WO2018201360A1 - 一种车辆定位方法和系统 - Google Patents
一种车辆定位方法和系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018201360A1 WO2018201360A1 PCT/CN2017/082961 CN2017082961W WO2018201360A1 WO 2018201360 A1 WO2018201360 A1 WO 2018201360A1 CN 2017082961 W CN2017082961 W CN 2017082961W WO 2018201360 A1 WO2018201360 A1 WO 2018201360A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
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- the present invention relates to the field of traffic control technologies, and in particular, to a vehicle positioning method and system.
- the basic requirement for the driver to plan for the parking lot is that the parking lot can instruct the driver to quickly find the parking space and can quickly find the parking position of the vehicle when the vehicle needs to be retrieved.
- many parking lots or garages are divided into regions and combined with symbols such as numbers and/or letters to calibrate different parking spaces. The driver can track the parking spaces by the symbol mark. Find and find the parking location of the vehicle. Similarly, the parking lot or garage can also save time for the driver to find a parking space by indicating a parking space with certain symbol markings at the entrance.
- the above manner of symbol marking the parking space may not indicate that the driver performs a quick search because the driver forgets the symbol mark corresponding to the parking space; in addition, the above indication of the parking space usage state is usually based on the camera monitoring of the parking space. In view of the increasing scale of the parking lot, the above method may require a large number of cameras to fully monitor and cover all parking spaces, which not only improves the operating cost of the parking lot, but also is not conducive to the overall planning and control of the parking lot.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that a parking lot or a garage of the prior art needs to provide a camera for each parking space to monitor the usage status of the corresponding parking space and instruct the driver to find a parking space.
- this method requires a large number of cameras to monitor, thereby improving the operation and maintenance cost of the parking lot or the garage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and system for quickly tracking and locating a vehicle without the aid of a camera.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle positioning method, which is characterized by The method described includes:
- S101 arranging a sensing unit over the entire area of the parking area, the sensing unit illuminating the parking area with an optical signal, and detecting an optical signal distribution of the parking area;
- the sensing unit emits visible light or infrared light to the parking area
- the light information distribution refers to light intensity distribution information or spectral distribution information on the parking space in the parking area.
- the identification code is a scannable code associated with usage status information of the parking space
- acquiring the travel planning route of the vehicle by using the identification code is specifically: generating an optimal driving route by acquiring an parking area entrance position where the vehicle is located and an idle parking space closest to the vehicle distance.
- S103 further includes tracking the actual travel route of the vehicle and comparing the actual travel route with the travel planning route to identify whether the movement of the vehicle deviates from the travel planning route.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle positioning system, wherein the system includes a control unit, a sensing unit, a determining unit, and a line planning unit, wherein the control unit is configured to control the sensing unit, The working status of the determining unit and the line planning unit;
- the sensing unit is configured to emit optical information to a parking space in a parking area and receive the parking space feedback light information;
- the determining unit is configured to acquire usage state information of the parking space based on the feedback light information
- the line planning unit can plan an optimal driving route for the vehicle to reach the idle parking space based on the usage state information of the parking space;
- the sensing unit includes a light irradiation unit that emits light information and a light detection unit that receives feedback light information;
- the optical information is visible light or infrared light
- the feedback light information is light intensity distribution information or spectral distribution information after the light information emitted by the light irradiation unit is applied through the parking space;
- the usage status information of the parking space and the optimal driving line are set on the marking certificate in the form of a scannable identification identification code
- system further includes a tracking unit that acquires actual driving route and location information of the vehicle by identifying a tag on the tagged voucher;
- the system can also compare the actual driving line with the optimal driving line to remind the vehicle whether the driving is deviated from the optimal driving line.
- the present invention provides a vehicle positioning method and system by using the above-mentioned technical solution to acquire real-time use status of all parking spaces in the parking area by using a sensing unit disposed in the parking area, and according to the acquired parking space.
