WO2019001372A1 - 变速器最高挡速比的确定方法和装置 - Google Patents

变速器最高挡速比的确定方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019001372A1
WO2019001372A1 PCT/CN2018/092496 CN2018092496W WO2019001372A1 WO 2019001372 A1 WO2019001372 A1 WO 2019001372A1 CN 2018092496 W CN2018092496 W CN 2018092496W WO 2019001372 A1 WO2019001372 A1 WO 2019001372A1
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engine
fuel consumption
speed
consumption rate
engine fuel
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PCT/CN2018/092496
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English (en)
French (fr)
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鲁立鹏
徐剑
卢永鑫
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长城汽车股份有限公司
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Priority to EP18823417.3A priority Critical patent/EP3640504B1/en
Priority to RU2020102063A priority patent/RU2729167C1/ru
Priority to US16/627,110 priority patent/US20200141834A1/en
Publication of WO2019001372A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019001372A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/021—Gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H2061/0015—Transmission control for optimising fuel consumptions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/74—Inputs being a function of engine parameters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicle speed ratio determination, in particular to a method and a device for determining a maximum speed ratio of a transmission.
  • the fuel economy of a vehicle refers to the ability of the vehicle to travel economically with as little fuel consumption as possible.
  • the main evaluation indicators are comprehensive fuel consumption and constant fuel consumption.
  • the comprehensive fuel consumption mainly evaluates the gear ratio of the whole engine and the transmission and the matching of the vehicle parameters.
  • Rationality, constant speed fuel consumption mainly evaluates the rationality of the matching of a certain gear of the vehicle engine and the transmission.
  • the transmission speed ratio range continues to increase, the number of gears continues to increase.
  • it is necessary to determine the speed ratio of each gear taking into account the vehicle driving form, the axle load distribution and the limitation of the gear torque of the transmission.
  • the determination method of the transmission 1 speed ratio is relatively simple, and the high gear of the transmission mainly pursues economy, and the range and frequency of use are also considered.
  • the present invention aims to propose a method for determining the highest speed ratio of the transmission to solve the problem of determining the maximum speed ratio of the transmission, the high input cost, and the low overall efficiency.
  • a method for determining a maximum gear ratio of a transmission comprising:
  • the speed ratio corresponding to the smallest of the obtained weighted average values of the engine fuel consumption rates is determined as the highest gear ratio of the transmission.
  • determining a minimum engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle when traveling at a plurality of vehicle speeds at a constant speed, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate including:
  • a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate are determined.
  • the determining, based on the engine characteristic data, a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate including:
  • a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate are determined based on the engine universal characteristic map.
  • the determining, based on the engine characteristic data, a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate including:
  • An interpolation operation is performed based on the engine characteristic data to obtain a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate.
  • the weighted average value of the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle at each of the speed ratios and each of the vehicle speeds at the same speed ratio includes:
  • the method for determining the highest speed ratio of the transmission of the present invention has the following advantages:
  • each speed ratio is obtained by using the lowest engine fuel consumption rate of the engine power corresponding to each vehicle speed, and then the weighted average value of the engine fuel consumption rate according to each speed ratio is obtained.
  • the speed ratio corresponding to the smallest of the weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rate is determined as the highest gear ratio of the transmission, and the highest gear ratio of the transmission based on fuel economy considerations is obtained, the time is low, the input cost is low, and the overall efficiency is high. .
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a determining device for the highest speed ratio of the transmission, which solves the problem of determining the time interval for the highest speed ratio of the transmission, high input cost, and low overall efficiency.
  • a determining device for the highest gear ratio of the transmission comprising:
  • a fuel consumption determining module configured to determine, according to engine universal characteristic data, a minimum engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to a vehicle traveling at a plurality of vehicle speeds at a constant speed, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate, the plurality of The vehicle speed is selected from the range of vehicle speed corresponding to the highest gear of the transmission;
  • a speed ratio calculation module for determining a speed ratio corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate for each of the lowest engine fuel consumption rate, wherein the speed ratio is an engine corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate Ratio of speed to vehicle speed;
  • An obtaining module configured to obtain a weighted average value of an engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to a vehicle traveling at a constant speed of each of the vehicle speeds at each of the speed ratios;
  • the speed ratio determining module is configured to determine a speed ratio corresponding to a minimum of the weighted average values of the acquired engine fuel consumption rates as the highest speed ratio of the transmission.
