WO2018133006A1 - 无人机起落架控制方法、装置、无人机及其系统 - Google Patents

无人机起落架控制方法、装置、无人机及其系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133006A1
WO2018133006A1 PCT/CN2017/071711 CN2017071711W WO2018133006A1 WO 2018133006 A1 WO2018133006 A1 WO 2018133006A1 CN 2017071711 W CN2017071711 W CN 2017071711W WO 2018133006 A1 WO2018133006 A1 WO 2018133006A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drone
height
landing gear
ground
preset
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PCT/CN2017/071711
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林灿龙
王立
商志猛
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/071711 priority Critical patent/WO2018133006A1/zh
Priority to CN201780000289.9A priority patent/CN107000832B/zh
Publication of WO2018133006A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133006A1/zh
Priority to US16/515,428 priority patent/US11834197B2/en
Priority to US18/528,132 priority patent/US20240174378A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D45/00Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
    • B64D45/04Landing aids; Safety measures to prevent collision with earth's surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00Alighting gear
    • B64C25/02Undercarriages
    • B64C25/08Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
    • B64C25/10Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
    • B64C25/18Operating mechanisms
    • B64C25/24Operating mechanisms electric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00Alighting gear
    • B64C25/001Devices not provided for in the groups B64C25/02 - B64C25/68
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U70/00Launching, take-off or landing arrangements
    • B64U70/80Vertical take-off or landing, e.g. using rockets
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • G01C5/005Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels altimeters for aircraft
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/04Control of altitude or depth
    • G05D1/06Rate of change of altitude or depth
    • G05D1/0607Rate of change of altitude or depth specially adapted for aircraft
    • G05D1/0653Rate of change of altitude or depth specially adapted for aircraft during a phase of take-off or landing
    • G05D1/0676Rate of change of altitude or depth specially adapted for aircraft during a phase of take-off or landing specially adapted for landing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00Type of UAV
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U60/00Undercarriages
    • B64U60/40Undercarriages foldable or retractable

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of aircraft, and in particular, to a drone control system, a device, a user equipment, a drone, and a drone system thereof.
  • UAVs have become a hotspot and focus of scientific research, and are widely used in various fields. Applications such as low-altitude surveys, meteorological surveys, aerial photography, etc.
  • the drone can be equipped with a landing gear for supporting the body so that the drone can be supported by its landing gear when landing.
  • the existing drone may be provided with a landing gear deformation function.
  • the drone with the landing gear deformation function is generally manually operated by the user through the remote control.
  • the drone may not be caused by some special reasons.
  • the landing gear is lowered in time, which causes the drone's body to directly contact the obstacles such as the ground, causing serious consequences for the drone.
  • the user when the user is flying a drone with a landing gear deformation function, he may forget to open the landing gear switch in time during the landing of the drone due to misoperation, etc., causing the drone base to directly contact the ground and the bomber .
  • the drone when the drone suddenly enters the high terrain area from the low-altitude area, if the user cannot adjust the throttle stick in time due to the unfamiliar terrain, it may cause the drone.
  • the bomber is in direct contact with the ground without lowering the landing gear.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a drone landing gear control method, device, user equipment, drone and its unmanned aerial vehicle system, which are used for automatically releasing the landing gear when the drone is landing, so as to solve the drone
  • the landing gear was not lowered when landing, causing the problem of grounding the bomber.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone, which may include:
  • the drone does not lower the landing gear, adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above, and lower the landing gear.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a drone control device for a drone, which may include:
  • a first detecting module configured to detect whether a ground height of the drone is greater than a first preset height threshold, and a ground height is a vertical height of the drone relative to the object;
  • the adjusting module is configured to adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or more when the height of the ground is not greater than the first preset height threshold, and the drone does not lower the landing gear;
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a user equipment, which may include:
  • the memory is used to store instructions
  • the processor is configured to execute the storage instructions
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor, cause the user equipment to perform the following functions:
  • the drone does not lower the landing gear, adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above, and lower the landing gear.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a drone, which may include:
  • the drone does not lower the landing gear, adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above, and lower the landing gear.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a drone system, which can include a control terminal and is open to the control terminal
  • the control terminal is configured to send a control command to the drone
  • the drone includes a controller, a body, a sensing component, and a landing gear, and the controller receives the Control commands control the landing gear.
  • the ground level can be lowered when the height of the ground is lower than the first preset height threshold and the drone does not lower the landing gear.
  • the landing gear so that the drone can use the landing gear for standing support when it is possible to touch the ground, effectively avoiding serious consequences such as a bomber caused by a hard landing, thereby effectively improving the flight or landing process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a drone control device for a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a drone control device for a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a drone control device for a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a drone control device for a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a drone landing gear control method, device, user equipment, drone and its unmanned aerial vehicle system, which are used for automatically releasing the landing gear when the drone is landing, so as to solve the drone
  • the landing gear was not lowered when landing, causing the problem of grounding the bomber.
  • the drone may include a fuselage and a landing gear connected to the fuselage.
  • the landing gear is an accessory device for supporting the drone when the lower part of the drone is used for take-off landing or ground (water surface) sliding, and is used for ground (water surface) movement, as the only component supporting the entire drone.
  • the landing gear plays an extremely important role in the safe take-off and landing of drones.
  • the drone user can control the drone by correspondingly controlling the drone remote control, and can also release and retract the landing gear of the drone to The machine is safely protected when it is landed.
  • the drone remote control can also release and retract the landing gear of the drone to The machine is safely protected when it is landed.
  • the landing gear of the drone may collide directly with the ground without being lowered.
  • the occurrence of a bomber has a serious impact on the drone, and it has also brought economic losses to the drone users and increased the flight cost.
  • the tripod by detecting the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the tripod can be automatically released when the drone is lower than the safe flying height, so as to prevent the drone from directly colliding with the ground such as a misoperation. It effectively reduces the probability of the drone generating the bomber, reduces the damage degree of the drone, and is also beneficial to maintain the operating experience of the drone user.
  • the drone generally includes a fuselage, a landing gear connected to the fuselage, a controller disposed on the fuselage, and a sensing component.
  • the sensing component can be used to obtain the height of the drone to the ground
  • the controller can be used to control the landing gear.
  • the landing gear belongs to the accessory unit of the drone and is part of the drone.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle described in the direct collision between the UAV and the object in this embodiment mainly refers to the airframe of the drone, and the fuselage may include other devices such as a gimbal, a camera, and the like, the landing gear and the object. Direct contact can not be considered as a direct collision of the drone with the object.
  • an embodiment of the unmanned aerial vehicle landing gear control method in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the height of the drone can be acquired in real time through sensing elements such as ultrasonic sensors, cameras, infrared sensors, etc. on the drone, and the ground of the drone can be detected in real time. Whether the height is greater than the first preset height threshold.
  • the height to the ground may be the vertical height of the drone relative to the object.
  • the first preset height threshold may be preset as the safe flying height, and the safe flying height may be used as a demarcation criterion for whether the drone needs to automatically lower the landing gear.
  • the first preset height threshold may be set based on the data statistics, and may be set based on the operating experience of the user of the drone, which is not limited herein.
  • the object may be an obstacle, such as a building, a ground carton, or the like, and may be an object, as long as it is an object capable of forming a vertical height difference with the drone, and is not limited herein.
  • the drone does not lower the landing gear, adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above, and lower the landing gear.
  • the ground height can be adjusted to the first preset height threshold or above, and the lower limit is set. landing gear.
  • the height of the drone may not be greater than the first preset height threshold, so to protect the safety of the drone, avoid the drone and The object collides directly.
  • the vertical height between the drone and the object can be adjusted so that the height of the ground is greater than the first preset height threshold, or maintained at the first preset height.
  • the threshold value that is, the drone can set a limited low kinetic energy
  • the low limit function means that the drone needs to maintain the first preset height threshold or above to the ground height when the landing gear of the drone is not lowered, the low limit function Turning on or off has direct contact with the landing gear of the drone: When the landing gear is retracted, the drone automatically turns on the low limit function. When the landing gear is lowered, the drone automatically turns off the low limit function. Understandably, in practical applications, the shutdown of the UAV's low-limit function can also be non-automatic, as long as the low limit can be guaranteed.
  • the function can be turned on when the landing gear is in the stowed state, which is not limited herein.
  • the height of the unmanned aircraft relative to the object can be limited to be greater than 0.7 meters, and when the landing gear is in the stowed state, the drone function of the drone is turned on, and the drone is at least To maintain an altitude of 0.7 m with the object, if the altitude of the drone is detected to be no more than 0.7 m due to a sudden change such as a terrain, if the height of the ground is changed from 1.2 m to 0.3 m, the drone can automatically slow down. Raise to a height of 0.7 m or more to the ground to prevent accidental ground contact.
  • the landing gear can be lowered to reduce the direct collision probability of the aircraft in the case of a drone drop or a sudden change in terrain.
