WO2018205566A1 - 一种水体生物修复的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种水体生物修复的方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2018205566A1
WO2018205566A1 PCT/CN2017/113881 CN2017113881W WO2018205566A1 WO 2018205566 A1 WO2018205566 A1 WO 2018205566A1 CN 2017113881 W CN2017113881 W CN 2017113881W WO 2018205566 A1 WO2018205566 A1 WO 2018205566A1
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water body
aeration
water
bioremediation
microporous
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PCT/CN2017/113881
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李广胜
雷利荣
李友明
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华南理工大学
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Priority to AU2017413373A priority Critical patent/AU2017413373B2/en
Publication of WO2018205566A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018205566A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for biological repair of water.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 201010539843.0 discloses a method and system for remediation and treatment of a polluted river water body.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 201310006749.2 discloses a polluted water body treatment system and a construction method thereof, which are disclosed in the two patent applications. The methods are all conventional sewage treatment methods to deal with water pollution control, with large workload, low efficiency and large investment.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide a device for biologically strengthening and repairing water bodies, which can rapidly improve the microbial ecological environment of water bodies.
  • the device is suitable for the recovery of black and odorous water bodies in rivers and lakes, and the aeration and activation of aquaculture waters. It is also suitable for industrial sewage treatment and aeration and aeration of urban domestic sewage, and improved aeration of rivers and lakes.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of bioremediation of a water body.
  • the method is exposed through micropores High-availability biofilters consisting of a gas aeration system, a carbon fiber eco-based, and a composite microbial generator, rapidly increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water, forming a high biomass, agitating sediments at the bottom of the river, and causing organic pollution.
  • the substances such as rapid degradation of organic matter, nitrification, ammoniation, etc., improve the quality of water, thereby limiting and eliminating the environmental conditions of excessive proliferation of cyanobacteria, achieving the effect of improving and repairing the ecology of the water body, and restoring the self-purification function of the water body.
  • a water body biological repairing device comprises a microporous aeration and aeration system, a carbon fiber ecological base, a composite microbial generating device, a circulating fluidized activated flushing system and a tank; the microporous aeration and aeration system is composed of a vortex blower,
  • the microporous tube aerator is composed of an aerated oxygen aerator and a microporous aeration tube; the box is divided into four regions from bottom to top and sequentially provided with a microporous tube aerator or aeration increase Oxygen grid, carbon fiber eco-based, composite microbial generating device, and circulating fluidized activated flushing system; wherein the vortex blower is disposed outside the tank and combined with the microporous tube aerator or aerated oxygenation grid, and micropores
  • the aeration tube is connected, and the microporous aeration tube is disposed in the area of the composite
  • the microporous aeration and aeration system is composed of a vortex blower, a microporous tube aerator or an aerated oxygenation grid (one or only one or less) and a microporous aeration tube.
  • the microporous tube aerator diaphragm has a pore size of 80 to 100 microns.
  • the microporous aeration has a dissolved oxygen content of 2.0 to 4.0 mg/L.
  • the composite microbial generating device is mainly composed of a porous cylindrical stainless steel tube or a porous sintered ceramic tube, a micro-aeration tube, a solidified microbial agent and a filter bed.
  • the filter bed is composed of one or more of natural zeolite, ceramsite and volcanic rock filter materials; the curing microbial agent is photosynthetic bacteria, Thiobacillus, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Bacillus, anti- One or several of the nitrifying bacteria and the nitrifying bacteria are combined.
  • the carbon fiber has an ecological base specific surface area of 1000 to 3000 m 2 /g.
  • the carbon fiber ecological-based microbial membrane is fast, the biofilm is easy to fall off, the material is stable, acid and alkali resistant, aging resistant, and the specific surface area is huge.
  • the circulating fluidized activated flushing system includes a microcirculating water pump.
