WO2018143013A1 - Système de distribution de puissance dans un corps mobile - Google Patents

Système de distribution de puissance dans un corps mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018143013A1
WO2018143013A1 PCT/JP2018/001961 JP2018001961W WO2018143013A1 WO 2018143013 A1 WO2018143013 A1 WO 2018143013A1 JP 2018001961 W JP2018001961 W JP 2018001961W WO 2018143013 A1 WO2018143013 A1 WO 2018143013A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
power converter
converter
command value
load
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/001961
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
良介 後藤
秀明 江崎
和馬 徳山
達也 小野寺
芳輝 原田
泰典 久次米
大野　達也
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Priority to CN201880009197.1A priority Critical patent/CN110249494B/zh
Publication of WO2018143013A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018143013A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
    • Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile power distribution system.
  • Patent Document 1 a propulsion system for a moving body such as a ship is known (see Patent Document 1).
  • the generator may trip due to a power load (for example, a crane) having a sudden fluctuation. Therefore, there was a risk of power outage. For this reason, when using a power load having a rapid fluctuation, it is necessary to operate an additional generator.
  • a power load for example, a crane
  • the power storage device can be connected to the power system via a power conversion device, and the amount of power fluctuation can be shared between the generator and the power storage device.
  • power measurement means is provided for each load to obtain the fluctuation amount, and the power of the power converter is increased before the generator's electromechanical system responds. There was a need to control.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and allows a mobile power system to be operated with a single generator even when using a power load having rapid fluctuations by a simple method. It is an object.
  • a mobile power distribution system includes a generator having a prime mover as a driving force, and a fluctuation amount of electric power consumed or regenerated from the load (hereinafter referred to as electric power).
  • a first power converter having an end connected to the first power system and a DC terminal connected to the DC intermediate part; an AC terminal connected to the second power system; and a DC terminal connected to the DC intermediate part
  • a second power converter, a third power converter having both DC ends connected to the DC intermediate section and the power storage device, and the first power converter and the second power conversion from the first power system.
  • Supply to the second power grid A bus tie breaker that forms a path in parallel with the path, and the bus tie breaker is connected when the second power load is not operating, while the second power load is operating.
  • the first power converter is controlled based on a first power command value given by a low frequency component less than a predetermined frequency among the actual power values of the second power converter,
  • the second power converter is droop-controlled, and the third power converter controls the power so as to eliminate the unbalance of power flowing into and out of the direct current intermediate portion.
  • the bus tie breaker is opened and the first power system and the second power system are disconnected.
  • the first power system power is directly supplied from the generator to the first power load, while the first power system reaches the second power system via the first power converter and the second power converter.
  • Power is supplied to the second power load through the power supply path.
  • the electric power of the second power converter changes in accordance with the operating condition of the load.
  • the flow of power from the generator to the DC intermediate part is controlled by the first power converter.
  • the third power converter is controlled so as to absorb the power difference flowing into and out of the DC intermediate part.
  • the power difference between the first power converter and the second power converter is automatically absorbed by the power storage device.
  • the second power converter is droop-controlled, so that power supply to the second power load can be continued.
  • the 1st power converter is controlled based on the 1st electric power command value given by the low frequency component below predetermined frequency among the electric power actual values of the 2nd power converter, it is predetermined frequency among electric power load fluctuations. Only low frequency components less than the frequency appear as power fluctuations in the first power system, and frequency components above a predetermined frequency are absorbed by the power storage device under the control of the third power converter.
  • the bus tie breaker is closed and the first power system and the second power system are connected.
  • strain is formed.
  • the second power converter is droop-controlled, it can be operated in conjunction with a generator (first power system). Even if the generator is out of order, power can be supplied from the power storage device without power failure due to the effect of droop control. Therefore, the power system of the mobile body can be operated with one generator regardless of whether or not the power load having a rapid fluctuation is operated.
  • the mobile power distribution system performs droop control on the second power converter so as to be a point on a droop characteristic line indicating a relationship between the frequency of the second power system and the actual power value of the second power converter.
  • the droop characteristic line is adjusted so that the frequency of the second power system is a standard frequency, and the second power system is adjusted to the first power system.
  • the power of the second power converter may be adjusted to 0 kW, and the frequency of the second power grid may be adjusted to the standard frequency.
