WO2019031101A1 - レドックスフロー電池の運転方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of operating a redox flow battery.
- This application claims the priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-153609 filed on Aug. 8, 2017, and uses all the contents described in the Japanese application.
- One of the storage batteries is a redox flow battery (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an RF battery).
- the RF battery performs a charge / discharge operation by supplying a positive electrode electrolyte solution from a positive electrode tank and a negative electrode electrolyte solution from a negative electrode tank to a battery cell (main cell).
- the operating method of the redox flow battery of the present disclosure is Comprising a step of mixing a predetermined volume of positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte in a predetermined cycle,
- the predetermined period is x time selected from the range of 320 hours or less
- y is 27.0% or less.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the amount of generated hydrogen gas can be reduced by operating so that the SOC on the negative electrode side is 85% or less. Hydrogen gas is desired to be further reduced, preferably substantially zero, from the viewpoint of safety and the like.
- a method of operating a redox flow battery (RF battery) according to one aspect of the present invention Comprising a step of mixing a predetermined volume of positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte in a predetermined cycle,
- the predetermined period is x time selected from the range of 320 hours or less
- y is 27.0% or less.
- the above method of operating the RF battery mixes the electrolyte in relatively small amounts in a cycle of 320 hours or less.
- a specific mixing ratio y (%) is defined based on the volume of the electrolyte used in one mixing (hereinafter sometimes referred to as unit volume). It shall be the range that satisfies. While supplying the positive electrode electrolyte of this specific unit capacity from the positive electrode tank to the negative electrode side, and supplying the negative electrode electrolyte of the specific unit capacity from the negative electrode tank to the positive electrode side, the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are prepared. Mix.
- the above method of operating the RF battery can reduce the decrease of the vanadium ion concentration on the negative electrode side and the increase of the SOC on the negative electrode side by mixing the specific unit capacity in a relatively short cycle of 320 hours or less. Therefore, according to the above-described operating method of the RF battery, it is possible to reduce the amount of hydrogen gas generated due to the decrease of the vanadium ion concentration on the negative electrode side and the increase of the SOC on the negative electrode side. Preferably, the generation of hydrogen gas can be suppressed.
- the calorific value at the time of mixing can be reduced by making the said unit volume into a comparatively small quantity of 27.0% or less of the said storage capacity. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned operation method of the RF battery, precipitation of precipitates such as vanadium can be reduced in the positive electrode electrolyte solution due to the heat generation during the above mixing, and thus the battery characteristics are deteriorated due to the precipitates. Etc. can also be reduced.
- the above-mentioned form can reduce the generation amount of hydrogen more easily and can also reduce the generation of precipitates more easily.
- the amount of hydrogen generation can be further reduced, and the generation of precipitates can be further reduced.
- the RF battery 10 includes a battery cell 10C and a circulation mechanism that circulates and supplies the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte to the battery cell 10C.
- the RF battery 10 is typically connected to the power generation unit 420 and a load 440 such as a power system or a customer via the AC / DC converter 400 or the transformation equipment 410, and the power generation unit 420 is supplied with power. It charges as a source and discharges the load 440 as a power supply target.
- the power generation unit 420 include a solar power generator, a wind power generator, and other general power plants.
- the battery cell 10C includes a positive electrode 14 to which a positive electrode electrolyte is supplied, a negative electrode 15 to which a negative electrode electrolyte is supplied, and a diaphragm 11 interposed between the positive electrode 14 and the negative electrode 15.
- a multi-cell battery including a plurality of battery cells 10C is used.
- a form called cell stack 30 shown in FIG. 3 is typically used.
- Battery cell 10C is typically constructed using cell frame 20 illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the cell frame 20 is provided, for example, on the bipolar plate 21 on one surface of which the positive electrode 14 is disposed and on the other surface of the bipolar plate 21 on which the negative electrode 15 is disposed. What contains the discharge path, and the frame 22 which has the supply path and discharge path of a negative electrode electrolyte solution on the other surface is mentioned.
- the positive electrode supply passage and the negative electrode supply passage include liquid supply holes 24i and 25i, and slits 26i and 27i that extend from the liquid supply holes 24i and 25i to the inner peripheral edge of the frame 22.
- the positive electrode discharge path and the negative electrode discharge path include drain holes 24o and 25o, and slits 26o and 27o extending from the inner peripheral edge to the drain holes 24o and 25o.