  • the function of circulating fluidized activation flushing system is to activate the indigenous flora, accelerate the flow of water, increase the dissolved oxygen content of the water body, activate the water body, reduce the loss and input of the composite microorganisms, and secondly, inoculate and proliferate the proliferating flora. Make water Body biological balance; Third, circulating fluidized flushing, so that the filter material gap is smooth, not easy to block.
  • the water body bioremediation device is also provided with a floating body.
  • the floating body is optional according to the use condition, and is a high-density foam rubber type, and the height of the water body bioremediation device in the polluted water body is adjusted according to the water depth, and is usually placed outside the tank.
  • the biological filter tank that is, the inside of the box body needs to be anti-corrosion, and the material such as FRP anti-corrosion or corrosion-resistant stainless steel can be used.
  • the lower part of the box body is provided with a polluted water body inlet
  • the upper part of the box body is provided with a purified water outlet, wherein the position of the polluted water body inlet is higher than the microporous tube type aerator or the aeration oxygenation grid, and the position of the water outlet after purification Higher than the composite microbial generator.
  • a method of biological restoration of water includes the following steps:
  • the water body to be treated enters the water body bioremediation device, and the microporous aeration and oxygenation system is used to increase the dissolved oxygen content of the water body through the microporous aeration and aeration system, and the dissolved oxygen content is adjusted to be ⁇ 2 mg/L, preferably controlled at 2.0 ⁇ 4.0mg/L, to stabilize the organic pollutants in the polluted water, ammoniation, nitrification, etc.;
  • the water body flows upward through the carbon fiber ecological base to form a biofilm on the carbon fiber ecological base; the indigenous microbial flora is optimized, the sewage substrate is continuously contacted, and adsorption, mass transfer, metabolism and the like are used to purify the sewage;
  • the water body treated by the carbon fiber ecological base membrane flows through the composite microbial generating device to convert the macromolecular organic matter in the polluted water body into soluble organic small molecules, and activates the indigenous flora through the circulating fluidized activation system, and utilizes the microorganism pair
  • the nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body are effectively adsorbed, transformed and degraded, inhibiting the algae reproduction, and completing the bioremediation of the water body.
  • the method controls the water body pH ⁇ 7 during the treatment, and the water temperature is 20-35 °C.
  • the principle of the invention is as follows: the eutrophication, black odor water body increases the dissolved oxygen content of the water body through microporous aeration and oxygen activation, activates aerobic microorganisms, and stabilizes and degrades the organic pollutants of the polluted water body in a short time. Nitrification and other effects.
  • the polluted water enters the bioremediation device and is activated by microporous aeration and reactivation.
  • the extracellular enzyme is used to pollute the large molecules in the water body.
  • the organic matter is converted into soluble organic small molecules, which are subjected to primary decomposition, absorption and degradation by enzymatic reaction.
  • the circulating fluidization activation system activates the indigenous flora, accelerates the proliferation and reproduction of the indigenous beneficial bacteria, and uses microorganisms to carry out nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. Effective adsorption, transformation and degradation, inhibit algae reproduction, bio-enhancement repair water body self-cleaning function, restore ecological balance.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the water body bioremediation device of the invention can be placed in a river or a polluted water body of a lake, and naturally absorbs water in the direction of the aerated water flow to carry out bioremediation of the black and odorous water body; or puts on the land shore and sucks into the black and odorous water body for bioremediation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water body bioremediation device according to the present invention, wherein: 1--contaminated water body inlet, 2-microporous tube aerator, 3-carbon fiber ecological base, 4-complex microbial device, 5-microporous exposure Trachea, 6-purified outlet, 7-vortex blower, 8-microcirculation pump, 9-float.
  • a water body bioremediation device as shown in FIG. 1 , comprises a microporous aeration and aeration system, a carbon fiber ecological base 3, a composite microbial generating device 4, a circulating fluidized activation flushing system, and a tank; the microporous exposure
  • the gas aeration system is composed of a vortex blower 7, a microporous tube aerator 2 and a microporous aeration tube 5; the tank is divided into four regions from bottom to top and a microporous tube aerator 2 is arranged in turn.