  • the second power converter is droop controlled so as to be one point on the droop characteristic line indicating the relationship between the frequency of the second power system and the actual power value of the second power converter.
  • the frequency of the second power system fluctuates according to the droop characteristic line with respect to the sudden fluctuation of the second power load.
  • the second power converter can function in the same manner as the generator during the self-sustaining operation.
  • the droop characteristic line can be adjusted so that the changed frequency becomes the standard frequency.
  • the second power converter when the second power system is connected to the first power system, the second power converter is operated in parallel with the generator, and the share rate of the steady load is adjusted by adjusting the droop characteristic line. Can do.
  • the steady load sharing ratio of the second power converter is 0% (power 0 kW)
  • the generator bears 100% of the load power consumption in the steady state. Thereby, the loss by the 2nd power converter can be controlled.
  • both the second power converter and the generator change transiently according to the droop characteristic line. Therefore, only the fluctuation component of the power load can be shared by the second power converter and the generator.
  • the second power converter can supply power instead without causing a power failure.
  • the power at this time is supplied from the power storage device. This indicates that in this operation, the power storage device can be used as a backup power source via the second power converter and the third power converter.
  • the power distribution system of the mobile body further includes a fourth power converter connected to the DC intermediate part, an electric motor is connected to an AC end of the fourth power converter, and a propulsion unit is connected to a propulsion shaft of the motor. May be attached.
  • the above configuration can be applied to a mobile electric propulsion system.
  • the power distribution system of the mobile body further includes a fourth power converter connected to the DC intermediate part, A motor generator may be connected to the AC terminal of the fourth power converter, and the main engine and the propeller may be attached to the propulsion shaft of the motor generator.
  • the above configuration can be applied to a hybrid propulsion system for a moving body.
  • the first power command value is a sum of a low frequency component less than a predetermined frequency among the actual values of the second power converter and a low frequency component less than a predetermined frequency among the actual power values of the fourth power converter. May be given.
  • the first power command value is given as the sum of the low frequency component of the actual value of the second power converter and the low frequency component of the actual power value of the fourth power converter.
  • the influence on the first power system caused by the power fluctuation and the rapid load fluctuation of the second power load can be suppressed.
  • the first power command value may give only the low frequency component of the actual power value of the fourth power converter.
  • the fourth power converter is subjected to power control based on a fourth power command value, and the fourth power command value is a rotation speed command value of the motor generator given from a console, and an actual motor generator.
  • the power command value of the motor generator obtained by the rotation speed control based on the deviation from the rotation speed of the motor generator, or the power command value of the motor generator given from the console.
  • the rotational speed control or power control of the motor generator can be performed by the fourth power converter by giving the rotational speed command value or the power command value from the console.
  • the charging rate of the power storage device is calculated based on the actual current value or the actual power value of the third power converter, and is charged and discharged so that the charging rate is within a predetermined range.
  • a charge / discharge correction power command value and a fourth charge / discharge correction power command value are calculated, the first charge / discharge correction power command value is added to the first power command value, and the fourth charge / discharge correction power command value is calculated. May be added to the fourth power command value.
  • the power difference between the first power converter, the second power converter, and the fourth power converter is automatically absorbed by charging / discharging of the power storage device.
  • the SOC State of Charge of the power storage device
  • the power system of the mobile body can be operated with one generator.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a moving body including a power distribution system for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the control device of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the power control unit in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power distribution system of the moving body when the tie breaker of FIG. 1 is opened.
  • FIG. 5 is a droop characteristic line used for droop control of the second power converter during the single operation.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power distribution system of the moving body when the tie breaker of FIG. 1 is closed.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a moving body including a power distribution system for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the control device of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block
  • FIG. 7 is a droop characteristic line used for the droop control of the second power converter during the interconnection operation.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a moving object including the power distribution system for the moving object according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the control device of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of the inside of the control device of FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram schematically showing another example inside the control device of FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a moving object including the power distribution system for the moving object according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a mobile object including a power distribution system 100 for a mobile object according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a mobile power distribution system 100 includes a generator 5, a power load 7, a power conversion device 1, a power storage device 2, an AC bus line 8, and a bus tie breaker. 4, a control device 3, and a propulsion system 200.
