WO2018210232A1 - 一种制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/20—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of an exo-1,4 alpha-glucosidase, e.g. dextrose
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/18—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins
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- the invention relates to a method for preparing branched cyclodextrin and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of synthesis of branched cyclodextrin.
- Cyclodextrin also known as cyclomalto-oligosaccharide, is a generic term for a class of oligosaccharides linked by a number of ⁇ -D glucopyranose units via ⁇ -1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cyclodextrin is severely restricted in its application due to its poor water solubility, high hemolytic and nephrotoxicity, and therefore modification of cyclodextrin is necessary.
- the cyclodextrin modification method has a chemical or biological enzymatic method to modify the cyclodextrin, and grafts certain specific substituents onto the cyclodextrin, which is substantially unchanged in the cavity structure of the retained cyclodextrin.
- the modified product obtained by introducing a substituent group in the case is generally referred to as a modified cyclodextrin, or a modified cyclodextrin, or a cyclodextrin derivative.
- the substituent is a glycosyl group, it is usually referred to as a branched cyclodextrin such as glucosylcyclodextrin, maltosylcyclodextrin, galactosylcyclodextrin, and mannose cyclodextrin.
- branched cyclodextrins are widely used in food, pharmaceutical, chemical and cosmetic fields due to their better water solubility, lower nephrotoxicity and hemolysis.
- the preparation methods of branched cyclodextrins mainly include the following two methods: one is to prepare branched cyclodextrin by using CGTase to act on starch or starch derivative, and the branched cyclodextrin prepared by the method has low yield and purity. low;
- Another method is to prepare a high concentration of cyclodextrin ( ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin and ⁇ -cyclodextrin) and maltose/maltotriose as substrates under the action of pullulanase.
- Branched cyclodextrin the residual amount of cyclodextrin in the obtained mixture is large, and the cyclodextrin is generally removed by crystallization, and then the branched cyclodextrin with higher purity is separated by column separation, and the method is prepared.
- the mixture containing the branched cyclodextrin still contains a large amount of cyclodextrin, and the molecular weight of the cyclodextrin and the branched cyclodextrin is close to that it is difficult to separate the branched cyclodextrin.
- the applicant of the present invention provides a method for enzymatically preparing branched cyclodextrin.
- the method of the invention firstly prepares a mixture containing branched cyclodextrin, cyclodextrin and long-branched cyclodextrin from maltodextrin by using the cyclodization activity of cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase (CGTase) (or directly used) a branched cyclodextrin-containing mixture prepared by a pullulanase reverse synthesis method, or a mixture obtained by a-galactosidase acting on a cyclodextrin and candidose, and then controlling the activity and utilization of CGTase
- CGTase cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase
- the coupling of CGTase makes the CGTase and saccharification enzyme of 0.1-0.4 U/g dry weight work together
- the method of the invention can be extended to the separation step of the pullulanase preparation branched cyclodextrin process.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a branched cyclodextrin, which comprises: treating a mixture containing a branched cyclodextrin with a CGTase enzyme and a saccharification enzyme for a reaction time of 1 to 24 hours; wherein, the control
- the amount of CGTase used in the initial reaction system was 0.1-0.4 U/g dry weight of the mixture.
- the mixture is a mixture obtained by treating the raw maltodextrin by CGTase; or the branched cyclodextrin-containing mixture prepared by the pullulanase reverse synthesis method; or, by ⁇ -half emulsion A glycosidase acts on a mixture of cyclodextrin and candidose.
- the branched cyclodextrin-containing mixture is specifically: the raw maltodextrin is dissolved in a buffer, and the CGTase reaction is added for 12-24 hours.
- the buffer has a pH between 3.5 and 8.0, optionally a phosphate buffer.
- the maltodextrin has a mass concentration of from 1% to 5% after the raw material maltodextrin is dissolved in the buffer.
- the CGTase is used in an amount of 0.3 U/g dry weight of the mixture.
- the method specifically includes:
- the physical method described in step (2) is a 70-100 ° C water bath heating.
- the method further comprises separating and purifying the reaction product after the saccharification enzyme treatment reaction is completed.