  • the microporous tube aerator diaphragm has a pore size of 80 to 100 micrometers.
  • the microporous aeration has a dissolved oxygen content of 2.0 to 4.0 mg/L.
  • the composite microbial generating device 4 is mainly composed of a porous cylindrical stainless steel tube or a porous sintered ceramic tube, a micro-aeration tube, a solidified microbial agent and a filter bed.
  • the filter bed is composed of one or more of natural zeolite, ceramsite and volcanic rock filter materials; the curing microbial agent is photosynthetic bacteria, Thiobacillus, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Bacillus, anti- One or several of the nitrifying bacteria and the nitrifying bacteria are combined.
  • the carbon fiber eco-based 3 has a specific surface area of from 1,000 to 3,000 m 2 /g.
  • the circulating fluidized activation flushing system includes a microcirculation water pump 8.
  • the water body bioremediation device is also provided with a floating body 9.
  • the floating body is optional according to the use condition, and is a high-density foam rubber type, and the height of the water body bioremediation device in the polluted water body is adjusted according to the water depth, and is usually placed outside the tank.
  • the inside of the box needs to be anti-corrosion, and the material such as FRP anti-corrosion or corrosion-resistant stainless steel can be used.
  • the lower part of the box body is provided with a polluted water body inlet 1, and the upper part of the box body is provided with a purified water outlet port 6, wherein the position of the polluted water body inlet is higher than the microporous tube type aerator or the aeration oxygenation grid, and the purified water outlet The location is higher than the composite microbial generator.
  • the main component of the filter material used in the examples is a natural zeolite of 100 mesh to 200 mesh, and the solidified microbial agent is composed of a main component of photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and sulfur bacteria.
  • the power is 2.2kw
  • the oxygen-enhancing capacity is 4.5 ⁇ 14kg
  • the water bioremediation device is 4 cubic volumes. .
  • the water transparency is greater than 25cm