- Real-time use status information to find the free parking space closest to the vehicle and the optimal driving route to the free parking space; in addition, the method and system also allow the driver to obtain information about the parking area by scanning the identification code on the marked voucher Information about the parking space and tracking of the driving route of the vehicle during the journey, this method not only ensures that the vehicle can reach the corresponding parking space in the most convenient way, but also saves the operating cost of the parking area and improves the parking space. Operational efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a vehicle positioning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle positioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for locating a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method includes:
- a sensing unit is disposed in the entire range of the parking area, and the sensing unit irradiates the parking area with an optical signal, and detects a distribution of the optical signal of the parking area.
- the vehicle positioning method is mainly for detecting a use state of the parking space in the parking area and generating a travel route for instructing the vehicle to reach the free parking space.
- the parking area may be a parking lot or a garage having a single-layer or multi-layer structure, the entire range of the parking area being arranged by the sensing unit, optionally, the sensing unit may be disposed on the ceiling, floor, wall of the parking area Or at least one of the pillars of the building structure.
- the sensing unit includes a light irradiation unit and a light detecting unit, wherein the light irradiation unit is configured to emit visible light or infrared light, and the light irradiation unit may be, but not limited to, a light source device such as a light emitting diode, an arc lamp or a fluorescent lamp.
- the illumination unit can emit light of different colors such as white light, green light or yellow light, and the light intensity of the light irradiation unit can also be adjusted according to different time periods or different ambient light intensity.
- the light irradiation unit when the light irradiation unit emits visible light, the light irradiation unit can directly serve as an illumination source of the parking area, thereby preventing the light of the light irradiation unit and other illumination sources from causing crosstalk to the subsequent detection of the optical signal, and simultaneously Additional lighting sources can be avoided to reduce operating costs in the parking area.
- the parking space will be in an overall illuminated state, and if a parking space is in an occupied state, the parking space will appear in full or partially shaded state;
- the interior of the parking area is preferably formed by a material capable of absorbing infrared light, and if a parking space is in an idle state, the infrared light is absorbed when it is irradiated to the parking space.
- the infrared light will be reflected by the vehicle on the parking space, so that the parking space in the idle state and the occupied state, as can be seen from the above example, the parking area
- the parking space When the parking space is in an idle state or an occupied state, the parking space will accordingly exhibit two different light distribution states under the illumination of the light irradiation unit.
- the light detecting unit of the sensing unit is configured to detect light distribution on the parking space in the parking area status.
- the light detecting unit may be a visible light detector or an infrared light detector depending on the type of light emitted by the light irradiation unit.
- the light detecting unit may be disposed on the same side or the opposite side of its corresponding light irradiation unit, for example, when the light irradiation unit is disposed on the ceiling of the parking area, the light detecting unit may be disposed on the ceiling of the parking area or on the floor.
- the selection of the position of the light detecting unit is mainly determined by the overall distribution of the parking space, and the setting position generally reflects the light distribution of the parking space.
- the light detecting unit can be, but not limited to, a CCD, a CMOS, or a spectrally distributed sensor.
- the light detecting unit can be used to detect light intensity distribution information or spectral distribution information and the like on the parking space; for example, when the light detecting unit detects the light intensity distribution information on the parking space, the light detecting unit preferably Provided on the floor of the parking space, when the vehicle is parked on the parking space, the light detecting unit may not detect the light intensity signal emitted by the light irradiation unit or the detected light intensity signal may decrease.
- Acquiring the change of the electrical signal strength converted by the light detecting unit according to the received light intensity signal may be used as a basis for determining whether the light detecting unit is occupied; when the light detecting unit is detecting the spectral distribution information on the parking space
- the light detecting unit is preferably disposed at a position on the same side as the light irradiation unit, and when the light emitted by the light irradiation unit is irradiated onto the vehicle, the surface of the vehicle reflects the light, since the surface of the vehicle usually has different colors. Protecting the paint and streamline shape, the reflected light will exhibit a different spectral distribution than the incident light. Comp parking state can be determined by using the spectral distribution of the reflected light information detected.
- the light detecting unit transmits the detected light intensity information or spectral distribution information to the control unit for further processing.
- the vehicle When the vehicle enters the parking area range, the vehicle is assigned a mark voucher, and the mark voucher is set with an identification code generated based on the optical signal distribution.
