WO2018218681A1 - 一种发声装置和发声座椅 - Google Patents

一种发声装置和发声座椅 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018218681A1
WO2018218681A1 PCT/CN2017/087045 CN2017087045W WO2018218681A1 WO 2018218681 A1 WO2018218681 A1 WO 2018218681A1 CN 2017087045 W CN2017087045 W CN 2017087045W WO 2018218681 A1 WO2018218681 A1 WO 2018218681A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
sound hole
chamber
hole
seat
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/087045
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈坚胜
Original Assignee
陈坚胜
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 陈坚胜 filed Critical 陈坚胜
Priority to PCT/CN2017/087045 priority Critical patent/WO2018218681A1/zh
Publication of WO2018218681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018218681A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of audio playback devices, and in particular, to a sound emitting device and an audible seat.
  • the bass audio signal from the existing subwoofer not only restores well, but also makes other senses of the human body feel "vibration", in the restoration of certain movie scenes (such as earthquakes, engine roars).
  • the sound is squeaky, giving people a sense of shock that is immersive.
  • the subwoofer usually has a large power, and the bass audio signal has a long wavelength, which causes the bass audio signal to travel farther. In the home and entertainment places, it often affects the surrounding residents and forms noise pollution to the outside world, thus greatly limiting the bass. The range of use of the speaker.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device and an audible seat, which reduce the sound interference to the external environment while listening to music.
  • an embodiment provides a sounding device including a speaker, adjacent but separated from each other by a first sound chamber and a second sound chamber; the speaker is disposed in the first sound chamber Adjacent to the second sound chamber, the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker faces the first sound chamber, and the back surface faces the second sound chamber.
  • the cavity wall of the first sound chamber is provided with at least one first sound hole and at least a second sound hole, the chamber wall of the second sound chamber is provided with at least one third sound hole, and the at least one first sound hole or the second sound hole has a different mouth opening direction from the third sound hole.
  • an audible seat in an embodiment, including a seat and a speaker, and further includes first and second sound chambers adjacent to each other but separated from each other, the speaker Provided at an adjacent portion of the first sound chamber and the second sound chamber; a front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker faces the first sound chamber, a back surface faces the second sound chamber, and at least a portion of the first sound chamber is located below the seat cushion
  • the chamber wall of the first sound chamber is provided with at least one first sound hole and at least one second sound hole, and at least one of the cavity walls of the second sound chamber is disposed a third sound hole, the third sound hole is located at a back side or a side surface of the sounding seat, and at least one of the first sound hole or the second sound hole has a different cornice direction from the third sound hole.
  • the audio signal is propagated to a certain area through the first sound hole and the second sound hole, and the third sound hole utilizes the principle of the acoustic short circuit to reduce the area outside the area.
  • the audio signal reduces the noise pollution generated by the outside world.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a front side of an embodiment of a sounding seat provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the back side of an embodiment of the sounding seat provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a front side of an embodiment of a sounding seat provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a side view of an embodiment of a sounding seat provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of forming a listening area A in a plan view according to an embodiment of the sounding seat provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of forming a listening area A in a front view state according to another embodiment of the sounding seat provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a front side of another embodiment of a sounding seat provided by the present invention.
  • the acoustic short circuit means that the diaphragm of the speaker moves forward or backward, and the sound waves are reversed, leading to the sound waves canceling each other, so the sound is also light.
  • a woofer is a type of speaker that is a transducer that converts an electronic signal into a sound.
  • Bone conduction It is a way of sound transmission, which converts sound into mechanical vibrations of different frequencies, and transmits sound waves through human bones such as skull, bone labyrinth, inner ear lymphatic transmission, auger, auditory nerve, and auditory center. Compared to the classical sound transmission method that produces sound waves through the diaphragm, bone conduction eliminates many steps of sound wave transmission, enabling clear sound reproduction in noisy environments, and sound waves are not affected by others in the air. .
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device which may be a sound box device including a cabinet and a speaker, or an audio system including a speaker, a power amplifier, and the like.
  • the sounding device comprises a speaker (horn) 20, adjacent but separated from each other by a first sound chamber 30 and a second sound chamber 40.
  • the speaker 20 is disposed adjacent to the first sound chamber 30 and the second sound chamber 40.
  • the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker 20 faces the first sound chamber 30, and the back surface faces the second sound chamber 40.
  • the speaker 20 The diaphragm is disposed between the first sound chamber 30 and the second sound chamber 40, and the diaphragm can be regarded as a partition between the first sound chamber 30 and the second sound chamber 40 (ie, the diaphragm is two sound chamber phases) Adjacent to the wall of the cavity), the two sound chambers are adjacent here.
  • the chamber wall of the first sound chamber 30 is provided with at least one first sound hole 310 and at least one second sound hole 320.
  • the cavity wall of the second sound chamber 40 is provided with at least one third sound hole 410, at least one first The sound hole 310 or the second sound hole 320 has a different pupil direction from the third sound hole 410.
  • the audio vibration signal (sound) emitted from the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker 20 passes through the first sound chamber 30, and then propagates to a certain area through the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320.
