WO2018121037A1 - 一种生活垃圾减量处理设备 - Google Patents
一种生活垃圾减量处理设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018121037A1 WO2018121037A1 PCT/CN2017/108632 CN2017108632W WO2018121037A1 WO 2018121037 A1 WO2018121037 A1 WO 2018121037A1 CN 2017108632 W CN2017108632 W CN 2017108632W WO 2018121037 A1 WO2018121037 A1 WO 2018121037A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- garbage
- crushing
- pulverizing
- discharge
- funnel
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
- B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/23—Devices for tilting and emptying of containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of garbage disposal equipment, and in particular to a domestic garbage reduction processing equipment.
- the treatment methods of urban domestic garbage are mainly divided into: First, the domestic garbage disposal equipment is set up for the domestic garbage in the residential area; first, the kitchen garbage disposal equipment is established for the kitchen waste of the restaurant, the restaurant and the canteen. At present, there are still a large number of garbage treatment plants, which not only have huge investment, but also tend to have low garbage quality or insufficient supply in actual operation, which is not conducive to the improvement of waste treatment effect and the reduction of treatment cost. Garbage disposal equipment is not only low cost, but also easy to move, and the processing effect can also be selected according to needs.
- the Chinese invention patent "a kitchen waste biochemical treatment integrated machine”, application number is 201510859884.0 discloses a casing, a garbage collection device, a water-water separation device and a drying decomposition device; the garbage collection device includes a garbage dumping mechanism and a sorting platform
- the drying decomposition device comprises a decomposition mixing drum and a suction structure; one side of the casing is provided with the garbage dumping mechanism; the top of the casing is provided with a sorting platform; the oil-water separation device, the decomposition mixing barrel and the suction mechanism are all located at the machine The inside of the shell; the sorting platform is respectively connected with the oil-water separation device and the decomposition mixing tank; the decomposition mixing barrel is provided with a fermentation strain; the suction mechanism is connected to the decomposition mixing tank through the air duct; the garbage dumping mechanism is matched by the guiding rail The riser dumps the trash in the trash can into the sorting platform.
- the garbage disposal structure can reduce the garbage disposal and greatly optimize the effect of garbage disposal.
- the equipment cannot handle a large volume of garbage or a harder garbage during the garbage disposal process, and the garbage processed is mainly directed to the kitchen or small soft household garbage. . Therefore, the device has limitations, which is not conducive to the overall development of the device.
- the technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is to provide a domestic garbage reduction processing device and solve the waste Lack of pulverization during the waste treatment process and low automation of waste equipment.
- a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a domestic garbage reduction processing apparatus, including a garbage dumping device, a bite crushing device, a garbage crushing fermentation device, and an exhaust gas purifying device;
- the garbage dump device includes a guiding track a dumping funnel, a dump bucket for placing the trash can;
- the dump truck is raised along the guiding rail to the unloading funnel by the action of the rail wheel and gradually dumped;
- the dumping rack and the cover plate on the discharge funnel are linked by the push rod;
- the push rod opens a cover plate on the discharge funnel;
- the outlet of the discharge funnel leads to the bite crushing device;
- the bite crushing device includes a crushing wheel set and a hydraulic push a head; the hydraulic pusher head is located between the crushing wheel set and the outlet of the discharge funnel;
- the outlet of the bite crushing device leads to the garbage crushing and fermentation device;
- the garbage crushing and fermentation device comprises a crushing fermenter and a discharge strand a smashing fermenter is provided with a discharge port
- the pulverizing wheel set is provided with a casing outside, and the pulverizing wheel set comprises two pulverizing shafts which are parallel in the axial direction; the two pulverizing shafts are fixed in the casing by the bearing members; the two pulverizing shafts pass through the shaft end a gear meshing transmission; the crushing shaft is provided with a plurality of circular cutter discs; the circular cutter discs on the two crushing shafts are sequentially interspersed; at least one crushing shaft is connected to the driving power; the hydraulic pushing head is fixed to the crushing wheel Above the group; the hydraulic pusher head comprises two opposite hydraulic cylinders; each of the hydraulic cylinders has a pusher on the piston rod; the hydraulic power causes the two pushers to press and compress the objects therebetween.
