WO2018139508A1 - Turbine et pompe à sang - Google Patents

Turbine et pompe à sang Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018139508A1
WO2018139508A1 PCT/JP2018/002195 JP2018002195W WO2018139508A1 WO 2018139508 A1 WO2018139508 A1 WO 2018139508A1 JP 2018002195 W JP2018002195 W JP 2018002195W WO 2018139508 A1 WO2018139508 A1 WO 2018139508A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impeller
blades
blade
hub
fluid force
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/002195
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
森武寿
畑優
野尻利彦
Original Assignee
テルモ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by テルモ株式会社 filed Critical テルモ株式会社
Priority to JP2018564612A priority Critical patent/JP7150617B2/ja
Publication of WO2018139508A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018139508A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A61M60/226—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly radial components
    • A61M60/232—Centrifugal pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/165—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart
    • A61M60/178—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/408—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable
    • A61M60/411—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor
    • A61M60/416—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor transmitted directly by the motor rotor drive shaft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/804—Impellers
    • A61M60/806—Vanes or blades
    • A61M60/808—Vanes or blades specially adapted for deformable impellers, e.g. expandable impellers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a deformable impeller and a blood pump including the same.
  • Heart failure is a condition in which the blood volume necessary for metabolism in the whole body tissue cannot be ejected from the heart due to a decrease in cardiac function. When cardiac function is significantly reduced, it is necessary to assist cardiac output.
  • blood pumps auxiliary pumps
  • US Pat. No. 7,393,181 discloses an expandable impeller as an impeller for a fluid pump.
  • the impeller includes a hub and a plurality of blades supported by the hub, the deployed state in which the blades extend away from the hub, the blades are radially compressed, and the distal end of the blade moves toward the hub. Storage form.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide an impeller capable of effectively improving pump performance and a blood pump including the impeller.
  • the present invention provides an impeller having a hub that is rotationally driven and a plurality of blades made of an elastic body that extends radially from the hub, and each of the plurality of blades includes: The radial length of each of the plurality of blades changes according to the fluid force during rotation, and the radial length increases as the fluid force increases.
  • the radial direction length of the blade increases as the fluid force increases during rotation. Therefore, an arbitrary characteristic curve can be designed by adjusting the fluid force and rigidity applied to the blade. It is possible to improve the pump performance.
  • the present invention also provides an impeller having a hub that is driven to rotate and a plurality of blades made of an elastic body extending radially from the hub, each of the blades depending on a fluid force during rotation.
  • the length along the axial direction of each of the plurality of blades is changed, and as the fluid force increases, the change in the angle formed between the rotating shaft and the base end of the blade increases. It has the shape which becomes.
  • the impeller of the present invention having the above configuration, since the axial length of the blade changes as the fluid force increases during rotation, the pressure difference generated between the front surface and the back surface of the blade with respect to the flow is reduced. Thus, the occurrence of cavitation can be suppressed and the pump performance can be further improved.
  • Each of the plurality of blades may have an arcuate curved shape when viewed from the axial direction.
  • the curvature of the curved shape decreases as the fluid force increases, so that the radial length of the blade can be continuously changed according to the fluid force, and an arbitrary characteristic curve can be easily designed. It becomes possible.
  • Each of the plurality of blades may have a concave shape on the surface on the rotation direction side.
  • Each of the plurality of blades may deform the entire blade according to the fluid force.
  • the curvature of the curved shape may be constant from an inner end that is a connection portion with the hub to an outer end that is farthest from the hub.
  • Each of the plurality of blades may have a constant thickness from an inner end that is a connection portion with the hub to an outer end that is farthest from the hub.
  • each of the plurality of blades may vary from an inner end that is a connection portion with the hub to an outer end that is farthest from the hub.
  • the area of the blade in contact with the flow is increased by changing the radial length of the blade with respect to the axial direction according to the fluid force, so that the pump performance can be effectively improved. it can.