- the separation and purification are carried out using liquid chromatography.
- the CGTase may be any one or more of ⁇ -CGTase, ⁇ -CGTase, and ⁇ -CGTase.
- the corresponding branched cyclodextrin target products include glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and glucosyl- ⁇ -ring, respectively. dextrin.
- the branched cyclodextrin-containing mixture is a branched cyclodextrin-containing mixture prepared by a pullulanase reverse synthesis process.
- the mixture containing a high concentration of cyclodextrin, maltose/maltotriose, and a small amount of branched cyclodextrin prepared by a pullulanase reverse synthesis method is specifically prepared by a high concentration of a ring.
- Dextrin and maltose/maltotriose are substrates, and a mixture containing cyclodextrin, maltose/maltotriose and maltosyl/maltotriosyl-cyclodextrin is prepared under the action of pullulanase (see, for example, Wang Shaojie,Jin Zhengyu.Study on the reverse synthesis of maltose-based ⁇ -CD by pullulanase[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2005,26(9):105-107.).
- the method comprises:
- step (b) The solution obtained in the step (a) is placed at 0 ° C to 20 ° C, and crystallized for 12-24 h (partial cyclodextrin in the mixture is initially removed by cooling crystallization);
- step (c) centrifuging the solution obtained in the step (b), adding the supernatant to a pH 4.5-8.0 buffer solution, and fully dissolving;
- the buffer of step (a) can be a phosphate buffer of pH 4.5.
- the amount of CGTase added in step (d) is from 0.1 to 0.4 U/g dry weight of the mixture, alternatively, 0.3 U/g dry weight of the mixture.
- the method further comprises the step (e): separating and purifying the reaction product of the step (d) by a membrane separation method to obtain a single branched cyclodextrin.
- the mixture containing the branched cyclodextrin is a mixture obtained by acting on the cyclodextrin and the candied disaccharide by ⁇ -galactosidase; adding the corresponding CGTase and the saccharifying enzyme, respectively, the glucose-cyclodide can be obtained. Refined and galactosyl-cyclodextrin.
- the mixture containing the branched cyclodextrin is a mixture prepared by using a cyclodextrin and a maltose as a substrate; and the corresponding CGTase and saccharifying enzyme are added to obtain a glucosyl-cyclodextrin and Maltosyl-cyclodextrin.
- the invention also claims the use of the above methods in the food, pharmaceutical, chemical and cosmetic fields.
- the present invention can use a maltodextrin as a starting material to prepare a branched cyclodextrin by a two-step method; firstly, a cyclodextrin, a branched cyclodextrin, and a long length are prepared by utilizing the cyclization activity of CGTase in the preparation of maltodextrin. By branching a mixture of cyclodextrin and the like, and then using CGTase's weak viability to compound the saccharifying enzyme to the above mixture, the yield and purity of the obtained branched cyclodextrin are improved.
- the key step of the present invention is to control the dry weight of the mixture in which the amount of CGTase added is 0.1-0.4 U/g to be compounded with the saccharification enzyme.
- the saccharifying enzyme can hydrolyze the long-branched cyclodextrin into a branched cyclodextrin.
- Fine, CGTase coupling activity can selectively open the ring structure of cyclodextrin, and then the open ring structure is hydrolyzed to glucose under the synergistic action of glucoamylase, and then the branched cyclodextrin and glucose are obtained, which is beneficial to the subsequent Separation and purification.
- Figure 1 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of the product of step (1) in Example 3 of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of the product of step (3) in Example 3 of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of the products of steps (3) and (4) of Example 6 of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of the products of steps (4) and (5) of Example 9 of the present invention.
- a method for enzymatically treating maltodextrin to prepare glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- step (3) The product obtained in the step (3) is separated and purified by a high-performance liquid phase method to finally obtain 0.44 mg of glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and the glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin is the main product ( ⁇ -cyclodextrin).
- the ratio of sperm, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin and glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin was 20%.
