WO2018143187A1 - 鋼材形状計測装置及び鋼材形状矯正装置 - Google Patents
鋼材形状計測装置及び鋼材形状矯正装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018143187A1 WO2018143187A1 PCT/JP2018/002954 JP2018002954W WO2018143187A1 WO 2018143187 A1 WO2018143187 A1 WO 2018143187A1 JP 2018002954 W JP2018002954 W JP 2018002954W WO 2018143187 A1 WO2018143187 A1 WO 2018143187A1
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- steel material
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- laser light
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/06—Removing local distortions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
- G01B11/306—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces for measuring evenness
Definitions
- the present invention is a steel material shape measuring apparatus suitable for measuring off-line shapes having defects such as steel distortion, and a shape having defects such as steel distortion measured by the steel shape measuring apparatus,
- the present invention relates to a steel material shape correcting device suitable for offline correction.
- a measuring device composed of a plurality of optical distance meters is installed on a steel sheet conveyance line and passes through this measuring device. There is one that detects the distance from the reflection state of light from the steel plate to the steel plate surface, that is, the height of the steel plate surface, and continuously measures the shape of the steel plate surface.
- this steel plate shape measuring device is not suitable for off-line shape measurement, the present applicant has proposed a steel plate shape correcting device with a steel plate shape measuring device described in Patent Document 2.
- the steel sheet shape measuring apparatus described in Patent Document 2 uses a laser distance meter that turns laser light from one laser light source with a galvano mirror, scans the surface to be scanned with the turned laser light, and measures the distance. A predetermined detection point group on a stationary steel plate is measured, and the shape of the steel plate is measured from the obtained distance measurement data.
- “polarized light” means “turning”, that is, switching the direction. Therefore, the shape of the steel plate can be measured even when the steel plate is stationary offline.
- substantially mirror-like means a surface shape that reflects a mirror image of an object with an image quality that can be visually identified.
- reference technique A a method for dealing with a measurement abnormality of a steel sheet having a substantially mirror-like steel sheet surface is specifically described.
- an abnormal phenomenon (measurement abnormality) occurs in which the measured value greatly exceeds the normal variation range.
- the steel material shape on the conveying device before and after the shape correction and the steel material shape under the pressure ram during the shape correction are the steel plate in which the steel material has a substantially mirror surface shape.
- a steel material shape measuring device that can reliably measure even if it has a surface
- a steel material shape correcting device that can efficiently correct the shape by utilizing the measurement result of the steel material shape measuring device. It is to be an issue.
- the steel material is a general term for a steel plate, a shape steel, and a steel sheet pile.
- the present invention made to solve the above problems is the invention described in the following (1) to (3).
- a laser rangefinder that turns laser light from one laser light source with a galvanometer mirror, scans the steel with the turned laser light, and measures the distance
- the detection point group on the surface to be scanned of the steel is measured.
- a steel material shape measuring apparatus comprising, as a laser light absorber, an object having a 45 ° 0 ° diffuse reflectance of 10% or less as a laser light absorber in at least one position within an irradiation range of laser light regularly reflected by a surface to be scanned of the steel material.
- a steel material shape correcting device comprising the steel material shape measuring device according to (1) above.
- the steel material shape on the conveyance device before and after the shape correction and the steel material shape under the pressure ram during the shape correction are reliably measured even if the steel material has a substantially mirror-like steel surface. It is possible to use the measurement result, and it is possible to efficiently correct the shape.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a steel material shape measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention (1).
- FIG. 2 is a top view which shows schematic structure of the steel material shape correction apparatus which concerns on invention (2).
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example A (FIG. 3A) and an example B (FIG. 3B) of the incident / reflecting surface shape of the laser light absorber.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of distance measurement data in the conventional example (FIG. 4A) and the present invention example (FIG. 4B).
- FIG. 5 is an output diagram of unevenness distribution information in the steel sheet surface in the conventional example (FIG. 5A) and the present invention example (FIG. 5B).