  • the first preset height threshold in this embodiment may be other values in the actual application. This embodiment is only for example, and is not limited herein.
  • the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greater than the first preset height threshold, it indicates that the flight state of the drone is relatively safe at this time, and the operation may be terminated without performing other operations.
  • the ground height of the drone can be continuously monitored in real time to prevent the landing gear from being lowered when the height of the drone does not meet the safety height, and is not limited herein.
  • the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be calculated by acquiring the sensing data in real time to obtain the height of the ground, and then in the opposite direction.
  • the ground height can be tested to obtain more accurate test results.
  • FIG. 2 another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the sensing data of the drone can be acquired in real time through the sensing component, and the vertical height of the drone relative to the object can be calculated in real time.
  • the specific manner of obtaining the sensing data may be:
  • the sensing data in this embodiment is one of a first time difference, a focal length, and a second time difference.
  • the bottom of the drone can be equipped with an ultrasonic device that can be placed on the front side and downward, and can include an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. After the ultrasonic transmitter emits the ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic receiver can be used to receive the transmission signal of the ultrasonic signal, so that according to the transmission time of the ultrasonic transmitter and the receiving time of the ultrasonic receiver, the transmitting signal of the transmitting ultrasonic signal and the receiving ultrasonic signal can be determined.
  • the sensing data may be acquired in other manners, for example, may be added.
  • Near-range ranging sensors such as TOF (time of flight) sensors perform close-range ranging, such as laser radar, infrared sensors, etc., using the time-of-flight measurement of optical pulses, as long as the UAV can be calculated based on the sensed data.
  • the height is OK, which is not limited here.
  • the ground height of the drone can be calculated according to the sensing data.
  • the specific manner of calculating the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the sensing element may be:
  • the transmission time of the ultrasonic transmitter and the receiving time of the ultrasonic receiver after the first time difference is obtained, since the transmission speed of the ultrasonic signal in the air is known, the first time difference and the transmission speed of the ultrasonic signal can be obtained. Calculate the height of the drone to the ground.
  • the correspondence between the focal length of the camera and the object distance can be stored in the drone, and after obtaining the focal length when the camera completes focusing on the object, the correspondence can be determined according to the stored correspondence.
  • the object distance corresponding to the focal length, the determined object distance is the distance between the camera and the object, so that the height of the drone can be calculated according to the positional relationship between the camera and the drone and the height of the camera.
  • the distance between the camera and the object is the distance between the center point of the camera and the position at which the object is in focus, so that no matter which position of the object is selected when focusing, Get a more accurate distance between the camera and the position where the object is in focus.
  • the camera may be used to take an image of the object to calculate.
  • the altitude of the drone is described by taking a binocular camera as an example.
  • the first image can be obtained at the first position of the camera, and the first angle of the object perpendicular to the center of the field of view of the first image can be determined, and then the camera can be
  • the second position acquires a second image, determines a second angle of the object perpendicular to the center of the field of view of the second image, and determines a third angle at which the camera rotates from the first position to the second position, and finally according to the first angle, the second
  • the angle, the third angle, and the radius of rotation of the camera may determine a first distance from the first position of the camera to the object, and determine a second distance from the second position of the camera to the object, thereby determining the first distance, the second distance, and
  • the height of the camera can be used to calculate the height of the drone.
  • the method for calculating the height of the ground of the UAV by using the monocular camera or the binocular camera is merely an example.
  • the monocular camera or the binocular camera is merely an example.
  • the second time difference and the radar wave signal can be obtained.
  • the transmission speed can be used to calculate the height of the drone.
  • the embodiment only illustrates the specific manner of calculating the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the sensing data.
  • a sensor acquires a moving speed of the drone in the first coordinate system, and acquires a moving speed of the drone in the second coordinate system by the second sensor, so that the moving speed of the drone in the first coordinate system can be
  • the moving speed of the drone in the second coordinate system and the height difference between the first sensor and the second sensor in the vertical direction can determine the vertical height of the drone relative to the object, and the specific manner is not limited herein.
  • Step 203 in this embodiment is the same as step 101 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the drone does not lower the landing gear, adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above, and lower the landing gear.
  • the ground height can be adjusted to the first preset height threshold or above, and the lower limit is set. landing gear.
  • the specific manner of lowering the landing gear may be:
  • the landing gear is lowered before the adjusted ground height falls back to the first preset height threshold.
  • the landing gear of the drone can be various.
  • the following can be expressed as follows: 1. Assume that A preset height threshold is 0.7 meters, and the altitude of the drone is abruptly changed to 0.3 meters. If the height of the drone needs to be adjusted to 0.7 meters, the altitude of the drone can be slowed by 0.3 meters. The landing gear is lowered during the rise to 0.7 meters. If the height of the drone needs to be adjusted to 0.9 meters, the landing gear can be lowered during the process of slowly increasing the altitude of the drone from 0.3 meters to 0.9 meters. 2.
  • the first preset height threshold is 0.7 meters and the drone's ground height is abruptly changed to 0.3 meters
  • the height of the drone can be grounded. After slowly increasing from 0.3 meters to 0.7 meters, the height of the drone is 0.7 meters, and the landing gear can be lowered when the height of the drone is 0.7 meters.
  • the first preset height threshold is assumed to be 0.7 meters.
  • the altitude of the machine is abruptly changed to 0.3 meters. If the altitude of the drone needs to be adjusted to 0.9 meters, the landing gear can be lowered before the height of the drone's ground is reduced from 0.9 meters to 0.7 meters.
  • the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greater than the first preset height threshold, it indicates that the flight state of the drone is relatively safe, and no other operations may be performed. That is to say, the process ends, but the ground height of the drone can be continuously monitored in real time to prevent the landing gear from being lowered when the height of the drone does not meet the safety height, and is not limited herein.
  • the drone may receive the descent command, then in order to ensure the flight safety of the drone, the UAV can be restricted to fly, that is, the UAV's low limit function is automatically turned on. :
  • FIG. 3 another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Steps 301 to 303 in this embodiment are the same as steps 201 to 203 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the drone When the height of the ground is not greater than the first preset height threshold, and the drone does not lower the landing gear, if the drone receives the descent command, the drone is controlled to maintain the first preset height threshold or above. Flying to the ground;
  • the drone when it is detected that the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not greater than the first preset height threshold, and the drone does not drop the landing gear, if the drone receives the descent command, the drone can be controlled to maintain Flying at a height above the first preset altitude threshold or above.
  • the drone has a low-limit function.
  • the drone When the landing gear is not lowered, the drone will automatically maintain the first preset height threshold or The above flight to the ground is high.
  • the drone can be controlled by the control terminal, that is, the drone remote controller, and the drone remote controller can be provided with three gear positions of the throttle stick, that is, the middle position and the middle position, and Below the neutral position (the median refers to the position of the throttle stick in the middle of the entire rocker stroke), these three gears can be used to control the movement of the drone in the vertical direction, when the throttle stick is above the neutral position
  • the drone can receive the rising command, the rising command is used to instruct the drone to move upwards.
  • the drone can receive the flight command to maintain the current height to the ground, when the throttle is shaken.
  • the drone can receive a descent command, and the descent command is used to instruct the drone to move downward.
  • the drone can be opened when the height limit function is not greater than the first preset height threshold.
  • the drone automatically adjusts the height of the ground to a specific altitude of the first preset height threshold or above.
  • the drone can maintain a high altitude flight at a first preset altitude threshold.
  • the drone when it is detected that the height of the ground of the drone is not greater than the first preset height threshold, and the drone is not lowered by the drone, if the throttle stick position is above the middle position, the drone The rising command can be received, and the drone can move upward in response to the rising command without being affected by the low limit function. If the throttle stick position is in the middle position, the drone can receive the current high ground. The flight instruction of the degree, then the drone can respond to the flight instruction when the current ground height is the first preset height threshold or above, and the drone can be when the current ground height is less than the first preset height threshold Instead of responding to the flight instruction, the aircraft is maintained at a height above the first predetermined altitude threshold or above.
  • the height of the ground may be further adjusted to the first preset height threshold or above, and put down. landing gear.
  • the landing gear can be lowered at the currently maintained height to the ground, and the currently maintained ground height can be separately adjusted.
  • the first preset height threshold of the drone is 0.7 meters.
  • the drone's ground height is abruptly changed to 0.3 meters, if the drone receives the descent command, the drone will not respond to the descent command drop. Rather, due to the function of the low-limit function, it can slowly rise from 0.3 m to the height of 0.7 m or more and maintain the altitude at the height of the ground. Then the landing gear can slowly rise from 0.3 m in the drone.
  • step 304 and step 305 in this embodiment can also be performed simultaneously, that is, when the drone maintains the first preset height threshold or above, the drone can not respond to the down command and Lower the landing gear, but in practical applications, when the drone is in the process of the landing gear being lowered, the landing gear can be defaulted to be in the stowed state.
  • the drone when the landing gear of the drone is put down, the drone can be in a safe state by default.