  • Each of the plurality of blades is configured such that the length along the axial direction of the plurality of blades changes according to the fluid force during rotation, and as the fluid force increases, the rotation shaft and the blade It may have a shape in which the change in the angle formed at the base end of the is large.
  • the axial length of the blade changes according to the fluid force during rotation, the occurrence of cavitation can be suppressed by reducing the pressure difference generated between the front surface and the back surface of the blade with respect to the flow. As a result, the pump performance can be further improved.
  • the impeller may be an impeller for a centrifugal pump.
  • the present invention is particularly useful when applied to an impeller for a centrifugal pump.
  • the present invention is a blood pump including an impeller having a hub that is driven to rotate and a plurality of blades made of an elastic body extending radially from the hub, wherein each of the plurality of blades is rotated.
  • the radial length of each of the plurality of blades is sometimes changed according to the fluid force, and the radial length increases as the fluid force increases. To do.
  • the present invention is also a blood pump having a hub that is rotationally driven and a plurality of blades made of an elastic body extending radially from the hub, wherein each of the plurality of blades is subjected to fluid force during rotation. Accordingly, the length along the axial direction of the plurality of blades is changed, and the change in the angle formed between the rotating shaft and the base end of the blade increases as the fluid force increases. It has a shape.
  • FIG. 9A is a side view of another embodiment of the impeller
  • FIG. 9B is a view of the impeller blades (before deformation) viewed from the outside in the radial direction
  • FIG. 9C is the impeller blades (after deformation). ) From the outside in the radial direction. It is a side view of the impeller of another form.
  • a blood pump 10 according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is inserted percutaneously into the heart of a patient whose cardiac function has been significantly reduced, such as heart failure, and is used to assist cardiac output.
  • the blood pump 10 includes an impeller 12, a hollow cylindrical housing 14 surrounding the impeller 12, a drive shaft 16 that rotationally drives the impeller 12, a catheter 18 through which the drive shaft 16 is inserted, and a sheath through which the catheter 18 is inserted. 20.
  • the blood pump 10 is a long device having flexibility as a whole.
  • the impeller 12 includes a hub 22 that forms the center of the impeller 12 and a blade structure 23 provided on the hub 22, and is configured to be elastically deformable.
  • the impeller 12 is made of an elastic body, and is configured such that a plurality of blades 26 constituting the blade structure 23 are twisted and folded while falling in the axial direction.
  • the elastic body constituting the impeller 12 includes various rubber materials such as natural rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, olefin, and styrene.
  • Metal having elasticity such as titanium and rubber metal, carbon fiber and the like.
  • the blades 26 do not have to be configured with the same material and the same hardness, and the rigidity may be adjusted by changing the material, the hardness, and the like depending on the part. In the impeller 12, it is desirable that the hub 22 and the plurality of blades 26 are integrally formed, but the hub 22 and the blades 26 may not be made of the same material.
  • the impeller 12 is configured to deflect the axial flow in the radial direction. Therefore, the blood pump 10 according to the present embodiment is configured as a centrifugal pump.
  • the blood pump 10 may be configured as an axial flow pump in which the flow discharged by the impeller 12 is parallel to the axial direction, or a mixed flow pump in which the flow discharged by the impeller 12 is inclined with respect to the axial direction.
  • the hub 22 is connected and fixed to the distal end portion 16a of the drive shaft 16, and is driven to rotate about the axis a by the drive shaft 16.
  • axis a of the impeller 12 since the axis of the impeller 12 coincides with the axis a of the hub 22, it may be hereinafter referred to as “axis a of the impeller 12”.
  • the hub 22 has a portion that narrows toward the tip side (the outer diameter decreases). More specifically, the hub 22 has a base 22a having a constant outer diameter along the axial direction (straight), and extends from the tip of the base 22a in the tip direction and becomes narrower toward the tip (outer shape).
  • the tip portion 22c of the tapered portion 22b is formed in a round shape. That is, the distal end portion 22c of the tapered portion 22b has a curved shape that bulges in the distal end direction.
