CN106230366A - Array coordinated type solar energy two degrees of freedom follows the tracks of system - Google Patents

Abstract

The array linkage solar energy two-degree-of-freedom tracking system includes a support mechanism, a tracking mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and a drive device; the support mechanism supports the battery panel tray through a universal joint and a column; the tracking mechanism is connected to the transmission device through a linkage mechanism, and the drive device and The linkage mechanism is connected, the linkage mechanism is connected with the tracking crank through the linkage steering gear, the linkage connecting rod, and the two types of linkage nodes a and b are distributed in sequence along the azimuth angle (or altitude angle) linkage direction through the steel wire rope, and the end cascades , to realize power transfer between nodes in the array. The invention reduces the number of driving devices and sensors, has a relatively simple structure, and realizes array-linked solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking at low cost, which not only improves the utilization rate of solar energy, but also enhances terrain adaptability, and the expansion of the array is simpler and more convenient ; The quantity and the area of the carrying battery board components of a single tracking device are larger.

Description

Array linkage solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to an array linkage solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking system for a photovoltaic power station.

Background technique

Due to the characteristics of cleanliness, renewability, safety and universality, solar energy is developing into an important part of green energy all over the world. The most effective way to utilize solar energy is solar power generation, especially the use of solar energy for photovoltaic power generation. In the photovoltaic power generation system, if the lighting device of the solar panel can always be kept perpendicular to the incident light, that is, adding a solar tracking device, the solar energy can be collected to the maximum and the utilization rate of the solar energy can be improved. However, at present, most of the automatic sun tracking devices in solar photovoltaic power plants are single and independent, and each of them is equipped with a driving device independently, which will inevitably lead to high control costs and a large amount of maintenance. Of course, some of them have realized the linkage control of the solar panel tracking device, but it is limited to the linkage control of a single row (column). Smaller sun tracking devices perform one-dimensional linkage control to form a solar power station with greater power output. If a medium-to-large-scale solar power station is manufactured or designed according to the same principle, it is necessary to increase the number of individual tracking devices and corresponding driving devices, which will inevitably lead to increased input costs, increased control costs, and increased maintenance. unfavorable. Furthermore, most of the current single sun tracking devices concentrate all or part of the weight of solar panels and trays and other accessories on motors and other driving devices. When the output power of solar panels is large, the driving power of the driving device needs to be increased accordingly. , leading to a corresponding increase in its own energy consumption, which affects the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power plants. If the power of a single solar panel is made smaller, it will lose its economic advantages and be difficult to promote.

In the existing known technology, there are many implementation methods for a single solar automatic tracking device. Two driving devices are commonly used to realize the tracking of the azimuth angle and the tracking of the altitude angle respectively. The existing technology realizes the linked tracking of the azimuth and the altitude using a driving device. For example, the publication number CN 102183966 A "A Linkage Two-degree-of-Freedom Solar Tracking Mechanism" proposes the use of worm gear transmission to realize the solar tracking of the azimuth, and at the same time The synchronous linkage approximate tracking of altitude angle and azimuth angle is realized through the variable length connecting rod. If a solar power station with a larger power output is built, a larger number of such traditional solar automatic tracking devices are required to be added, and a corresponding number of driving devices are required to be configured for each tracking configuration. There are many driving devices. Low operating efficiency, high production cost, installation cost, and high maintenance.

In order to reduce the cost of solar tracking in photovoltaic power plants, without changing the tracking accuracy, scientific and technological workers propose to use as few driving devices as possible to realize synchronous linkage tracking of multiple tracking devices. Compared with a single tracking device, the linkage tracking of multiple tracking devices is relatively difficult due to the existence of practical problems such as the complexity of its transmission structure, linkage stability, and motion interference between tracking devices. From the disclosed technologies, most of the implementation methods are for the linkage tracking of a plurality of tracking devices that are extended and distributed in a "line" shape, and this type of tracking devices are all one-dimensional linkage tracking, such as the publication number CN 205142103 U "one-dimensional" linkage solar tracking system and solar power generation system", CN204290838U "an adjustable connecting rod solar tracking bracket", CN 105450155 A "an adjustable connecting rod solar tracking bracket" and CN105322872 A "a solar photovoltaic module synchronous Tracking group control system", all adopt rod transmission, which is better in terms of reliability and stability, but if multiple "inline" distributed solar tracking devices are arranged in multiple rows to form a tracking device array, each row Need to provide a driving device, and can only realize one-dimensional automatic tracking; Publication number CN 203561887 U "array solar tracking device", CN 103744433 A "array solar tracking device" and CN104300887 "combined linkage photovoltaic power generation light control automatic tracking "Sunshine Device", which adopts chain or connecting rod transmission, realizes the tracking control of array or combined solar panels, and is suitable for tiled installation on the roof to realize small-scale solar power generation. However, only one-dimensional azimuth linkage control can be realized. The transmission chain of the "array solar tracking device" is installed horizontally, and the chain is easy to fall off, resulting in the failure of one-dimensional linkage.