- the inventors also attempted to prepare branched cyclodextrins using the following methods:
- a method for enzymatically treating maltodextrin to prepare glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- a method for enzymatically treating maltodextrin to prepare glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- a method for enzymatically preparing a single maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- the mixture is further separated and purified by a membrane separation method to obtain the maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
- the key to this part is to hydrolyze the ⁇ -cyclodextrin in the mixture to glucose, which facilitates the separation of maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, because the molecular weight of ⁇ -cyclodextrin and maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin differs by 342, not Conducive to the molecule (molecular weight close), and glucose and maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin have a molecular weight difference of 972.
- the principle of the separation method of such a substance is generally based on the size of the substance, and the larger the difference between the two substances, the easier it is to separate, and the other is not easy to separate.
- a method for enzymatically preparing a single maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- the mixture is further separated and purified by a membrane separation method to obtain the maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
- Fig. 3 The sample before the dotted enzyme treatment, the solid line is the sample after the enzyme treatment. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that the mixture of maltose, ⁇ -cyclodextrin and maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin synthesized by pullulanase can be used to bind ⁇ -cyclodide under the action of CGTase and saccharifying enzyme. After the hydrolysis is carried out, a mixture containing maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, maltose and glucose can be finally obtained, and maltose- ⁇ -cyclodextrin can be obtained by membrane separation.
- a method for enzymatically preparing a single maltosyl-gamma-cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- the mixture is further separated and purified by a membrane separation method to obtain the maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
- a method for enzymatically preparing monogalactosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- the mixture is further separated and purified by a membrane separation method to obtain the galactosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
- a method for enzymatically preparing a single glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin comprising the following specific steps:
- step (3) The solution obtained in the step (3) is centrifuged at 4 ° C, and the supernatant is added to 600 ⁇ L of a pH 4.5 buffer solution to be fully dissolved;