  • the blade structure 23 has a plurality of blades 26 in the axial direction, and a plurality of blades 26 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction in each step.
  • a blade row 25 is constituted by a plurality of blades 26 in each stage. That is, the blade structure 23 includes a plurality of blade rows 25 (two in this embodiment) in the axial direction.
  • the blade row 25 disposed relatively on the distal end side is also referred to as “front end side blade row 25A”
  • the blade row 25 disposed relatively on the proximal end side is referred to as “base end side blade row”. Also referred to as “25B”.
  • each blade row 25A, 25B the blades 26 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (90 ° intervals in this embodiment).
  • the blades 26 may be arranged at equal intervals.
  • the blade row 25 may be composed of two or more blades 26, and the blade row 25A and the blade row 25B may have different numbers of blades.
  • the blade structure 23 may have three or more blade rows 25 in the axial direction.
  • the blade structure 23 may have only one blade row 25 in the axial direction.
  • the plurality of blade rows 25 (blade 26) includes not only the case where the axial positions are completely different, but also the case where the axial positions of the blades 26 partially overlap.
  • Each blade 26 is configured such that the radial length of each of the plurality of blades 26 (the diameter of the impeller 12 / the diameter of the blade row 25) changes according to the fluid force (fluid pressure) during rotation. It has a shape that is bent so that the radial direction length increases as the physical strength increases.
  • the unfolded blade 26 (blade row 25) has a minimum diameter D1 when the flow rate is zero (when the impeller is stopped) or when the flow rate is low (when the high head is generated), and when the flow rate is high (maximum). At the flow rate).
  • the blades 26 (blade row 25) have a diameter between the minimum diameter D1 and the maximum diameter D2 at a medium flow rate.
  • the blades 26a of the front-end blade row 25A are positioned on the rotational direction (arrow R direction) side of the impeller 12 relative to the blades 26b of the proximal-side blade row 25B.
  • the blades 26a constituting the tip-side blade row 25A are configured such that the diameter of the tip-side blade row 25A changes according to the fluid force when rotating, and bend so that the diameter increases as the fluid force increases. Have a different shape.
  • Each blade 26a of the tip side blade row 25A has an arcuate curved shape when viewed from the axial direction.
  • Each blade 26a has a concave shape on the surface on the rotational direction side and a convex shape on the surface on the opposite side to the rotational direction.
  • each blade 26a is curved in an arc shape when viewed from the axial direction. That is, each blade 26 a has a curved curvature that is substantially constant from the inner end, which is a connecting portion with the hub 22, to the outer end that is farthest from the hub 22.
  • wing 26a may have the shape (V shape) bent in the radial direction intermediate part seeing from the axial direction.
  • the tip-side blade row 25A is provided on the taper portion 22b of the hub 22 (projects from the taper portion 22b).
  • Each blade 26a constituting the tip-side blade row 25A has a triangular shape or a trapezoidal shape whose axial length decreases toward the radially outer side of the impeller 12.
  • the leading edge 28 of each blade 26a is displaced in the proximal direction toward the radially outer side.
  • the blade row 25A is configured to be easily folded, but if the axial length L2 is sufficiently short, the distal edge 28 may increase in the proximal direction toward the radially outer side, Moreover, it does not need to be displaced.
  • each blade 26 a extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis a of the impeller 12.
  • the base end edge portion 29 of each blade 26 a may be inclined toward the front end side or the base end side with respect to the axis a of the impeller 12.
  • the tip portion 22at of each blade 26a protrudes from the tip portion of the hub 22 in the tip direction.
  • the tip 22at of each blade 26a constitutes the radially inner end of each blade 26a.
  • a space 30 is formed between the tip portions 22at of the plurality of blades 26a.
  • the space 30 is formed on the distal end side of the distal end portion 22 c of the hub 22.
