Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C29/68—Preparation of metal alcoholates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
  • C07C69/587—Monocarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
  • C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
  • C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
  • C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
  • C07F9/113—Esters of phosphoric acids with unsaturated acyclic alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
  • C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
  • C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
  • C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/09—Geometrical isomers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a mixture of isomers of 7,9-dodecadienyl-1-acetate, whose isomer 7E, 9Z is the sexual pheromone of the grape eudemis, or Lobesia Botrana, a lepidopteran pest of the vine.
• This composition is characterized in that its isomeric purity is greater than or equal to 98% in the isomer (7E, 9Z) and that it contains at least 0.1% of at least one of the isomers (7Z, 9E) and (7Z , 9Z), and less than 1% of the isomer (7E, 9E).
• This extremely rich composition of the pheromone of eudemis is obtained according to a new process in 2 stages with a yield of at least 55%.
• sex pheromones to modify the behavior of insects has advantages since these pheromones are specific to each species of pest and are effective, at very low doses, in various types of strategy (trapping, sexual confusion for example).
• the principle of using pheromones to control insects such as the eudemis of the vine consists in particular in drowning the signal emitted by the females of the species in a cloud of pheromone diffused in the vines by means for example a large number of diffusers (see for example BASF RAK systems or Isonet from Shin-Etsu Chemical).
• a large number of diffusers see for example BASF RAK systems or Isonet from Shin-Etsu Chemical.
• What guarantees the effectiveness of these broadcasters is the dose of the active isomer per hectare.
• these diffusers are loaded with isomeric mixtures containing only about 75% by weight of the active isomer. This induces an unnecessary expense and makes it necessary to salve in the fields a useless quantity of chemical product. In these perspectives, it is therefore important to be able to prepare mixtures of isomers as concentrated as possible in good isomer.
• the main component of the sexual pheromone of grape eudemis is (E, Z) -7,9-dodecadienyl-1-acetate. This molecule carries 2 double bonds and thus has 4 possible geometric isomers recalled in the following table:
• the isomer (E, E) is the most stable isomer and is the main inactive impurity of all known syntheses.
• the WO2016001383 patent application describes a new way of two-step synthesis of diene compounds of the general formula ⁇ ⁇ jJJ3 ⁇ 4 jJJ'i R ⁇ using a dialkyl-type intermediate of or diaryl -hexa-1, 3-dien-1-yl phosphate of general formula 2
• R 1 and R '1 independently denote an alkyl group or an aryl group.
• An object of the present invention is a synthetic process which makes it possible, in a simple manner, to first produce a M1 mixture of isomers of compound 2 free of the (E, E) isomer. Then, in a second step, a composition M2 of the isomers of 7,9-dodecadienyl-1-acetate having a very high content of isomer (E, Z) and very low levels of the other isomers can be obtained. Typically, M2 has an isomeric purity greater than or equal to 98% in the (E, Z) isomer and contains at least 0.1% of the (Z, E) and (Z, Z) isomers and less than 1% of the isomer (E, E).
• a first class brings together the synthetic routes that focus mainly on obtaining a high stereoselectivity (greater than 95%).
• pheromone (E, Z) -7,9 dodecadienyl-1-acetate is obtained after a large number of steps, one of which leads to a final intermediate (E, Z) almost pure in order to achieve the highest purity Isomeric possible and whose secondary isomer is the (E, E) isomer.
• the secondary isomers (Z, Z) and (Z, E) are absent.
• (E, Z) -7,9-dodecadienyl-1-acetate is obtained with a proportion of 92% and the (E, E) -7,9-dodecadienyl-1-acetate isomer with a content of 8% (vapor phase chromatographic analysis).
• the isomeric purity is not the purpose and the percentage of isomeric purity is generally quite low.
• the stereoisomeric selectivity is very high, around 96.5% to the isomer (E, Z) -7,9 dodecadienyl-1-acetate.
• the authors show that the double bond at the 7-position can only be trans which implies that only a mixture of isomers (E, Z) and (E, E) can be obtained by this synthetic route.
• the shortest synthetic route is thus that described in WO2016001383 and the Applicant has discovered a way to render the synthetic methods of 7,9-dodecadienyl acetate, in particular the process described in WO2016001383, selective to the point of leading to an original mixture M2 of the isomers of 7,9-dodecadienyl acetate, characterized in that its isomeric purity is greater than or equal to 98% in the isomer (E, Z) and that M2 contains at least 0.1% of the isomers (Z, E ) and (Z, Z) and less than 1% of the (E, E) isomer.