  • the landing gear has already played the role of protecting the drone or camera of the drone, and can avoid the drone and
  • the low limit function can be automatically turned off, so that when the throttle stick position is still below the neutral position, the drone can be lowered according to the falling command.
  • the drone can maintain the current altitude-to-ground flight.
  • the landing gear of the drone when the landing gear of the drone is lowered, if the throttle stick position is pushed to the middle position, the drone can move upward, but the landing gear does not have a height greater than the first preset height threshold. Instead, it can be put down, but it can only be put down, but the drone's low-limit function is turned off. It can be understood that, in practical applications, the landing gear of the drone can also be automatically retracted when the height of the ground is greater than the first preset height threshold, which is not limited herein.
  • the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greater than the first preset height threshold, it indicates that the flight state of the drone is relatively safe, and no other operations may be performed. That is to say, the process ends, but the ground height of the drone can be continuously monitored in real time to prevent the landing gear from being lowered when the height of the drone does not meet the safety height, and is not limited herein.
  • the application scenario of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the descent command is received before or after the landing gear of the drone is put down, which is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 in practical applications.
  • Some application scenarios may also be that after the drone of the drone is lowered, the drop command is received, and since the drone function of the drone is turned off, the drone can directly respond to the descent command after receiving the descent command, and the following is performed.
  • FIG. 4 another embodiment of a method for controlling a landing gear of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Steps 401 to 404 in this embodiment are the same as steps 201 to 204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the drone If the drone receives the falling command, the drone is controlled to respond to the falling command.
  • the drone after adjusting the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above and lowering the landing gear, if the drone receives the descent command, the drone can be controlled to respond to the descent command.
  • the drone can receive the descent command and can control no
  • the man-machine responds to the falling command, which is a direct drop.
  • the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greater than the first preset height threshold, it indicates that the flight state of the drone is relatively safe, and no other operations may be performed. That is to say, the process ends, but the ground height of the drone can be continuously monitored in real time to prevent the landing gear from being lowered when the height of the drone does not meet the safety height, and is not limited herein.
  • the landing gear of the drone is released, under the condition that the drone is relatively safe, The landing gear can also be retracted according to the actual situation.
  • the following is a detailed description:
  • another embodiment of the unmanned aerial vehicle landing gear control method in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Steps 501 to 504 in this embodiment are the same as steps 201 to 204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the terrain form of the flight area of the drone can be acquired in real time.
  • the flight area is determined according to the speed of the drone, and the area of the flight area can be positively correlated with the speed of the drone.
  • the landing gear of the drone can be retracted according to the actual situation, so as to reduce the resistance of the drone and improve the
  • the endurance capability of the man-machine and the flight speed of the drone can be obtained by first acquiring the landform of the flight area of the drone to detect whether the landform conforms to the situation of the drone retracting the landing gear.
  • the flight area of the drone can be determined according to the speed of the drone, that is, the greater the speed of the drone, the determination is made.
  • the area of the flying area of the drone can be larger.
  • the flying area can be a square centered on the position of the drone, or a circle centered on the position of the drone, and can also be combined with the drone.
  • the course of the flight determines the flight area, which is not limited here.
  • the flying height of the drone When acquiring the topography of the flight area, the flying height of the drone is generally high. At this time, a radar wave, RTK (Real-time kinematic), barometer, and other remote distance measuring sensors can be used to calculate the pair. Ground height.
  • RTK Real-time kinematic
  • the drone can be equipped with a GPS (Global Positioning System) or a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), and the position information of the drone can be located through GPS or GNSS.
  • the location information can be obtained from the server to obtain the topography of the location of the drone.
  • the location information may include, but is not limited to, the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the drone.
  • the specific manner of detecting whether the topographical shape satisfies the first preset condition may be:
  • the drone When the drone is flying at a fixed altitude, if the difference in the height of the ground acquired based on the topography is within a preset range, it is determined that the topographical shape satisfies the first preset condition.
  • the detection of the landform shape of the flight area of the drone is advantageous for preventing the landing gear of the drone from being frequently put down or stowed when the terrain is abruptly changed.
  • the contour of the flight area can be determined.
  • the contour line can be used to represent the altitude characteristics of the flight area. If the acquired geomorphology does not exist is greater than the pre-presence If the contour is dense and exceeds the preset elevation threshold, then the terrain morphology of the flight area may not be abrupt, so it can be determined that the topography meets the first preset condition.
  • the difference in the height of the drone can be obtained in combination with the acquired landform. If it is within the preset range, then the terrain shape of the flight area may not have a sudden change of terrain, then it may be determined that the topography form satisfies the first preset condition.
  • the ground surface may be used to acquire the ground of the drone in the first cycle. Height, assuming that the heights of the two adjacent acquisitions are 900 km and 895 km, respectively, it can be judged whether the difference between the heights of the two grounds is 5 m within a preset range of 0 to 10 m. If it is within the preset range, it can be determined that the terrain change of the flight area is not obvious, and the first preset condition is satisfied.
  • the preset density level, the preset altitude threshold, and the preset range in this embodiment may be set in advance, may be set according to data statistics, or may be set based on the operating experience of the drone, specifically Not limited.
  • the specific manner of detecting whether the flight state of the drone meets the second preset condition may be:
  • the drone does not receive the descent command and the ground height is greater than the second preset height threshold, it is determined that the flight state of the drone meets the second preset condition.
  • the second preset height threshold may be preset, and the second preset height threshold may be the same as the first preset height threshold or greater than the first preset height threshold to ensure the safety of the drone.
  • the second preset height threshold may be the same as the first preset height threshold or greater than the first preset height threshold to ensure the safety of the drone.
  • the second preset height threshold in this embodiment may be set based on data statistics, or may be set based on the operating experience of the user of the drone, which is not limited herein.
  • the landing gear can be retracted.
  • the drone if the terrain form of the drone meets the first preset condition, and the flight state of the drone satisfies the second condition, it may be expected that the flight area where the drone is located may not have a sudden change of the terrain, the drone At this time, there is no need to drop, so the danger of the drone being in direct contact with the object can be eliminated, and the landing gear of the drone can be put away to reduce the flight resistance of the drone.
  • the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greater than the first preset height threshold, it indicates that the flight state of the drone is relatively safe, and no other operations may be performed. That is to say, the process ends, but the ground height of the drone can be continuously monitored in real time to prevent the landing gear from being lowered when the height of the drone does not meet the safety height, and is not limited herein.
  • the height of the ground of the drone may be at any time not meeting the safe height, or not Other operations are performed to keep the landing gear of the drone from being lowered, but the terrain of the flight area of the drone can still be detected, which is not limited herein.
  • the default may be that the drone may be in the descending process, or the altitude of the drone may be unsatisfied. In the case of the safe altitude, other operations may not be performed, so that the landing state of the landing gear of the drone is continuously maintained, but the flight state of the drone can still be detected, which is not limited herein.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle landing gear control method in the embodiment of the present invention is described above.
  • the following describes the unmanned aerial vehicle landing gear control device in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, the unmanned aerial vehicle landing gear in the embodiment of the present invention is described.
  • An embodiment of the control device includes:
  • the first detecting module 601 is configured to detect whether the ground height of the drone is greater than a first preset height threshold, and the ground height is a vertical height of the drone relative to the object;
  • the adjusting module 602 is configured to adjust the height of the ground to a first preset height threshold or more when the height of the ground is not greater than the first preset height threshold, and the drone does not lower the landing gear;
  • the module 603 is lowered for lowering the landing gear.
  • FIG. 7 another embodiment of a drone control device for a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the first obtaining module 701 is configured to acquire sensing data.
  • the calculating module 702 is configured to calculate, according to the sensing data, a ground height of the drone;
  • the module 703 in this embodiment is the same as the module 601 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.
  • the module 704 is the same as the module 602 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and the 705 is the same as the module 603 in the embodiment shown in FIG. I won't go into details here.
  • the first obtaining module 701 may be further specifically used to:
  • the calculation module 702 can be further specifically used to:
  • the ground height of the drone is calculated based on the first time difference and the transmission speed of the ultrasonic signal.
  • the first obtaining module 701 may be further specifically used to:
  • the calculation module 702 can be further specifically used to:
  • the height of the drone is calculated according to the correspondence between the focal length and the object distance.
  • the first obtaining module 701 may be further specifically used to:
  • the calculation module 702 can be further specifically used to:
  • the ground height of the drone is calculated according to the second time difference and the transmission speed of the radar wave signal.
  • the drop module 705 may be further specifically used to:
  • the landing gear is lowered before the adjusted ground height falls back to the first preset height threshold.
  • another embodiment of the drone control device of the UAV in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the module 801 in this embodiment is the same as the module 701 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.
  • the module 802 is the same as the module 702 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and the 803 is the same as the module 703 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 804 is the same as module 704 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and 805 is the same as module 705 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and details are not described herein again.