- the entrance location of the parking area is provided with a gate for managing vehicle access, and a manual and/or self-service window for the driver to obtain the marked voucher, which may be, but is not limited to, a parking kiosk or a parking kiosk Functional computer device.
- the markup voucher may be obtained from the service personnel or the automatic ticket pick-up machine, and the mark code is printed with an identification code, which may be, but not limited to, a one-dimensional barcode or a two-dimensional code.
- the identification code is generated by the control unit based on the light intensity information or the spectral distribution information obtained in the previous step.
- the control unit acquires light intensity information or spectral distribution information on the parking space used in the parking area in real time, and the control unit transmits the light intensity information or the spectral distribution information to the determining unit, and the determining unit is based on receiving The light intensity information or the spectral distribution information determines the corresponding parking Whether the bit is in an idle state or an occupied state. If the determining unit receives the light intensity information, the light intensity information is compared with a preset light intensity threshold. If the light intensity information is less than or equal to the preset light intensity threshold, the parking space is occupied.
- the determining unit receives the spectral distribution information, it compares the spectral distribution information with the initial spectral distribution information, if The comparison processing result shows that when the peak distribution of the two spectral distribution information is red-shifted or blue-shifted, it indicates that the parking space is in an occupied state, and if not, it indicates that the parking space is in an idle state, so that the control unit is based on the determining unit.
- the judgment recognition result can obtain a distribution map of the current usage states of all parking spaces.
- the control unit generates an identification code for the distribution map by the identification code generation program.
- the tag voucher is further printed with an RFID tag or an NFC tag, and correspondingly, a tracking unit is disposed on the parking area corresponding to the installation position of the sensor unit.
- the tracking unit is capable of tracking the mobile line of the vehicle within a range defined by the parking area by sensing an RFID tag or an NFC tag on the tagged voucher.
- control unit is further capable of operating the route planning unit to generate a travel route for indicating that the vehicle is traveling to the nearest parking space according to the parking space usage state profile formed in the previous step.
- the route planning unit acquires the profile information and the entry information of the corresponding vehicle, the least-squares method or the neural network model is used to find the free parking space closest to the vehicle, and the vehicle is generated from the current entry value.
- the optimal driving route of the nearest free parking space, the vehicle can reach the parking space in the shortest time along the optimal driving route, and then the line planning unit feeds back the data related to the optimal driving route back to the control In the unit.
- the control unit uploads the profile information and the optimal driving route data to the cloud server, and establishes a connection link between the identification code and the distribution map information and the optimal driving route data to the cloud server.
- the optimal driving route data can be acquired and used as the navigation information of the vehicle.
- control unit is also capable of establishing a communication connection with the smart terminal, and the control unit acquires the real-time location and the travel route of the vehicle through the tracking unit arranged in the parking area, and the current travel route of the vehicle acquired by the control unit and the most When the superior driving lines do not coincide, the control unit sends an alarm signal to the intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal sends a reminding letter to the driver based on the warning signal. No. indicates that the driving route of the driver's current vehicle is not the optimal driving route.
- the vehicle positioning method acquires the real-time use status of all the parking spaces in the parking area by using the sensing unit disposed in the parking area in the form of emitting light signals, and uses the obtained parking space in real time according to the obtained parking space.
- the status information finds the free parking space closest to the vehicle and the optimal driving route to the free parking space; in addition, the method allows the driver to obtain information about the parking space in the parking area by scanning the identification code on the marking document.
- the information, as well as tracking the driving route of the vehicle during driving not only ensures that the vehicle can reach the corresponding parking space in the most convenient way, but also saves the operating cost of the parking area and improves the operating efficiency of the parking space.
- the vehicle positioning system can acquire a free parking space that is closest to the vehicle in the parking area, and the vehicle arrives at the The optimal driving route of the free parking space, the vehicle positioning system can also acquire the usage status information of all parking spaces in the parking area in real time by means of the sensor transmitting the optical signal, and obtain the information about the driver by scanning the identification code. Optimal driving route and parking space usage status information.
- the vehicle positioning system includes a control unit, a sensing unit, a judging unit, a line planning unit, and a tracking unit.
- the control unit is configured to control the working states of the sensing unit, the determining unit, the line planning unit, and the tracking unit, and the information data communication between each other.
