CN112234923A - Sun tracking light receiving support - Google Patents
Sun tracking light receiving support Download PDFInfo
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- CN112234923A CN112234923A CN202011068954.8A CN202011068954A CN112234923A CN 112234923 A CN112234923 A CN 112234923A CN 202011068954 A CN202011068954 A CN 202011068954A CN 112234923 A CN112234923 A CN 112234923A
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- light receiving
- tracking
- receiving component
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000127225 Enceliopsis nudicaulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
- F24S30/455—Horizontal primary axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which comprises a base, a supporting rocker, a pitching adjusting frame and a light receiving component fixing frame, wherein the base is arranged on the base; the lower end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the base, and the upper end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame; the light receiving component fixing frame is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame; the movement of the self-rotating shaft is realized by rotating the supporting rocker; the movement of the pitching shaft is realized by rotating the fixing frame of the light receiving component. The invention adopts a self-rotating-pitching type tracking mode and an equatorial coordinate system, can reduce the tracking energy consumption, improve the structural strength of the bracket, shorten the risk avoiding time length influencing the normal work and reduce the cleaning difficulty.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun.
Background
In the field of solar energy utilization, the use of a sun-tracking support is one of the most effective methods for improving the solar energy utilization efficiency, which can make the light receiving element as perpendicular as possible to the light to increase the amount of received light without changing the area of the light receiving element, thereby increasing the received solar energy. At present, common tracking support divide into unipolar and biax two kinds, and unipolar tracking support compares with biax tracking support, though can not accomplish in most time that photic subassembly and sun ray are perpendicular completely, but the cost increase is less and the solar energy who receives promotes more, therefore has higher cost-effectiveness ratio, is the mainstream form of present tracking support. The double-shaft tracking support can be completely vertical to the sunlight by the light receiving component, and the solar energy received by the unit area is the largest, but two power sources are generally needed, so the cost is higher, and the practical use is less than that of a single-shaft support. In order to reduce the number of control systems and power sources, a set of control systems and power sources are often linked with a plurality of tracking supports.
The single-axis tracking support is divided into a flat single axis, an inclined single axis and a vertical axis. The flat single shaft is divided into a rotating shaft placed in the north-south direction and a rotating shaft placed in the east-west direction. The flat single shaft arranged in the north-south direction of the rotating shaft rotates from the east to the west through the zenith along with the east rising and west falling of the sun every day; the horizontal single shaft arranged in the east-west direction of the rotating shaft changes the angle of the light receiving component along with the change of the solar altitude at noon in one year. The rotating shaft of the inclined single shaft is placed in the north-south direction and forms an angle with the horizontal plane, and the efficiency is stronger than that of a flat single shaft. The rotating shaft of the vertical shaft is vertical to the horizontal plane, and the light receiving component rotates from the right east to the right west through the right south along with the rising and falling of the sun every day. When the linkage is used, the flat single shaft can be linked along the direction of the rotating shaft and can also be linked in the vertical direction of the rotating shaft; the inclined single shaft can only be linked in the direction vertical to the rotating shaft; the linking direction of the vertical shaft is not limited. The linkage of the flat single shaft along the rotating shaft direction is generally that a main beam is arranged in the rotating shaft direction, the light receiving components rotate around the main beam through a purline frame, and the longer the length of the main beam is, the more the light receiving components are linked; the linkage of the flat single shaft along the vertical direction of the rotating shafts is generally realized by fixing a swing arm on the main beam, connecting the swing arms between the adjacent parallel rotating shafts through connecting rods, and the main beam is driven to rotate by the push-pull movement of the connecting rods. The linkage mode of the inclined single shaft is consistent with that of the flat single shaft in the vertical direction of the rotating shaft. The linkage of the vertical shaft is generally that a connecting rod is connected between adjacent pillars, and the direction angle of the connected light receiving component is changed by the rotation of the connecting rod along the axial direction.
