CN106026878B - Solar energy tracking interconnection twin columns robot - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar tracking interconnected double-column robot, which includes a driving mechanism, a south main column (7), a north main column (5), a bracket main shaft (12), a light-absorbing bracket (18), and a bevel gear transmission device (25) , dynamic displacement transmission mechanism (8), reversible adjustable speed sheave mechanism (9); the drive mechanism, the intermediate shaft (6) is connected with the bevel gear transmission device, the lower sprocket (24), and the lower sprocket is connected to the main shaft of the bracket The upper sprocket (20) is wound with a ring chain (23), the bevel gear transmission is connected with a reversible speed-adjustable sheave mechanism, and the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism is arranged between the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket; the dynamic displacement The transmission mechanism includes a rack (802); the reversible adjustable speed sheave mechanism includes a bevel gear shaft seat (901) and a control panel (906), which uses a spring balance device to balance the force and moment brought by the main support when tracking the sun The change can reduce the power of the motor and make the equipment lighter.

Description

Solar Tracking Interconnected Dual Column Robot

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic photothermal equipment tracking, in particular to a solar tracking interconnected double-column robot.

Background technique

Due to the rotation of the earth, compared with a solar photovoltaic thermal power generation system at a fixed location, the four seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the sun rises and sunsets every day. The module can face the sun at all times, and the best power generation efficiency is the long-term need to face in the field of solar photovoltaic and thermal power generation technology. The solar tracking system is to optimize the use of sunlight in the process of photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation to improve the photoelectric conversion. High-efficiency mechanical and electronic control unit systems, keeping the power plant facing the sun when solar photovoltaic light and heat can significantly improve the photoelectric efficiency of solar photovoltaic modules, but the solar trackers currently on the market still have the following problems: 1. Dual-axis solar energy Too many tracking machines are driven separately by two shafts, which consume a lot of electricity and cost a lot, and the rotating devices such as motors, various sensors and electronic controls consume a lot of energy and cannot be linked with each other; 2. Due to the large load of the entire transmission system, the overall steel structure 3. The single-axis solar tracker has no altitude angle tracking transmission device, which has large tracking error, low tracking accuracy, and low power generation efficiency (or photovoltaic photothermal comprehensive efficiency).

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the tracking system of solar photovoltaic photothermal equipment in the prior art, and provide a method of improving solar energy utilization rate, high tracking accuracy, lightweight tracking mechanical equipment, synchronous linkage of azimuth and altitude tracking, which can reduce Consumption and cost reduction of solar-tracked interconnected dual-column robots.

The technical solution adopted for the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the solar tracking interconnected double-column robot includes a driving mechanism, a south main column, a north main column, a bracket main shaft, a light absorbing bracket, a bevel gear transmission, a dynamic displacement Transmission mechanism, reversible and adjustable speed sheave mechanism; the main shaft of the bracket and the light absorbing bracket are connected through the shaft support seat, the upper ends of the south main column and the north main column are respectively connected to the main shaft of the bracket, the driving mechanism, the intermediate shaft and the bevel gear transmission device, the lower The sprocket is connected, the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket on the main shaft of the bracket are connected with a circular chain, the bevel gear transmission is connected with a reversible speed-adjustable sheave mechanism, and the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism is arranged on the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket; the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism includes a rack, a guide wheel, a rack sleeve, an adjustment wheel, and a half wheel; the reversible speed-adjustable sheave mechanism includes a bevel gear shaft seat, a bevel gear shaft, The grooved wheel, the pin, the driving wheel, the control disc, the circular link chain is wound on the half wheel and the adjusting wheel in the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism, the bevel gear transmission is connected with the bevel gear shaft, and the bevel gear shaft seat is connected with the The bevel gear shafts are assembled together and fixed on the south main column. The driving wheel is set on the upper end of the bevel gear shaft and corresponds to the position of the sheave. The driving wheel is provided with a pin matching the rectangular groove in the sheave and a control pin Telescopic control panel, the grooved wheel is movably socketed on the south main column, the grooved wheel is threadedly connected with the screw tube in the south main column, the column support at the upper end of the screw tube is movably connected with the main shaft of the bracket, and the support on the column is A cam plate is connected, the cam surface of the cam plate is in contact with one end of the rack in the rack sleeve, and the rack is meshed with the gear of the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism.