  • the fuel consumption determining module includes:
  • a power calculation unit configured to calculate engine powers when the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed of each of the vehicle speeds for the plurality of vehicle speeds
  • a fuel consumption obtaining unit configured to determine a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate based on the engine characteristic data.
  • the fuel consumption acquiring unit is specifically configured to generate an engine universal characteristic map based on the engine universal characteristic data; and determine a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers according to the engine universal characteristic map, And an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate.
  • the fuel consumption acquiring unit is specifically configured to perform an interpolation operation based on the engine characteristic data to obtain a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers, and an engine corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate. Rotating speed.
  • the acquiring module is specifically configured to acquire an engine fuel consumption rate when the vehicle runs at the same speed as each of the vehicle speeds at each of the speed ratios; and each of the speed ratios and each of the vehicle speeds The corresponding engine fuel consumption rate is weighted averaged to obtain a weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rate at each of the speed ratios, wherein the weight of the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each of the vehicle speeds is based on the vehicle speed Use frequency setting.
  • the determining method of the highest speed ratio of the transmission and the determining method of the highest speed ratio of the transmission are the same as those of the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method of determining a highest gear ratio of a transmission according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a determining device for a highest gear ratio of a transmission, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a determining device for a highest gear ratio of a transmission according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • 11-fuel consumption determination module 12-speed ratio calculation module, 13-acquisition module, 14-speed ratio determination module, 111-power calculation unit, 112-fuel consumption acquisition unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for determining a maximum speed ratio of a transmission according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1 , a method for determining a maximum speed ratio of a transmission is used in a determining device for a highest speed ratio of a transmission. . The method for determining the highest gear ratio of the transmission includes the following steps.
  • Step 101 Determine, according to engine universal characteristic data, a minimum engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to a vehicle traveling at a plurality of vehicle speeds at a constant speed, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate, wherein the plurality of vehicle speeds are slaves The speed range corresponding to the highest gear of the transmission is selected.
  • the engine universal characteristic data is a combination of all the load characteristics and speed characteristic data of the engine, which can represent the change relationship of the main parameters of the engine over the entire working range.
  • the most economical working area of the engine can be determined by the engine characteristic data.
  • the best performance area can be placed within the most common operating conditions. For example, when the engine outputs a certain power to the vehicle, it can find the engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the equal power line corresponding to the power.
  • the transmission has 6 gears, and the highest gear (ie 6 gears) has a speed range of 70km/h to 180km/h. .
  • the highest gear ratio of the transmission a plurality of vehicle speeds may be selected from a range of vehicle speeds corresponding to the highest gear of the transmission, and then a speed ratio suitable for the highest gear of the transmission is determined according to the fuel consumption information corresponding to the plurality of vehicle speeds, and the speed ratio can realize the vehicle. Driving at the highest gear economy.
  • the engine power at the same speed of each of the above vehicle speeds is calculated separately, and then the minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each engine power and the lowest engine fuel consumption rate are determined based on the engine characteristic data. Corresponding engine speed. When the vehicle is driving at different speeds at different speeds, the power generated by the engine is different. When the engine is at different speeds and torques, the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the same engine power is also different. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the vehicle. The minimum engine fuel consumption rate at the corresponding engine power and the engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate when traveling at the same speed at each vehicle speed.
  • the speed of the vehicle may be selected from an entire multiple of 10 km/h from the range corresponding to the highest gear of the transmission.
  • the speed range of the highest gear ie, 6 gears
  • the selected vehicle speed is selected. They are 70km/h, 80km/h, 90km/h, 100km/h, 110km/h, 120km/h, 130km/h, 140km/h, 150km/h, 160km/h, 170km/h, 180km/h.
  • the engine when determining the lowest engine fuel consumption rate at each engine power and the engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate based on the engine characteristic data, the engine can be generated based on the engine characteristic data. a characteristic map that determines a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each engine power and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate according to an engine characteristic map; and may perform interpolation calculation based on engine universal characteristic data, A minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each engine power and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate are obtained.