- the liquid supply holes 24i and 25i and the drainage holes 24o and 25o which are through holes, respectively form a flow channel of the electrolytic solution.
- the seal member 18 is disposed on the outer edge side of the frame 22 in this example.
- the cell stack 30 includes a stacked body in which a plurality of cell frames 20 (bipolar plates 21), a positive electrode 14, a diaphragm 11, and a negative electrode 15 are stacked in this order, a pair of end plates 32 and 32 sandwiching the stacked body, and both ends. And a plurality of clamping members 33 for clamping the plates 32, 32. By clamping the end plates 32, 32 with the clamping members 33, the laminated state is maintained, and the seal material 18 interposed between the adjacent cell frames 20, 20 is crushed and held liquid-tight.
- the cell stack 30 can be configured to have a predetermined number of battery cells 10C as a sub-cell stack as shown in FIG. 3 and include a plurality of sub-cell stacks.
- the circulation mechanism includes a positive electrode tank 16 storing positive electrode electrolyte to be supplied to the positive electrode 14, a negative electrode tank 17 storing the negative electrode electrolyte to be supplied to the negative electrode 15, and a positive electrode tank 16.
- Pumps provided on pipes 162 and 164 connecting between the battery cells 10C (or cell stacks), pipes 172 and 174 connecting between the negative electrode tank 17 and the battery cells 10C (same), and pipes 162 and 172 on the supply side 160 and 170 are provided.
- the pipes 162, 164, 172, and 174 are connected to flow channels by the liquid supply holes 24i and 25i and the drain holes 24o and 25o, respectively, to construct a circulation path of the electrolyte of each electrode.
- the electrolyte used for the RF battery 10 is a vanadium-based electrolyte containing vanadium ions as an active material.
- the positive electrode electrolyte contains tetravalent and pentavalent vanadium ions
- the negative electrode electrolyte contains divalent and trivalent vanadium ions.
- the vanadium-based electrolyte includes an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and the like.
- the operating method of the RF battery according to the embodiment includes the step of mixing a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte of a predetermined volume (hereinafter, may be referred to as a mixing step) in a predetermined cycle.
- the cycle is relatively short and the unit capacity is relatively small, and the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are mixed in relatively small amounts little by little.
- the operating method of the RF battery of the embodiment adjusts the vanadium ion concentration and SOC of the negative electrode electrolyte solution in particular, and the amount of hydrogen gas generated on the negative electrode side Reduce
- the storage capacity of the positive electrode tank 16 and the storage capacity of the negative electrode tank 17 can be appropriately set according to the battery capacity of the RF battery 10 and the like, and may be either the same form or different forms.
- the storage capacity used as the reference of unit capacity is based on the storage capacity of the negative electrode tank 17 where hydrogen is generated.
- the cycle By relatively shortening the cycle to 320 hours or less, it is prevented that hydrogen gas is easily generated for a long time because the concentration of vanadium ions on the negative electrode side is decreased or the SOC of the negative electrode is increased. And the amount of hydrogen gas generated can be reduced. Since the above effect is more easily obtained as the cycle is shorter, the cycle can be 300 hours or less, 280 hours or less, 260 hours or less, 250 hours or less, or 200 hours or less.
- the cycle is too short, it will be difficult to secure a sufficient charge / discharge operation time, so that the cycle can be 10 hours, 15 hours or more, 20 hours or more, 24 hours or more, 25 hours or more. Even when the cycle is over 24 hours, the amount of generated hydrogen can be effectively reduced by setting it to a specific unit capacity.
- the unit capacity is desirably set to an amount capable of reducing the amount of generated hydrogen gas by suppressing the decrease of the vanadium ion concentration on the negative electrode side and the increase of the SOC on the negative electrode side. Moreover, it is desirable to change unit capacity according to a period. The longer the cycle, the more likely it is to cause an increase in SOC on the negative electrode side. Therefore, the unit capacity is linearly increased with the period time x as a variable. Specifically, the unit capacity is made to be the storage capacity ⁇ (0.01% ⁇ x) or more.
- the unit volume can be set to the storage capacity ⁇ (0.03% ⁇ x) or more, and further, the storage capacity ⁇ (0.045% ⁇ x) or more.