There are still very few methods for realizing the two-degree-of-freedom linkage of multi-row and multi-column solar tracking device arrays. The publicly known technologies are as follows:

Publication number CN 104993778 A "Array type dual-axis sun tracking device" is composed of a tracking module, a movable bracket, etc., and uses a worm to drive a semicircular turbine to control the azimuth angle, and uses a screw nut mechanism to control the altitude angle, and through a transmission shaft and a torque transmitter, etc. The connection realizes the array linkage of the whole system, the tracking angle range is wide, and the array linkage of two degrees of freedom can be realized. In the application of medium and large-scale photovoltaic power plants with a large output power of a single tracking device, a large number and a large area of solar panels are required to be installed on it. When irradiated, the solar panels of the front row tracking device will easily cause "shadow" to the rear row. In order to reduce the "shadow" effect in the array, the row and column spacing of the array is required to be wider, which may reach tens of meters. Then The power drive shaft of its torque transmitter must also be of corresponding length. A drive shaft tens of meters long, or realized by cascading multiple shorter drive shafts, will greatly increase the production cost and installation cost, and the use of long-distance drive shafts will easily cause unnoticeable deformation and reduce tracking Accuracy; secondly, the array-type dual-axis sun tracking device has high requirements on the flatness of the installation site, requiring its installation site to be as flat as possible, and lacks the convenience of adapting measures to local conditions.

Publication numbers CN 101976081 A "A Mechanism for Tracking the Sun and Its Application" and CN 102707729 A "A Mechanism for Tracking the Sun" consist of a solar tracking module array and its supporting frame, a driving mechanism, a tracking control circuit, sensors, etc. The movement of the push-pull rod and the column is used to realize solar tracking. Although the structure is simple, the relationship between the driving distance of the push-pull rod and the angular offset of the column needs to meet specific requirements. According to the actual installation site, it is necessary to manually adjust the driving angle relationship between the driver and the push-pull rod. and the length of the output shaft or arm of the driver, or adjust the positional relationship between the push-pull rod and the N×M rods, etc., to meet the installation conditions, and the column is connected at both ends by a universal joint, and the column is maintained by parallel or perpendicular connecting rods. Stable, but the rigidity, strength, and wind load resistance are not strong, and it is easy to lose stability under the action of local external forces, causing large-scale damage and not easy to maintain.

Publication number CN 101504202 A "Automatic Tracking Linkage Machine for Solar Concentrating Photovoltaic Power Generation Array" is composed of solar concentrating device array, altitude angle linkage mechanism and azimuth angle linkage mechanism. Combined drive of screw nut or sprocket chain, etc., the azimuth linkage adopts multiple rack and pinion, connecting rod, screw nut and other combined drive, through the linkage of altitude angle and azimuth angle, the solar energy two degrees of freedom of the concave concentrator array can be realized Tracking, although the structure is simple, but the carrying capacity is small, requiring a single concentrator to be small in size and light in weight, so it is only suitable for installation on the roof. Since the tracking of the sun's altitude angle is linked in an inclined way, the tracking range of the sun's altitude angle will be limited. , and when the number of arrays increases, the length of one side of the parallelogram mechanism will also increase, which will easily cause the connecting rod to produce imperceptible bending deformation to a certain extent, thereby affecting the tracking accuracy.

Therefore, it is of great practical significance and application value to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned array solar tracking device and provide a two-degree-of-freedom linkage solar tracking system of a solar panel assembly array for medium and large-scale photovoltaic power stations.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the complex structure of the solar tracking device array linkage system in the chain drive, shaft drive and rod drive, and the carrying capacity of a single tracking device in the array is limited (the number of solar panels is small and the area is small) Solve the problems that other tracking device arrays cannot perform two-degree-of-freedom linkage tracking and weak terrain adaptability, reduce production costs, and the array expansion is simple and convenient, providing an array-linked solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking for medium and large-scale photovoltaic power plants system.

The technical solution to achieve the above purpose is as follows: array linkage solar energy two-degree-of-freedom tracking system, including a support mechanism, a tracking mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and a driving device, wherein the support mechanism supports the solar panel tray; the tracking mechanism is connected to the transmission device through a linkage mechanism , to realize the two-degree-of-freedom tracking of the height angle and azimuth angle of the battery panel component tray; the linkage mechanism realizes the synchronous two-degree-of-freedom linkage tracking of each solar tracking device in the entire array; the driving device and the linkage mechanism are connected by a wire rope for driving linkage The driving shaft of the mechanism rotates and has a position locking function.

The support mechanism includes a battery panel assembly tray, a beam assembly, a column, and a base. The battery panel assembly tray is fixed and installed on the beam assembly by screws, and the lower end of the mass center of the beam assembly that acts as a rib is fixedly installed on the base The second end of the upper column is connected by a universal joint.