- the exhaust gas purifying device comprises a tank body, a filter tube group and a fan; the tank body is partitioned into an air passage spiraling back and forth in a vertical direction; a filter tube group is arranged in the air passage; The root filter tube is arranged in parallel; the axial direction of the filter tube is parallel to the flow direction of the gas; a fan is arranged on the box; the fan generates The wind direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the filter tube; a dust compartment is further disposed at the bottom of the tank; liquid water is added to the dust compartment; and the airflow in the air passage flows through the liquid water of the dust compartment.
- the pulverizing fermenting barrel comprises a barrel body and a pulverizing cutter head; the barrel body is provided with a rotating shaft; the pulverizing cutter head is mounted on the rotating shaft; and the outer wall of the barrel body is further provided with a plurality of penetrating outer walls and along the pulverizing barrel diameter a horizontal knife fed horizontally; the front edge of the horizontal knife is higher than the pulverizing cutter and adjacent to the pulverizing cutter; the hydraulic flap includes a flip cover, a curved connecting rod, a straight link, and a lifting cylinder; the flip cover is covered The outlet is connected to the outer wall of the barrel by a hinge; one end of the curved connecting rod is fixed on the flip cover, and the other end is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder through a straight connecting rod.
- the garbage dump device includes the guide rail, the dump bucket, the jacking hydraulic cylinder, the discharge funnel;
- the dump bucket includes a front unit and a rear unit; and the front unit top fixes the unloading a funnel; a tray for placing the trash can at the bottom of the rear unit;
- a spring is disposed between the front unit and the rear unit to cause relative sliding of the front unit and the rear unit; and the front unit is provided with a discharge slot for pressing the trash can;
- the deformation force of the spring causes the pallet and the discharge chute to clamp the trash can;
- the guiding rail is provided with a jacking hydraulic cylinder;
- the jacking hydraulic cylinder pushes the dump bucket to rise and fall along the guiding rail; in the dump bucket and the guiding rail
- the track wheel is further provided;
- the discharge funnel comprises a funnel body and the cover plate; one end of the cover plate is connected to the bracket by the push rod, and the other end is fixed to the funnel body by a hinge The two ends of the push rod are connected
- the invention has the beneficial effects of providing a domestic garbage reduction processing device, which is suitable for use in a large garbage disposal environment, and in particular, can process a large amount of garbage at one time.
- the garbage in the trash can is automatically poured into the processing equipment by the hydraulic power transmission device, and after the pulverization treatment, the garbage is further pulverized and fermented, so that the large-volume garbage is finally processed into a dry powder.
- the garbage volume is reduced by 50%, the water content of the garbage is reduced by 80%, and the weight of the garbage is reduced by 40%, which greatly improves the effect of garbage disposal.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the main structure of a domestic garbage reduction processing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an outline view of a domestic garbage reduction processing apparatus
- Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a garbage dumping device
- Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a bite pulverizing device and a garbage pulverizing fermentation device
- Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the bite pulverizing device
- Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the pulverizing fermenter
- Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust gas purifying device
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the exhaust gas purifying device
- garbage dumping device 2. bite crushing device; 3. garbage crushing and fermentation device; 4. exhaust gas purifying device; 5. rack; 8, exhaust pipe; 11, guiding track; 12, discharge funnel; 13, dump bucket; 14, track wheel; 15, front unit; 16, rear unit; 17, pallet; 18, discharge trough; 121, funnel body; 122, cover plate; 123, push rod; 21, round cutter; 22, gear; 23, motor; 24, gearbox; 25, hydraulic cylinder; 26, push head; 32, discharge auger; 33, barrel; 34, barrel; 35, horizontal knife; 36, hydraulic flip; 361, flip; 362, curved link; 363, straight link; 364, lift cylinder; 41, filter tube set; 42, box; 43, fan; 44, filter tube set.