  • the generator 5 is a main power source that supplies power to the power load 7.
  • the generator 5 uses the prime mover 6 as a driving force to cover the power used by the moving body. If this power fluctuation is very large, the power supply from the generator 5 may be cut off by an engine trip.
  • the power load 7 includes a first power load 7 a and a second power load 7 b connected to the AC bus line 8.
  • the first power load 7 a is a device that consumes the power supplied from the generator 5.
  • a plurality of first power loads 7a are provided, all of which are devices that do not include a sudden load fluctuation of power.
  • the first power load 7a includes, for example, equipment that operates continuously, such as hotel loads such as ship lighting and air conditioning, and a device that operates in a short time, such as a winch and an engine starter motor of the main engine 70.
  • the 2nd electric power load 7b is an apparatus which consumes electric power, Comprising: For example, it is an apparatus including the load fluctuation
  • including abrupt fluctuation means that the amount of change in consumed power, such as the rate of time change of power, the amplitude of a predetermined frequency component of power, or the amount of power fluctuation in steps, is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. That means. “Does not include sudden fluctuation” means that these are less than a predetermined value.
  • the predetermined value can be determined from the information related to the performance to follow the load variation, which is presented by the engine manufacturer.
  • the AC bus line 8 includes a first bus line 8 a connected to the generator 5, the first power load 7 a and the power converter 1, and a second bus line connected to the second power load 7 b and the power converter 1. This is a power supply path configured by 8b.
  • the first bus line 8 a and the second bus line 8 b are connected or disconnected by the bus tie breaker 4.
  • the bus tie breaker 4 is connected when the second power load 7b is not operating, and is disconnected when the second power load 7b is operating. In the present embodiment, the opening / closing of the bus tie breaker 4 is controlled by the control device 3.
  • the power system connected to the first bus line 8a is referred to as “first power system”, and the power system connected to the second bus line 8b is referred to as “second power system”. That's it.
  • the bus tie breaker 4 connects the first power system (8a) and the second power system (8b) to be openable and closable, and also connects the first power converter 11 and the first power converter 11 to the first power system (8a).
  • a path that is parallel to the power supply path that reaches the second power system (8b) via the second power converter 12 can be configured.
  • the power conversion device 1 has one terminal connected to the first power system (8a) and the other terminal connected to the second power system (8b). Specifically, the power conversion device 1 includes a first power converter 11, a second power converter 12, a third power converter 13, and a direct current intermediate unit 9.
  • the first power converter 11 adjusts the power consumed from the first power system (8a).
  • the first power converter 11 is an AC-DC converter.
  • the AC terminal of the first power converter 11 is connected to the first power system (8 a), and the DC terminal of the first power converter 11 is connected to the DC intermediate unit 9.
  • the second power converter 12 supplies power to the second power system (8b).
  • the second power converter 12 is an AC-DC converter.
  • the direct current end of the second power converter 12 is connected to the direct current intermediate section 9, and the alternating current end of the second power converter 12 is connected to the second power system (8b).
  • the third power converter 13 is a DC / DC converter that controls the power so as to eliminate the unbalance of the power flowing into and out of the direct current intermediate unit 9.
  • One DC terminal of the third power converter 13 is connected to the DC intermediate unit 9, and the other DC terminal of the third power converter 13 is connected to the power storage device 2.
  • the DC intermediate unit 9 is connected to the DC terminal of the first power converter 11, the DC terminal of the second power converter 12, and one DC terminal of the third power converter 13.
  • the power storage device 2 is connected to the other DC terminal of the third power converter 13.
  • the power storage device 2 is composed of, for example, a secondary battery and a capacitor.
  • a secondary battery for example, a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, and a lead storage battery may be used.
  • a capacitor for example, a lithium ion capacitor, an electric double layer capacitor, a nano hybrid capacitor, or a carbon nanotube capacitor may be used.
  • the power distribution system 100 of the present embodiment is applied to a ship equipped with a machine propulsion system (hereinafter also referred to as a machine propulsion ship).
  • the propulsion system 200 includes a main machine 70 as a main drive source of the propulsion device 80.
  • the propulsion device 80 is a marine propeller.