- invention (N) the invention described in (N) is referred to as “invention (N)”.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a steel shape measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention (1)
- FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view of a laser distance meter
- FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view of the entire apparatus
- FIG. 1 (c) is a front view of the entire apparatus
- FIG. 1 (d) is a side view of the entire apparatus.
- a steel material shape measuring apparatus (1) measures a predetermined detection group of a scanned surface of a steel material with a laser beam, and measures the shape of the steel material from the obtained distance measurement data
- one laser light source 11 that emits laser light
- a laser rangefinder 5A that includes a galvano mirror 13 that turns the laser light, and within the irradiation range of the laser light that is regularly reflected by the surface to be scanned of the steel material
- a laser light absorber 8 having a 45 ° 0 ° diffuse reflectance of 10% or less. As shown in FIG.
- the laser distance meter 5 ⁇ / b> A includes a single laser light source 11 mounted on a turntable 12, and a known galvanometer mirror 13 is disposed at the laser emission port of the laser light source 11.
- the configuration is such that the galvanometer mirror rotating shaft 13A forms an angle of 45 ° with the reflecting surface of the galvanometer mirror 13, coincides with the optical axis of the laser beam from the laser emission port of the laser light source 11, and the rotating table rotating shaft 12A.
- the configuration is orthogonal. Therefore, the laser light from the laser light source 11 is reflected by the galvanometer mirror 13 and turned 90 °, and the turned laser light becomes incident laser light LS1 incident on the surface to be scanned of the steel material.
- the optical path of the incident laser beam LS1 rotates around the galvano mirror 13 and the galvano mirror rotation axis 13A around the point of incidence on the galvano mirror 13 and rotates around the rotation table rotation axis 12A together with the rotation table 12.
- the incident laser beam LS1 can travel three-dimensionally in all directions by rotation around the galvanometer mirror rotation axis 13A and rotation around the rotary table rotation axis 12A. Therefore, the laser distance meter 5A can be used as means for measuring the distance by three-dimensionally scanning all directions with laser light.
- the laser distance meter 5A is disposed obliquely above the surface to be scanned of a steel material, for example, a steel sheet S, as a part of the steel material shape measuring device 5.
- the galvanometer mirror rotating shaft 13 ⁇ / b> A is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet S, and the rotary table rotating shaft 12 ⁇ / b> A is disposed to be orthogonal to the width direction of the steel sheet S.
- the incident laser beam LS1 generates a light spot that travels in the longitudinal direction on the steel sheet S due to the rotation of the galvano mirror 13 around the galvano mirror rotation axis 13A, and the light spot is the rotation axis rotation axis 12A of the turntable 12. Moves in the width direction by rotating around.
- the steel material shape measuring apparatus 5 scans the surface to be scanned of the steel sheet S in the longitudinal direction and the width direction with the light spot to measure the detection point group on the surface to be scanned of the steel sheet S, and from the obtained distance measurement data
- the shape of the steel sheet S is measured using a computer system (not shown).
- the method of measuring the shape of the steel sheet S from the obtained distance measurement data is the same as that in the reference technique A.
- the details are as described in paragraphs 0013 to 0058 of Patent Document 2 previously proposed by the applicant of the present application.
- the distance measurement data is calculated based on a measurement value obtained by measuring the light intensity of primary diffuse reflection light, which is diffuse reflection light from the site where the light spot exists, using a diffuse reflection light measurement device (not shown).
- the incident laser beam LS1 is specularly reflected at the approximately specular surface portion to generate a specular reflection laser beam LS2, which is reflected by the specular reflection laser beam LS2.
- this secondary diffuse reflected light repeatedly enters and diffuses and reflects on the surface of surrounding equipment or equipment.
- Diffusely reflected light (hereinafter, third-order or more diffusely reflected light is referred to as “multiple diffusely reflected light”).