  • the dissolved oxygen content of the water is DO ⁇ 2mg/L.
  • the contents of BOD 5 , CODcr, SS, NH 3 -N, TN and TP in water before and after treatment are shown in Table 2.
  • the main component of the filter material used in the examples is a zeolite of 30 to 80 mesh and a volcanic rock.
  • the solidified microbial agent is composed of components such as photosynthetic bacteria, Thiobacillus, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, yeast, and Bacillus.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

一种水体生物修复的装置，包括微孔曝气增氧系统、碳素纤维生态基（3）、复合微生物发生装置（4）、循环流化活化冲洗系统以及箱体；微孔曝气增氧系统由漩涡鼓风机（7）、微孔管式曝气器（2）或是曝气增氧格、和微孔曝气管（5）组成；箱体自下而上分为4个区域并依次设置有微孔管式曝气器（2）或是曝气增氧格，碳素纤维生态基（3），复合微生物发生装置（4），以及循环流化活化冲洗系统。以及一种水体生物修复的方法。该装置放于河涌或湖泊污染水体中，利用曝气水流方向自然吸水进来进行黑臭水体生物修复；或放于陆地岸上利用泵吸进黑臭水体进行生物修复。

Description

一种水体生物修复的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种水体生物修复的方法及装置。
背景技术
随着社会经济的快速发展，产生大量的工业污水、生活污水、农业污水的排放，大气沉降、降水径流等方面的各种污染物流入水体中造成污染。河涌湖泊中氮磷和重金属过量导致藻类大量繁殖，水体原有的生态平衡和结构遭到破坏。近年来在我国的内陆和近海水体中频发的蓝藻灾害，就是因为污染物排放造成的水体富营养化而导致的水体生态灾害。其结果是导致水质恶化，水体发黑发臭、溶解氧耗竭、透明度降低、鱼类死亡，对人和动物产生毒性，已经形成非常严重的环境污染问题。
申请号为201010539843.0的中国专利申请公开了一种受污染河道水体修复治理方法和系统，申请号为201310006749.2的中国专利申请公开了一种污染水体治理系统及其构建方法，这两个专利申请中公开的方法都是常规污水处理方法应对水体污染治理，工作量大、效率低、投入大。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的缺点和不足之处，本发明的首要目的在于提供一种水体生物强化修复的装置，快速改善水体微生物生态环境。该装置适用于河涌、湖泊黑臭水体修复、养殖水体的增氧活化，也适于工业污水处理和城镇生活污水增氧曝气，河道、湖泊水质改善曝气等。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种水体生物修复的方法。该方法通过微孔曝 气增氧系统、碳素纤维生态基、复合微生物发生装置组成的高生物量生物滤池，快速增加水体中的溶氧含量，形成高的生物量，搅动河涌湖泊底部沉积污泥，有机污染物等，快速进行有机物的降解、硝化、氨化等作用，改善水体质量，进而限制和消除蓝藻过量增殖的环境条件，达到改善和修复水体生态的效果，使水体自我净化功能得以恢复。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种水体生物修复装置，包括微孔曝气增氧系统、碳素纤维生态基、复合微生物发生装置、循环流化活化冲洗系统以及箱体；所述微孔曝气增氧系统由漩涡鼓风机、微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格、以及微孔曝气管组成；箱体自下而上分为4个区域并依次设置有微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格，碳素纤维生态基，复合微生物发生装置，以及循环流化活化冲洗系统；其中漩涡鼓风机设置在箱体外部并与微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格、以及微孔曝气管连接，微孔曝气管设置在复合微生物发生装置区域。
所述微孔曝气增氧系统由漩涡鼓风机、微孔管式曝气器或曝气增氧格(一格10根或不限于)和微孔曝气管组成。所述微孔管式曝气器膜片孔径为80～100微米。所述微孔曝气，溶解氧含量控制在2.0～4.0mg/L。
所述复合微生物发生装置主要由多孔圆筒不锈钢管或是多孔烧结陶瓷管，微细增氧管，固化微生物剂和滤床组成。
