WO2018127239A1 - 随机接入方法及终端 - Google Patents

随机接入方法及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018127239A1
WO2018127239A1 PCT/CN2018/076480 CN2018076480W WO2018127239A1 WO 2018127239 A1 WO2018127239 A1 WO 2018127239A1 CN 2018076480 W CN2018076480 W CN 2018076480W WO 2018127239 A1 WO2018127239 A1 WO 2018127239A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
random access
access mechanism
frequency resource
time
terminal
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PCT/CN2018/076480
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任斌
艾托尼
潘学明
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China Academy of Telecommunications Technology CATT
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China Academy of Telecommunications Technology CATT
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Priority to US16/476,044 priority Critical patent/US11178697B2/en
Publication of WO2018127239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018127239A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/508,764 priority patent/US11895709B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0836—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with 2-step access

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a random access method and a terminal.
  • the Long Term Evolutionary (LTE) protocol uses a four-step random access mechanism. As shown in Figure 1, the main implementation process of the four-step random access mechanism is as follows:
  • Step 11 The terminal sends a random access preamble (Msg1 message) to the base station;
  • Step 12 The base station feeds back a random access response (RAR, Msg2 message) to the terminal;
  • RAR random access response
  • Step 13 The terminal sends a scheduled transmission message (Scheduled Transmission (Msg3 message), where the Msg3 message includes layer 2/layer 3 (L2/L3) random access information;
  • step 14 the base station sends a Contention Resolution (Msg4 message) to the terminal.
  • Msg4 message Contention Resolution
  • the uplink multi-beam physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission has a large control plane delay.
  • the problem is that the low latency performance metrics defined for the Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) scenario cannot be met.
  • URLLC Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications
  • NR is currently discussing a two-step random access mechanism. As shown in Figure 2, the main implementation process of the two-step random access mechanism is as follows:
  • Step 21 The terminal sends a random access preamble and data (Random Access Preamble+Data, that is, an Msg1 message) to the base station, where the Msg1 message includes identifier information (ie, UE ID) of the terminal, a small data packet, and the like;
  • a random access preamble and data that is, an Msg1 message
  • Step 22 The base station feeds back a random access response (RAR, Msg2 message) to the terminal.
  • RAR random access response
  • the difference between the two-step random access mechanism of the NR and the four-step random access mechanism of the LTE is that the Msg1 simultaneously transmits the preamble and data of the random access, wherein the content of the data bearer corresponds to the four-step random access.
  • the content of Msg3 in the mechanism is that the Msg1 simultaneously transmits the preamble and data of the random access, wherein the content of the data bearer corresponds to the four-step random access.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a random access method and a terminal, which are used to solve the problem that the related 5G NR has not defined how to use two different random access mechanisms, and cannot effectively solve the control plane processing delay and data plane.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a random access method, including:
  • the random access mechanism configuration information includes: a random access type and random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type, where the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and/or a second random access mechanism; and performing a random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism according to the random access mechanism configuration information .
  • the random access time-frequency resource information includes at least one of a random access time-frequency resource at a cell level and a random access time-frequency resource at a user level.
  • the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and a second random access mechanism
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type is a cell-level random access time-frequency
  • the step of performing the random access process of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism according to the configuration information of the random access mechanism is specifically: determining, according to the service requirement of the terminal, that the terminal performs random access
  • the random access mechanism used by the incoming time is a first random access mechanism or a second random access mechanism, and performs random access of the selected first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism.
  • the service requirement includes: a delay requirement of the service and/or a reliability requirement of the service; or randomly determining, as the terminal, the first random access mechanism and the second random access mechanism
  • the random access mechanism used in random access is performed, and a random access procedure is performed.
  • the performing the first random according to the random access mechanism configuration information is specifically: triggering, by using a preset preamble, on the random access time-frequency resource specified in the random access mechanism configuration information. a random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the first random access mechanism and the second random access mechanism is configured on the same or different sub-bands.
  • the preamble and the data of the second random access mechanism are configured in a time division multiplexing manner or a frequency division multiplexing manner.
  • the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and a second random access mechanism
  • the preamble and data of the second random access mechanism are configured by using frequency division multiplexing
  • the The random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to a random access mechanism and the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the second random access mechanism are configured by using the same sub-band and time slot.
  • the random access mechanism configuration information further includes a preamble allocated for the random access type, where the preset random access preamble is divided into a first set and a second set, and the first set Corresponding to the first random access mechanism, the second set corresponds to the second random access mechanism.
  • the step of receiving the random access mechanism configuration information sent by the base station includes: receiving the random access mechanism configuration information notified by the base station by using a downlink broadcast channel or downlink dedicated control signaling.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a terminal, including: a receiving module, configured to receive random access mechanism configuration information sent by a base station, where the random access mechanism configuration information includes: a random access type and Random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type, the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and/or a second random access mechanism; and an execution module, configured to perform, according to the random access
  • the mechanism configuration information is used to perform a random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information includes at least one of a random access time-frequency resource at a cell level and a random access time-frequency resource at a user level.