• the novel process of the present invention comprises reacting an enolphosphate of formula I with a hydrolyzable dienophile and surprisingly finding that only the (E, E) -isomer reacts to give an adduct which, after basic hydrolysis, becomes soluble in water and can be very easily removed.
• This purification of the key intermediate makes it possible to react this intermediate while maintaining the ratio of the isomers.
• hydrophilic dienophile means a dienophile (a concept known to those skilled in the art), such as the product of the Diels Aider reaction which can easily be converted into a salt that is soluble in water, for example at pH> 8.
• a dienophile is a molecule, in the sense of the Diels help reaction, which has a double bond substituted with groups depleting said electron double bond by inductive or mesomeric effect.
• the Diels-Alder reaction is a chemical reaction used in organic chemistry, in which an alkene (dienophile) adds to a conjugated diene to form a cyclohexene derivative.
• an alkene dienophile
• the 4 ⁇ electrons of the diene react with the double bond of the alkene containing 2 electrons ⁇ .
• this reaction is called cycloaddition.
• the rule of help makes it possible to specify the conditions which facilitate the realization of these cycloadditions: the reaction is carried out more easily between a diene rich in electrons and a dienophile poor in electrons.
• a "good" diene is substituted by atoms or groups of electron donating atoms
• a "good” dienophile by atoms or groups of electron acceptors (acceptors).
• the dienophyl When said groups depleting said double electron bond by inductive or mesomeric effect also have the possibility of being converted into water-soluble salts by the action of water under basic conditions, the dienophyl will be called hydrophilic dienophyl.
• hydrolysable dienophiles that may be mentioned are maleic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and their hydrolysable derivatives such as their esters or anhydrides.
• esters mention may be made of methyl, n-propyl or n-butyl ethyl acrylates or methacrylates, and the esters of maleates such as dimethyl maleate or diethyl maleate.
• Another advantage of this new process is that the isomeric ratio obtained at the end of the reaction of the enolphosphate with the hydrolysable dienophile is retained when a subsequent step is implemented.
• the enolphosphate contained 20 to 25% of the undesirable (E, E) isomer which consumed part of the Grignard reagent in pure loss.
• the second step is therefore 20 to 25% more productive.
• the first object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of an M1 mixture of enolphosphate isomers of formula 1
• R 1 and R '1 independently denote an alkyl group or an aryl group
• R 2 is a linear alkyl group comprising from 1 to 8 carbon atoms
• R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from H and CH 3 , free from isomer (E, E) and comprising at least 98% isomer (E, Z), at least 0.1% isomer (Z, Z) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E) comprising the steps a) contacting a mixture of enolphosphate isomers of formula 1 comprising a detectable amount of isomer (E, E) with a hydrolyzable dienophile D preferably in an organic solvent S, at a temperature T, and
• R 1 and R '1 independently denote an alkyl group chosen from linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyls and an aryl group chosen from phenyl, benzyl, mesityl, or tolyl.
• the grouping straight or branched C1-C6 alkyl may be selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl.
• the mixture of enolphosphate isomers comprising a detectable amount of isomer (E, E) can be obtained in particular from the (E) hex-2-enal as described in application WO2016001383.
• the term "detectable amount” means an amount greater than 0.10%, or even greater than 0.2% by weight, which is the regulatory standard of the pharmacopoeia to consider an impurity as negligible or not. As a corollary, an undetectable amount corresponds to less than 0.2%, or even less than 0.1% by weight.
• the invention also relates to a process for obtaining an M2 mixture of the isomers of a compound of formula 3
• R 3 ⁇ 4 is a linear alkyl group comprising from 1 to 8 carbon atoms
• R 3, R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from H and CH 3
• R 6 represents a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group, characterized in that that its isomeric purity is greater than or equal to 98% in the isomer (E, Z) and that it contains at least 0.1% of the (Z, E) and (Z, Z) isomers and less than 1% of the isomer (E, E), comprising the steps of claim 1 or 2, and further comprising a step c) of contacting the M1 mixture of enolphosphate isomers of formula 1 free of isomer (E, E) and comprising at least 98% isomer (E, Z), at least 0.1% isomer (Z, Z) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E) obtained in step b) with a compound of formula XMg-R 6 -OMgX, wherein each X independently represents a halogen
• the process according to the invention may further comprise a step c) of contacting the M1 mixture of isomers of enolphosphate of formula 1 free of isomer (E, E) and comprising at least 98% of isomer (E , Z), at least 0.1% isomer (Z, Z) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E) obtained in step b) with a compound of formula XMg-R 6 -OMgX, in which each X independently represents a halogen atom, preferably Br or Cl, in particular Cl, and R 6 represents any group, preferably a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group, more preferably a C1-C6 linear alkyl group; C6, in particular a hexyl group, and then bringing the resulting mixture into contact with an acylating agent.