Further, a spring balance device is also included, one end of the spring balance device is fixed on the support on the north main column, and the other end is fixed on the light absorbing bracket through a balance rope.

Further, it also includes a light reflection bracket, and the light reflection bracket is arranged obliquely on both sides of the light absorption bracket, and the light reflection bracket is connected by a steel wire rope, and the light absorption bracket, the light reflection bracket and their components form a V-shaped solar concentrator.

Further, it also includes an interconnected transmission device composed of a shaft coupling, an interconnected long shaft, an intermediate shaft between the south main column and the north main column, and an interconnected bearing seat.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: compared with the prior art, 1. By adopting the way of multi-unit interconnection and azimuth angle and elevation angle linkage, only one set of driving mechanism (motor, reducer) can be used to drive multiple units of the same type The solar tracking interconnected double-column robot can greatly reduce consumption and cost; 2. The drive mechanism and bevel gear drive drive the reversible and adjustable sheave mechanism to rotate the screw tube to lift and automatically track the solar altitude angle, while the lower sprocket of the intermediate shaft pulls The circular link chain drives the sprocket on the main shaft of the bracket and the light absorbing bracket to track the azimuth of the sun through the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism, and its tracking accuracy is high; 3. The reversible and adjustable speed sheave mechanism is driven by the drive mechanism, etc. The device provides power, automatically tracks the sun's altitude angle, rigid synchronous drive, and has high tracking accuracy of the solar altitude angle; 4. The spring balance device is used to balance the force and moment changes brought by the main support when tracking the sun, which can reduce the power of the motor and make the Lightweight equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the front view structure of the present invention,

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention,

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line A-A of FIG. 3 .

In the figure, 1, motor 2, reducer 3, worm gear reducer 4, coupling 5, north main column 6, intermediate shaft 7, south main column 8, dynamic displacement transmission structure 800, double wheel frame 801, Sprocket long pin Ⅰ 802, rack 803, sprocket long pin Ⅱ 804, guide wheel 805, sprocket long pin Ⅲ 806, intermediate support 807, rack sleeve 808, adjustment wheel 809, half wheel 9, reversible and adjustable speed Sheave mechanism 901, bevel gear shaft seat 902, bevel gear shaft 903, sheave 904, pin 905, driving wheel 906, control panel 907, rectangular slot 10, interconnected long shaft 11, column support 12, bracket main shaft 13 , shaft support seat 14, photothermal light reflection assembly 15, light reflection assembly 16, steel wire rope 17, photovoltaic photothermal assembly 18, light absorption bracket 19, spring balance device 20, upper sprocket 21, guide arm 22, cam plate 23, Ring chain 24, lower sprocket wheel 25, bevel gear transmission 26, screw tube 27, bearing on the north main post.