  • the main machine 70 is independent of the generator 5 and is configured to drive the propulsion device 80 only by the thrust of the main machine 70.
  • the configuration of the propulsion system 200A differs depending on the type of ship on which the power distribution system 100A is mounted, and examples include a hybrid ship, an electric propulsion ship, and a shaft generator-equipped mechanical propulsion ship.
  • the control device 3 has a memory and an arithmetic device (both not shown), and controls the power converter 1, the opening / closing of the bus tie breaker 4, the generator 5 and the propulsion system 200.
  • the control device 3 according to the present embodiment controls each element of the moving body according to operation information from the console 40.
  • the control device 3 includes a main control unit 30, a power control unit 31, a droop control unit 32, a charge / discharge control unit 33, and a droop control unit 35. Each of these units is a function realized by executing a program stored in the memory in the arithmetic device.
  • the functions of the power control unit 31, the droop control unit 32, the charge / discharge control unit 33, and the droop control unit 35 are respectively the arithmetic device of the first power converter 11, the arithmetic device of the second power converter 12, You may include in the program of the arithmetic unit of the 3rd power converter 13, and the engine control apparatus of the generator 5.
  • FIG. 1 The functions of the power control unit 31, the droop control unit 32, the charge / discharge control unit 33, and the droop control unit 35 are respectively the arithmetic device of the first power converter 11, the arithmetic device of the second power converter 12, You may include in the program of the arithmetic unit of the 3rd power converter 13, and the engine control apparatus of the generator 5.
  • the main control unit 30 selects the operation mode of the propulsion system 200 based on, for example, operation information indicating the position of the lever input from a lever provided on the console 40, and activates / stops the components of the propulsion system 200. .
  • the main control unit 30 generates an open / close command for the bus tie breaker 4 according to the operation mode of the moving body, but the bus tie breaker 4 may be opened / closed directly by the driver, for example.
  • the main control part 30 may start and stop the generator 5, and may be started and stopped from a power management system.
  • the power management system adjusts the droop characteristic line in the droop control described later and manages the actual power value of the power converter.
  • the power control unit 31 determines the power to be converted by the first power converter 11.
  • the 1st power converter 11 is controlled so that it may become 1 electric power command value.
  • the power control unit 31 includes a filter 311 (see the block diagram in FIG. 3).
  • the filter 311 is a low-pass filter or a moving average filter having a constant time constant.
  • the actual power value of the second power converter 12 is input from the main control unit 30, and the filter 311 passes only low frequency components less than a predetermined frequency among the actual power values of the second power converter 12, It outputs to the 1st power converter 11 as 1 electric power command value.
  • the droop control unit 32 performs the droop control on the second power converter 12.
  • the “droop control” is control in which the second power converter 12 has characteristics corresponding to the generator by building a governor model for controlling the generator inside the control device 3.
  • the second power converter 12 having characteristics corresponding to a generator, it is possible to seamlessly switch between independent operation and grid interconnection operation. Since “droop control” is a well-known technique, detailed description thereof is omitted. Refer to “G. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Marina & E. Gatti,“ Large Power PWM IGBT Converter for Shaft Alternator Systems ”, 35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, for details.
  • the frequency of the power system and the power (active power) exchanged with the power system by the second power converter 12 are detected by the respective sensors (not shown) and the droop control is performed. It is input to the unit 32 and used for these controls in the droop control.
  • the charge / discharge control unit 33 monitors the voltage of the DC intermediate unit 9 based on sensor data from a voltage sensor and a current sensor (not shown) in the third power converter 13, and the voltage of the DC intermediate unit 9 is The charge / discharge control of the power storage device 2 is performed so as to be a constant value.
  • the charge / discharge control unit 33 controls the charge / discharge of the power storage device 2 by the third power converter 13 in accordance with the change in the voltage of the direct current intermediate unit 9. As a result, the power storage device 2 absorbs the difference between the power flowing into the DC intermediate unit 9 and the power flowing out from the DC intermediate unit 9.
  • the droop control unit 35 detects active power, obtains a frequency target value based on the droop characteristic, and controls the rotational speed of the prime mover (engine, turbine, etc.) of the generator 5.