  • the mouth direction (orientation) of the third sound hole 410 is different from the first sound hole 310 or the second sound hole 320, and the phase of the audio vibration signal emitted by the third sound hole 410 is different from the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole
  • the hole 320 is reversed, so that the area facing the third sound hole 410 has an acoustic short circuit, and the audio vibration signal of the area is weakened, which reduces noise pollution to the outside.
  • One or more of the speakers 20 may be provided, and this embodiment employs four speaker array settings.
  • the speaker usually has a tweeter, a midrange speaker and a woofer.
  • This embodiment uses a woofer with a frequency range of 16-256 Hz, covering extremely low frequencies (20 Hz-40 Hz), low frequencies (40 Hz-80 Hz), and Medium and low frequency (80Hz-160Hz).
  • the first sound chamber 30 has a substantially (substantial) U-shaped cross section, and the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are respectively disposed on the inner cavity walls of the arms of the U-shaped body.
  • the substantially U-shaped means that the arms 32 are disposed on both sides of the bottom portion 31 of the first sound chamber 30, and the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are respectively disposed on the inner cavity walls of the two arms, so that The two sound holes are facing each other.
  • the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 3 20 are formed as a listening area A for the user to be in and receive the audio vibration signal; in other words, The user is in between the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 to enjoy the sound (such as music) emitted by the sounding device.
  • the opposite direction is such that the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are separated by a certain distance, and the mouth direction of the two is toward the other side, that is, the orientations of the two mouths include the opposite direction (two inches)
  • the angle of the mouth is 180°), and it can also be obtuse (the angle between the two jaws is 90.-180°).
  • the pupil directions of the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are oppositely disposed.
  • the second sound chamber 40 has a substantially L-shaped cross section, and the bottom portion 41 of the L-shape is vertically adjacent to the bottom portion 31 of the U-shape, and the third The sound hole 310 is disposed on the outer cavity wall of the L-shaped vertical portion 42.
  • At least one barrier 50 is disposed between the first sound hole 310, the second sound hole 320 and the third sound hole 410, and the barrier 50 is used to separate the listening area A from the third sound hole That is, the audio vibration signal that blocks the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 is propagated in a straight line to the third sound hole 410.
  • the spacer 50 is disposed such that the sound from the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 bypasses the barrier 50 into the third sound hole 410, thereby forming an acoustic short circuit outside the listening area A.
  • the mouth of the third sound hole 410 It is perpendicular to the first sound hole 310 and/or the second sound hole 320.
  • the L-shaped vertical portion 42 is a flat cavity, the cavity wall of which functions as a barrier 50, in other words, in the present embodiment, the barrier 50 is a part of the second acoustic cavity.
  • the sound coming out of the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 is an effective sound, and the sound wave of the effective sound in a certain plane is indicated by a solid circle in FIG. 5; the sound coming out of the third sound hole 410 The sound wave is represented by a dotted circle.
  • a good listening area (space) A is formed between the mouth of the first sound hole 310, the mouth of the second sound hole 320, and the barrier 50 (the two solid lines overlap) Area). Due to the blocking of the barrier 50, the sound coming out of the third sound hole 410 rarely enters the listening area A, and the acoustic short circuit in the listening area A is slight.
  • the area where the dotted circle overlaps with the solid circle has an acoustic short circuit. It can be seen that except for the listening area A, the sound heard in other areas is small, which effectively reduces the noise that the listening music, especially the bass, brings to the outside world. , so that the use of the speaker is not limited by the place.
  • the barrier 50 is preferably a sound absorbing material, and may be a baffle, a U-shaped plate or the like.
  • the shortest distance that the sound from the first sound hole 310 bypasses the barrier 50 and enters the third sound hole 410 is S1
  • the sound from the second sound hole 320 bypasses the barrier 50 and enters the third sound hole 410.
  • the shortest distance is S2
  • the distance between the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 is L.
  • the setting of the barrier 50 satisfies S1 ⁇ 1/2L, S2 ⁇ 1/2L.
  • the sound from the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 is first transmitted to the human ear or the human body, and then transmitted to the first
  • the three-tone hole 410, the listening area A where the user is located does not have an acoustic short circuit, which ensures that the user can obtain the maximum sound in the listening area A.
  • the first sound hole 310, the second sound hole 320, and the third sound hole 410 are elongated, and the longitudinal direction of the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the third sound hole 410 is The long side direction is perpendicular or at an angle to the horizontal plane. Of course, it may be other shapes, or multiple sound cell arrays of the same type.
  • the position of the third sound hole 410 for forming an acoustic short is different from that of the first embodiment.
  • At least one fourth sound hole 420 is further disposed on the cavity wall of the second sound chamber 40.
  • the first sound hole 310 and the third sound hole 410 are on one side of the listening area A and the mouth is opposite in direction.
  • the second sound hole 320 and the fourth sound hole 420 are on the other side of the listening area A and the mouth is opposite in direction.
  • At least two barriers 50 are provided, and a barrier 50 is used to separate the listening area A from the third sound hole 410 to block the audio vibration signal from the first sound hole 310 from traveling to the third sound in a straight line. Hole 410.
  • Another barrier 50 is used to separate the listening area A from the fourth sound hole 420 to block the audio vibration signal from the second sound hole 320 from traveling to a straight line to The fourth sound hole 420.