- embodiments of the present invention include:
- a domestic garbage reduction processing apparatus comprises a rack 5, an electric control box 6, a garbage dumping device 1, a bite crushing device 2, a garbage crushing fermentation device 3, and an exhaust gas purifying device 4.
- the frame 1 is formed by splicing a series of profiles, and the above-mentioned electric control box 6, garbage dump device 1, nip pulverizing device 2, garbage pulverizing fermentation device 3, and exhaust gas purifying device 4 are fixed on the frame 5.
- garbage dump device 1 raises and dumps the trash can 7 under the driving of the power, and the garbage in the trash can 7 is poured into the smashing and smashing device 2, and the smashing and smashing device 2 will block the garbage or the whole.
- the garbage is shredded into garbage strips 4 to 6 cm wide.
- the pulverized garbage enters the garbage pulverization and fermentation apparatus 3 for further pulverization and treatment, and the fine particles of the garbage treated by the garbage pulverization and fermentation apparatus 3 are discharged, and the gas generated during the pulverization and fermentation of the garbage is processed by the exhaust gas purification device 4.
- the garbage dump device 1 includes a guide rail 11, a discharge funnel 12, and a dump bucket 13 for placing the trash can.
- the end of the guide rail 11 leads to the discharge funnel 12, and the guide rail 11 gradually changes from a vertical lift to a horizontal dump.
- the dump frame 13 is provided with a rail wheel 14 which is raised by the rail wheel 14 along the guide rail 11 to the discharge funnel 12 and gradually dumped.
- the dump frame 13 includes a front unit 15 and a rear unit 16, the front unit 15 is fixed at the top of the discharge funnel 12, and the rear unit 16 is provided with a tray 17 for placing the trash can.
- the front unit 15 is further provided with a front plate 15 for Press the discharge chute 18 at the trash can.
- a spring is arranged between the front unit 15 and the rear unit 16 to cause relative sliding between the front unit 15 and the rear unit 16. Under the deformation force of the spring 19, the pallet 17 and the discharge slot 18 can clamp the trash can 7 to prevent garbage.
- the barrel 7 is fixed and unstable, and at the same time, it can prevent the trash can 7 from leaking garbage during the dumping process.
- the guide rail 11 is provided with a jack-up hydraulic cylinder, and the jack-up hydraulic cylinder pushes the bucket 13 to ascend and descend along the guide rail 11.
- the discharge funnel 12 includes a funnel body 121 and a cover plate 122, one end of which is connected to the dump frame 13 by a push rod 123, and the other end of which is fixed to the funnel body 121 by a hinge.
- Both ends of the push rod 123 are connected to the dump frame 13 and the cover plate 122 in an articulated manner, and both ends of the push rod 123 can be flexibly rotated around the hinge point.
- the push rod 123 simultaneously rises to push the cover 122 of the discharge funnel 12 at the same time; otherwise, when the dump bucket 13 descends, the push rod 123 then pulls the cover 122 of the discharge funnel 12 closed.
- This linkage method can realize automatic turning and automatic opening, which solves the manual or multi-power design and solves the equipment cost.
- the outlet of the discharge funnel 12 leads to the nip pulverizing device 2, and the nip pulverizing device 2 includes a pulverizing wheel set and A hydraulic pusher head is located between the crushing wheel set and the outlet of the discharge funnel 12.
- a housing is provided outside the pulverizing wheel set, and the pulverizing wheel set includes two pulverizing shafts that are axially parallel. The two pulverizing shafts are fixed in the casing by a bearing member, and the pulverizing shaft is provided with a plurality of circular cutter discs 21, and the circular cutter discs 21 on the two pulverizing shafts are sequentially interspersed.