- the distance measurement data is calculated based on the measured value of the light intensity of the superimposed diffuse reflected light. Therefore, unless the light intensity of the secondary diffuse reflected light is negligible with respect to the light intensity of the primary diffuse reflected light, the secondary diffuse reflected light and the multiple diffuse reflected light are the distance measurement data. There is a problem that the accuracy of the shape measurement of the steel sheet S is lowered as a result.
- the steel material shape measuring device 5 has a 45 ° 0 ° diffuse reflectance as the laser light absorber 8 at least at one position within the irradiation range of the regular reflection laser light LS2. With an object of 10% or less. That is, the steel material shape measuring device 5 includes the laser distance meter 5 ⁇ / b> A and the laser light absorber 8.
- “45 ° 0 ° diffuse reflectance” means the ratio of diffused light to incident light on the surface, the incident angle of the incident light with respect to the normal of the surface is 0 °, and the acceptance angle of the diffused light. 45 ° means a steep amount. Since the diffuse reflectance depends on the wavelength of the laser beam to be used, the diffuse reflectance measurement uses a laser beam having the same wavelength as that of the actual scanning laser beam.
- the installation location of the laser light absorber 8 is preferably a location where the light intensity of the secondary diffuse reflected light from the laser light absorber 8 is so large that it cannot be ignored with respect to the light intensity of the primary diffuse reflected light.
- Such a place detects an area where the variation in distance measurement data is abnormally large in the scanned surface of the steel plate by the laser rangefinder, that is, an abnormal area in a state where no laser light absorber is provided. What is necessary is just to select suitably from the irradiation range of the regular reflection laser beam emitted from.
- the light intensity of the secondary diffuse reflected light from the place where the laser light absorber 8 is installed can be made small enough to be negligible with respect to the light intensity of the primary diffuse reflected light.
- the accuracy is improved, thereby obtaining the effect of improving the shape measurement accuracy of the steel sheet S. If the 45 ° 0 ° diffuse reflectance is more than 10%, this effect is poor. Therefore, the diffuse reflectance should be 10% or less, preferably 5% or less.
- black paint coating may be used as the laser light absorber.
- FIG. 2 is a top view which shows schematic structure of the steel material shape correction apparatus which concerns on invention (2).
- This steel material shape correcting device corrects the shape of the steel sheet S offline, and includes a press machine 1 that corrects the shape of the steel sheet S.
- a bed 3 (entrance bed 3) is disposed on the entry side of the press machine 1
- a bed 4 (exit bed 4) is disposed on the exit side of the press machine 1.
- Each of the beds 3 and 4 includes a plurality of rollers for conveying the steel sheet S, and the conveyance direction of the steel sheet S can be controlled by controlling the rotation state of these rollers. That is, these beds 3 and 4 constitute a conveying device for the steel sheet S.
- a position detection device 7 that detects the position of the steel sheet S is provided on the sides of the entrance bed 3 and the exit bed 4.
- the position detection device 7 scans the steel sheet S in the transport direction with laser light, measures the shape along the transport direction of the steel sheet S, and detects the position of the steel sheet S from the shape measurement result.
- the steel plate S is pressed from above with the pressurizing ram 2, and a bending moment is mainly applied to the steel plate S to correct the shape of the steel plate S.
- the shape of the steel sheet S is measured by the steel material shape measuring device 5 according to the invention (1).
- the steel plate shape correction parameters include, for example, a difference gap obtained from the shape of the steel sheet S (a gap between the difference sheet and the steel sheet when a predetermined length difference [reference line segment] is applied to the surface of the steel sheet S).
- the pressure applied by the pressurizing ram 2, the position and interval of the bottom plate called shim, and the position of the steel plate S are mentioned.
- a steel material shape measuring device 5 according to the invention (1) is provided obliquely above each of the entrance bed 3 and the exit bed 4.
- the steel material shape measuring device 5 obliquely above the entrance bed 3 measures the shape of the steel material before shape correction, adjusts various parameters for steel plate shape correction based on the shape data, and executes shape correction.
- the steel plate shape after correction is confirmed by the steel material shape measuring device 5 obliquely above the exit bed 4.
