WO2018133701A1 - Single-shaft/double-shaft solar tracking device based on crankshaft linkage rod transmission - Google Patents

Single-shaft/double-shaft solar tracking device based on crankshaft linkage rod transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133701A1
WO2018133701A1 PCT/CN2018/071884 CN2018071884W WO2018133701A1 WO 2018133701 A1 WO2018133701 A1 WO 2018133701A1 CN 2018071884 W CN2018071884 W CN 2018071884W WO 2018133701 A1 WO2018133701 A1 WO 2018133701A1
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Prior art keywords
crankshaft
hinged
support frame
roller chain
sprocket
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PCT/CN2018/071884
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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李樱子
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李樱子
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Publication of WO2018133701A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133701A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12Control of position or direction using feedback
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar energy tracking device, in particular to a single-axis/double-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft connecting rod transmission.
  • the existing solar single-axis tracking device can generally be installed only in a flat field, and the direction of the series connection between the tracking units must be on the east-west axis, which limits the application range or increases the construction cost; and the existing solar energy
  • the two-axis tracking device uses two sets of driving devices to drive the tracking of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle, and each tracking unit works independently, which greatly increases the cost.
  • the present invention provides a single-axis/two-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft linkage transmission.
  • a single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission which is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of single-axis tracking units including a column, A first crankshaft is hinged on the column, and a first worm gear reducer and a driving mechanism are mounted on one of the single-axis tracking units, and the driving mechanism drives the first worm gear reducer, the output end of the first worm gear reducer and the first crankshaft
  • the coaxial fixed connection, the first crankshaft of two adjacent single-axis tracking units is connected by a connecting rod, and the component support frame is hinged on the column, the hinge point is a, and the component support frame passes the first crank linkage mechanism and the first A crankshaft is connected, and a photovoltaic module is fixed on the component support frame.
  • the first crank link mechanism comprises a sprocket, a roller chain plate and a transmission rod, wherein the sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, and the roller chain plate is hinged on the column, and the hinge point is b.
  • One end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is c, the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with the component support frame ball, and the hinge point is d, and the sprocket and the roller chain plate mesh and transmit.
  • the distance L1 between the hinge points bc is smaller than the distance L2 between the hinge points ad.
  • Another object of the present invention is a dual-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission, characterized in that it is formed by a rectangular array of a plurality of biaxial tracking units, and the two-axis tracking unit includes a column.
  • a first crankshaft is hinged on the column, and a first worm gear reducer is mounted on all the two-axis tracking units on one of the north and south columns, and the output end of the first worm gear reducer is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, first
  • the crankshaft is coaxially fixedly connected with a second crankshaft.
  • the input end of the first worm gear reducer is coaxially fixedly connected with a third crankshaft.
  • a driving mechanism is mounted on a two-axis tracking unit on the north and south columns, and the driving mechanism drives the first worm wheel.
  • a worm reducer wherein a third crankshaft of two adjacent two-axis tracking units on the north-south column is connected by a connecting rod; and a first crankshaft of two adjacent two-axis tracking units is connected by a connecting rod on the east-west column;
  • a rotating support frame is hinged, the hinge point is i, and the rotary support frame is connected to the first crankshaft through a first crank linkage mechanism, and the fourth crankshaft and the component support frame are hinged on the rotary support frame.
  • the hinge point of the component support frame is e, the fourth crankshaft is connected to the component support frame by a second crank link mechanism, and the fourth crankshaft and the second crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod, and the component support frame is fixed with a photovoltaic module.
  • first crank link mechanism and the second crank link mechanism have the same structure, and each includes a sprocket, a roller chain plate and a transmission rod; and the first support mechanism is coupled to the first through the first crank link mechanism
  • the crankshaft When the crankshaft is connected, the sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, the roller chain plate is hinged on the column, the hinge point is j, one end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is k, the transmission rod The other end is hinged with the rotating support frame ball, the hinge point is l, the sprocket and the roller chain plate mesh with the transmission;
  • the fourth crankshaft when the fourth crankshaft is connected to the component support frame by the second crank linkage mechanism, the fourth crankshaft and the A commutator is connected between the two crank linkages, the commutator includes a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear is hinged on the rotating support frame, and the driving be
  • the distance L3 between the hinge points fg is smaller than the distance L4 between the hinge points he; the distance L5 between the hinge points jk is smaller than the distance L6 between the hinge points ie.
  • the fourth crankshaft and the second crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod, and the transmission ratio is 1; in the first crank linkage mechanism, the transmission ratio of the sprocket and the roller chain is i1, and the second crank is connected In the rod mechanism, the gear ratio of the sprocket and the roller chain is i2, and the ratio of i1 and i2 is 1:2.
  • the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a second worm gear reducer, and the motor drives the second worm gear reducer to rotate.
  • the roller chain plate includes a disc, a roller and a rivet, and the roller is uniformly hinged on the circumference of the disc by a rivet.
  • the connecting rod is composed of two rod end joint bearings, two double studs and one threaded sleeve, and the two studs are connected by a threaded sleeve, and the outer ends of each stud are studs Connect a rod end joint bearing.
  • the solar single-axis tracking device is composed of a plurality of tracking units, and a driving device can drive all the tracking units to track the azimuth of the sun, and the terrain adaptability is strong, and the unevenness is not
  • the site of the rule boundary can be installed normally, the installation cost is low, and the scope of application is wide.
  • the solar dual-axis tracking device is composed of a plurality of tracking unit rectangular arrays, and all the tracking units can be driven by a set of driving devices to realize the solar elevation angle and the sun. Simultaneous tracking of azimuth, low production and installation costs.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic overall structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-axis tracking unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a component support frame mounted on a column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the component support frame mounted on the column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the installation of a roller chain plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a tracking sun azimuth according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the engagement of a roller chain plate and a sprocket according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 9 is a schematic overall structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-axis tracking unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the meshing structure of the roller chain plate and the sprocket according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a commutator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of tracking a solar height angle according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a tracking sun azimuth according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of single-axis tracking units that perform tracking azimuth operation, and the single-axis tracking unit includes
  • the first column 2 is hinged on the column 1, and the first worm gear reducer 3 and the driving mechanism 4 are mounted on one of the single-axis tracking units, and the driving mechanism 4 drives the first worm gear reducer 3, first
  • the worm gear reducer 3 is connected to the first crankshaft 2 to drive the first crankshaft 2 to rotate.
  • the drive mechanism 4 includes a motor 401 and a second worm gear reducer 402.
  • the motor 401 drives the second worm gear reducer 402 to rotate.
  • the worm gear reducer 402 is connected to the first worm gear reducer 3; the first crankshaft 2 of two adjacent single-axis tracking units is connected by the connecting rod 5 to realize synchronous movement; the component support frame 6 is hinged on the column 1 The hinge point is a, and the component support frame 6 is connected to the first crankshaft 2 via a first crank linkage mechanism 7, on which the photovoltaic module 8 is fixed.
  • the drive mechanism 4 includes a motor 401 and a second worm gear reducer 402.
  • the motor 401 drives the second worm gear reducer 402 to rotate.
  • the component support frame 6 is connected and connected by a bolt 14, a first retaining ring 15, a joint bearing 16, a second retaining ring 17, a flat washer 18, a spring washer 19, a nut 20, and a bearing fixing plate 21.
