WO2018121036A1 - 一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置 - Google Patents

一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018121036A1
WO2018121036A1 PCT/CN2017/108631 CN2017108631W WO2018121036A1 WO 2018121036 A1 WO2018121036 A1 WO 2018121036A1 CN 2017108631 W CN2017108631 W CN 2017108631W WO 2018121036 A1 WO2018121036 A1 WO 2018121036A1
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Prior art keywords
barrel
crushing
funnel
connecting rod
flip cover
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PCT/CN2017/108631
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱海荣
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苏州美生环保科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018121036A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018121036A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/23—Devices for tilting and emptying of containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of garbage disposal equipment, and in particular to an automatic garbage tipping treatment device.
  • Domestic garbage is composed of a variety of substances with different characteristics. It is a heterogeneous mixture. It has different fixed characteristics from a single substance.
  • the physical and chemical properties of domestic garbage vary widely.
  • the treatment and disposal of rural domestic garbage Among them, the physical characteristics of rural domestic garbage often involved are water content and bulk density; garbage sorting equipment mainly classifies garbage to achieve “rapid, harmless, no residual, and resource recycling”.
  • the Chinese invention patent "a kitchen waste biochemical treatment integrated machine”, application number is 201510859884.0 discloses a casing, a garbage collection device, a water-water separation device and a drying decomposition device; the garbage collection device includes a garbage dumping mechanism and a sorting platform
  • the drying decomposition device comprises a decomposition mixing drum and a suction structure; one side of the casing is provided with the garbage dumping mechanism; the top of the casing is provided with a sorting platform; the oil-water separation device, the decomposition mixing barrel and the suction mechanism are all located at the machine The inside of the shell; the sorting platform is respectively connected with the oil-water separation device and the decomposition mixing tank; the decomposition mixing barrel is provided with a fermentation strain; the suction mechanism is connected to the decomposition mixing tank through the air duct; the garbage dumping mechanism is matched by the guiding rail The riser dumps the trash in the trash can into the sorting platform.
  • the garbage disposal structure can reduce the garbage disposal and greatly optimize the effect of garbage disposal.
  • the device still has room for improvement in the automatic structure, especially that some power and linkage structures are not optimized. Therefore, the device has limitations, which is not conducive to the overall development of the device.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic garbage overturning treatment device, which solves the problem.
  • the standby power transmission structure is cumbersome, which is not conducive to solving the problem of equipment cost saving.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an automatic garbage overturning treatment device, which comprises a guiding track, a dumping frame, a discharging funnel and a crushing fermenting barrel; the dumping frame is pushed along the jacking hydraulic cylinder.
  • the guide rail is raised to the discharge funnel and gradually dumped;
  • the discharge funnel includes a funnel body and the cover plate; one end of the cover plate is connected to the bracket by the push rod, and the other end is fixed by a hinge a funnel body; both ends of the push rod are connected to the dump bucket and the cover plate by an articulated manner;
  • the outlet of the discharge funnel is connected to the crushing fermenting barrel;
  • the crushing fermenting barrel is provided with a rotating shaft; and the crushing cutter head is mounted on the rotating shaft
  • the outlet of the crushing fermenting barrel is covered with a hydraulic flap;
  • the hydraulic flap includes a flip cover, a curved connecting rod, a straight connecting rod and a lifting cylinder;
  • the outer wall of the flip cover and the barrel body is connected by a hinge; one end of the curved connecting rod is fixed to the flip cover;
  • the piston rod of the lift cylinder is connected by a straight link.
  • the dump bucket slides along a guide rail by a pushing force of a jacking hydraulic cylinder;
  • the dump bucket includes a front unit and a rear unit;
  • the front unit top fixes the discharge funnel;
  • the front unit and the rear unit
  • a spring is provided between the front unit and the rear unit to cause relative sliding; the deformation force of the spring causes the front unit and the rear unit to clamp the trash can.
  • the outer wall of the pulverizing fermenter is further provided with a plurality of horizontal knives penetrating the outer wall and horizontally feeding along the pulverizing barrel; the front knives of the horizontal knives are higher than the pulverizing cutter disc and adjacent to the pulverizing cutter disc.
  • the outer wall of the pulverizing fermenter is provided with four guide sleeves penetrating the barrel wall and arranged radially along the barrel; each of the guide sleeves is fitted with one of the horizontal knives; and the horizontal knives are pulverized and fermented along the guide sleeves.
  • the horizontal feed of the barrel is horizontal; the horizontal knife and the guide sleeve convert the rotation of the horizontal knife into a linear feed motion by the cooperation of the connection key and the axial oblique key groove.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of providing an automatic garbage overturning treatment device, improving the original structure and greatly improving the automation degree of the device. Moreover, the unit of the device is optimized, the power component is rationally utilized, and the integrity of the device is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic garbage overturning treatment device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the dump bucket
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another perspective of the garbage automatic tipping treatment device
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inside of the barrel and the hydraulic flap;
  • embodiments of the present invention include:
  • the utility model relates to a garbage automatic overturning treatment device, which comprises a guiding rail 11, a discharging funnel 12, and a dumping rack 13 for placing the garbage can.