  • the axial length L1 of the connecting portion 27 between the hub 22 and the blade row 25A (each blade 26a) is equal to the axial length L2 (maximum axial length) of the blade row 25A (each blade 26a). Is shorter than The axial length L1 may be the same length as the axial length L2. In this case, the space 30 is not formed.
  • the base end blade row 25B is provided on the base portion 22a of the hub 22 (projects from the base portion 22a). As shown in FIG. 4, when viewed from the axial direction of the impeller 12, the plurality of blades 26b constituting the plurality of proximal-side blade rows 25B are respectively disposed between the plurality of blades 26a constituting the distal-side blade row 25A. ing. In addition, the blade
  • Each blade 26b constituting the base end side blade row 25B is configured such that the diameter of the base end side blade row 25B changes according to the fluid force during rotation, and the diameter increases as the fluid force increases. It has a bent shape.
  • Each blade 26b of the base end side blade row 25B has an arcuate curved shape when viewed from the axial direction.
  • Each blade 26b has a concave shape on the surface on the rotation direction side and a convex shape on the surface on the opposite side to the rotation direction.
  • each blade 26b is curved in an arc shape when viewed from the axial direction.
  • each blade 26 b has a substantially curved curvature from the inner end, which is a connection portion with the hub 22, to the outer end farthest from the hub 22.
  • wing 26b may have the shape (V shape) bent in the radial direction intermediate part seeing from the axial direction.
  • each blade 26 b has a shape in which the axial length is substantially constant toward the radially outer side of the impeller 12, except for the radially inner end 34 which is a connecting portion with the hub 22.
  • Each blade 26b has a rectangular shape having a long axis along the radial direction. Each blade 26b may decrease or increase in axial length toward the radially outer side of the impeller 12.
  • each blade 26b constituting the proximal end blade row 25B extend in a direction perpendicular to the axis a of the impeller 12.
  • the leading edge 31 of the blade 26b and the base edge 32 of the blade 26b are substantially parallel.
  • the distal end edge 31 and the proximal end edge 32 of the blade 26 b may be inclined toward the distal end side or the proximal end side with respect to the axis a of the impeller 12.
  • the leading edge 31 of the blade 26b and the proximal edge 32 of the blade 26b may be non-parallel.
  • a notch 36 is provided at the radially inner end 34 (connecting portion with the hub 22) of each blade 26 b. For this reason, the axial length L3 of the radially inner end 34 of each blade 26b is shorter than the axial length L4 (maximum axial length) of the other portion of the blade 26b. Specifically, the notch 36 is provided at the proximal end of the radially inner end 34 of each blade 26b.
  • the plurality of blades 26 constituting the blade structure 23 are configured to be foldable by being twisted in the distal direction. Specifically, the plurality of blades 26a constituting the tip-side blade row 25A are twisted and folded in the tip direction. The plurality of blades 26b constituting the proximal-side blade row 25B are twisted and folded between the blades 26a of the distal-side blade row 25A.
  • each blade 26 a of the tip-side blade row 25 ⁇ / b> A has a constant thickness T ⁇ b> 1 from the inner end, which is a connection portion with the hub 22, to the outer end farthest from the hub 22.
  • Each blade 26b of the base end blade row 25B has a constant thickness T2 from the inner end to the outer end.
  • the thickness T1 of the blade 26a of the distal-side blade row 25A and the thickness T2 of the blade 26b of the proximal-side blade row 25B are substantially the same. It should be noted that the thickness T1 of the blade 26a and the thickness T2 of the blade 26b may be different. Further, the thicknesses T1 and T2 may change in the radial direction or the axial direction.
  • the size (blade area) of the blade 26a viewed from the thickness direction of the blade 26a is larger than the size (blade area) of the blade 26b viewed from the thickness direction of the blade 26b.
  • the size (blade area) of the blade 26a viewed from the thickness direction of the blade 26a may be the same as or smaller than the size (blade area) of the blade 26b viewed from the thickness direction of the blade 26b. .
  • the housing 14 is elastically deformable and is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape having a distal end opening 14a and a proximal end opening 14b.