所述滤床由天然沸石、陶粒和火山岩等滤料中的一种或几种配伍组成；所述固化微生物剂为光合菌、硫杆菌、放线菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、芽孢杆菌、反硝化细菌和硝化细菌中的一种或几种复合。
所述碳素纤维生态基比表面积为1000～3000m2/g。选用的碳素纤维生态基微生物挂膜快，生物膜易脱落，材质稳定，抗酸抗碱，耐老化，比表面积巨大。
所述循环流化活化冲洗系统包括微循环水泵。设置循环流化活化冲洗系统的作用，一是激活土著菌群、加速水体流动，增加水体溶解氧含量，活化水体，减少复合微生物的流失及投入；二可以循化流化不断接种繁殖增殖菌群，使水 体生物平衡；三是循环流化冲洗，使滤料空隙畅通，不易堵塞。
所述水体生物修复装置还设置有浮体。浮体根据使用情况为可选项，为高密度泡沫橡胶类，根据水深调节水体生物修复装置在污染水体中的高度，通常安置在箱体外部。
生物滤池即箱体内部需进行防腐，可采用玻璃钢防腐或是抗腐蚀性不锈钢等材料。
所述箱体下部设有污染水体入口，箱体上部设有净化后出水口，其中污染水体入口的位置高于微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格，净化后出水口的位置高于复合微生物发生装置。
一种水体生物修复的方法，包括以下步骤：
待处理水体(即污染水体)进入水体生物修复装置，通过微孔曝气增氧系统进行微孔曝气增氧活化增加水体溶氧量，调节溶解氧含量≥2mg/L，优选控制在2.0～4.0mg/L，使污染水体中的有机污染物进行稳定化降解、氨化、硝化等作用；
经曝气活化后的水体向上流经碳纤维生态基，在碳纤维生态基上形成生物膜；优化土著微生物菌群，与污水的底物不断接触，吸附、传质、代谢等活动对污水进行净化；
经碳素纤维生态基挂膜处理后的水体流经复合微生物发生装置，将污染水体中大分子的有机物转化为可溶性的有机小分子，同时通过循环流化活化系统激活土著菌群，利用微生物对水体中的氮、磷元素进行有效吸附、转化和降解，抑制藻类繁殖，完成对水体的生物修复。
所述方法在处理过程中控制水体pH≥7，水温在20～35℃。
本发明原理如下：富营养化、黑臭水体经过微孔曝气增氧活化增加水体溶氧量，激活好氧微生物，较短时间内将污染水体的有机污染物进行稳定化降解、氨化、硝化等作用。污染水体进入生物修复装置，经微孔曝气复氧活化，通过碳素纤维生态基及复合微生物发生装置，利用胞外酶将污染水体中大分子的有 机物转化为可溶性的有机小分子，经酶反应进行初级分解吸收、降解；循环流化活化系统激活土著菌群，加速土著有益菌群的增殖繁殖，利用微生物对水体中的氮、磷元素进行有效吸附、转化和降解，抑制藻类繁殖，生物强化修复水体自净功能，恢复生态平衡。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点及有益效果：
本发明水体生物修复装置可放于河涌或湖泊污染水体中，利用曝气水流方向自然吸水进来进行黑臭水体生物修复；或放于陆地岸上利用泵吸进黑臭水体进行生物修复。
附图说明
图1为本发明水体生物修复装置结构示意图，其中：1-污染水体入口，2-微孔管式曝气器，3-碳素纤维生态基，4-复合微生物发生装置，5-微孔曝气管，6-净化后出水口，7-漩涡鼓风机，8-微循环水泵，9-浮体。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
一种水体生物修复装置，如图1所示，包括微孔曝气增氧系统、碳素纤维生态基3、复合微生物发生装置4、循环流化活化冲洗系统以及箱体；所述微孔曝气增氧系统由漩涡鼓风机7、微孔管式曝气器2和微孔曝气管5组成；箱体自下而上分为4个区域并依次设置有微孔管式曝气器2，碳素纤维生态基3，复合微生物发生装置4，以及循环流化活化冲洗系统；其中漩涡鼓风机7设置在箱体外部并与微孔管式曝气器2以及微孔曝气管5连接，微孔曝气管5设置在复合微生物发生装置4区域。
所述微孔管式曝气器膜片孔径80～100微米。所述微孔曝气，溶解氧含量控制在2.0～4.0mg/L。
所述复合微生物发生装置4主要由多孔圆筒不锈钢管或是多孔烧结陶瓷管，微细增氧管，固化微生物剂和滤床组成。
所述滤床由天然沸石、陶粒和火山岩等滤料中的一种或几种配伍组成；所述固化微生物剂为光合菌、硫杆菌、放线菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、芽孢杆菌、反硝化细菌和硝化细菌中的一种或几种复合。
所述碳素纤维生态基3的比表面积为1000～3000m2/g。
所述循环流化活化冲洗系统包括微循环水泵8。
所述水体生物修复装置还设置有浮体9。浮体根据使用情况为可选项，为高密度泡沫橡胶类，根据水深调节水体生物修复装置在污染水体中的高度，通常安置在箱体外部。
所述箱体内部需进行防腐，可采用玻璃钢防腐或是抗腐蚀性不锈钢等材料。
所述箱体下部设有污染水体入口1，箱体上部设有净化后出水口6，其中污染水体入口的位置高于微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格，净化后出水口的位置高于复合微生物发生装置。
实施例1