- the sensing unit is configured to detect the usage status of the parking space in the parking area.
- the sensing unit includes a light irradiation unit and a light detecting unit; the light irradiation unit is configured to emit visible light or infrared light, and when the light irradiation unit emits visible light, the light irradiation unit can directly serve as an illumination source of the parking area.
- the light detecting unit of the sensing unit is configured to detect a light distribution state on the parking space in the parking area.
- the light detecting unit may specifically be a visible light detector or an infrared light detector.
- the determining unit determines whether the corresponding parking space is in an idle state or an occupied state based on the light intensity information or the spectral distribution information received by the light detecting unit; the control unit can acquire all the parking spaces according to the judgment and recognition result of the determining unit. Use the distribution of the state.
- the line planning unit parking space usage status map generates a driving line for indicating that the vehicle is traveling to the nearest parking space. Specifically, when the line planning unit acquires the distribution map information and the entry information of the corresponding vehicle, the least square method or the neural network model is used to find the distance from the vehicle. The nearest free parking space and the optimal travel route for the nearest free parking space from the current entrance value of the vehicle.
- the tracking unit is capable of tracking the mobile line of the vehicle within a range defined by the parking area by sensing an RFID tag or an NFC tag on the tagged voucher.
- the vehicle positioning system acquires the real-time use status of all the parking spaces in the parking area by using the sensing unit disposed in the parking area, and uses the obtained parking space in real time according to the acquired parking space.