  • the present embodiment is provided with three barriers 50, and the third barrier 50 is connected to the first two barriers 50, and is located near the third or fourth sound holes 410 or 420 of the first two barriers 50.
  • the three barriers 50 are formed in a U shape, the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are disposed on the inner side of the U shape, and the third sound hole 410 and the fourth sound hole 420 are disposed at The outer side of the U shape.
  • the sound emitted from the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker 20 is emitted through the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 of the first sound chamber 30, bypassing the spacer 50, and entering the third sound hole 410 or
  • the fourth sound hole 420 forms a closed loop.
  • the first sound hole 310, the second sound hole 320 and the spacer 50 form a listening area A, and the principle of the acoustic short circuit is used to reduce the sound of other areas, so that the user does not disturb the music while listening to music.
  • the sounding device of the present invention has no phase inversion tube, and the sum of the areas of all the third sound holes 410 on the wall of the second sound chamber 40 and the sum of the areas of all the fourth sound holes 420 are greater than 0.4 times the effective diaphragm.
  • the vibration area that is, the third sound hole 410 and the fourth sound hole 420 are not inverted, and the sound forms an acoustic short circuit in the sound field between the first sound hole 310 and the third sound hole 310, and the sound is in the second sound hole 320 and An acoustic short circuit is formed in the sound field between the third sound holes 310.
  • the features regarding the third sound hole 410 are also adapted to the fourth sound hole 420.
  • the sum of the area of the mouth of all the third sound holes 4 10 and the area of the mouth of all the fourth sound holes 420 is greater than or equal to 4 square centimeters.
  • the sounding device of the present invention is also a closed loop sounding device, and the speaker has good low frequency characteristics.
  • Closed-loop Refers to a control relationship in which the output of the sound is returned to the input as a spherical wave and the control is applied to the input. That is, the output is fed back to the input by "sidechain". The output is fed back to the input and participates in re-control of the output. This is the purpose of closed-loop control, which is achieved through feedback.
  • the first sound chamber 30 is provided with a vibration conductor 60
  • the vibration conductor 60 is formed with a human body support position
  • the vibration conductor 60 is configured to receive the audio vibration transmitted in the first sound chamber 30.
  • the signal, and the audio vibration signal is transmitted to the human bone through contact with the human body at the support position of the human body.
  • the sounding device of the present invention also has a function of bone conduction
  • the vibration conductor 60 is preferably a vibration conducting plate.
  • the human body support position is a part of the vibration conductor for supporting the human body. Bone conduction can transmit extremely low frequency audio vibration signals of 30 Hz and below to the human body, greatly improving the low frequency characteristics of the speaker.
  • the speaker 20 faces the vibration conduction plate, that is, the audio vibration signal (sound) emitted by the speaker 20 passes through the loading of the first cavity 30, causing the vibration conduction plate to vibrate, thereby transmitting the audio vibration signal to the human body, realizing the bone. Conduction.
  • the support position of the human body is a position for the human body to sit or lie, that is, a sitting position or a lying position.
  • a seat cushion or a mattress can be arranged on the support position of the human body.
  • the sounding device is a sounding seat, including a seat and a speaker 20 as described above, and similarly, adjacent but separated from each other.
  • the speaker 20 is disposed adjacent to the first sound chamber 30 and the second sound chamber 40.
  • the front surface of the diaphragm of the speaker 20 faces the first sound chamber 30, and the back surface faces the second sound chamber 40.
  • At least a portion of the first sound chamber 30 is located under the seat, and the chamber wall of the first sound chamber 30 is provided with at least one first sound hole 310 and at least one second sound hole 320, and the second sound chamber 40
  • the chamber wall is provided with at least one third sound hole 410, and the third sound hole 410 is located at the back or side of the sounding seat, at least one of the first sound hole 310 or the second sound hole 320 and the third sound hole 410 has different cornice directions.
  • the speaker is a woofer
  • the third sound hole 410 is located at the back of the audible seat.
  • the audible seat further includes an armrest 120 disposed on two sides of the seat stool and a backrest 110 disposed on the other side of the seat and located between the two armrests, the first sound chamber 30 having a substantially U-shaped cross section.
  • the two arms of the U-shape are respectively formed in the two armrests 120, and the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are respectively disposed inside the two armrests 120.
  • the pupil direction of the first sound hole 310 and the second sound hole 320 are oppositely disposed, and a listening area A for the user to acquire an audio vibration signal is formed.
  • the second sound chamber 40 has a substantially L-shaped cross section, the bottom portion 41 of the L-shape is vertically adjacent to the bottom portion 31 of the U-shape, the L-shaped vertical portion 42 is formed in the backrest, and the third sound hole 410 is disposed in the back. The back of the backrest.
  • the setting is such that the backrest 110 and the two armrests 120 are the main barriers, and the listening area A is located above the seat and in front of the backrest 110, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the user can enjoy the best bass effect when sitting in the sounding seat, and the sound is small due to the acoustic short circuit outside the sounding seat.
  • the first sound chamber 30 includes three portions, and the bottom portion 31 and the arm 32 are both rectangular cavities.
  • the bottom portion 31 is disposed under the seat stool, and the other two.
  • the rectangular cavities are connected, and the other two rectangular cavities are respectively disposed in the two armrests 120, and the propagation direction of the audio vibration signal is as shown by the solid arrows in FIG. [0043]
  • the seat is provided with a vibration conduction plate, that is, a board for the user to sit on the seat, and the seat is supported by the human body.