- the unit capacity be in a range that does not cause deterioration of the battery characteristics due to the heat generation.
- the mixing ratio y (%) in unit capacity may be set to a fixed value (here, 27.0%) or less.
- the upper limit of the unit capacity be made different according to the period in the case where the period is shortened to a certain extent in the range of 320 hours or less and in the case where it is extended to some extent. I got the knowledge. Based on this finding, when the cycle is set to 30 hours or less, the mixing ratio y (%) is a proportional amount (0. 0%) with the change rate (slope) of 0.9%, with the time x of the cycle as a variable. 9% x x).
- the unit volume By setting the unit volume to storage capacity ⁇ (0.9% ⁇ x) or less or storage capacity ⁇ 27.0% or less, deterioration of the electrolyte solution caused by heat generation during the above mixing is not too large. As a result, deterioration of the battery characteristics can be prevented.
- the mixing ratio y (%) in unit volume is 24.0% or less, and particularly in the case of selecting the cycle from 60 hours or less, the mixing ratio y (% And (0.4% ⁇ x) or less.
- the mixing ratio y (%) in unit volume is set to 20.0% or less, and particularly when the cycle is selected from 100 hours or less, the mixing ratio y (% And (0.2) x or less.
- the mixing step may be performed according to a predetermined cycle. If the cycle is selected to overlap with the standby time during which the charge / discharge operation is not performed, and the mixing process is performed during the standby time, the charge / discharge time can be sufficiently secured.
- the mixing step of the positive electrode electrolyte stored in the positive electrode tank, the positive electrode electrolyte having a predetermined volume is supplied to the negative electrode side, and the negative electrode electrolyte having a predetermined volume of the negative electrode electrolyte stored in the negative electrode tank. Is supplied to the positive electrode side. In other words, it takes an electrolyte of a predetermined volume from both positive and negative sides and delivers them to each other. Examples of the mixing method include the following.
- a pipe for supplying the positive electrode electrolyte discharged from the battery cell 10C to the negative electrode tank 17 and a pipe for supplying the negative electrode electrolyte discharged from the battery cell 10C to the positive electrode tank 16 are provided.
- the pressure of the pump 160 on the positive electrode side is set to be higher than the pressure of the pump 170 on the negative electrode, and the battery cell 10C is supplied with a positive electrode electrolyte solution for a unit volume and a negative electrode electrolyte solution for a unit volume .
- the temperature of the electrolyte is raised to supply the battery cell 10C with a positive electrode electrolyte for a unit volume and a negative electrolyte for a unit volume.
- two pipes 165 and 175 are provided to connect the pipe 164 on the discharge side of the positive electrode and the pipe 174 on the discharge side of the negative electrode.
- 174, 175 are provided with the valves 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b.
- the valves 16a and 17a of the pipes 164 and 174 on the discharge side are opened, and the valves 16b and 17b of the pipes 165 and 175 for mixing are closed.
- the valves 16a and 17a of the pipes 164 and 174 on the discharge side are closed, and the valves 16b and 17b of the pipes 165 and 175 for mixing are opened.
- the pump 160 on the positive electrode side is driven, and a positive electrode electrolyte of unit capacity is supplied from the positive electrode tank 16 to the negative electrode tank 17 through the positive electrode side of the battery cell 10C, the valve 16b and the pipe 165 in this order.
- the pump 170 on the negative electrode side is driven, and a negative electrode electrolyte of unit capacity is supplied to the positive electrode tank 16 from the negative electrode tank 17 through the negative electrode side of the battery cell 10C, the valve 17b and the pipe 175 in this order.
- the electrolytic solutions can be mixed.
- the positive electrode electrolyte passing through the positive electrode side of the battery cell 10C can be supplied to the negative electrode side, so it is easy to correct the decrease in the vanadium ion concentration of the negative electrode electrolyte.
- the method illustrated in FIG. 2 can be used in the methods ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ).
- the pressure of the pump 160 on the positive electrode side is made higher than that on the negative electrode side, and the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are supplied to the battery cell 10C.
- the vanadium ions are more likely to move toward the As a result, the vanadium ion concentration of the negative electrode electrolyte discharged from the negative electrode side of the battery cell 10C can be increased.
- an appropriate heating device may be disposed in the piping 164, 174 or the like between the battery cell 10C and the tanks 16, 17 so that the temperature of the electrolytic solution is raised by, for example, about 0.1 ° C. to 5 ° C. is there.
