WO2018159181A1 - Rotor de machine électrique tournante et machine électrique tournante équipée de celui-ci - Google Patents

Rotor de machine électrique tournante et machine électrique tournante équipée de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018159181A1
WO2018159181A1 PCT/JP2018/002632 JP2018002632W WO2018159181A1 WO 2018159181 A1 WO2018159181 A1 WO 2018159181A1 JP 2018002632 W JP2018002632 W JP 2018002632W WO 2018159181 A1 WO2018159181 A1 WO 2018159181A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
magnet
electrical machine
rotating electrical
space
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/002632
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
祐二 狩野
泰行 齋藤
山崎　慎司
Original Assignee
日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 filed Critical 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社
Priority to CN201880004614.3A priority Critical patent/CN110326191B/zh
Priority to JP2019502514A priority patent/JP7113003B2/ja
Publication of WO2018159181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018159181A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotor of a rotating electric machine such as a motor or a generator, and a rotating electric machine including the same.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the demagnetization resistance when a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged while maintaining the high torque performance of the motor.
  • a rotor of a rotating electrical machine is a rotor of a rotating electrical machine that forms a first space that houses a first magnet and a second space that houses a second magnet, and the first space and
  • the bridge thickness that is the outermost part and the outermost part of the rotor core is larger than the bridge space that is the outermost part and the outermost part of the second space, and the outermost part of the second magnet is the outermost part of the second magnet. It arrange
  • the present invention it is possible to improve the demagnetization resistance when a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged while maintaining the high torque performance of the motor.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an rZ cross section of the rotating electrical machine 200 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing an r- ⁇ section of the stator 230 and the rotor 250, and shows an AA section view of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing an enlarged portion corresponding to one magnetic pole in the cross-sectional view of the rotor 280 and the stator 230 shown in FIG. 4. It is the elements on larger scale which expanded and showed one magnetic pole part of sectional drawing of the rotor 280 and the stator 230 which concern on other embodiment.
  • the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention can be applied to a pure electric vehicle that runs only by the rotating electrical machine and a hybrid type electric vehicle that is driven by both the engine and the rotating electrical machine.
  • a hybrid type electric vehicle is taken as an example. explain.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle 100 is mounted with an engine 120, a first rotating electrical machine 200, a second rotating electrical machine 202, and a battery 180.
  • the battery 180 supplies DC power to the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202 via the power converter 600 when the driving force by the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202 is required. Further, battery 180 receives DC power from first rotating electric machine 200 and second rotating electric machine 202 during regenerative travel.
  • the exchange of DC power between the battery 180 and the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202 is performed via the power conversion device 600.
  • the vehicle is equipped with a battery that supplies low-voltage power (for example, 14 volt system power) and supplies DC power to a control circuit described below.
  • Rotational torque generated by the engine 120, the first rotating electric machine 200, and the second rotating electric machine 202 is transmitted to the front wheels 110 via the transmission 130 and the differential gear 160.
  • the transmission 130 is controlled by a transmission control device 134
  • the engine 120 is controlled by an engine control device 124.
  • the battery 180 is controlled by the battery control device 184.
  • Transmission control device 134, engine control device 124, battery control device 184, power conversion device 600 and integrated control device 170 are connected by communication line 174.
  • the integrated control device 170 is a higher-level control device than the transmission control device 134, the engine control device 124, the power conversion device 600, and the battery control device 184, and the transmission control device 134, the engine control device 124, and the power conversion device 600. And information representing each state of the battery control device 184 is received from each of them via the communication line 174. The integrated control device 170 calculates a control command for each control device based on the acquired information. The calculated control command is transmitted to each control device via the communication line 174.
  • the high voltage battery 180 is constituted by a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, and outputs high-voltage DC power of 250 to 600 volts or more.
  • the battery control device 184 outputs the charge / discharge status of the battery 180 and the state of each unit cell battery constituting the battery 180 to the integrated control device 170 via the communication line 174.
  • the integrated control device 170 determines that the battery 180 needs to be charged based on the information from the battery control device 184, the integrated control device 170 instructs the power conversion device 600 to perform a power generation operation.
