CN115586799B - Photovoltaic tracking unit, system, installation method, device, apparatus and storage medium - Google Patents
Photovoltaic tracking unit, system, installation method, device, apparatus and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN115586799B CN115586799B CN202211285728.4A CN202211285728A CN115586799B CN 115586799 B CN115586799 B CN 115586799B CN 202211285728 A CN202211285728 A CN 202211285728A CN 115586799 B CN115586799 B CN 115586799B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The application discloses a photovoltaic tracking unit, a system, an installation method, a device, equipment and a storage medium, wherein the photovoltaic tracking unit comprises: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller; wherein, a driving device is arranged at the top end of the supporting piece; the driving device is fixed at the top end of the supporting piece and is used for driving the photovoltaic module fixing device and the photovoltaic module to perform pitching motion under the control of the controller; and the controller is electrically connected with the driving device and used for controlling the driving device to drive the photovoltaic module fixing device to rotate. According to the method, the photovoltaic module can perform pitching motion under the control of the controller, so that tracking of the sun is realized, and the utilization rate of solar energy can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic tracking unit, a photovoltaic tracking system, a photovoltaic installation method, a photovoltaic installation device, photovoltaic equipment and a photovoltaic storage medium.
Background
In the related art, the photovoltaic module is fixed on the support, and can not move along with the angle of the sun because the photovoltaic module is fixed, when the sun moves from east to west in the course of a day, the sunlight angle received by the photovoltaic module can be continuously changed, and when the sunlight angle can be smaller, the utilization rate of solar energy is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The main object of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic tracking unit, a system, a mounting method, an apparatus, a device and a storage medium to solve the above-mentioned problems.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic tracking unit includes: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller;
wherein the driving device is arranged at the top end of the supporting piece;
the driving device is fixed at the top end of the supporting piece and is used for driving the photovoltaic module fixing device and the photovoltaic module to perform pitching motion under the control of the controller;
the controller is electrically connected with the driving device and used for controlling the driving device to drive the photovoltaic module fixing device to rotate.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: a damper; one end of the damper is connected with the supporting piece; the other end is connected with the photovoltaic module fixing device; for limiting the range of motion of the photovoltaic module fixture.
In one embodiment, the driving device further comprises a motor, a transmission device and a main beam;
the motor is used for rotating forward and backward under the control of the controller, and the driving device drives the main beam to rotate forward or backward so as to drive the photovoltaic fixed assembly and the photovoltaic assembly to perform pitching motion;
the photovoltaic module fixing device includes: purlin, purlin diagonal bracing; two ends of the purline are respectively provided with a purline diagonal brace, one end of the purline diagonal brace is fixedly connected with one end of the purline, and the other end of the purline diagonal brace is fixedly connected with the main girder;
the purline and the purline diagonal brace are respectively provided with corresponding through holes, and the purline diagonal brace are fixedly connected through the fixing piece penetrating through the through holes of the purline and the purline diagonal brace;
the through holes are positioned at the positions, close to the main beam, on the purlines and the purline diagonal braces.
In a second aspect, the application further provides a photovoltaic tracking system, which comprises a plurality of tracking units, wherein the tracking units are sequentially connected end to form a solar photovoltaic array.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for installing a photovoltaic tracking system, the photovoltaic tracking system comprising a plurality of photovoltaic tracking units; each photovoltaic tracking unit includes: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a main beam, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring order data in a photovoltaic tracking system of the engineering project;
the order data includes: the number of photovoltaic tracking units in the engineering project, and an engineering drawing for each photovoltaic tracking unit;
acquiring installation information of the engineering project, wherein the installation information comprises: a step of installation, wherein tools used in each step are used for the number of operators;
responding to the determination that the current installation step is finished, acquiring related content of the next installation step, and sending prompt information; the prompt message comprises: parts to be installed in the next installation step and attention information required;
the attention information includes: related safety attention information and pretightening force information in the next installation step.
In one embodiment, the installing step includes:
preparing construction;
installing a support;
installing a driving device:
installing a photovoltaic module fixing device and a photovoltaic module;
the photovoltaic tracking unit further includes a damper, the method further comprising: installing a damper, comprising:
mounting and fixing the damper base at a predetermined position of the support;
fixing a first end of the damper to the damper base;
and fixing the second end of the damper on the photovoltaic module fixing device.