  • the MATLAB or UNIPLOT software can be used to import the engine characteristic data into the software, and then the MATLAB or UNIPLOT software can generate the engine characteristic map or perform the interpolation operation, thereby obtaining the lowest under each engine power. Engine fuel consumption rate, and engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate.
  • Step 102 Determine, for each of the minimum engine fuel consumption rates, a speed ratio corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate, wherein the speed ratio is an engine speed and a vehicle speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate ratio.
  • step 101 it is possible to determine a minimum engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle when traveling at the same speed as the above-mentioned respective vehicle speeds, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate, since the speed ratio is an engine corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate.
  • Step 103 Acquire a weighted average value of the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle when each of the speed ratios is driven at the same speed.
  • the vehicle travels at the above-mentioned respective vehicle speeds at the same speed ratio, and obtains the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each vehicle speed, and then the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each speed ratio and each vehicle speed.
  • a weighted average is performed to obtain a weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rates at each speed ratio, wherein the weight of the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each vehicle speed is set according to the frequency of use of the vehicle speed.
  • 12 vehicle speeds are selected, and 12 vehicle speeds correspond to 12 speed ratios.
  • the vehicles are driven at the same speed of 12 vehicles, and the vehicle can be obtained based on the engine characteristic data.
  • the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each vehicle speed has been set according to the frequency of use of 12 vehicle speeds. For example, if the frequency of 12 vehicle speeds is equal, the weight of each vehicle speed is 0.083; if 80km /h, 90km/h, 100km/h These three speeds are used at a higher frequency, and the three speeds are set to higher weights, while the weights set for other speeds are relatively lower.
  • the sum of the weights of all vehicle speeds is 1.
  • a weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rates of the twelve vehicle speeds is obtained to obtain a weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rates at the speed ratios.
  • Step 104 Determine a speed ratio corresponding to a minimum of the obtained weighted average values of engine fuel consumption rates as the highest gear ratio of the transmission.
  • the minimum ratio of the weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rates corresponding to the respective speed ratios obtained in step 103 Determining, by the minimum ratio of the weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rates corresponding to the respective speed ratios obtained in step 103, as the highest gear ratio of the transmission, the minimum indicating that at the corresponding speed ratio
  • the vehicle traveling at the same speed at each vehicle speed may correspond to the minimum engine fuel consumption rate after the weighted average, and the speed ratio is determined as the highest gear ratio of the transmission, which meets the demand of the highest economy.
  • the lowest engine fuel consumption rate under the engine power corresponding to each vehicle speed is used to obtain each speed ratio, and then weighted according to the engine fuel consumption rate under each speed ratio.
  • the average value determines the speed ratio corresponding to the smallest of the weighted average of the engine fuel consumption rate as the highest gear ratio of the transmission, and obtains the highest gear ratio of the transmission based on fuel economy considerations, with less time and low input cost. The overall efficiency is high.
  • the determining device for the highest speed ratio of the transmission includes: a fuel consumption determining module 11, a speed ratio calculating module 12, The acquisition module 13 and the speed ratio determination module 14 are obtained.
  • the fuel consumption determining module 11 is configured to determine, according to the engine characteristic data, a minimum engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle when traveling at a plurality of vehicle speeds, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate, The speed of the vehicle is selected from the range of vehicle speed corresponding to the highest gear of the transmission;
  • a speed ratio calculation module 12 configured to determine a speed ratio corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate for each of the lowest engine fuel consumption rates, wherein the speed ratio is corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate Ratio of engine speed to vehicle speed;
  • the obtaining module 13 is configured to obtain a weighted average value of the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle running at the same speed as each of the vehicle speeds at each of the speed ratios;
  • the speed ratio determination module 14 is configured to determine a speed ratio corresponding to a minimum of the obtained weighted average values of the engine fuel consumption rates as the transmission highest speed ratio.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a determining device for a highest gear ratio of a transmission according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the fuel consumption determining module 11 includes: a power calculating unit 111 and a fuel consumption.
  • the unit 112 is acquired.