  • the vibration conducting plate is configured to receive an audio vibration signal transmitted in the first sound chamber 30 and transmit the audio vibration signal to a human bone.
  • the third sound hole 410 is located at the side of the sounding seat, and the back surface of the backrest is not bored.
  • the chamber wall of the second sound chamber 40 is further provided with at least one fourth sound hole 420, and the third sound hole 410 and the fourth sound hole 420 are respectively disposed outside the two armrests 120. That is, the first sound hole 310 is disposed on the inner side of the one side arm, the third sound hole 410 is disposed on the outer side of the one side arm; the second sound hole 320 is disposed on the inner side of the other side arm, and the fourth sound hole 420 is disposed on the other side. The outside of the side armrest.
  • the first sound hole 31 0 is located at an upper portion of the armrest 120
  • the third sound hole 410 is located at a lower portion of the armrest 120
  • the second sound hole 320 is located at an upper portion of the armrest 120
  • the fourth sound hole 420 is located at a lower portion of the armrest 120.
  • the arrangement is such that the two armrests 120 and the seat are the main barriers, and the listening area A is located above the seat and in front of the backrest 110, as shown in Fig. 6. The user can enjoy the best bass effect when sitting in the sounding seat, and the sound is short due to the acoustic short circuit outside the sounding seat.
  • the arrangement of the third sound hole 410 and the fourth sound hole 420 which only form the sound reflow in this embodiment is different from that of the third embodiment.
  • the second sound cavity 40 does not need to extend into the backrest 110 (no shape requirement), and other features are the same. No longer.
  • the vocal seat can also be equipped with a tweeter, a midrange speaker or a full-range speaker, and cooperate with the woofer to realize full-band stereo playback of music.
  • the audible seat is an audible sofa or a speaker/audio sofa. The structure and principle of the audible seat have been described in detail in the embodiment of the sounding device and will not be described herein.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

一种发声装置和发声座椅，其中，发声装置包括扬声器（20），相邻但彼此分隔的第一音腔（30）和第二音腔（40）；扬声器（20）设置于第一音腔（30）和第二音腔（40）的一相邻处，扬声器（20）的振膜的正面朝向第一音腔（30），背面朝向第二音腔（40），第一音腔（30）的腔壁上设置有至少一个第一音孔（310）以及至少一个第二音孔（320），第二音腔（40）的腔壁上设置有至少一个第三音孔（410），至少一个第一音孔（310）或第二音孔（320）与第三音孔（410）具有不同的开口方向。通过第一音孔（310）和第二音孔（320）向某一区域传播音频信号，第三音孔（410）利用了声短路的原理降低该区域以外的区域的音频信号，减小了对外界产生的噪音污染。

Description

说明书 发明名称：一种发声装置和发声座椅