- the status information finds the free parking space closest to the vehicle and the optimal driving route to the free parking space; in addition, the system allows the driver to obtain information about the parking space in the parking area by scanning the identification code on the marking voucher.
- the information, as well as tracking the driving route of the vehicle during driving not only ensures that the vehicle can reach the corresponding parking space in the most convenient way, but also saves the operating cost of the parking area and improves the operating efficiency of the parking space.
- the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).
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Abstract
公开了一种车辆定位方法，所述方法包括：S101、在停车区域的整个范围布设传感单元，所述传感单元向所述停车区域照射光信号，并检测所述停车区域的光信号分布情况；S102、在车辆进入停车区域范围时，向所述车辆分配标记凭证，所述标记凭证中设定有基于所述光信号分布情况生成的标识码；S103、识别所述标识码，通过所述标识码获取车辆的行驶规划线路，所述行驶规划线路用于指示车辆到达停车位。还公开了一种车辆定位系统。采用本方法，能提供一种高效和便捷的车辆定位方法。
Description
本发明涉及交通控制技术领域，尤其涉及一种车辆定位方法和系统。
随着城市交通路网的完善和汽车保有率的不断提高，自驾车已经成为人们出行的首选方式，这使得停车场的规模越来越大，并且向多层建筑形式发展。驾驶员对停车场规划的基本要求就是停车场能够指示驾驶员快速地找到停车位以及当需要取回车辆时能够快速地找到车辆的停泊位置。目前，许多停车场或者车库都是采用区域划分的方式，并结合数字和/或字母等符号进行组合，来标定不同的停车位，驾驶员通过追踪停车位的符号标记就能够在对应的区域附近查找，从而找到车辆的停泊位置。同样地，停车场或者车库还能够通过在入口处指示具有某些符号标记的停车位可供停泊，从而节省驾驶员寻找停车位的时间。但是，上述对停车位进行符号标记的方式可能由于驾驶员忘记对应停车位的符号标记而无法指示驾驶员进行快速查找；此外，上述对停车位使用状态的指示通常是基于对停车位进行摄像监控来实现的，鉴于停车场规模的日益扩大，上述方式可能需要大量的摄像机才能完全监控覆盖所有停车位，这不仅提高了停车场的运营成本，也不利于停车场的整体规划布控。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于现有技术的停车场或者车库需要针对每个停车位布设摄像机来监控对应停车位的使用状态以及指示驾驶员寻找停车位，这虽然能够有效地提高停车位的运转效率和节省驾驶员的停车位查找时间，但是这种方式需要设置数量庞大的摄像机进行监控，从而提高停车场或者车库的运营和维护成本。本发明的目的在于不需要借助摄像机的情况下，也能提供一种快速对车辆进行跟踪和定位的方法和系统。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种车辆定位方法，其特征在
于，述方法包括：
S101、在停车区域的整个范围布设传感单元，所述传感单元向所述停车区域照射光信号，并检测所述停车区域的光信号分布情况；
S102、在车辆进入停车区域范围时，向所述车辆分配标记凭证，所述标记凭证中设定有基于所述光信号分布情况生成的标识码；
S103、识别所述标识码，通过所述标识码获取车辆的行驶规划线路，所述行驶规划线路用于指示车辆到达停车位；
进一步，在S101中，所述传感单元通过向所述停车区域发射可见光线或者红外光线，并且所述光信息分布情况是指所述停车区域中停车位上的光强分布信息或者光谱分布信息；
进一步，在S102中，将所述光强分布信息与预设光强阈值进行比较而得出所述停车位的使用状态信息；
或者，将所述光谱分布信息与初始光谱分布信息进行对照，并基于所述对照结果是否发生波峰移动而得出所述停车位的使用状态信息；
所述标识码是与所述停车位的使用状态信息相关联的可扫描编码；
进一步，在S103中，通过所述标识码获取车辆的行驶规划线路具体为通过获取所述车辆所处的停车区域入口位置以及与所述车辆距离最近的空闲停车位生成最优行驶线路作为所述行驶规划线路；
进一步，S103还包括通过对车辆的实际行驶线路进行追踪，并将所述实际行驶线路与所述行驶规划线路进行对照，以识别所述车辆的移动是否偏离了所述行驶规划线路。