  • the power calculation unit 111 is configured to calculate engine powers when the vehicle is traveling at the same speed as each of the vehicle speeds for the plurality of vehicle speeds;
  • the fuel consumption obtaining unit 112 is configured to determine a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate based on the engine characteristic data.
  • the fuel consumption obtaining unit 112 is configured to determine a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate based on the engine universal characteristic data, Specifically, the method includes: generating an engine universal characteristic map based on the engine universal characteristic data; determining, according to the engine universal characteristic map, a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers, and the lowest engine fuel consumption rate Corresponding engine speed.
  • the fuel consumption obtaining unit 112 is configured to determine a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate based on the engine universal characteristic data, Specifically, the interpolation operation is performed based on the engine characteristic data to obtain a minimum engine fuel consumption rate at each of the engine powers, and an engine speed corresponding to the lowest engine fuel consumption rate.
  • the obtaining module 13 is configured to obtain a weighted average value of the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to the vehicle at each of the speed ratios, and the vehicle fuel consumption rate corresponding to each of the vehicle speeds, specifically: acquiring the vehicle in each The ratio of the engine fuel consumption rate at the same speed as each of the vehicle speeds; the engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each of the vehicle speeds under each of the speed ratios is weighted and averaged, and a weighted average of engine fuel consumption rates at the speed ratio, wherein a weight of an engine fuel consumption rate corresponding to each of the vehicle speeds is set according to a frequency of use of the vehicle speed.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法和装置，所述变速器最高挡速比的确定方法，包括：基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速；针对每个最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比；获取车辆在每个速比下，以各个车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值；将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为变速器最高挡速比。所述方法得到基于燃油经济性考虑的变速器最高挡速比，用时少，投入成本低，总体效率高。

Description

变速器最高挡速比的确定方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆速比确定技术领域，特别涉及一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法和装置。
背景技术
车辆的燃油经济性是指车辆以尽量少的燃油消耗量经济行驶的能力，主要评价指标有综合油耗和等速油耗，综合油耗主要评价整车发动机、变速器各挡速比及整车参数匹配的合理性，等速油耗主要评价整车发动机和变速器某一挡位匹配的合理性。
随着变速器速比范围的不断加大，挡位的不断增多，为了提高车辆的性能，需要确定各挡位的速比，考虑到车辆驱动形式、轴荷分布及变速器各挡位扭矩的限制影响，变速器1挡速比的确定方法相对简单，而变速器高挡位主要追求经济性，同时还要考虑使用范围和频率。
目前市场中暂无变速器最高挡速比的确定流程和方法，因此无法在项目前期对车辆的发动机、变速器最高挡及整车的匹配情况进行评估，也就无法及时发现问题，而如果在项目后期才发现变速器最高挡速比存在燃油经济性或使用频率的问题，由于整车设计已基本冻结，部分模具及设备已经采购到位，更改空间相对较小，且用时较长，投入成本相对较大，不但效率低下，而且也不能达到预期效果，影响驾驶者体验。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提出一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法，以解决确定变速器最高挡速比用时长，投入成本高，总体效率低的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法，包括：
基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，所述多个车速为从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取的；
针对每个所述最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比，其中，所述速比为与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比；
获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值；
将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比。
进一步的，所述基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
针对所述多个车速，分别计算车辆以每个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机功率；
基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
基于发动机万有特性数据生成发动机万有特性图；
根据所述发动机万有特性图，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动 机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
基于发动机万有特性数据进行插值运算，得到在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，包括：
获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机燃油消耗率；
将每个所述速比下、各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均，得出在每个所述速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，其中，各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的权值根据该车速的使用频率设定。
相对于现有技术，本发明所述的变速器最高挡速比的确定方法具有以下优势：