In one embodiment, the construction preparation work includes:
checking whether the axes and the elevations of the foundation are consistent with the dimensions of the axes and the elevations of the foundation in the engineering drawing according to the engineering drawing, analyzing the unqualified axes and elevations, and providing a correction requirement for a design party of the engineering drawing;
checking the quantity and quality of the products of the photovoltaic tracking system, and if the unqualified products of the photovoltaic tracking system are found, providing a rectifying requirement for a provider of the products;
after checking the foundation of the photovoltaic tracking system product and the construction site, determining the installation positions of the supporting pieces, and ensuring that a plurality of supporting pieces are positioned on a virtual straight line in the north-south direction;
Determining the distance between adjacent supporting pieces in each photovoltaic tracking unit and the number of the supporting pieces according to the size of the photovoltaic modules so that after the installation is finished, the photovoltaic modules of two adjacent photovoltaic tracking units in each row are free from interference;
determining the distance between two adjacent rows to ensure that the photovoltaic modules of the two adjacent rows have no interference after the whole photovoltaic tracking system is installed;
counting the number of operators, equipment and tools on site; determining that the operator, device, tool, or instrument has reached a predetermined number threshold in the installation information.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides an installation apparatus of a photovoltaic tracking system, where the photovoltaic tracking system includes a plurality of photovoltaic tracking units; each photovoltaic tracking unit includes: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a main beam, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller;
the device comprises:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring order data in the photovoltaic tracking system of the engineering project;
the order data includes: the number of photovoltaic tracking units in the engineering project, and an engineering drawing for each photovoltaic tracking unit;
The second obtaining module is used for obtaining the installation information of the engineering project, and the installation information comprises: a step of installation, wherein tools used in each step are used for the number of operators;
the processing module is used for responding to the determination that the current installation step is finished and sending prompt information of the next installation step, and the prompt information comprises: parts to be installed in the next installation step and attention information required;
the attention information includes: related safety attention information in the next installation step and pretightening force information of related fasteners used in the next step.
In a fifth aspect, the present application proposes a photovoltaic tracking system installation apparatus comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory; the memory is used for storing one or more program instructions; the processor is configured to execute one or more program instructions to perform a method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
In a sixth aspect, the present application also proposes a computer readable storage medium having one or more program instructions embodied therein for performing the method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
The photovoltaic tracking unit is provided with the controller, and the driving device is controlled by the controller, so that the photovoltaic module can perform pitching motion, tracking of the sun is realized, and the utilization rate of the solar energy can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings and their description are illustrative of the application and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic tracking unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view of another driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic side view of another driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a photovoltaic tracking unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic tracking method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of another photovoltaic tracking method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic tracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic tracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
11-a support; 12-a driving device; 13-photovoltaic module fixing device; 14-a photovoltaic module; 15-a controller; 16-a bracket; 17-double ended bearings; 123-main beams; 122-transmission; 121-a drive motor; 1221-a drum; 1222-a first pulley; 1223-a second pulley; 1224—driven wheel; 1225-a connection base; 1226-side connection plates; 81-a first acquisition module; 82-a second acquisition module; 83-a processing module; 91-a processor; 92-memory.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are only used to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the indicated devices, elements or components to the particular orientations or to configure and operate in the particular orientations.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," "coupled," and "sleeved" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The application provides a photovoltaic tracking unit, which is shown in a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic tracking unit in the figure 1; the photovoltaic tracking unit includes: the photovoltaic module comprises a support 11, a driving device 12, a photovoltaic module fixing device 13, a photovoltaic module 14 and a controller 15; wherein the driving means 12 is provided at the top end of the support 11;
In particular, the number of supports 11 of one photovoltaic support unit may be three, including one middle support and two side supports. Wherein the distance of the middle support from each side support is equal. The driving device can be arranged on each supporting piece, or only one supporting piece can be provided with the driving device, and in order to improve the installation efficiency, the driving device is preferably arranged on the middle supporting piece, so that the basic control effect can be achieved, and the installation efficiency can be improved.
The driving device 12 is fixed on the top end of the supporting piece 11 and is used for driving the photovoltaic module fixing device 13 and the photovoltaic module 14 to perform pitching motion under the control of the controller 15; in particular, the driving means 12 may be provided with through holes, which may be bolted to the support 11 described above.
The controller 15 is electrically connected to the driving device 12, and is used for controlling the driving device 12 to drive the photovoltaic module fixing device 13 to perform a rotational motion.
The controller 15 may be provided in an integrated control box, which may be provided on the middle support. The fixing method can be welding or bolt fastening, and in order to improve the installation and construction efficiency, the fixing is preferably performed by adopting a fastening mode.
According to the photovoltaic tracking unit, the controller is arranged, so that the controller can control the driving device to drive the main beam to rotate, and the main beam can drive the photovoltaic module to perform pitching motion, so that the angle adjustment for driving the photovoltaic module to pitch can be realized, tracking movement can be realized along with movement of the sun, the sunlight angle is improved, and the solar energy utilization rate is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the driving device 12 further includes a motor 121, a transmission 122, and a main beam 123; the motor 121 is configured to rotate forward and backward under the control of the controller 15, and drive the main beam 123 to rotate forward or backward through the transmission device, so as to drive the photovoltaic fixing assembly and the photovoltaic assembly to perform pitching motion.
Referring to fig. 3, the transmission 122 includes: a drum 1221, a wire rope, a first pulley 1222, a second pulley 1223, a driven pulley 1224, and a connection base 1225; the output shaft of the motor is sleeved with the roller 1221; winding the wire rope on the drum 1221; the driven wheel 1224 is connected to the main beam 123 via the connection base 1225. The connection base 1225 has a groove formed therein, and the girder 123 is inserted into the groove and fixed by a pressing plate and a fastener.
The whole system also comprises two brackets 16 respectively arranged at two sides, a double-end bearing 17 is arranged at the intersection point of the top ends of the two brackets 16 at each side, a rotating shaft is sleeved in the two double-end bearings 17, and a driven wheel 1224 is sleeved on the outer rings of the two double-end bearings 17 at two sides, so that the rotation around the rotating shaft can be realized. When the driven wheel 1224 rotates, the connected main beam 123 may be driven to rotate.