  • the execution module is configured to: determine, according to the service requirement of the terminal, the random access mechanism used by the terminal to perform random access as the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism, and perform the selected a random access process of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism, where the service requirement includes: a delay requirement of the service and/or a reliability requirement of the service; or
  • the executing module is configured to: specify in the random access mechanism configuration information The random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism is triggered by using a preset preamble on the random access time-frequency resource.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the first random access mechanism and the second random access mechanism is configured on the same or different sub-bands.
  • the preamble and the data of the second random access mechanism are configured in a time division multiplexing manner or a frequency division multiplexing manner.
  • the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and a second random access mechanism
  • the preamble and data of the second random access mechanism are configured by using frequency division multiplexing
  • the The random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to a random access mechanism and the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the second random access mechanism are configured by using the same sub-band and time slot.
  • the random access mechanism configuration information further includes a preamble allocated for the random access type, where the preset random access preamble is divided into a first set and a second set, and the first The set corresponds to the first random access mechanism, and the second set corresponds to the second random access mechanism.
  • the receiving module is configured to: receive, by the base station, random access mechanism configuration information that is notified by using a downlink broadcast channel or downlink dedicated control signaling.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a terminal, including: a processor, a memory coupled to the processor via a bus interface, and configured to store a computer used by the processor when performing an operation The instructions and data, wherein the computer instructions, when invoked and executed by the processor, implement the method of the first aspect above.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a non-volatile storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions and data, wherein the computer instructions are The method according to the first aspect above is implemented when invoked and executed.
  • the terminal obtains the random access mechanism configuration information configured by the base station, and then performs a random access procedure according to the configuration information, so that the terminal can perform a random access mechanism according to the service situation of the terminal.
  • the choice solves the problem of control plane processing delay, high data plane collision probability and low utilization of some data resources, and improves the reliability of random access.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a communication process of a four-step random access mechanism
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a communication process of a two-step random access mechanism
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a random access method of some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration manner of a four-step random access mechanism and a two-step random access mechanism on a sub-band;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration manner of a four-step random access mechanism and a two-step random access mechanism on a sub-band;
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a terminal of some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terminal of some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the disclosure does not define how to use two different random access mechanisms in the related 5G NR, and cannot effectively solve the problem that the control plane processing delay, the data plane collision probability is high, and the partial data resource utilization rate is low. Random access method and terminal.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a random access method, including steps 31-32.
  • Step 31 Receive random access mechanism configuration information sent by the base station, where the random access mechanism configuration information includes: a random access type and random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type, where the random access The incoming type includes a first random access mechanism and/or a second random access mechanism.
  • the base station needs to perform the configuration of the random access mechanism configuration information in advance, and then sends the configured information to the terminal, where the random access mechanism configuration information may include the first random access mechanism and The random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the first random access mechanism (that is, the location of the time-frequency resource used when the terminal transmits the information when the terminal uses the first random access mechanism for random access), the random The access mechanism configuration information may include a second random access mechanism and random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the second random access mechanism (that is, when the terminal uses the second random access mechanism for random access, The location of the time-frequency resource used for transmitting the information); the related random access mechanism includes a four-step random access mechanism and a two-step random access mechanism, and correspondingly, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first random The access mechanism represents a four-step random access mechanism, and the second random access mechanism represents a two-step random access mechanism.
  • Step 32 Perform a random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism according to the random access mechanism configuration information.
  • the base station may perform the configuration of the random access mechanism configuration by using the downlink broadcast channel or the downlink dedicated control signaling. Accordingly, the terminal may receive the downlink broadcast channel or the downlink dedicated control signaling according to the sending situation of the base station. Random access mechanism configuration information.
  • the base station can configure only a four-step random access mechanism for the terminal, or configure a two-step random access mechanism for the terminal.
  • the base station can also configure two random access mechanisms for the terminal, and the terminal decides which to use.
  • a random access mechanism performs a random access procedure.
  • the terminal must use the preamble to perform the random access procedure.
  • the terminal uses the preamble agreed with the base station to perform random access.
  • the terminal randomly selects a preamble in the preamble set sent by the base station to perform random access.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information includes at least one of a random access time-frequency resource at a cell level and a random access time-frequency resource at a user level.
  • the cell-level random access time-frequency resource means that all users (ie, terminals) in a cell can randomly select a preamble on a given preamble set and send random access information on a given time-frequency resource.
  • the user-level random access time-frequency resource refers to a base station that configures a fixed random access preamble and time-frequency resource for each user. If the base station configures the cell-level random access time-frequency resource, the base station performs traversal search detection on all candidate preambles on the random access time-frequency resource; if the base station configures the user-level random access time-frequency resource, The base station performs fixed detection on the configured random access time-frequency resource and the preamble.
  • step 31 when the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and a second random access mechanism, and the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type is a cell-level random access time-frequency
  • the implementation of step 31 is as follows:
  • the first method is to determine, according to the service requirement of the terminal, the random access mechanism used by the terminal to perform random access, the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism, and perform the selected first random access. a random access procedure of the mechanism or the second random access mechanism;
  • the service requirements mainly include: the delay requirement of the service and/or the reliability requirement of the service.
  • the delay requirement of the service is high, the two-step random access mechanism is used for random access. Otherwise, the four-step random access mechanism is used for random access.
