WO2018171129A1 - 车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法 - Google Patents

车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018171129A1
WO2018171129A1 PCT/CN2017/101482 CN2017101482W WO2018171129A1 WO 2018171129 A1 WO2018171129 A1 WO 2018171129A1 CN 2017101482 W CN2017101482 W CN 2017101482W WO 2018171129 A1 WO2018171129 A1 WO 2018171129A1
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Prior art keywords
substrate
solar chip
solar
integrated device
trench
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2017/101482
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
明巧红
高卫民
徐康聪
萧寒松
严艇
郭光喜
俞翔
周伟
Original Assignee
东汉新能源汽车技术有限公司
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Application filed by 东汉新能源汽车技术有限公司 filed Critical 东汉新能源汽车技术有限公司
Priority to EP17897226.1A priority Critical patent/EP3422420A4/en
Priority to SG11201807237YA priority patent/SG11201807237YA/en
Priority to RU2018134153A priority patent/RU2018134153A/ru
Priority to AU2017398662A priority patent/AU2017398662A1/en
Priority to BR112018071446A priority patent/BR112018071446A2/pt
Priority to MX2018014976A priority patent/MX2018014976A/es
Priority to JP2018538191A priority patent/JP2019513338A/ja
Priority to KR1020187020624A priority patent/KR20180116240A/ko
Priority to US16/083,495 priority patent/US20190363205A1/en
Publication of WO2018171129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018171129A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0203—Containers; Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation of photodiodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K16/00—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60L8/003—Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
    • H01L31/0443—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes comprising bypass diodes integrated or directly associated with the devices, e.g. bypass diodes integrated or formed in or on the same substrate as the photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K16/00—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60K2016/003—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind solar power driven
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar cell technology, in particular to a roof solar chip integrated device, a solar car and a chip packaging method.
  • Solar chips are an important part of solar cars that convert light energy into electrical energy to power the car.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a roof solar chip integrated device, a solar car and a chip packaging method to solve the problems in the prior art, improve the light amount of the solar chip, simplify the process, and improve the electrical arrangement precision.
  • the invention provides a roof solar chip integrated device, which comprises:
  • the substrate is provided with a through hole, a front surface of the substrate is provided with a first trench, and a back surface of the substrate is provided with a second trench;
  • a plurality of conductive strips disposed in the first trench, and a first end of each of the conductive strips is connected to the solar chip, and a second end is drawn from the through hole to a back surface of the substrate;
  • a bypass diode and an anti-reverse diode are disposed in the second trench and connected to the second end of the conductive strip.
  • the inner wall of the through hole is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the solar chip is a thin film battery attached to a front surface of the substrate.
  • the substrate is formed by coating the honeycomb fibers with the upper and lower layers of glass fibers.
  • the protective layer is a glass fiber with an epoxy resin protective layer.
  • the protective layer is provided with a masking varnish, and the masking varnish is disposed opposite to the through hole.
  • the invention also provides a solar automobile, which comprises the roof solar chip integrated device provided by the invention, and the plurality of substrates are spliced to be the roof of the solar automobile.
  • the invention further provides a method for packaging a solar chip, comprising the following steps:
  • Step S100 opening a first trench on the front surface of the substrate, opening a second trench on the back surface of the substrate, and forming a through hole in the substrate;
  • Step S200 disposing a conductive strip in the first trench, and arranging a bypass diode and a anti-reverse diode in the second trench;
  • Step S300 fixing a solar chip on the substrate, connecting the first end of the conductive strip to the solar chip, and the second end is led out from the through hole to the back surface of the substrate;
  • Step S400 laying a protective layer on the solar chip
  • Step S500 providing a masking paint on the protective layer.
  • the step S100 further includes: step S110, performing an insulation treatment on the through holes.
  • step S500 it is preferable to further include:
  • Step S600 vacuuming the gap between the solar chip and the protective layer.
  • the roof solar chip integrated device, the solar automobile and the chip packaging method provided by the invention solve the prior art electric circuit by arranging the bypass diode, the anti-reverse diode and the conductive tape by forming grooves and through holes on the substrate.