The tracking mechanism includes an azimuth brace, an azimuth support shaft, an elevation support shaft, an elevation brace, an azimuth crank, and an elevation crank; the first end of the azimuth brace and the edge of the beam assembly pass through a ball hinge Connected, the second end of the azimuth support rod is connected with the azimuth tracking crank through the rod end joint bearing; the azimuth tracking crank is connected with the azimuth support shaft through a roller bearing; the first end of the azimuth support shaft is fixedly installed on the base Bearings are installed at the position of the supporting journal at the second end; the first end of the height angle brace is connected with the edge of the beam assembly through a ball joint, and the second end is connected with the height angle tracking crank through a rod end joint bearing Connected; the height angle tracking crank is connected with the height angle support shaft through a roller bearing, and the first end of the height angle support shaft is fixedly installed on the other side of the base, and a bearing is also installed at the position of the support journal at the second end.

The linkage mechanism includes an azimuth linkage linkage, an elevation linkage linkage, a linkage node, an azimuth linkage steel wire rope, and an elevation angle linkage steel wire rope. Winding, in order to increase the friction to realize the sequential transmission of power between the linkage nodes and synchronous linkage; the azimuth linkage wire rope, the elevation angle linkage wire rope has the characteristics of stepless rope without end, the material selection is not limited to the wire rope, and is based on the array The width of the row (column) is set with an appropriate number of supporting rollers to support the steel wire rope; the azimuth linkage link connects the azimuth tracking cranks of the two left and right adjacent tracking mechanisms in the same row in the array; the elevation angle linkage linkage connects the same column in the array The altitude angle tracking cranks of the two tracking mechanisms adjacent to each other.

The linkage node includes two sets of shaft pairs, two sets of reel pairs, four sets of gear pairs, power input wire ropes, power output wire ropes and linkage steering gear, which is a mechanism to realize motion steering and power transmission; two sets of shaft pairs include The pair of driving shafts and the pair of driven shafts, that is, the first driving shaft, the second driving shaft, the first driven shaft, and the second driven shaft, the two ends of each shaft are fixedly installed with gears, and the middle part is fixedly installed with gears. The double drums on the driving shaft pair are connected by the outer "8" winding of the power input wire rope; the double drums on the driven shaft pair are connected by the power output wire rope. The outer "8" shape winding is connected; the linkage node is connected with the tracking crank of the adjacent tracking device through the linkage steering gear inside it.

The linkage steering gear includes a linkage shaft, a double linkage crank, a node connecting rod, and two sets of worm gear mechanisms; a set of turbine worm mechanisms are respectively installed at both ends of the linkage shaft; The other ends of the double linkage cranks are connected to each other through node connecting rods, and are respectively connected to the tracking cranks of adjacent tracking devices through linkage connecting rods.

The linkage node, when the linkage steering gear is installed at the first driving axis position of the linkage node, is the linkage node a, and when it is installed at its first driven position, it is the linkage node b; the m×n array has m azimuth angles Linkage node, n altitude angle linkage nodes; when m or n is greater than 2, along the azimuth angle or altitude angle linkage direction, linkage node a and linkage node b are distributed in sequence at intervals, and adjacent linkage nodes are connected by linkage wire ropes.

The winding refers to the winding of the wire rope inside the two sets of reel pairs inside the linkage node, that is, between the first driving reel and the second driving reel, between the first driven reel and the second driven reel between the cylinders; the power input wire rope is sequentially connected from the upper end of the first groove of the first driving drum, the upper end of the first groove of the second driving drum, the upper end of the second groove of the first driving drum, and the upper end of the second driving drum The upper end of the second groove of the second groove ... is bypassed according to the "8" shape method; the power output steel wire rope runs from the upper end of the first groove of the first driven drum, the upper end of the first groove of the second driven drum, The upper end of the second groove of the moving reel, the upper end of the second groove of the second driven reel ... bypass according to the "8" shape method; of course, it is also possible to start winding from the lower end at the same time, but two sets of reels are required The winding mode is the same, and the limit wire rope of the guide roller is in the groove of the corresponding drum.

The linkage crank structure has a shaft hole at one end, a bolt installation hole in the middle, and two connecting rod installation holes of the bearing platform at the other end, and the height of the bearing platform is higher than the fixing bolt and the protruding part of the turbine shaft; The shaft hole of the crank mechanism is the installation position of the turbine shaft, and the bolt is fixedly installed with the turbine at the position of the bolt installation hole to realize the synchronous and concentric rotation of the linkage crank and the turbine; The end points are connected at the mounting holes of the inner connecting rods, and are respectively connected with the tracking cranks of the two tracking devices adjacent to the linkage node at the mounting holes of the other two outer connecting rods through the elevation connecting rods (or azimuth connecting rods).