  • control module 806 is configured to control the drone to maintain the first preset height threshold or more to the ground height flight when the drone receives the down command.
  • the descent module 807 can be used to descend according to the descent command after the landing gear of the drone is lowered.
  • control module 806 may be further configured to control the drone to respond to the falling instruction when the drone receives the falling instruction.
  • FIG. 9 another embodiment of a drone control device for a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the module 901 in this embodiment is the same as the module 701 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.
  • the module 902 is the same as the module 702 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and the 903 is the same as the module 703 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 904 is the same as module 704 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and 905 is the same as module 705 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and details are not described herein again.
  • a second acquiring module 906 configured to acquire a topography of a flight area of the drone, wherein the flight area is determined according to a speed of the drone, and an area of the flight area is positively correlated with a speed;
  • the second detecting module 907 is configured to detect whether the topographical shape satisfies the first preset condition
  • the third detecting module 908 is configured to detect whether the flight state of the drone meets the second preset condition when the local appearance form satisfies the first preset condition;
  • the module 909 is configured to retract the landing gear when the flight state of the drone meets the second preset condition.
  • the second detecting module 907 may be further specifically used to:
  • the drone When the drone is flying at a fixed altitude, if the difference in the height of the ground acquired based on the topography is within a preset range, it is determined that the topographical shape satisfies the first preset condition.
  • the third detecting module 908 may be further specifically used to:
  • the drone does not receive the descent command and the ground height is greater than the second preset height threshold, it is determined that the flight state of the drone meets the second preset condition.
  • the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the memory 1002 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 1001 is configured to execute a storage instruction that, when executed by the processor 1001, causes the user equipment to perform the following functions:
  • the drone does not lower the landing gear, adjust the height of the ground to the first preset height threshold or above, and lower the landing gear.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the height of the drone to the ground is calculated.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the calculated ground height of the drone includes:
  • the ground height of the drone is calculated based on the first time difference and the transmission speed of the ultrasonic signal.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the calculated ground height of the drone includes:
  • the height of the drone is calculated according to the correspondence between the focal length and the object distance.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the calculated ground height of the drone includes:
  • the ground height of the drone is calculated according to the second time difference and the transmission speed of the radar wave signal.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the landing gear is lowered before the adjusted ground height falls back to the first preset height threshold.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the drone If the drone receives the descent command, the drone is controlled to maintain the altitude at the first preset height threshold or above.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the drone If the drone receives the descent command, it controls the drone to respond to the descent command.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the flight area is determined according to the speed of the drone, The area of the flight area is positively correlated with the speed of the drone;
  • the landing gear is stowed.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the drone When the drone is flying at a fixed altitude, if the difference in the height of the ground acquired based on the topography is within a preset range, it is determined that the topographical shape satisfies the first preset condition.
  • the storage instructions when executed by the processor 1001, cause the user equipment to also perform the following functions:
  • the drone does not receive the descent command and the ground height is greater than the second preset height threshold, it is determined that the flight state of the drone meets the second preset condition.
  • the user equipment can be a drone, which includes a fuselage, a landing gear connected to the fuselage, a controller disposed on the fuselage, and a sensing component.
  • the sensing element is for sensing the ground level of the drone, and the controller is for performing the steps performed by the processor 1001 as above.
  • the controller can be a flight controller.
  • the present invention also relates to a drone system including a control terminal and a drone as described above, which is communicable with the control terminal, and the control terminal is configured to send a control command to the drone, the drone including the controller and the machine The body, the sensing element and the landing gear, the controller controls the landing gear according to the received control commands.
  • the control terminal can be a remote control of the drone, a tablet with a control system, a mobile phone, a control bracelet, and the like.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or Some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

一种起落架控制方法、装置、用户设备、无人机以及无人机系统,该方法为:检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。通过上述方法在无人机有可能触地时自动放下起落架,可以有效避免无人机的硬着陆触地而造成的炸机等严重后果,进而有效提高了无人机在飞行或降落过程中的安全性能,并可以最大限度地保护无人机的机体免于受损。