The double-shaft tracking support is divided into an azimuth-pitching type, a roll-pitching type and a spin-pitching type according to a tracking coordinate system and different freedom directions. The azimuth-elevation type and the roll-elevation type are both tracking coordinate systems based on geodetic coordinate systems, and the azimuth-elevation type is driven by two degrees of freedom, namely an azimuth angle rotating in the direction vertical to the horizontal plane and a certain pitch angle rotating in the direction along the horizontal plane; the roll-pitch type is driven with two degrees of freedom, a roll angle and a pitch angle, which rotate in a pair of mutually perpendicular directions on a horizontal plane. The spin-pitch type adopts an equatorial coordinate system as a tracking coordinate system, and one degree of freedom is rotation in a certain fixed direction on a meridian plane and is called as a spin axis degree of freedom; the other degree of freedom is a pitch angle rotated in a direction perpendicular to the fixed direction on the horizontal plane, and is called a pitch axis degree of freedom. The degree of freedom of the self-rotating shaft refers to the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the self-rotating shaft of the earth, and is used for tracking the position change of the sun caused by the self-rotation of the earth; the degree of freedom of the pitching axis refers to the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the rotating shaft between the light receiving component fixing frame and the pitching adjusting frame, and is used for tracking the solar declination change caused by the revolution of the earth. When the device is used in linkage, the azimuth-pitching type generally only has a linkage azimuth angle, and the method is consistent with the vertical axis of a single shaft; the roll-pitch type generally drives two degrees of freedom to rotate through two connecting rods or steel cables respectively; the spin-pitch linkage mode is the same as the roll-pitch linkage mode.
In addition, in the double-axis tracking, the azimuth angle and the horizon height which need to be tracked when a geodetic coordinate system is adopted as a tracking coordinate system are changed rapidly, so that the tracking energy consumption is large; when the equatorial coordinate system is adopted to track the coordinate system, two parameters also need to be tracked, but the declination has a slow change speed, and only changes 0.26 degrees on average every day, so that the pitching angle does not need to be adjusted frequently during tracking, and the tracking energy consumption is low.
The existing double-axis tracking support usually needs two degrees of freedom to be adjusted simultaneously in the daily tracking process, and has the defect of high tracking energy consumption. In addition, the existing tracking support is often combined with a fixed component through a point or a line, the structural strength is low, for example, in the current flat single-shaft north-south linkage application, a main beam is generally arranged in the north-south direction and is fixed through a transmission system, a light receiving component rotates around the main beam on the main beam through a purline frame, in order to increase the area of the light receiving component driven by the transmission system, the length of the main beam of the tracking support is often lengthened, and the longer the length of the main beam is, the weaker the rigidity of the tracking support in the torsion direction is, so that the tracking precision of the whole support is reduced, and the wind resistance is weakened. In addition, the existing tracking support has the defect that each support supports the light receiving component in a small area so that the cleaning is troublesome due to the insufficient structural strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, the self-rotating-pitching type double-shaft tracking bracket with the self-rotating shaft parallel to the earth self-rotating shaft has the advantages that when the bracket runs in the tracking mode, the daytime tracking process only needs to adjust the self-rotating degree of freedom, and the aim of reducing the tracking energy consumption is fulfilled by omitting the adjustment of the pitching angle during daily tracking; the support structure based on the double rockers increases the structural strength by increasing the combination part of the light receiving assembly and the fixing part, improves the capability of bearing adverse meteorological conditions, and achieves the purpose of shortening the risk avoiding time length influencing normal work; the support structure has higher strength, and the area of the light receiving component supported by each support is increased, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the cleaning difficulty.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which comprises a base, a supporting rocker, a pitching adjusting frame and a light receiving component fixing frame,
the number of the bases is four, the four bases are grouped in pairs, and the fixing principle of each group of bases is that the projection of the spin axis of the tracking support at the top of each group of bases on the horizontal plane is in the positive north-south direction; the base made of cement or steel columns is fixed on the ground, the height of the base is changed according to the longitude and latitude of an installation place, the selection principle of the height of the base is to enable a rotating shaft between the base and the supporting rocker to be parallel to the earth rotating shaft, for example, when the invention is applied to a northern hemisphere, two bases on the northern side are higher than two bases on the southern side;
the base is arranged at the upper end of the base through a bolt and is adjustable in position; the lower end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the base through a pin shaft, the upper end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame through a pin shaft, and a space is reserved between the two fixing points of the supporting rocker and the pitching adjusting frame, so that the movement of the support in the direction of the self-rotating shaft accords with the characteristics of the double rockers; the upper end of the pitching adjusting frame is fixed with the upper end of the light receiving component fixing frame through a bearing; the light receiving component is fixed on the light receiving component fixing frame and moves with the light receiving component fixing frame in two degrees of freedom;
the power assembly is provided with two power sources, one power source provides a self-rotating shaft movement force, and the other power source provides a pitching shaft movement force; the power assembly is fixed at a proper place according to the requirement; the motion of the bracket in the direction of the self-rotating shaft is realized by rotating the supporting rocker; the movement of the bracket in the direction of the pitching axis is realized by rotating the light receiving component fixing frame.