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及音频播放设备领域， 具体涉及一种发声装置和发声座椅。
背景技术
[0002] 现有的低音音箱 （低音炮） 发出的低音音频信号， 不仅还原效果好， 而且使人 的其它感官能感受到 "振动"， 在还原某些电影场景 （如地震、 发动机轰鸣） 的声 音吋， 使人有身临其境的震撼感觉。 但低音音箱通常功率较大， 低音音频信号 波长较长， 导致低音音频信号传播得较远， 在家庭和娱乐场所使用吋常会影响 到周边居民， 对外界形成噪音污染， 故极大的限制了低音音箱的使用范围。
[0003] 因此， 现有技术还有待改进和提高。
技术问题
[0004] 本发明提供一种发声装置和发声座椅， 在听音乐的同吋降低对外界环境的声音 干扰。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0005] 根据本发明的第一方面， 一种实施例中提供一种发声装置， 包括扬声器， 相邻 但彼此分隔的第一音腔和第二音腔； 所述扬声器设置于第一音腔和第二音腔的 一相邻处， 所述扬声器的振膜的正面朝向第一音腔， 背面朝向第二音腔,第一音 腔的腔壁上设置有至少一个第一音孔以及至少一个第二音孔,第二音腔的腔壁上 设置有至少一个第三音孔， 至少一个第一音孔或第二音孔与第三音孔具有不同 的幵口方向。
[0006] 根据本发明的第二方面， 一种实施例中提供一种发声座椅， 包括坐凳和扬声器 ， 还包括相邻但彼此分隔的第一音腔和第二音腔， 所述扬声器设置于第一音腔 和第二音腔的一相邻处； 所述扬声器的振膜的正面朝向第一音腔， 背面朝向第 二音腔，至少部分第一音腔位于所述坐凳下方， 所述第一音腔的腔壁上设置有至 少一个第一音孔以及至少一个第二音孔,所述第二音腔的腔壁上设置有至少一个 第三音孔， 所述第三音孔位于发声座椅的背面或侧面， 至少一个所述第一音孔 或第二音孔与第三音孔具有不同的幵口方向。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0007] 依据上述实施例的发声装置和发声座椅， 通过第一音孔和第二音孔向某一区域 传播音频信号， 第三音孔利用了声短路的原理降低该区域以外的区域的音频信 号， 减小了对外界产生的噪音污染。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0008] 图 1为本发明提供的发声座椅一实施例正面的立体图；
[0009] 图 2为本发明提供的发声座椅一实施例背面的立体图；
[0010] 图 3为本发明提供的发声座椅一实施例正面的剖视图；
[0011] 图 4为本发明提供的发声座椅一实施例侧面的剖视图；
[0012] 图 5为本发明提供的发声座椅一实施例中， 在俯视状态下， 形成听声区域 A的原 理示意图；
[0013] 图 6为本发明提供的发声座椅另一实施例中， 在正视状态下， 形成听声区域 A的 原理示意图；
[0014] 图 7为本发明提供的发声座椅另一实施例正面的立体图。
本发明的实施方式
[0015] 具体实施方式
[0016] 下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。 其中不同实施方 式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。 在以下的实施方式中， 很多细 节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。 然而， 本领域技术人员可以毫不费 力的认识到， 其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的， 或者可以由其他元件 、 材料、 方法所替代。 在某些情况下， 本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书 中显示或者描述， 这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没， 而对 于本领域技术人员而言， 详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的， 他们根据说明 书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
[0017] 另外， 说明书中所描述的特点、 操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成 各种实施方式。 同吋， 方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人 员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。 因此， 说明书和附图中的各种顺 序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例， 并不意味着是必须的顺序， 除非另有说明 其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
[0018] 本文中为部件所编序号本身， 例如"第一"、 "第二 "等， 仅用于区分所描述的对 象， 不具有任何顺序或技术含义。
[0019] 本发明中用到的术语定义：
[0020] 声短路， 是指扬声器的振膜向前或向后运动吋声波是反相的， 导至声波互相抵 消， 所以声音也很轻。
[0021] 低音扬声器是扬声器的一种， 是一种转换电子信号成为声音的换能器。
[0022] 骨传导： 是一种声音传导方式， 即将声音转化为不同频率的机械振动， 通过人 的骨头， 例如颅骨、 骨迷路、 内耳淋巴液传递、 螺旋器、 听神经、 听觉中枢来 传递声波。 相对于通过振膜产生声波的经典声音传导方式， 骨传导省去了许多 声波传递的步骤， 能在嘈杂的环境中实现清晰的声音还原， 而且声波也不会因 为在空气中扩散而影响到他人。
[0023] 本发明提供一种发声装置， 其可以是包括箱体和扬声器的音箱装置， 也可以是 包括音箱、 功率放大器等设备的音响系统。