  • the bearing fixing plate 21 is fixedly mounted with the column 1
  • the joint bearing 16 is fixedly mounted with the bearing fixing plate 21, and the bolt 14 sequentially passes through the first retaining ring 15, the joint bearing 16, and the second retaining ring. 17.
  • the flat washer 18 and the spring washer 19 are coupled to the nut 20 to connect the assembly support frame 6 to the bearing retaining plate 21; at this time, the component support frame 6 can be pivoted about the joint bearing 16.
  • the rod end joint bearing used at the joint between the two ends of the transmission rod 703 and the roller chain 702 and the component support frame 6 also has the function of the centering function, so that the roller chain plate 702 can be used.
  • the component support frame 6 is driven to rotate at a certain angle with the column 1 .
  • the characteristic of this working principle is that the two component support frames driven by the two synchronously moving roller chain plates 702 can not rotate on the same axis, thereby improving the ability of the tracking device to be installed and used on irregular terrain.
  • the first crank linkage mechanism 7 includes a sprocket 701, a roller chain 702, and a transmission rod 703.
  • the sprocket 701 is coaxially fixedly coupled to the first crankshaft 2, and the roller chain 702 It is hinged on the column 1 and has a hinge point b.
  • One end of the transmission rod 703 is hinged to the roller chain 702, and the hinge point is c.
  • the other end of the transmission rod 703 is hinged to the component support frame 6 and the hinge point is d.
  • the wheel 701 meshes with the roller chain 702.
  • the sprocket 701 is coaxially fixedly coupled to the first crankshaft 2.
  • the sprocket 701 drives the roller chain 702 to rotate, and the roller chain 702 transmits the motion to the component support frame 6 through the transmission rod 703.
  • the photovoltaic module 8 fixed on the component support frame 6 is driven to track the azimuth of the sun.
  • the roller chain 702 includes a disc 7021, a roller 7022, and a rivet 7023.
  • the roller 7022 is uniformly hinged on the circumference of the disc 7021 by a rivet 7023; the roller chain 702 is driven
  • the rod 703 drives the assembly support frame 6 to rotate, a transmission pair of the crank link is formed, so that the distance L1 between the hinge points bc is smaller than the distance L2 between the hinge points ad.
  • the component supports The frame 6 will oscillate within the angle ⁇ , and the size of ⁇ can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of L1, L2 and the transmission rod 703.
  • This working principle is characterized in that the motor can realize the azimuth of the solar module to the sun without the need of forward and reverse rotation. Tracking and resetting, and there is no damage to the tracking device caused by motor runaway, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the rotation of the roller chain plate 702 is carried by the sprocket 701 fixed to the first crankshaft 2, and the first crankshaft 2 of each tracking unit realizes synchronous movement by the connecting rod 5, which is composed of two rod end joint bearings 501
  • Two double studs 502 and one threaded sleeve 503 are connected.
  • the two studs 502 are connected by a threaded sleeve 503, and the outer end of each stud 502 is connected to a rod end joint bearing 501.
  • the connecting rod 5 can be at an angle with the first crankshaft 2 and does not affect the synchronous movement of the crankshafts of the tracking units.
  • the characteristic of this working principle is that the various tracking units linked by the connecting rods can be installed on one axis, thereby improving the ability of the tracking device to be installed and used on irregular terrain.
  • a two-axis solar tracking device based on a crankshaft link transmission is formed by a plurality of rectangular arrays of two-axis tracking units that perform tracking of an altitude angle of the sun and an azimuth of the sun.
  • the two-axis tracking unit comprises a column 1 on which a first crankshaft 2 is hinged, and a first worm gear reducer 3 is mounted on all of the two-axis tracking units on a north-south column, and the first worm gear reducer 3 outputs
  • the first crankshaft 2 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first crankshaft 2, and the first crankshaft 2 is coaxially fixedly connected with the second crankshaft 11 .
  • the input end of the first worm gear reducer 3 is coaxially fixedly connected with the third crankshaft 9 on the north and south columns.
  • a driving mechanism 4 is mounted on a two-axis tracking unit, and the driving mechanism 4 drives the first worm gear reducer 3, and the third crankshaft 9 of two adjacent two-axis tracking units on the north-south column is connected by the connecting rod 5 to realize synchronization.
  • a rotating support frame 10 is hinged on the column 1 and has a hinge point i.
  • the rotary support frame 10 is connected to the first crankshaft 2 via a first crank linkage mechanism 7.
  • the fourth crankshaft 22 and the component support frame are hinged on the rotary support frame 10. 6.
  • the hinge point of the component support frame 6 is e, the fourth crankshaft 22 is connected to the component support frame 6 through the second crank linkage mechanism 12, and the fourth crankshaft 22 and the second crankshaft 11 are connected by the connecting rod 5 to realize synchronous movement.
  • a photovoltaic module 8 is fixed to the component support frame 6.
  • the driving mechanism 4 includes a motor 401 and a second worm gear reducer 402.
  • the motor 401 drives the second worm gear reducer 402 to rotate, and the second worm gear reducer 402 is connected to the first worm gear reducer 3.
  • the first crank link mechanism 7 and the second crank link mechanism 12 are identical in structure, and each includes a sprocket 701, a roller chain 702 and a transmission rod 703; the first support linkage mechanism is passed through the first crank linkage mechanism 7 is connected to the first crankshaft 2, the sprocket 701 is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft 2, the roller chain 702 is hinged on the column 1, the hinge point is j, one end of the transmission rod 703 and the roller chain plate 702 ball hinged, hinge point is k, the other end of the transmission rod 703 is hinged with the rotating support frame 10, the hinge point is l, the sprocket 701 meshes with the roller chain 702; the fourth crankshaft 22 passes the second When the crank link mechanism 12 is connected to the component support frame 6, a commutator 13 is connected between the fourth crankshaft 22 and the second crank link mechanism 12, and the commutator 13 includes a driving bevel gear 131 and a driven bevel gear.
  • the driving bevel gear 131 and the driven bevel gear 132 are vertically mounted on the housing, the transmission ratio is 1, and the driven bevel gear 132 is hinged on the rotating support frame 10, the active
  • the bevel gear 131 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the fourth crankshaft 22, and the driven bevel gear 132 is coaxially fixedly connected with the sprocket 701, and is rolled.
  • the chain plate 702 is hinged on the rotating support frame 10, the hinge point is f, one end of the transmission rod 703 is hingedly connected with the roller chain plate 702, the hinge point is g, and the other end of the transmission rod 703 is hingedly connected with the component support frame 6 and hinged.
  • the point is h, and the sprocket 701 meshes with the roller chain 702.
  • the roller chain 702 includes a disc 7021, a roller 7022 and a rivet 7023.
  • the roller 7022 is uniformly hinged on the circumference of the disc 7021 by a rivet 7023; the distance L3 between the hinge points fg is smaller than the hinge point he
  • the component support frame 6 will swing in the range of ⁇ angle, and the size of ⁇ can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of L3, L4 and the transmission rod 703.
  • the characteristic is that the motor can track and reset the solar module to the solar height angle without the need of positive and negative reversal, and there is no damage to the tracking device caused by the motor out of control, as shown in FIG.
  • the distance L5 between the hinge points jk is made smaller than the distance L6 between the hinge points il.
  • the roller chain 702 is rotated all the time, the rotary support frame 10 swings within the gamma angle range by adjusting L5, L6 and the transmission rod 703.
  • the length of the ⁇ can be adjusted.
  • the characteristic of this working principle is that the motor can track and reset the solar azimuth of the solar module without positive and negative reversal, and there is no damage to the tracking device caused by the motor out of control. 14 is shown.