  • the speed of following the frequency fluctuation to the load fluctuation is determined by mechanical characteristics such as the inertia of the generator.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the power distribution system 100 of the moving body when the bus tie breaker 4 is opened. As shown in FIG. 4, the bus tie breaker 4 is in a disconnected state between the first power system (8a) and the second power system (8b).
  • first power system (8a) power is directly supplied from the generator 5 to the first power load 7a, but the second power system (8b) is separated from the first power system (8a). Power is supplied to the second power load 7b from the one power system (8a) via the first power converter 11 and the second power converter 12.
  • the power supplied to the second power system (8b) through the second power converter 12 changes according to the operating condition of the second power load 7b, and accordingly, the power of the second power system (8b) is changed.
  • the frequency also changes.
  • the second power converter 12 is droop-controlled by the droop control unit 32 (see FIG. 2).
  • FIG. 5 is a droop characteristic line used for the droop control of the second power converter 12 during the single operation. As shown in FIG.
  • the droop characteristic is a relationship between active power (positive during power generation) and the system frequency, and is set such that the system frequency decreases as the active power increases.
  • the droop rate is defined as the difference between the frequency at the rated load and the frequency at no load divided by the rated frequency. Usually, the droop rate is set to the same value for each power source, but may be set to a different value as necessary.
  • the droop control unit 32 performs the droop control on the second power converter 12 so as to be one point on the droop characteristic line indicating the relationship between the frequency of the second power system (8b) and the actual power value of the second power converter 12. .
  • FIG. 5A is a droop characteristic line set in the steady state of the second power converter 12.
  • the droop characteristic line has a frequency corresponding to P1 as the standard frequency. (Frequency target value) is set so as to be Fs (a line passing through the x mark in the figure).
  • FIG. 5 (b) shows a droop characteristic line when a sudden load fluctuation occurs in the second electric power load 7b (for example, a crane).
  • the 2nd power converter 12 reduces the frequency of a 2nd electric power grid
  • the power management system adjusts the droop characteristic line so as to return the lowered frequency of the second power system (8b) to the standard frequency Fs that is the target value (in the direction of the arrow in (2)).
  • FIG. 5C is a droop characteristic line of the second power converter 12 newly set by adjustment from the power management system.
  • the new droop characteristic line is set so that the frequency corresponding to P2 becomes the standard frequency (frequency target value) Fs.
  • the second power converter 12 since the second power converter 12 is droop-controlled, the second power converter 12 operates independently. Sometimes it can function like a generator. Thereby, the electric power supply to the 2nd electric power load 7b can be continued.
  • load fluctuation does not become a problem unlike an engine generator.
  • the first power converter 11 adjusts the power consumed from the first power system (8a). Specifically, since the first power converter 11 is controlled based on the first power command value given by the low frequency component less than the predetermined frequency among the actual power values of the second power converter 12, the predetermined frequency Less than low frequency component power fluctuations appear as load fluctuations in the first power system, and power fluctuations of frequency components above a predetermined frequency are absorbed by the power storage device 2. Thereby, the load fluctuation seen from the generator 5 is suppressed and the trip of the generator 5 by the sudden load fluctuation can be prevented.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the power distribution system 100 of the moving body when the bus tie breaker 4 is closed.
  • the first power system (8 a) and the second power system (8 b) are connected by the bus tie breaker 4.
  • route from a 1st power system (8a) to the 2nd power system (8b) via the 1st power converter 11 and the 2nd power converter 12 is formed.
  • a case where the bus tie breaker 4 is closed and the second power converter 12 is operated in conjunction with the generator 5 is referred to as a linked operation.
  • the power load sharing ratio of the generator or the power converter that is connected can be controlled.
  • the “first power system” and the “second power system” are not distinguished and are simply referred to as “power system”.
  • the “second power load 7b” is not operated during the interconnected operation, the “first power load 7a” and the “second power load 7b” are not distinguished from each other and are simply referred to as “power loads”.
  • FIG. 7 is a droop characteristic line used for droop control of the second power converter 12 and the generator 5 during the interconnection operation.
  • the second power converter 12 is droop-controlled so as to be one point on the droop characteristic line indicating the relationship between the frequency of the power system and the actual power value of the second power converter 12.
  • the generator 5 is also droop-controlled so as to be one point on the droop characteristic line.