- the mixture is further separated and purified by a membrane separation method to obtain the glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
- Fig. 4 The sample before the dotted enzyme treatment, the solid line is the sample after the enzyme treatment. It can be seen from Fig. 4 that a mixture of maltose, ⁇ -cyclodextrin and maltosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin synthesized by pullulanase is used to obtain maltose, glucose and ⁇ -cyclodextrin under the action of saccharifying enzyme.
- Glucosyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin can be obtained by membrane separation.
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Abstract
一种制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用。方法包括如下步骤:(1)将麦芽糊精溶于磷酸盐缓冲液中,加入CGTase酶进行反应;(2)采用物理方法降低酶活;(3)将步骤(2)的反应体系加入糖化酶进行反应,高温灭酶,制得分支环糊精。上述方法在食品、制备药物、化工、化妆品领域的应用。
Description
本发明涉及一种制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用,属于分支环糊精的合成技术领域。
环糊精也称作环麦芽寡糖,是由若干α-D吡喃葡萄糖单元通过α-1,4糖苷键链接而成的一类低聚糖的总称。环糊精因其水溶性较差、具有较高的溶血性和肾毒性导致其应用收到严重的限制,因此对环糊精的改性十分必要。
环糊精的改性方法有化学法或生物酶的方法来修饰环糊精,将某些特定的取代基接枝到环糊精上,这种在保留环糊精空腔结构基本不变的情况下引入取代基团而得到的改性产物,通常称之为修饰环糊精,或改性环糊精,或环糊精衍生物。当取代基为糖基时,通常将其称之为分支环糊精,如葡萄糖基环糊精、麦芽糖基环糊精、半乳糖基环糊精和甘露糖环糊精等。
相比于环糊精,分支环糊精具有更好的水溶性、更低的肾毒性及溶血性而被广泛应用于食品、医药、化工和化妆品领域。
目前分支环糊精的制备方法主要有以下两种:一种为利用CGTase作用于淀粉或淀粉衍生物,制备得到分支环糊精,此方法制备得到的分支环糊精的产量低且纯度也较低;
另一种方法为以高浓度的环糊精(α-环糊精、β-环糊精和γ-环糊精)和麦芽糖/麦芽三糖为底物在普鲁兰酶的作用下制备得到分支环糊精,所得到的混合物中环糊精的剩余量较大,一般采用结晶的方法初步去除环糊精,然后利用柱分离的方法分离得到纯度较高的分支环糊精,此方法制备得到的含有分支环糊精的混合物中仍含有大量的环糊精,且环糊精与分支环糊精的分子量接近很难将分支环糊精分离。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明申请人提供了一种酶法制备分支环糊精的方法。本发明方法首先利用环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶(CyclodextrinGlycosyltransferase,简称CGTase)的环化活力从麦芽糊精制备得到含有分支环糊精、环糊精和长分支环糊精的混合物(或者是直接使用通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含分支环糊精的混合物,或者是,通过α-半乳糖苷酶作用于环糊精和蜜饯二糖得到的混合物),然后控制CGTase的活力、利用CGTase的偶合作用,使0.1-0.4U/g混合物干重的CGTase和糖化酶共同作用于上述混合物,最终得到目的产物中仅存在分支环糊精和葡萄糖,因分支环糊精与葡萄糖的分子量相差较大利于后续的分离纯化。
此外,本发明方法可延伸应用至普鲁兰酶制备分支环糊精方法的分离步骤。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种制备分支环糊精的方法,所述方法包括:利用CGTase酶和糖化酶处理含有分支环糊精的混合物,反应的时间为1-24h;其中,控制初始反应体系中CGTase的用量为0.1-0.4U/g混合物干重。
可选地,所述的混合物为原料麦芽糊精经CGTase处理得到的混合物;或者是,通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含分支环糊精的混合物;或者是,通过α-半乳糖苷酶作用于环糊精和蜜饯二糖得到的混合物。
在一些实施方式中,所述含分支环糊精的混合物具体是:原料麦芽糊精溶于缓冲液中,加入CGTase反应12-24h。
在一些实施方式中,所述缓冲液的pH在3.5-8.0,可选的为磷酸盐缓冲液。
在一些实施方式中,所述原料麦芽糊精溶于缓冲液中后,麦芽糊精的质量浓度为1%-5%。
在一些实施方式中,所述CGTase的用量为0.3U/g混合物干重。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法,具体包括:
(1)将麦芽糊精溶于磷酸盐缓冲液中,加入CGTase酶反应12-24h,得到含有分支环糊精的混合物;
(2)采用物理的方法降低CGTase酶活;
(3)向步骤(2)的反应体系中加入糖化酶反应12-24h,高温灭酶,可制得分支环糊精。
在一些实施方式中,步骤(2)中所述物理方法为70-100℃水浴加热。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法,还包括在糖化酶处理反应结束后对反应产物进行分离纯化。
在一些实施方式中,所述分离纯化,是采用液相色谱进行。
在一些实施方式中,所述CGTase可以是α-CGTase、β-CGTase、γ-CGTase中的任意一种或者多种。利用α-CGTase、β-CGTase、γ-CGTase进行反应后,对应的分支环糊精目标产物分别包括葡萄糖基-α-环糊精、葡萄糖基-β-环糊精、葡萄糖基-γ-环糊精。
在另一些实施方式中,所述含有分支环糊精的混合物为通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含分支环糊精的混合物。