[0024] 请参阅图 1、 图 2和图 3， 所述发声装置包括扬声器 （喇叭） 20， 相邻但彼此分 隔的第一音腔 30和第二音腔 40。 扬声器 20设置于第一音腔 30和第二音腔 40的一 相邻处， 扬声器 20的振膜的正面朝向第一音腔 30， 背面朝向第二音腔 40; 换而 言之， 扬声器 20的振膜设置在第一音腔 30和第二音腔 40之间， 振膜可视为第一 音腔 30和第二音腔 40之间的隔断物 （即振膜为两个音腔相邻处腔壁的一部分） ， 两个音腔在此处相邻。 第一音腔 30的腔壁上设置有至少一个第一音孔 310以及 至少一个第二音孔 320,第二音腔 40的腔壁上设置有至少一个第三音孔 410， 至少 一个第一音孔 310或第二音孔 320与第三音孔 410具有不同的幵口方向。 [0025] 扬声器 20振膜正面发出的音频振动信号 （声音） 经过第一音腔 30后， 经第一音 孔 310和第二音孔 320向某一区域传播出来。 由于第三音孔 410的幵口方向 （朝向 ) 与第一音孔 310或第二音孔 320不同， 且第三音孔 410发出的音频振动信号的相 位与第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320相反， 故第三音孔 410朝向的区域存在声短路， 该区域的音频振动信号减弱， 减小了对外界产生的噪音污染。 扬声器 20可设置 一个或多个， 本实施例采用 4个扬声器阵列设置。
[0026] 扬声器通常有高音扬声器、 中音扬声器和低音扬声器， 本实施例采用低音扬声 器， 其频响范围在 16— 256Hz， 涵盖了极低频 （20Hz-40Hz) 、 低频 （40Hz-80H z) 和中低频 （80Hz-160Hz) 。
[0027] 如图 3所示， 第一音腔 30具有一大致 （基本） 为 U型的截面， 第一音孔 310和第 二音孔 320分别设置于该 U型的两臂的内侧腔壁上， 换而言之， 所述第一音孔 310 和第二音孔 320的幵口方向为相向设置。 所述大致为 U型， 指的是第一音腔 30的 底部 31两侧设置有臂 32， 第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320分别设置在两臂的内侧腔 壁上， 就能使得两个音孔相向设置。 请一并参阅图 5， 第一音孔 310和第二音孔 3 20之间形成为听声区域 A， 所述听声区域 A用于供用户处于其中并接收音频振动 信号； 换而言之， 用户处于第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320之间即可欣赏到发声装 置发出的声音 （例如音乐） 。 所述相向设置， 为第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320间 隔有一定的距离， 两者的幵口方向朝向对方一侧， 即两个幵口的朝向既包括正 对向设置 （两幵口方向的夹角 180°) ， 也可以成钝角 （两幵口方向的夹角处于 90 。-180°) 。 本实施例中， 第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320的幵口方向为正对向设置。
[0028] 请参阅图 4， 本发明第一实施例中， 第二音腔 40具有一大致为 L型的截面， 该 L 型的底部 41与所述 U型的底部 31上下相邻， 第三音孔 310设置于 L型的立部 42的外 侧腔壁上。
[0029] 第一音孔 310、 第二音孔 320与第三音孔 410之间设置有至少一个隔挡物 50， 所 述隔挡物 50用于将听声区域 A与第三音孔分隔幵， 以阻挡第一音孔 310、 第二音 孔 320出来的音频振动信号沿直线传播到第三音孔 410。 换而言之， 隔挡物 50的 设置使得第一音孔 310、 第二音孔 320出来的声音绕过隔挡物 50进入第三音孔 410 ， 从而在听声区域 A外部形成声短路。 在第一实施例中， 第三音孔 410的幵口方 向与第一音孔 310和 /或第二音孔 320垂直。
[0030] L型的立部 42为扁平腔吋， 其腔壁起到隔挡物 50的作用， 换而言之， 本实施例 中， 隔挡物 50为第二音腔的一部分。
[0031] 第一音孔 310、 第二音孔 320出来的声音为有效的声音， 图 5中用实线圆来表示 某一平面内这一有效声音的声波； 第三音孔 410出来的声音用虚线圆来表示其声 波。 由图 5可知， 第一音孔 310的幵口、 第二音孔 320的幵口以及隔挡物 50之间形 成了一个很好的听声区域 （空间） A (两个实线圆重叠的区域） 。 由于存在隔挡 物 50的阻挡， 使得第三音孔 410出来的声音很少能进入听声区域 A中， 听声区域 A 中的声短路现象很轻微。 图中虚线圆与实线圆重叠的区域均存在声短路， 可见 除听声区域 A外， 其他区域听到的声音很小， 从而有效的降低了听音乐尤其是低 音吋给外界带来的噪声， 使得音箱的使用不受场所的限制。
[0032] 隔挡物 50优选采用吸音材料， 可以是挡板、 U形板等。 设第一音孔 310出来的声 音绕过隔挡物 50进入到第三音孔 410的最短距离为 Sl， 第二音孔 320出来的声音 绕过隔挡物 50进入到第三音孔 410的最短距离为 S2， 第一音孔 310与第二音孔 320 之间的间距为 L， 则较佳的， 隔挡物 50的设置满足 S1≥1/2L， S2≥1/2L。 换而言之 ， 若人处于第一音孔 310与第二音孔 320之间， 则第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320出 来的声音先传递到人耳或者人体上， 后传递到第三音孔 410， 用户所在的听声区 域 A不会有声短路， 保障了用户处于听声区域 A中能获得最大的声音。
[0033] 第一音孔 310、 第二音孔 320和第三音孔 410为长条状， 第一音孔 310、 第二音孔 320的长边方向与水平面平行， 第三音孔 410的长边方向与水平面垂直或成一定 的角度。 当然， 也可以是其他形状， 或者多个同类型的音孔阵列排布。