  • the problem of poor wiring control improves the amount of light entering the solar chip, simplifies the process, and improves the electrical layout accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a roof solar chip integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state of a lead of a bypass diode on a second trench
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a solar chip
  • FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of a roof solar chip integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of another roof solar chip integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a roof solar chip integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a roof solar chip integrated device, including a substrate 1, a solar chip 2, a plurality of conductive strips 3, and a bypass. Diode 4 and anti-reverse diode.
  • a plurality of substrates 1 are spliced to each other and used as a roof of a solar automobile.
  • a through hole 11 is defined in the substrate 1, a first groove is disposed on the front surface of the substrate 1, and a second groove is disposed on the back surface of the substrate 1. groove.
  • the solar chip 2 is fixed on the front surface of the substrate, a plurality of conductive strips 3 are disposed in the first trench, and the first end of each conductive strip 3 is connected to the solar chip 2, and the second end is led out from the through hole 11 to the substrate 1.
  • the back side of the bypass diode 4 and the anti-reverse diode are both disposed in the second trench and connected to the second end of the conductive strip 3.
  • 2 is a schematic view showing the state of the lead of the bypass diode on the second trench. Referring to FIG. 2, the conductive strip 3 is taken out from the through hole 11 and connected to the bypass diode 4.
  • the first groove and the second groove can be accurately positioned and grooved using precision equipment, thereby facilitating the positioning of the relevant components on the roof.
  • the conductive strip, the bypass diode and the anti-reverse diode all extend through the through hole to the back surface of the substrate, thereby facilitating the connection of the wire harness and ensuring the flatness of the surface of the solar chip package.
  • an insulating layer is provided on the inner wall of the through hole.
  • the solar chip 2 is a thin film battery and is attached to the front surface of the substrate 1.
  • 3 is a schematic structural view of a solar chip. As shown in FIG. 3, a solar cell is provided with a positive electrode 7 and a negative electrode 8, and a connection terminal 9 for connecting with a bypass diode 4 (or an anti-reverse diode), and a bypass diode 4 The (or anti-reverse diode) is connected to the positive electrode 7 and the negative electrode 8 of the solar chip 2 via the conductive strip 3, and is collected and taken out from the back surface of the substrate 1 to be connected to the MPPT.
  • a bypass diode 4 or an anti-reverse diode
  • the substrate 1 can be formed by coating the honeycomb fibers with the upper and lower layers of glass fibers, which ensures the strength and the light weight, which is beneficial to the lightweight design of the vehicle body.
  • front side of the substrate referred to in this embodiment refers to the side facing the sunlight
  • back side refers to the side facing away from the sunlight
  • the protective layer 5 is provided on the solar chip 2 to protect the solar chip 2.
  • the protective layer 5 is preferably a glass fiber with an epoxy resin protective layer, and may be other materials as long as it can protect the solar chip 2 and does not affect the light transmittance.
  • a masking paint 6 is also disposed on the protective layer 5 , and the masking paint 6 is disposed opposite to the through hole 11 .
  • the substrates 1 are spliced to each other, the substrate and the substrate remain. There is a gap, and the gap is covered by providing the masking paint 6.
  • the color of the masking paint 6 can be matched according to the color of the solar chip.
  • each solar chip 2 is controlled by an independent bypass diode 4, four suns.
  • the chip 2 can be connected in series to form a set of arrays, and an anti-reverse diode 10 is connected to both ends of the array.
  • the bypass diode 4 acts as a bypass, allowing the current generated by other solar chips to flow out of the bypass diode and input into the MPPT 12, so that the solar power generation system continues to generate electricity, and will not Because of the problem of a certain solar chip, the power generation circuit is unreasonable.
  • One of the functions of the anti-reverse diode is to prevent the current of the battery from being reversed to the solar chip or array when the solar chip or array is not generating electricity, which not only consumes energy, but also causes the solar chip or array to generate heat or even damage;
  • the second effect is to prevent current reversal between the branches of the array in the array. This is because the output voltages of the series branches cannot be absolutely equal, and the voltage of each branch always has a difference between high and low, or a branch fault, shadow shading, etc., which lowers the output voltage of the branch, and the current of the high voltage branch. It will flow to the low voltage branch and even reduce the overall output voltage of the array. This phenomenon is avoided by connecting anti-reverse diodes in series in each branch.