在一些实施方式中,通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含高浓度的环糊精、麦芽糖/麦芽三糖及少量的分支环糊精的混合物,其具体方法是:以高浓度的环糊精和麦芽糖/麦芽三糖为底物,在普鲁兰酶的作用下制备得到含有环糊精、麦芽糖/麦芽三糖和麦芽糖基/麦芽三糖基-环糊精的混合物(比如,参见王少杰,金征宇.普鲁兰酶逆向合成麦芽糖基β-CD的工艺研 究[J].食品工业科技,2005,26(9):105-107.)。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法,包括:
(a)取通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含分支环糊精的混合物粉末,溶于缓冲液中;
(b)将步骤(a)所得溶液置于0℃-20℃条件下,结晶12-24h(采用冷却结晶的方法初步除去混合物中的部分环糊精);
(c)将步骤(b)所得溶液离心,取上清液加入pH4.5-8.0缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;
(d)向反应体系中同时加入CGTase和糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应1-10h;
在一些实施方式中,所述步骤(a)的缓冲液可以是pH4.5的磷酸盐缓冲液。
在一些实施方式中,所述步骤(d)中CGTase的添加量为0.1-0.4U/g混合物干重,可选地,为0.3U/g混合物干重。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法还包括步骤(e):通过膜分离的方法对步骤(d)的反应产物进行分离纯化,即得单一分支环糊精。
在一些实施方式中,含有分支环糊精的混合物为通过α-半乳糖苷酶作用于环糊精和蜜饯二糖得到的混合物;加入对应的CGTase和糖化酶,可以分别得到葡萄糖基-环糊精和半乳糖苷基-环糊精。
在一些实施方式中,含有分支环糊精的混合物为普鲁兰酶以环糊精和麦芽糖为底物制备得到的混合物;加入对应的CGTase和糖化酶,可以分别得到葡萄糖基-环糊精和麦芽糖基-环糊精。
本发明还要求保护上述方法在食品、医药、化工和化妆品领域的应用。
本发明有益效果:
(1)本发明可以以麦芽糊精为出发原料,经采用两步法制备分支环糊精;首先利用CGTase的环化活力作用于麦芽糊精制备得到含有环糊精、分支环糊精、长分支环糊精等的混合物,然后利用CGTase微弱的活力复配糖化酶作用于上述混合物,得到的分支环糊精的产率和纯度均有所提高。
(2)本发明的关键步骤在于控制CGTase的添加量为0.1-0.4U/g的混合物干重与糖化酶进行复配。
(3)本发明少量的CGTase添加量与糖化酶共同作用于含有环糊精、分支环糊精、长分支环糊精等的混合物时,糖化酶可以将长分支环糊精水解为分支环糊精,CGTase的偶合活力可以选择性的优先打开环糊精的环状结构,然后在糖化酶的协同作用下将打开的环状结构水 解为葡萄糖,进而得到的分支环糊精和葡萄糖,利于后续的分离纯化。
图1为本发明实施例3中步骤(1)产物的高效液相色谱图;
图2为本发明实施例3中步骤(3)产物的高效液相色谱图;
图3为本发明实施例6步骤(3)、(4)产物的高效液相色谱图;
图4为本发明实施例9步骤(4)、(5)产物的高效液相色谱图。
实施例1
一种酶法处理麦芽糊精制备葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取10mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH4.5(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,加入0.36U的α-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;得到含有分支环糊精葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
(2)80℃水浴加热10min,使α-CGTase的酶活至0.003U(即保证后续反应体系中α-CGTase的初始酶活约0.3U/g混合物干重);
(3)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
(4)利用高效液相的方法对步骤(3)所得产物进行分离纯化,最终得到0.44mg葡萄糖基-α-环糊精,且葡萄糖基-α-环糊精占主产物(α-环糊精、β-环糊精、γ-环糊精和葡萄糖基-β-环糊精)的比例为20%。
其中,高效液相条件为:色谱仪:岛津LC-20A,检测器:示差检测器,分析柱:APS-2HYPERSIL柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈:水=75:25(v/v),柱温:30℃,流速:1mL/min,进样量:200μL。
实施例2
发明人还尝试了分别采用下列方法制备分支环糊精:
方案一:省略实施例1中的步骤(2)中的CGTase酶活的控制,即不进行物理降酶活处理、使体系中CGTase酶活仍然维持在0.36U左右,其他步骤和参数与实施例1一致;具体是:
(1)取10mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH4.5(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,加入0.36U的α-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;得到含有分支环糊精葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
(2)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
结果显示,含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物中葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的百分含量为0%。
方案二:将实施例1的步骤(2)中α-CGTase的酶活降低至0.006U(即保证后续反应体系中α-CGTase的初始酶活约0.6U/g混合物干重);其他步骤和参数与实施例1一致;具体是:
(1)取10mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH4.5(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,加入0.36U的α-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;得到含有分支环糊精葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