Referring to fig. 4, the transmission 122 further includes two side connection plates 1226, and a through hole is provided in each side connection plate 1226 for bolting with the through hole in the support.
The driven wheel 1224 may be a fan-shaped structure, including a circular arc edge, a first straight edge and a second straight edge; the first end of the steel wire rope passes through the first pulley and is fixed at one end of the driven wheel 1224; specifically, after the first section of the wire rope passes through the first pulley, the first section of the wire rope passes through the groove in the first linear portion along the first groove in the circular arc edge of the driven wheel 1224, and reaches the second end of the driven wheel 1224, so as to fix the first section of the wire rope, which may be fixed by using a swing bolt.
The second end of the wire rope is fixed at the second end of the driven wheel 1224 through the second pulley; specifically, after passing through the second pulley, the second end of the wire rope passes through the second groove in the circular arc edge of the driven wheel 1224, passes through the groove in the second straight line portion, and reaches the second end of the driven wheel 1224, and is fixed. The joint bolts may be used for fixation.
When in installation, a steel wire rope is installed on the roller and is fastened by a fastener and an M12x60 bolt; after the two ends of the steel wire rope respectively bypass the inclined pulley and the flat pulley, the steel wire rope passes through the loose joint bolt holes and penetrates into the tensioning ratchet wheel assembly holes, the ratchet wheel assembly is rotated by the stressing rod to tension the steel wire rope, then nuts on loose joint bolts on the two sides of the driven wheel 1224 are adjusted, the steel wire rope is finally tensioned, the driven wheel 1224 is vertical to the base after the steel wire rope is installed, and the first main beam is positioned at the horizontal position.
In one installed embodiment, the first pulley is on the east side of driven wheel 1224 and the second pulley is on the west side of driven wheel 1224.
Firstly, installing a steel wire rope on a roller, fastening the middle position of the steel wire rope by a fastener, winding the steel wire rope at one end of the west side from bottom to top for 2.5 circles on the upper part of the roller, extending from the west side to the east, entering the first pulley from the upper part of the first pulley, winding by 180 degrees, then winding along a first groove of a driven wheel 1224, penetrating a movable joint bolt hole, penetrating into a tensioning ratchet assembly hole of the driven wheel 1224, penetrating out by about 10cm, and tensioning the steel wire rope by rotating a tensioning ratchet assembly by using a stress application rod, wherein the stress application rod can be made of round steel with the diameter of 16 mm; the other end of the steel wire rope winds 2.5 circles from top to bottom, then extends from east to west to the north side of the second pulley to enter the second pulley, winds 180 degrees, winds from the south side of the second pulley, extends into a second groove of the driven wheel 1224 from east to west, winds around the east side of the driven wheel 1224, passes through a movable joint bolt hole, penetrates into a tensioning ratchet assembly hole, penetrates out by about 10cm, then uses a stressing rod to rotate the tensioning ratchet assembly to tension the steel wire rope, finally adjusts nuts on movable joint bolts on the east and west sides of the driven wheel 1224 until the steel wire rope is fully tensioned, then powers on a driving device, rotates the driven wheel 1224 to the greatest angle on the east side respectively, loosens the movable joint bolts on the east side when the driven wheel is rotated to the east side, uses a stressing rod to rotate the tensioning ratchet assembly to continuously tension the steel wire rope, loosens the movable joint bolts on the west side when the driven wheel 1224 is rotated to the west side, uses the stressing rod to continuously tension the steel wire rope, finally reaches a tensioning state, and finally installs a cover plate of the driven wheel 1224.
When the ratchet wheel assemblies on two sides pretension the steel wire rope, the driven wheel 1224 needs to be ensured to be in a horizontal position, and the ratchet wheel assemblies are rotated to tension the steel wire rope respectively; the steel wire rope needs to be smooth when rotating back and forth, and the steel wire rope needs to be prevented from sliding out of the wheel groove. Note that when the steel wire rope is installed, the steel wire rope needs to be in a tight state, the steel wire rope can be completely tensioned when the driven wheels 1224 respectively turn to the maximum angles on the two sides of the object, and the operation and maintenance are still needed to be tensioned for a plurality of times in the initial stage of operation. And strictly forbidden to cut the short steel wire rope.
When the controller works, the rotating shaft of the motor is controlled to rotate in a first direction, and the driven wheel 1224 is driven to move in the first direction through the steel wire rope. The controller controls the rotating shaft of the motor to rotate towards a second direction, and the driven wheel 1224 is driven to move towards the second direction through the steel wire rope.
In some embodiments, the driven wheel 1224 may be welded using a steel plate, and may have a generally fan shape, and may further include a reinforcing rib along a diameter direction. For improved safety, a stop plate may also be provided at each of the two positions of the sector with respect to the shaft pair. The arc edge of the driven wheel 1224 is provided with two grooves; a groove is respectively arranged on each linear edge; the groove is used for accommodating the passing steel wire rope. After the installation is completed, the bottom of the arc and the two pulleys are positioned on the same horizontal line so as to facilitate the passing of the steel wire rope.