• This step c) produces an M2 mixture of isomers of a compound of formula 3 comprising at least 98% isomer (E, Z), at least 0.1% iso
• R2, R3, R4, R5 and R 6 have the meanings as explained further.
• the compound of formula 1 is a compound of formula 2. o
• R1 and R'1 independently denote an alkyl group or an aryl group.
• This alkyl group may be chosen from linear or branched C1-C6 alkyls and this aryl group may be chosen from phenyl, benzyl, mesityl, or tolyl.
• This linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group may be chosen from methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl and hexyl.
• the temperature T is greater than or equal to 60 ° C, preferably greater than or equal to 70 ° C, in particular equal to 70 ° C.
• the hydrolyzable dienophile D is chosen from maleic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or their hydrolysable derivatives, such as their esters or anhydrides. In particular it is maleic anhydride.
• the hydrolyzable dienophile D is hydrophilic.
• N equivalents of hydrolyzable dienophile D added in step a) of the process according to the invention may be any amount adapted for the reaction to be carried out with the best yield.
• N is between 0.25 and 10, particularly between 0.5 and 2.
• the organic solvent S is an organic solvent having a boiling point greater than 70 ° C. at atmospheric pressure, such as alkanes, aromatics or polar solvents.
• S is methylcyclohexane.
• Step b) may be carried out by adding, to the solution obtained after step a), preferably after cooling, a basic aqueous solution and recovering the organic products by extraction with an apolar solvent. such as an alkane, an aromatic solvent or a mixture thereof.
• the acylating agent is selected from the group consisting of acetoyl halides, acetic anhydride and alkyl acetates such as ethyl acetate.
• Acetylation is a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into an organic compound. This is a special case of acylation. This is the process of introducing an acetyl group (-CO-CH3) on a compound, to be precise by substitution of an active hydrogen atom with an acetyl group. The acetylation of the hydrogen of a hydroxyl group thus forms an acetoxy group: -O-CO-CH3 which corresponds to an acetate ester.
• the process of the invention comprises, in a first step, obtaining the enolphosphate compound of formula 1 in the form of mixture of isomers according to the protocol described in WO2016001383 and schematized below in the case of the enolphosphate of formula 2.
• the resulting mixture is then washed with water at pH> 8 to remove salts, excess chlorophosphate and NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone).
• An organic solvent S having a boiling point above 70 ° C such as alkanes, aromatics or polar solvents, is then added.
• these solvents may be used heptane, methylcyclohexane, mineral oils, toluene, xylene, dimethylbenzene, methyl THF, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide.
• An N number of equivalents (N between 0.25 and 10, particularly between 0.5 and 2) of a hydrolysable dienophile D such as maleic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or their hydrolysable derivatives such as esters or anhydrides, more particularly maleic anhydride ,.
• the hydrolyzable dienophile D is maleic anhydride.
• the mixture is then heated to a temperature T greater than or equal to 60 ° C until the disappearance of the isomer (E, E).
• the reaction is followed by chromatographic techniques known to those skilled in the art.
• the reaction time is a function of the number of equivalents of dienophile, its nature and the temperature chosen for the reaction.
• a basic solution is added and the organic products are recovered by extraction with an apolar solvent such as an alkane or an aromatic solvent. This purification is shown schematically in the diagram below in the case of the enolphosphate of formula 2.
• a mixture M1 is then obtained of the ( ⁇ , ⁇ ), (Z, E) and (Z, Z) isomers of enolphosphate 1, characterized in that its isomeric purity is greater than or equal to 98% in the isomer ( E, Z) and that M1 contains at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, Z).
• This M1 mixture of isomers of diethyl hexa-1,3-dien-1-yl phosphate is another object of the present invention.
• a second subject of the present invention is therefore a mixture M1 of isomers of enolphosphate of formula 1 free of isomer (E, E) and comprising at least 98% of isomer (E, Z), at least 0.1% d isomer (Z, Z) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E).
• isomer-free (E, E) -based mixture is meant a mixture in which the (E, E) -isomer is not detectable by standard analysis techniques known to those skilled in the art which make it possible to differentiate the different isomers.
• the analytical technique used may be NMR nuclear magnetic resonance, or GC (gas chromatography), preferably GC.
