动所述瓦1，也就是平行于建筑物的倾斜表面向上推动所述瓦，使所述滑块3脱离所述固定梁4。在此处，需要推动该瓦的原因如下：在滑块3挂在固定梁4上时，滑块3的竖直主体33压靠在滑槽41的侧面上，从而在该状态下，由于固定梁4的抵挡，很难对滑块3进行转动，因此先将滑块3推离固定梁。因为瓦1本身被支承在固定梁4上，因此平行于建筑物的倾斜表面向上推动所述瓦时，所述瓦1在垂直于倾斜表面的方向上并没有显著的位移，而是平滑地被向上推动，因此便于推动操作，也不会在瓦1上产生明显的震动。此外，滑块3的凸缘31优选地从竖直主体31的底部向旁侧突出，在此优选实施例中，当将滑块3推离固定梁4之后，在滑块3被转动为与滑槽41对齐之后，通过平滑地使得瓦1向下滑动，就可以使得凸缘31直接滑入滑槽41中，且不需要再调整凸缘31在垂直于屋顶的方向上相对于滑槽41的位置且也不会在滑动的过程中被阻挡，因为凸缘31与竖直主体31的底部平齐且在推动的过程中瓦1在垂直于屋顶的方向上没有明显的位移。
此外，在根据本发明的拆卸方法中，由于与待拆卸的瓦相邻的瓦一般情况下直接搁置在该瓦之上，因此在向上推动瓦1时，需要稍稍抬起与该瓦相邻的瓦的一端，使得瓦1能够向上推动一定程度即可，然而本领域的技术人员能够想到不抬起与损坏的瓦相邻的瓦也是可行的。然后，转动滑块3使得其凸缘31能够位于滑动到滑槽41中，进而在重力的作用下，使得滑块3从滑槽41中平稳地滑出，从而拆下瓦1。因此，在该拆卸方法中，只需要通过简单的向上推动和向下平滑就可以从固定梁4上取下损坏的瓦1。
以下为本发明方法的一实施例，如下所述：
若更换瓦1中的其中一块瓦，只需把它斜向上推动，然后通过转动驱动部21把滑块3旋转一定角度(该角度优选地为90°)，再把瓦1斜向下拉出，待被更换瓦拉出大约3/4面积后掀起左边，而从固定梁4上取走瓦1，通过本发明，使维护瓦1操作方便、更换简单。
虽然结合附图对本发明进行了说明，但是附图中公开的实施例旨在对本发明优选实施方式进行示例性说明，而不能理解为对本发明的一种限制。
虽然本总体发明构思的一些实施例已被显示和说明，本领域普通技术人员将理解，在不背离本总体发明构思的原则和精神的情况下，可对这些实施例做出改变，本发明的范围以权利要求和它们的等同物限定。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种瓦固定装置，用于将瓦固定于建筑物上，包括：
    滑块，所述滑块的至少一部分设置于所述瓦的下方；
    连接件，所述连接件的至少一部分设置于所述瓦的上方，且所述连接件连接至所述滑块而将所述瓦夹持在所述连接件的至少一部分和所述滑块的至少一部分之间；及
    固定梁，所述固定梁固定在建筑物上，且所述滑块挂在所述固定梁上，以使所述瓦固定在所述建筑物上；
    其特征在于，所述固定梁包括沿与所述固定梁的纵向方向成一定角度的方向延伸且贯穿所述固定梁的滑槽，所述一定角度大于0°且小于180°，所述固定梁的纵向方向沿水平方向延伸，所述滑块被构造为能够旋转为沿所述滑槽滑动，以从所述滑槽中滑出并脱离所述固定梁，从而取下所述瓦。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述连接件包括转动驱动部，所述转动驱动部被构造为通过转动所述转动驱动部使得所述滑块进行转动。
  3. 如权利要求1至2中任一项所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述连接件可拆卸地连接至所述滑块。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述滑块包括沿其纵向方向延伸的竖直主体和垂直于竖直主体从竖直主体向旁侧突出的至少一凸缘，所述固定梁还包括与所述至少一凸缘相配合且沿其纵向方向延伸的至少一个凹槽，通过所述滑块的所述至少一凸缘与所述固定梁的所述至少一个凹槽的相互配合，以将所述瓦挂在所述固定梁上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述滑块的竖直主体的沿纵向方向的长度大于所述滑槽的垂直于滑出方向的滑槽宽度。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，当所述滑块从所述凸缘与所述凹槽相互配合的位置转动所述一定角度后，所述滑块的所述凸缘与所述滑槽相配合，从而能够在所述滑槽中滑动且从所述滑槽滑出。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述滑槽与所述至少一个凹槽相互连通。
  8. 如权利要求1至7中的任一项所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述一定角度为90°，所述滑块的滑出方向垂直于所述固定梁的纵向方向。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中的任一项所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述瓦固定于所述固定梁上时，所述滑块位于与所述滑槽相对的位置处。
  10. 如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述连接件还包括插接部，所述滑块包括与所述插接部相配合的固定槽，所述插接部和固定槽的截面形状为多边形形状。
  11. 如权利要求1至12中的任一项所述的瓦固定装置，其特征在于，所述固定梁的材料为木材、铝合金或钢材。
  12. 一种拆卸使用如权利要求1-13中任意一项所述瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法，其特征在于，包括：
    转动所述连接件，使所述滑块转动到与所述滑槽相匹配且能够在滑槽中滑动的位置时，以将所述滑块滑出所述滑槽，以取下所述瓦。
  13. 如权利要求14所述的使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法，其特征在于，转动所述连接件之前，还包括推动所述瓦，使所述滑块脱离所述固定梁。
  14. 如权利要求15所述的使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法，其特征在于，沿所述滑槽相对位置推动所述瓦。
PCT/CN2017/117752 2017-08-30 2017-12-21 一种瓦固定装置及使用该瓦固定装置固定的瓦的拆卸方法 WO2019041673A1 (zh)

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