The tracking crank structure has a supporting shaft mounting hole at one end, two linkage connecting rod mounting holes at the other end, and a strut mounting hole with a bearing platform in the middle, and the height of the bearing platform is greater than the thickness of the linkage connecting rod and the support The shaft protrudes after the bearing is installed and is connected with the azimuth angle brace (or altitude angle brace); the end of the azimuth angle tracking crank (or altitude angle tracking crank) has two linkage connecting rod installation holes side by side, which are respectively It is connected with the azimuth linkage link (or altitude linkage linkage) of two adjacent tracking devices. If there is no tracking device adjacent to one of the sides, the corresponding linkage connecting rod installation hole is preferentially suspended.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with existing methods:

(1) The present invention adopts the array linkage type two-degree-of-freedom solar tracking technology, and realizes the two-degree-of-freedom linkage of the solar tracking devices in the array of m rows and n columns (m>2, n>2) according to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle respectively The solar tracking method maximizes the solar energy utilization rate of the array type photovoltaic power station by using the existing technology, reduces the number of driving devices and sensors, reduces the production and installation costs, and improves the efficiency.

(2) The present invention adopts a support mechanism composed of a battery panel assembly tray, a beam assembly, a column, a base, a universal joint, a strut, etc., which increases the bearing capacity of a single solar tracking device in the array, that is, the capacity of a single solar tracking device The number and area of solar panels have been greatly increased, which in turn reduces energy consumption and installation costs, and provides feasibility for increasing the installed capacity of photovoltaic power plants on the one hand.

(3) The present invention adopts a linkage mechanism composed of connecting rods, steel wire ropes, worm gears, and linkage steering gears. The linkage structure is relatively simple, especially the use of connecting rods and steel wire ropes for transmission, which reduces the strictness of the flatness of the installation site. requirements, the terrain adaptability is enhanced, and the worm gear transmission with self-locking function is adopted, the transmission performance is more stable and reliable, and the expansion of the tracking array composed of two-degree-of-freedom linkage solar tracking devices is more convenient and reliable. On the other hand, the feasibility of the installed capacity of the photovoltaic power station is improved, the operating cost is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-degree-of-freedom solar tracking device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the two-degree-of-freedom linkage system of the array solar tracking device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the linkage steering gear structure provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a linkage node a provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of linkage node b provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wire rope transmission structure provided by the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a top view of the linkage crank structure provided by the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the front view of the linkage crank structure provided by the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the tracking crank structure provided by the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a front view of the tracking crank structure provided by the present invention.

In the figure: 1-panel assembly tray, 2-beam assembly, 3-column, 4-base, 5-azimuth brace, 6-azimuth support shaft, 7-azimuth linkage link, 8-azimuth Tracking crank, 9-altitude angle support shaft, 10-altitude angle tracking crank, 11-altitude angle linkage connecting rod, 12-height angle brace, 13-azimuth linkage wire rope, 14-linkage node, 15-support roller, 16 -Azimuth driving device, 17-Altitude angle linkage wire rope, 18-Altitude angle driving device, 19-Linkage crank, 20-Turbine shaft, 21-Turbine, 22-Worm, 23-Linkage shaft gear, 24-Linkage shaft reel , 25-link shaft, 26-node connecting rod, 27-second driven gear, 28-first driven gear, 29-first driving gear, 30-second driving gear, 31-second driving drum, 32-second driving shaft, 33-first driving drum, 34-first driving shaft, 35-second driven drum, 36 first driven shaft, 37-second driven shaft, 38-second Driven drum, 39-groove, 40-guide roller, 41-connecting rod installation hole, 42-bolt installation hole, 43-axis hole, 44-linkage connecting rod installation hole, 45-strut installation hole, 46- Support shaft installation hole, 201-linkage node a, 202-linkage node b, 101-power input steel wire rope section a, 102-power input steel wire rope section b, 103-power output steel rope e section, 104-power output steel rope f section, 111 - Power input steel rope c section, 112 power input steel rope d section, 113 power output steel rope g section, 114 power output steel rope h section, F1-up and down movement direction, F2-rotation direction, F3-rotation direction, F4-up and down movement direction.

detailed description

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The structure of the array linkage solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking system is as follows:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the array-linked solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking system for photovoltaic power plants includes a support mechanism, a tracking mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and a driving device.

The support mechanism is composed of a battery panel assembly tray 1, a beam assembly 2, a column 3, a base 4, etc.; wherein the panel assembly tray 1 is fixed on the beam assembly 2 by bolts, and the center of mass of the beam assembly 2 acting as a reinforcing rib It is connected with the top of the column 3 fixedly installed on the base 4 through a universal joint; the base 4 is distributed in an array according to the longitude and latitude of the earth, or welded or poured, and its height is greater than the altitude tracking crank 10 and the azimuth tracking crank 8 The sum of the lengths, and the row (column) spacing of the base array is wide enough to avoid the "shadow" area left by the front tracking device as much as possible during tracking.