Description

无人机起落架控制方法、装置、无人机及其系统 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及飞行器领域,尤其涉及一种无人机起落架控制方法、装置、用户设备、无人机及其无人机系统。
背景技术
近年来,无人机由于成本低、行动灵活、具有良好的操作性、无人员伤亡风险及可涉足较恶劣环境中工作等优点,逐渐成为科学研究的热点和重点,并在各个领域具有较为广泛的应用,如低空侦查、气象勘测、航空摄影等。
一般来说,无人机可以安装有用于支撑该机体的起落架,以便于无人机在着陆时,可以通过其起落架进行站立支撑。而为了避免固定于机体的起落架无法进行收放动作,而导致对无人机操作的影响,现有的无人机可设有起落架变形功能。在实际应用中,具备起落架变形功能的无人机对于起落架的放下动作一般都由用户通过遥控器手动操纵,然而,在某些应用场合中,由于某些特殊原因可能导致无人机未及时放下起落架,进而导致无人机机体直接与地面等障碍物接触而对无人机造成严重后果。例如,当用户在试飞具有起落架变形功能的无人机时,可能由于误操作等原因而忘记在无人机的降落过程中及时打开起落架开关,导致无人机基体直接触地而炸机。又例如,在某些地形突变的飞行环境中,当无人机从下视空旷区域突然进入高地形区域时,若用户由于不熟知地形而无法及时调控油门摇杆,也有可能会导致无人机在未放下起落架的情况下直接触地而发生炸机。
因此,有必要对无人机中具备变形功能的起落架进行相应的控制,以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种无人机起落架控制方法、装置、用户设备、无人机及其无人机系统,用于在无人机降落时自动释放起落架,以解决无人机在降落时起落架未放下而导致触地炸机的问题。
有鉴于此,本发明第一方面提供一种无人机起落架控制方法,可包括:
检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
本发明第二方面提供一种无人机起落架控制装置,可包括:
第一检测模块,用于检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
调整模块,用于当对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架时,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上;
放下模块,用于放下起落架。
本发明第三方面提供一种用户设备,可包括:
处理器以及存储器;
存储器用于存储指令,处理器用于执行存储指令,存储指令在被处理器执行时,使用户设备执行如下功能:
检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
本发明第四方面提供一种无人机,可包括:
机身、连接于机身的起落架、设置于机身的控制器以及感测元件,感测元件用于感测无人机的对地高度,控制器用于执行以下步骤:
检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
本发明第五方面提供一种无人机系统,可包括控制终端及与控制终端可通 信的如本发明第四方面所述的无人机,控制终端用于发送控制指令至无人机,无人机包括控制器、机身、感测元件以及起落架,控制器根据接收到的控制指令控制起落架。
从以上技术方案可以看出,本发明实施例具有以下优点:
本实施例中,通过检测无人机的对地高度以及无人机的起落架的收放状态,可以在对地高度低于第一预设高度阈值且无人机未放下起落架时,放下起落架,从而使得无人机在有可能触地时,可以利用起落架进行站立支撑,有效避免了硬着陆触地而造成的炸机等严重后果,进而有效提高了在飞行或降落过程中的安全性能,并可以最大限度地保护机体免于受损。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法一个实施例示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例示意图;
图4为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例示意图;
图5为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例示意图;
图6为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置一个实施例示意图;
图7为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置另一实施例示意图;
图8为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置另一实施例示意图;
图9为本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置另一实施例示意图;
图10为本发明实施例中用户设备一个实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种无人机起落架控制方法、装置、用户设备、无人机及其无人机系统,用于在无人机降落时自动释放起落架,以解决无人机在降落时起落架未放下而导致触地炸机的问题。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本发明实施例中,假设存在一无人机,该无人机可以包括机身和连接于机身的起落架。其中,起落架是无人机下部用于起飞降落或地面(水面)滑行时支撑无人机,并用于地面(水面)移动的附件装置,作为唯一一种支撑整架无人机的部件,起落架在无人机安全起降过程中担负着极其重要的使命。
现有的方案中,无人机使用者通过操控无人机遥控器,可以对无人机进行相应的飞行控制,也可以对无人机的起落架进行释放与收起操作,以在无人机降落时得到安全保护。然而,在无人机的实际飞行过程中,由于地形突变或无人机使用者的误操作等情况,可能使得无人机的起落架在未被放下的情况下,与诸如地面进行直接碰撞而发生炸机,对无人机造成严重影响,也给无人机使用者带来了经济损失,提高了飞行成本。
本发明实施例中,通过检测无人机的对地高度,可以在无人机低于安全飞行高度时自动释放脚架,以防止无人机由于误操作等情况与诸如地面发生直接碰撞,从而有效降低了无人机发生炸机的概率,减小了无人机的破坏程度,也有利于维护无人机使用者的操作体验。
可以理解的是,无人机一般包括机身、连接于机身的起落架、设置于机身的控制器以及感测元件。其中,感测元件可以用于获取无人机的对地高度,控制器可以用于控制起落架。起落架属于无人机的附件装置,是无人机的一部分, 本实施例在无人机与物体的直接碰撞中说明的无人机,主要是指无人机的机身,该机身可以包括无人机的云台、相机等其它装置,起落架与物体的直接接触可以不视为无人机与物体的直接碰撞。
为便于理解,下面对本发明实施例中的具体流程进行描述,请参阅图1,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法一个实施例包括:
101、检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值;
具体的,在无人机的飞行过程中,可以通过无人机上的感测元件如超声波传感器、摄像头、红外传感器等实时获取无人机的对地高度,也可以实时检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值。其中,对地高度可以为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度。
在实际应用中,可以预先设置第一预设高度阈值作为安全飞行高度,并可以将该安全飞行高度作为无人机是否需要自动放下起落架的分界标准。其中,该第一预设高度阈值可以基于数据统计进行设置,还可以是基于无人机使用者根据操作经验进行设置,具体此处不做限定。
本实施例中,物体可以是障碍物,如建筑物、地面纸箱等,也可以是地面,只要是能够与无人机形成垂直高度差的物体即可,具体此处不做限定。
102、若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
本实施例中,若检测无人机的对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则可以调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
具体的,由于无人机使用者的误操作或地形突变等情况,可能导致无人机的对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,那么为了保障无人机的安全,避免无人机与物体发生直接碰撞,在无人机未放下起落架时,可以自行调整无人机与物体之间的垂直高度,以使得对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值,或者维持在第一预设高度阈值,即无人机可以设置有限低动能,限低功能指无人机的起落架未放下时,无人机需要维持第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行,该限低功能的开启或关闭与无人机的起落架具有直接的联系:起落架收起时,无人机自动开启限低功能,起落架放下时,无人机自动关闭限低功能。可以理解的是,在实际应用中,无人机的限低功能的关闭也可以是非自动,只要能够保证限低 功能在起落架处于收起状态时开启即可,具体此处不做限定。
例如,假设第一预设高度阈值为0.7米,那么可以限制无人机相对物体的高度大于0.7米,则当起落架处于收起状态时,无人机的限低功能开启,无人机至少要与物体保持0.7米的对地高度,如果由于诸如地形突变检测到无人机的对地高度不大于0.7米,如对地高度由1.2米突变为0.3米,此时无人机可以自动缓慢升高至0.7米或0.7米以上的对地高度,防止机体发生意外触地。进一步的,在无人机的对地高度调整至0.7米或以上后,可以放下起落架,以在无人机的下降或地形突变等情况下减少机体的直接碰撞概率。需要说明的是,本实施例中的第一预设高度阈值除了上述说明的数值,在实际应用中,还可以是其它数值,本实施例仅为举例说明,此处不做限定。
需要说明的是,若检测无人机的对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值,那么说明此时无人机的飞行状态相对来说较为安全,则可以不进行其它操作,即结束流程,但可以继续对无人机的对地高度进行实时进行监控,以防止无人机的对地高度不满足安全高度时而起落架未放下的情况,此处不做限定。
可以理解的是,本发明实施例中在对无人机的对地高度检测之前,可以通过实时获取感测数据对无人机的对地高度进行计算,以得到对地高度,进而在对对地高度进行检测时可以得到较为准确的检测结果,下面具体进行说明:
请参阅图2,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例包括:
201、获取感测数据;
本实施例中,在无人机的飞行过程中,可以通过感测元件实时获取无人机的感测数据,对无人机相对于物体的垂直高度进行实时计算。
本实施例中,获取感测数据的具体方式可以为:
获取无人机发射超声波信号与接收超声波信号的反射信号的第一时间差;或者,
获取无人机的摄像头对物体完成对焦时的焦距;或者,
获取无人机发射雷达波(电磁波)信号与接收雷达波信号的反射信号的第二时间差。
具体的,本实施例中的感测数据即为第一时间差、焦距以及第二时间差中的一种。在实际应用中,无人机的底部可以安装有超声波装置,该超声波装置可以正面物体并朝下放置,可以包括超声波发射器和超声波接收器,通过控制 超声波发射器发出超声波信号后,可以利用超声波接收器接收超声波信号的发射信号,从而根据超声波发射器的发射时间与超声波接收器的接收时间,可以确定发射超声波信号与接收超声波信号的发射信号的第一时间差;或者,无人机的底部也可以安装有摄像头,该摄像头可以为单目摄像头或双目摄像头,摄像头可以正面物体并朝下放置,通过调用摄像头确定物体的对焦的位置时,可以获取摄像头此时的焦距;又或者,无人机的底部可以设有雷达装置,该雷达装置可以正面物体并朝下放置,可以包括雷达波发射器和雷达波接收器,通过控制雷达发射器发出雷达波信号后,可以利用雷达波接收器接收雷达波信号的发射信号,从而根据雷达波发射器的发射时间与雷达波接收器的接收时间,可以确定发射雷达波信号与接收雷达波信号的发射信号的第二时间差。
可以理解的是,本实施例仅以上述几个例子说明了获取感测数据的具体方式以及感测数据的具体形式,在实际应用中,还可以采用其它方式获取感测数据,例如,可增加TOF(time of flight)传感器等近距离测距传感器进行近距离测距,如激光雷达、红外传感器等,采用光脉冲的飞行时间进行测距,只要能够根据感测数据计算无人机的对地高度即可,具体此处不做限定。
202、根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度;
本实施例中,获取到感测数据后,可以根据感测数据计算得出无人机的对地高度。
本实施例中,沿用步骤201说明的内容,根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度的具体方式根据感测元件的不同可以为:
1、根据第一时间差和超声波信号的传输速度计算无人机的对地高度;
具体的,根据超声波发射器的发射时间与超声波接收器的接收时间,得到第一时间差后,由于超声波信号在空气中的传输速度是已知的,从而可以根据第一时间差和超声波信号的传输速度,计算得出无人机的对地高度。
2、根据焦距与物距的对应关系计算无人机的对地高度;
具体的,以单目摄像头为例进行说明,无人机中可以存储有摄像头的焦距与物距之间的对应关系,在获取摄像头对物体完成对焦时的焦距后,可以根据存储的对应关系确定焦距对应的一个物距,确定的物距即摄像头与物体的距离,从而可以根据摄像头与无人机的位置关系,以及摄像头的高度,计算得出无人机的对地高度。
可以理解的是,本实施例中,摄像头与物体之间的距离为摄像头的中心点与对物体对焦的位置之间连线的距离,那么无论对焦时选择的焦点位于物体的哪个位置,都可以得到较为准确的摄像头与物体对焦的位置之间的距离。
需要说明的是,在实际应用中,除了利用摄像头采用上述的方式计算得出无人机的对地高度之外,还可以采用其它方式,例如,可以采用摄像头对物体进行拍照,以计算得出无人机的对地高度,以双目摄像头为例进行说明,可以在摄像头的第一位置获取第一图像,并确定物体与第一图像的视野中心垂直线的第一角度,再可以在摄像头的第二位置获取第二图像,确定物体与第二图像的视野中心垂直线的第二角度,以及确定摄像头从第一位置旋转到第二位置的第三角度,最后根据第一角度、第二角度、第三角度以及摄像头的旋转半径,可以确定摄像头的第一位置到目物体的第一距离,以及确定摄像头的第二位置到物体的第二距离,从而根据第一距离、第二距离以及摄像头的高度,可以计算得出无人机的对地高度。