  • the two-step random access mechanism is preferentially used for random access.
  • the four-step random access mechanism is used for random access. Access: When the reliability requirement of the service is high, the four-step random access mechanism is used for random access. Otherwise, the two-step random access mechanism is used for random access.
  • Manner 2 randomly determine, in the first random access mechanism and the second random access mechanism, a random access mechanism used when the terminal performs random access, and perform a random access procedure.
  • the random access mechanism adopted by the terminal is not limited, and the terminal may select any random access mechanism for random access.
  • step 31 when the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type is a user-level random access time-frequency resource, the implementation manner of step 31 is:
  • the random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism is triggered by using a preset preamble on the random access time-frequency resource specified in the random access mechanism configuration information.
  • the terminal since the user-level random access time-frequency resource is specified by the base station for the terminal, the terminal must perform random access on the time-frequency resource, so the terminal needs to comply with the use of the time-frequency resource according to the indication of the base station. In the case of the condition, the random access mechanism corresponding to the specified time-frequency resource is used for random access.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the first random access mechanism and the second random access is configured on the same or different sub-bands; and when the base station configures the two-step random access mechanism for the terminal, the preamble and data of the two-step random access mechanism may be adopted.
  • the Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) method can also be configured by Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM).
  • the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and a second random access mechanism
  • the preamble and data of the second random access mechanism are configured by using frequency division multiplexing.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the first random access mechanism and the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the second random access mechanism are configured by using the same sub-band and time slot;
  • the random access mechanism configuration information further includes a preamble allocated for the random access type, where the preset random access preamble is divided into a first set and a second set, and the first set and the first Corresponding to the random access mechanism, the second set corresponds to the second random access mechanism.
  • the preamble set for the random access used by the terminal is preset in the base station.
  • the preamble set can be divided into two parts, and the part is allocated to two steps.
  • the random access mechanism is used, and the other part is allocated to the four-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station configures two random access mechanisms by using different sub-bands, and configures cell-level random access time-frequency resources for the two-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station configures a random access time-frequency resource of a four-step random access mechanism on subband 1 (Subband 1), and configures an uplink region (UL region) of one slot (slot) of subband 1
  • the transmission position of the preamble of the four-step random access mechanism, the random access time-frequency resource of the two-step random access mechanism is configured on the sub-band 2 (Subband 2), and the uplink area of one slot of the sub-band 2 (UL) Region) configures the preamble of the two-step random access mechanism and the transmission location of the data.
  • the TDM mode is adopted between the preamble and the data part of the two-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station configures a cell-level random access time-frequency resource, and the base station performs traversal search detection on the preamble and the time-frequency resource corresponding to the random access mechanism to determine whether there is User transfer.
  • the terminal determines the random access mechanism to be used according to the service requirement, for example, according to the delay requirement of the service. For example, when the terminal has an uplink URLLC service to be sent, the terminal selects a two-step random access mechanism. Otherwise, the terminal selects four steps. Random access mechanism; when the reliability requirement of the service is high, the four-step random access mechanism is used for random access; otherwise, the two-step random access mechanism is used for random access. .
  • the base station configures two random access mechanisms by using different sub-bands, and configures user-level random access time-frequency resources for the two-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station configures a random access time-frequency resource of a four-step random access mechanism on subband 1 (Subband 1), and an uplink region (UL region) of one slot of subband 1 Configuring a transmission position of a preamble of the four-step random access mechanism, and configuring a random access time-frequency resource of the two-step random access mechanism on the subband 2 (Subband 2), in an uplink region of one slot of the subband 2 ( UL region) configures the preamble of the two-step random access mechanism and the transmission location of the data.
  • the base station configures a random access time-frequency resource based on the user level. The base station performs fixed detection on the preamble and the time-frequency resource corresponding to the random access.
  • the terminal is in the corresponding random access time-frequency resource, adopts a given preamble, and triggers a corresponding random access mechanism in all states (including the idle state, the connected state, and the inactive state).
  • the base station configures two random access mechanisms by using the same sub-band, and configures cell-level random access time-frequency resources for the two-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station simultaneously configures a two-step random access mechanism and a four-step random access mechanism for random access time-frequency resources on subband 1 (Subband 1), that is, a two-step random access mechanism and four-step random access mechanism.
  • the access mechanism uses the same time slot and subband.
  • the FDM mode is adopted between the preamble and the data part of the two-step random access mechanism. It is assumed that the random access preamble set contains 64 preambles and is divided into two sub-sets, each of which includes 32 preambles, which are respectively used for the two-step random access mechanism and the four-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station configures the random access time-frequency resource based on the cell level. At this time, the base station performs traversal search detection on the time-frequency resource corresponding to the preamble and the random access mechanism to determine Is there a user transfer?
  • the terminal can randomly select the random access mechanism used according to the configuration of the base station.
  • the base station configures two random access mechanisms by using the same sub-band, and configures user-level random access time-frequency resources for the two-step random access mechanism.
  • the base station simultaneously configures a two-step random access mechanism and a four-step random access mechanism for random access time-frequency resources on subband 1 (Subband 1), that is, a two-step random access mechanism and four-step random access mechanism.