  • FIG. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of another roof solar chip integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each solar chip 2 is controlled by an independent bypass diode 4, and four solar chips are connected in series.
  • MPPT 12 has four sets of inputs. The topmost set of inputs is connected to multiple arrays.
  • Each array is formed by four solar chips 2 connected in series. The two ends of the array are connected with one anti-reverse diode 10; the other three groups In the array to which the input terminals are connected, each array is formed by three solar chips 2 connected in series, and an anti-reverse diode 10 is connected to both ends of the array.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a solar vehicle, comprising the roof solar chip integrated device provided by any embodiment of the invention, wherein the plurality of substrates are spliced and used as the roof of the solar vehicle.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a method for packaging a solar chip, which comprises the following steps:
  • step S100 a first trench is opened on the front surface of the substrate, a second trench is formed on the back surface of the substrate, and a through hole is formed in the substrate.
  • this step further comprising:
  • step S110 the through hole is insulated.
  • Step S200 disposing a conductive strip in the first trench, and arranging a bypass diode and a anti-reverse diode in the second trench.
  • Step S300 fixing the solar chip on the substrate, connecting the first end of the conductive strip to the solar chip, and the second end is led out from the through hole to the back surface of the substrate.
  • Step S400 laying a protective layer on the solar chip, so that the packaging surface of the solar chip is waterproof, scratch-resistant, chemically resistant, and easy to clean.
  • Step S500 providing a masking paint on the protective layer.
  • the encapsulation method further includes:
  • Step S600 vacuuming the gap between the solar chip and the protective layer, thereby ensuring no gap between the packaging material and the solar chip, high transmittance of the packaging material, high packaging efficiency, and good sealing effect.
  • the roof solar chip integrated device, the solar automobile and the chip packaging method provided by the embodiments of the invention have the following advantages:
  • the substrate After the substrate is spliced, it directly serves as the roof structure, which is beneficial to the lightweight design of the vehicle body. Further, the substrate adopts a package base composed of glass fiber, honeycomb fiber and fiber laminate, which has good strength and light weight. For the lightweight design of the body;
