WO2018182554A2 - Système de freinage à blocage nul - Google Patents

Système de freinage à blocage nul Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018182554A2
WO2018182554A2 PCT/TR2017/050479 TR2017050479W WO2018182554A2 WO 2018182554 A2 WO2018182554 A2 WO 2018182554A2 TR 2017050479 W TR2017050479 W TR 2017050479W WO 2018182554 A2 WO2018182554 A2 WO 2018182554A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zero
braking system
lock braking
brake
black box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2017/050479
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2018182554A3 (fr
Inventor
Selçuk Karaosmanoğlu
Original Assignee
Karaosmanoglu Selcuk
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karaosmanoglu Selcuk filed Critical Karaosmanoglu Selcuk
Publication of WO2018182554A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018182554A2/fr
Publication of WO2018182554A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018182554A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/174—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking characterised by using special control logic, e.g. fuzzy logic, neural computing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the zero-lock braking system that is used in order to ensure a safer and faster stop of all types of wheeled land and air motor vehicles.
  • ABS Anti-Lock Braking System
  • ABS refers to a braking system that prevents the wheels of vehicles from locking up in case of braking suddenly under any load and road conditions and at different speeds.
  • ABS is a system that controls the change of the rotation speed of each wheel by means of a controller.
  • the controller In case of a sudden reduction in the rotation speed (e.g., when braking on a slippery ground) and in case the wheel locks up, the controller automatically reduces the brake pressure. It increases the brake pressure again when the wheel speeds up to brake the wheel. This process repeats many times per second. Even where the right and left sides are on different grounds (e.g., right wheels are on a wet ground, while the left ones on a dry ground), no locking or skidding is observed.
  • ABS braking system is basically used to ensure steerability of a vehicle where wheels lock up while braking and it additionally provides some shortening of the braking distance.
  • ABS braking system improves steerability on gravel roads or grounds with a thick snow layer
  • the braking distance provided is longer than the conventional brakes and its reason is not known.
  • ABS system increases the braking distance on snow covered and gravel roads in comparison with the conventional brake instead of reducing it.
  • the first situation is that wheels lock up completely, namely by 100%.
  • the second one is the partial locking. ABS system steps in when any one of the wheels is subject to partial or complete locking and tries to lock the wheel by 20% by regulating the brake pressure; thus, it operates in the partial locking zone.
  • the third situation is the free wheel rotation; namely, the wheel is not subject to partial or complete locking.
  • TR201211488 describes "A brake mechanism.” Most basically, this refers to a brake mechanism that that is made up of at least one brake chamber where air fills in while braking, at least one ABS valve that transfers the air received from compressor to the brake chamber and that directly connects to the brake chamber without any intermediary air duct, at least one air intake whereby the ABS valve receives air, and an air outlet where air leaves the ABS valve and that is in direct contact with the brake chamber and this mechanism minimizes the braking performance loss by preventing the air leakages that occur in the brake systems of motor vehicles.
  • the patent application with publication number EP 1872027 describes the "Wheel brake.”
  • This invention relates to wheel brake that contains a pressure cylinder that is governed in a brake casing and that affects the brake pad, a brake application means that activates the pressure cylinder, and an integrated regulator that includes a regulator arranged inside the brake casing for the force between the brake application means and the pressure cylinder.
  • the regulator in question has a screw connection with the pressure cylinder.
  • This wheel brake is also equipped with a threaded screw that absorbs or reinstates the following feed path by returning after pursuing a predefined feed and that conveys or transfers this to the regulator member during the return move.
  • a "Mechanical anti-lock system” is described.
  • the patent application with publication number EP1603781 refers to a "Brake system and a wheel slip control.”
  • the patent application with publication number US6371250 describes a "Disc brake system with ABS.”
  • the patent application with publication number US6213564 refers to an "Anti-lock brake system and a brake actuator with piezoelectric.”
  • the patent application with publication number US8239109 describes an "Output shaft speed sensor based anti-lock braking system.”
  • This invention is a zero-lock brake system that can overcome the abovementioned disadvantages and, as for its characteristics, it is a system that provides a shorter braking distance and better steerability on snow-covered and gravel roads.