(2)80℃水浴加热10min,使α-CGTase的酶活至0.006U(即保证后续反应体系中α-CGTase的初始酶活约0.6U/g混合物干重);
(3)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物。
结果显示,含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物中葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的百分含量为10%。
方案三、将实施例1的步骤(2)中α-CGTase的酶活降低至0.0006U(即保证后续反应体系中α-CGTase的初始酶活约0.06U/g混合物干重),其他步骤和参数与实施例1一致;具体是:
(1)取10mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH4.5(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,加入0.36U的α-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;得到含有分支环糊精葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
(2)80℃水浴加热10min,使α-CGTase的酶活至0.0006U(即保证后续反应体系中α-CGTase的初始酶活约0.06U/g混合物干重);
(3)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物。
结果显示,含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物中葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的百分含量为14%。
方案四
将实施例1的步骤(2)中α-CGTase的酶活降低至0U(即保证后续反应体系中α-CGTase的初始酶活为0),其他步骤和参数与实施例1一致;具体是:
(1)取10mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH4.5(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶 液,加入0.36U的α-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;得到含有分支环糊精葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物;
(2)80℃水浴加热10min,使α-CGTase的酶活至0;
(4)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物。
结果显示,含有葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的混合物中葡萄糖基-α-环糊精的百分含量为3.5%。
实施例3
一种酶法处理麦芽糊精制备葡萄糖基-β-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取50mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH3.0(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,加入0.36U的β-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;
(2)90℃水浴加热5min,使β-CGTase的酶活至0.011U(即保证后续反应体系中β-CGTase的初始酶活约0.22U/g混合物干重);
(3)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-β-环糊精的混合物;
(4)利用高效液相的方法对步骤(3)所得产物进行分离纯化,终得到0.56mg葡萄糖基-β-环糊精。
将本实施例中步骤(1)和(3)的样品进行高效液相分析测试,测试结果分别如图1、2所示。
由图1可以看出,以麦芽糊精为底物加入β-CGTase有葡萄糖基-β环糊精的生成,但产量仅有0.19mg,占主产物(α-环糊精、β-环糊精、γ-环糊精和葡萄糖基-β-环糊精)的比例仅为2.4%。
由图2为可以看出,以麦芽糊精为底物加入β-CGTase后,产物在β-CGTase和糖化酶的共同作用下,所得到的葡萄糖基-β环糊精的含量为0.42mg,占主产物的比例为24.0%。
实施例4
一种酶法处理麦芽糊精制备葡萄糖基-γ-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取50mg的麦芽糊精2mL离心管中,加入1mLpH3.0(20mM)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,加入0.36U的γ-CGTase,在60℃反应条件下反应12h;
(2)90℃水浴加热5min,使γ-CGTase的酶活至0.011U;
(3)向反应体系中加入0.72U糖化酶,45℃的反应条件下反应12h,在100℃的条件下保温15min,制得含有葡萄糖基-γ-环糊精的混合物;
(4)利用高效液相的方法对步骤(3)所得产物进行分离纯化,终得到0.37mg葡萄糖基-γ-环糊精。
实施例5
一种酶法制备单一麦芽糖基-α-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取0.1g通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含有麦芽糖、α-环糊精和麦芽糖基-α-环糊精的混合物,溶于300μLpH4.5磷酸盐缓冲液中;
(2)将上述溶液置于4℃条件下,低温结晶12h;
(3)将步骤(2)所得溶液在4℃条件下离心,取上清液加入600μLpH4.5缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;
(4)向反应体系中同时加入150μL(即0.03U)CGTase和150μL(即0.72U)糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应4h,即可得到麦芽糖基-α-环糊精、麦芽糖和葡萄糖的混合物;
(5)通过膜分离的方法对混合物进一步进行分离纯化,即可得所述麦芽糖基-α-环糊精。