  • the access mechanism uses the same time slot and subband.
  • the FDM mode is adopted between the preamble and the data part of the two-step random access mechanism.
  • the random access preamble set contains 64 preambles and is divided into two sub-sets, including a subset of preambles and a subset of 63 preambles, respectively for two-step random access mechanism and four-step random access. Access mechanism.
  • the base station equivalently configures the random access time-frequency resource based on the user level (that is, each user uses a preamble fixedly), and the base station pairs the two.
  • the random access time-frequency resource of the random access mechanism performs fixed detection on the time-frequency resource corresponding to the preamble and the random access mechanism; and on the random access time-frequency resource of the four-step random access mechanism, on the preamble
  • the time-frequency resource corresponding to the random access mechanism performs traversal search detection.
  • the terminal can randomly select the random access mechanism used according to the configuration of the base station.
  • the present disclosure can effectively reduce the problem that the control plane processing delay of the traditional four-step random access exists is large, and avoid the collision probability of the data part in the two-step random access mechanism and waste some data.
  • the terminal obtains the configuration information of the random access mechanism configured by the base station, and then performs the random access process according to the configuration information, so that the terminal can select the random access mechanism according to the service condition of the terminal, and improve the randomness. Access reliability.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a terminal 60, including: a receiving module 61, configured to receive random access mechanism configuration information sent by a base station, where the random access mechanism configuration information includes: random access a type and random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type, the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and/or a second random access mechanism; and an execution module 62, configured to The random access mechanism configuration information is used to perform a random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information includes at least one of a random access time-frequency resource at a cell level and a random access time-frequency resource at a user level.
  • the executing module 62 is configured to: determine, according to the service requirement of the terminal, the random access mechanism used by the terminal to perform random access as the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism, and perform the selected The first random access mechanism or the random access procedure of the second random access mechanism, where the service requirement includes: a delay requirement of a service and/or a reliability requirement of a service; or The first random access mechanism and the second random access mechanism randomly determine a random access mechanism used when the terminal performs random access, and perform a random access procedure.
  • the executing module 62 is configured to: in the random access mechanism configuration information The random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism is triggered by using a preset preamble on the specified random access time-frequency resource.
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the first random access mechanism and the second random access mechanism is configured on the same or different sub-bands.
  • the preamble and the data of the second random access mechanism are configured in a time division multiplexing manner or a frequency division multiplexing manner.
  • the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and a second random access mechanism
  • the preamble and data of the second random access mechanism are configured in a frequency division multiplexing manner
  • the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to a random access mechanism and the random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the second random access mechanism are configured by using the same sub-band and time slot.
  • the random access mechanism configuration information further includes a preamble allocated for the random access type, where the preset random access preamble is divided into a first set and a second set, and the first The set corresponds to the first random access mechanism, and the second set corresponds to the second random access mechanism.
  • the receiving module 61 is configured to: receive, by the base station, random access mechanism configuration information that is notified by using a downlink broadcast channel or downlink dedicated control signaling.
  • the embodiment of the terminal is a terminal corresponding to the foregoing method embodiment. All the implementation manners in the foregoing method embodiments are applicable to the embodiment of the terminal, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a terminal including a processor 71 and a memory 73 connected to the processor 71 via a bus interface 72, wherein the memory 73 is configured to store the processor
  • the program and data used in performing the operation when the processor 71 calls and executes the program and data stored in the memory 73, the following process is performed: receiving the random access mechanism configuration information transmitted by the base station through the transceiver 74
  • the random access mechanism configuration information includes: a random access type and random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type, where the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and/or a a second random access mechanism; and performing a random access procedure of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism according to the random access mechanism configuration information.