  • the brake system of this invention immediately reduces the brake pressure in case of a complete or partial locking up while braking and applies the optimum braking pressure that can be applied without giving rise to even a slightest partial locking of wheel. Namely, it applies a braking pressure that operates in the free rotation zone and that maximizes the vehicle's deceleration. Thanks to the invention- subject product, passenger cars, motorbikes, and aircrafts will provide their users with 100% steerability.
  • This invention offers an algorithm where artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic and similar artificial intelligence techniques that can be applied to both hydraulic brake systems and also brake-by- wire systems.
  • the invention has two black boxes and one of them consists of an artificial neural network that is used at the design stage, while the other one consists of fuzzy logic that is used as a calculation tool in the final brake system.
  • Figure 2 Represents a graphical view of friction values vs. locking up ratio in a partial locking zone
  • Figure 3 Represents a view of vehicle deceleration and curve of the pressure applied onto caliper
  • Figure 4 Represents a view of vehicle deceleration and curve of the caliper compression amount
  • Figure 5 Represents a view of artificial neural network black box, which is used in the design, during training.
  • Figure 6 Represents a view of artificial neural network black box, which is used in the design, where the curves given in Figure-3 and Figure-4 are obtained.
  • Figure 7 Represents a graphical view of brake system's operating range.
  • Figure 8 Represents a schematic view of a controller in simple terms.
  • Figure 9 Represents a graphical view of system operation.
  • Figure 10 Represents a view of forces and moments occurring on the vehicle.
  • Figure 11 Represents a schematic view of rolling resistance applied to the wheel by ground
  • Figure 12 Represents a graphical view of delta inputs and outputs of the black box designed with fuzzy logic
  • the invention calculates optimum brake pressure or quantity by means of a black box (10) made up of fuzzy logic that will be applied to both hydraulic brake systems and also to brake-by- wire systems.
  • the invention has a black box (10) that ensures the vehicle's deceleration as a result of the input (caliper compression amount) (8 input) data for locking ratio (O) and pressure values applied onto caliper (b) ( Figure-5).
  • the invention calculates the brake pressure*(l) difference between the point 0.1% and the point Z ( Figure-7). Thanks to this calculation, an average ratio is determined statistically between y and x and this ratio enables the calculation of pressure value Z (caliper compression amount) by subtracting y from the pressure value (caliper compression amount) corresponding the point 0.1% as the first step while braking ( Figure-7).
  • the invention covers the point Z that is the optimum point required for operating the system ( Figure-7).
  • the invention ensures that the obtained "z" pressure value (caliper compression amount) is updated and conveyed to black box (10) by the control system.
  • the "z" value which is continuously increasing and decreasing depending on the road conditions (such as surface friction value) that vary while braking, is continuously calculated and conveyed to the control system.
  • the invention has a black box (10) that has been trained as a result of the tests conducted under different ground conditions.
  • the product that is developed within the scope of this invention has a black box (10) with ⁇ as an output and with Ad, ⁇ , Aa, AV, AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4 as inputs.
  • the invention has an algorithm that calculates the ⁇ value received from the black box (10).
  • the product that is developed within the scope of this invention has the black box (10) inputs of Aa, ⁇ , ⁇ , AFl, AF2 for the motorbike front wheel.
  • the invention has a brake-by-wire system that contains a decline sensor, wheel speed sensor, acceleration sensor, and one torque sensor for each one of both wheels.
  • the product that is developed within the scope of this invention has the black box (10) inputs of Aa, ⁇ , ⁇ , AFl, AF2, AF3, and AF4.
  • the product that is developed within the scope of this invention has the black box (10) inputs of Aa, ⁇ , ⁇ , AFl, AF2, AF3, and AF4 for the passenger car front wheel.
  • the product that is developed within the scope of this invention has the black box (10) inputs of Aa, ⁇ , AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4, AF5, and AF6 for each wheel should the aircraft has 2 front, 2 right, and 2 left landing gears.