  • a sprocket 701 is fixed on the first crankshaft 2, and the sprocket 701 drives the roller sprocket 702 to rotate while the first crankshaft 2 rotates.
  • the roller sprocket 702 drives the rotating support frame 10 to rotate through the transmission rod 703, thereby driving the installation.
  • the component support frame 6 on the rotating support frame 10 rotates, thereby driving the photovoltaic module 8 fixed to the component support frame 6 to realize the movement of tracking the solar azimuth angle, while the first crankshaft 2 is coaxially fixed with the second crankshaft 11 and the second crankshaft 11
  • the fourth crankshaft 22 mounted on the rotating support frame 10 is synchronously moved by the connecting rod 5, thereby driving the commutator 13 to rotate, the commutator 13 drives the sprocket 701 connected thereto to rotate, and the sprocket 701 drives the roller chain plate.
  • the roller chain 702 drives the component support frame 6 to rotate by the transmission rod 703, thereby driving the photovoltaic module 8 fixed on the component support frame 6 to track the movement of the solar elevation angle; during the implementation, the second crankshaft 11 and The transmission ratio of the fourth crankshaft 22 is 1.
  • the transmission ratio of the sprocket and the roller sprocket is i1
  • the transmission of the sprocket and the roller sprocket The ratio of i2, i1 and i2 is 1 :2.
  • the two-axis tracking device completes an action of tracking the solar azimuth from east to west, and the tracking sun elevation angle is changed from small to large from early to late.
  • the smaller the action that is, the roller chain 702 of the rotary support frame 10 is rotated one turn, and the roller chain plate 702 of the drive unit support frame 6 is rotated two times.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

A single-shaft/double-shaft solar tracking device based on crankshaft linkage rod transmission. The single-shaft solar tracking device can only track an azimuth of the sun, and the double-shaft solar tracking device can simultaneously track an azimuth and an altitude of the sun. The single-shaft solar tracking device is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of single-shaft tracking units and connecting the same. The double-shaft solar tracking device is formed by arranging a plurality of double-shaft tracking units in matrix form and connecting the same. A crankshaft linkage rod is arranged between adjacent single-shaft tracking units or adjacent double-shaft tracking units to implement transmission, and there is only one power source. The embodiment is simple in device structure and strong in terrain adaptivity, is utilized to implement double-shaft tracking using a single-drive mechanism, has no risk of overtravel, and is high in the cost-performance ratio.

Description

基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴/双轴太阳能跟踪装置Single-axis/double-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft connecting rod drive 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种太阳能的跟踪装置,尤其涉及一种基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴/双轴太阳能跟踪装置。The invention relates to a solar energy tracking device, in particular to a single-axis/double-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft connecting rod transmission.
背景技术Background technique
现有的太阳能单轴跟踪装置,一般只能在平整的场地安装,且各个跟踪单元之间串联的方向必须在东西向的轴线上,限制了应用范围或增加了施工成本;而现有的太阳能双轴跟踪装置,都是采用两套驱动装置分别驱动高度角和方位角的跟踪,且各个跟踪单元都独立工作,这就大大增加了成本。The existing solar single-axis tracking device can generally be installed only in a flat field, and the direction of the series connection between the tracking units must be on the east-west axis, which limits the application range or increases the construction cost; and the existing solar energy The two-axis tracking device uses two sets of driving devices to drive the tracking of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle, and each tracking unit works independently, which greatly increases the cost.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对上述不足,本发明提供一种基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴/双轴太阳能跟踪装置。In view of the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a single-axis/two-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft linkage transmission.
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案如下:一种基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,它由多个单轴跟踪单元依次排列连接而成,所述单轴跟踪单元包括立柱,在立柱上铰接有第一曲轴,在其中一个单轴跟踪单元上安装有第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机和驱动机构,驱动机构驱动第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机输出端与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,相邻两个单轴跟踪单元的第一曲轴通过连杆连接,在立柱上球铰接有组件支撑架,铰接点为a,组件支撑架通过第一曲柄连杆机构与第一曲轴相连,所述组件支撑架上固定有光伏组件。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: a single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission, which is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of single-axis tracking units including a column, A first crankshaft is hinged on the column, and a first worm gear reducer and a driving mechanism are mounted on one of the single-axis tracking units, and the driving mechanism drives the first worm gear reducer, the output end of the first worm gear reducer and the first crankshaft The coaxial fixed connection, the first crankshaft of two adjacent single-axis tracking units is connected by a connecting rod, and the component support frame is hinged on the column, the hinge point is a, and the component support frame passes the first crank linkage mechanism and the first A crankshaft is connected, and a photovoltaic module is fixed on the component support frame.
进一步的,所述第一曲柄连杆机构包括链轮、滚子链盘和传动杆,所述链轮与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,滚子链盘铰接在立柱上,铰接点为b,传动杆的一端与滚子链盘球铰接,铰接点为c,传动杆的另一端与组件支撑架球铰接,铰接点为d,链轮与滚子链盘啮合传动。Further, the first crank link mechanism comprises a sprocket, a roller chain plate and a transmission rod, wherein the sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, and the roller chain plate is hinged on the column, and the hinge point is b. One end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is c, the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with the component support frame ball, and the hinge point is d, and the sprocket and the roller chain plate mesh and transmit.
进一步的,铰接点bc之间的距离L1小于铰接点ad之间的距离L2。Further, the distance L1 between the hinge points bc is smaller than the distance L2 between the hinge points ad.
本发明的另一目的是一种基于曲轴连杆传动的双轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,它由多个双轴跟踪单元矩形阵列排布连接而成,所述双轴跟踪单元包括立柱,在立柱上铰接有第一曲轴,在其中一南北列上的所有双轴跟踪单元上安装有第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机输出端与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,第一曲轴同轴固定连接有第二曲轴,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机输入端同轴固定连接有第三曲轴,在该南北列上的一个双轴跟踪单元上安装有驱动机构,驱动机构驱动第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机,在该南北列上相邻两个双轴跟踪单元的第三曲轴通过连杆连接;在东西列上相邻两个双轴跟踪单元的第一曲轴通过连杆连接;在立柱上铰接有旋转支撑架,铰接点为i,旋转支撑架通过第一曲柄连杆机构与第一曲轴相连,旋转支撑架上铰接有第四曲轴和组件支撑架,组件支撑架的铰接点为e,第四曲轴通过第二曲柄连杆 机构与组件支撑架相连,第四曲轴和第二曲轴通过连杆相连,所述组件支撑架上固定有光伏组件。Another object of the present invention is a dual-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission, characterized in that it is formed by a rectangular array of a plurality of biaxial tracking units, and the two-axis tracking unit includes a column. A first crankshaft is hinged on the column, and a first worm gear reducer is mounted on all the two-axis tracking units on one of the north and south columns, and the output end of the first worm gear reducer is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, first The crankshaft is coaxially fixedly connected with a second crankshaft. The input end of the first worm gear reducer is coaxially fixedly connected with a third crankshaft. A driving mechanism is mounted on a two-axis tracking unit on the north and south columns, and the driving mechanism drives the first worm wheel. a worm reducer, wherein a third crankshaft of two adjacent two-axis tracking units on the north-south column is connected by a connecting rod; and a first crankshaft of two adjacent two-axis tracking units is connected by a connecting rod on the east-west column; A rotating support frame is hinged, the hinge point is i, and the rotary support frame is connected to the first crankshaft through a first crank linkage mechanism, and the fourth crankshaft and the component support frame are hinged on the rotary support frame. The hinge point of the component support frame is e, the fourth crankshaft is connected to the component support frame by a second crank link mechanism, and the fourth crankshaft and the second crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod, and the component support frame is fixed with a photovoltaic module.