  • FIG. 7A is a droop characteristic line set in the steady state of the second power converter 12 and the generator 5.
  • the droop characteristic line of the second power converter 12 indicates the standard frequency (frequency target) of the power system so that the second power converter 12 does not give power to the power system in a steady state. Value
  • the electric power command value is set to 0 kW with respect to Fs (x mark on the straight line).
  • the droop characteristic line of the generator 5 is set to the power command value Pc1 with respect to the standard frequency (frequency target value) Fs of the power system so that the generator 5 gives power to the power system in a steady state. (X on the straight line).
  • FIG. 7B shows a droop characteristic line when a load change occurs in the power load 7.
  • the power load is reduced from Pc1 to Pc2.
  • the respective operating points change according to the droop characteristic line so that the sum of the generated power of the generator 5 and the generated power of the power converter 12 becomes Pc2.
  • the frequency increases, and the operating point of the second power converter 12 moves to the mark (1) on the straight line. In this case, the power converter 12 consumes power from the power system.
  • the speed of following the frequency fluctuation to the load fluctuation is determined by mechanical characteristics such as the inertia of the generator and the operating characteristics of the power converter. Thereafter, the power management system adjusts each droop characteristic line so that the frequency of the raised power system is returned to the standard frequency Fs and the power of the power converter 12 is returned to 0 kW (in the direction of the arrow in (2)).
  • FIG. 7C is a droop characteristic line of the newly set second power converter 12 and generator 5.
  • the droop characteristic line of the second power converter 12 changes transiently
  • the droop characteristic line of the second power converter 12 returns to the original operating point.
  • Power command value (0 kW) system frequency is the standard frequency Fs.
  • the generator 5 bears 100% of the load power consumption (Pc2).
  • Pc2 load power consumption
  • the second power converter operates in conjunction with the generator 5 by droop control, even if the generator 5 fails, power can be supplied to the power load 7. Because it can, it will not lead to a power outage. In this case, the power converter 12 is operated alone, and necessary power can be supplied from the power storage device 2.
  • the power supply path to the power load 7 is switched by the bus tie breaker 4, regardless of whether or not the power load 7 having a sudden change is operated.
  • One machine can operate the power system of a mobile unit.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a mobile object including a power distribution system for a mobile object according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power distribution system 100A is different from the first embodiment (FIG. 1) in that it is applied to a ship equipped with an electric propulsion system.
  • the power conversion device 1 ⁇ / b> A further includes a fourth power converter 14 connected to the DC intermediate unit 9, and the propulsion system 200 ⁇ / b> A includes a motor generator 90 connected to the AC terminal of the fourth power converter 14.
  • a propulsion device 80 attached to the propulsion shaft of the motor generator 90 via a reduction gear 60.
  • the motor generator 90 functions as a main drive source of the propulsion device 80.
  • the motor generator 90 receives electric power from the generator 5 connected to the bus line 8 via the first power converter 11 and the fourth power converter 14 to generate driving force, which is supplied to the propulsion device 80.
  • the propulsor 80 is driven by giving.
  • the motor generator 90 operates exclusively as an electric motor, but may operate as a generator.
  • the first power converter 11 is power-controlled based on the first power command value
  • the fourth power converter 14 is power-controlled based on the fourth power command value.
  • 3 A of control apparatuses are provided with the power control part 34 which controls the 4th power converter 14 with the power control part 31 which controls the 1st power converter 11 (refer the block diagram of FIG. 9).
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of the inside of the control device 3A.
  • the power control unit 31 of the first power converter 11 includes a first filter 311, a second filter 312, and an adder 313.
  • the first filter 311 is a low-pass filter or a moving average filter having a constant time constant.
  • the actual power value of the second power converter 12 is input to the first filter 311 from the main control unit (30).
  • the first filter 311 passes only a low frequency component having a frequency less than a predetermined frequency among the actual power values of the second power converter 12 and outputs this to the adder 313.
  • the second filter 312 is a low-pass filter or a moving average filter having a constant time constant.
  • the actual power value of the fourth power converter 14 is input to the second filter from the power management system.
  • the second filter 312 passes only the low frequency component below the predetermined frequency among the actual power values of the fourth power converter 14 and outputs this to the adder 313.