本实施例中,上述利用单目摄像头或双目摄像头对无人机的对地高度进行计算的方式仅为举例说明,详细部分可以参照现有技术,此处不再赘述。
3、根据第二时间差和雷达波信号的传输速度计算无人机的对地高度。
具体的,根据雷达发射器的发射时间与雷达接收器的接收时间,得到第二时间差后,由于雷达波信号在空气中的传输速度是已知的,从而可以根据第二时间差和雷达波信号的传输速度,可以计算得出无人机的对地高度。
可以理解的是,本实施例仅以上述几个例子说明了根据感测数据计算得出无人机的对地高度的具体方式,在实际应用中,还可以采用其它方式,例如,可以通过第一传感器获取无人机在第一坐标系下的移动速度,通过第二传感器获取无人机在第二坐标系下的移动速度,从而可以根据无人机在第一坐标系下的移动速度、无人机在第二坐标系下的移动速度以及第一传感器和第二传感器在垂直方向的高度差,可以确定无人机相对于物体的垂直高度,具体方式此处不做限定。
本实施例中的步骤203与图1所示实施例中的步骤101相同,此处不再赘述。
204、若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
本实施例中,若检测无人机的对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则可以调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
本实施例中,放下起落架的具体方式可以为:
在将对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值或以上的过程中放下起落架;或,
在无人机维持第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度时放下起落架;或,
若对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值以上,则在调整后的对地高度回落至第一预设高度阈值之前放下起落架。
在实际应用中,当无人机的对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值时,无人机的起落架放下方式可以有多种,例如,具体可表现为以下几种:1、假设第一预设高度阈值为0.7米,无人机的对地高度突变为0.3米,那么若无人机的对地高度需要调整为0.7米,则可以在无人机的对地高度由0.3米缓慢上升至0.7米的过程中放下起落架,若无人机的对地高度需要调整为0.9米,则可以在无人机的对地高度由0.3米缓慢上升至0.9米的过程中放下起落架;2、假设第一预设高度阈值为0.7米,无人机的对地高度突变为0.3米,那么若无人机的对地高度需要调整为0.7米,则可以在无人机的对地高度由0.3米缓慢上升至0.7米后,维持无人机的对地高度为0.7米,并可以在无人机的对地高度为0.7米时放下起落架,若无人机的对地高度需要调整为0.9米,则可以在无人机的对地高度由0.3米缓慢上升至0.9米后,维持无人机的对地高度为0.9米,并可以在无人机的对地高度为0.9米时放下起落架;3、假设第一预设高度阈值为0.7米,无人机的对地高度突变为0.3米,那么若无人机的对地高度需要调整为0.9米,则可以在无人机的对地高度由0.9米回落至0.7米之前放下起落架。
本实施例中的部分内容与图1所示实施例中的步骤102说明的内容相同,此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是,本实施例中,若检测无人机的对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值,那么说明此时无人机的飞行状态相对来说较为安全,则可以不进行其它操作,即结束流程,但可以继续对无人机的对地高度进行实时进行监控,以防止无人机的对地高度不满足安全高度时而起落架未放下的情况,此处不做限定。
可以理解的是,在实际应用中,在无人机释放起落架之前或在释放起落架 的过程中,无人机均有可能接收到下降指令,那么为了保障无人机的飞行安全,可以对无人机进行限高飞行,即自动开启无人机的限低功能,下面进行具体说明:
请参阅图3,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例包括:
本实施例中的步骤301至步骤303与图2所示实施例中的步骤201至步骤203相同,此处不再赘述。
304、在对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架时,若无人机接收到下降指令,则控制无人机维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行;
本实施例中,在检测到无人机的对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架时,若无人机接收到下降指令,则可以控制无人机维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。
具体的,为了保证无人机的安全,避免无人机与物体发生直接碰撞,无人机设有限低功能,在起落架未放下时,无人机将自动维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。在实际应用中,无人机可以由控制终端,即无人机遥控器进行相应的操控,该无人机遥控器可以设置有油门摇杆的三个档位,即中位以上、中位以及中位以下(中位即指油门摇杆位置位于整个摇杆行程的中间位置),这三个档位可以用于控制无人机在竖直方向上的运动,当油门摇杆位于中位以上时,无人机可以接收到上升指令,上升指令用于指示无人机向上运动,当油门摇杆位置位于中位时,无人机可以接收到维持当前对地高度的飞行指令,当油门摇杆位置位于中位以下时,无人机可以接收到下降指令,下降指令用于指示无人机向下运动。本实施例中,若无人机的起落架未放下,那么无人机接收到下降指令时,由于限低功能的开启,在对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值时,无人机可以不响应该下降指令,而是自动将对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值或以上的某一具体的对地高度飞行。优选的,为了较好地响应下降指令,无人机可以维持在第一预设高度阈值的对地高度飞行,
进一步的,本实施例中,在检测到无人机的对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架时,若油门摇杆位置位于中位以上,无人机可以接收到上升指令,此时无人机可以响应该上升指令而向上运动,而不会受到限低功能的影响,若油门摇杆位置位于中位,无人机可以接收到维持当前对地高 度的飞行指令,那么在当前对地高度为第一预设高度阈值或以上时,无人机可以响应该飞行指令,而在当前对地高度小于第一预设高度阈值时,无人机可以不响应该飞行指令,而是维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。
305、调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架;
本实施例中,在接收到下降指令并控制无人机维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行后,可以进一步调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
具体的,在无人机维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行时,可以在该当前维持的对地高度放下起落架,也可以另行调整当前维持的对地高度。例如,假设无人机的第一预设高度阈值为0.7米,当无人机的对地高度突变为0.3米,无人机若接收到下降指令,无人机不会响应于下降指令下降,而是由于限低功能的作用,可以由0.3米缓慢上升至0.7米或0.7米以上的对地高度,并维持在这一对地高度飞行,那么起落架可以在无人机由0.3米缓慢上升至0.7米或0.7米以上的对地高度的过程中放下起落架,也可以由无人机维持在0.7米或以上的某一具体对地高度时放下起落架,还可以是在无人机维持0.7米以上的对地高度时,继续调整对地高度,即可以从0.7米的对地高度回落至0.7米的过程中放下起落架,此处不做限定。
可以理解的是,本实施例中的步骤304与步骤305也可以同时执行,即在无人机维持第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行时,无人机可以不响应下降指令并放下起落架,但在实际应用中,当无人机处于起落架正在放下的过程中时,可以默认为起落架此时处于收起状态。
306、根据下降指令下降。
本实施例中,调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架后,可以根据下降指令下降。
具体的,当无人机的起落架放下后,可以默认为无人机此时处于较为安全的状态,起落架已经起到了保护无人机的云台或相机的作用,可以避免无人机与物体的直接碰撞,则可以自动关闭限低功能,从而当油门摇杆位置仍位于中位以下时,无人机可以根据下降指令下降。
进一步的,若油门摇杆位置仍位于中位,则无人机可以维持当前的对地高度飞行。
更进一步的,当无人机的起落架放下后,若推动油门摇杆位置至中位以上,则无人机可以向上运动,但其起落架不会由于对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值而收起,而是可以一直处于放下状态,只是无人机的限低功能关闭而已。可以理解的是,在实际应用中,无人机的起落架也可以在对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值时自动收起,此处不做限定。
需要说明的是,本实施例中,若检测无人机的对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值,那么说明此时无人机的飞行状态相对来说较为安全,则可以不进行其它操作,即结束流程,但可以继续对无人机的对地高度进行实时进行监控,以防止无人机的对地高度不满足安全高度时而起落架未放下的情况,此处不做限定。
可以理解的是,图3所示实施例的应用场景为在无人机的起落架放下之前或放下的过程中接收到下降指令,与图3所示实施例不同的是,在实际应用中,一些应用场景还可以是在无人机的起落架放下后接收到下降指令,那么由于无人机的限低功能得到关闭,无人机在接收到下降指令后可以直接响应该下降指令,下面进行具体说明:
请参阅图4,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例包括:
本实施例中的步骤401至步骤404与图2所示实施例中的步骤201至步骤204相同,此处不再赘述。
405、若无人机接收到下降指令,则控制无人机响应下降指令。
本实施例中,在调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架后,若无人机接收到下降指令,则可以控制无人机响应下降指令。
具体的,由于无人机的起落架处于放下状态,那么无人机的限低功能关闭,则当油门摇杆位置推至中位以下时,无人机可以接收到下降指令,并可以控制无人机响应下降指令,即直接下降。
需要说明的是,本实施例中,若检测无人机的对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值,那么说明此时无人机的飞行状态相对来说较为安全,则可以不进行其它操作,即结束流程,但可以继续对无人机的对地高度进行实时进行监控,以防止无人机的对地高度不满足安全高度时而起落架未放下的情况,此处不做限定。
进一步的,在无人机的起落架释放后,在无人机相对较为安全的条件下, 也可以根据实际情况收起起落架,下面进行具体说明:
请参阅图5,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制方法另一实施例包括:
本实施例中的步骤501至步骤504与图2所示实施例中的步骤201至步骤204相同,此处不再赘述。
505、获取无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态;
本实施例中,在调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架后,可以实时获取无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态。其中,飞行区域为根据无人机的速度确定,飞行区域的面积可以与无人机的速度正相关。
具体的,当无人机放下起落架后,若无人机没有与物体发生直接碰撞的可能,那么可以根据实际情况收起无人机的起落架,以减小无人机的阻力,提高无人机的续航能力,增加无人机的飞行速度,则可以先对无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态进行获取,以检测该地貌形态是否符合无人机收起起落架的情况。
可以理解的是,为了有利于对无人机是否需要收起起落架进行较为准确的判断,可以根据无人机的速度确定无人机的飞行区域,即无人机的速度越大,则确定的无人机的飞行区域的面积可以越大,该飞行区域可以是以无人机所在位置为中心的方形,也可以是以无人机所在位置为中心的圆形,还可以结合无人机的航向确定飞行区域,具体此处不做限定。
获取飞行区域的地貌形态时,无人机的飞行高度一般较高,此时可采用雷达波、RTK(Real-time kinematic,载波相位差分技术)、气压计等远距离测距的传感器来计算对地高度。
在实际应用中,无人机可以设有GPS(Global Positioning System,全球定位系统)或GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System全球导航卫星系统),通过GPS或GNSS可以定位无人机的位置信息,进而通过该位置信息可以从服务器获取无人机所在位置的地貌形态。
进一步的,位置信息可以包括但不限于无人机的纬度、经度以及海拔高度。
需要说明的是,在实际应用中,除了根据GPS或GNSS来获取飞行区域的地貌形态之外,在实际应用中,还可以采用其它方式,如利用摄像头拍摄,通过分析图像或录像的形式获取无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态,具体此处不做限定。