  • the transceiver 74 is connected to the bus interface 72 for receiving random access mechanism configuration information under the control of the processor 71.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 71 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 73.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 74 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a transceiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the user interface 75 may also be an interface capable of externally connecting the required devices, including but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
  • the processor 71 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 73 can store data used by the processor 71 in performing operations.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种随机接入方法及终端。该随机接入方法，包括：接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及根据随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。

Description

随机接入方法及终端
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2017年1月6日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201710010893.1的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种随机接入方法及终端。
背景技术
相关长期演进(Long Term Evolutionary，LTE)协议采用四步骤的随机接入机制。如图1所示，四步骤的随机接入机制的主要实现过程为：
步骤11，终端发送随机接入前导码(Random Access Preamble，即Msg1消息)给基站；
步骤12，基站反馈随机接入响应(Random Access Response，RAR，即Msg2消息)给终端；
步骤13，终端发送基于调度的传输消息(Scheduled Transmission，即Msg3消息)，该Msg3消息中包含层2/层3(L2/L3)随机接入信息；以及
步骤14，基站发送竞争解决消息(Contention Resolution，即Msg4消息)给终端。
在第5代移动通信系统(5G)新空口(New Radio，NR)中，上行多波束(multi-beam)物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)传输存在控制面时延较大的问题，无法满足针对低时延高可靠(Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications，URLLC)场景定义的低时延的性能指标。为了有效降低控制面处理时延的处理方法，NR目前正在讨论两步骤的随机接入机制。如图2所示，两步骤的随机接入机制的主要实现过程为：
步骤21，终端发送随机接入前导码以及数据(Random Access Preamble+Data，即Msg1消息)给基站，该Msg1消息中包括终端的标识信息(即UE ID)、小数据包等；
步骤22，基站反馈随机接入响应(Random Access Response，RAR，即Msg2消息)给终端。
需要说明的是，NR的两步骤随机接入机制与LTE的四步骤随机接入机制的差异在于Msg1同时发送了随机接入的前导码和数据，其中，数据承载的内容对应于四步骤随机接入机制中的Msg3的内容。
5G NR中尚未定义如何配置两种不同的随机接入机制，以及用户终端(User Equipment，UE)的处理方法。如果完全采用四步骤随机接入机制，会存在控制面处理时延较大的问题；如果完全采用两步骤随机接入机制，会存在数据部分碰撞概率较高以及部分数据资源利用率偏低的问题。
发明内容
本公开要解决的技术问题是提供一种随机接入方法及终端，用以解决相关的5G NR中尚未定义如何使用两种不同的随机接入机制，无法有效解决控制面处理时延、数据面碰撞概率较高以及部分数据资源利用率偏低的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，在第一方面，本公开的一些实施例提供一种随机接入方法，包括：
接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
进一步地，所述随机接入时频资源信息包括：小区级的随机接入时频资源和用户级的随机接入时频资源中的至少一种。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制且与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为小区级的随机接入时频资源时，所述根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程的步骤具体为：根据终端的业务需求，确定终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制为第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制，并执行所选择的所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入 机制的随机接入过程，其中，所述业务需求包括：业务的时延需求和/或业务的可靠性需求；或者在所述第一随机接入机制和所述第二随机接入机制中随机确定一种作为终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制，并进行随机接入过程。
进一步地，当与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为用户级的随机接入时频资源时，所述根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程的步骤具体为：在所述随机接入机制配置信息中指定的随机接入时频资源上，采用预设前导码触发所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息配置在相同或不同的子带上。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第二随机接入机制时，所述第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用时分复用方式或频分复用方式进行配置。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制，且第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用频分复用方式进行配置时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息采用相同的子带和时隙进行配置。
进一步地，所述随机接入机制配置信息中还包括为所述随机接入类型分配的前导码，其中，预设的随机接入前导码划分为第一集合和第二集合，且第一集合与所述第一随机接入机制对应，第二集合与所述第二随机接入机制对应。
进一步地，所述接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息的步骤包括：接收基站通过下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令通知的随机接入机制配置信息。
在第二方面，本公开的一些实施例提供一种终端，包括：接收模块，用于接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及执行模块，用于根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第 二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
进一步地，所述随机接入时频资源信息包括：小区级的随机接入时频资源和用户级的随机接入时频资源中的至少一种。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制且与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为小区级的随机接入时频资源时，所述执行模块用于：根据终端的业务需求，确定终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制为第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制，并执行所选择的所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程，其中，所述业务需求包括：业务的时延需求和/或业务的可靠性需求；或者