detailed description

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments according to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the solar tracking interconnected double-column robot includes a drive mechanism, a south main column 7, a north main column 5, a bracket spindle 12, and a light-absorbing bracket 18 (carrying photovoltaic photothermal components 17 ), a bevel gear transmission 25, a dynamic displacement transmission mechanism 8, a reversible speed-adjustable sheave mechanism 9; the main shaft of the bracket and the light absorption bracket are connected through the shaft support seat 13, and the upper ends of the south main column and the north main column are respectively connected to the bracket The main shaft, the driving mechanism and the bevel gear through the coupling 4, the intermediate shaft 6, the interconnected long shaft 10, the interconnected bearing seat (set in the south main column and the north main column, not shown in the figure, and other connection methods can also be used) Transmission device, lower sprocket 24 links to each other, described lower sprocket and upper sprocket 20 on the support main shaft are connected with ring chain 23, and described bevel gear transmission connects reversible adjustable speed sheave mechanism, and described dynamic variable The bit transmission mechanism is set between the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket; the drive mechanism includes a motor 1 (preferably a frequency conversion motor), a reducer 2 (preferably a multi-stage harmonic reducer), and a worm gear reducer 3; the dynamic variable The bit transmission mechanism includes chain long pins (in the figure, there are sprocket long pin Ⅰ801, sprocket long pin Ⅱ803, sprocket long pin Ⅲ805), rack 802, guide wheel 804, intermediate support 806, rack sleeve 807, adjustment wheel 808, half wheel 809; the reversible and speed-adjustable sheave mechanism includes a bevel gear shaft seat 901, a bevel gear shaft 902, a sheave 903, a pin 904, a drive wheel 905, and a control disc 906, and the circular link is connected On the half wheel and the adjustment wheel in the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism, the bevel gear transmission is connected to the bevel gear shaft, the bevel gear shaft seat and the bevel gear shaft are assembled together and fixed on the south main column, and the driving wheel is arranged on the bevel gear shaft. The upper end of the gear shaft corresponds to the position of the sheave. The driving wheel is provided with a pin matching the rectangular groove 907 in the sheave and a control panel for controlling the expansion and contraction of the pin. The sheave is movably connected to the south main column, and the groove The wheel is threadedly connected with the screw tube in the south main column, and the support 11 on the column at the upper end of the screw tube is movably connected with the main shaft of the bracket. One end of the rack is in contact, and the rack is meshed with a gear (not shown in the figure) of the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism.

In the above, when the solar tracking interconnected double-column robot of the present invention is tracking the height angle, the cam plate connected to the support on the column and the threaded pipe move up and down to push the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism, and its function is to adjust the circle The length of the remaining chain of the chain link is to ensure that the circular link is always in a tight state, which plays the role of tightening the circular link and ensures the accuracy of azimuth adjustment.

In the above, when the reversible and speed-adjustable sheave mechanism of the present invention is performing altitude angle tracking (the altitude angle is not adjusted every day, it is intermittent tracking adjustment), the driving wheel The pin on the top (only one shown in the figure, but not limited to one) rotates with the bevel gear shaft. When it rotates into the rectangular slot in the sheave (there are 10 slots in the picture), it drives the sheave to rotate at a certain angle , remove the sheave, after passing through the control panel, the pin retracts downward, and does not push the sheave to rotate, so as to ensure the accurate rotation of the sheave (that is, the precise adjustment of the solar altitude angle), when the altitude angle needs to be returned (adjust the height) or turn down), the pin on the driving wheel passes the control panel again, the pin protrudes upwards, and rotates in the opposite direction into the groove in the sheave, so that the sheave rotates in the opposite direction, thereby returning the solar altitude angle ( up or down).

In addition, the present invention also includes a spring balance device 19, one end of the spring balance device is fixed on the support 27 on the north main column, and the other end is fixed on the light absorption bracket through a balance rope. In order to achieve a better balance effect, the light absorption bracket A balance sheave can be set on it.

In addition, in order to maximize the utilization of solar energy, the present invention also includes a photothermal light reflection assembly 14 and a light reflection bracket 15, the light reflection bracket is located on both sides of the light absorption bracket and is arranged obliquely, and the light reflection bracket is connected by a steel wire rope 16, and the photothermal light reflection assembly and light absorbing components to form a V-shaped surface solar concentrator.

Of course, the present invention also includes electrical controllers and sensors (commonly used sensors include photocells, photoresistors, photoelectric tubes, and bimetallic strips, etc.), and the controller includes control components such as PLC, and its effect is based on the longitude and latitude of the placement point. The information calculates the altitude and azimuth of the sun at different times of each day of the year, and stores the sun's position at each time of the year in the PLC to precisely control the drive mechanism for azimuth tracking and altitude tracking adjustments. In addition, it also includes wind load, friction moment, angular acceleration and other load calculations, wherein the azimuth tracking adjustment range is 0-180°, and the elevation angle tracking adjustment range is 0-90°.