进一步的,所述第一曲柄连杆机构和第二曲柄连杆机构结构相同,均包括链轮、滚子链盘和传动杆;在所述旋转支撑架通过第一曲柄连杆机构与第一曲轴相连时,所述链轮与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,滚子链盘铰接在立柱上,铰接点为j,传动杆的一端与滚子链盘球铰接,铰接点为k,传动杆的另一端与旋转支撑架球铰接,铰接点为l,链轮与滚子链盘啮合传动;在所述第四曲轴通过第二曲柄连杆机构与组件支撑架相连时,第四曲轴与第二曲柄连杆机构之间连接有换向器,所述换向器包括主动锥齿轮和从动锥齿轮,从动锥齿轮铰接在旋转支撑架上,所述主动锥齿轮与第四曲轴同轴固定连接,从动锥齿轮与链轮同轴固定连接,滚子链盘铰接在旋转支撑架上,铰接点为f,传动杆的一端与滚子链盘球铰接,铰接点为g,传动杆的另一端与组件支撑架球铰接,铰接点为h,链轮与滚子链盘啮合传动。Further, the first crank link mechanism and the second crank link mechanism have the same structure, and each includes a sprocket, a roller chain plate and a transmission rod; and the first support mechanism is coupled to the first through the first crank link mechanism When the crankshaft is connected, the sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, the roller chain plate is hinged on the column, the hinge point is j, one end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is k, the transmission rod The other end is hinged with the rotating support frame ball, the hinge point is l, the sprocket and the roller chain plate mesh with the transmission; when the fourth crankshaft is connected to the component support frame by the second crank linkage mechanism, the fourth crankshaft and the A commutator is connected between the two crank linkages, the commutator includes a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear is hinged on the rotating support frame, and the driving bevel gear is coaxial with the fourth crankshaft Fixed connection, the driven bevel gear is coaxially fixedly connected with the sprocket, the roller chain plate is hinged on the rotating support frame, the hinge point is f, one end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is g, the transmission rod The other end is hinged to the component support frame, hinged Point is h, the roller chain sprocket engagement disc drive.
进一步的,铰接点fg之间的距离L3小于铰接点he之间的距离L4;铰接点jk之间的距离L5小于铰接点ie之间的距离L6。Further, the distance L3 between the hinge points fg is smaller than the distance L4 between the hinge points he; the distance L5 between the hinge points jk is smaller than the distance L6 between the hinge points ie.
进一步的,所述第四曲轴和第二曲轴通过连杆相连,其传动比为1;在第一曲柄连杆机构中,链轮和滚子链盘的传动比为i1,在第二曲柄连杆机构中,链轮和滚子链盘的传动比为i2,i1和i2的比值为1:2。Further, the fourth crankshaft and the second crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod, and the transmission ratio is 1; in the first crank linkage mechanism, the transmission ratio of the sprocket and the roller chain is i1, and the second crank is connected In the rod mechanism, the gear ratio of the sprocket and the roller chain is i2, and the ratio of i1 and i2 is 1:2.
进一步的,所述驱动机构包括电机和第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机,电机驱动第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机转动。Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a second worm gear reducer, and the motor drives the second worm gear reducer to rotate.
进一步的,所述滚子链盘包括圆盘、滚子和铆钉,所述滚子通过铆钉均匀铰接在圆盘的圆周上。Further, the roller chain plate includes a disc, a roller and a rivet, and the roller is uniformly hinged on the circumference of the disc by a rivet.
进一步的,所述连杆由两个杆端关节轴承、两个双头螺柱和一个螺纹套管组成,两个双头螺柱通过螺纹套管相连接,每根双头螺柱的外端部连接一个杆端关节轴承。Further, the connecting rod is composed of two rod end joint bearings, two double studs and one threaded sleeve, and the two studs are connected by a threaded sleeve, and the outer ends of each stud are studs Connect a rod end joint bearing.
本发明的有益效果如下:太阳能单轴跟踪装置由多个跟踪单元联动组成,采用一套驱动装置即可驱动所有跟踪单元实现对太阳方位角的跟踪,且地形适应性强,在不平整和不规则边界的场地均可正常安装,安装成本低、适用范围广;太阳能双轴跟踪装置由多个跟踪单元矩形阵列联动组成,采用一套驱动装置即可驱动所有跟踪单元实现对太阳高度角和太阳方位角的同时跟踪,生产及安装成本低。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the solar single-axis tracking device is composed of a plurality of tracking units, and a driving device can drive all the tracking units to track the azimuth of the sun, and the terrain adaptability is strong, and the unevenness is not The site of the rule boundary can be installed normally, the installation cost is low, and the scope of application is wide. The solar dual-axis tracking device is composed of a plurality of tracking unit rectangular arrays, and all the tracking units can be driven by a set of driving devices to realize the solar elevation angle and the sun. Simultaneous tracking of azimuth, low production and installation costs.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例1的整体结构示意图;1 is a schematic overall structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1的单轴跟踪单元结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-axis tracking unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例1的组件支撑架安装在立柱上的爆炸示意图;3 is a schematic exploded view of a component support frame mounted on a column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例1的组件支撑架安装在立柱上的装配示意图;4 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the component support frame mounted on the column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例的滚子链盘的安装示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the installation of a roller chain plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图6为本发明实施例1的跟踪太阳方位角示意图;6 is a schematic diagram of a tracking sun azimuth according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例1的滚子链盘与链轮啮合的示意图;Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the engagement of a roller chain plate and a sprocket according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例的连杆结构示意图;FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a link according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图9为本发明实施例2的整体结构示意图;9 is a schematic overall structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例2的双轴跟踪单元结构示意图;10 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-axis tracking unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图11为本发明实施例2的滚子链盘与链轮啮合结构示意图;Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the meshing structure of the roller chain plate and the sprocket according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图12为本发明实施例2的换向器结构示意图;12 is a schematic structural view of a commutator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图13为本发明实施例2的跟踪太阳高度角示意图;13 is a schematic diagram of tracking a solar height angle according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图14为本发明实施例2的跟踪太阳方位角示意图;14 is a schematic diagram of a tracking sun azimuth according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图中:立柱1、第一曲轴2、第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3、驱动机构4、连杆5、组件支撑架6、第一曲柄连杆机构7、光伏组件8、第三曲轴9、旋转支撑架10、第二曲轴11、第二曲柄连杆机构12、换向器13、螺栓14、第一挡圈15、关节轴承16、第二挡圈17、平垫圈18、弹簧垫圈19、螺母20、轴承固定板21、第四曲轴22、主动锥齿轮131、从动锥齿轮132、电机401、第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402、杆端关节轴承501、双头螺柱502、螺纹套管503、链轮701、滚子链盘702、传动杆703、圆盘7021、滚子7022、铆钉7023、第三曲轴901。In the figure: column 1, first crankshaft 2, first worm gear reducer 3, drive mechanism 4, connecting rod 5, component support frame 6, first crank linkage mechanism 7, photovoltaic assembly 8, third crankshaft 9, rotation Support frame 10, second crankshaft 11, second crank linkage 12, commutator 13, bolt 14, first retaining ring 15, joint bearing 16, second retaining ring 17, flat washer 18, spring washer 19, nut 20. Bearing fixing plate 21, fourth crankshaft 22, driving bevel gear 131, driven bevel gear 132, motor 401, second worm gear reducer 402, rod end joint bearing 501, double stud 502, threaded sleeve 503 The sprocket 701, the roller chain 702, the transmission rod 703, the disk 7021, the roller 7022, the rivet 7023, and the third crankshaft 901.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