  • the distal end opening 14a is a blood inflow port
  • the proximal end opening 14b is a blood outflow port.
  • the impeller 12 is rotatably disposed in the base end portion 14 c of the housing 14.
  • the base end portion 14 c of the housing 14 has an annular bulging portion 14 d surrounding the impeller 12.
  • the housing 14 is made of, for example, the same rubber material (or elastomer material) as the constituent material of the impeller 12.
  • the housing 14 is composed of a skeleton made of a metal (or a resin material) such as a shape memory alloy having excellent shape restoring force, such as a stent graft, and a soft hollow cylindrical peripheral wall member attached to the skeleton. Also good.
  • the housing 14 when the housing 14 is housed in the sheath 20, the housing 14 is in a contracted state by restricting expansion outward in the radial direction, and the plurality of blades 26 of the impeller 12 are disposed. Press inward in the radial direction. Thereby, the some blade
  • the sheath 20 When the housing 14 is exposed to the outside of the sheath 20, the sheath 20 expands in the radial direction by its elastic restoring force, and is restored to a predetermined shape as shown in FIG. As the sheath 20 expands, the impeller 12 is also restored to a predetermined shape in which the plurality of blades 26 protrude radially by its elastic restoring force.
  • a flexible tip member 42 is connected to the tip of the housing 14 via a plurality of connecting members 40 arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of connecting members 40 support the flexible tip member 42.
  • the tip of the flexible tip member 42 is curved.
  • a space 41 is formed between the plurality of connecting members 40, and blood can flow into the housing 14 from the tip opening 14 a through the space 41.
  • the proximal end portion 14c of the housing 14 and the distal end portion of the catheter 18 are connected by a plurality of connecting members 44 arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of connecting members 44 support the housing 14.
  • a space 45 is formed between the plurality of connecting members 44, and blood flowing out from the proximal end opening 14 b of the housing 14 can flow in the proximal direction through the space 45.
  • the drive shaft 16 is inserted into the catheter 18.
  • the distal end portion 16a of the drive shaft 16 projects from the distal end of the catheter 18, and the hub 22 of the impeller 12 is connected to the projected distal end portion 16a.
  • the drive shaft 16 is rotatably supported by a bearing portion 46 disposed at the distal end portion of the catheter 18.
  • the drive shaft 16 and the catheter 18 extend to the proximal end side of the blood pump 10, and both are long members having flexibility.
  • the drive shaft 16 is connected to an actuator (motor or the like) on the base end side (hand side) of the blood pump 10 and is driven to rotate by the actuator.
  • the sheath 20 is a flexible long tubular member that extends to the proximal end side of the blood pump 10, and the catheter 18 is inserted into the sheath 20.
  • the catheter 18 and the sheath 20 can be relatively displaced in the axial direction. Therefore, the impeller 12 and the housing 14 can be displaced relative to the sheath 20 in the axial direction.
  • the impeller 12 and the housing 14 move in the proximal direction with respect to the sheath 20, the impeller 12 and the housing 14 are accommodated in the sheath 20 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the impeller 12 is pressed radially inward by the sheath 20 through the housing 14 and elastically deformed and folded in the distal direction.
  • the blades 26b of the proximal-side blade row 25B are twisted while falling in the distal direction, and are folded between the blades 26a of the distal-side blade row 25A.
  • the blades 26a of the tip side blade row 25A are twisted and folded while falling in the tip direction.
  • the blood pump 10 is inserted, for example, from an artery of a patient's leg (thigh) whose cardiac function has deteriorated. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the distal end portion 10a of the blood pump 10 is delivered to the vicinity of the aortic valve 48b via the aorta 48a. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the impeller 12 and the housing 14 are housed in the sheath 20 and are in a contracted state, and the outer diameter of the distal end portion 10a of the blood pump 10 is sufficiently small.
  • the tip portion 10a of the pump 10 can be easily delivered to a predetermined position in the living body.