Preferably, the included angle between the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame and the horizontal plane is changed within the range of +/-45 degrees, and the included angle between the upper plane of the light receiving component fixing frame and the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame is changed within the range of +/-23 degrees and 26 degrees. Therefore, the light receiving element can change +/-45 degrees along with the freedom degree of the light receiving element fixed frame in the spin axis, and can change +/-23 degrees 26' along with the freedom degree of the pitch axis. The degree of freedom of the self-rotating shaft refers to the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the self-rotating shaft of the earth, and is used for tracking the position change of the sun caused by the self-rotation of the earth; the degree of freedom of the pitching axis refers to the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the rotating shaft between the light receiving component fixing frame and the pitching adjusting frame, and is used for tracking the solar declination change caused by the revolution of the earth.
Preferably, the power assembly is an assembly driven by the tracking controller to generate reciprocating motion, and the power assembly can adopt an electric push rod or an electric cylinder or an electric hydraulic push rod or a turbine rotary speed reducer.
Preferably, the tracking controller is a controller for judging the sun direction and driving the power assembly to realize sun tracking according to the sun direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention provides a spin-pitch type double-shaft tracking support with a spin axis parallel to the earth spin axis, and when the support runs in the tracking mode, the daytime tracking process only needs to adjust one degree of freedom in spin. Therefore, on the premise of achieving the same tracking effect, the tracking energy consumption is effectively reduced.
2. The invention provides a support structure based on double rockers, which increases the structural strength by increasing the combination part of a light receiving component and a fixing part to disperse the stress. Therefore, the operation is more stable, and the tracking precision is higher; the capability of bearing adverse meteorological conditions is improved, the risk avoiding time length influencing normal work can be shortened in use, and the solar energy utilization time is prolonged; the area of the light receiving component supported by each bracket is increased, and the cleaning efficiency can be improved when the double shafts are used; in addition, when the invention is simplified into a flat single shaft for use, the light receiving components can be completely butted, so that the cleaning is more convenient, the efficiency is higher, and even a cleaning robot can be used for cleaning.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed for the embodiments that are illustrated with the installation position in the equatorial region will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a tracking light-receiving support (support only without drive);
FIG. 2 is a side view (looking north) of a tracking light-receiving mount (mount only without drive);
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a two-axis tracking gantry according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spin axis driving portion according to one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pitch axis driving part in the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a linked two-axis tracking mount according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a side view (looking north) of a linked two-axis tracking stand according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial view of the single carriage drive and transmission of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial view of the drive and transmission of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a pitch axis driving part in the second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional view of a linkage flat single-axis tracking stand according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view (looking north) of the linkage flat single axis tracking stand of the third embodiment;
wherein, 1, the light receiving component is fixed on the frame; 2, a pitching adjusting frame; 3 a self-rotating shaft connecting rod; 4 supporting the rocker; 5, a base; 6, a base; 7 a spin axis power source; 8 a pitch axis power source; 9 arc racks; 10 pitch adjustment gear; 11, a first transmission mechanism; 12, a second transmission mechanism; 13 a flexible shaft; 14 self-rotating shaft linkage connecting rods; 15 an input shaft of the transmission mechanism; 16 an output shaft of the transmission mechanism; 17 output shaft of the second transmission mechanism; 18 a worm; 19 a worm gear; 20 pitch axis drive shafts; 21 light receiving element.