  • the surface of the solar chip has almost no uneven force on the surface of the packaging process. After the package is completed, the surface of the chip is not pressed by external force, and the solar chip is not easily damaged;
  • the surface of the package is waterproof, scratch-resistant, chemically resistant and easy to clean.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法，该集成装置包括：基板（1），其上开设有贯通孔（11），正面设置有第一沟槽，背面设置有第二沟槽；太阳能芯片（2），固定在基板（1）的正面；多根导电带（3），设置在第一沟槽中，且每根导电带（3）的第一端与太阳能芯片（2）相连，第二端从贯通孔（11）中引出至所述基板（1）的背面；旁路二极管（4）和防反二极管，设置在所述第二沟槽中，且与所述导电带（3）的第二端相连。提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法通过在基板上开设沟槽和贯通孔来对旁路二极管、防反二极管和导电带进行布置，解决了现有技术中电气布线控制不精的问题，提高了太阳能芯片的进光量，简化了工艺，提高了电气布置精度。

Description

车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池技术，尤其涉及一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法。
背景技术
太阳能芯片是太阳能汽车的重要组成部分，用于将光能转换为电能，从而为汽车提供动力。
为了保护太阳能芯片不受毁损，现有技术中的太阳能芯片都会经过封装处理，目前大多太阳能芯片封装处理是采用压合的方式在太阳能芯片上铺盖保护材料，如玻璃、亚克力、PC或塑料膜等，这些封装方式具有如下缺陷：
1、集成太阳芯片系统后车顶重量增加不少，不利于车辆轻量化设计；
2、太阳能芯片的电气系统集成操作、施工难度大；
3、太阳能芯片集成相关二极管、导电带、电气线束布置位置精度难控制、难施工；
4、封装材料本身的透光率限制，导致太阳能芯片封装效率降低；
5、这些封装材料与芯片间存在间隙，导致水汽、空气、热膨胀等外界因素影响芯片封装效果，对封装工艺的密封性要求极高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法，以解决现有技术中的问题，提高太阳能芯片的进光量，简化工艺，提高电气布置精度。
本发明提供了一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，包括：
基板，所述基板上开设有贯通孔，所述基板的正面设置有第一沟槽，所述基板的背面设置有第二沟槽；
太阳能芯片，固定在所述基板的正面；
多根导电带，设置在所述第一沟槽中，且每根导电带的第一端与所述太阳能芯片相连，第二端从所述贯通孔中引出至所述基板的背面；
旁路二极管和防反二极管，均设置在所述第二沟槽中，且与所述导电带的第二端相连。
如上所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，优选的是，所述贯通孔的内壁设置有绝缘层。
如上所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，优选的是，所述太阳能芯片为薄膜电池，粘贴在所述基板的正面。
如上所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，优选的是，所述基板由上下两层玻璃纤维中间包覆蜂窝状纤维形成。
如上所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，优选的是，所述太阳能芯片上设置有保护层。
如上所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，优选的是，所述保护层为玻璃纤维带环氧树脂保护层。
如上所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其中，优选的是，所述保护层上设置有掩盖漆，所述掩盖漆正对所述贯通孔设置。
本发明还提供了一种太阳能汽车，其中，包括本发明提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，多个基板拼接后作为太阳能汽车的车顶。
本发明又提供了一种太阳能芯片的封装方法，其中，包括如下步骤：
步骤S100、在基板的正面开设第一沟槽，在基板的背面开设第二沟槽，并在基板上开设贯通孔；
步骤S200、在第一沟槽中布置导电带，在第二沟槽中布置旁路二极管和防反二极管；
步骤S300、在基板上固定太阳能芯片，使导电带的第一端与太阳能芯片相连，第二端从贯通孔中引出至基板的背面；
步骤S400、在太阳能芯片上铺设保护层；
步骤S500、在保护层上设置掩盖漆。
如上所述的封装方法，其中，优选的是，步骤S100中还包括：步骤S110、对贯通孔作绝缘处理。
如上所述的封装方法，其中，优选的是，步骤S500之后，还包括：
步骤S600、对太阳能芯片与保护层之间的间隙作抽真空处理。
本发明提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法通过在基板上开设沟槽和贯通孔来对旁路二极管、防反二极管和导电带进行布置，解决了现有技术中电气布线控制不精的问题，提高了太阳能芯片的进光量，简化了工艺，提高了电气布置精度。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置的主剖视图；
图2为旁路二极管在第二沟槽上的引线状态示意图；
图3为太阳能芯片的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置的电气原理图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置的电气原理图。
附图标记说明：