- the vanadium ions are easily diffused as the temperature of the electrolyte increases.
- this diffusivity is utilized, and a relatively high temperature positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte are supplied to the battery cell 10C.
- the vanadium ions are easily transferred from the positive electrode side to the negative electrode side so that the positive and negative vanadium ion concentrations become uniform in the battery cell 10C, and the negative electrode electrolyte discharged from the negative electrode side of the battery cell 10C. Can increase the vanadium ion concentration.
- a pipe (not shown) connecting the positive electrode tank 16 and the negative electrode tank 17 is provided, and there is a difference between the amount of liquid in the positive electrode tank 16 and the amount of liquid in the negative electrode tank 17 after the above mixing step. In some cases, this difference can be corrected to equalize the fluid volume.
- positive and negative electrolytes are mixed in order to correct the imbalance between positive and negative liquid volumes, an adequate correction frequency and adjustment amount have not been sufficiently studied.
- the operation method of the RF battery according to the embodiment aims at stabilization of fluctuation of generation output, storage of surplus power of generated power, load leveling, etc. for generation of natural energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation. It can be used to operate the storage battery.
- the operating method of the RF battery according to the embodiment can be used for operating a storage battery, which is juxtaposed to a general power plant, for the purpose of the countermeasure against the instantaneous drop / blackout and the load leveling.
- the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are mixed as a relatively small unit volume of about 1/3 or less of the storage capacity of the above-mentioned tank in a cycle of 320 hours or less.
- the amount of hydrogen gas generated can be reduced.
- the method of operating the RF battery according to the embodiment can also reduce the deposition of precipitates in the electrolytic solution.
- a positive electrode electrolyte containing vanadium ions and a negative electrode electrolyte containing vanadium ions are prepared, and charge and discharge are repeated under the following conditions.
- a mixing step of mixing a predetermined unit volume of the positive electrode electrolyte and a predetermined unit volume of the negative electrode electrolyte in a cycle x (hour) shown in Table 1 is performed.
- the predetermined unit volume (liter) is obtained by dividing the storage capacity set in one tank by the mixing ratio (%) shown in the left column of Table 1 and dividing by 100 (storage capacity (liter) ⁇ mixing ratio (%) / 100) In this test, the storage capacity set in the negative electrode tank is used as a reference of the storage capacity.
- sample nos. 1 to No. 6 shows that the amount of generated hydrogen gas is 0 ml / H, and substantially no hydrogen gas is generated. Also, for sample no. 1 to No. It can be seen that No. 6 did not substantially generate precipitates. On the other hand, for sample no. 101 to No. A large amount of hydrogen gas is generated in 103, and here, all samples have 2120 ml / H or more. On the other hand, sample No. No. 104 to No. In 106, although hydrogen gas is not substantially generated, precipitates are generated.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the period (time) of each sample and the mixing ratio (%).
- the horizontal axis represents the period x (time), and the vertical axis represents the mixing ratio y (%).
- conditions (a) and (b) capable of reducing the amount of generated hydrogen gas and conditions (c) and (d) capable of reducing the precipitates are considered as follows.
- B Sample No. 1 and sample no. From the comparison with 101, when the cycle is about 200 hours, the mixing ratio is preferably more than 1%.
- C Sample No. 3 to No.