Referring to fig. 5, the photovoltaic module fixing apparatus 13 includes: purlin 131, purlin diagonal bracing 132; two ends of the purline 131 are respectively provided with a purline diagonal brace 132, one end of the purline diagonal brace 132 is fixedly connected with one end of the purline 131, and the other end is fixedly connected with the main beam; the purline 131 and the purline diagonal brace 132 are respectively provided with corresponding through holes, and the purline 131 and the purline diagonal brace 132 are fixedly connected through fixing pieces penetrating through the through holes of the purline 131 and the purline diagonal brace 132; wherein the through holes are located on the purlins 131 and purlin diagonal braces 132 near the main beams 123.
When installing above-mentioned photovoltaic module fixing device, especially, need pay attention to, need adopt suitable bolt, adopt corresponding suitable pretightning force to fasten, because if pretightning force is too big, can lead to the impaired deformation of purlin, if pretightning force is too little, can lead to whole photovoltaic module fixing device's structure weak again.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: a damper 18; one end of the damper 18 is connected to the supporting member 11; the other end is connected with the photovoltaic module fixing device 13, in particular, the other end of the damper 18 is connected with the purline diagonal bracing 132; for limiting the range of motion of the photovoltaic module fixture 13.
Under the drive of the motor, the photovoltaic module fixing device may move beyond a preset threshold value due to the control error of the motor and the like, so that the stability of the photovoltaic module fixing device is affected, and the safety performance is improved. The damper can reduce the movement amplitude of the photovoltaic module fixing device, so that the photovoltaic module fixing device is prevented from exceeding a preset threshold value to cause damage to a mechanical structure, and the protection effect is achieved.
In some embodiments, an eccentric compensation device may also be provided, the eccentric compensation device being provided near the support on both sides. For decentering compensation of the whole photovoltaic tracking unit.
In some embodiments, the support is made of H-shaped steel, or square tubes. Wherein, when support piece can be 3, be in the support piece in the middle can adopt the steel of H type, be in the support piece on both sides can adopt square pipe, and common steel in market adopts this kind of steel as support piece, and firm in structure is owing to have the plane of rectangle, is convenient for carry out the trompil, bolted connection installs, uses simple to operate, improves the efficiency of installation.
In a second aspect, the application further provides an installation method of the photovoltaic tracking system, wherein the photovoltaic tracking system is the photovoltaic tracking system and comprises a plurality of photovoltaic tracking units; each photovoltaic tracking unit includes: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a main beam, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller; referring to fig. 6, the method includes:
Step S601, obtaining order data in a photovoltaic tracking system of an engineering project, where the order data includes: the number of photovoltaic tracking units in the engineering project, and the engineering drawing of each photovoltaic tracking unit.
Specifically, the order data may be displayed on a mobile terminal of a constructor, or may be displayed on a desktop, where the order data may be obtained from a server in the cloud. Before the construction operation is started, a constructor can obtain the order data through a mobile terminal or a desktop computer and other equipment, wherein the engineering drawing can be an electronic version drawing, the requirement of the installation size is marked in the drawing, and the constructor can open the electronic version engineering drawing to install according to the engineering drawing.
Step S602, obtaining installation information of the engineering project, where the installation information includes: and (3) installing, namely using tools in each step, and operating personnel.
Specifically, the installation information of the engineering project can be obtained from a cloud server or a server of the construction site.
Step S603, in response to determining that the current installation step is finished, acquiring the related content of the next installation step, and sending a prompt message, where the prompt message includes: the parts to be mounted in the next mounting step and the relevant attention information.
The prompt information may be a text prompt or a voice prompt. The attention information includes: relevant safety attention information in the next installation step and pretightening force information of relevant fasteners used in the next step.
For example, after the constructor completes the current installation step, the constructor may click a button on the mobile terminal for completing the current step, and the mobile terminal may display the prompt information of the next installation step, or after the cloud server receives the message of ending the current installation step, the constructor sends the prompt information of the next installation step to the mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal displays the prompt information of the next installation step.
In the step of installing the supporting member, it should be noted that, the pre-tightening force of the fastening member may include the type of the bolt used in the step and the pre-tightening force of the bolt, so that an operator can quickly find the bolt according to the type of the bolt, and fasten the bolt according to the pre-tightening force, so that the problem that the bolt is fastened by applying a very large error pre-tightening force to damage materials is avoided, and the problem of loosening caused by the fact that the force cannot meet the requirement is avoided.
For example, in the process of installing the driving device, the steel wire rope needs to be installed, and the prompt information may include an installation instruction of the steel wire rope in the step.
For example, the safety notice information may be a safety item to be noticed in each step, or may be a safety notice before the employee enters the site, for example, the prompt information may be that a helmet needs to be worn before the employee enters the site.
The security information includes, but is not limited to: in order to improve the safety of construction, remind constructors to wear safety helmet when entering the construction site, buckle the cap belt, and correctly use personal labor protection articles. All selected machines, tools and the like are strictly checked, and unqualified products are strictly forbidden. The safety belt is worn in high-altitude operation, the safety hook is buckled, and objects such as materials, tools and the like are not scattered downwards or upwards. The temporary electricity consumption of the constructors at the construction site is reminded to be executed strictly according to relevant specification.