506、检测地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件;
本实施例中,获取无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态后,可以检测该地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件。
本实施例中,检测地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件的具体方式可以为:
若未发现地貌形态中存在大于预设密集程度且超过预设海拔阈值的等高线,则确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件;或,
当无人机位于固定空中高度飞行时,若基于地貌形态获取的对地高度的变化差异位于预设范围内,则确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件。
具体的,无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态的检测,有利于防止地形突变时,而进行无人机的起落架频繁放下或收起的动作。在实际应用中,通过对获取的地貌形态进行相应的分析,可以确定该飞行区域分布的等高线,等高线可以用来表示飞行区域的海拔特征,若获取的地貌形态中不存在大于预设密集程度且超过预设海拔阈值的等高线,那么说明飞行区域的地貌形态可能不存在地形突变的情况,则可以确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件。此外,当无人机位于固定空中高度飞行时,如无人机保持1000米的空中高度飞行,可以结合获取的地貌形态获取无人机的对地高度的变化差异,若对地高度的变化差异位于预设范围内,那么说明飞行区域的地貌形态可能不存在地形突变的情况,则可以确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件,例如,可以以第一周期基于地貌形态获取无人机的对地高度,假设相邻两次获取的对地高度分别为900千米和895千米,那么可以判断这两个对地高度之间的变化差异5米是否位于0至10米的预设范围内,若位于该预设范围内,则可以确定飞行区域的地形变化不明显,满足第一预设条件。
需要说明的是,本实施例中的预设密集程度、预设海拔阈值以及预设范围可以预先进行设置,可以根据数据统计进行设置,也可以基于无人机的操作经验进行设置,具体此处不做限定。
可以理解的是,本实施例仅以上述两个例子说明了检测地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件的具体方式,在实际应用中,还可以采用其它方式,只要能够确定地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件即可,具体此处不做限定。
507、若满足第一预设条件,则检测无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件;
本实施例中,若检测无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态满足第一预设条件,则 可以检测无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件。
本实施例中,检测无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件的具体方式可以为:
若无人机未接收到下降指令,且对地高度大于第二预设高度阈值,则确定无人机的飞行状态满足第二预设条件。
具体的,可以预先设置第二预设高度阈值,该第二预设高度阈值可以与第一预设高度阈值相同,也可以大于第一预设高度阈值,以确保无人机的安全。本实施例中,在无人机的地貌形态满足第一预设条件后,若油门摇杆位置位于中位或中位以上,则可以视为无人机未接收到下降指令,那么可以进一步获取无人机的对地高度,并可以在对地高度大于第二预设高度阈值时,确定无人机在当前的飞行状态下可以不用放下起落架,进而认为无人机的飞行状态满足第二预设条件。
可以理解的是,本实施例中的第二预设高度阈值可以基于数据统计进行设置,还可以是基于无人机使用者根据操作经验进行设置,具体此处不做限定。
508、若满足第二预设条件,则收起起落架。
本实施例中,若检测无人机的飞行状态满足第二预设条件,则可以收起起落架。
具体的,若无人机的地貌形态满足第一预设条件,且无人机的飞行状态满足第二条件,则可以预计无人机所在的飞行区域可能不存在地形突变的情况,无人机此时也不需要进行下降,那么可以排除无人机与物体直接接触的危险,可以收起无人机的起落架,以减小无人机的飞行阻力。
需要说明的是,本实施例中,若检测无人机的对地高度大于第一预设高度阈值,那么说明此时无人机的飞行状态相对来说较为安全,则可以不进行其它操作,即结束流程,但可以继续对无人机的对地高度进行实时进行监控,以防止无人机的对地高度不满足安全高度时而起落架未放下的情况,此处不做限定。
进一步的,本实施例中,若检测无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态不满足第一预设条件,那么可以默认无人机的对地高度可能随时处于不满足安全高度的情况,则可以不执行其它操作,以使得保持无人机的起落架的放下状态,但仍可以对无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态进行检测,此处不做限定。
更进一步的,本实施例中,若检测无人机的飞行状态不满足第二预设条件,那么可以默认为无人机可能处于下降过程中,或无人机的对地高度可能处于不满足安全高度的情况,则可以不执行其它操作,以使得继续保持无人机的起落架的放下状态,但仍可以对无人机的飞行状态进行检测,具体此处不做限定。
上面对本发明实施例中的无人机起落架控制方法进行了描述,下面对本发明实施例中的无人机起落架控制装置进行描述,请参阅图6,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置一个实施例包括:
第一检测模块601,用于检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
调整模块602,用于当对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架时,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上;
放下模块603,用于放下起落架。
请参阅图7,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置另一实施例包括:
第一获取模块701,用于获取感测数据;
计算模块702,用于根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度;
本实施例中的模块703与图6所示实施例中的模块601相同,模块704与图6所示实施例中的模块602相同,705与图6所示实施例中的模块603相同,此处不再赘述。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,第一获取模块701,可以进一步具体用于:
获取无人机发射超声波信号与接收超声波信号的反射信号的第一时间差;
其中,计算模块702,可以进一步具体用于:
根据第一时间差和超声波信号的传输速度计算无人机的对地高度。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,第一获取模块701,可以进一步具体用于:
获取无人机的摄像头对物体完成对焦时的焦距;
其中,计算模块702,可以进一步具体用于:
根据焦距与物距的对应关系计算无人机的对地高度。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,第一获取模块701,可以进一步具体用于:
获取无人机发射雷达波信号与接收雷达波信号的反射信号的第二时间差;
其中,计算模块702,可以进一步具体用于:
根据第二时间差和雷达波信号的传输速度计算无人机的对地高度。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,放下模块705,可以进一步具体用于:
在对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值或以上的过程中放下起落架;或,
在无人机维持第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度时放下起落架;或,
若对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值以上,则在调整后的对地高度回落至第一预设高度阈值之前放下起落架。
请参阅图8,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置另一实施例包括:
本实施例中的模块801与图7所示实施例中的模块701相同,模块802与图7所示实施例中的模块702相同,803与图7所示实施例中的模块703相同,模块804与图7所示实施例中的模块704相同,805与图7所示实施例中的模块705相同,此处不再赘述。
进一步的,在模块805执行相应的动作之前,控制模块806,用于当无人机接收到下降指令时,则控制无人机维持第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。
下降模块807,在无人机的起落架放下后,可以用于根据下降指令下降。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,在模块805执行相应的动作之后,控制模块806,还可以进一步用于当无人机接收到下降指令时,则控制无人机响应下降指令。
请参阅图9,本发明实施例中无人机起落架控制装置另一实施例包括:
本实施例中的模块901与图7所示实施例中的模块701相同,模块902与图7所示实施例中的模块702相同,903与图7所示实施例中的模块703相同,模块904与图7所示实施例中的模块704相同,905与图7所示实施例中的模块705相同,此处不再赘述。
第二获取模块906,用于获取无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态,飞行区域为根据无人机的速度确定,飞行区域的面积与速度正相关;
第二检测模块907,用于检测地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件;
第三检测模块908,用于当地貌形态满足第一预设条件时,则检测无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件;
收起模块909,用于当无人机的飞行状态满足第二预设条件时,则收起起落架。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,第二检测模块907,可以进一步具体用于:
若未发现地貌形态中存在大于预设密集程度且超过预设海拔阈值的等高线,则确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件;或,
当无人机位于固定空中高度飞行时,若基于地貌形态获取的对地高度的变化差异位于预设范围内,则确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施例中,第三检测模块908,可以进一步具体用于:
若无人机未接收到下降指令,且对地高度大于第二预设高度阈值,则确定无人机的飞行状态满足第二预设条件。
上面从模块化功能实体的角度对本发明实施例中的无人机起落架控制装置进行描述,下面从硬件处理的角度对本发明实施例中的用户设备进行描述,请参阅图10,本发明实施例中的用户设备另一实施例包括:
处理器1001以及存储器1002;
存储器1002用于存储指令,处理器1001用于执行存储指令,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备执行如下功能:
检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,对地高度为无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
若对地高度不大于第一预设高度阈值,且无人机未放下起落架,则调整对地高度至第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下起落架。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
获取感测数据;
根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
获取无人机发射超声波信号与接收超声波信号的反射信号的第一时间差;
根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度包括:
根据第一时间差和超声波信号的传输速度计算无人机的对地高度。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
获取无人机的摄像头对物体完成对焦时的焦距;
根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度包括:
根据焦距与物距的对应关系计算无人机的对地高度。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
获取无人机发射雷达波信号与接收雷达波信号的反射信号的第二时间差;
根据感测数据,计算得出无人机的对地高度包括:
根据第二时间差和雷达波信号的传输速度计算无人机的对地高度。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
在将对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值或以上的过程中放下起落架;或,
在无人机维持第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度时放下起落架;或,