  • the adder 313 adds the low frequency component of the actual value of the second power converter 12 and the low frequency component of the actual power value of the fourth power converter 14, and uses this as the first power command value for the first power conversion.
  • the time constant of the first filter 311 and the time constant of the second filter 312 may be the same or different.
  • the first power command value is a low frequency component of the actual value of the second power converter 12 and a low frequency component of the actual power value of the fourth power converter 14. Therefore, for example, the influence on the first power system (8a) caused by the power fluctuation of the motor generator 90 and the sudden load fluctuation of the second power load 7b can be suppressed.
  • the low frequency component of the actual power value of the fourth power converter 14 may be used as the first power command value.
  • the main control unit 30 includes a first lookup table 301 and a second lookup table 302.
  • the first look-up table 301 is input with operation information (for example, a power saving command) indicating the position of the lever input from the lever provided on the console 40.
  • operation information for example, a power saving command
  • a power command value of the motor generator 90 corresponding to the lever position of the console 40 is stored in advance, and the motor generator 90 corresponding to the lever position corresponding to the input operation information is stored.
  • a power command value is set and output to the power control unit 34 of the fourth power converter 14.
  • the second look-up table 302 is input with operation information (for example, speed command) indicating the position of the lever input from the lever provided on the console 40.
  • operation information for example, speed command
  • the rotational speed command value of the motor generator 90 corresponding to the lever position of the console 40 is stored in advance, and the motor generator 90 corresponding to the lever position according to the input operation information. Is set to the power controller 34 of the fourth power converter 14.
  • the power control unit 34 of the fourth power converter 14 includes an adder / subtractor 341, a PID control unit 342, and a changeover switch 343.
  • the adder / subtractor 341 subtracts the actual rotational speed input from the rotational speed detection means (not shown) from the rotational speed command value of the motor generator 90 input from the second look-up table 302, and subtracts this.
  • the data is output to the PID control unit 342.
  • the PID control unit 342 generates a power command value for the motor generator 90 by performing proportional processing, integration processing, and differentiation processing on the deviation between the input rotation speed command value and the actual rotation speed of the motor generator 90, This is output to the changeover switch 343.
  • the integration process and the differentiation process may be omitted.
  • the changeover switch 343 selects either the power command value of the motor generator 90 set from the first look-up table 301 or the power command value of the motor generator 90 generated by the PID control unit 342 as the fourth power command value. Is output to the fourth power converter 14.
  • the changeover switch 343 can be operated by a changeover command from the main control unit 30. Further, there may be a propulsion system in which the changeover switch 343 does not exist and only one of the motor generator power command value and the motor generator rotation speed command value is used.
  • the fourth power command value is obtained by the motor generator 90 obtained by the rotation speed control based on the deviation between the motor speed command value of the motor generator 90 given from the console 40 and the actual motor speed of the motor generator 90. Since it is the power command value or the power command value of the motor generator 90 given from the console 40, the fourth power converter 14 is provided by giving the rotation speed command value or the power command value from the console 40. Thus, the rotational speed control or power control of the motor generator 90 can be performed.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram schematically showing another example inside the control device 3A.
  • the control device 3A includes an SOC calculation unit 411, a charge / discharge power command value calculation unit 412, a power distribution calculation unit 413, an adder 414, and an adder 415.
  • the actual current value or actual power value of the third power converter 13 is input to the SOC calculation unit 411 from the power management system.
  • the SOC calculation unit 411 calculates the charging rate of the power storage device 2 based on the actual current value of the third power converter 13 or the actual power value, and outputs this to the charge / discharge power command value calculation unit 412.
  • the charge / discharge power command value calculation unit 412 calculates a charge / discharge power command value based on the charge rate of the power storage device 2 and outputs this to the power distribution calculation unit 413.
  • the power distribution calculation unit 413 Based on the charge / discharge power command value, the power distribution calculation unit 413 performs charge / discharge so that the charge rate falls within a predetermined range, and the first charge / discharge correction power command value and the fourth charge / discharge correction power.
  • the command value is calculated, the first charge / discharge correction power command value is output to the adder 414, and the fourth charge / discharge correction power command value is output to the adder 415.
  • the adder 414 adds the first charge / discharge correction power command value to the first power command value, and outputs this to the first power converter 11.