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2017年8月8日出願の日本出願第2017-153609号に基づく優先権を主張し、前記日本出願に記載された全ての記載内容を援用するものである。
所定の周期で、所定の容量の正極電解液及び負極電解液を混合する工程を備え、
前記所定の周期を320時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記所定の容量を、バナジウムイオンを含む正極電解液を貯留する正極タンク及びバナジウムイオンを含む負極電解液を貯留する負極タンクのうち、一方のタンクに設定される貯留容量のy%の量とし、
前記yをy=0.01%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを30時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.9%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを30時間超320時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを27.0%以下とする。
レドックスフロー電池(RF電池)の運転にあたり、水素の発生量を可及的に低減することが望まれる。
本開示のレドックスフロー電池の運転方法によれば、水素の発生量を低減できる。
最初に本発明の実施態様を列記して説明する。
(1)本発明の一態様に係るレドックスフロー電池(RF電池)の運転方法は、
所定の周期で、所定の容量の正極電解液及び負極電解液を混合する工程を備え、
前記所定の周期を320時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記所定の容量を、バナジウムイオンを含む正極電解液を貯留する正極タンク及びバナジウムイオンを含む負極電解液を貯留する負極タンクのうち、一方のタンクに設定される貯留容量のy%の量とし、
前記yをy=0.01%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを30時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.9%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを30時間超320時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを27.0%以下とする。
前記所定の周期を260時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記yをy=0.03%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを60時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.4%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを60時間超260時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを24.0%以下とする形態が挙げられる。
前記所定の周期を200時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記yをy=0.045%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを100時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.2%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを100時間超200時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを20.0%以下とする形態が挙げられる。
以下に図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態を具体的に説明する。図において同一符号は同一名称物を意味する。
まず、主に図2,図3を参照して実施形態のレドックスフロー電池(RF電池)の運転方法の実施に使用するRF電池10の一例を説明する。
RF電池10は、図2に示すように、電池セル10Cと、電池セル10Cに正極電解液及び負極電解液を循環供給する循環機構とを備える。
電池セル10Cは、正極電解液が供給される正極電極14と、負極電解液が供給される負極電極15と、正極電極14,負極電極15間に介在される隔膜11とを備える。RF電池10は、図2に示すような単一の電池セル10Cを備える単セル電池の他、複数の電池セル10Cを備える多セル電池が利用される。多セル電池は、代表的には、図3に示すセルスタック30と呼ばれる形態が利用される。
循環機構は、図2に示すように正極電極14に循環供給する正極電解液を貯留する正極タンク16と、負極電極15に循環供給する負極電解液を貯留する負極タンク17と、正極タンク16と電池セル10C(又はセルスタック)間を接続する配管162,164と、負極タンク17と電池セル10C(同)間を接続する配管172,174と、供給側の配管162,172に設けられたポンプ160,170とを備える。配管162,164,172,174はそれぞれ、上述の給液孔24i,25iや排液孔24o,25oによる流通管路が接続されて、各極の電解液の循環経路を構築する。
RF電池10に利用する電解液は、ここでは、活物質としてバナジウムイオンを含むバナジウム系電解液とする。代表的には、正極電解液は4価及び5価のバナジウムイオンを含み、負極電解液は2価及び3価のバナジウムイオンを含む。また、代表的には、上記バナジウム系電解液は、硫酸などを含む水溶液が挙げられる。
実施形態のRF電池の運転方法は、所定の周期で、所定の容量の正極電解液及び負極電解液を混合する工程(以下、混合工程と呼ぶことがある)を備える。特に、実施形態のRF電池の運転方法では、周期を比較的短めとし、かつ単位容量を比較的少なくして、比較的高頻度に少量ずつ、正極電解液と負極電解液とを混合する。このように頻繁に少量の混合を積極的に行うことで、実施形態のRF電池の運転方法は、特に負極電解液のバナジウムイオン濃度やSOCを調整して、負極側での水素ガスの発生量を低減する。
〈第一条件〉
《周期》320時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間
《1回の混合に用いる電解液の容量(単位容量)》バナジウムイオンを含む正極電解液を貯留する正極タンク16及びバナジウムイオンを含む負極電解液を貯留する負極タンク17のうち、一方のタンクに設定される貯留容量のy%の量とする。
(yの下限)y=0.01%×xで表される値以上
(yの上限)xを30時間以下の範囲から選択する場合:y=0.9%×xで表される値以下
xを30時間超320時間以下の範囲から選択する場合:y=27.0%以下
《周期》260時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間
《単位容量》
(yの下限)y=0.03%×xで表される値以上
(yの上限)xを60時間以下の範囲から選択する場合:y=0.4%×xで表される値以下
xを60時間超260時間以下の範囲から選択する場合:y=24.0%以下
《周期》200時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間
《単位容量》
(yの下限)y=0.045%×xで表される値以上
(yの上限)xを100時間以下の範囲から選択する場合:y=0.2%×xで表される値以下
xを100時間超200時間以下の範囲から選択する場合:y=20.0%以下
(β)正極側のポンプ160の圧力を負極側のポンプ170の圧力よりも高めに設定して、電池セル10Cに、単位容量分の正極電解液と単位容量分の負極電解液とを供給する。
(γ)混合工程の際に、電解液の温度を上げて、電池セル10Cに、単位容量分の正極電解液と単位容量分の負極電解液とを供給する。