- a protruding cutter head is further disposed on the rotating surface of the circular cutter head 21, and a correspondingly protruding cutter head is disposed on the casing and spaced apart from the grinding cutter disc, and the crushing cutter disc interspersed with each other can block the garbage. Separate and tear into strips of garbage.
- the two crushing shafts are meshed and driven by the gear 22 at the shaft end, and at least one crushing shaft is connected to the motor 23 and the gearbox 24.
- the hydraulic pusher head is fixed above the crushing wheel set, and the hydraulic pusher head includes two opposing hydraulic cylinders 25.
- a pusher 26 is provided on the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder 25, and the hydraulic power causes the two pushers 26 to press and compress the objects therebetween.
- the hydraulic pusher can crush the overhead stacked garbage and facilitate it to fall into the crushing wheel set.
- the outlet of the nip pulverizing device 2 leads to the garbage pulverizing fermentation device 3, which includes the pulverizing fermenting tank 31 and the discharging auger 32.
- the pulverizing fermenter includes a double-layered tub body 33, a pulverizing cutter disc 34, a rotating shaft in the tub body 33, and a pulverizing cutter disc 34 mounted on the rotating shaft.
- the garbage is further pulverized by the high-speed rotation of the pulverizing cutter 34, but the pulverizing structure is very common.
- a plurality of horizontal knives 35 penetrating the outer wall and horizontally feeding along the pulverizing barrel are provided on the outer wall of the barrel, and the front edge of the horizontal knives 35 is higher than the pulverizing blade 34 and adjacent to the pulverizing blade 34.
- the outer wall of the barrel body 33 is provided with four guide sleeves penetrating the barrel wall and arranged along the radial direction of the barrel body, and a horizontal knife 35 is fitted in each guide sleeve.
- the horizontal knife 35 is fed horizontally along the guide sleeve in the radial direction of the barrel, and the horizontal knife 35 and the guide sleeve cooperate with the axial oblique key groove to convert the rotation of the horizontal knife into a linear feed motion.
- the pulverized structure is capable of pulverizing waste into fine particles for subsequent processing.
- the pulverization fermenting barrel 31 is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is externally connected with the auger.
- a hydraulic flap 36 is further disposed on the discharge port, and the hydraulic flap 36 includes a flip cover 361 and a curved connecting rod 362.
- the flip cover 361 is covered on the discharge opening, and the flip cover 361 is connected to the outer wall of the tub body 33 by a hinge.
- One end of the curved link 362 is fixed to the flip cover 361, and the other end thereof is connected to the piston rod of the lift cylinder 364 through the straight link 363.
- the engagement of the straight link 363 with the curved link 362 allows the flip cover 361 to open about the hinge point. Conversely, raising the vertical thrust of the cylinder causes the flip to close about the hinge point.
- the automatic opening and closing at the discharge port is realized, and the requirements of intelligence and automation are realized.
- the pulverized garbage is discharged from the discharge port, and as the spiral blade rotates, the powdery garbage is dehydrated and discharged by the discharge auger.
- An exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the top of the pulverizing fermenter 31, and the exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the exhaust gas purifying device 4.
- the exhaust gas purifying device 4 includes an air passage that is plated in the up and down direction, and a filter tube group 44 is disposed in the air passage, and the air passage flows through the dust separating groove 42 and is discharged.
- the exhaust gas purifying device 4 includes a casing 41, a filter tube group 44, and a fan 43, and the inside of the casing 41 is partitioned into an air passage that spirals up and down in the vertical direction. The entrance of the air passage is located at the top of the tank, and the airflow flows from top to bottom and then turns and flows upward to increase the length of the flow passage in a spiral manner.
- a filter tube group 44 is disposed in the air passage, and the filter tube group is composed of a plurality of filter tubes arranged in parallel.