实施例1:Example 1:
如图1-2所示,一种基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,它由多个执行跟踪太阳方位角工作的单轴跟踪单元依次排列连接而成,所述单轴跟踪单元包括立柱1,在立柱1上铰接有第一曲轴2,在其中一个单轴跟踪单元上安装有第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3和驱动机构4,驱动机构4驱动第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3与第一曲轴2相连,驱动第一曲轴2转动,所述驱动机构4包括电机401和第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402,电机401驱动第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402转动,第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402与第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3相连;相邻两个单轴跟踪单元的第一曲轴2通过连杆5连接,实现同步运动;在立柱1上球铰接有组件支撑架6,铰接点为a,组件支撑架6通过第一曲柄连杆机构7与第一曲轴2相连,所述组件支撑架6上固定有光伏组件8。As shown in FIG. 1-2, a single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of single-axis tracking units that perform tracking azimuth operation, and the single-axis tracking unit includes The first column 2 is hinged on the column 1, and the first worm gear reducer 3 and the driving mechanism 4 are mounted on one of the single-axis tracking units, and the driving mechanism 4 drives the first worm gear reducer 3, first The worm gear reducer 3 is connected to the first crankshaft 2 to drive the first crankshaft 2 to rotate. The drive mechanism 4 includes a motor 401 and a second worm gear reducer 402. The motor 401 drives the second worm gear reducer 402 to rotate. The worm gear reducer 402 is connected to the first worm gear reducer 3; the first crankshaft 2 of two adjacent single-axis tracking units is connected by the connecting rod 5 to realize synchronous movement; the component support frame 6 is hinged on the column 1 The hinge point is a, and the component support frame 6 is connected to the first crankshaft 2 via a first crank linkage mechanism 7, on which the photovoltaic module 8 is fixed.
所述驱动机构4包括电机401和第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402,电机401驱动第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402转动。The drive mechanism 4 includes a motor 401 and a second worm gear reducer 402. The motor 401 drives the second worm gear reducer 402 to rotate.
如图3和4所示,组件支撑架6通过螺栓14、第一挡圈15、关节轴承16、第二挡圈17、平垫圈18、弹簧垫圈19、螺母20、轴承固定板21连接与在立柱1上,立柱1固定不动,轴承固定板21与立柱1固定安装,关节轴承16与轴承固定板21固定安装,螺栓14依次穿过第一挡圈15、关节轴承16、第二挡圈17、平垫圈18和弹簧垫圈19与螺母20连接,从而将组件支撑架6连接在轴承固定板21上;此时,组件支撑架6即可以关节轴承16为轴心转动。基于关节轴承具有调心功能的特性,且传动杆703两端与滚子链盘702和组件支撑架6连接处采用的杆端关节轴承也具有调心功能的特性,使滚子链盘702可以带动组件支撑架6与立柱1成一定夹角做转动。这种工作原理的特点是两个同步运动的滚子链盘702带动的两个组件支撑架可以不在同一轴线上转动,提高跟踪装置在不规则地形上安装使用的能力。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the component support frame 6 is connected and connected by a bolt 14, a first retaining ring 15, a joint bearing 16, a second retaining ring 17, a flat washer 18, a spring washer 19, a nut 20, and a bearing fixing plate 21. On the column 1, the column 1 is fixed, the bearing fixing plate 21 is fixedly mounted with the column 1, the joint bearing 16 is fixedly mounted with the bearing fixing plate 21, and the bolt 14 sequentially passes through the first retaining ring 15, the joint bearing 16, and the second retaining ring. 17. The flat washer 18 and the spring washer 19 are coupled to the nut 20 to connect the assembly support frame 6 to the bearing retaining plate 21; at this time, the component support frame 6 can be pivoted about the joint bearing 16. The rod end joint bearing used at the joint between the two ends of the transmission rod 703 and the roller chain 702 and the component support frame 6 also has the function of the centering function, so that the roller chain plate 702 can be used. The component support frame 6 is driven to rotate at a certain angle with the column 1 . The characteristic of this working principle is that the two component support frames driven by the two synchronously moving roller chain plates 702 can not rotate on the same axis, thereby improving the ability of the tracking device to be installed and used on irregular terrain.
如图7所示,所述第一曲柄连杆机构7包括链轮701、滚子链盘702和传动杆703,所述链轮701与第一曲轴2同轴固定连接,滚子链盘702铰接在立柱1上,铰接点为b,传动杆703的一端与滚子链盘702球铰接,铰接点为c,传动杆703的另一端与组件支撑架6球铰接,铰接点为d,链轮701与滚子链盘702啮合传动。链轮701与第一曲轴2同轴固定连接,在第一曲轴2转动的同时链轮701带动滚子链盘702转动,滚子链盘702通过传动杆703将运动传递给组件支撑架6,从而带动固定在组件支撑架6上的光伏组件8实现追踪太阳方位角的运动。As shown in FIG. 7, the first crank linkage mechanism 7 includes a sprocket 701, a roller chain 702, and a transmission rod 703. The sprocket 701 is coaxially fixedly coupled to the first crankshaft 2, and the roller chain 702 It is hinged on the column 1 and has a hinge point b. One end of the transmission rod 703 is hinged to the roller chain 702, and the hinge point is c. The other end of the transmission rod 703 is hinged to the component support frame 6 and the hinge point is d. The wheel 701 meshes with the roller chain 702. The sprocket 701 is coaxially fixedly coupled to the first crankshaft 2. When the first crankshaft 2 rotates, the sprocket 701 drives the roller chain 702 to rotate, and the roller chain 702 transmits the motion to the component support frame 6 through the transmission rod 703. Thereby, the photovoltaic module 8 fixed on the component support frame 6 is driven to track the azimuth of the sun.
如图5所示,所述滚子链盘702包括圆盘7021、滚子7022和铆钉7023,所述滚子7022通过铆钉7023均匀铰接在圆盘7021的圆周上;滚子链盘702通过传动杆703带动组件支撑架6转动时,形成一个曲柄连杆的传动副,使铰接点bc之间的距离L1小于铰接点ad之间的距离L2,在滚子链盘702一直转动时,组件支撑架6会在α角范围内摆动,通过调节L1、L2和传动杆703的长度可以调节α的大小,这种工作原理的特点在于电机不需要正反转就能实现光伏组件对太阳方位角的跟踪和复位,且不会出现电机失控造成跟踪装置损坏的情况,如图6所示。As shown in FIG. 5, the roller chain 702 includes a disc 7021, a roller 7022, and a rivet 7023. The roller 7022 is uniformly hinged on the circumference of the disc 7021 by a rivet 7023; the roller chain 702 is driven When the rod 703 drives the assembly support frame 6 to rotate, a transmission pair of the crank link is formed, so that the distance L1 between the hinge points bc is smaller than the distance L2 between the hinge points ad. When the roller chain 702 is rotated all the time, the component supports The frame 6 will oscillate within the angle α, and the size of α can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of L1, L2 and the transmission rod 703. This working principle is characterized in that the motor can realize the azimuth of the solar module to the sun without the need of forward and reverse rotation. Tracking and resetting, and there is no damage to the tracking device caused by motor runaway, as shown in Figure 6.