• the proportions of the different isomers and the isomeric purities can be determined by the person skilled in the art by any suitable quantitative technique, in particular by NMR, HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) or GC, in particular by GC.
• the method according to the invention may then comprise a step of transforming this mixture of isomers according to step 2 of the protocol described in WO2016001383 to obtain an M2 mixture of isomers of a compound of formula 3, in particular 7, 9-dodecadienyl-1-acetate, characterized in that its isomeric purity is greater than or equal to 98% in the (E, Z) isomer and that M2 contains at least 0.1% of the (Z, E) and (Z) isomers Z) and less than 1% of the isomer (E, E) by simple evaporation of the volatiles.
• the mixture M2 is another object of the present invention.
• a third subject of the present invention is an M2 mixture of isomers of a compound of formula 3, in which R2 is as defined above, comprising at least 98% of isomer (E, Z), at least 0.1 % isomer (Z, Z) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E).
• It is also an object of the present invention to provide a process for obtaining the mixture M2 comprising contacting the M1 mixture of enolphosphate isomers of formula 1 according to the present invention, free of isomer (E, E) and comprising at least 98% isomer (E, Z), at least 0.1% isomer (Z, Z) and at least 0.1% isomer (Z, E), with a compound of formula XMg- R 6 -OMgX, in which each X independently represents a halogen atom, preferably Br or Cl, in particular Cl, and R 6 represents a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group, more preferably a linear alkyl group; C1-C6, in particular hexyl, and then bringing the resulting mixture into contact with an acylating agent.
• the acylating agent is selected from the group consisting of acetoyl halides, acetic anhydride and alkyl acetates such as ethyl a
• Raw materials and solvents are the raw materials found commercially at Sigma Aldrich.
• Enolphosphate (diethyl-hexa-1,3-dienylphosphate) is synthesized by applying the method described in patent WO2016001383.
• Grignard's reagent is prepared from 6-chloro-hexan-1-ol, n-butylmagnesium chloride and magnesium.
• the analytical method consists of Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis on an HP 5890 Series II equipped with an FID detector.
• the chromatographic column is an Innowax 30m column, 0.25 mm, 0.25 ⁇ , the carrier gas being helium, and the pressure at 1 1 psi.
• the injector is at 250 ° C, the detector at 300 ° C.
• the injected volume is 1 ⁇ .
• the concentration of the sample is 4 g / l in ethyl acetate (AcOEt).
• the reactions are carried out in a 20 I reactor with mechanical stirring (400 rpm), equipped with a thermometer and a nitrogen inlet. The system is cooled if necessary with a cryostat.
• EXAMPLE 1 Improvement of the Isomeric Purity of a Mixture of Isomers of 7,9-dodecadienyl Acetate by Urea Treatment To a glass reactor of 20 l, 2.94 kg (8.92 equiv) of urea, and 1 1, 8 I (5.9 vol) of methanol were added and stirring was started while maintaining the temperature at 55 ⁇ 5 ° C until complete dissolution of the solids.
• the isomeric purity of the products, after one, two and three inclusions with urea, is characterized by gas chromatography one obtains the result presented in the table below.
• aqueous phase is extracted with heptane (2 ⁇ 20 ml), washed with a saturated aqueous solution of NaCl (5.92 M, 20 ml) and then with water (20 ml), and concentrated under empty.
• a mixture of isomers of diethyl-hexa-1,3-dienyl phosphate is obtained from frans-hexen-1-al following the method described in patent WO2016001383.
• reaction mixture is heated at 70 ° C for 3 hours, then cooled to 10 ° C, and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added (3M, 4.17L).
• aqueous phase is extracted with heptane (2 ⁇ 3.13 L), washed with aqueous NaCl solution (10% w / w, 1 ⁇ 2.09 L), and concentrated under vacuum.
• Example 4 Obtaining the pheromone mixture M2 from a mixture of isomers of purified diethyl-hexa-1,3-dien-1-yl phosphate.
• the Grignard alcoholate reagent prepared from 67.1 g of 6-chloro-hexan-1-ol (491.7 mmol), 474 ml of THF and magnesium (983.5 mmol), is introduced into the quadricol reactor. ).
• the mixture After stirring for 2 hours at 25 ° C., the mixture is cooled to -5 ° C. and 85 ml of acetic anhydride are added dropwise over 20 minutes. After stirring for one hour at ambient temperature, the reaction mixture is acidified with an aqueous solution of HCl (1 N, 680 ml). The aqueous phase is extracted three times with methyl tert-butyl ether (3 ⁇ 120 ml). The three organic phases are recombined, then washed with water and concentrated in vacuo.

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