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, the self-rotating-pitching type double-shaft tracking bracket with the self-rotating shaft parallel to the earth self-rotating shaft has the advantages that when the bracket runs in the tracking mode, the daytime tracking process only needs to adjust the self-rotating degree of freedom, and the aim of reducing the tracking energy consumption is fulfilled by omitting the adjustment of the pitching angle during daily tracking; based on the support structure of the double-rocker, the structural strength is increased by increasing the combination part of the light receiving component 21 and the fixed part, the capability of bearing adverse meteorological conditions is improved, and the purpose of shortening the risk avoiding time length influencing normal work is achieved; the support has higher structural strength, and the area of the light receiving component 21 supported by each support is increased, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the cleaning difficulty.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 3-5, on the basis of only the bracket shown in fig. 1-2, a driving part is added to realize the function of independent biaxial tracking of one bracket. The light receiving element 21 is not shown for simplicity of drawing and clarity of presentation. The structure comprises a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4, a pitching adjusting frame 2, a light receiving component fixing frame 1, a self-rotating shaft connecting rod 3, an arc rack 9, a self-rotating shaft power source 7, a pitching shaft power source 8 and the like.
The added structure is as follows: two same self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 are connected with the middle pin shafts of the two supporting rocking rods 4; the lower ends of the two self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 are connected together through pin shafts; a circular arc rack 9 is also fixed on one beam of the light receiving component fixing frame 1, and a circular mandrel of the circular arc rack 9 is collinear with a rotating shaft between the pitching adjusting frame 2 and the light receiving component fixing frame 1; the arc rack 9 is in gear fit with a pitch adjusting gear 10 on an output shaft of the pitch shaft power source 8; the spin axis power source 7 is fixed on a single base 6; the motion of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating motion of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3, in the embodiment, an electric cylinder is taken as an example, and the tail end of a piston rod of the electric cylinder is fixed on a pin shaft at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3; the pitching shaft power source 8 is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame 2; the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the pitch axis direction is driven by the rotation of a pitch adjusting gear 10 on the output shaft of a pitch axis power source 8, and the embodiment takes the case that a motor drives a worm speed reducer as an example.
The working principle and the using process are described as follows:
the tracking bracket of the invention adopts an equatorial coordinate system for tracking, and the tracking variables are time and declination of the sun. Because the invention requires the spin axis to be parallel to the earth spin axis, the invention only needs to ensure that the spin axis change is reversely synchronous with the earth rotation when the spin axis tracks, or the rotation angle is consistent with the earth rotation angle in a period of time, and the earth rotation is almost uniform, so the average angular velocity when the spin axis tracks is 15 degrees/h. The lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame 2 is just vertical to the local meridian plane at the time of the solar sky, and the starting time and the ending time of normal tracking also depend on the time. The time of the back tracking when using the back tracking algorithm also takes into account the local sunrise and sunset time. In example one, the range of variation in the degree of freedom of the spin axes is ± 45 °, so that the time to start normal tracking is 3 hours before the solar midday time and the time to end normal tracking is 3 hours after the solar midday time. (in non-equatorial regions and when the inverse tracking algorithm is adopted, the change of sunrise time along with seasons is also considered, and the time for starting inverse tracking is adjusted). In the equatorial coordinate system, the declination of the sun changes periodically with the period of year, the change range is close to +/-23 degrees 26', the average daily change is only 0.26 degrees, and therefore the influence of the declination change of the sun on the solar energy received by the light receiving component 21 in the daily daytime tracking process of the support is negligible. Therefore, in the invention, the pitch angle does not need to be adjusted frequently during tracking, and the pitch angle is adjusted only once every day or every few days. Since the plane of the light receiving element fixing frame 1 is always vertical to the equatorial plane, the adjustment of the pitching angle is performed according to the declination of the sun on the corresponding date, and the angle is the same as the declination.