Working principle: The PLC inverter controls the motor, and the reducer drives the worm gear reducer, drives the bevel gear transmission and the driving wheel on the bevel gear shaft, and the pin moves the sheave (under the control of the control panel), the sheave Rotate with its internal thread, raise or lower the screw tube, the bracket spindle on the screw tube, the light absorbing bracket and the photovoltaic photothermal module, etc. rotate around the center of the support pin on the north main column to timely rotate the height angle of the solar tracking. Another transmission path: the intermediate shaft drives the sprocket in the spline shaft section, and pulls the circular chain through the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism (also known as the variable remaining chain adjustment device, which consists of a double wheel frame adjustment wheel, a half wheel, and a rack sleeve. , intermediate support and cam plate, etc.) and guide arm (including adjustment wheel, sprocket long pin, etc.) to drive the upper sprocket and bracket spindle, light-absorbing main frame, photovoltaic photothermal components, etc. to track the azimuth of solar energy.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, all of them shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The solar tracking interconnected double-column robot is characterized in that it includes a driving mechanism, a south main column (7), a north main column (5), a bracket main shaft (12), a light absorbing bracket (18), and a bevel gear transmission ( 25), dynamic displacement transmission mechanism (8), reversible and adjustable speed sheave mechanism (9); the main shaft of the bracket and the light absorption bracket are connected through the shaft support seat (13), and the upper ends of the south main column and the north main column are respectively connected flexibly The main shaft of the bracket, the driving mechanism, the intermediate shaft (6) are connected with the bevel gear transmission and the lower sprocket (24), and the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket (20) on the main shaft of the bracket are connected with a circular chain (23 ), the bevel gear transmission is connected with a reversible speed-adjustable sheave mechanism, and the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism is arranged between the lower sprocket and the upper sprocket; the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism includes a rack (802), a guide wheel (804), intermediate support (806), rack sleeve (807), adjustment wheel (808), half wheel (809); the reversible adjustable speed sheave mechanism includes bevel gear shaft seat (901), umbrella Gear shaft (902), sheave (903), pin (904), drive wheel (905), control panel (906), the ring chain is connected to the half wheel and adjustment wheel in the dynamic displacement transmission mechanism Above, the bevel gear transmission is connected to the bevel gear shaft, the bevel gear shaft seat is assembled with the bevel gear shaft and fixed on the south main column, the driving wheel is arranged on the upper end of the bevel gear shaft and corresponds to the position of the groove wheel, and the driving wheel is A pin matching the rectangular groove (907) in the sheave and a control panel for controlling the expansion and contraction of the pin are provided. The sheave is movably connected to the south main column, and the sheave is threadedly connected with the screw pipe in the south main column. , the upper end of the screw tube is connected to the main shaft of the bracket through the support on the column, the support on the column is connected with a cam plate, the cam surface of the cam plate is in contact with one end of the rack in the rack sleeve, the rack is in contact with the The gears of the transmission mechanism mesh. 2. The solar tracking interconnected double-column robot according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a spring balance device (19), one end of the spring balance device is fixed on the support (27) on the north main column, and the other end passes through The balance rope is fixed on the light absorbing bracket. 3. The solar tracking and interconnected double-column robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a light reflection bracket (15), the light reflection bracket is located on both sides of the light absorption bracket and arranged obliquely, and the light reflection bracket is connected by a steel wire rope (16). The light absorbing frame, the light reflecting frame and their components form a V-shaped solar concentrator. 4. The solar tracking interconnected double-column robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a coupling, an interconnected long axis (10), an intermediate shaft (6) between the south main column and the north main column, and an interconnected The interconnected transmission device composed of bearing housings.