The safety information further comprises environment-friendly safety requirement information: in order to improve the environmental protection of construction, adopt low noise instrument, avoid producing noise pollution. In the construction process, the noise emission is ensured to reach the standard: the daytime is less than or equal to 65dB, and the nighttime is less than or equal to 55dB. The site materials, equipment, tools and the like are orderly stacked, the working site is clear, and the civilized construction is realized. The material entering and garbage exiting are carried out before 10 points later, and the construction at night is forbidden. The garbage generated on the construction site must be cleaned in the same day, so that the site is cleaned. The cleaning site is cleaned for 1 to 2 times every day, before cleaning, the road surface is sprayed with water, dust and garbage cleaned by surrounding environment pollution caused by dust raising during cleaning are prevented from being generated, and the garbage cleaned every day is transported to a garbage storage point in time and is covered. Reinforcing propaganda education, strictly forbidden loud noise, and controlling artificial noise of construction.
According to the technical scheme, each installation step, parts, fasteners, safety information and attention information required by the installation step can be displayed and prompted by means of electronic equipment such as a mobile terminal, a computer and the like, so that even a worker newly participating in a work can efficiently install the electronic equipment, the installation efficiency is remarkably improved, and the installation effect is improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides a photovoltaic tracking system, which comprises a plurality of tracking units, wherein the tracking units are sequentially connected end to form a solar photovoltaic array.
In a third aspect, the present application also discloses an installation method for installing a photovoltaic tracking system, referring to fig. 7, the installation method may include the following steps:
step S701, construction preparation work.
Step S702, installing a support.
Specifically, the support piece comprises a stand column and a stand column base; the installation of the stand column is the foundation for the installation of the whole bracket, and the stand column is required to be vertical, equal in height and neat.
The vertical direction means that every upright post is installed by 90 degrees relative to the north and south, the upright post base is effectively contacted with the pile head by using a horizontal ruler, a suspension gap is not needed, the installation bolts are fastened in place, if the adjusting bolts are adopted, secondary grouting is needed, the upright post bottom plate is ensured not to be suspended, and the stress is effectively transferred to the pile.
The equal height means that the height of each set of upright posts is on a horizontal plane, and if the height of each set of upright posts is not on a plane, the height of the photovoltaic module is higher or lower than the height of the photovoltaic module; the limited area requires each row to be of equal height.
Neat means that each system column is required to be on the same straight line, and the main beam and the photovoltaic module are easy to install and operate, so that the resistance is reduced.
Step S703, installing a driving device.
Specifically, the device comprises a fixed connection of a mounting driving device and a main beam, and the fixed connection of the mounting driving device and the upright post. The girder level is a linear arrangement, and the height at both ends is unanimous, and the line of stand on north and south axis alignment both sides is needed.
Step S704, installing a photovoltaic module fixing device and a photovoltaic module.
Specifically, the installation position of the photovoltaic module at the middle part needs to be accurate, and the installation of the photovoltaic module needs to be smooth and firm. The gap spacing between two adjacent photovoltaic modules is 20mm in the north-south direction, 60mm in the east-west direction and the longitudinal and transverse gaps are respectively in a straight line. The photovoltaic module connecting wire is arranged to enable the photovoltaic module connecting wire to be shortest, two wire ends are led downwards along the upright post, the lead is in a loose state during rotation tracking, the lead is not tensioned and is not wound, the length of the connecting wire is calculated in advance during field operation, and a certain allowance is ensured.
Step S705, installing a damper, may specifically include the steps of: mounting and fixing the damper base at a predetermined position of the support; fixing a first end of the damper to the damper base; and fixing the second end of the damper on the photovoltaic module fixing device.
It is also possible to install an eccentricity compensator after the above-described step S705.
After the whole photovoltaic driving unit is installed, connecting the single photovoltaic driving units end to end in sequence to form a whole, and obtaining the photovoltaic driving system. During connection, the main beams of two adjacent photovoltaic driving units can be connected by adopting a fastener.
In some embodiments, the construction preparation may further comprise the steps of:
checking whether the axes and the elevations of the foundation are consistent with the dimensions of the axes and the elevations of the foundation in the engineering drawing according to the engineering drawing, analyzing the unqualified axes and elevations, and providing a correction requirement for a design party of the engineering drawing;
wherein, the axis should be strictly controlled according to the construction specification. The construction is strictly required according to the drawing, the error of the embedded part meets the design requirement, the relative positions of the supporting foundations are accurate, the east-west axis deviation is ensured to be within +/-10 mm, and the north-south axis deviation is ensured to be within +/-10 mm.
Elevation requirements: height deviation of each base surface: all are within + -20 mm of the design value. The civil construction is checked and accepted by a supervision or an owner, and the deviation value of the axis and the elevation and the design is presented to the installation unit.
And checking the quantity and quality of the arrival of the photovoltaic tracking system products, and if the unqualified photovoltaic tracking system products are found, providing a rectifying requirement for the suppliers of the products.