  • the end of the guide rail 11 leads to the discharge funnel 12, and the guide rail 11 gradually changes from a vertical lift to a horizontal dump.
  • the dump frame 13 is provided with a rail wheel 14 which is raised by the rail wheel 14 along the guide rail 11 to the discharge funnel 12 and gradually dumped.
  • the dump frame 13 includes a front unit 15 and a rear unit 16, the front unit 15 is fixed at the top of the discharge funnel 12, and the rear unit 16 is provided with a tray 17 for placing the trash can.
  • the front unit 15 is further provided with a front plate 15 for Press the discharge chute 18 at the trash can.
  • a spring is arranged between the front unit 15 and the rear unit 16 to cause relative sliding of the front unit 15 and the rear unit 16. Under the deformation force of the spring 19, the pallet 17 and the discharge slot 18 can clamp the trash can 7 to prevent The trash can 7 is fixed and unstable, and can also prevent the trash can 7 from leaking garbage during the dumping process.
  • the guide rail 11 is provided with a jack-up hydraulic cylinder, and the jack-up hydraulic cylinder pushes the bucket 13 to ascend and descend along the guide rail 11.
  • the discharge funnel 12 includes a funnel body 121 and a cover plate 122, one end of which is connected to the dump frame 13 by a push rod 123, and the other end of which is fixed to the funnel body 121 by a hinge.
  • Both ends of the push rod 123 are connected to the dump frame 13 and the cover plate 122 in an articulated manner, and both ends of the push rod 123 can be flexibly rotated around the hinge point.
  • the push rod 123 simultaneously rises to push the cover 122 of the discharge funnel 12 at the same time; otherwise, when the dump bucket 13 descends, the push rod 123 then pulls the cover 122 of the discharge funnel 12 closed.
  • This linkage method can realize automatic turning and automatic opening, which solves the manual or multi-power design and solves the equipment cost.
  • the pulverizing fermenter includes a double-layered tub body 33, a pulverizing cutter disc 34, a rotating shaft in the tub body 33, and a pulverizing cutter disc 34 mounted on the rotating shaft.
  • the garbage is further pulverized by the high-speed rotation of the pulverizing cutter 34, but the pulverizing structure is very common. Therefore, a plurality of horizontal knives 35 penetrating the outer wall and horizontally feeding along the pulverizing barrel are provided on the outer wall of the barrel, and the front edge of the horizontal knives 35 is higher than the pulverizing blade 34 and adjacent to the pulverizing blade 34.
  • the outer wall of the barrel body 33 is provided with four guide sleeves penetrating the barrel wall and arranged along the radial direction of the barrel body, and a horizontal knife 35 is fitted in each guide sleeve.
  • the horizontal knife 35 is fed horizontally along the guide sleeve in the radial direction of the barrel, and the horizontal knife 35 and the guide sleeve cooperate with the axial oblique key groove to convert the rotation of the horizontal knife into a linear feed motion.
  • the pulverized structure is capable of pulverizing waste into fine particles for subsequent processing.
  • the pulverization fermenting barrel 31 is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is externally connected with the auger.
  • a hydraulic flap 36 is further disposed on the discharge port, and the hydraulic flap 36 includes a flip cover 361, a curved link 362, a straight link 363, and a lift cylinder 364.
  • the flip cover 361 is covered on the discharge opening, and the flip cover 361 is connected to the outer wall of the tub body 33 by a hinge.
  • One end of the curved link 362 is fixed to the flip cover 361, and the other end thereof is connected to the piston rod of the lift cylinder 364 through the straight link 363.