When the spin axis tracking is carried out, the spin axis power source 7 generates a reciprocating motion to push the pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3 to reciprocate on the motion trail of the pin shafts, meanwhile, the two spin axis connecting rods 3 are also driven to drive the supporting rocker 4 to change the included angle with the horizontal plane, the pitching adjusting frame 2 can change the included angle between the pitching adjusting frame and the meridian plane, and finally the light receiving component fixing frame 1 is caused to rotate in the spin axis direction. When the electric cylinder is completely extended out, the included angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the meridian plane is 45 degrees towards the west, and when the electric cylinder is completely retracted, the included angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the meridian plane is 45 degrees towards the east.
When the pitching axis tracking is carried out, the pitching axis power source 8 drives the pitching adjusting gear 10 on the output shaft to rotate so as to drive the arc rack 9 to move, and then the angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the pitching adjusting frame 2 is driven to change. The pitch axis power source 8 is a motor and a worm speed reducer, and has a self-locking function, namely the pitch axis power source 8 can still ensure that the angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the pitch adjusting frame 2 is unchanged when the pitch axis power source is not controlled.
When the controller is used, the angle change in the direction of the spin axis and the change of the stretching length of the electric cylinder are not in a linear relation, so a numerical relation function of the angle change in the direction of the spin axis and the change of the stretching length of the electric cylinder is required to be additionally added into the controller; if other closed-loop control is adopted, the design can be modified according to actual conditions.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6-10, on the basis of only the support shown in fig. 1-2, a driving part and a linkage mechanism are added, so that the function of performing biaxial tracking by linkage of the three supports in the east-west direction is realized. For simplicity and clarity of drawing, only a single row of 1 row × 3 mounts is shown in fig. 6-7, and in practice, the number of mounts per row may be any number, and the light receiving elements 21 are not shown. The structure comprises a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4, a pitching adjusting frame 2, a light receiving component fixing frame 1, a self-rotating shaft connecting rod 3, an arc rack 9, a self-rotating shaft power source 7, a pitching shaft power source 8, a first transmission mechanism 11, a second transmission mechanism 12, a flexible shaft 13, a linkage connecting rod 10, a pitching shaft transmission shaft 20 and the like.
The added structure is as follows: two same self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 are connected with the middle pin shafts of the two supporting rocking rods 4; the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3 are connected together through a pin shaft, and the pin shaft connection also fixes a spin axis linkage connecting rod 14; a circular arc rack 9 is also fixed on one beam of the light receiving component fixing frame 1, and a circular mandrel of the circular arc rack 9 is collinear with a rotating shaft between the pitching adjusting frame 2 and the light receiving component fixing frame 1; the arc rack 9 is in gear fit with a pitch adjusting gear 10 on an output shaft 16 of a first transmission mechanism 11; the first transmission mechanism 11 is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame 2 through bolts and can be finely adjusted in position, and the pitching adjusting gear 10 on the output shaft 16 of the first transmission mechanism 11 can be matched with the arc-shaped rack 9 in position; the second transmission mechanism 12 is fixed on a self-rotating shaft linkage connecting rod 14 close to the lower ends of the two self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 through bolts, and the position can be finely adjusted; an output shaft 17 of the second transmission mechanism 12 is connected to an input shaft 15 of the first transmission mechanism 11 through a flexible shaft 13; two ends of the self-rotating shaft linkage connecting rod 14 are fixed at the lower ends of two self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 of two adjacent tracking brackets through pin shafts; the spin axis power source 7 is fixed on a single base 6; the linkage motion of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating motion of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3, in the embodiment, an electric cylinder is taken as an example, and the tail ends of piston rods of the electric cylinder are fixed on pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3; the pitch axis power source 8 is fixed on one transmission mechanism II 12 through bolts, and an output shaft of the pitch axis power source is connected to a pitch axis transmission shaft 20 and can transmit torque; the linkage motion of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the pitch axis direction is driven by the pitch axis power source 8 to drive the pitch axis transmission shaft 20 to rotate through the gear 10 on the transmission mechanism output shaft 16 via the transmission mechanism two 12, the flexible shaft 13 and the transmission mechanism one 11, and the embodiment takes the motor as an example.