The tracking mechanism is composed of an azimuth strut 5, an azimuth support shaft 6, an elevation angle support shaft 9, an elevation angle strut 12, a tracking crank, etc.; the tracking crank is further divided into an azimuth tracking crank 8 and an elevation tracking crank 10 ; The first end of the azimuth brace 5 is connected with the edge of the beam assembly 2 through a ball joint, the second end of the azimuth brace 5 is connected with the azimuth tracking crank 8 through a rod end joint bearing, and the azimuth tracking crank 8 is connected with the azimuth The angle support shaft 6 is connected by a roller bearing, and the first end of the azimuth support shaft 6 is fixedly installed on one side of the base 4, and the support journal position of the second end of the azimuth support shaft 6 is equipped with a bearing; similarly, The first end of the height angle brace 12 is connected with the edge of the beam assembly 2 through a ball joint, the second end of the height angle brace 12 is connected with the height angle tracking crank 10 through a rod end joint bearing, and the height angle tracking crank 10 is connected with the height angle Support shaft 9 links to each other by roller bearing, and its height angle support shaft 9 first ends are fixedly installed on the base 4, and the support journal position of the second end of height angle support shaft 9 is equipped with bearing.

The linkage mechanism is composed of an azimuth linkage link 7, an altitude linkage linkage 11, a linkage node 13, an azimuth linkage steel wire rope 14, and an altitude angle linkage steel wire rope 17. The power transmission between linkage nodes 13; the azimuth linkage wire rope 14 and the elevation angle linkage wire rope 17 are not limited to steel wire ropes, but have the characteristics of stepless ropes without ends, and an appropriate number of support rollers 15 are set according to the width of the array row (column) for support ; Azimuth linkage link 7 connects the azimuth tracking crank 8 of the two tracking mechanisms adjacent to the left and right in the same row in the array, and the altitude angle linkage linkage 11 connects the elevation angle tracking of the two tracking mechanisms adjacent to the front and back in the same row in the array The crank 10, the azimuth linkage link 7, and the elevation angle linkage linkage 11 are all length-adjustable linkages; the linkage node 13 can be divided into two structures of linkage node a and linkage node b, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively Shown, it is a mechanism for receiving input power, motion steering, and power transmission. , gear (first driving gear 29, second driving gear 30, first driven gear 28, second driven gear 27), shaft (first driving shaft 34, second driving shaft 32, first driven shaft 36 , the second driven shaft 37), linkage steering gear, power input wire rope, power output wire rope and other components. The two ends of the second driving shaft 32, the first driving shaft 34, the first driven shaft 36, and the second driven shaft 37 are respectively equipped with gear pairs with the number of teeth fixed and the material completely consistent with the respective shafts. The four shafts And successively by the first driving gear 29, the second driving gear 30, the first driven gear 28, the second driven gear 27 gears meshingly connected; The first driving drum 33 and the second driving drum 31 are fixed, and the steel wire rope wound in the shape of "8" between the first driving drum 33 and the second driving drum 31 is connected. This winding method can Increase the frictional force between the wire rope and the reel so that the input power is received by the wire rope; the first driven shaft 36 and the middle of the second driven shaft 37 are respectively fixed with the first driven drum 35 and the second driven shaft 37 by pins. move the reel 37, and connect the first drive reel 35 and the second drive reel 37 with the wire rope wound in the shape of "8", so as to transmit power through the wire rope; the structure of the linkage node a and the linkage node b Similar, the only difference is that the position of the linkage steering gear is different. As shown in Figure 3, the linkage steering gear is installed on the first driving shaft 34, and as shown in Figure 4, the linkage steering gear is installed on the first driven shaft 36 Position; as shown in Figure 3, the linkage steering gear is composed of linkage shaft 25, crank 19, node connecting rod 26, turbine 21, worm 22, etc., and a group of turbine and worm mechanisms are respectively installed at its two ends; one end of double linkage crank 19 is respectively Link to each other with the two ends of the linkage shaft 25 through a worm gear mechanism, and its other end is connected to each other through a node connecting rod 26, and respectively connected with the tracking cranks (azimuth tracking crank 8, elevation angle tracking crank 10) of the adjacent tracking device through the linkage connecting rod ( Azimuth connecting rod 7, altitude connecting rod 11) link to each other.

As shown in Figure 6, the first driven wheel of the linkage node a is connected with the first driving wheel of the linkage node b through a wire rope to realize the transmission of power from the linkage node a to the linkage node b; in order to make the output power of the linkage node 201 pass through The transmission of linkage node 202 and linkage node 203 reaches linkage node 204, as shown in Figure 2, then each azimuth linkage node selects linkage node a, linkage node b, linkage node a, linkage node b two types of node interval distribution, The combined node form of head-to-tail cascade (or select the combined node form of linkage node b, linkage node a, linkage node b, and linkage node a), and cascade the selected combination nodes in order through the azimuth linkage steel wire rope 13, so that Make the rotation directions of the turbines 21 of the interlocking directional devices in each interlocking node consistent.