[0034] 请参阅图 6， 在第二实施例中， 用于形成声短路的第三音孔 410设置的位置与第 一实施例不同。 第二音腔 40的腔壁上还设置有至少一个第四音孔 420。 第一音孔 310与第三音孔 410处于听声区域 A的一侧且幵口方向相反。 第二音孔 320与第四 音孔 420处于听声区域 A的另一侧且幵口方向相反。 至少设置有两个隔挡物 50， 一个隔挡物 50用于将听声区域 A与第三音孔 410分隔幵， 以阻挡第一音孔 310出来 的音频振动信号沿直线传播到第三音孔 410。 另一个隔挡物 50用于将听声区域 A 与第四音孔 420分隔幵， 以阻挡第二音孔 320出来的音频振动信号沿直线传播到 第四音孔 420。 本实施例设置有三个隔挡物 50， 第三个隔挡物 50与前两个隔挡物 50连接， 且位于前两个隔挡物 50的靠近第三音孔 410或第四音孔 420的一侧； 换 而言之， 三个隔挡物 50围绕成 U形， 第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320设置在 U形内侧 ， 第三音孔 410和第四音孔 420设置在 U形的外侧。
[0035] 常规的音箱尽量避免产生声短路， 通常设置一个箱体将振膜正面和背面发出的 声音隔离幵。 有的音箱采用倒相管将振膜背面发出的部分频率的声音倒相， 以 加以利用， 通常倒相管的截面积为 0.1-0.4倍振膜的有效振动面积。 而本发明提供 的发声装置， 扬声器 20振膜正面发出的声音经第一音腔 30的第一音孔 310和第二 音孔 320发出， 绕过隔档物 50后进入第三音孔 410或第四音孔 420， 形成一个闭环 。 利用第一音孔 310、 第二音孔 320和隔档物 50形成一个听声区域 A， 利用声短路 的原理来降低其他区域的声音， 从而使得用户在听音乐吋不会扰民。 而且， 本 发明的发声装置无倒相管， 第二音腔 40的腔壁上所有第三音孔 410的面积之和、 所有第四音孔 420的面积之和均大于 0.4倍振膜的有效振动面积， 即第三音孔 410 和第四音孔 420不会倒相， 声音在第一音孔 310与第三音孔 310之间的声场中形成 声短路， 声音在第二音孔 320与第三音孔 310之间的声场中形成声短路， 当然， 关于第三音孔 410的特征也同样适应于第四音孔 420。 进一步的， 所有第三音孔 4 10的幵口面积之和、 所有第四音孔 420的幵口面积之和大于等于 4平方厘米。
[0036] 由于声音形成了闭环， 本发明的发声装置还是一种闭环式发声装置， 音箱的低 频特性好。 闭环式： 是指作为声音的输出端以球形波的方式返回到输入端， 并 对输入端施加控制影响的一种控制关系。 即输出端通过 "旁链 "方式回馈到输入端 。 输出端回馈到输入端并参与对输出端再控制， 这才是闭环控制的目的， 这种 目的是通过反馈来实现的。
[0037] 进一步的， 第一音腔 30上设置有振动传导体 60， 振动传导体 60上形成有人体支 撑位， 振动传导体 60用于接收所述第一音腔 30内传递来的音频振动信号， 并通 过在人体支撑位处与人体的接触向人体骨传导所述音频振动信号。 换而言之， 本发明的发声装置还具有骨传导的功能， 振动传导体 60优选为振动传导板。 人 体支撑位为振动传导体上用于支撑人体的部位。 骨传导可以将 30Hz及以下的极 低频音频振动信号传递给人体， 极大的提高了音箱的低频特性。 [0038] 所述扬声器 20朝向振动传导板,即扬声器 20发出的音频振动信号 (声音)经过第一 空腔 30的加载，引起振动传导板振动,从而将音频振动信号传递到人体,实现了骨传 导。
[0039] 进一步的， 人体支撑位为供人体坐或躺的位置， 即坐位或躺位。 相应的， 人体 支撑位上可设置坐垫或者床垫。
[0040] 请继续参阅图 1-3， 在第三实施例中， 所述发声装置为发声座椅， 包括坐凳和 如上所述的扬声器 20， 同样的， 还包括相邻但彼此分隔的第一音腔 30和第二音 腔 40。 扬声器 20设置于第一音腔 30和第二音腔 40的一相邻处， 扬声器 20的振膜 的正面朝向第一音腔 30， 背面朝向第二音腔 40。 至少部分第一音腔 30位于所述 坐凳下方， 所述第一音腔 30的腔壁上设置有至少一个第一音孔 310以及至少一个 第二音孔 320,所述第二音腔 40的腔壁上设置有至少一个第三音孔 410， 所述第三 音孔 410位于发声座椅的背面或侧面， 至少一个所述第一音孔 310或第二音孔 320 与第三音孔 410具有不同的幵口方向。 同样的， 本实施例中扬声器为低音扬声器 ， 所述第三音孔 410位于发声座椅的背面。
[0041] 发声座椅还包括设置于坐凳两侧的扶手 120以及设置于坐凳另一侧且位于两个 扶手之间的靠背 110， 第一音腔 30具有一大致为 U型的截面， 该 U型的两臂分别形 成于两个扶手 120内， 第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320分别设置于两个扶手 120的内 侧。 换而言之， 所述第一音孔 310和第二音孔 320的幵口方向为相向设置， 且形 成一个用于供用户获取音频振动信号的听声区域 A。 第二音腔 40具有一大致为 L 型的截面， 该 L型的底部 41与所述 U型的底部 31上下相邻， L型的立部 42形成于靠 背内， 第三音孔 410设置于靠背的背面。
[0042] 如此设置， 使得靠背 110、 两个扶手 120成为主要隔档物， 听声区域 A位于坐凳 的上方、 靠背 110的前方， 原理如图 5所示。 用户坐在该发声座椅上即可欣赏到 最佳的低音效果， 而发声座椅外则由于声短路现象而声音较小。 本实施例中， 第一音腔 30包括三个部分， 底部 31和臂 32均为矩形腔， 当然也可以是其他形状 ， 如管状、 多边形腔等， 底部 31设置在坐凳下方， 与另外两个矩形腔连通， 另 外两个矩形腔分别设置在两个扶手 120内， 音频振动信号的传播方向如图 3实线 箭头所示。 [0043] 所述坐凳上设置有振动传导板， 即坐凳上供用户坐的那块板子， 所述坐凳为人 体支撑。 所述振动传导板用于接收所述第一音腔 30内传递来的音频振动信号并 向人体骨传导所述音频振动信号。