在所述第一随机接入机制和所述第二随机接入机制中随机确定一种作为终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制，并进行随机接入过程。
进一步地，当与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为用户级的随机接入时频资源时，所述执行模块用于：在所述随机接入机制配置信息中指定的随机接入时频资源上，采用预设前导码触发所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息配置在相同或不同的子带上。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第二随机接入机制时，所述第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用时分复用方式或频分复用方式进行配置。
进一步地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制，且第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用频分复用方式进行配置时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息采用相同的子带和时隙进行配置。
进一步地，所述随机接入机制配置信息中还包括为所述随机接入类型分配的前导码时，其中，预设的随机接入前导码划分为第一集合和第二集合，且第一集合与所述第一随机接入机制对应，第二集合与所述第二随机接入机制对应。
进一步地，所述接收模块用于：接收基站通过下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令通知的随机接入机制配置信息。
在第三方面，本公开的一些实施例提供一种终端，包括：处理器，存储器，通过总线接口与所述处理器连接，并且用于存储由所述处理器在执行操作时所使用的计算机指令和数据，其中所述计算机指令在由所述处理器调用并执行时实现上面第一方面所述的方法。
在第四方面，本公开的一些实施例提供一种非易失性存储介质，在所述非易失性存储介质上存储有计算机指令和数据，其中，所述计算机指令在由所述处理器调用并执行时实现根据上面第一方面所述的方法。
本公开的有益效果是：上述方案，终端通过获取基站为其配置的随机接入机制配置信息，然后依据该配置信息进行随机接入过程，实现了终端可以依据自身的业务情况进行随机接入机制的选择，解决了控制面处理时延、数据面碰撞概率较高以及部分数据资源利用率偏低的问题，提高了随机接入的可靠性。
附图说明
图1表示四步骤随机接入机制的通信过程示意图；
图2表示两步骤随机接入机制的通信过程示意图；
图3表示本公开的一些实施例的随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图4表示四步骤随机接入机制和两步骤随机接入机制在子带上的配置方式的示意图；
图5表示四步骤随机接入机制和两步骤随机接入机制在子带上的配置方式示意图；
图6表示本公开的一些实施例的终端的模块示意图；以及
图7表示本公开的一些实施例的终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例对本公开进行详细描述。
本公开针对相关的5G NR中尚未定义如何使用两种不同的随机接入机制，无法有效解决控制面处理时延、数据面碰撞概率较高以及部分数据资源利用率偏低的问题，提供一种随机接入方法及终端。
如图3所示，本公开的一些实施例提供一种随机接入方法，包括步骤31-32。
步骤31，接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，基站需要提前进行随机接入机制配置信息的配置，然后将配置好的信息发送给终端，该随机接入机制配置信息中可以包括第一随机接入机制以及与所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息(即当终端采用第一随机接入机制进行随机接入时，发送信息时所采用的时频资源的位置)，该随机接入机制配置信息中可以包括第二随机接入机制以及与所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息(即当终端采用第二随机接入机制进行随机接入时，发送信息时所采用的时频资源的位置)；因相关的随机接入机制包括四步骤随机接入机制和两步骤随机接入机制，对应的，本公开的一些实施例中，该第一随机接入机制表示的为四步骤随机接入机制，该第二随机接入机制表示的为两步骤随机接入机制。
步骤32，根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
需要说明的是，基站可以通过下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令进行随机接入机制配置信息的发送，相应的，终端会依据基站的发送情况，接收下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令上的随机接入机制配置信息。
通常情况下，基站既可以为终端只配置四步骤随机接入机制，也可以只为终端配置两步骤随机接入机制，基站还可以配置两种随机接入机制给终端，由终端自己决定使用哪种随机接入机制进行随机接入过程。
需要说明的是，终端须使用前导码进行随机接入过程，当基站传输给终端的随机接入机制配置信息中不包含为终端配置的前导码时，终端使用与基站约定的前导码进行随机接入；当基站传输给终端的随机接入机制配置信息 中包含为终端配置的前导码集合时，终端在基站发送的前导码集合中随机选择一个前导码进行随机接入。
具体地，所述随机接入时频资源信息包括：小区级的随机接入时频资源和用户级的随机接入时频资源中的至少一种。
小区级的随机接入时频资源是指一个小区内所有用户(即终端)可以在给定的前导码集合上随机选择一个前导码并且在给定的时频资源上进行随机接入信息的发送；用户级的随机接入时频资源指的是基站为每个用户配置固定的随机接入的前导码和时频资源。如果基站配置的是小区级的随机接入时频资源，基站会对随机接入时频资源上的所有候选前导码进行遍历搜索检测；如果基站配置的是用户级的随机接入时频资源，基站对配置的随机接入时频资源和前导码进行固定检测。
具体地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制且与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为小区级的随机接入时频资源时，步骤31的实现方式为：
方式一、根据终端的业务需求，确定终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制为第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制，并执行所选择的所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程；
需要说明的是，该业务需求主要包括：业务的时延需求和/或业务的可靠性需求，例如，当业务的时延需求要求较高时，采用两步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入，否则，采用四步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入，比如终端在进行URLLC业务时，优先采用两步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入，在进行其他业务时，采用四步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入；当业务的可靠性需求较高时，采用四步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入，否则，采用两步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入。
方式二、在所述第一随机接入机制和所述第二随机接入机制中随机确定一种作为终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制，并进行随机接入过程。
在方式二的情况下，对终端采用的随机接入机制不进行限定，终端可以选取任意一种随机接入机制进行随机接入。
具体地，当与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为用户级 的随机接入时频资源时，步骤31的实现方式为：
在所述随机接入机制配置信息中指定的随机接入时频资源上，采用预设前导码触发所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
需要说明的是，因用户级的随机接入时频资源是基站为终端指定的，终端在该时频资源上必须要进行随机接入，所以终端需要按照基站的指示，在时频资源符合使用条件时，采用与该指定的时频资源对应的随机接入机制进行随机接入。
需要说明的是，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息配置在相同或不同的子带上；且在基站为终端配置了两步骤随机接入机制时，该两步骤随机接入机制的前导码和数据可以采用时分复用(Time Division Multiplexing,TDM)方式，也可以采用频分复用(Frequency Division Multiplexing，FDM)方式进行配置。
还需要说明的是，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制，且第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用频分复用方式进行配置时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息采用相同的子带和时隙进行配置；且在所述随机接入机制配置信息中还包括为所述随机接入类型分配的前导码，其中，预设的随机接入前导码划分为第一集合和第二集合，且第一集合与所述第一随机接入机制对应，第二集合与所述第二随机接入机制对应。