从整车最高挡对应的车速范围及车速使用频率出发，利用各车速对应的发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率得到各速比，再根据各速比下的发动机燃油消耗率加权平均值的大小，将发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为变速器最高挡速比，得到基于燃油经济性考虑的变速器最高挡速比，用时少，投入成本低，总体效率高。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种变速器最高挡速比的确定装置，以解决确定变速器最高挡速比用时长，投入成本高，总体效率低的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
变速器最高挡速比的确定装置，包括：
油耗确定模块，用于基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃 油消耗率对应的发动机转速，所述多个车速为从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取的；
速比计算模块，用于针对每个所述最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比，其中，所述速比为与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比；
获取模块，用于获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值；
速比确定模块，用于将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比。
进一步的，所述油耗确定模块包括：
功率计算单元，用于针对所述多个车速，分别计算车辆以每个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机功率；
油耗获取单元，用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述油耗获取单元，具体用于基于发动机万有特性数据生成发动机万有特性图；根据所述发动机万有特性图，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述油耗获取单元，具体用于基于发动机万有特性数据进行插值运算，得到在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述获取模块，具体用于获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机燃油消耗率；将每个所述速比下、各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均，得出在每个所述速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，其中，各个所述车速所对应的发动 机燃油消耗率的权值根据该车速的使用频率设定。
所述变速器最高挡速比的确定装置与上述变速器最高挡速比的确定方法相对于现有技术所具有的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法的流程图。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种变速器最高挡速比的确定装置框图。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种变速器最高挡速比的确定装置框图。
附图标记说明：
11-油耗确定模块，12-速比计算模块，13-获取模块，14-速比确定模块，111-功率计算单元，112-油耗获取单元。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法的流程图，如图1所示，变速器最高挡速比的确定方法用于变速器最高挡速比的确定装置中。变速器最高挡速比的确定方法包括以下步骤。
步骤101，基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时 分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，所述多个车速为从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取的。
发动机万有特性数据是发动机的所有负荷特性和速度特性数据的合成，可以表示发动机在整个工作范围内主要参数的变化关系，通过发动机万有特性数据可以确定发动机最经济的工作区域。在发动机参数匹配过程中，通过匹配发动机万有特性数据中的参数，可以使得最佳性能区域落在最常用的工况范围内。例如，当发动机向车辆输出某一功率时，可以找出该功率对应的等功率线上对应的最低发动机燃油油耗率对应的发动机转速。另外，在项目前期，通常会对车辆变速器的挡位、车速等有一个初步的规划，例如，变速器有6个挡位，最高挡(即6挡)的车速范围为70km/h～180km/h。为了确定变速器最高挡速比，可以从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取多个车速，然后根据这多个车速对应的油耗信息确定出适用于变速器最高挡的速比，该速比可以实现车辆在最高挡的经济性行驶。
本实施例，先分别计算车辆以每个上述车速等速行驶时的发动机功率，然后基于发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。车辆以不同的车速等速行驶时，发动机产生的功率是各不相同的，而发动机在不同的转速、扭矩时，相同的发动机功率对应的发动机燃油消耗率也各有不同，因此需要确定出车辆以各个车速等速行驶时，分别对应的发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
可选的，车速的选取可以从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取10km/h的整倍数，例如，最高挡(即6挡)的车速范围为70km/h～180km/h，选取出来的车速分别为70km/h，80km/h，90km/h，100km/h，110km/h，120km/h，130km/h，140km/h，150km/h，160km/h，170km/h，180km/h。
可选的，在基于发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个发动机功率下的最 低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速时，可以基于发动机万有特性数据生成发动机万有特性图，根据发动机万有特性图，确定在每个发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速；还可以基于发动机万有特性数据进行插值运算，得到在每个发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。本实施例中，可以利用MATLAB或者UNIPLOT软件，将发动机万有特性数据导入到软件中，然后由MATLAB或者UNIPLOT软件生成发动机万有特性图或者进行插值运算，从而得到在每个发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
步骤102，针对每个所述最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比，其中，所述速比为与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比。
通过步骤101可以确定出车辆以上述各个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，由于速比为与最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比，因此再通过步骤102可以确定出每个最低发动机燃油消耗率所对应的速比，该速比与车速也是一一对应的。
步骤103，获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值。
该步骤中，车辆在上述每个速比下，以上述各个车速等速行驶，获取到各个车速分别对应的发动机燃油消耗率，再将每个速比下、各个车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均，得出在每个速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，其中，各个车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的权值根据该车速的使用频率设定。
例如，根据上述举例选出来12个车速，12个车速对应了12个速比， 在其中某一速比下，车辆分别以12个车速等速行驶，基于发动机万有特性数据可以获取到这12个车速分别对应的发动机燃油消耗率，此前已经根据12个车速的使用频率设定了各个车速的权值，例如，若12个车速使用频率相等，则各个车速的权值均为0.083；若80km/h，90km/h，100km/h这3个车速的使用频率较高，则给这3个车速设定较高的权值，而对其他车速设定的权值则相对较低。所有车速的权值相加总和为1。在前述的某一速比下，对12个车速的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均即可得到该速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值。