相应地，本发明实施例还提供一种车辆定位系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括控制单元、传感单元、判断单元和线路规划单元，所述控制单元用于控制所述传感单元、所述判断单元和所述线路规划单元的工作状态；
所述传感单元用于向停车区域中停车位发射光信息以及接收所述停车位反馈光信息；
所述判断单元能够基于所述反馈光信息获取所述停车位的使用状态信息；
所述线路规划单元能够基于所述停车位的使用状态信息规划出车辆到达空闲停车位的最优行驶线路；
进一步，所述传感单元包括发射光信息的光照射单元和接收反馈光信息的光检测单元；
所述光信息为可见光线或者红外光线；
所述反馈光信息为所述光照射单元发射的光信息经所述停车位作用后的光强分布信息或者光谱分布信息；
进一步，所述停车位的使用状态信息和所述最优行驶线路以可扫描识别标识码的形式设置在标记凭证上；
进一步，所述系统还还包括追踪单元，所述追踪单元通过识别所述标记凭证上的标签，来获取所述车辆的实际行驶线路和位置信息；
进一步，所述系统还能将所述实际行驶线路和所述最优行驶线路进行对照，以提醒车辆的行驶是否偏离所述最优行驶线路。
本发明通过上述技术方案提供一种车辆定位方法和系统通过在停车区域中布设的传感单元以发射光信号的形式获取该停车区域中所有停车位的实时使用状态，并根据该获取的停车位实时使用状态信息寻找出与车辆距离最近的空闲停车位以及到达该空闲停车位的最优行驶线路；此外，该方法和系统还允许驾驶员通过扫描标记凭证上标识码的方式获取关于停车区域中停车位的相关信息，以及对车辆在行驶过程的行驶线路进行追踪，该方法不仅能够保证车辆能够以最便捷的方式到达相应的停车位，而且还能节省停车区域的运营成本和提高停车位的运转效率。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种车辆定位方法的流程示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种车辆定位系统的结构示意图。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1，为本发明实施例提供的一种车辆定位方法的流程示意图，在本发明实施例中，所述方法包括：
S101、在停车区域的整个范围布设传感单元，该传感单元向该停车区域照射光信号，并检测该停车区域的光信号分布情况。
具体而言，该车辆定位方法主要是用于在停车区域中检测停车位的使用状态以及生成用于指示车辆到达空闲停车位的行驶线路。该停车区域可为具有单层或者多层结构的停车场或者车库，该停车区域的整个范围布置由传感单元，可选地，该传感单元可设置在该停车区域的天花板、地板、墙壁或者支柱中至少一种建筑结构上。该传感单元包括光照射单元和光检测单元；其中，该光照射单元用于发射可见光线或者红外光线，该光照射单元可为但不限于是发光二极管、弧光灯或者日光灯等光源装置，该光照射单元可发出白光、绿光或者黄光等不同颜色的光线，并且该光照射单元的发光强度还可依据不同时段或者不同外界环境光强进行调整。实际上，当该光照射单元发射可见光线时，该光照射单元可直接用作该停车区域的照明光源，从而避免该光照射单元与其他照明光源的光线对后续的光信号检测产生串扰，同时也可避免额外设置其他照明光源以降低停车区域的运营成本。举例而言，若某一停车位处于空闲状态时，该停车位就会处于整体被照亮的状态，若某一停车位处于占用状态时，该停车位就会出现全部或者部分阴影的状态；当该光照射单元发射红外光线时，该停车区域的内部优选采用能够吸收红外光线的材料形成，若某一停车位处于空闲状态时，该红外光线照射到该停车位上时就会被吸收，若某一停车位处于占用状态时，该红外光线照射到该停车位上时就会被其上的车辆反射，这样处于空闲状态和占用状态的停车位，从上面举例的情况可知，停车区域的停车位在处于空闲状态或者占用状态这两种情况时，该停车位在该光照射单元的照射下也会相应地呈现出两种不同的光线分布状态。
该传感单元的光检测单元是用于检测该停车区域中停车位上的光线分布
状态。根据光照射单元发射光线的类型不同，该光检测单元可以是可见光检测器或者红外光检测器。该光检测单元可以设置在其对应的光照射单元的同侧或者相对侧，比如，当该光照射单元设置在停车区域的天花板时，该光检测单元可设置在停车区域的天花板上或者地板上，该光检测单元设置位置的选择主要取决于该停车位的整体分布，该设置位置通常能够反映该停车位的光线分布情况。该光检测单元可为但不限于是CCD、CMOS或者光谱分布传感器。相应地，该光检测单元可用于检测停车位上的光强分布信息或者光谱分布信息等；举例而言，当该光检测单元是检测停车位上的光强分布信息时，该光检测单元优选设置于该停车位的地板上，当该停车位上停放有车辆，则该光检测单元就会检测不到该光照射单元发出的光线强度信号或者其检测到的该光线强度信号会降低，通过获取该光检测单元根据接收到的光线强度信号转换成的电信号强度变化情况，就可以作为判断该光检测单元是否被占用的依据；当该光检测单元是检测停车位上的光谱分布信息时，该光检测单元优选设置在与该光照射单元同侧的位置，当该光照射单元发射的光线照射到车辆上时，该车辆表面会将该光线进行反射，由于车辆表面通常具有不同颜色的保护漆和流线形状，该经过反射的光线就会呈现与入射光线不同的光谱分布状态，这样通过检测该反射光线的光谱分布信息就可判断停车位的使用状态。该光检测单元会将其检测到的光线强度信息或者光谱分布信息传送到控制单元进行下一步处理。