- the axial direction of the filter tube is parallel to the flow direction of the gas, and the filter tube is filled with a odor-absorbing filler.
- a dust compartment 42 is further provided at the bottom of the tank, and liquid water is added to the dust compartment 42.
- a fan is arranged on the box, and the wind direction generated by the fan is perpendicular to the axial direction of the filter tube.
- the fan 43 is provided with two; the two fans 43 are vertically juxtaposed, and the fan 43 continuously blows the airflow into the filter tube to perform a certain purification function, and at the same time, a venting port is provided on the box body to allow air to circulate.
Abstract
一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,包括垃圾翻斗装置(1)、咬合粉碎装置(2)、垃圾粉碎发酵装置(3)和尾气净化装置(4);垃圾翻斗装置(1)包括导向轨道(11)、卸料漏斗(12)、用于放置垃圾桶(7)的翻斗架(13);导向轨道(11)上升至卸料漏斗(12)并逐渐倾倒;翻斗架(13)翻倒的同时推杆(123)顶开卸料漏斗(12)上的盖板(122);卸料漏斗(12)通往咬合粉碎装置(2);咬合粉碎装置(2)包括粉碎轮组和液压推动头;咬合粉碎装置(2)通往垃圾粉碎发酵装置(3);垃圾粉碎发酵装置(3)包括粉碎发酵桶(31);粉碎发酵桶(31)上设有出料口;出料口上设有液压翻盖(36);粉碎发酵桶(31)的顶部连接有废气管(8);废气管(8)通往所述尾气净化装置(4);尾气净化装置(4)包括按上下方向盘设的气道;气道内设有滤管组(44);气流流经隔尘槽(42)后排出。所述设备能够减少垃圾的体积、重量及含水率,提高了垃圾处理效果。
Description
本发明涉及垃圾处理设备领域,特别是涉及一种生活垃圾减量处理设备。
目前,城市生活垃圾的处理方式主要分为:一是针对居民生活区的生活垃圾,建立了生活垃圾处理设备;一是针对餐厅、饭馆和食堂的餐厨垃圾,建立了餐厨垃圾处理设备。而目前还存在着大量的垃圾处理厂,不仅投入巨大,而且在实际运行中容易出现垃圾品质低或者供应量不足的情况,不利于垃圾处理效果的提高和处理成本的降低。垃圾处理设备不仅成本低廉,而且便于移动,处理效果也可以根据需要选择。例如中国发明专利《一种餐厨垃圾生化处理一体机》,申请号为201510859884.0,公开了包括机壳、垃圾收集装置、油水分离装置和干燥分解装置;垃圾收集装置包括垃圾倾倒机构和分拣平台;干燥分解装置包括分解搅拌桶和吸风结构;机壳的一侧设有所述垃圾倾倒机构;机壳的顶部设有分拣平台;油水分离装置、分解搅拌桶、吸风机构均位于机壳的内部;分拣平台分别与油水分离装置和分解搅拌桶相连通;分解搅拌桶内设有发酵菌种;吸风机构通过风管与分解搅拌桶连通;垃圾倾倒机构通过导向轨道上配合的上升架将垃圾桶中的垃圾翻倒入分拣平台中。该垃圾处理结构可以做到垃圾处理的减量化,极大的优化了垃圾处理的效果。但是,从实际使用情况中发现,该设备在垃圾处理过程中无法处理一体积较大的垃圾,或者质地较硬的垃圾,其所处理的垃圾主要正对餐厨类或者细小的软质生活垃圾。所以该设备就存在了局限性,不利于设备整体发展。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,解决了垃