  • the first power command value is the sum of the low frequency component of the actual value of the second power converter 12 and the low frequency component of the actual power value of the fourth power converter 14 (output value of the adder 313 in FIG. 10). Or a predetermined value may be used.
  • the adder 415 adds the fourth charge / discharge correction power command value to the fourth power command value, and outputs this to the fourth power converter 14.
  • the fourth power command value may be a rotation speed command value from the console 40 or a value obtained from the power command value (an output value of the changeover switch 343 in FIG. 10), or may be a predetermined value. Also good.
  • the power storage device 2 is added by adding the first charge / discharge correction power command value and the fourth charge / discharge correction power command value based on the actual value of the third power converter 13. SOC control can be realized.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a mobile object including a mobile power distribution system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power distribution system 100B is different from the first embodiment (FIG. 1) in that it is applied to a ship equipped with a hybrid type propulsion system.
  • the power converter 1 ⁇ / b> A further includes a fourth power converter 14 connected to the DC intermediate unit 9, and the propulsion system 200 ⁇ / b> B includes a motor generator 90 connected to the AC terminal of the fourth power converter 14.
  • a main unit 70 and a propulsion unit 80 which are attached to the propulsion shaft of the motor generator 90 via a reduction gear 60.
  • the main engine 70 functions as a main drive source of the propulsion device 80
  • the motor generator 90 functions as an auxiliary drive source of the propulsion device 80.
  • the motor generator 90 receives electric power from the generator 5 connected to the bus line 8 via the first power converter 11 and the fourth power converter 14 to generate driving force, which is supplied to the propulsion device 80.
  • the motor generator 90 receives power from the main machine 70 to generate power, and gives it to the bus line 8 via the fourth power converter 14 and the first power converter 11 to thereby generate a bus by the generator 5.
  • the generator 5 may be stopped and the motor generator 90 may be the main power source.
  • the “moving body” is a ship, but is not particularly limited, and may be a vehicle (railway vehicle, automobile, etc.) or an airplane as long as it moves.
  • the “propulsion device” is a marine propeller, but is not particularly limited, and may be a wheel or a propeller for flight as long as it propels a moving body.
  • the present invention is useful for a power system of a moving body such as a ship.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de distribution de puissance dans un corps mobile, comprenant un premier système de puissance connecté à un générateur d'énergie et une première charge de puissance dans laquelle l'amplitude de fluctuation de puissance est inférieure à une valeur prescrite, un deuxième système de puissance connecté à une deuxième charge de puissance dans laquelle l'amplitude de fluctuation peut atteindre ou dépasser la valeur prescrite, un premier convertisseur de puissance, un deuxième convertisseur de puissance, un troisième convertisseur de puissance et un disjoncteur de transfert entre barres-bus. Lorsque la deuxième charge de puissance n'est pas en fonctionnement, le disjoncteur de transfert entre barres-bus se trouve dans un état connecté, et lorsque la deuxième charge de puissance est en fonctionnement, le disjoncteur de transfert entre barres-bus se trouve dans un état de coupure. Le premier convertisseur de puissance est commandé sur la base d'une première valeur d'instruction de puissance donnée par une composante à basse fréquence, au-dessous d'une fréquence prescrite, de la valeur de puissance réelle du deuxième convertisseur de puissance. Le deuxième convertisseur de puissance est commandé par le statisme. La puissance du troisième convertisseur de puissance est commandée de manière à corriger le déséquilibre de puissance qui s'écoule vers l'intérieur et vers l'extérieur d'une partie intermédiaire à courant continu.
PCT/JP2018/001961 2017-01-31 2018-01-23 Système de distribution de puissance dans un corps mobile WO2018143013A1 (fr)

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JP6987291B1 (ja) * 2021-07-28 2021-12-22 東京瓦斯株式会社 充放電制御装置、充放電制御プログラム
JP6987292B1 (ja) * 2021-07-28 2021-12-22 東京瓦斯株式会社 充放電制御装置、充放電制御プログラム
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CN110249494A (zh) 2019-09-17
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TW201841449A (zh) 2018-11-16
JP6838979B2 (ja) 2021-03-03
TWI661635B (zh) 2019-06-01

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