S102、在车辆进入停车区域范围时，向该车辆分配标记凭证，该标记凭证中设定有基于该光信号分布情况生成的标识码。
具体而言，该停车区域的入口位置设置有用于管理车辆进出的闸口、以及供驾驶员获取标记凭证的人工和/或自助服务窗口，该服务窗口可为但不限于是停车亭或者具有停车亭功能的计算机装置。当车辆通过该服务窗口时，可向服务人员或者自动取票机获取还标记凭证，该标记凭证上印刷有标识码，该标识码可为但不限于是一维条形码或者二维码等形式，该标识码是该控制单元基于上一步骤中获得的光线强度信息或者光谱分布信息生成的。举例而言，该控制单元实时获取该停车区域中所用停车位上的光线强度信息或者光谱分布信息，该控制单元将该光线强度信息或者光谱分布信息传送到判断单元中，该判断单元基于接收到的该光线强度信息或者光谱分布信息判断识别对应的停车
位究竟是处于空闲状态还是占用状态。若该判断单元接收到光线强度信息时，其将该光线强度信息与预设光强阈值进行比较，若该光线强度信息小于或者等于预设光强阈值时，则表明该停车位处于占用状态，若该光线强度信息大于预设光强阈值时，则表明该停车位处于空闲状态；又若该判断单元接收到光谱分布信息时，其将该光谱分布信息与初始光谱分布信息进行对照，若该对照处理结果显示上述两个光谱分布信息的波峰分布出现红移或者蓝移时，则表明该停车位处于占用状态，若否，则表明该停车位处于空闲状态，这样该控制单元根据该判断单元的判断识别结果能够获取所有停车位当前使用状态的分布图。该控制单元通过标识码生成程序生成关于该分布图的标识码。
进一步，该标记凭证上还印刷有RFID标签或者NFC标签，相应地，该停车区域上与该传感器单元的安装位置对应设置有追踪单元。该追踪单元能够通过感应该标记凭证上的RFID标签或者NFC标签来在停车区域限定的范围内对车辆进行移动线路的跟踪。
S103、识别该标识码，通过该标识码获取车辆的行驶规划线路，该行驶规划线路用于指示车辆到达停车位。
具体而言，该控制单元还能够操作线路规划单元依据上一步骤形成的停车位使用状态分布图生成用于指示车辆行驶到距离最近的停车位的行驶线路。当该线路规划单元获取该分布图信息以及对应车辆所处的入口信息，基于最小二乘法或者神经网络模型来寻找出距离该车辆最近的空闲停车位，并生成该车辆从当前所述入口值该最近的空闲停车位的最优行驶线路，该车辆沿着该最优行驶线路能够以最短的时间到达该停车位上，随后，该线路规划单元将该最优行驶线路相关的数据反馈回该控制单元中。该控制单元将该分布图信息和最优行驶线路数据上传到云端服务器上，并建立该标识码与该分布图信息和最优行驶线路数据上传到云端服务器相互之间的连接链路。当驾驶员采用智能终端扫描该标识码时，就可获取该最优行驶线路数据并以此作为车辆的导航信息。
同时，该控制单元还能够与该智能终端建立其通信连接，该控制单元通过该停车区域中布置的追踪单元获取车辆实时的位置和行驶线路，当控制单元获取到的车辆当前行驶线路与该最优行驶线路之间并不重合时，该控制单元向该智能终端发送警报信号，该智能终端基于该警报信号会向驾驶员发出提醒信
号，指示驾驶员当期车辆的行驶线路并不是最优行驶线路。
从上述实施例可以看出，该车辆定位方法通过在停车区域中布设的传感单元以发射光信号的形式获取该停车区域中所有停车位的实时使用状态，并根据该获取的停车位实时使用状态信息寻找出与车辆距离最近的空闲停车位以及到达该空闲停车位的最优行驶线路；此外，该方法还允许驾驶员通过扫描标记凭证上标识码的方式获取关于停车区域中停车位的相关信息，以及对车辆在行驶过程的行驶线路进行追踪，该方法不仅能够保证车辆能够以最便捷的方式到达相应的停车位，而且还能节省停车区域的运营成本和提高停车位的运转效率。
参见图2，为本发明实施例提供的一种车辆定位系统的结构示意图，在本发明实施例中，该车辆定位系统能够获取车辆在停车区域中距离最近的空闲停车位，以及该车辆到达该空闲停车位的最优行驶线路，该车辆定位系统还能通过传感器发送光信号的方式实时获取该停车区域中所有停车位的使用状态信息，并以允许驾驶员通过扫描标识码的方式获取关于该最优行驶线路和停车位使用状态信息。
该车辆定位系统包括控制单元、传感单元、判断单元、线路规划单元和追踪单元。该控制单元用于控制该传感单元、判断单元、线路规划单元和追踪单元的工作状态以及相互之间的信息数据通信。
该传感单元用于检测停车区域中停车位的使用状态。该传感单元包括光照射单元和光检测单元；该光照射单元用于发射可见光线或者红外光线，当该光照射单元发射可见光线时，该光照射单元可直接用作该停车区域的照明光源。该传感单元的光检测单元是用于检测该停车区域中停车位上的光线分布状态。该光检测单元具体可为可见光检测器或者红外光检测器。