  • the integrated control device 170 mainly manages the output torque of the engine 120 and the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202, the output torque of the engine 120, and the output of the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202. Computation processing of the total torque and torque distribution ratio with torque is performed, and a control command based on the computation processing result is transmitted to the transmission control device 134, the engine control device 124, and the power conversion device 600.
  • the power conversion device 600 controls the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202 so as to generate torque output or generated power according to the command.
  • Power converter 600 is provided with a power semiconductor that constitutes an inverter for operating first rotating electric machine 200 and second rotating electric machine 202.
  • the power conversion device 600 controls the switching operation of the power semiconductor based on a command from the integrated control device 170. By the switching operation of the power semiconductor, the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202 are operated as an electric motor or a generator.
  • DC power from the high-voltage battery 180 is supplied to the DC terminal of the inverter of the power converter 600.
  • the power conversion device 600 converts the DC power supplied by controlling the switching operation of the power semiconductor into three-phase AC power, and supplies it to the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202.
  • the rotors of the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202 are rotationally driven with rotational torque applied from the outside, Three-phase AC power is generated in the stator windings of the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202.
  • the generated three-phase AC power is converted into DC power by the power converter 600, and the DC power is supplied to the high-voltage battery 180, whereby the battery 180 is charged.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the power conversion device 600 of FIG.
  • the power conversion device 600 is provided with a first inverter device for the first rotating electrical machine 200 and a second inverter device for the second rotating electrical machine 202.
  • the first inverter device includes a power module 610, a first drive circuit 652 that controls the switching operation of each power semiconductor 21 of the power module 610, and a current sensor 660 that detects the current of the rotating electrical machine 200.
  • the drive circuit 652 is provided on the drive circuit board 650.
  • the second inverter device includes a power module 620, a second drive circuit 656 that controls the switching operation of each power semiconductor 21 in the power module 620, and a current sensor 662 that detects the current of the rotating electrical machine 202. Yes.
  • the drive circuit 656 is provided on the drive circuit board 654.
  • the control circuit 648 provided on the control circuit board 646, the capacitor module 630, and the transmission / reception circuit 644 mounted on the connector board 642 are commonly used by the first inverter device and the second inverter device.
  • the power modules 610 and 620 operate according to drive signals output from the corresponding first drive circuit 652 and second drive circuit 656, respectively.
  • the power modules 610 and 620 respectively convert DC power supplied from the battery 180 into three-phase AC power, and the stator is an armature winding of the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202 corresponding thereto. Supply to winding. Further, the power modules 610 and 620 convert AC power induced in the stator windings of the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202 into DC and supply it to the battery 180.
  • the power modules 610 and 620 are provided with a three-phase bridge circuit as shown in FIG. 2, and series circuits corresponding to the three phases are electrically connected in parallel between the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the battery 180, respectively.
  • Each series circuit includes a power semiconductor 21 constituting an upper arm and a power semiconductor 21 constituting a lower arm, and these power semiconductors 21 are connected in series.
  • the power module 610 and the power module 620 have substantially the same circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 2, and the power module 610 will be described as a representative here.
  • an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) 21 is used as a switching power semiconductor element.
  • the IGBT 21 includes three electrodes, a collector electrode, an emitter electrode, and a gate electrode.
  • a diode 38 is electrically connected between the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21.
  • the diode 38 includes two electrodes, a cathode electrode and an anode electrode.
  • the cathode electrode is the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 and the anode electrode is the IGBT 21 so that the direction from the emitter electrode to the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 is the forward direction.
  • Each is electrically connected to the emitter electrode.
  • a MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • the MOSFET includes three electrodes, a drain electrode, a source electrode, and a gate electrode.
  • a parasitic diode whose forward direction is from the drain electrode to the source electrode is provided between the source electrode and the drain electrode, so there is no need to provide the diode 38 of FIG.
  • the arm of each phase is configured such that the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21 and the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 are electrically connected in series.
  • the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21 and the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 are electrically connected in series.
  • only one IGBT of each upper and lower arm of each phase is shown, but since the current capacity to be controlled is large, a plurality of IGBTs are actually electrically connected in parallel. ing. Below, in order to simplify description, it demonstrates as one power semiconductor.