See the statistics of the components of the photovoltaic unit in one embodiment shown in table 1;
| sequence number | Name of the name | Specification of specification | Quantity of |
| 1 | Driving single upright post | H-shaped steel H200X 100X 3.0X 4.3 | 1 |
| 2 | Driving assembly | R=250 | 1 |
| 3 | Sector wheel pressing plate | δ=6 | 1 |
| 4 | M16x50 bolt | Containing 1 mother 1 bullet 2 flat | 10 |
| 5 | M12×40 bolt | Containing 1 mother 1 bullet 2 flat | 8 |
| 6 | Two-sided single support column | 140×80×3.0 square tube, l=1005 | 4 |
| 7 | End part single support column | 140×80×3.0 square tube, l=1005 | 4 |
| 8 | Single support bearing | Phi 20 shaped piece | 8 |
| 9 | Middle support part | Special-shaped piece delta=8 | 4 |
| 10 | Middle support pressing plate | C208×140×30×6 | 4 |
| 11 | Edge support part | Special-shaped piece delta=8 | 4 |
| 12 | Edge support pressing plate | C208×215×30×6 | 4 |
| 13 | Single supporting shaft | Phi 20 x 110, M20 thin nut, M6 x 40 cotter pin | 8 |
| 14 | Main girder I | 140×140×3.5， L=10800 | 4 |
| 15 | Main girder II | 140×140×3.5， L=11200 | 1 |
| 16 | Girder connecting plate | Special-shaped piece delta=6 | 8 |
| 17 | M16×190 screw bolt | Containing 1 mother 1 bullet 2 flat | 554 |
| 18 | M16×50 screw bolt | Containing 1 mother 1 bullet 2 flat | 80 |
| 19 | Damper | ZN-TS500-PYS14 | 4 |
| 20 | Damper base | Special-shaped piece delta=6 | 4 |
| 21 | M16×50 bolt | 1-containing 1-nut 2-bullet 1-flat | 8 |
| 22 | M14X 65 bolt | Containing 1 mother 1 bullet 2 flat | 8 |
| 23 | Middle purline | C60×32×10×2 | 51 |
| 24 | Edge purlin | C60×32×10×2 | 2 |
| 25 | Purlin diagonal bracing | U50×35×2 | 106 |
| 26 | Purlin support | L40×40×4 | 53 |
| 27 | M12×180 common bolt | 2. Flat 1 bullet 1 nut | 106 |
| 28 | M12×30 common bolt | 2. Flat 1 bullet 1 nut | 212 |
| 29 | Middle support part of assembly | 60×90×3 | 204 |
| 30 | Component edge support | 40×40×3 | 16 |
| 31 | Pressing block in assembly | Aluminum alloy | 204 |
| 32 | M10×60 common bolt | 1. Flat 1 bullet 1 nut | 204 |
| 33 | M8×25 common bolt | 2. Flat 1 bullet 1 nut | 16 |
| 34 | M8×20 common bolt | 2. Flat 1 bullet 1 nut | 408 |
| 35 | Square gasket | 20×20×3 | 16 |
After checking the foundation of the photovoltaic tracking system product and the construction site, determining the installation positions of the supporting pieces, and ensuring that a plurality of supporting pieces are positioned on a virtual straight line in the north-south direction;
determining the distance between adjacent supporting pieces in each photovoltaic tracking unit and the number of the supporting pieces according to the size of the photovoltaic modules so that after the installation is finished, the photovoltaic modules of two adjacent photovoltaic tracking units in each row are free from interference;
determining the distance between two adjacent rows to ensure that the photovoltaic modules of the two adjacent rows have no interference after the whole photovoltaic tracking system is installed;
counting the number of operators, equipment and tools on site; determining that the operator, device, tool, or instrument has reached a predetermined number threshold in the installation information.
It should be noted that the materials of the components of the photovoltaic tracking system need to be qualified, and the galvanized thickness must not be less than 80um, and the photovoltaic tracking system can be used after repeated testing. In the mounting process, the mounting strength and flatness thereof are checked. After the photovoltaic tracking system is installed, the quality inspection standard is met, and the problems of uneven plane wave fluctuation, unsmooth screw fastening, unsmooth welding and the like of the photovoltaic assembly of the system are forbidden.
See table 2 for a statistics of the tool meter in one embodiment:
| sequence number | Device name | Quantity of | Specification of specification | Use of the same |
| 1 | Adjustable wrench | 6. Cover | General type | Fastening bolt |
| 2 | Electric spanner | 6. Cover | Electric type | Fastening bolt |
| 3 | Electric welding machine | 1. Bench | BS-330 | Upright post welding |
| 4 | Theodolite | 1. Bench | J2-2 | Verticality of upright post |
| 5 | Level ruler | 1. Handle | HD-96B | Checking the height of the horizontal bar |
| 6 | Torque spanner | 1. Handle | General type | Checking the degree of tightening of the bolts |
| 7 | All kinds of screwdrivers | 1. Cover | General type | Grounding and others |
| 8 | 10M steel tape | 4. Handle | L-10m | Determining a span |
| 9 | Polishing machine | 1. Cover | Hand-held electric type | Polishing weld joint |
| 10 | Cutting machine | 1. Cover | Hand-held electric type | Cutting steel |
| 11 | Laser level meter | 1. Bench | DS3-Z | Paying-off and elevation |
| 12 | Resistance tester | 1. Bench | ZC29B-2 | Measuring ground resistance of lightning arrester |
| 13 | Interphone | 2. Cover | DP585 | Use of high-altitude intercom |
| 14 | Electric generator | 1. Bench | General type | Supplying electrical equipment with power |
The method of the application can effectively accelerate the construction speed, save the construction period, easily control the quality, ensure the construction safety, realize the comprehensive control of the construction progress and process management more easily than other construction processes, and ensure the construction quality more easily. The power generation efficiency is effectively improved, and the construction period is saved. Compared with the traditional fixed photovoltaic construction, the technical construction method of the photovoltaic flat single-axis tracking system saves the construction period, effectively reduces the influence on the surrounding environment, and realizes better economic benefit and social benefit.