使用图1所述的水体生物修复装置2台，功率0.85kw，增氧能力1.2～3kg。修复养殖鱼塘中的水体，水体生物修复装置为1立方体积。将所述装置放置于5亩水面的水塘岸上，经水泵吸水，处理2个月后氨氮、亚硝酸盐分别下降75％、91.7％，水体溶解氧含量DO≥4mg/L。处理前后水体pH值、氨氮和亚硝酸盐含量如表1所示。实施例中使用的滤料主要组分为100目～200目的天然沸石，固化微生物剂由光合菌、硝化细菌、乳酸菌、硫杆菌主要组分组成。
表1处理前后水体pH值、氨氮和亚硝酸盐含量(单位mg/L)
项目 pH值 氨氮 亚硝酸盐
处理前 8.3 0.4 0.6
经2个月修复后 8.1 0.1 0.05
实施例2
使用图1所述的水体生物修复装置2台，功率2.2kw，增氧能力4.5～14kg修复宽6米、长度500米、水深0.8～1.2米的黑臭河渠，水体生物修复装置为4立方体积。处理1个月后水质透明度大于25cm，水体溶解氧含量DO≥2mg/L。处理前后水体BOD5、CODcr、SS、NH3-N、TN、TP含量如表2所示。实施例中使用的滤料主要组分为30～80目的沸石及火山岩组成，固化微生物剂由光合菌、硫杆菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌、酵母菌、芽孢杆菌等组分组成。
表2处理前后水体BOD5、CODcr、SS、NH3-N、TN、TP含量(单位mg/L)
名称 BOD5 CODcr SS NH3-N TN TP
原水质数据(mg/L) 75 156 43 34.8 44.4 2.6
经3个月修复后水质数据(mg/L) 12.2 31.2 20 2.6 11.2 0.6
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，包括微孔曝气增氧系统、碳素纤维生态基、复合微生物发生装置、循环流化活化冲洗系统以及箱体；所述微孔曝气增氧系统由漩涡鼓风机、微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格、以及微孔曝气管组成；箱体自下而上分为4个区域并依次设置有微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格，碳素纤维生态基，复合微生物发生装置，以及循环流化活化冲洗系统；其中漩涡鼓风机设置在箱体外部并与微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格、以及微孔曝气管连接，微孔曝气管设置在复合微生物发生装置区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述微孔管式曝气器膜片孔径为80～100微米。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述复合微生物发生装置主要由多孔圆筒不锈钢管或是多孔烧结陶瓷管，微细增氧管，固化微生物剂和滤床组成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述滤床为天然沸石、陶粒和火山岩中的一种或几种配伍组成；所述固化微生物剂为光合菌、硫杆菌、放线菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、芽孢杆菌、反硝化细菌和硝化细菌中的一种或几种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述碳素纤维生态基比表面积为1000～3000m2/g。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述循环流化活化冲洗系统包括微循环水泵。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述水体生物修复装置还设置有浮体。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水体生物修复装置，其特征在于，所述箱体下部设有污染水体入口，箱体上部设有净化后出水口，其中污染水体入口的位 置高于微孔管式曝气器或是曝气增氧格，净化后出水口的位置高于复合微生物发生装置。
  9. 一种水体生物修复的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    待处理水体进入水体生物修复装置，通过微孔曝气增氧系统进行微孔曝气增氧活化增加水体溶氧量，调节溶解氧含量≥2mg/L；
    经曝气活化后的水体向上流经碳纤维生态基，在碳纤维生态基上形成生物膜；经碳素纤维生态基挂膜处理后的水体流经复合微生物发生装置，将水体中大分子的有机物转化为可溶性的有机小分子，同时通过循环流化活化系统激活土著菌群，利用微生物对水体中的氮、磷元素进行有效吸附、转化和降解，抑制藻类繁殖，完成水体生物修复。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种水体生物修复的方法，其特征在于，所述方法在处理过程中控制水体pH≥7，水温在20～35℃。
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