  • the distal end portion 10a of the blood pump 10 is then inserted into the heart 48 (inside the left ventricle 48c).
  • the catheter 18 is moved in the distal direction with respect to the sheath 20, and the impeller 12 and the housing 14 are exposed to the distal side of the sheath 20 as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the distal end opening 14a that is the inflow port of the housing 14 is disposed in the left ventricle 48c
  • the proximal end opening 14b that is the outflow port of the housing 14 is disposed in the aorta 48a.
  • the impeller 12 and the housing 14 are restored to the expanded state by an elastic restoring force as shown in FIG.
  • the blood pump 10 according to this embodiment has the following effects.
  • Each blade 26 constituting the blade structure 23 is configured such that the radial length (the diameter of the blade row 25) of each of the plurality of blades 26 changes according to the fluid force during rotation, and the fluid force is large. As it is, it has a shape that is bent so that the length in the radial direction becomes larger. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the impeller 12 (blade 26) maintains the diameter D1, which is the initial diameter when deployed, in the low flow rate region, and the blade 26 expands from the diameter D1 in the middle flow rate region to the high flow rate region. It becomes larger and becomes the maximum diameter D2 at the maximum flow rate.
  • the impeller 12 rotational deformation blade
  • the impeller 12 rotational deformation blade
  • the head in the flow area decreases, and in the middle and high flow areas, the flow increases with respect to the head. Therefore, an arbitrary characteristic curve (flow rate / lifting curve) can be designed by adjusting the fluid force and rigidity applied to the blades 26, and the pump performance can be improved.
  • Each blade 26 has an arcuate curved shape when viewed from the axial direction. Accordingly, since the curvature of the curved shape decreases as the fluid force increases, the radial length of the blades 26 can be continuously changed according to the fluid force, and an arbitrary characteristic curve can be easily designed. Is possible.
  • Each blade 26 has a concave shape on the surface on the rotation direction (arrow R direction) side. Thereby, the blade
  • each blade 26 The curvature of the curved shape of each blade 26 is constant from the inner end, which is a connection portion with the hub 22, to the outer end, which is farthest from the hub 22.
  • Each blade has a constant thickness from the inner end, which is a connecting portion with the hub 22, to the outer end, which is the farthest from the hub 22.
  • the thickness of each blade 26 may be displaced toward the outer end.
  • wing 26 changes according to fluid force, and it can improve pump performance.
  • the impeller 12 is an impeller for a centrifugal pump.
  • the fluid force acting on the blades increases in the order of axial flow type ⁇ diagonal flow type ⁇ centrifugal type, and the blades are likely to be deformed during rotation. Therefore, the present invention is particularly useful when applied to the impeller 12 for a centrifugal pump.
  • the blood pump 10 is configured such that an impeller 12 made of an elastic body having a plurality of blades 26 is twisted in the axial direction and can be folded. For this reason, the impeller 12 can increase the outer diameter change (deformation rate) between the expanded state (FIG. 1) and the folded state (FIG. 2). Therefore, it is possible to fold the sheet smaller while ensuring the desired pump performance. That is, when inserting into a living body, the outer diameter of the tip 10a of the blood pump 10 is sufficiently reduced to obtain high deliverability, and the outer diameter of the impeller 12 is increased during pump operation to ensure desired pump performance. Can do.
  • an impeller 50 having the configuration shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C may be used.
  • the impeller 50 includes a hub 52 that forms a central portion of the impeller 50, and a plurality of blades 54 (blade rows) that are provided on the hub 52 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and can be elastically deformed.
  • each blade 54 is configured such that the length Lw along the axial direction of the plurality of blades 54 changes according to the fluid force (fluid pressure) during rotation, and the flow As the physical strength increases, a change in the angle formed between the rotation axis a and the base end of the blade 54 increases, and the change in the length Lw increases.