The winding of the wire rope is within the linkage node a or the linkage node b, respectively between the first driving drum 33 and the second driving drum 31 , and between the first driven shaft 36 and the second driven shaft 37 , the power input wire rope sequentially runs from the upper end of the first groove of the first driving drum 33, the upper end of the first groove of the second driving drum 31, the upper end of the second groove of the first driving drum 33, the second driving drum The upper end of the second groove of 31 ... is bypassed according to the "8" shape method; The upper end of the second groove of the first driven reel 36, the upper end of the second groove of the second driven reel 37 ... go around according to the "8" shape method; certainly also can be the same as the lower end to start winding, but need The two sets of reel pairs have the same winding mode, and during the mutual winding process, they are limited by the guide roller 40 in the groove 39 of the corresponding reel, and ensure that the steel wire rope is perpendicular to the axis line of each shaft, so as to prevent axial displacement. Between two driving shaft sleeves or driven shaft sleeves facing each other, two guide rollers 40 are arranged in each groove 39 on it, which can also be used as elastic rollers.

The linkage node is preferably installed in the middle of the row (or column) of the solar tracking device array, and the row (or column) of the tracking device array is preferentially made symmetrical with respect to the node.

As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the interlocking crank structure has a shaft hole 43 at one end, a bolt mounting hole 42 in the middle, and two connecting rod mounting holes 41 of the bearing platform at the other end, and The height of the bearing platform is higher than the fixed bolt and the protruding part of the turbine shaft; the shaft hole 43 of the interlocking crank structure is the installation position of the turbine shaft 20, and the bolt and the turbine are fixed and installed to realize the synchronous and concentric rotation of the interlocking crank 19 and the turbine 21; as shown in the figure 3, the double linkage crank structure 19 in the same node is respectively connected to the two ends of the node connecting rod 26 at the two inner connecting rod mounting holes 44, and at the same time passes through the azimuth connecting rod 7 (or the altitude connecting rod 11) The azimuth tracking cranks 8 (or altitude tracking cranks 10 ) of the two tracking devices adjacent to the linkage node 14 are connected at the other two outer connecting rod mounting holes 44 .

As shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, the tracking crank structure has a supporting shaft mounting hole 46, a linkage connecting rod mounting hole 44 and a strut mounting hole 45 with a cap; Rod mounting hole 45, the height of its cap is greater than the thickness of the linkage connecting rod and the part that emerges after the bearing is installed on the support shaft, and is connected with the azimuth angle brace 5 (or height angle brace 12); the azimuth tracking crank 8 (height angle The end of the tracking crank 10) has two linkage connecting rod installation holes 44 side by side, which are respectively connected with the azimuth linkage linkage 7 (or elevation angle linkage linkage 11) of two adjacent tracking devices. If there is no tracking device adjacent to one side, the corresponding linkage connecting rod installation hole 44 is preferentially suspended.

The driving device is divided into an azimuth driving device 16 and an elevation angle driving device 18, preferably with a position locking function.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the solar two-degree-of-freedom tracking device with m rows and n columns (m>2, n>2) distributed in an array is connected by the azimuth linkage link 7, the elevation angle linkage link 10, and the azimuth linkage wire rope 13. The height angle linkage wire rope 17, the linkage node 14, etc. are interconnected to realize the two-degree-of-freedom linkage tracking of the entire array.

The working process of the two-degree-of-freedom solar tracking system linked by the array is as follows: as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, when the azimuth driving device 16 outputs power to the linkage node 201, it will drive the power input steel wire rope section a 101, the power input steel wire rope The closed loop formed by section b 102 rotates, and then rotates with the double reel through friction, and the steel wire rope is wound on the double reel through the outer "8" shape, causing the double reel (the first driving reel 33, The second driving drums 31) rotate toward each other, thereby respectively driving the first driving shaft 34 (that is, the linkage shaft 25) and the first driving gear 29, the second driving shaft 32 and the second driving gear 30 fixedly installed therewith. Rotate towards each other, the rotation of the linkage shaft 25 drives the two worms at the end to rotate, and then drives the turbine 27 meshed with it to rotate, the rotation of the turbine 27 drives the linkage crank 25 fixedly installed on the turbine 27 to rotate the angle, and then drives the rotation through the hinge The first end of the azimuth linkage connecting rod 7 on the linkage crank 25 moves, drives the rotation angle of the azimuth tracking crank 8 hinged on the second end of the azimuth linkage linkage 7 , and drives through the rod end joint bearing and the azimuth tracking crank The 8 connected azimuth struts move up and down, as shown in Figure 1, so as to realize the adjustment of the azimuth angle of the solar panel module tray 1, and at the same time, the two adjacent tracking devices in the first row are linked by the azimuth linkage connecting rods between each other 7 and the azimuth tracking crank 8 are connected, and then the azimuth adjustment information is transmitted to both sides through the azimuth linkage connecting rod 7 to the second tracking device and the third tracking device in the first row far away from the first azimuth linkage node ...thereby realizing the adjustment of the azimuth angles of all associated solar panel assembly trays 1 in the first row of the array; on the other hand, as shown in FIG. The opposite rotation of the first driven gear 28, and then the opposite rotation between the first driven shaft 36 and the first driven drum 35, the second driven shaft 37 and the second driven drum 38, thereby driving the The closed loop formed by the "8"-shaped circle wound on the first driven drum 35, the second driven drum 38, the power output steel rope e section 103, and the power output steel rope f section 104 rotates to the linkage node b, which is the linkage node 202 The output power, as shown in Figure 6, realizes the energy transfer between two cascaded nodes. In the same way, the synchronous adjustment of the azimuth of the second row of two-degree-of-freedom solar tracking devices connected by the azimuth linkage connecting rod 7 and the azimuth tracking crank 8 is simultaneously realized, and at the same time, the azimuth is transmitted to the array through the linkage axis node 202 The third linkage node 203 is the linkage node a, and at the same time realizes the synchronous adjustment of the azimuth angle of the third row of tracking device arrays, and transmits it to the fourth and fifth rows... so as to realize all the two-degree-of-freedom solar energy in the array The azimuth linkage adjustment of the tracking device. The same principle of azimuth angle adjustment, linkage node a, linkage node b, linkage node a... head-to-tail cascading can make the altitude angle linkage adjustment of the solar tracking device arrays in the first row, the second row, the third row..., so that the final Realize the two-degree-of-freedom array linkage of the entire array.