Taking 40MW photovoltaic project as an example, compared with the installation of the traditional photovoltaic bracket, the construction period of the tracking photovoltaic bracket is saved by 10 percent, and the cost is saved by 31.4 percent.
See table 3;
wherein, the construction period saving= (20-18)/20 multiplied by 100% ≡10%;
construction cost saving= (167600-114840)/167600 ×100% ≡31.4%.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides an installation device of a photovoltaic tracking system, where the photovoltaic tracking system may be the photovoltaic tracking system, and specifically includes: a plurality of photovoltaic tracking units; each photovoltaic tracking unit includes: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a main beam, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller; referring to fig. 8, the mounting apparatus 800 includes:
A first obtaining module 81, configured to obtain order data in a photovoltaic tracking system of an engineering project; the order data includes: the number of photovoltaic tracking units in the engineering project, and the engineering drawing of each photovoltaic tracking unit.
A second obtaining module 82, configured to obtain installation information of the engineering project, where the installation information includes: and (3) installing, namely using tools in each step, and operating personnel.
The processing module 83 is configured to send, in response to determining that the current installation step is finished, a prompt message of a next installation step, where the prompt message includes: parts to be mounted in the next mounting step, and required attention information including: relevant safety attention information in the next installation step and pretightening force information of relevant fasteners used in the next step.
In a fifth aspect, the present application proposes a mounting device for a photovoltaic tracking system, see fig. 9, the mounting device 900 comprising: at least one processor 91 and at least one memory 92; the memory 92 is used to store one or more program instructions; the processor 91 is configured to execute one or more program instructions for performing the method as described in any of the above.
In a sixth aspect, the present application also proposes a computer readable storage medium having one or more program instructions embodied therein for performing the method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
The photovoltaic tracking unit is provided with the controller, and the photovoltaic module can perform pitching motion under the control of the controller, so that the tracking of the sun is realized, and the utilization rate of the solar energy can be improved. The technical scheme of the application not only meets the requirement of reducing the influence of the surrounding environment, but also reduces unsafe factors of construction. The method of the application is obvious in peripheral construction projects and has obvious social benefit. The photovoltaic power generation rate is obviously improved, the call of the state advocating environmental protection is responded, and the electric power resource is saved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A photovoltaic tracking unit, comprising: the photovoltaic module comprises a support piece, a driving device, a photovoltaic module fixing device, a photovoltaic module and a controller;
wherein the driving device is arranged at the top end of the supporting piece;
the driving device is fixed at the top end of the supporting piece and is used for driving the photovoltaic module fixing device and the photovoltaic module to perform pitching motion under the control of the controller;
the controller is electrically connected with the driving device and used for controlling the driving device to drive the photovoltaic module fixing device to rotate;
a damper; one end of the damper is connected with the supporting piece; the other end is connected with the photovoltaic module fixing device; for limiting the range of motion of the photovoltaic module fixture;
the driving device also comprises a motor, a transmission device and a main beam;
the motor is used for rotating forward and backward under the control of the controller, and the driving device drives the main beam to rotate forward or backward so as to drive the photovoltaic module fixing device and the photovoltaic module to perform pitching motion;
the photovoltaic module fixing device includes: purlin, purlin diagonal bracing; two ends of the purline are respectively provided with a purline diagonal brace, one end of the purline diagonal brace is fixedly connected with one end of the purline, and the other end of the purline diagonal brace is fixedly connected with the main girder;
The purline and the purline diagonal brace are respectively provided with corresponding through holes, and the purline diagonal brace are fixedly connected through the fixing piece penetrating through the through holes of the purline and the purline diagonal brace;
the through holes are positioned at positions, close to the main beam, on the purlines and the purline diagonal braces;
the transmission device comprises: the roller, the steel wire rope, the first pulley, the second pulley, the driven wheel and the connecting base;
the output shaft of the motor is sleeved with the roller; the steel wire rope is wound on the roller; the driven wheel is connected with the main beam through the connecting base;
the connecting base is provided with a groove, and the main beam is embedded into the groove and fixed by a pressing plate and a fastener;
the transmission device also comprises two brackets which are respectively arranged at two sides, and a double-end bearing is arranged at the intersection point of the top ends of the two brackets at each side;
the two double-end bearings are sleeved with a rotating shaft, and the driven wheel is sleeved on the outer rings of the two double-end bearings at two sides, so that the driven wheel can rotate around the rotating shaft;
when the driven wheel rotates, the connected main beam is driven to rotate;
the transmission device further comprises two side connecting plates, and each side connecting plate is provided with a through hole for being connected with the through hole on the supporting piece through bolts;
The driven wheel is of a fan-shaped structure and comprises an arc edge, a first linear edge and a second linear edge;
the arc edge of the driven wheel is provided with two grooves;
a groove is respectively arranged on each linear edge;
the groove is used for accommodating the passing steel wire rope;
the first end of the steel wire rope passes through the first pulley and is fixed at one end of the driven wheel;
specifically, after passing through the first pulley, the first end of the steel wire rope passes through the groove in the first linear part along the first groove in the circular arc edge of the driven wheel, and reaches the driven wheel, and is fixed by adopting a movable joint bolt;
the second end of the steel wire rope passes through the second pulley and is fixed at the second end of the driven wheel; specifically, after passing through the second pulley, the second end of the steel wire rope passes through the groove in the second linear part along the second groove in the circular arc edge of the driven wheel, and reaches the second end of the driven wheel, and is fixed by adopting a movable joint bolt;
the driven wheel is formed by welding steel plates and is provided with reinforcing ribs along the diameter direction;
for improving safety, a driven wheel is provided with a stop plate at two positions relative to a driven wheel shaft pair;
after the installation is completed, the arc bottom and the two pulleys are positioned on the same horizontal line, so that the steel wire rope can pass through conveniently.