- the orientation of the galvanometer mirror rotating shaft 13A (not shown in FIG. 2) and the rotating table rotating shaft 12A (not shown in FIG. 2) of the laser distance meter 5A with respect to the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the steel sheet S is the same as in FIG. It was.
- the steel material shape correction device includes the steel material shape measuring device 5, the press machine 1, and the conveying device. Both the laser distance meter of the steel material shape measuring apparatus and the laser light absorber are provided on the entry side and the exit side of the press 1.
- the laser light absorber 8 is installed at the scanning surface of the steel plate S where the laser light from the laser distance meter 5 ⁇ / b> A is out of the outer surface of the press 1 in accordance with the invention (3). It was set as the location within the irradiation range of the specularly reflected light, that is, the entrance side, the exit side, and the side where the specular reflection light hits. This is because, when the laser light absorber 8 is not installed, an area in which the adverse effect of the secondary diffuse reflected light on the distance measurement data is not negligible in the irradiation range of the regular reflection laser light.
- An experiment for detecting (referred to as “problem region”) was performed, and the knowledge that the detected problem region was a region on the outer surface of the press 1 on which the incident surface, the exit surface, and the regular reflection light hit was obtained. It is based on that.
- the laser light absorber 8 is disposed on the entrance surface, the exit surface, and the side surface of the press machine 1 on which the regularly reflected light strikes.
- the installation location is not limited to this form.
- the entrance side and the exit side of the press machine 1 are provided with blocking walls that block the specularly reflected light from the steel sheet S from hitting the entrance surface, exit surface, and side surfaces of the press machine 1, and the laser distance meter 5A of the shield wall is provided. You may provide the laser beam absorber 8 in the surface which opposes.
- the laser light absorber 8 is installed only in this partial area. do it.
- the surface that generates the secondary diffuse reflection light in the problem area is a surface of equipment or equipment other than the press 1, the surface is preferably the installation surface of the laser light absorber 8. Absent.
- the incident / reflecting surface shape of the laser light absorber is a shape in which the incident angle of the specularly reflected laser light with respect to the incident / reflecting surface is increased (for example, an incident angle of more than 45 °), the secondary diffusion is performed. This is preferable because the light intensity of the reflected light can be further reduced.
- the incident / reflecting surface shape of the laser light absorber 8 there are a planar incident / reflecting surface shape shown as an example A in FIG. 3A and a sawtooth incident / reflecting surface shape shown as an example B in FIG. Can be mentioned. Comparing the A example and the B example, the incident angle B and the incident angle B ′ in the B example of the specularly reflected laser light LS2 incident from obliquely below are larger than the incident angle A in the A example. More preferred.
- a control device 6 having a built-in computer system that performs arithmetic processing for correcting the shape of the steel sheet S by the press 1 is provided on the side of the exit bed 4. Details of this arithmetic processing are as described in paragraphs 0059 to 0065 of Patent Document 2.
- the steel sheet S is placed on the exit bed 4 of the press 1.
- the laser beam emitted from the laser distance meter 5A for scanning the steel sheet S was a near infrared laser beam having a wavelength of 1550 nm.
- the 45 ° 0 ° diffuse reflectance is 5% on the entrance and exit surfaces of the outer surface of the press machine 1 identified as the location in the problem area within the irradiation range of the regular reflection laser light from the steel sheet S.
- a laser light absorber 8 made of black polyvinyl chloride was installed.
- the shape of the incident / reflecting surface of the laser light absorber 8 is the example B (sawtooth shape) shown in FIG.
- the conventional example is the same embodiment as the example of the present invention except that the laser light absorber 8 is removed from the example of the present invention.
- the conventional example as illustrated in FIG. 4A, there is a measurement abnormality in which the distance measurement data varies greatly beyond the normal variation range in the approximately mirror-like local area in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet S.