1-基板 11-贯通孔 2-太阳能芯片 3-导电带 4-旁路二极管 5-保护层 6-掩盖漆 7-正极 8-负极 9-连接端 10-防反二极管 12-MPPT
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
图1为本发明实施例提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置的主剖视图，本发明实施例提供了一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，包括基板1、太阳能芯片2、多根导电带3和旁路二极管4和防反二极管。
其中，多个基板1相互拼接后作为太阳能汽车的车顶。基板1上开设有贯通孔11，基板1的正面设置有第一沟槽，基板1的背面设置有第二沟 槽。太阳能芯片2固定在基板的正面，多根导电带3设置在第一沟槽中，且每根导电带3的第一端与太阳能芯片2相连，第二端从贯通孔11中引出至基板1的背面，旁路二极管4和防反二极管均设置在第二沟槽中，且与导电带3的第二端相连。图2为旁路二极管在第二沟槽上的引线状态示意图，参照图2所示，导电带3从贯通孔11中引出，与旁路二极管4相连。
第一沟槽和第二沟槽可以使用精密设备精准定位打槽，从而有利于相关部件在车顶的布置定位。导电带、旁路二极管和防反二极管均通过贯通孔延伸到基板的背面，从而利于线束的连接，也保证了太阳能芯片封装表面的平整度。为了保证贯通孔与导电线之间的绝缘，优选的是，在贯通孔的内壁设置有绝缘层。
优选的是，太阳能芯片2为薄膜电池，粘贴在基板1的正面。图3为太阳能芯片的结构示意图，如图3所示，太阳能芯片上设置有正极7和负极8，以及用于与旁路二极管4(或防反二极管)相连的连接端9，旁路二极管4(或防反二极管)通过导电带3与太阳能芯片2的正极7和负极8分别相连，并汇集后从基板1的背面引出，与MPPT相连。
基板1可以由上下两层玻璃纤维中间包覆蜂窝状纤维形成，在保证强度的同时，又有较轻的重量，有利于车身的轻量化设计。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，本实施例中涉及的基板的“正面”指的是朝向太阳光的一面，“背面”指的是背离太阳光的一面。
优选的是，在太阳能芯片2上设置有保护层5，从而对太阳能芯片2起到保护的作用。该保护层5优选的是玻璃纤维带环氧树脂保护层，也可以是其他材质，只要能对太阳能芯片2起到保护的作用，并且不影响透光性即可。
如图1所示，在上述保护层5上还优选地设置有掩盖漆6，该掩盖漆6正对所述贯通孔11设置，当基板1之间相互拼接后，基板与基板之间会留有间隙，通过设置该掩盖漆6来将该间隙掩盖。掩盖漆6的颜色可以根据太阳能芯片的颜色来进行匹配。
图4为本发明实施例提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置的电气原理图，如图4所示，每个太阳能芯片2均由独立的旁路二极管4控制，四个太阳 能芯片2串联形成一组阵列，该阵列的两端连接一个防反二极管10。当单个太阳能芯片出现热斑效应不能发电时，旁路二极管4起旁路作用，让其它太阳能芯片所产生的电流从旁路二极管流出，输入到MPPT 12中，使太阳能发电系统继续发电，不会因为某一片太阳能芯片出现问题而产生发电电路不通的情况。
防反二极管的作用之一是防止太阳能芯片或阵列在不发电时，蓄电池的电流反过来向太阳能芯片或阵列倒送，不仅消耗能量，而且会使太阳能芯片或阵列发热甚至损坏；防反二极管的作用之二是在阵列中，防止阵列各支路之间的电流倒送。这是因为串联各支路的输出电压不可能绝对相等，各支路电压总有高低之差，或者某一支路故障、阴影遮蔽等使该支路的输出电压降低，高电压支路的电流就会流向低电压支路，甚至会使阵列总体输出电压降低。在各支路中串联接入防反二极管就避免了这一现象的发生。
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置的电气原理图，如图5所示，每个太阳能芯片2均由独立的旁路二极管4控制，四个太阳能芯片串联形成一组阵列，该阵列的两端连接一个防反二极管10。MPPT 12共有四组输入端，最顶端的一组输入端所连接的是多个阵列，每个阵列由四个太阳能芯片2串联形成，该阵列的两端连接一个防反二极管10；其余三组输入端所连接的阵列中，每个阵列由三个太阳能芯片2串联而成，该阵列的两端连接一个防反二级管10。
本发明实施例还提供了一种太阳能汽车，包括本发明任意实施例提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，多个基板拼接后作为太阳能汽车的车顶。
本发明实施例又提供了一种太阳能芯片的封装方法，其中包括如下步骤：
步骤S100、在基板的正面开设第一沟槽，在基板的背面开设第二沟槽，并在基板上开设贯通孔。
在该步骤中优选地还包括：
步骤S110、对贯通孔作绝缘处理。
步骤S200、在第一沟槽中布置导电带，在第二沟槽中布置旁路二极管和防反二极管。
步骤S300、在基板上固定太阳能芯片，使导电带的第一端与太阳能芯片相连，第二端从贯通孔中引出至基板的背面。
步骤S400、在太阳能芯片上铺设保护层，从而使太阳能芯片的封装表面防水、防刮擦、耐化学腐蚀且易清洗。
步骤S500、在保护层上设置掩盖漆。
在步骤S500之后，该封装方法还包括：
步骤S600、对太阳能芯片与保护层之间的间隙作抽真空处理，从而保证了封装材料与太阳能芯片间无间隙、封装材料透光率高，封装效率高且密封效果良好。
本发明实施例提供的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片封装方法具有以下优点：
1、基板拼接后直接作为车顶结构，利于车身轻量化设计；进一步地，基板采用由玻璃纤维，蜂窝状纤维，纤维层叠构成的封装基底，既有很好的强度，又有很轻的重量，利于车身轻量化设计；
2、独立车顶，方便操作施工。具体地，所有太阳能芯片的封装在线下完成之后，再安装于车身上，利于精密定位、打孔设备精确定位操作，可实现批量化流水线作业；
3、线下安装布置旁路二极管、线束，易于操作、易于实现规范化作业；
4、封装过程太阳能芯片表面几乎无受力不均，封装完成后芯片表面不受外力压制，太阳能芯片不易损坏；
5、封装材料与太阳能芯片间无间隙、封装材料透光率高，封装效率高且密封效果良好；
6、封装表面防水、防擦刮、耐化学腐蚀、易清洗。