  • each upper and lower arm of each phase is composed of three IGBTs.
  • the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 of each upper arm of each phase is electrically connected to the positive electrode side of the battery 180, and the source electrode of the IGBT 21 of each lower arm of each phase is electrically connected to the negative electrode side of the battery 180.
  • the midpoint of each arm of each phase (the connection portion between the emitter electrode of the upper arm side IGBT and the collector electrode of the IGBT on the lower arm side) is the corresponding phase of the corresponding first rotating electric machine 200 or second rotating electric machine 202. It is electrically connected to the armature winding (stator winding).
  • the first drive circuit 652 and the second drive circuit 656 constitute a drive unit for controlling the corresponding power modules 610 and 620, and drive the IGBT 21 based on the control signal output from the control circuit 648. For generating a driving signal.
  • the drive signals generated by the first drive circuit 652 and the second drive circuit 656 are output to the gates of the power semiconductors 21 of the corresponding power modules 610 and 620, respectively.
  • the first drive circuit 652 and the second drive circuit 656 are each provided with six integrated circuits that generate drive signals to be supplied to the gates of the upper and lower arms of each phase, and the six integrated circuits are made into one block. It is configured.
  • the control circuit 648 constitutes a control unit of each power module 610 and 620, and is constituted by a microcomputer that calculates a control signal (control value) for operating (turning on / off) a plurality of switching power semiconductor elements. Has been.
  • the control circuit 648 receives a torque command signal (torque command value) from the host controller, sensor outputs of the current sensors 660 and 662, and sensor outputs of the rotation sensors mounted on the first rotating electric machine 200 and the second rotating electric machine 202. Entered.
  • the control circuit 648 calculates a control value based on these input signals, and outputs a control signal for controlling the switching timing to the first drive circuit 652 and the second drive circuit 656.
  • the transmission / reception circuit 644 mounted on the connector board 642 is for electrically connecting the power conversion apparatus 600 and an external control apparatus, and communicates information with other apparatuses via the communication line 174 in FIG. Send and receive.
  • Capacitor module 630 constitutes a smoothing circuit for suppressing fluctuations in DC voltage caused by the switching operation of IGBT 21, and is electrically connected in parallel to terminals on the DC side of power module 610 and power module 620. .
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first rotary electric machine 200 shown in FIG.
  • the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202 have substantially the same structure, and the structure of the first rotating electrical machine 200 will be described below as a representative example. However, the structure shown below does not need to be employed in both the first rotating electrical machine 200 and the second rotating electrical machine 202, and may be employed in only one of them.
  • a stator 230 is held inside the housing 212.
  • the stator 230 includes a stator core 232 and a stator winding 238.
  • a rotor 280 is rotatably held through a gap 222.
  • the rotor 280 includes a rotor core 282 fixed to the shaft 218, a permanent magnet 284, and a non-magnetic contact plate 226.
  • the housing 212 has a pair of end brackets 214 provided with bearings 216, and the shaft 218 is rotatably held by these bearings 216.
  • the shaft 218 is provided with a resolver 224 that detects the position and rotation speed of the pole of the rotor 280.
  • the output from the resolver 224 is taken into the control circuit 648 shown in FIG.
  • the control circuit 648 outputs a control signal to the drive circuit 652 based on the fetched output.
  • the drive circuit 652 outputs a drive signal based on the control signal to the power module 610.
  • the power module 610 performs a switching operation based on the control signal, and converts DC power supplied from the battery 180 into three-phase AC power. This three-phase AC power is supplied to the stator winding 238 shown in FIG. 3 and a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 230.
  • the frequency of the three-phase alternating current is controlled based on the output value of the resolver 224, and the phase of the three-phase alternating current with respect to the rotor 280 is also controlled based on the output value of the resolver 224.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing an r- ⁇ section of the stator 230 and the rotor 250, and shows an AA section view of FIG. In FIG. 4, the housing 212, the shaft 218, and the stator winding 238 are not shown.
  • a large number of slots 237 and teeth 236 are evenly arranged on the inner circumference side of the stator core 232 over the entire circumference.