Linkage node b, as shown in Figure 5, is similar to the structure of linkage node a (as shown in Figure 4). In the linkage node of the four-reel structure, there is only the difference in the installation position of the linkage direction device: the position of the first driving shaft, Or the first driven shaft position? Through the analysis of the transmission principle, it can be seen that only when the linkage direction device is installed at the first driving shaft position and the first driven shaft position at intervals, can the worm gear rotate in the same direction.

In addition, taking the two-degree-of-freedom linkage tracking device of the solar panel array as shown in Figure 2 as an example of a 4×4 order array, the azimuth linkage wire rope 13 and the elevation angle linkage wire rope 17 intersect vertically in space, and require azimuth Angle support shaft 6, altitude angle support shaft 9, azimuth tracking crank 8, and altitude angle tracking crank 10 should be installed to meet the following requirements: the installation height difference between azimuth support shaft 6 and altitude angle support shaft 9 is greater than that of azimuth tracking crank 8 and height The angle tracks the sum of the lengths of the cranks 10 .

Furthermore, for the array-type distributed solar linkage tracking device, when the solar panels are tilted to face the sun, there is a problem that the solar panels on the front tray block the part of the direct sunlight of the rear solar panels, that is, the front solar panels The board creates a "shadow" area on the rear row, and the row (column) spacing of the array can be appropriately increased to avoid the "shadow" area. For the two-degree-of-freedom solar tracking device shown in Figure 1, the tracking of the azimuth and elevation angles is realized by the combined movement of the tracking crank and the strut, and there is a small tracking dead angle. , that is, the range of azimuth tracking is , the tracking range of altitude angle is , its tracking dead angle It is determined by the lengths of the crank, the strut, the upright and the installation position of the ball hinge at the first end of the strut and the pallet reinforcement rib. It is preferable to select the installation row (column) spacing of the solar tracking device array in the tracking dead angle Under certain conditions, the solar panels of the rear tracking device can just avoid the "shadow" area left by the front row.

Further, it is preferred to select the installation site of the array-distributed solar linkage tracking device as flat as possible, but it is not necessary. According to the actual conditions of the installation site, by adjusting the length of the linkage connecting rod between two adjacent tracking devices, Wire rope guide wheels are added to achieve array linkage tracking that meets terrain requirements.

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary persons in the technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are covered by the present invention. covered by the invention application.

Claims (9)