该判断单元基于该光检测单元接收到的光线强度信息或者光谱分布信息判断识别对应的停车位究竟是处于空闲状态还是占用状态；该控制单元根据该判断单元的判断识别结果能够获取所有停车位当前使用状态的分布图。
该线路规划单元停车位使用状态分布图生成用于指示车辆行驶到距离最近的停车位的行驶线路。具体为，当该线路规划单元获取该分布图信息以及对应车辆所处的入口信息，基于最小二乘法或者神经网络模型来寻找出距离该车
辆最近的空闲停车位，并生成该车辆从当前所述入口值该最近的空闲停车位的最优行驶线路。
该追踪单元能够通过感应该标记凭证上的RFID标签或者NFC标签来在停车区域限定的范围内对车辆进行移动线路的跟踪。
关于本实施例涉及的术语的含义以及举例，可以参考图1对应的实施例。此处不再赘述。
从上述实施例可以看出，该车辆定位系统通过在停车区域中布设的传感单元以发射光信号的形式获取该停车区域中所有停车位的实时使用状态，并根据该获取的停车位实时使用状态信息寻找出与车辆距离最近的空闲停车位以及到达该空闲停车位的最优行驶线路；此外，该系统还允许驾驶员通过扫描标记凭证上标识码的方式获取关于停车区域中停车位的相关信息，以及对车辆在行驶过程的行驶线路进行追踪，该方法不仅能够保证车辆能够以最便捷的方式到达相应的停车位，而且还能节省停车区域的运营成本和提高停车位的运转效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种车辆定位方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：S101、在停车区域的整个范围布设传感单元，所述传感单元向所述停车区域照射光信号，并检测所述停车区域的光信号分布情况；S102、在车辆进入停车区域范围时，向所述车辆分配标记凭证，所述标记凭证中设定有基于所述光信号分布情况生成的标识码；S103、识别所述标识码，通过所述标识码获取车辆的行驶规划线路，所述行驶规划线路用于指示车辆到达停车位。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在S101中，所述传感单元通过向所述停车区域发射可见光线或者红外光线，并且所述光信息分布情况是指所述停车区域中停车位上的光强分布信息或者光谱分布信息。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在S102中，将所述光强分布信息与预设光强阈值进行比较而得出所述停车位的使用状态信息；或者，将所述光谱分布信息与初始光谱分布信息进行对照，并基于所述对照结果是否发生波峰移动而得出所述停车位的使用状态信息；所述标识码是与所述停车位的使用状态信息相关联的可扫描编码。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在S103中，通过所述标识码获取车辆的行驶规划线路具体为通过获取所述车辆所处的停车区域入口位置以及与所述车辆距离最近的空闲停车位生成最优行驶线路作为所述行驶规划线路。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，S103还包括通过对车辆的实际行驶线路进行追踪，并将所述实际行驶线 路与所述行驶规划线路进行对照，以识别所述车辆的移动是否偏离了所述行驶规划线路。
- 一种车辆定位系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括控制单元、传感单元、判断单元和线路规划单元，所述控制单元用于控制所述传感单元、所述判断单元和所述线路规划单元的工作状态；所述传感单元用于向停车区域中停车位发射光信息以及接收所述停车位反馈光信息；所述判断单元能够基于所述反馈光信息获取所述停车位的使用状态信息；所述线路规划单元能够基于所述停车位的使用状态信息规划出车辆到达空闲停车位的最优行驶线路。
- 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述传感单元包括发射光信息的光照射单元和接收反馈光信息的光检测单元；所述光信息为可见光线或者红外光线；所述反馈光信息为所述光照射单元发射的光信息经所述停车位作用后的光强分布信息或者光谱分布信息。
- 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述停车位的使用状态信息和所述最优行驶线路以可扫描识别标识码的形式设置在标记凭证上。
- 根据权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还还包括追踪单元，所述追踪单元通过识别所述标记凭证上的标签，来获取所述车辆的实际行驶线路和位置信息。
- 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还能将所述实际行驶线路和所述最优行驶线路进行对照，以提醒车辆的行驶是否偏离所述最优行驶线路。
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