滚子链盘702的转动通过固定在第一曲轴2上的链轮701带动,各个跟踪单元的第一曲轴2通过连杆5实现同步运动,所述连杆5由两个杆端关节轴承501、两个双头螺柱502和一个螺纹套管503组成,两个双头螺柱502通过螺纹套管503相连接,每根双头螺柱502的外端部连接一个杆端关节轴承501,通过调节双头螺柱502拧入螺纹套筒503的深度,可以调节两个杆端关节轴承501的轴心距离,如图8所示。基于杆端关节轴承具有调心功能的特性,使连杆5可以与第一曲轴2成一定夹角,且不影响个跟踪单元的曲轴的同步运动。这种工作原理的特点是通过连杆联动的各个跟踪单元可以不在一条轴线上安装,提高跟踪装置在不规则地形上安装使用的能力。The rotation of the roller chain plate 702 is carried by the sprocket 701 fixed to the first crankshaft 2, and the first crankshaft 2 of each tracking unit realizes synchronous movement by the connecting rod 5, which is composed of two rod end joint bearings 501 Two double studs 502 and one threaded sleeve 503 are connected. The two studs 502 are connected by a threaded sleeve 503, and the outer end of each stud 502 is connected to a rod end joint bearing 501. By adjusting the depth of the stud 502 screwed into the threaded sleeve 503, the axial distance of the two rod end joint bearings 501 can be adjusted, as shown in FIG. Based on the rod end joint bearing having the function of the centering function, the connecting rod 5 can be at an angle with the first crankshaft 2 and does not affect the synchronous movement of the crankshafts of the tracking units. The characteristic of this working principle is that the various tracking units linked by the connecting rods can be installed on one axis, thereby improving the ability of the tracking device to be installed and used on irregular terrain.
实施例2:Example 2:
如图9和10所示,一种基于曲轴连杆传动的双轴太阳能跟踪装置,它由多个执行跟踪太阳高度角和太阳方位角的双轴跟踪单元矩形阵列排布连接而成,所述双轴跟踪单元包括立柱1,在立柱1上铰接有第一曲轴2,在其中一南北列上的所有双轴跟踪单元上安装有第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3输出端与第一曲轴2同轴固定连接,第一曲轴2同轴固定连接有第二曲轴11,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3输入端同轴固定连接有第三曲轴9,在该南北列上的一个双轴跟踪单元上安装有驱动机构4,驱动机构4驱动第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3,在该南北列上相邻两个双轴跟踪单元的第三曲轴9通过连杆5连接,实现同步运动,从而实现该南北列上双轴跟踪单元的第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3同步运动;在东西列上相邻两个双轴跟踪单元的第一曲轴2通过连杆5连接,实现该列的同步运动;在立柱1上铰接有旋转支撑架10,铰接点为i,旋转支撑架10通过第一曲柄连杆机构7与第一曲轴2相连,旋转支撑架10上铰接有第四曲轴22和组件支撑架6,组件支撑架6的铰接点为e,第四曲轴22通过第二曲柄连杆机构12与组件支撑架6相连,第四曲轴22和第二曲轴11通过连杆5相连,实现同步运动,所述组件支撑架6上固定有光伏组件8。As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a two-axis solar tracking device based on a crankshaft link transmission is formed by a plurality of rectangular arrays of two-axis tracking units that perform tracking of an altitude angle of the sun and an azimuth of the sun. The two-axis tracking unit comprises a column 1 on which a first crankshaft 2 is hinged, and a first worm gear reducer 3 is mounted on all of the two-axis tracking units on a north-south column, and the first worm gear reducer 3 outputs The first crankshaft 2 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first crankshaft 2, and the first crankshaft 2 is coaxially fixedly connected with the second crankshaft 11 . The input end of the first worm gear reducer 3 is coaxially fixedly connected with the third crankshaft 9 on the north and south columns. A driving mechanism 4 is mounted on a two-axis tracking unit, and the driving mechanism 4 drives the first worm gear reducer 3, and the third crankshaft 9 of two adjacent two-axis tracking units on the north-south column is connected by the connecting rod 5 to realize synchronization. Movement, thereby realizing the synchronous movement of the first worm gear reducer 3 of the two-axis tracking unit on the north-south column; the first crankshaft 2 of two adjacent two-axis tracking units on the east-west column is connected by the connecting rod 5, thereby realizing the column Synchronous motion A rotating support frame 10 is hinged on the column 1 and has a hinge point i. The rotary support frame 10 is connected to the first crankshaft 2 via a first crank linkage mechanism 7. The fourth crankshaft 22 and the component support frame are hinged on the rotary support frame 10. 6. The hinge point of the component support frame 6 is e, the fourth crankshaft 22 is connected to the component support frame 6 through the second crank linkage mechanism 12, and the fourth crankshaft 22 and the second crankshaft 11 are connected by the connecting rod 5 to realize synchronous movement. A photovoltaic module 8 is fixed to the component support frame 6.
所述驱动机构4包括电机401和第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402,电机401驱动第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402转动,第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机402与第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机3相连。The driving mechanism 4 includes a motor 401 and a second worm gear reducer 402. The motor 401 drives the second worm gear reducer 402 to rotate, and the second worm gear reducer 402 is connected to the first worm gear reducer 3.
所述第一曲柄连杆机构7和第二曲柄连杆机构12结构相同,均包括链轮701、滚子链盘702和传动杆703;在所述旋转支撑架10通过第一曲柄连杆机构7与第一曲轴2相连时,所述链轮701与第一曲轴2同轴固定连接,滚子链盘702铰接在立柱1上,铰接点为j,传动杆703的一端与滚子链盘702球铰接,铰接点为k,传动杆703的另一端与旋转支撑架10球铰接,铰接点为l,链轮701与滚子链盘702啮合传动;在所述第四曲轴22通过第二曲柄连杆机构12与组件支撑架6相连时,第四曲轴22与第二曲柄连杆机构12之间连接有换向器13,所述换向器13包括主动锥齿轮131和从动锥齿轮132,如图11和12所示,主动锥齿轮131和从动锥齿轮132垂直安装在壳体上,传动比为1,所述从动锥齿轮132铰接在旋转支撑架10上,所述主动锥齿轮131与第四曲轴22同轴固定连接,从动锥齿轮132与链轮701同轴固定连接,滚子链盘702铰接在旋转支撑架10上,铰接点为f,传动杆703的一端与滚子链盘702球铰接,铰接点为g,传动杆703的另一端与组件支撑架6球铰接,铰接点为h,链轮701与滚子链盘702啮合传动。The first crank link mechanism 7 and the second crank link mechanism 12 are identical in structure, and each includes a sprocket 701, a roller chain 702 and a transmission rod 703; the first support linkage mechanism is passed through the first crank linkage mechanism 7 is connected to the first crankshaft 2, the sprocket 701 is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft 2, the roller chain 702 is hinged on the column 1, the hinge point is j, one end of the transmission rod 703 and the roller chain plate 702 ball hinged, hinge point is k, the other end of the transmission rod 703 is hinged with the rotating support frame 10, the hinge point is l, the sprocket 701 meshes with the roller chain 702; the fourth crankshaft 22 passes the second When the crank link mechanism 12 is connected to the component support frame 6, a commutator 13 is connected between the fourth crankshaft 22 and the second crank link mechanism 12, and the commutator 13 includes a driving bevel gear 131 and a driven bevel gear. 132, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the driving bevel gear 131 and the driven bevel gear 132 are vertically mounted on the housing, the transmission ratio is 1, and the driven bevel gear 132 is hinged on the rotating support frame 10, the active The bevel gear 131 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the fourth crankshaft 22, and the driven bevel gear 132 is coaxially fixedly connected with the sprocket 701, and is rolled. The chain plate 702 is hinged on the rotating support frame 10, the hinge point is f, one end of the transmission rod 703 is hingedly connected with the roller chain plate 702, the hinge point is g, and the other end of the transmission rod 703 is hingedly connected with the component support frame 6 and hinged. The point is h, and the sprocket 701 meshes with the roller chain 702.