1. Array-linked solar energy two-degree-of-freedom tracking system, including a support mechanism, a tracking mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and a driving device, characterized in that: the driving device and the linkage mechanism are connected by a wire rope, and the driving shaft of the linkage mechanism is driven to rotate; the support mechanism The solar panel tray is supported, the tracking mechanism is connected with the supporting mechanism through a ball hinge, and the tracking mechanism is connected with the driving device through a linkage mechanism. 2. The tracking system of array linkage solar energy two degrees of freedom according to claim 1, characterized in that, the support mechanism includes a battery panel assembly tray (1), a beam assembly (2), a column (3), and a base (4) , the battery panel assembly tray (1) is fixedly installed on the beam assembly (2) by screws, the lower end of the center of mass of the beam assembly (2) acting as a stiffener and the second end of the column (3) fixedly installed on the base pass through Universal joints are connected. 3. The tracking system of array linkage solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the tracking mechanism includes an azimuth brace (5), an azimuth support shaft (6), an elevation support shaft (9), Altitude angle brace (12), azimuth tracking crank (8), altitude angle tracking crank (10); the first end of the azimuth angle brace (5) is connected with the edge of the beam assembly (2) through a ball hinge, and the azimuth angle The second end of the strut (5) is connected with the azimuth tracking crank (8) through a rod end joint bearing; the azimuth tracking crank (8) is connected with the azimuth support shaft (6) through a roller bearing; the azimuth support shaft ( 6) The first end is fixedly installed on one side of the base (4), and the support journal position of the second end of the azimuth support shaft (6) is equipped with a bearing; the first end of the height angle brace (5) is connected with The edges of the beam assembly (2) are connected by a ball joint, and the second end of the height angle brace (12) is connected with the height angle tracking crank (10) through a rod end joint bearing; the height angle tracking crank (10) is connected with the height angle support shaft (9) Connected by roller bearings, the first end of the height angle support shaft (9) is fixedly installed on the other adjacent side of the base (4), and the support journal of the second end of the height angle support shaft (9) The position is equipped with bearings. 4. The tracking system of array linkage type solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, linkage mechanism comprises azimuth linkage linkage (7), elevation angle linkage linkage (11), linkage node (14), The azimuth-angle linkage steel wire rope (13) and the altitude-angle linkage steel wire rope (17) realize the sequential power transmission and synchronous linkage between the linkage nodes through winding and friction of the steel wire rope on the linkage nodes (14) of the four-drum structure; Angle linkage steel wire rope (13) and height angle linkage steel wire rope (14) have the characteristics of stepless rope without end, and an appropriate number of supporting rollers (15) are set according to the width of the array row (column) to support the wire rope; azimuth angle linkage connecting rod (7) Connect the azimuth tracking crank (8) of two tracking mechanisms adjacent to the left and right in the same row in the array; Crank (10). 5. The tracking system of array linkage type solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the linkage node (14) of linkage mechanism comprises two groups of shaft pairs, two groups of reel pairs, four groups of gear pairs, and linkage steering device, power input steel wire rope, power output steel wire rope; two sets of shaft pairs include a driving shaft pair and a driven shaft pair, that is, the first driving shaft (34), the second driving shaft (32), the first driven shaft (36), For the second driven shaft (37), the two ends of each shaft are respectively fixedly equipped with gears, and the middle part is fixedly installed with reels, and are sequentially meshed and connected through four groups of gear pairs; the double reels on the driving shaft pair pass through The winding of the power input wire rope (101) (102) is connected; the double drums on the driven shaft pair are connected through the winding of the power output wire rope (103) (104). 6. The tracking system of array linkage solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the linkage steering gear of linkage mechanism comprises linkage shaft (25), double linkage crank (19), node connecting rod (26), Two groups of worm and worm mechanisms (21, 22); two ends of the linkage shaft (25) are respectively equipped with a set of worm and worm mechanisms (21, 22); one end of the double linkage crank (19) is connected to The shafts (25) are connected, the other ends of which are connected to each other through a node connecting rod (26), and are respectively connected to the tracking cranks (8 or 10) of the adjacent tracking device through a linkage connecting rod (7 or 11). 7. The tracking system of array linkage type solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the linkage steering gear is installed on the first driving shaft (34) position of linkage node (14) as linkage node a, and is installed on its The position of the first slave (36) is linkage node b; when the number of linkage nodes (14) in the array is equal to or greater than 2, linkage node a and linkage node b are distributed at intervals in sequence, and adjacent linkage nodes are connected by linkage wire ropes. 8. The tracking system of array linkage solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, one end of the linkage crank structure (19) has a turbine shaft hole (43), a bolt mounting hole (42) and a bolt mounting hole (42) in the middle. Two connecting rod installation holes (41) of the bearing platform are left at the other end, and the height of the bearing platform is higher than the fixed bolt and the protruding part of the turbine shaft; the shaft hole of the linkage crank mechanism is the installation position of the turbine shaft, and the bolt is installed in the bolt installation hole The position and the turbine wall are fixed and installed to realize the synchronous and concentric rotation of the linkage crank and the turbine; the double linkage crank structure in the same node is connected to each other through the node connecting rod (26) at two adjacent connecting rod mounting holes, and respectively through the connecting rod ( 11) or connecting rods (7) are connected to the corresponding tracking cranks (8) or tracking cranks (10) of the two tracking devices adjacent to the linkage node at the other two connecting rod mounting holes. 9. The tracking system of array linkage type solar energy two degrees of freedom as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, one end of the tracking crank structure (8 or 10) of the tracking mechanism has a supporting shaft mounting hole (46), and the other end has a The two linkage connecting rod installation holes (44) and the support rod installation hole (45) with the bearing platform in the middle, and the height of the bearing platform is greater than the thickness of the linkage linkage rod and the protruding part of the support shaft after the bearing is installed, and it is connected with the azimuth angle brace The rod (5) or the height angle brace (12) are connected; the end of the azimuth tracking crank (8) or the height angle tracking crank (10) has two linkage connecting rod mounting holes (44) side by side, which are respectively connected to the adjacent The azimuth linkage connecting rod (7) or the elevation angle linkage linkage (11) of the two tracking devices are connected.