此部分的关键是将混合物中α-环糊精水解为葡萄糖,利于麦芽糖基-α-环糊精的分离,因为α-环糊精与麦芽糖基-α-环糊精的分子量相差342,不利于分子(分子量接近),而葡萄糖与麦芽糖基-α-环糊精的分子量相差972。此类物质的分离方法的原理一般是根据物质的尺寸的大小,两种物质相差越大越容易进行分离,反之则不容易分离。
实施例6
一种酶法制备单一麦芽糖基-β-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取0.1g通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含有麦芽糖、β-环糊精和麦芽糖基-β-环糊精的混合物,溶于300μLpH4.5磷酸盐缓冲液中;
(2)将上述溶液置于4℃条件下,低温结晶12h;
(3)将步骤(2)所得溶液在4℃条件下离心,取上清液加入600μLpH4.5缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;
(4)向反应体系中同时加入150μL(即0.03U)CGTase和150μL(即0.72U)糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应4h,即可得到麦芽糖基-β-环糊精、麦芽糖和葡萄糖的混合物;
(5)通过膜分离的方法对混合物进一步进行分离纯化,即可得所述麦芽糖基-β-环糊精。
将本发明实施例中步骤(3)和(4)的产物用高效液相进行分析测试,测试结果如图3所示,虚线酶处理前样品,实线为酶处理后样品。由图3可以看出,以普鲁兰酶逆向合成的含有麦芽糖、β-环糊精和麦芽糖基-β-环糊精混合物,在CGTase和糖化酶共同作用的条件下可以将β-环糊精水解掉,最终可得到含有麦芽糖基-β-环糊精、麦芽糖和葡萄糖的混合物,通过膜分离的方法即可得到麦芽糖基-β-环糊精。
实施例7
一种酶法制备单一麦芽糖基-γ-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取0.1g通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含有麦芽糖、γ-环糊精和麦芽糖基-γ-环糊精的混合物,溶于300μLpH4.5磷酸盐缓冲液中;
(2)将上述溶液置于4℃条件下,低温结晶12h;
(3)将步骤(2)所得溶液在4℃条件下离心,取上清液加入600μLpH4.5缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;
(4)向反应体系中同时加入150μL(即0.03U/g混合物)CGTase和150μL(即0.72U/g混合物)糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应4h,即可得到麦芽糖基-γ-环糊精、麦芽糖和葡萄糖的混合物;
(5)通过膜分离的方法对混合物进一步进行分离纯化,即可得到所述麦芽糖基-γ-环糊精。
实施例8
一种酶法制备单一半乳糖基-β-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取0.1g通过α-半乳糖苷酶合成方法制备得到的含有蜜二糖、β-环糊精和半乳糖基-β-环糊精的混合物,溶于300μLpH4.5磷酸盐缓冲液中;
(2)将上述溶液置于4℃条件下,低温结晶12h;
(3)将步骤(2)所得溶液在4℃条件下离心,取上清液加入600μLpH4.5缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;
(4)向反应体系中同时加入150μL(0.03U/g混合物)CGTase和150μL(0.72U/g混合物)糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应4h,即可得到半乳糖基-β-环糊精与蜜二糖和葡萄糖的混合物;
(5)通过膜分离的方法对混合物进一步进行分离纯化,即可得到所述半乳糖基-β-环糊精。
实施例9
一种酶法制备单一葡萄糖基-β-环糊精的方法,所述方法包括如下具体步骤:
(1)取0.1g通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含有麦芽糖、β-环糊精和麦芽糖基-β-环糊精的混合物,溶于300μLpH4.5磷酸盐缓冲液中;
(2)将上述溶液置于4℃条件下,低温结晶12h;
(3)将步骤(3)所得溶液在4℃条件下离心,取上清液加入600μLpH4.5缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;
(4)向反应液中加入100μL(即0.72U)糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应10h,100℃条件下保温15min,可以得到含有麦芽糖、葡萄糖、β-环糊精和葡萄糖基-β-环糊精的混合物;
(5)向反应体系中同时加入150μLCGTase(即控制体系中CGTase为0.03U/g混合物)和150μL(即0.72U/g混合物)糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应4h,即可得到含有葡萄糖基-β-环糊精、葡萄糖和麦芽糖的混合物;
(6)通过膜分离的方法对混合物进一步进行分离纯化,即可得到所述葡萄糖基-β-环糊精。
将本发明实施例中步骤(4)和(5)的产物用高效液相进行分析测试,测试结果如图4所示,虚线酶处理前样品,实线为酶处理后样品。由图4可以看出,以普鲁兰酶逆向合成的含有麦芽糖、β-环糊精和麦芽糖基-β-环糊精混合物,在糖化酶的作用下得到麦芽糖、葡萄糖、β-环糊精和葡萄糖基-β-环糊精的混合物;在CGTase和糖化酶共同作用的条件下可以将β-环糊精水解掉,最终可得到含有葡萄糖基-β-环糊精、麦芽糖和葡萄糖的混合物,通过膜分离的方法即可得到葡萄糖基-β-环糊精。
Claims (10)
- 一种制备分支环糊精的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:利用环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶(简称CGTase)和糖化酶处理含有分支环糊精的混合物,反应的时间为1-24h;其中,控制初始反应体系中CGTase的用量为0.1-0.4U/g混合物干重。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物为原料麦芽糊精经CGTase处理得到的混合物;或者是,通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含分支环糊精的混合物;或者是,通过α-半乳糖苷酶作用于环糊精和蜜饯二糖得到的混合物。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物具体是:原料麦芽糊精溶于缓冲液中,加入CGTase反应12-24h。