  • a wheel speed sensor, acceleration sensor, one torque sensor for each wheel, and brake fluid pressure sensor are used.
  • This invention has black boxes (10) in a number that is equal to the number of wheels.
  • ZLBS brake system is applicable to both hydraulic brake systems and also to brake-by-wire systems.
  • ZLBS is an algorithm.
  • Figure 3 refers to hydraulic brake systems, while Figure 4 to brake-by-wire systems.
  • the purpose of drawing these graphics is to calculate the approximate difference between the two optimum points in pressure for hydraulic systems and caliper compression amount for brake-by-wire systems.
  • Caliper compression amount (cca) can be the brake caliper's movement in micron or the caliper servo motor's round information depending on the manufacturer's preference.
  • O refers to the locking ratio
  • b refers to the pressure applied onto caliper (caliper compression amount in case of brake-by-systems);
  • Figure 7 indicates an ABS operating range between 8% and 30%.
  • 0.1% point is the commencement point for partial locking, while point Z refers to an optimum where ZLBS is supposed to step in.
  • the pressure of caliper (caliper compression amount) is measured at the moments of 20% locking and 0.1% locking.
  • the pressure (caliper compression amount) difference between the two points is x.
  • the brake pressure*(l) difference between the point 0.1% and the point Z; namely, a statistical average proportion between y and x is determined.
  • the increase and increment and decrement of the value z is calculated by means of a fuzzy inference system to be created ( Figure 12).
  • This process repeats at very short time intervals while braking and the values z so calculated is conveyed to the control system for being applied.
  • the step two continuously repeats; however, it may be necessary to apply the step one once in a second as the accuracy will decrease with each repetition.
  • braking pressure is increase until the wheel enters the partial locking zone. The wheel pressure is reduced at the moment when 0.1% locking of the wheel occurs and it is returned to the free rotation zone. Meanwhile, the braking pressure that corresponds to 0.1% locking is noted and the step one is applied. Thereafter, the repeating of step two recommences.
  • Figure 10 shows the forces that act on the vehicle while braking.
  • Figure 11 indicates the forces ad moments that occur on the wheel.
  • T ⁇ Net torque that occurs on wheel [Nm]
  • I ⁇ a Fnet Net force that occurs on wheel [N]
  • Fv refers to aerodynamic friction force
  • ATM S(A0, AV, Aa, AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4)
  • Az g (ATbl, Ad)
  • Az h (Ad, ⁇ , AV, Aa, AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4)
  • a black box (10) will be created via fuzzy inference system to represent the function "h” and this black box (10) will be trained by conducting tests under different ground conditions by means of a test vehicle.
  • the output of this black box is Az, while its inputs are Ad, ⁇ , Aa, AV, AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4.
  • the delta values that are measured while braking will be entered the black box (10) and the black box (10) will be trained by measuring Az values.
  • the step 2 of the algorithm will be applied by calculating the Az value that is obtained by entering inputs in the black box (10) and the new z value will be delivered to the brake system' s control system.
  • the black box so trained is tailor-made for that wheel and can be used only for that wheel. It s necessary to mount torque sensor onto the four wheels in order to measure AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4 values of the brake system.
  • torque sensor that measures rolling resistance must be used.
  • the black box (10) does not contain speed details as an input for the calculation of the bake pressure*(l) of the wheels that have no function for traction.
  • the black box (10) inputs used vary depending on the fact that if the wheel has a function for traction and on the number of vehicle's wheels.
  • the black box (10) inputs for a motorbike's front wheel are Aa, ⁇ , ⁇ , AFl, AF2 and the sensors used will be a decline sensor, wheel speed sensor, decline sensor, and one torque sensor for each of the two wheels where the system is brake -by-wire.
  • Brake fluid pressure sensor will be included among these sensors where the system is hydraulic.
  • the black box (10) inputs for one of the wheels will be Aa, Av , AFl, AF2, AF3, AF4, AF5, and AF6 and there is no need for a speed sensor or a decline sensor yet the runway is not inclined.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de freinage à blocage nul qui est utilisé pour assurer l'arrêt plus sûr et plus rapide de véhicules à moteur, et qui se caractérise en ce qu'il calcule la pression ou la quantité de freinage optimale au moyen d'une boîte noire (10) constituée d'une logique floue, qui sera appliquée à la fois aux systèmes de freinage hydraulique et aux systèmes de freinage par câble.