  • the blades 54 have a minimum length Lw1 when the flow rate is zero (when the impeller is stopped) or a low flow rate (when a high head is generated), and have a maximum length Lw2 when the flow rate is high (when the maximum flow rate).
  • the blades 54 have a length between the minimum length Lw1 and the maximum length Lw2 at a medium flow rate. In the structure in which the maximum length Lw2 is obtained when the flow rate is zero (when the impeller is stopped) or when the flow rate is low (when the high head is generated), the minimum length Lw1 is obtained when the flow rate is high (when the maximum flow rate).
  • Each blade 54 includes a first wing portion 54a having a radially inner end 55 connected to the hub 52, and a second wing portion 54b having no connection portion with the hub 52 and connected to the first wing portion 54a.
  • the second wing part 54b is provided on the base end side of the first wing part 54a, extends from the base end of the first wing part 54a in the base end direction, and is in a natural state with respect to the first wing part 54a.
  • the impeller 50 is inclined in the rotational direction (arrow R direction) side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, the blade 54 in the state of the length Lw1 has a shape bent at an intermediate position in the axial direction when viewed from the outside in the radial direction.
  • the second wing portion 54b is substantially parallel to the axis a of the hub 52 (the angle ⁇ with respect to the first wing portion 54a is zero).
  • the second wing portion 54b may have an arcuate curved shape or a concave shape from the base end of the first wing portion 54a toward the base end direction toward the rotation direction of the impeller 50.
  • the blades 54 of the impeller 50 configured as described above maintain the length Lw1, which is the initial length when deployed, as shown in FIG. 9B in the low flow rate region.
  • the impeller 50 is elastically deformed by a fluid force, whereby the angle ⁇ of the second wing portion 54b with respect to the first wing portion 54a (or the rotation axis a) is reduced, and the axial length is reduced. It becomes larger than the length Lw1.
  • the angle ⁇ of the second wing part 54b with respect to the first wing part 54a becomes further smaller (becomes zero), and becomes the maximum length Lw2 as shown in FIG. 9C.
  • the fluid force and rigidity applied to the blades 54 the occurrence of cavitation can be suppressed and the pump performance can be improved.
  • an impeller 60 having the form shown in FIG. 10 may be used.
  • the impeller 60 includes a hub 62 that constitutes a central portion of the impeller 60 and a plurality of blades 64 that are provided on the hub 62 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and can be elastically deformed.
  • a plurality of blade rows 66A and 66B are provided in the axial direction.
  • Each of the blade rows 66A and 66B is composed of a plurality of blades 64 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • Each vane 64 changes the lengths Lwa and Lwb (the axial length of the radially outer end of the vane 64) along the axial direction of the plural vanes 64 according to the fluid force (fluid pressure) during rotation.
  • the lengths Lwa and Lwb change in shape.
  • each blade 64 has a different thickness at the distal end portion and the proximal end portion in the axial direction.
  • each blade 64 constituting the blade row 66A on the distal end side the thickness t1 of the distal end portion in the axial direction is larger than the thickness t2 of the proximal end portion, and from the distal end portion to the proximal end portion. The thickness decreases toward it.
  • each blade 64 constituting the blade row 66B on the base end side has a thickness t3 at the tip end in the axial direction larger than a thickness t4 at the base end, and the thickness from the tip end toward the base end is increased. Decrease.
  • the ratio between t1 and t2 and the ratio between t3 and t4 may be the same or different.
  • the blades 64 have a maximum length when the flow rate is zero (when the impeller is stopped) or a low flow rate (when a high head is generated), and have a minimum length when the flow rate is high (when the maximum flow rate).
  • the vanes 64 have a length between a minimum length and a maximum length at a medium flow rate.
  • the initial angle of the blades 64 is the minimum length when the flow rate is zero (when the impeller is stopped) or low flow rate (when the high head is generated), and is maximum when the flow rate is high (when the maximum flow rate is set)
  • the length may be set. Alternatively, the length may be set so that the lengths at the time of zero flow rate (when the impeller is stopped) or low flow rate (when a high head is generated) and high flow rate (at the maximum flow rate) are the same.