因基站中会预先设置有为终端所使用的随机接入的前导码集合，当基站配置了两种随机接入机制给终端时，可以将该前导码集合划分为两部分，一部分分配给两步骤随机接入机制使用，另一部分分配给四步骤随机接入机制使用。
下面在实际应用中，对本公开的一些实施例的上述实现方式举例说明如下。
a、基站采用不同的子带来配置两种随机接入机制，且针对两步骤随机接入机制配置小区级的随机接入时频资源
如图4所示，基站在子带1(Subband 1)上配置四步骤随机接入机制的 随机接入时频资源，在子带1的一个时隙(slot)的上行区域(UL region)配置四步骤随机接入机制的前导码的传输位置，在子带2(Subband 2)上配置两步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源，在子带2的一个时隙的上行区域(UL region)配置两步骤随机接入机制的前导码以及数据的传输位置。其中，两步骤随机接入机制的前导码和数据部分之间采用TDM方式。针对两步骤随机接入的随机接入时频资源，基站配置基于小区级的随机接入时频资源，基站对前导码和随机接入机制对应的时频资源进行遍历搜索检测，以判断是否有用户传输。
终端根据业务需求来决定采用的随机接入机制，例如依据业务的时延需求进行选择，例如：当终端具有上行URLLC业务需要发送时，终端选择两步骤随机接入机制，否则，终端选择四步骤随机接入机制；当业务的可靠性需求较高时，采用四步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入，否则，采用两步骤随机接入机制进行随机接入。。
b、基站采用不同的子带来配置两种随机接入机制，且针对两步骤随机接入机制配置用户级的随机接入时频资源
继续如图4所示，基站在子带1(Subband 1)上配置四步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源，在子带1的一个时隙(slot)的上行区域(UL region)配置四步骤随机接入机制的前导码的传输位置，在子带2(Subband 2)上配置两步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源，在子带2的一个时隙的上行区域(UL region)配置两步骤随机接入机制的前导码以及数据的传输位置。针对两步骤随机接入的随机接入时频资源，基站配置基于用户级的随机接入时频资源。基站对前导码和随机接入对应的时频资源进行固定检测。
终端根据基站的配置，终端在所有的状态(包括空闲态、连接态和非激活态)下均在对应的随机接入时频资源、采用给定的前导码、触发对应的随机接入机制。
c、基站采用相同的子带来配置两种随机接入机制，且针对两步骤随机接入机制配置小区级的随机接入时频资源
如图5所示，基站在子带1(Subband 1)上同时配置两步骤随机接入机制和四步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源，即两步骤随机接入机制和四 步骤随机接入机制采用相同的时隙和子带。其中，两步骤随机接入机制的前导码和数据部分之间采用FDM方式。假设随机接入前导码集合包含64个前导码，划分成两个子集合，每个子集合中分别包括32个前导码，分别用于两步骤随机接入机制和四步骤随机接入机制。针对两步骤随机接入的随机接入时频资源，基站配置基于小区级的随机接入时频资源，此时基站对前导码和随机接入机制对应的时频资源进行遍历搜索检测，以判断是否有用户传输。
终端可以根据基站的配置情况，随机选择所采用的随机接入机制。
d、基站采用相同的子带来配置两种随机接入机制，且针对两步骤随机接入机制配置用户级的随机接入时频资源
如图5所示，基站在子带1(Subband 1)上同时配置两步骤随机接入机制和四步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源，即两步骤随机接入机制和四步骤随机接入机制采用相同的时隙和子带。其中，两步骤随机接入机制的前导码和数据部分之间采用FDM方式。假设随机接入前导码集合包含64个前导码，划分成两个子集合，分别包括一个前导码的子集合和包括63个前导码的子集合，分别用于两步骤随机接入机制和四步骤随机接入机制。此时，针对两步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源，基站等效地配置基于用户级的随机接入时频资源(即每个用户固定采用一个前导码)，此时基站对两步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源上，针对前导码和随机接入机制对应的时频资源进行固定检测；对四步骤随机接入机制的随机接入时频资源上，针对前导码和随机接入机制对应的时频资源进行遍历搜索检测。
终端可以根据基站的配置情况，随机选择所采用的随机接入机制。
需要说明的是，本公开能够有效降低传统的四步骤随机接入存在的控制面处理时延较大的问题，同时避免了两步骤随机接入机制中数据部分较高的碰撞概率以及浪费部分数据资源的问题，终端通过获取基站为其配置的随机接入机制配置信息，然后依据该配置信息进行随机接入过程，实现了终端可以依据自身的业务情况进行随机接入机制的选择，提高了随机接入的可靠性。
如图6所示，本公开的一些实施例提供一种终端60，包括：接收模块61，用于接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息， 所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及执行模块62，用于根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
可选地，所述随机接入时频资源信息包括：小区级的随机接入时频资源和用户级的随机接入时频资源中的至少一种。
具体地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制且与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为小区级的随机接入时频资源时，所述执行模块62用于：根据终端的业务需求，确定终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制为第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制，并执行所选择的所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程，其中，所述业务需求包括：业务的时延需求和/或业务的可靠性需求；或者在所述第一随机接入机制和所述第二随机接入机制中随机确定一种作为终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制，并进行随机接入过程。
具体地，当与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为用户级的随机接入时频资源时，所述执行模块62用于：在所述随机接入机制配置信息中指定的随机接入时频资源上，采用预设前导码触发所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
具体地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息配置在相同或不同的子带上。
具体地，当所述随机接入类型包括第二随机接入机制时，所述第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用时分复用方式或频分复用方式进行配置。
具体地，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制，且第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用频分复用方式进行配置时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息采用相同的子带和时隙进行配置。
具体地，所述随机接入机制配置信息中还包括为所述随机接入类型分配的前导码时，其中，预设的随机接入前导码划分为第一集合和第二集合，且第一集合与所述第一随机接入机制对应，第二集合与所述第二随机接入机制 对应。
可选地，所述接收模块61用于：接收基站通过下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令通知的随机接入机制配置信息。
需要说明的是，该终端的实施例是与上述的方法实施例一一对应的终端，上述方法实施例中所有实现方式均适用于该终端的实施例中，也能达到相同的技术效果。
如图7所示，本公开的一些实施例提供一种终端，包括处理器71以及通过总线接口72与所述处理器71相连接的存储器73，其中所述存储器73用于存储所述处理器71在执行操作时所使用的程序和数据，当处理器71调用并执行所述存储器73中所存储的程序和数据时，执行下列过程：通过收发机74接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
其中，收发机74与总线接口72连接，用于在处理器71的控制下接收随机接入机制配置信息。