2. A photovoltaic tracking system comprising a plurality of tracking units according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of tracking units are connected end to end in sequence to form a solar photovoltaic array.
3. A method of installing a photovoltaic tracking system, wherein the photovoltaic tracking system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic tracking units of claim 1;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring order data in a photovoltaic tracking system of the engineering project;
the order data includes: the number of photovoltaic tracking units in the engineering project, and an engineering drawing for each photovoltaic tracking unit;
acquiring installation information of the engineering project, wherein the installation information comprises: a step of installation, wherein tools used in each step are used for the number of operators;
responding to the determination that the current installation step is finished, acquiring related content of the next installation step, and sending prompt information; the prompt message comprises: parts to be installed in the next installation step and attention information required;
the attention information includes: related safety attention information and pretightening force information in the next installation step.
4. A method of installing a photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 3, wherein the installing step comprises:
Preparing construction;
installing a support;
installing a driving device:
installing a photovoltaic module fixing device and a photovoltaic module;
the photovoltaic tracking unit further includes a damper, the method further comprising: installing a damper, comprising:
mounting and fixing the damper base at a predetermined position of the support;
fixing a first end of the damper to the damper base;
fixing the second end of the damper on the photovoltaic module fixing device;
the construction preparation work includes:
checking whether the axes and the elevations of the foundation are consistent with the dimensions of the axes and the elevations of the foundation in the engineering drawing according to the engineering drawing, analyzing the unqualified axes and elevations, and providing a correction requirement for a design party of the engineering drawing;
checking the quantity and quality of the products of the photovoltaic tracking system, and if the unqualified products of the photovoltaic tracking system are found, providing a rectifying requirement for a provider of the products;
after checking the foundation of the photovoltaic tracking system product and the construction site, determining the installation positions of the supporting pieces, and ensuring that a plurality of supporting pieces are positioned on a virtual straight line in the north-south direction;
determining the distance between adjacent supporting pieces in each photovoltaic tracking unit and the number of the supporting pieces according to the size of the photovoltaic modules so that after the installation is finished, the photovoltaic modules of two adjacent photovoltaic tracking units in each row are free from interference;
Determining the distance between two adjacent rows to ensure that the photovoltaic modules of the two adjacent rows have no interference after the whole photovoltaic tracking system is installed;
counting the number of operators, equipment and tools on site; determining that the operator, device, tool, or instrument has reached a predetermined number threshold in the installation information.
5. A mounting device for a photovoltaic tracking system, wherein the photovoltaic tracking system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic tracking units according to claim 1;
the device comprises: the first acquisition module is used for acquiring order data in the photovoltaic tracking system of the engineering project;
the order data includes: the number of photovoltaic tracking units in the engineering project, and an engineering drawing for each photovoltaic tracking unit;
the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the installation information of the engineering project, and the installation information comprises: a step of installation, wherein tools used in each step are used for the number of operators;
the processing module is used for responding to the determination that the current installation step is finished and sending prompt information of the next installation step, and the prompt information comprises: parts to be installed in the next installation step and attention information required;
The attention information includes: related safety attention information in the next installation step and pretightening force information of related fasteners used in the next step.
6. A photovoltaic tracking system mounting apparatus, comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory; the memory is used for storing one or more program instructions; the processor is configured to execute one or more program instructions to perform the method of claim 3.
7. A computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium contains one or more program instructions for performing the method of claim 3.
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| WO2021105162A2 (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-03 | Solstice Holding B.V. | Solar photovoltaic tracking system and use thereof |
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| CN114785260A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-22 | 西安冠煜新能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent wind-resistant control device for photovoltaic tracking support |
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| CN102541072A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-07-04 | 西安中科麦特电子技术设备有限公司 | Sunlight double-axis tracking device |
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