- the exit side of the press machine 1 exists within the irradiation range of the specularly reflected laser light from the local area of the substantially mirror-like surface of the steel sheet S, and the secondary diffuse reflected light from the exit side is reflected on the steel sheet S. This is because the distance measurement data is largely dispersed by superimposing on the primary diffuse reflection light from the local area.
- the steel plate shape measurement result derived by using the distance measurement data including the measurement abnormality includes an abnormal region deviating from the true shape as illustrated in FIG. It was difficult to apply.
- the measurement abnormality as in the conventional example is performed over the entire range of the steel sheet S in the longitudinal direction.
- the steel plate shape measurement result derived using distance measurement data that does not include such a measurement abnormality includes an abnormal region that deviates from the true shape as illustrated in FIG. 5B.
- the steel sheet S could be properly shaped without difficulty.
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Abstract
Description
そのため、オフラインで鋼板が静止している状態でも鋼板の形状を計測することができる。
(1) 一つのレーザ光源からのレーザ光をガルバノミラーで転向し、転向したレーザ光にて鋼材を走査し測距するレーザ距離計を用いて、前記鋼材の被走査面における検出点群を測距し、得られた測距データから前記鋼材の形状を計測する鋼材形状計測装置において、
前記鋼材の被走査面で正反射したレーザ光の照射範囲内の少なくとも一箇所に、レーザ光吸収体として、45°0°拡散反射率が10%以下である物体を備えた鋼材形状計測装置。
(2) 加圧ラムを備えたプレス機と、前記プレス機の入側及び出側に設けられ且つ鋼材を搬送する搬送装置とを有する鋼材形状矯正装置において、前記プレス機の入側及び出側に前記(1)に記載の鋼材形状計測装置を備えた鋼材形状矯正装置。
(3) 前記(2)において、前記鋼材形状計測装置のレーザ光吸収体の設置箇所は、前記プレス機の外面のうち前記照射範囲内の面内の箇所を含むものとした鋼材形状矯正装置。
図1は、発明(1)の実施形態に係る鋼材形状計測装置の概略構成を示す模式図であり、図1(a)はレーザ距離計の平面図、図1(b)は装置全体の平面図、図1(c)は装置全体の正面図、(d)は装置全体の側面図である。
図1(a)に示すように、レーザ距離計5Aは、一つのレーザ光源11を回転台12に搭載し、レーザ光源11のレーザ出射口に周知のガルバノミラー13を配設してなる。その構成は、ガルバノミラー回転軸13Aが、ガルバノミラー13の反射面と45°の角度をなし、レーザ光源11のレーザ出射口からのレーザ光の光軸に一致し、且つ回転台回転軸12Aと直交する構成としてある。よって、レーザ光源11からのレーザ光はガルバノミラー13で反射して90°転向し、転向後のレーザ光は、鋼材の被走査面へ入射する入射レーザ光LS1となる。入射レーザ光LS1の光路は、ガルバノミラー13への入射点を回転中心として、ガルバノミラー13と共にガルバノミラー回転軸13A周りに回転し、且つ、回転台12と共に回転台回転軸12A周りに回転する。即ち、入射レーザ光LS1はガルバノミラー回転軸13A周りの回転及び回転台回転軸12A周りの回転により全方位を3次元的に走行しうる。よって、レーザ距離計5Aはレーザ光で全方位を3次元的に走査し測距する手段として用いうる。
図2は、発明(2)に係る鋼材形状矯正装置の概略構成を示す平面図である。この鋼材形状矯正装置は、鋼板Sをオフラインで形状矯正するものであり、鋼板Sの形状を矯正するプレス機1を有する。プレス機1の入側にはベッド3(入側ベッド3)、プレス機1の出側にはベッド4(出側ベッド4)が配設されている。ベッド3、4は、何れも鋼板Sを搬送する複数のローラを備え、これらローラの回転状態を制御することで鋼板Sの搬送方向を制御することができる。即ち、これらのベッド3、4が鋼板Sの搬送装置を構成する。また、入側ベッド3及び出側ベッド4の側方には、鋼板Sの位置を検出する位置検出装置7が設けられている。位置検出装置7は、レーザ光にて鋼板Sを搬送方向に走査して鋼板Sの搬送方向沿いの形状を計測し、その形状測定結果から鋼板Sがどの位置にあるかを検出する。
従来例では、図4(a)に例示するように、鋼板S長手方向位置の概鏡面状の局所に、測距データが通常のばらつき範囲を大きく超えてばらつくという測定異常が存在した。前記測定異常は、鋼板Sの前記概鏡面状の局所からの正反射レーザ光の照射範囲内にプレス機1の出側面が存在し、該出側面からの二次拡散反射光が鋼板Sの前記局所からの一次拡散反射光に重畳して測距データを大きくばらつかせたことによるものである。
2 加圧ラム
3 ベッド(入側ベッド)
4 ベッド(出側ベッド)
5 鋼材形状計測装置