The inside of the transmission mechanism I11 is provided with a worm gear and worm mechanism, one end of the worm 18 is an input shaft 15 of the transmission mechanism I11, the lower end of the input shaft 15 of the transmission mechanism I is connected to an output shaft 17 of the transmission mechanism II 12 through a flexible shaft 13, a rotating shaft of the worm wheel 19 is an output shaft 16 of the transmission mechanism I11, the tail end of the output shaft 16 is fixedly provided with a cylindrical pitching adjusting gear 10, and the gear 10 is matched with the arc rack 9 on the light receiving component fixing frame 1. When the pitch axis power source 8 does not act, the pitch angle of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 is self-locked by the worm gear mechanism of the transmission mechanism I11. The inside of the second transmission mechanism 12 is a worm gear mechanism, the worm 18 and the pitch shaft transmission shaft 20 are fixed together to rotate synchronously, the upper end of the second transmission mechanism output shaft 17 is connected to the input shaft 15 of the first transmission mechanism 11 through the flexible shaft 13, and the rotating shaft of the worm gear 19 is the second transmission mechanism output shaft 17. Two ends of the pitch shaft transmission shaft 20 are fixed on the worm 18 of the transmission mechanism two 12 of the two adjacent tracking brackets.
The working principle and the using process are described as follows:
the working principle of the second embodiment when performing the two-axis tracking is the same as that of the first embodiment.
When the spin axis tracking is performed, the process is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the spin axis linkage connecting rod 14 drives the plurality of tracking supports to perform the spin axis freedom motion simultaneously.
When the pitching axis tracking is carried out, the pitching axis power source 8 drives the pitching axis transmission shaft 20 to rotate, then the worm 18 of the transmission mechanism II 12 is driven to rotate, then the worm gear mechanism drives the transmission mechanism II output shaft 17 to rotate, the transmission shaft 13 drives the transmission mechanism I input shaft 15 to rotate, then the worm gear mechanism of the transmission mechanism I11 drives the transmission mechanism I output shaft 16 to rotate, the pitching adjusting gear 10 of the transmission mechanism I output shaft 16 rotates, then the arc rack 9 is driven to move, and then the angle change between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the pitching adjusting frame 2 is driven. The pitch axis drive shaft 20 drives a plurality of tracking carriages to simultaneously perform pitch axis degree of freedom motion.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 11-12, on the basis of only tracking support, parts related to the movement of the pitch axis are subtracted, partial part structures are modified, a driving part and a linkage mechanism are added, and the function of single-axis tracking by linkage of three flat single axes in a matrix form is realized. For simplicity and clarity of drawing, only 1 row × 3 columns of array structures are shown in fig. 11-12, the number of columns may be any, the span of each column may also be adjustable, the light receiving element 21 in the drawing is a solar photovoltaic panel, the light receiving element 21 may be a mirror or a lens assembly or a combination of a mirror and a lens, or a concentrating cell assembly or a thermal energy receiver, etc. The structure comprises a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4, a light receiving component 21, a light receiving component fixing frame 1, a spin axis connecting rod 3, a spin axis power source 7, a spin axis linkage connecting rod 10 and the like.
The added structure is as follows:
two same self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 are connected with the middle pin shafts of the two supporting rocking rods 4; the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3 are connected together through a pin shaft, and the pin shaft connection also fixes a spin axis linkage connecting rod 14; two ends of the self-rotating shaft linkage connecting rod 14 are fixed at the lower ends of two self-rotating shaft connecting rods 3 of two adjacent tracking brackets through pin shafts; the spin axis power source 7 is fixed on a single base 6; the linkage motion of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating motion of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3, in this embodiment, an electric cylinder is taken as an example, and the tail end of a piston rod of the electric cylinder is fixed on a pin shaft at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3.