所述滚子链盘702包括圆盘7021、滚子7022和铆钉7023,所述滚子7022通过铆钉7023均匀铰接在圆盘7021的圆周上;使铰接点fg之间的距离L3小于铰接点he之间的距离L4,在滚子链盘702一直转动时,组件支撑架6会在β角范围内摆动,通过调节L3、L4 和传动杆703的长度可以调节β的大小,这种工作原理的特点在于电机不需要正反转就能实现光伏组件对太阳高度角的跟踪和复位,且不会出现电机失控造成跟踪装置损坏的情况,如图13所示。使铰接点jk之间的距离L5小于铰接点il之间的距离L6,在滚子链盘702一直转动时,旋转支撑架10会在γ角范围内摆动,通过调节L5、L6和传动杆703的长度可以调节γ的大小,这种工作原理的特点在于电机不需要正反转就能实现光伏组件对太阳方位角的跟踪和复位,且不会出现电机失控造成跟踪装置损坏的情况,如图14所示。The roller chain 702 includes a disc 7021, a roller 7022 and a rivet 7023. The roller 7022 is uniformly hinged on the circumference of the disc 7021 by a rivet 7023; the distance L3 between the hinge points fg is smaller than the hinge point he Between the distance L4, when the roller chain 702 is rotated all the time, the component support frame 6 will swing in the range of β angle, and the size of β can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of L3, L4 and the transmission rod 703. The characteristic is that the motor can track and reset the solar module to the solar height angle without the need of positive and negative reversal, and there is no damage to the tracking device caused by the motor out of control, as shown in FIG. The distance L5 between the hinge points jk is made smaller than the distance L6 between the hinge points il. When the roller chain 702 is rotated all the time, the rotary support frame 10 swings within the gamma angle range by adjusting L5, L6 and the transmission rod 703. The length of the γ can be adjusted. The characteristic of this working principle is that the motor can track and reset the solar azimuth of the solar module without positive and negative reversal, and there is no damage to the tracking device caused by the motor out of control. 14 is shown.
第一曲轴2上固定有链轮701,在第一曲轴2转动的同时链轮701带动滚子链盘702转动,滚子链盘702通过传动杆703带动旋转支撑架10转动,从而带动安装在旋转支撑架10上的组件支撑架6转动,进而带动固定在组件支撑架6的光伏组件8实现追踪太阳方位角的运动,同时第一曲轴2同轴固定有第二曲轴11,第二曲轴11通过连杆5带动安装在旋转支撑架10上的第四曲轴22做同步运动,进而带动换向器13转动,换向器13带动与其连接的链轮701转动,链轮701带动滚子链盘702转动,滚子链盘702通过传动杆703带动组件支撑架6转动,从而带动固定在组件支撑架6上的光伏组件8实现追踪太阳高度角的运动;在实施过程中,第二曲轴11与第四曲轴22的传动比为1,在第一曲柄连杆机构中,链轮和滚子链盘的传动比为i1,在第二曲柄连杆机构中,链轮和滚子链盘的传动比为i2,i1和i2的比值为1:2。通过对链轮701、滚子链盘702传动比的设定,使双轴跟踪装置完成一个自东向西跟踪太阳方位角的动作的同时,完成跟踪太阳高度角从早到晚由小变大再变小的动作,即驱动旋转支撑架10的滚子链盘702转一圈,驱动组件支撑架6的滚子链盘702转两圈。A sprocket 701 is fixed on the first crankshaft 2, and the sprocket 701 drives the roller sprocket 702 to rotate while the first crankshaft 2 rotates. The roller sprocket 702 drives the rotating support frame 10 to rotate through the transmission rod 703, thereby driving the installation. The component support frame 6 on the rotating support frame 10 rotates, thereby driving the photovoltaic module 8 fixed to the component support frame 6 to realize the movement of tracking the solar azimuth angle, while the first crankshaft 2 is coaxially fixed with the second crankshaft 11 and the second crankshaft 11 The fourth crankshaft 22 mounted on the rotating support frame 10 is synchronously moved by the connecting rod 5, thereby driving the commutator 13 to rotate, the commutator 13 drives the sprocket 701 connected thereto to rotate, and the sprocket 701 drives the roller chain plate. When the 702 is rotated, the roller chain 702 drives the component support frame 6 to rotate by the transmission rod 703, thereby driving the photovoltaic module 8 fixed on the component support frame 6 to track the movement of the solar elevation angle; during the implementation, the second crankshaft 11 and The transmission ratio of the fourth crankshaft 22 is 1. In the first crank linkage mechanism, the transmission ratio of the sprocket and the roller sprocket is i1, and in the second crank linkage, the transmission of the sprocket and the roller sprocket The ratio of i2, i1 and i2 is 1 :2. By setting the transmission ratio of the sprocket 701 and the roller sprocket 702, the two-axis tracking device completes an action of tracking the solar azimuth from east to west, and the tracking sun elevation angle is changed from small to large from early to late. The smaller the action, that is, the roller chain 702 of the rotary support frame 10 is rotated one turn, and the roller chain plate 702 of the drive unit support frame 6 is rotated two times.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,它由多个单轴跟踪单元依次排列连接而成,所述单轴跟踪单元包括立柱,在立柱上铰接有第一曲轴,在其中一个单轴跟踪单元上安装有第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机和驱动机构等,驱动机构驱动第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机输出端与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,相邻两个单轴跟踪单元的第一曲轴通过连杆连接,在立柱上球铰接有组件支撑架,铰接点为a,组件支撑架通过第一曲柄连杆机构与第一曲轴相连,所述组件支撑架上固定有光伏组件。A single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft connecting rod transmission, characterized in that it is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of single-axis tracking units, wherein the single-axis tracking unit comprises a column, and a first crankshaft is hinged on the column, A first worm gear reducer and a driving mechanism are mounted on one of the single-axis tracking units, and the driving mechanism drives the first worm gear reducer, and the output end of the first worm gear reducer is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, adjacent The first crankshafts of the two single-axis tracking units are connected by a connecting rod, and the component supporting frame is hinged on the column, the hinge point is a, and the component supporting frame is connected to the first crankshaft through the first crank connecting rod mechanism, and the component supporting A photovoltaic module is fixed on the frame.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,所述第一曲柄连杆机构包括链轮、滚子链盘和传动杆,所述链轮与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,滚子链盘铰接在立柱上,铰接点为b,传动杆的一端与滚子链盘球铰接,铰接点为c,传动杆的另一端与组件支撑架球铰接,铰接点为d,链轮与滚子链盘啮合传动。The crankshaft link transmission-based single-axis solar tracking device according to claim 1, wherein the first crank link mechanism comprises a sprocket, a roller chain plate and a transmission rod, and the sprocket and the first The crankshaft is coaxially fixedly connected, the roller chain plate is hinged on the column, the hinge point is b, one end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is c, and the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with the component support frame, and hinged The point is d, and the sprocket and the roller chain drive mesh.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,铰接点bc之间的距离L1小于铰接点ad之间的距离L2。A single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission according to claim 2, wherein the distance L1 between the hinge points bc is smaller than the distance L2 between the hinge points ad.