実施形態のRF電池の運転方法は、太陽光発電、風力発電などの自然エネルギーの発電に対して、発電出力の変動の安定化、発電電力の余剰時の蓄電、負荷平準化などを目的とした蓄電池の運転に利用できる。また、実施形態のRF電池の運転方法は、一般的な発電所に併設されて、瞬低・停電対策や負荷平準化を目的とした蓄電池の運転に利用できる。
実施形態のRF電池の運転方法によれば、320時間以下という周期で、上述のタンクの貯留容量の1/3程度以下という比較的少ない単位容量として、正極電解液と負極電解液とを混合することで、水素ガスの発生量を低減できる。更に、実施形態のRF電池の運転方法は、電解液中における析出物の析出も低減できる。これらの効果を以下の試験例で具体的に説明する。
正負の電解液を混合する周期と、1回の混合に用いる電解液の容量(単位容量)とを種々異ならせて混合を行い、水素ガスの発生量と電解液中の析出物の発生状態とを調べた。
電流密度 120mA/cm2の定電流充電
端子電圧 下限放電電圧:1V、上限充電電圧:1.7V
(a)試料No.2と試料No.102との比較、試料No.3と試料No.103との比較から、周期は330時間未満が好ましい。
(b)試料No.1と試料No.101との比較から、周期を200時間程度とする場合、混合比率を1%超とすることが好ましい。
(c)試料No.3~No.5の試料群と、試料No.103~No.105の試料群との比較から、水素ガス及び析出物を低減可能な境界をこれらの試料群の間にとることが好ましい。
(d)試料No.5,No.6と、試料No.106との比較から、上記(c)の境界とは別に水素ガス及び析出物を低減可能な境界を設けることが好ましい。この境界は、試料No.5,No.6と、試料No.106との間にとることが好ましい。
10C 電池セル
11 隔膜
14 正極電極
15 負極電極
16 正極タンク
17 負極タンク
160,170 ポンプ
162,164,165,172,174,175 配管
16a,16b,17a,17b 弁
18 シール材
20 セルフレーム
21 双極板
22 枠体
24i,25i 給液孔
24o,25o 排液孔
26i,26o,27i,27o スリット
30 セルスタック
32 エンドプレート
33 締付部材
400 交流/直流変換器
410 変電設備
420 発電部
440 負荷
Claims (3)
- 所定の周期で、所定の容量の正極電解液及び負極電解液を混合する工程を備え、
前記所定の周期を320時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記所定の容量を、バナジウムイオンを含む正極電解液を貯留する正極タンク及びバナジウムイオンを含む負極電解液を貯留する負極タンクのうち、一方のタンクに設定される貯留容量のy%の量とし、
前記yをy=0.01%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを30時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.9%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを30時間超320時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを27.0%以下とするレドックスフロー電池の運転方法。 - 前記所定の周期を260時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記yをy=0.03%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを60時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.4%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを60時間超260時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを24.0%以下とする請求項1に記載のレドックスフロー電池の運転方法。 - 前記所定の周期を200時間以下の範囲から選択されるx時間とし、
前記yをy=0.045%×xで表される値以上とすると共に、
前記xを100時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yをy=0.2%×xで表される値以下とし、
前記xを100時間超200時間以下の範囲から選択する場合、前記yを20.0%以下とする請求項1に記載のレドックスフロー電池の運転方法。
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AU2018316335A AU2018316335B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-07-02 | Method for Operating Redox Flow Battery |
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CN201880003434.3A CN109661741B (zh) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-07-02 | 操作氧化还原液流电池的方法 |
US16/331,244 US10938054B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-07-02 | Method for operating redox flow battery |
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JP2001043884A (ja) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-02-16 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | レドックスフロー型2次電池およびその運転方法 |
JP2002175829A (ja) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-06-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 全バナジウムレドックスフロー電池および全バナジウムレドックスフロー電池の運転方法 |
JP2002252020A (ja) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-09-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | レドックスフロー電池 |
JP2003257467A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-12 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | レドックスフロー電池の運転方法 |
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JP2001043884A (ja) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-02-16 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | レドックスフロー型2次電池およびその運転方法 |
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JP2002252020A (ja) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-09-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | レドックスフロー電池 |
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