The working principle and the using process are described as follows:
the working principle of the third embodiment during single-axis tracking after the third embodiment is simplified into a flat single-axis form is consistent with the existing flat single-axis tracking principle. In every flat unipolar support of row, place the combination of a set of base 6, base 5, support rocker 4, photic subassembly mount 1 as required in the north-south upwards at a plurality of distances of interval, can prolong every flat unipolar span of row. In the single-axis tracking, because the whole row of light receiving component fixing frames 1 are fixed on a plane, after the support pushed by the spin axis power source 7 is pushed, the rest parts of the whole row of supports synchronously start to move. Compared with the existing flat single shaft, the number of supporting points when the light receiving component 21 rotates is increased, and the structural strength is increased; the light receiving elements 21 can be spliced together at the same small intervals, and cleaning is facilitated.
In performing the uniaxial tracking, the process is the same as the spin axis tracking in the second embodiment.
It should be noted that the connection mode of the moving parts in the present invention can be modified without changing the moving effect. The structure of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 can be reasonably modified according to requirements. So long as the same principle as the present invention is used, only simple substitution is within the scope of the present invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A light receiving support for tracking the sun, comprising: comprises a base, a supporting rocker, a pitching adjusting frame and a light receiving component fixing frame,
the number of the bases is four, the four bases are grouped in pairs, and the projections of the spin axes of the tracking supports at the tops of the bases in each group on the horizontal plane are in the positive north-south direction; the base made of cement or steel columns is fixed on the ground, the height of the base changes according to the longitude and latitude of an installation place, and the selection principle of the height of the base is to enable a rotating shaft between the base and the supporting rocker to be parallel to the earth rotating shaft;
the base is arranged at the upper end of the base through a bolt and is adjustable in position; the lower end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the base through a pin shaft, the upper end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame through a pin shaft, and a space is reserved between the two fixing points of the supporting rocker and the pitching adjusting frame; the upper end of the pitching adjusting frame is fixed with the upper end of the light receiving component fixing frame through a bearing; the light receiving component is fixed on the light receiving component fixing frame and moves with the light receiving component fixing frame in two degrees of freedom.
2. A sun tracking light receiving fixture according to claim 1, wherein: the change range of the included angle between the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame and the horizontal plane is-45 degrees, and the change range of the included angle between the upper plane of the light receiving component fixing frame and the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame is-23-26 degrees; the light receiving component can realize the variation of +/-45 degrees along the direction of the earth rotation axis along with the light receiving component fixing frame, and the variation of +/-23 degrees 26' along the direction of the rotation axis between the light receiving component fixing frame and the pitching adjusting frame along with the light receiving component fixing frame.
3. A sun tracking light receiving fixture according to claim 1, wherein: the power assembly is fixed on the base; the power assembly comprises two power sources, wherein one power source provides a self-rotating shaft motion force, the other power source provides a pitching shaft motion force, the power assembly is driven by the tracking controller to generate a reciprocating motion, and the power assembly can adopt an electric push rod or an electric cylinder or an electro-hydraulic push rod or a turbine rotary speed reducer.
4. A sun tracking light receiving support according to claim 3, wherein: and the tracking controller is used for judging the sun direction and driving the power assembly to track the sun according to the sun direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011068954.8A CN112234923A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Sun tracking light receiving support |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011068954.8A CN112234923A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Sun tracking light receiving support |
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| CN112234923A true CN112234923A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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| CN202011068954.8A Pending CN112234923A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Sun tracking light receiving support |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115586799A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-10 | 中建一局集团装饰工程有限公司 | Photovoltaic tracking unit, system, installation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| US20150122309A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-05-07 | Inventive Power S.A. De C.V. | Flexible system of small-scale linear parabolic solar concentrators for power generation and dehydration |
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| US20120180846A1 (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2012-07-19 | Indra Sistemas, S.A. | Solar tracker for the orientation of solar panels |
| US20150122309A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-05-07 | Inventive Power S.A. De C.V. | Flexible system of small-scale linear parabolic solar concentrators for power generation and dehydration |
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