[0044] 请参阅图 7， 在第四实施例中， 所述第三音孔 410位于发声座椅的侧面， 靠背的 背面不幵孔。 所述第二音腔 40的腔壁上还设置有至少一个第四音孔 420， 第三音 孔 410和第四音孔 420分别设置于两个扶手 120的外侧。 即第一音孔 310设置在一 侧扶手的内侧， 第三音孔 410设置在一侧扶手的外侧； 第二音孔 320设置在另一 侧扶手的内侧， 第四音孔 420设置在另一侧扶手的外侧。 进一步的， 第一音孔 31 0位于扶手 120的上部， 第三音孔 410位于扶手 120的下部； 第二音孔 320位于扶手 120的上部， 第四音孔 420位于扶手 120的下部。 如此设置， 使得两个扶手 120和 坐凳成为主要隔档物， 听声区域 A位于坐凳的上方、 靠背 110的前方， 原理如图 6 所示。 用户坐在该发声座椅上即可欣赏到最佳的低音效果， 而发声座椅外则由 于声短路现象而声音较小。 本实施例仅形成声音回流的第三音孔 410和第四音孔 420的设置与第三实施例不同， 第二音腔 40无需延伸到靠背 110内 （无形状要求 ) ， 其他特征相同， 故不再赘述。
[0045] 发声座椅上还可以设置高音扬声器、 中音扬声器或全频扬声器等， 与低音扬声 器配合， 实现全频段立体声播放音乐。 第三和第四实施例中， 发声座椅为发声 沙发或者称之为音箱 /音响沙发。 发声座椅的结构和原理在发声装置的实施例中 已详细阐述， 在此不再赘述。
[0046] 以上应用了具体个例对本发明进行阐述， 只是用于帮助理解本发明， 并不用以 限制本发明。 对于本领域的一般技术人员， 依据本发明的思想， 可以对上述具 体实施方式进行变化。

Claims

权利要求书
一种发声装置,包括扬声器， 其特征在于， 还包括相邻但彼此分隔的 第一音腔和第二音腔， 所述扬声器设置于第一音腔和第二音腔的一相 邻处， 所述扬声器的振膜的正面朝向第一音腔， 背面朝向第二音腔， 第一音腔的腔壁上设置有至少一个第一音孔以及至少一个第二音孔， 第二音腔的腔壁上设置有至少一个第三音孔， 至少一个第一音孔或第 二音孔与第三音孔具有不同的幵口方向。
如权利要求 1所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 第一音腔具有一大致为 U型的截面， 第一音孔和第二音孔分别设置于该 U型的两臂的内侧腔 壁上， 第一音孔和第二音孔之间形成为听声区域， 所述听声区域用于 供用户处于其中并接收音频振动信号。
如权利要求 2所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一音孔、 第二音 孔与第三音孔之间设置有至少一个隔挡物， 所述隔挡物用于将所述听 声区域与第三音孔分隔幵。
如权利要求 2所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 第二音腔具有一大致为 L型的截面， 该 L型的底部与所述 U型的底部上下相邻， 第三音孔设置 于 L型的立部的外侧腔壁上。
如权利要求 2所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 第二音腔的腔壁上还设 置有至少一个第四音孔， 第一音孔与第三音孔处于听声区域的一侧且 幵口方向相反； 第二音孔与第四音孔处于听声区域的另一侧且幵口方 向相反。
如权利要求 2所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 第二音腔的腔壁上所有 第三音孔的面积之和大于 0.4倍振膜的有效振动面积。
如权利要求 3所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一音腔上设置有 振动传导体， 所述振动传导体上形成有人体支撑位， 所述振动传导体 用于接收所述第一音腔内传递来的音频振动信号， 并通过在人体支撑 位处与人体的接触向人体骨传导所述音频振动信号。
如权利要求 7所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 所述振动传导体是振动 传导板。
如权利要求 7所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 所述人体支撑位为供人 体坐或躺的位置。
如权利要求 1-9任意一项所述的发声装置， 其特征在于， 所述扬声器 为低音扬声器。
一种发声座椅， 包括坐凳和扬声器， 其特征在于， 还包括相邻但彼此 分隔的第一音腔和第二音腔， 所述扬声器设置于第一音腔和第二音腔 的一相邻处； 所述扬声器的振膜的正面朝向第一音腔， 背面朝向第二 音腔,至少部分第一音腔位于所述坐凳下方， 所述第一音腔的腔壁上 设置有至少一个第一音孔以及至少一个第二音孔，所述第二音腔的腔 壁上设置有至少一个第三音孔， 所述第三音孔位于发声座椅的背面或 侧面， 至少一个所述第一音孔或第二音孔与第三音孔具有不同的幵口 方向。
如权利要求 11所述的发声座椅， 其特征在于， 发声座椅还包括设置于 坐凳两侧的扶手以及设置于坐凳另一侧且位于两个扶手之间的靠背， 第一音腔具有一大致为 U型的截面， 该 U型的两臂分别形成于两个扶 手内， 第一音孔和第二音孔分别设置于两个扶手的内侧。
如权利要求 12所述的发声座椅， 其特征在于， 第二音腔具有一大致为 L型的截面， 该 L型的底部与所述 U型的底部上下相邻， L型的立部形 成于靠背内， 第三音孔设置于靠背的背面。
如权利要求 12所述的发声座椅， 其特征在于， 第二音腔的腔壁上还设 置有至少一个第四音孔， 第三音孔和第四音孔分别设置于两个扶手的 外侧。
如权利要求 12所述的发声座椅， 其特征在于， 第二音腔的腔壁上所有 第三音孔的面积之和大于 0.4倍振膜的有效振动面积。
如权利要求 12所述的发声座椅， 其特征在于， 坐凳上设置有振动传导 板， 振动传导板用于接收第一音腔内传递来的音频振动信号并向人体 骨传导所述音频振动信号。 [权利要求 17] 如权利要求 11-16任意一项所述的发声座椅， 其特征在于， 所述扬声 器为低音扬声器。
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