步骤104，将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比。
将步骤103中获取到的各个速比对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比，该最小者表明在其对应的速比下，车辆以各个车速等速行驶可以对应于加权平均后最小的发动机燃油消耗率，将该速比确定为变速器最高挡速比，符合最高挡经济性行驶的需求。
本实施例，从整车最高挡对应的车速范围及车速使用频率出发，利用各车速对应的发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率得到各速比，再根据各速比下的发动机燃油消耗率加权平均值的大小，将发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为变速器最高挡速比，得到基于燃油经济性考虑的变速器最高挡速比，用时少，投入成本低，总体效率高。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种变速器最高挡速比的确定装置框图，如图2所示，变速器最高挡速比的确定装置包括：油耗确定模块11、速比计算模块12、获取模块13以及速比确定模块14。
油耗确定模块11，用于基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，所述多个车速为从变速器最高挡对应的车 速范围内选取的；
速比计算模块12，用于针对每个所述最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比，其中，所述速比为与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比；
获取模块13，用于获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值；
速比确定模块14，用于将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种变速器最高挡速比的确定装置框图，如图3所示，在图2所示框图基础上，油耗确定模块11包括：功率计算单元111和油耗获取单元112。
功率计算单元111，用于针对所述多个车速，分别计算车辆以每个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机功率；
油耗获取单元112，用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述油耗获取单元112用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，具体包括：基于发动机万有特性数据生成发动机万有特性图；根据所述发动机万有特性图，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述油耗获取单元112用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，具体包括：基于发动机万有特性数据进行插值运算，得到在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率， 以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
进一步的，所述获取模块13用于获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，具体包括：获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机燃油消耗率；将每个所述速比下、各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均，得出在每个所述速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，其中，各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的权值根据该车速的使用频率设定。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得单片机、芯片或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种变速器最高挡速比的确定方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，所述多个车速为从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取的；
    针对每个所述最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比，其中，所述速比为与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比；
    获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值；
    将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
    针对所述多个车速，分别计算车辆以每个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机功率；
    基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
    基于发动机万有特性数据生成发动机万有特性图；
    根据所述发动机万有特性图，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
    基于发动机万有特性数据进行插值运算，得到在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，包括：
    获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机燃油消耗率；
    将每个所述速比下、各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均，得出在每个所述速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，其中，各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的权值根据该车速的使用频率设定。
  6. 一种变速器最高挡速比的确定装置，其特征在于，包括：
    油耗确定模块，用于基于发动机万有特性数据，确定车辆以多个车速等速行驶时分别对应的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，所述多个车速为从变速器最高挡对应的车速范围内选取的；
    速比计算模块，用于针对每个所述最低发动机燃油消耗率，确定与该 最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的速比，其中，所述速比为与该最低发动机燃油消耗率相对应的发动机转速和车速之比；
    获取模块，用于获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值；
    速比确定模块，用于将获取到的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值中的最小者所对应的速比确定为所述变速器最高挡速比。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述油耗确定模块包括：
    功率计算单元，用于针对所述多个车速，分别计算车辆以每个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机功率；
    油耗获取单元，用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述油耗获取单元用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
    基于发动机万有特性数据生成发动机万有特性图；
    根据所述发动机万有特性图，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述油耗获取单元用于基于所述发动机万有特性数据，确定在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速，包括：
    基于发动机万有特性数据进行插值运算，得到在每个所述发动机功率下的最低发动机燃油消耗率，以及与所述最低发动机燃油消耗率对应的发动机转速。
  10. 根据权利要求6～9中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取模块用于获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值包括：
    获取车辆在每个所述速比下，以各个所述车速等速行驶时的发动机燃油消耗率；
    将每个所述速比下、各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率进行加权平均，得出在每个所述速比下的发动机燃油消耗率的加权平均值，其中，各个所述车速所对应的发动机燃油消耗率的权值根据该车速的使用频率设定。
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