  • the other parts of the impeller 60 are configured in the same manner as the impeller 12 (see FIG. 3 and the like) described above.
  • each blade 64 is configured such that the length Lwa along the axial direction of the plurality of blades 64 changes according to the fluid force (fluid pressure) during rotation.
  • the larger the fluid force the larger the change in the length Lwa. That is, the change in the angle formed between the rotation axis a and the base end of the blade 64 becomes large. For this reason, by adjusting the fluid force and rigidity applied to the blades 64, the occurrence of cavitation can be suppressed, and the pump performance can be improved.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une turbine (12) d'une pompe à sang (10) qui comprend un moyeu (22) qui est entraîné en rotation, et une pluralité de pales (26) comprenant chacune un corps élastique s'étendant radialement à partir du moyeu (22). Chaque pale de la pluralité de pales (26) est conçue de telle sorte que la longueur dans le sens radial de chaque pale de la pluralité de pales (26) change en fonction d'une force de fluide pendant la rotation, et chaque pale de la pluralité de pales (26) a une forme dont la longueur dans le sens radial augmente lorsque la force de fluide augmente.
PCT/JP2018/002195 2017-01-27 2018-01-25 Turbine et pompe à sang WO2018139508A1 (fr)

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US10722631B2 (en) 2018-02-01 2020-07-28 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pumps and methods of use and manufacture
US11185677B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2021-11-30 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular fluid movement devices, systems, and methods of use
CN114010937A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-02-08 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 导管泵及其叶轮、泵体
US11368081B2 (en) 2018-01-24 2022-06-21 Kardion Gmbh Magnetic coupling element with a magnetic bearing function
CN114733062A (zh) * 2021-11-05 2022-07-12 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 心室辅助装置
US11511103B2 (en) 2017-11-13 2022-11-29 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular fluid movement devices, systems, and methods of use
US11654275B2 (en) 2019-07-22 2023-05-23 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pumps with struts and methods of use and manufacture
US11724089B2 (en) 2019-09-25 2023-08-15 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pump systems and methods of use and control thereof
US11754075B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2023-09-12 Kardion Gmbh Impeller for an implantable, vascular support system
US11944805B2 (en) 2020-01-31 2024-04-02 Kardion Gmbh Pump for delivering a fluid and method of manufacturing a pump
US11964145B2 (en) 2019-07-12 2024-04-23 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pumps and methods of manufacture and use

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US11185677B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2021-11-30 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular fluid movement devices, systems, and methods of use
US11717670B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2023-08-08 Shifamed Holdings, LLP Intravascular fluid movement devices, systems, and methods of use
US11511103B2 (en) 2017-11-13 2022-11-29 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular fluid movement devices, systems, and methods of use
US11804767B2 (en) 2018-01-24 2023-10-31 Kardion Gmbh Magnetic coupling element with a magnetic bearing function
US11368081B2 (en) 2018-01-24 2022-06-21 Kardion Gmbh Magnetic coupling element with a magnetic bearing function
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US11754075B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2023-09-12 Kardion Gmbh Impeller for an implantable, vascular support system
US11964145B2 (en) 2019-07-12 2024-04-23 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pumps and methods of manufacture and use
US11654275B2 (en) 2019-07-22 2023-05-23 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pumps with struts and methods of use and manufacture
US11724089B2 (en) 2019-09-25 2023-08-15 Shifamed Holdings, Llc Intravascular blood pump systems and methods of use and control thereof
US11944805B2 (en) 2020-01-31 2024-04-02 Kardion Gmbh Pump for delivering a fluid and method of manufacturing a pump
CN114733062A (zh) * 2021-11-05 2022-07-12 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 心室辅助装置
CN114010937A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-02-08 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 导管泵及其叶轮、泵体
CN114010937B (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-11-22 苏州心擎医疗技术有限公司 导管泵及其叶轮、泵体

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