圾处理过程中缺乏粉碎处理、以及垃圾设备自动化程度较低的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是提供一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,包括垃圾翻斗装置、咬合粉碎装置、垃圾粉碎发酵装置和尾气净化装置;所述垃圾翻斗装置包括导向轨道、卸料漏斗、用于放置垃圾桶的翻斗架;翻斗架通过轨道轮的作用沿着导向轨道上升至卸料漏斗并逐渐倾倒;翻斗架与卸料漏斗上的盖板通过推杆联动;翻斗架上升并向卸料漏斗翻倒的同时所述推杆顶开卸料漏斗上的盖板;所述卸料漏斗的出口通往咬合粉碎装置;所述咬合粉碎装置包括粉碎轮组和液压推动头;所述液压推动头位于粉碎轮组与卸料漏斗的出口之间;所述咬合粉碎装置的出口通往所述垃圾粉碎发酵装置;所述垃圾粉碎发酵装置包括粉碎发酵桶和出料绞龙;粉碎发酵桶上设有出料口;所述出料口外接所述出料绞龙;所述出料口上还设有液压翻盖;所述粉碎发酵桶的顶部连接有废气管;所述废气管通往所述尾气净化装置;所述尾气净化装置包括按上下方向盘设的气道;所述气道内设有滤管组;所述气道流经隔尘槽后排出。
优选的是,所述粉碎轮组外部设有壳体,粉碎轮组包括轴向平行的两根粉碎轴;两根粉碎轴通过轴承件固定在壳体内;两根粉碎轴之间通过轴端处的齿轮啮合传动;所述粉碎轴上套装有多个圆刀盘;两根粉碎轴上的圆刀盘依次间隔穿插设置;至少有一根粉碎轴连接驱动动力;所述液压推动头固定在粉碎轮组的上方;液压推动头包括两个相对的液压缸;每个液压缸的活塞杆上设有推头;液压动力使两个推头对压并压紧其两者间的物体。
优选的是,所述尾气净化装置包括箱体、滤管组、风扇;所述箱体内隔断成上下方向来回盘旋的气道;在气道内设有滤管组;所述滤管组由多根滤管平行设置组成;滤管的轴向与气体的流向平行;在箱体上设有风扇;风扇产生的
风向垂直于滤管的轴向;在所述箱体的底部还设有隔尘槽;所述隔尘槽内添加液态水;所述气道内的气流流经隔尘槽的液态水。
优选的是,所述粉碎发酵桶包括桶体、粉碎刀盘;所述桶体内设有转轴;在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘;桶体的外壁上还设有多个贯穿外壁并沿粉碎桶径向水平进给的水平刀;所述水平刀的前端刀刃高于粉碎刀盘并紧邻粉碎刀盘;所述液压翻盖包括翻盖、弧形连杆、直连杆、提升油缸;所述翻盖覆盖在出料口上;翻盖与桶体的外壁通过铰链连接;弧形连杆的一端固定在翻盖上,其另一端通过直连杆连接提升油缸的活塞杆。
优选的是,所述垃圾翻斗装置包括所述导向轨道、所述翻斗架、顶升液压缸、所述卸料漏斗;所述翻斗架包括前单元和后单元;前单元顶部固定所述卸料漏斗;后单元底部设有放置垃圾桶的托板;前单元和后单元之间设有弹簧使前单元和后单元产生相对滑动;前单元上设有用于压住垃圾桶口的卸料槽;弹簧的形变力使托板和卸料槽夹紧垃圾桶;所述导向轨道上设有顶升液压缸;所述顶升液压缸推动翻斗架沿着导向轨道升降;在翻斗架与导向轨道之间还设有所述轨道轮;所述卸料漏斗包括漏斗体和所述盖板;所述盖板的一端通过所述推杆与所述托架连接,其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体上;所述推杆的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架、盖板连接。