PCT/TR2017/050479 2016-10-05 2017-10-04 Système de freinage à blocage nul WO2018182554A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2016/13964A TR201613964A2 (tr) 2016-10-05 2016-10-05 Sifir ki̇li̇tlenme fren si̇stemi̇
TR2016/13964 2016-10-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018182554A2 true WO2018182554A2 (fr) 2018-10-04
WO2018182554A3 WO2018182554A3 (fr) 2018-12-13

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TR (1) TR201613964A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018182554A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3088274A1 (fr) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-15 Foundation Brakes France Procede de fabrication d'un systeme de freinage d'un vehicule ayant recours a de la logique floue

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5730256A (en) 1995-03-20 1998-03-24 Namngani; Abdulatif Mechanical anti-lock braking system
US6213564B1 (en) 1997-04-15 2001-04-10 Face International Corp Anti-lock brake system with piezoelectric brake actuator
US6371250B1 (en) 1996-12-12 2002-04-16 Delphi Technology, Inc. Disc brake system with ABS
EP1603781A2 (fr) 2003-02-28 2005-12-14 Kelsey-Hayes Company Systeme de freinage antiblocage presentant un dispositif antibloqueur continu
EP1872027A1 (fr) 2005-04-20 2008-01-02 BPW Bergische Achsen KG Frein sur roue
US8239109B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2012-08-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Output shaft speed sensor based anti-lock braking system

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JP2681930B2 (ja) * 1987-06-27 1997-11-26 株式会社デンソー サーボ制御装置
JP2855987B2 (ja) * 1992-08-26 1999-02-10 三菱自動車工業株式会社 アンチスキッドブレーキング方法
FR2696398B1 (fr) * 1992-10-06 1994-11-04 Thomson Csf Procédé, dispositif de freinage et véhicule équipé.
US5539642A (en) * 1993-05-21 1996-07-23 The Boeing Company Fuzzy logic autobrake system for aircraft
DE4405379A1 (de) * 1994-02-19 1995-08-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fahrdynamikregelsystem
EP0985586B1 (fr) * 1998-09-07 2009-02-25 Pacifica Group Technologies Pty Ltd Système d'antiblocage pour un système de freinage électromécanique de véhicule basé sur un régulateur de logique floue
DE102008045970A1 (de) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung und Durchführung eines Anfahrvorgangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs
CN102862559B (zh) * 2012-10-16 2015-04-08 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种基于can总线的线控abs制动系统、控制方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5730256A (en) 1995-03-20 1998-03-24 Namngani; Abdulatif Mechanical anti-lock braking system
US6371250B1 (en) 1996-12-12 2002-04-16 Delphi Technology, Inc. Disc brake system with ABS
US6213564B1 (en) 1997-04-15 2001-04-10 Face International Corp Anti-lock brake system with piezoelectric brake actuator
EP1603781A2 (fr) 2003-02-28 2005-12-14 Kelsey-Hayes Company Systeme de freinage antiblocage presentant un dispositif antibloqueur continu
EP1872027A1 (fr) 2005-04-20 2008-01-02 BPW Bergische Achsen KG Frein sur roue
US8239109B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2012-08-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Output shaft speed sensor based anti-lock braking system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3088274A1 (fr) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-15 Foundation Brakes France Procede de fabrication d'un systeme de freinage d'un vehicule ayant recours a de la logique floue
WO2020099767A1 (fr) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-22 Foundation Brakes France Procede de fabrication d'un système de freinage d'un vehicule ayant recours a de la logique floue
EP4339043A1 (fr) * 2018-11-12 2024-03-20 Hitachi Astemo France Procede de fabrication d'un système de freinage d'un vehicule ayant recours a de la logique floue

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2018182554A3 (fr) 2018-12-13
TR201613964A2 (tr) 2016-11-21

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