  4. 一种基于曲轴连杆传动的双轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,它由多个双轴跟踪单元矩形阵列排布连接而成,所述双轴跟踪单元包括立柱,在立柱上铰接有第一曲轴,在其中一南北列上的所有双轴跟踪单元上安装有第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机输出端与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,第一曲轴同轴固定连接有第二曲轴,第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机输入端同轴固定连接有第三曲轴,在该南北列上的一个双轴跟踪单元上安装有驱动机构,驱动机构驱动第一蜗轮蜗杆减速机,在该南北列上相邻两个双轴跟踪单元的第三曲轴通过连杆连接;在东西列上相邻两个双轴跟踪单元的第一曲轴通过连杆连接;在立柱上铰接有旋转支撑架,铰接点为i,旋转支撑架通过第一曲柄连杆机构与第一曲轴相连,旋转支撑架上铰接有第四曲轴和组件支撑架,组件支撑架的铰接点为e,第四曲轴通过第二曲柄连杆机构与组件支撑架相连,第四曲轴和第二曲轴通过连杆相连,所述组件支撑架上固定有光伏组件。A dual-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft connecting rod transmission, characterized in that it is formed by a plurality of biaxial tracking unit rectangular arrays arranged, the two-axis tracking unit comprises a column, and the first column is hinged on the column The crankshaft has a first worm gear reducer mounted on all the two-axis tracking units on one of the north and south columns. The output end of the first worm gear reducer is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, and the first crankshaft is coaxially fixedly connected. a crankshaft, a first crankshaft is fixedly connected to the input end of the first worm gear reducer, and a driving mechanism is mounted on a two-axis tracking unit on the north-south column, and the driving mechanism drives the first worm gear reducer in the north and south The third crankshafts of two adjacent two-axis tracking units are connected by a connecting rod; the first crankshafts of two adjacent two-axis tracking units are connected by a connecting rod on the east-west column; a rotating support frame is hinged on the column, and the hinge is hinged Point i, the rotating support frame is connected to the first crankshaft through a first crank linkage mechanism, and the fourth crankshaft and the component support frame are hinged on the rotating support frame, and the hinge point of the component support frame For e, the fourth crankshaft is coupled to the component support frame by a second crank linkage mechanism, and the fourth crankshaft and the second crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod, and the component support frame is fixed with a photovoltaic module.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基于曲轴连杆传动的双轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,所述第一曲柄连杆机构和第二曲柄连杆机构结构相同,均包括链轮、滚子链盘和传动杆等;在所述旋转支撑架通过第一曲柄连杆机构与第一曲轴相连时,所述链轮与第一曲轴同轴固定连接,滚子链盘铰接在立柱上,铰接点为j,传动杆的一端与滚子链盘球铰接,铰接点为k,传动杆的另一端与旋转支撑架球铰接,铰接点为l,链轮与滚子链盘啮合传动;在所述第四曲轴通过第二曲柄连杆机构与组件支撑架相连时,第四曲轴与第二曲柄连杆机构之间连接有换向器,所述换向器包括主动锥齿轮和从动锥齿轮,从动锥齿轮铰接在旋转支撑架上,所述主动锥齿轮与第四曲轴同轴固定连接,从动锥齿轮与链轮同轴固定连接,滚子链盘铰接在旋 转支撑架上,铰接点为f,传动杆的一端与滚子链盘球铰接,铰接点为g,传动杆的另一端与组件支撑架球铰接,铰接点为h,链轮与滚子链盘啮合传动。The crankshaft link transmission-based dual-axis solar tracking device according to claim 4, wherein the first crank link mechanism and the second crank link mechanism have the same structure, and both include a sprocket and a roller chain plate. And a transmission rod or the like; when the rotating support frame is connected to the first crankshaft through the first crank linkage mechanism, the sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected with the first crankshaft, and the roller chain plate is hinged on the column, and the hinge point is j, one end of the transmission rod is hinged with the roller chain ball, the hinge point is k, the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with the rotating support frame ball, the hinge point is l, the sprocket and the roller chain plate mesh with the transmission; When the four crankshafts are connected to the component support frame through the second crank linkage mechanism, a commutator is connected between the fourth crankshaft and the second crank linkage mechanism, and the commutator includes a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear. The moving bevel gear is hinged on the rotating support frame, the driving bevel gear is coaxially fixedly connected with the fourth crankshaft, the driven bevel gear is coaxially fixedly connected with the sprocket, and the roller chain plate is hinged on the rotating support frame, and the hinge point is f, one end of the drive rod and roll Sprocket ball hinge, the hinge point of the other end of the ball bracket hinge assembly, the hinge point g, the transmission rod is h, the roller chain sprocket engagement disc drive.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,铰接点fg之间的距离L3小于铰接点he之间的距离L4;铰接点jk之间的距离L5小于铰接点il之间的距离L6。A single-axis solar tracking device based on crankshaft link transmission according to claim 5, wherein the distance L3 between the hinge points fg is smaller than the distance L4 between the hinge points he; the distance L5 between the hinge points jk is smaller than The distance L6 between the hinge points il.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的基于曲轴连杆传动的单轴太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,所述第四曲轴和第二曲轴通过连杆相连,其传动比为1;在第一曲柄连杆机构中,链轮和滚子链盘的传动比为i1,在第二曲柄连杆机构中,链轮和滚子链盘的传动比为i2,i1和i2的比值为1:2。The crankshaft link transmission-based single-axis solar tracking device according to claim 5, wherein the fourth crankshaft and the second crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod, the gear ratio is 1; in the first crank connecting rod mechanism In the second crank linkage, the transmission ratio of the sprocket and the roller chain is i2, and the ratio of i1 and i2 is 1:2.
  8. 根据权利要求1或4所述的太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,所述驱动机构包括电机和第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机,电机驱动第二蜗轮蜗杆减速机转动。The solar energy tracking device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a second worm gear reducer, and the motor drives the second worm gear reducer to rotate.
  9. 根据权利要求1或4所述的太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,所述滚子链盘包括圆盘、滚子和铆钉,所述滚子通过铆钉均匀铰接在圆盘的圆周上。A solar tracking device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the roller chain includes a disc, a roller and a rivet, the roller being uniformly hinged to the circumference of the disc by a rivet.
  10. 根据权利要求1或4所述的的太阳能跟踪装置,其特征在于,所述连杆由两个杆端关节轴承、两个双头螺柱和一个螺纹套管组成,两个双头螺柱通过螺纹套管相连接,每根双头螺柱的外端部连接一个杆端关节轴承。The solar tracking device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the connecting rod is composed of two rod end joint bearings, two stud bolts and a threaded sleeve, and the two studs pass through The threaded sleeves are connected, and the outer end of each double stud is connected to a rod end joint bearing.
PCT/CN2018/071884 2017-01-18 2018-01-09 Single-shaft/double-shaft solar tracking device based on crankshaft linkage rod transmission WO2018133701A1 (en)

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