  • all slots and teeth are not labeled, and only some teeth and slots are represented by symbols.
  • a slot insulating material (not shown) is provided in the slot 237, and a plurality of phase windings of U phase, V phase, and W phase constituting the stator winding 238 of FIG.
  • the number of slots per phase per pole is 2, 48 slots 237 are formed at equal intervals.
  • the number of slots per phase per pole means that the U phase, V phase, and W phase of each slot 237 are in the ⁇ direction (circumferential direction) U phase, U phase, V phase, V phase, W phase, W phase,.
  • Means that two phases are arranged side by side, and six slots 237 are used for one U phase, V phase, and W phase.
  • the number of slots 237 of the stator core 232 is 48 of 6 ⁇ 8.
  • each hole 253 is formed along the z direction (axial direction), and permanent magnets 254 are embedded in the holes 253 and fixed with a filler such as an adhesive or resin.
  • the width in the ⁇ direction of the hole 253 is set larger than the width in the ⁇ direction between the permanent magnet 254a and the permanent magnet 254b, and the hole spaces 257 on both sides of the permanent magnet 254 function as magnetic gaps.
  • the hole space 257 may be filled with an adhesive, or may be solidified integrally with the permanent magnet 254 with a molding resin.
  • the permanent magnet 254 acts as a field pole of the rotor 250, and has an 8-pole configuration in this embodiment.
  • the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 254 is perpendicular to the long side of the permanent magnet 254, and the direction of the magnetization direction is reversed for each field pole. That is, if the stator side surface of the permanent magnet 254a is N-pole and the surface on the shaft side is S-pole, the stator side surface of the adjacent permanent magnet 254b is S-pole and the surface on the shaft side is N-pole. . These permanent magnets 254a and permanent magnets 254b are alternately arranged in the ⁇ direction.
  • the permanent magnet 254 may be inserted into the hole 253 after being magnetized, or may be magnetized by applying a strong magnetic field after being inserted into the hole 253 of the rotor core 252.
  • the magnetized permanent magnet 254 is a strong magnet, if the magnet is magnetized before the permanent magnet 254 is fixed to the rotor 250, a strong attractive force between the rotor core 252 and the permanent magnet 254 is fixed. Occurs and hinders assembly work.
  • due to the strong attractive force of the permanent magnet 254 dust such as iron powder may adhere to the permanent magnet 254. Therefore, when considering the productivity of the rotating electrical machine, it is preferable that the permanent magnet 254 is magnetized after being inserted into the rotor core 252.
  • the permanent magnet 254 may be a neodymium-based or samarium-based sintered magnet, a ferrite magnet, a neodymium-based bond magnet, or the like.
  • the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 254 is about 0.4 to 1.45T.
  • the alternating current since the alternating current is controlled to be sinusoidal, the product of the fundamental wave component of the interlinkage magnetic flux and the fundamental wave component of the alternating current becomes the time-average component of the torque, and the harmonic component of the interlinkage magnetic flux
  • the product of the fundamental wave components of the alternating current becomes the torque ripple that is the harmonic component of the torque. That is, in order to reduce the torque ripple, the harmonic component of the flux linkage may be reduced.
  • the harmonic component of the interlinkage magnetic flux since the product of the interlinkage magnetic flux and the angular velocity at which the rotor rotates is the induced voltage, reducing the harmonic component of the interlinkage magnetic flux is equivalent to reducing the harmonic component of the induced voltage.
  • FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing an enlargement of one magnetic pole portion of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG.
  • the magnet insertion hole 253 forms a first insertion hole 253a that houses the first permanent magnet 254a1 and two second insertion holes 253b that house the two second permanent magnets 254a2.
  • the first magnetic gap 257a is formed outside the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet 254a1 and in the vicinity of both ends of the first permanent magnet 254a1.
  • a second magnetic gap 257b is formed outside the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet 254a2.
  • the second insertion hole 253b is formed in a V shape, and the first insertion hole 253a is formed between the second insertion holes 253b.
  • the two second insertion holes 253b are symmetrical with respect to the d-axis 300, are formed apart from each other, and each store a second permanent magnet 254a2.