  • the engagement of the straight link 363 with the curved link 362 allows the flip cover 361 to open about the hinge point. Conversely, raising the vertical thrust of the cylinder causes the flip to pivot around the hinge point. shut down.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，涉及垃圾处理设备领域，包括导向轨道（11）、翻斗架（13）、卸料漏斗（12）和粉碎发酵桶；翻斗架（13）在顶升液压缸推动下沿着导向轨道上升至卸料漏斗（12）并逐渐倾倒；卸料漏斗（12）包括漏斗体（121）和盖板（122）；盖板（122）的一端通过推杆（123）与托架连接，其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体（121）上；推杆（123）的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架（13）、盖板（122）连接；卸料漏斗（12）的出口连通所述粉碎发酵桶；粉碎发酵桶内设有转轴；在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘；粉碎发酵桶的出口上覆盖有液压翻盖（36）；液压翻盖（36）包括翻盖（361）、弧形连杆（362）、直连杆（363）、提升油缸（364）；翻盖（361）与桶体的外壁通过铰链连接；弧形连杆的一端固定在翻盖上，其另一端通过直连杆连接提升油缸的活塞杆。

Description

一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置 技术领域
本发明涉及垃圾处理设备领域，特别是涉及一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置。
背景技术
生活垃圾由多种特性迥异的物质组成，是一种非均质的混合物，与单一物质具有固定的特性不同，生活垃圾的物理性质和化学性质变动范围较大；在乡村生活垃圾的处理处置过程中，常涉及到的乡村生活垃圾的物理特性有含水率和容重等；垃圾分选设备主要是将垃圾进行分类,实现垃圾“快速化，无害化，无剩余化，资源循环利用化”。例如中国发明专利《一种餐厨垃圾生化处理一体机》，申请号为201510859884.0，公开了包括机壳、垃圾收集装置、油水分离装置和干燥分解装置；垃圾收集装置包括垃圾倾倒机构和分拣平台；干燥分解装置包括分解搅拌桶和吸风结构；机壳的一侧设有所述垃圾倾倒机构；机壳的顶部设有分拣平台；油水分离装置、分解搅拌桶、吸风机构均位于机壳的内部；分拣平台分别与油水分离装置和分解搅拌桶相连通；分解搅拌桶内设有发酵菌种；吸风机构通过风管与分解搅拌桶连通；垃圾倾倒机构通过导向轨道上配合的上升架将垃圾桶中的垃圾翻倒入分拣平台中。该垃圾处理结构可以做到垃圾处理的减量化，极大的优化了垃圾处理的效果。但是，从实际使用情况中发现，该设备在自动结构上还存在着改善空间，尤其是一些动力、联动结构没有得到优化。所以该设备就存在了局限性，不利于设备整体发展。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，解决了设 备动力极传动结构繁琐，不利于解决设备成本节约的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是提供一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，包括导向轨道、翻斗架、卸料漏斗和粉碎发酵桶；翻斗架在顶升液压缸推动下沿着导向轨道上升至卸料漏斗并逐渐倾倒；所述卸料漏斗包括漏斗体和所述盖板；所述盖板的一端通过所述推杆与所述托架连接，其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体上；所述推杆的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架、盖板连接；卸料漏斗的出口连通所述粉碎发酵桶；粉碎发酵桶内设有转轴；在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘；粉碎发酵桶的出口上覆盖有液压翻盖；所述液压翻盖包括翻盖、弧形连杆、直连杆、提升油缸；翻盖与桶体的外壁通过铰链连接；弧形连杆的一端固定在翻盖上，其另一端通过直连杆连接提升油缸的活塞杆。
优选的是，所述翻斗架通过顶升液压缸的推动力的作用沿着导向轨道滑动；所述翻斗架包括前单元和后单元；前单元顶部固定所述卸料漏斗；前单元和后单元之间设有弹簧使前单元和后单元产生相对滑动；弹簧的形变力使前单元和后单元夹紧垃圾桶。
优选的是，粉碎发酵桶的外壁上还设有多个贯穿外壁并沿粉碎桶径向水平进给的水平刀；所述水平刀的前端刀刃高于粉碎刀盘并紧邻粉碎刀盘。
优选的是，粉碎发酵桶的外壁上设有四个贯穿桶壁并沿桶体径向设置的导套；每个导套内配合有一个所述水平刀；水平刀沿着导套在粉碎发酵桶的径向上水平进给；水平刀与导套通过连接键与轴向斜键槽的配合来将水平刀的转动转化为直线进给运动。
本发明的有益效果是：提供一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，改善了原有结构，使得设备的自动化程度大幅度提升。而且，优化了设备的单元，合理利用了动力元件，提高了设备的完整性。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置的结构示意图；
图2是翻斗架的结构剖视图；
图3是圾自动翻倒处理装置的另一视角结构示意图；
图4是桶体内部及液压翻盖的结构示意图；