需要说明的是，在图7中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器71代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器73代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机74可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。针对不同的终端，用户接口75还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口，连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。处理器71负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器73可以存储处理器71在执行操作时所使用的数据。
本领域技术人员可以理解，实现上述实施例的全部或者部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过计算机程序来指示相关的硬件来完成，所述计算 机程序包括执行上述方法的部分或者全部步骤的指令；且该计算机程序可以存储于可读存储介质中，存储介质可以是任何形式的存储介质。
以上所述的是本公开的可选实施方式，应当指出对于本技术领域的普通人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述的原理前提下还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也在本公开的保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，包括：
    接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及
    根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其中，所述随机接入时频资源信息包括：小区级的随机接入时频资源和用户级的随机接入时频资源中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制且与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为小区级的随机接入时频资源时，所述根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程的步骤具体为：
    根据终端的业务需求，确定终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制为第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制，并执行所选择的所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程，其中，所述业务需求包括：业务的时延需求和/或业务的可靠性需求；或者
    在所述第一随机接入机制和所述第二随机接入机制中随机确定一种作为终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制，并进行随机接入过程。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，当与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为用户级的随机接入时频资源时，所述根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程的步骤具体为：
    在所述随机接入机制配置信息中指定的随机接入时频资源上，采用预设前导码触发所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其中，当所述随机接入类型包 括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息配置在相同或不同的子带上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第二随机接入机制时，所述第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用时分复用方式或频分复用方式进行配置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制，且第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用频分复用方式进行配置时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息采用相同的子带和时隙进行配置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的随机接入方法，其中，所述随机接入机制配置信息中还包括为所述随机接入类型分配的前导码，其中，预设的随机接入前导码划分为第一集合和第二集合，且第一集合与所述第一随机接入机制对应，第二集合与所述第二随机接入机制对应。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其中，所述接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息的步骤包括：
    接收基站通过下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令通知的随机接入机制配置信息。
  10. 一种终端，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收基站发送的随机接入机制配置信息，所述随机接入机制配置信息包括：随机接入类型以及与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息，所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和/或第二随机接入机制；以及
    执行模块，用于根据所述随机接入机制配置信息，执行所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其中，所述随机接入时频资源信息包括：小区级的随机接入时频资源和用户级的随机接入时频资源中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的终端，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第一 随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制且与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为小区级的随机接入时频资源时，所述执行模块用于：
    根据终端的业务需求，确定终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制为第一随机接入机制或第二随机接入机制，并执行所选择的所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程，其中，所述业务需求包括：业务的时延需求和/或业务的可靠性需求；或者
    在所述第一随机接入机制和所述第二随机接入机制中随机确定一种作为终端进行随机接入时所使用的随机接入机制，并进行随机接入过程。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的终端，其中，当与所述随机接入类型对应的随机接入时频资源信息为用户级的随机接入时频资源时，所述执行模块用于：
    在所述随机接入机制配置信息中指定的随机接入时频资源上，采用预设前导码触发所述第一随机接入机制或所述第二随机接入机制的随机接入过程。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息配置在相同或不同的子带上。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第二随机接入机制时，所述第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用时分复用方式或频分复用方式进行配置。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其中，当所述随机接入类型包括第一随机接入机制和第二随机接入机制，且第二随机接入机制的前导码和数据采用频分复用方式进行配置时，所述第一随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息和所述第二随机接入机制对应的随机接入时频资源信息采用相同的子带和时隙进行配置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的终端，其中，所述随机接入机制配置信息中还包括为所述随机接入类型分配的前导码时，其中，预设的随机接入前导码划分为第一集合和第二集合，且第一集合与所述第一随机接入机制对应，第二集合与所述第二随机接入机制对应。
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的终端，其中，所述接收模块用于：
    接收基站通过下行广播信道或下行专用控制信令通知的随机接入机制配置信息。
  19. 一种终端，包括：
    处理器，
    存储器，通过总线接口与所述处理器连接，并且用于存储由所述处理器在执行操作时所使用的计算机指令和数据，
    其中所述计算机指令在由所述处理器调用并执行时实现根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种非易失性存储介质，在所述非易失性存储介质上存储有计算机指令和数据，其中，所述计算机指令在由所述处理器调用并执行时实现根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法。
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