  • the two second insertion holes 253b are formed apart from each other, but the insertion holes may be connected across the d-axis 300.
  • Such a saddle arrangement in which the magnet insertion hole and the permanent magnet are arranged has a higher torque than a permanent magnet having a V-shaped arrangement.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets are not arranged in a balanced manner against the demagnetization of the permanent magnets, only a part of the magnets will be extremely easily demagnetized.
  • the magnetic flux generated from the stator 230 is easily received by the first permanent magnet 254a1, and is easily demagnetized.
  • the bridge thickness W1 that is the finest between the first insertion hole 253a and the outer periphery of the rotor core 252 is the bridge thickness W1 that is the finest between the second insertion hole 253b and the outer periphery of the rotor core 252. It is formed to be larger than the length W2.
  • the outermost part of the second permanent magnet 254a2 is arranged to be inside the innermost part of the first permanent magnet 254a1.
  • the magnetic flux from the stator 230 does not concentrate on either the first permanent magnet 254a1 or the second permanent magnet 254a2, and the first permanent magnet 254a1 and the second permanent magnet 254a1 and the second permanent magnet 254a2 are maintained while maintaining the high torque performance of the saddle arrangement.
  • the permanent magnet 254a2 can have an equivalent demagnetization resistance.
  • the second permanent magnet 254a2 when projected from the direction parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux generated from the second permanent magnet 254a2, the second permanent magnet 254a2 is projected so that the projected portion of the outer peripheral end 258 overlaps the first insertion hole 253a.
  • the permanent magnet 254a2 is formed.
  • the first permanent magnet 254a1 and the second permanent magnet 254a2 can have the same demagnetization resistance while maintaining the high torque performance of the saddle arrangement.
  • the first permanent magnet 254a and the second permanent magnet 254b are housed one by one in the first insertion hole 254a1 and the second insertion hole 254a2, respectively, but it is equivalent even if the permanent magnet is divided in the circumferential direction. Performance can be obtained.
  • FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view showing one magnetic pole part in a cross-sectional view of a rotor 280 and a stator 230 according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in that a mechanical bridge is provided between the magnetic gap 257b and a portion of the second insertion hole 253b where the second permanent magnet 254a2 is accommodated in order to increase the mechanical strength. This is a point where a portion 259 is provided.
  • a plurality of mechanical bridge portions 259 may be provided.
  • the magnetic flux leaks from the permanent magnet to reduce the performance, so it is desirable not to provide more than necessary.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications.
  • the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described.
  • a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of an embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

L'objectif de la présente invention est d'améliorer la résistance à la démagnétisation lorsqu'une pluralité d'aimants permanents est présente, tout en maintenant une performance de couple élevée d'un moteur. Le rotor de machine électrique tournante selon la présente invention forme un premier espace pour accueillir un premier aimant et un deuxième espace pour accueillir un deuxième aimant, où : une largeur de pont qui devient la partie la plus étroite entre le premier espace et la circonférence extérieure d'un noyau de rotor est supérieure à une largeur de pont qui devient la partie la plus étroite entre le deuxième espace et la circonférence extérieure du noyau de rotor ; et le deuxième aimant est agencé de sorte qu'une partie située le plus à l'extérieur du deuxième aimant est située plus vers le côté intérieur qu'une partie située le plus à l'intérieur du premier aimant.
PCT/JP2018/002632 2017-02-28 2018-01-29 Rotor de machine électrique tournante et machine électrique tournante équipée de celui-ci WO2018159181A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880004614.3A CN110326191B (zh) 2017-02-28 2018-01-29 旋转电机的转子及具备其的旋转电机
JP2019502514A JP7113003B2 (ja) 2017-02-28 2018-01-29 回転電機の回転子及びこれを備えた回転電機

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-035668 2017-02-28
JP2017035668 2017-02-28

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WO2018159181A1 true WO2018159181A1 (fr) 2018-09-07

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WO2021205713A1 (fr) * 2020-04-07 2021-10-14 三菱電機株式会社 Machine électrique rotative
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WO2022097322A1 (fr) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 日本電産株式会社 Machine tournante électrique
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