若对地高度调整至第一预设高度阈值以上,则在调整后的对地高度回落至第一预设高度阈值之前放下起落架。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
若无人机接收到下降指令,则控制无人机维持在第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
根据下降指令下降。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
若无人机接收到下降指令,则控制无人机响应下降指令。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
获取无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态,飞行区域为根据无人机的速度确定, 飞行区域的面积与无人机的速度正相关;
检测地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件;
若满足第一预设条件,则检测无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件;
若满足第二预设条件,则收起起落架。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
若未发现地貌形态中存在大于预设密集程度且超过预设海拔阈值的等高线,则确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件;或,
当无人机位于固定空中高度飞行时,若基于地貌形态获取的对地高度的变化差异位于预设范围内,则确定地貌形态满足第一预设条件。
在本发明的一些实施例中,存储指令在被处理器1001执行时,使用户设备还执行如下功能:
若无人机未接收到下降指令,且对地高度大于第二预设高度阈值,则确定无人机的飞行状态满足第二预设条件。
可以理解,所述用户设备可以为无人机,其包括机身、连接于机身的起落架、设置于机身的控制器以及感测元件。该感测元件用于感测无人机的对地高度,控制器则用于执行如上处理器1001所执行的步骤。控制器可以为飞行控制器。
可以理解,本发明还涉及一种无人机系统,包括控制终端以及与控制终端可通信的如上的无人机,控制终端用于发送控制指令至无人机,无人机包括控制器、机身、感测元件以及起落架,控制器根据接收到的控制指令控制起落架。控制终端可以为无人机的遥控器、带有控制系统的平板电脑、手机、控制手环等设备。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的系统,装置和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的系统,装置和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或 一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,包括:
    检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,所述对地高度为所述无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
    若所述对地高度不大于所述第一预设高度阈值,且所述无人机未放下起落架,则调整所述对地高度至所述第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下所述起落架。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,在所述检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值之前,所述方法还包括:
    获取感测数据;
    根据所述感测数据,计算得出所述无人机的对地高度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述获取感测数据包括:
    获取所述无人机发射超声波信号与接收所述超声波信号的反射信号的第一时间差;
    所述根据所述感测数据,计算得出所述无人机的对地高度包括:
    根据所述第一时间差和所述超声波信号的传输速度计算所述无人机的对地高度。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述获取感测数据包括:
    获取所述无人机的摄像头对所述物体完成对焦时的焦距;
    所述根据所述感测数据,计算得出所述无人机的对地高度包括:
    根据所述焦距与物距的对应关系计算所述无人机的对地高度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述摄像头为单目摄像头或双目摄像头。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述获取感测数据包括:
    获取所述无人机发射雷达波信号与接收所述雷达波信号的反射信号的第二时间差;
    所述根据所述感测数据,计算得出所述无人机的对地高度包括:
    根据所述第二时间差和所述雷达波信号的传输速度计算所述无人机的对地高度。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述放下所述起落架包括:
    在将所述对地高度调整至所述第一预设高度阈值或以上的过程中放下所述起落架;或,
    在所述无人机维持所述第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度时放下所述起落架;或,
    若所述对地高度调整至所述第一预设高度阈值以上,则在调整后的对地高度回落至所述第一预设高度阈值之前放下所述起落架。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,在所述放下所述起落架之前,所述方法还包括:
    若所述无人机接收到下降指令,则控制所述无人机维持在所述第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,在放下所述起落架之后,所述方法还包括:
    根据所述下降指令下降。
  10. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,在所述调整所述对地高度至所述第一预设高度阈值或以上,并放下所述起落架之后,所述方法还包括:
    若所述无人机接收到所述下降指令,则控制所述无人机响应所述下降指令。
  11. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    获取所述无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态,所述飞行区域为根据所述无人机的速度确定,所述飞行区域的面积与所述无人机的速度正相关;
    检测所述地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件;
    若满足所述第一预设条件,则检测所述无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件;
    若满足所述第二预设条件,则收起所述起落架。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述检测所述地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件包括:
    若未发现所述地貌形态中存在大于预设密集程度且超过预设海拔阈值的等高线,则确定所述地貌形态满足所述第一预设条件;或,
    当所述无人机位于固定空中高度飞行时,若基于所述地貌形态获取的所述对地高度的变化差异位于预设范围内,则确定所述地貌形态满足所述第一预设条件。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的无人机起落架控制方法,其特征在于,所述检测所述无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件包括:
    若所述无人机未接收到所述下降指令,且所述对地高度大于第二预设高度阈值,则确定所述无人机的飞行状态满足所述第二预设条件。
  14. 一种无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,包括:
    第一检测模块,用于检测无人机的对地高度是否大于第一预设高度阈值,所述对地高度为所述无人机相对于物体的垂直高度;
    调整模块,用于当所述对地高度不大于所述第一预设高度阈值,且所述无人机未放下起落架时,则调整所述对地高度至所述第一预设高度阈值或以上;
    放下模块,用于放下所述起落架。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:
    第一获取模块,用于获取感测数据;
    计算模块,用于根据所述感测数据,计算得出所述无人机的对地高度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述第一获取模块,具体用于:
    获取所述无人机发射超声波信号与接收所述超声波信号的反射信号的第一时间差;
    所述计算模块,具体用于:
    根据所述第一时间差和所述超声波信号的传输速度计算所述无人机的对地高度。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述第一获取模块,具体用于:
    获取所述无人机的摄像头对所述物体完成对焦时的焦距;
    所述计算模块,具体用于:
    根据所述焦距与物距的对应关系计算所述无人机的对地高度。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述摄像头为单目摄像头或双目摄像头。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述第一获取模块,具体用于:
    获取所述无人机发射雷达波信号与接收所述雷达波信号的反射信号的第二时间差;
    所述计算模块,具体用于:
    根据所述第二时间差和所述雷达波信号的传输速度计算所述无人机的对地高度。
  20. 根据权利要求14至19中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述放下模块,具体用于:
    在所述对地高度调整至所述第一预设高度阈值或以上的过程中放下所述起落架;或,
    在所述无人机维持所述第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度时放下所述起落架;或,
    若所述对地高度调整至所述第一预设高度阈值以上,则在调整后的对地高度回落至所述第一预设高度阈值之前放下所述起落架。
  21. 根据权利要求14至19中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:
    控制模块,用于当所述无人机接收到下降指令时,则控制所述无人机维持所述第一预设高度阈值或以上的对地高度飞行。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:
    下降模块,用于根据所述下降指令下降。
  23. 根据权利要求14至19中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:
    所述控制模块,还用于当所述无人机接收到所述下降指令时,则控制所述 无人机响应所述下降指令。
  24. 根据权利要求14至19中任一项所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:
    第二获取模块,用于获取所述无人机的飞行区域的地貌形态,所述飞行区域为根据所述无人机的速度确定,所述飞行区域的面积与所述速度正相关;
    第二检测模块,用于检测所述地貌形态是否满足第一预设条件;
    第三检测模块,用于当所述地貌形态满足所述第一预设条件时,则检测所述无人机的飞行状态是否满足第二预设条件;
    收起模块,用于当所述无人机的飞行状态满足所述第二预设条件时,则收起所述起落架。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述第一检测模块,具体用于:
    若未发现所述地貌形态中存在大于预设密集程度且超过预设海拔阈值的等高线,则确定所述地貌形态满足所述第一预设条件;或,
    当所述无人机位于固定空中高度飞行时,若基于所述地貌形态获取的所述对地高度的变化差异位于预设范围内,则确定所述地貌形态满足所述第一预设条件。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的无人机起落架控制装置,其特征在于,所述第二检测模块,具体用于:
    若所述无人机未接收到所述下降指令,且所述对地高度大于第二预设高度阈值,则确定所述无人机的飞行状态满足所述第二预设条件。
  27. 一种用户设备,其特征在于,包括:
    处理器以及存储器;
    所述存储器用于存储指令,所述处理器用于执行所述存储指令,所述存储指令在被所述处理器执行时,使所述用户设备执行如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种无人机,包括机身、连接于机身的起落架、设置于所述机身的控制器以及感测元件,其特征在于,所述感测元件用于感测所述无人机的对地高度,所述控制器根据所述对地高度执行如权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法以控制所述起落架。
  29. 一种无人机系统,其特征在于,包括:控制终端以及与所述控制终端可通信的如权利要求28所述的无人机,所述控制终端用于发送控制指令至所述无人机,所述无人机包括控制器、机身、感测元件以及起落架,所述控制器根据接收到的控制指令控制所述起落架。
PCT/CN2017/071711 2017-01-19 2017-01-19 无人机起落架控制方法、装置、无人机及其系统 WO2018133006A1 (zh)

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