附图中各部件的标记如下：11、导向轨道；12、卸料漏斗；13、翻斗架；14、轨道轮；15、前单元；16、后单元；17、托板；18、卸料槽；19、弹簧；121、漏斗体；122、盖板；123、推杆；21、圆刀盘；22、齿轮；23、连接电机；24、变速箱；25、液压缸；26、推头；33、桶体；34、桶体；35、水平刀；36、液压翻盖；361、翻盖；362、弧形连杆；363、直连杆；364、提升油缸。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅附图1至4，本发明实施例包括：
一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，包括导向轨道11、卸料漏斗12、用于放置垃圾桶的翻斗架13。导向轨道11的末端通往卸料漏斗12，导向轨道11从竖直提升逐渐变成水平倾倒。翻斗架13上设有轨道轮14，翻斗架12通过轨道轮14沿着导向轨道11上升至卸料漏斗12并逐渐倾倒。翻斗架13包括可以产生相对滑动的：前单元15和后单元16，前单元15顶部固定卸料漏斗12，后单元16底部设有放置垃圾桶的托板17，前单元15上还设有用于压住垃圾桶口的卸料槽18。前单元15和后单元16之间设有弹簧使前单元15和后单元16产生相对滑动，在弹簧19的形变力作用下，托板17和卸料槽18可以夹紧垃圾桶7，防止 垃圾桶7固定不稳，同时也能防止垃圾桶7在倾倒过程中渗漏垃圾。导向轨道11上设有顶升液压缸，顶升液压缸推动翻斗13架沿着导向轨道11升降。卸料漏斗12包括漏斗体121和盖板122，盖板122的一端通过推杆123与翻斗架13连接，其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体121上。推杆123的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架13、盖板122连接，推杆123的两端可以灵活的绕着铰接点转动。当翻斗架13在顶升液压缸的推动力下沿着导向轨道11滑动时，推杆123同时上升可以将卸料漏斗12的盖板122同时推开；反之，翻斗架13下降时，推杆123则拉着卸料漏斗12的盖板122闭合。这种联动方式可以实现自动翻料和自动开盖，解决了人工或者多动力设计，解决了设备成本。
粉碎发酵桶包括双层的桶体33、粉碎刀盘34，在桶体33内设有转轴，在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘34。通过粉碎刀盘34的高速转动来将垃圾进一步的粉碎，但是该粉碎结构很常见。所以，在桶体的外壁上还设有多个贯穿外壁并沿粉碎桶径向水平进给的水平刀35，水平刀35的前端刀刃高于粉碎刀盘34并紧邻粉碎刀盘34。具体方案是：桶体33的外壁上设有四个贯穿桶壁并沿桶体径向设置的导套，每个导套内配合有一个水平刀35。水平刀35沿着导套在桶体的径向上水平进给，水平刀35与导套通过连接键与轴向斜键槽的配合来将水平刀的转动转化为直线进给运动。该粉碎结构能够将垃圾粉碎成细小颗粒，便于后续处理。粉碎发酵桶31上设有出料口，出料口外接出料绞龙。出料口上还设有液压翻盖36，液压翻盖36包括翻盖361、弧形连杆362、直连杆363、提升油缸364。翻盖361覆盖在出料口上，翻盖361与桶体33的外壁通过铰链连接，弧形连杆362的一端固定在翻盖361上，其另一端通过直连杆363连接提升油缸364的活塞杆。通过提升油缸364的竖直拉力，直连杆363与弧形连杆362的配合使得翻盖361可以绕着铰接点打开。反之，提升油缸的竖直推力则使翻盖绕着铰接点 关闭。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，其特征在于：包括导向轨道、翻斗架、卸料漏斗和粉碎发酵桶；翻斗架在顶升液压缸推动下沿着导向轨道上升至卸料漏斗并逐渐倾倒；所述卸料漏斗包括漏斗体和所述盖板；所述盖板的一端通过所述推杆与所述托架连接，其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体上；所述推杆的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架、盖板连接；卸料漏斗的出口连通所述粉碎发酵桶；粉碎发酵桶内设有转轴；在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘；粉碎发酵桶的出口上覆盖有液压翻盖；所述液压翻盖包括翻盖、弧形连杆、直连杆、提升油缸；翻盖与桶体的外壁通过铰链连接；弧形连杆的一端固定在翻盖上，其另一端通过直连杆连接提升油缸的活塞杆。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，其特征在于：所述翻斗架通过顶升液压缸的推动力的作用沿着导向轨道滑动；所述翻斗架包括前单元和后单元；前单元顶部固定所述卸料漏斗；前单元和后单元之间设有弹簧使前单元和后单元产生相对滑动；弹簧的形变力使前单元和后单元夹紧垃圾桶。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，其特征在于：粉碎发酵桶的外壁上还设有多个贯穿外壁并沿粉碎桶径向水平进给的水平刀；所述水平刀的前端刀刃高于粉碎刀盘并紧邻粉碎刀盘。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种垃圾自动翻倒处理装置，其特征在于：粉碎发酵桶的外壁上设有四个贯穿桶壁并沿桶体径向设置的导套；每个导套内配合有一个所述水平刀；水平刀沿着导套在粉碎发酵桶的径向上水平进给；水平刀与导套通过连接键与轴向斜键槽的配合来将水平刀的转动转化为直线进给运动。
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CN113587656A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-11-02 张家港宏昌钢板有限公司 一种加热炉炉底自动清渣翻倒装置及操作方法
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CN109230109B (zh) * 2018-08-29 2024-03-15 王保芹 地下全封闭垃圾站
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