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述原料麦芽糊精溶于缓冲液中后,麦芽糊精的质量浓度为1%-5%。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法,具体包括:(1)将麦芽糊精溶于磷酸盐缓冲液中,加入CGTase酶反应12-24h;即得到含有分支环糊精的混合物;(2)采用物理的方法降低CGTase酶活;(3)向步骤(2)的反应体系中加入糖化酶反应12-24h,高温灭酶,可制得分支环糊精。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法,还包括在糖化酶处理反应结束后对反应产物进行分离纯化。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述CGTase酶可以是α-CGTase酶、β-CGTase酶、γ-CGTase酶中的任意一种或者多种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法,包括:(a)取通过普鲁兰酶逆向合成方法制备得到的含分支环糊精的混合物粉末,溶于缓冲液中;(b)将步骤(a)所得溶液置于0℃-20℃条件下,结晶12-24h;(c)将步骤(b)所得溶液离心,取上清液加入pH 4.5-8.0缓冲溶液中,充分溶解;(d)向反应体系中同时加入CGTase和糖化酶,45℃的条件下反应1-10h;
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括步骤(e):通过膜分离的方法对步骤(d)的反应产物进行分离纯化,即得单一分支环糊精。
- 权利要求1-9任一所述方法在食品、制备药物、化工、化妆品领域的应用。
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| CN107177647B (zh) | 2017-05-16 | 2019-11-26 | 江南大学 | 一种酶法处理麦芽糊精制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用 |
| CN108085352A (zh) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-29 | 江南大学 | 一种双酶法控制环糊精包合物缓释的方法 |
| CN112646059B (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-12-28 | 江南大学 | 一种高速逆流色谱分离纯化麦芽糖基环糊精的方法 |
| CN115428936A (zh) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-12-06 | 上海统益生物科技有限公司 | 一种改善食品苦涩味的遮蔽剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN116656759B (zh) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-11-17 | 江南大学 | 一种制备β-环糊精的方法 |
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| CN103243140A (zh) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-14 | 江南大学 | 一种复合环糊精的制备方法 |
| CN106967766A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-07-21 | 江南大学 | 一种葡萄糖基‑α‑环糊精的制备方法 |
| CN107177647A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-19 | 江南大学 | 一种酶法处理麦芽糊精制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用 |
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| CN1974604A (zh) * | 2006-12-08 | 2007-06-06 | 江南大学 | 一种分支环糊精的制备方法 |
| EP2223942B1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2014-11-12 | Universität Leipzig | Process for the preparation of cyclodextrins composed of 9 to 21 glucose units |
| CN101570770A (zh) * | 2009-05-31 | 2009-11-04 | 江南大学 | 一种麦芽三糖基-β-环糊精的酶法制备方法 |
| CN104726521B (zh) * | 2015-04-14 | 2018-04-17 | 江南大学 | 一种双酶提高γ‑环糊精专一性的方法 |
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| CN103243140A (zh) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-14 | 江南大学 | 一种复合环糊精的制备方法 |
| CN106967766A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-07-21 | 江南大学 | 一种葡萄糖基‑α‑环糊精的制备方法 |
| CN107177647A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-19 | 江南大学 | 一种酶法处理麦芽糊精制备分支环糊精的方法及其应用 |
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| CN107177647A (zh) | 2017-09-19 |
| CN107177647B (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
| US20190194708A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
| US11041179B2 (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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