5A レーザ距離計
6 制御装置
7 位置検出装置
8 レーザ光吸収体
11 レーザ光源
12 回転台
12A 回転台回転軸
13 ガルバノミラー
13A ガルバノミラー回転軸
LS1 入射レーザ光
LS2 正反射レーザ光
S 鋼板
Claims (3)
- 一つのレーザ光源からのレーザ光をガルバノミラーで転向し、転向したレーザ光にて鋼材を走査し測距するレーザ距離計を用いて、前記鋼材の被走査面における検出点群を測距し、得られた測距データから前記鋼材の形状を計測する鋼材形状計測装置において、
前記鋼材の被走査面で正反射したレーザ光の照射範囲内の少なくとも一箇所に、レーザ光吸収体として、45°0°拡散反射率が10%以下である物体を備えた鋼材形状計測装置。 - 加圧ラムを備えたプレス機と、前記プレス機の入側及び出側に設けられ且つ鋼材を搬送する搬送装置とを有する鋼材形状矯正装置において、
前記プレス機の入側及び出側に請求項1に記載の鋼材形状計測装置を備えた鋼材形状矯正装置。 - 請求項2において、前記鋼材形状計測装置のレーザ光吸収体の設置箇所は、前記プレス機の外面のうち前記照射範囲内の面内の箇所を含むものとした鋼材形状矯正装置。
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KR1020197022525A KR102233196B1 (ko) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-01-30 | 강재 형상 계측 장치 및 강재 형상 교정 장치 |
JP2018565557A JP6687134B2 (ja) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-01-30 | 鋼材形状計測装置及び鋼材形状矯正装置 |
CN201880009421.7A CN110249201B (zh) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-01-30 | 钢材形状测量装置及钢材形状矫正装置 |
US16/481,580 US10828684B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-01-30 | Steel-products shape measurement device and steel-products shape correction device |
EP18748049.6A EP3578916B1 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-01-30 | Steel material shape measuring device and steel material shape correcting device |
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CN110146040A (zh) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-20 | 李筱穗 | 一种非接触式带钢板形仪 |
JP2020122709A (ja) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-13 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 鍛造プレス装置、鍛造プレス方法及び金属材の製造方法 |
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CN110899384A (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 广西柳州银海铝业股份有限公司 | 矫直精整设备激光测距板形控制系统 |
CN112474886A (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-12 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | 一种煤矿支护钢带修复装置 |
CN112504184B (zh) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-03-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一六研究所 | 一种钢板三维尺寸快速在线质检系统 |
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Also Published As
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US20190388945A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
JPWO2018143187A1 (ja) | 2019-06-27 |
EP3578916B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
EP3578916A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
US10828684B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
KR102233196B1 (ko) | 2021-03-26 |
KR20190103280A (ko) | 2019-09-04 |
TWI635254B (zh) | 2018-09-11 |
CN110249201B (zh) | 2021-10-22 |
CN110249201A (zh) | 2019-09-17 |
TW201831862A (zh) | 2018-09-01 |
EP3578916A4 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
JP6687134B2 (ja) | 2020-04-22 |
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