以上依据图式所示的实施例详细说明了本发明的构造、特征及作用效果，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，但本发明不以图面所示限定实施范围，凡是依照本发明的构想所作的改变，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例，仍未超出说明书与图示所涵盖的精神时，均应在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，包括：
    基板，所述基板上开设有贯通孔，所述基板的正面设置有第一沟槽，所述基板的背面设置有第二沟槽；
    太阳能芯片，固定在所述基板的正面；
    多根导电带，设置在所述第一沟槽中，且每根导电带的第一端与所述太阳能芯片相连，第二端从所述贯通孔中引出至所述基板的背面；
    旁路二极管和防反二极管，均设置在所述第二沟槽中，且与所述导电带的第二端相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，所述贯通孔的内壁设置有绝缘层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，所述太阳能芯片为薄膜电池，粘贴在所述基板的正面。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，所述基板由上下两层玻璃纤维中间包覆蜂窝状纤维形成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，所述太阳能芯片上设置有保护层。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，所述保护层为玻璃纤维带环氧树脂保护层。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，其特征在于，所述保护层上设置有掩盖漆，所述掩盖漆正对所述贯通孔设置。
  8. 一种太阳能汽车，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的车顶太阳能芯片集成装置，多个基板拼接后作为太阳能汽车的车顶。
  9. 一种太阳能芯片的封装方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    步骤S100、在基板的正面开设第一沟槽，在基板的背面开设第二沟槽，并在基板上开设贯通孔；
    步骤S200、在第一沟槽中布置导电带，在第二沟槽中布置旁路二极管和防反二极管；
    步骤S300、在基板上固定太阳能芯片，使导电带的第一端与太阳能芯片相连，第二端从贯通孔中引出至基板的背面；
    步骤S400、在太阳能芯片上铺设保护层；
    步骤S500、在保护层上设置掩盖漆。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的封装方法，其特征在于，步骤S100中还包括：步骤S110、对贯通孔作绝缘处理。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的封装方法，其特征在于，步骤S500之后，还包括：
    步骤S600、对太阳能芯片与保护层之间的间隙作抽真空处理。
PCT/CN2017/101482 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 车顶太阳能芯片集成装置、太阳能汽车及芯片的封装方法 WO2018171129A1 (zh)

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RU2018134153A RU2018134153A (ru) 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 Монтируемое на крышу устройство интеграции солнечного модуля, транспортное средство на солнечной энергии и способ инкапсуляции для модулей
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BR112018071446A BR112018071446A2 (pt) 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 dispositivo de integração de módulos solares de montagem no telhado, veículo movido a energia solar e método de encapsulamento para módulos.
MX2018014976A MX2018014976A (es) 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 Dispositivo de integracion de modulos solares sobre un techo, vehiculo impulsado por energia solar y metodo para modulos.
JP2018538191A JP2019513338A (ja) 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 車両ルーフソーラーチップの集積装置、ソーラーカー及びチップのパッケージング方法
KR1020187020624A KR20180116240A (ko) 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 자동차 천정 태양 에너지 칩 집적장치, 태양 에너지 자동차 및 칩 패키지 하는 방법
US16/083,495 US20190363205A1 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-09-13 Roof-mounted Solar Modules Integration Device, Solar Power Vehicle and Encapsulation Method for Modules

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