本发明的有益效果是:提供一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,其适用于大型的垃圾处理环境中,尤其是可以一次性处理大量的垃圾。通过液压动力的输送装置将垃圾桶内的垃圾自动倒入处理设备中,经过粉碎处理后再对垃圾进一步粉碎发酵,使大体积的垃圾最终处理成干燥的粉末状。垃圾体积减少50%,垃圾含水量降低80%,垃圾重量降低40%,极大程度的提高了垃圾处理的效果。
图1是本发明一种生活垃圾减量处理设备的主要结构示意图;
图2是生活垃圾减量处理设备的外形图;
图3是垃圾翻斗装置的结构示意图;
图4是咬合粉碎装置和垃圾粉碎发酵装置的结构示意图;
图5是咬合粉碎装置的内部结构示意图;
图6是粉碎发酵桶的内部结构示意图;
图7是尾气净化装置的结构示意图;
图8是尾气净化装置的内部结构示意图;
附图中各部件的标记如下:1、垃圾翻斗装置;2、咬合粉碎装置;3、垃圾粉碎发酵装置;4、尾气净化装置;5、机架;6、电控箱;7、垃圾桶;8、废气管;11、导向轨道;12、卸料漏斗;13、翻斗架;14、轨道轮;15、前单元;16、后单元;17、托板;18、卸料槽;19、弹簧;121、漏斗体;122、盖板;123、推杆;21、圆刀盘;22、齿轮;23、电机;24、变速箱;25、液压缸;26、推头;31、粉碎发酵桶;32、出料绞龙;33、桶体;34、桶体;35、水平刀;36、液压翻盖;361、翻盖;362、弧形连杆;363、直连杆;364、提升油缸;41、滤管组;42、箱体;43、风扇;44、滤管组。
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅附图1至8,本发明实施例包括:
一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,包括机架5、电控箱6、垃圾翻斗装置1、咬合粉碎装置2、垃圾粉碎发酵装置3和尾气净化装置4。机架1为一系列型材拼接而成,在机架5上固定上述的电控箱6、垃圾翻斗装置1、咬合粉碎装置2、垃圾粉碎发酵装置3和尾气净化装置4。设备工作时,将垃圾桶7放在垃圾翻斗
装置1上,垃圾翻斗装置1在动力的驱动下将垃圾桶7升起并翻倒,垃圾桶7内的垃圾会被倒入咬合粉碎装置2中,经过咬合粉碎装置2将块状垃圾或整体垃圾粉碎成4~6公分宽的垃圾条。粉碎后的垃圾进入垃圾粉碎发酵装置3中进行进一步的粉碎和处理,垃圾粉碎发酵装置3处理好的垃圾细颗粒被排放出来,而垃圾粉碎发酵过程中产生的气体则由尾气净化装置4处理。
垃圾翻斗装置1包括导向轨道11、卸料漏斗12、用于放置垃圾桶的翻斗架13。导向轨道11的末端通往卸料漏斗12,导向轨道11从竖直提升逐渐变成水平倾倒。翻斗架13上设有轨道轮14,翻斗架12通过轨道轮14沿着导向轨道11上升至卸料漏斗12并逐渐倾倒。翻斗架13包括可以产生相对滑动的:前单元15和后单元16,前单元15顶部固定卸料漏斗12,后单元16底部设有放置垃圾桶的托板17,前单元15上还设有用于压住垃圾桶口的卸料槽18。前单元15和后单元16之间设有弹簧使前单元15和后单元16产生相对滑动,在弹簧19的形变力作用下,托板17和卸料槽18可以夹紧垃圾桶7,防止垃圾桶7固定不稳,同时也能防止垃圾桶7在倾倒过程中渗漏垃圾。导向轨道11上设有顶升液压缸,顶升液压缸推动翻斗13架沿着导向轨道11升降。卸料漏斗12包括漏斗体121和盖板122,盖板122的一端通过推杆123与翻斗架13连接,其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体121上。推杆123的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架13、盖板122连接,推杆123的两端可以灵活的绕着铰接点转动。当翻斗架13在顶升液压缸的推动力下沿着导向轨道11滑动时,推杆123同时上升可以将卸料漏斗12的盖板122同时推开;反之,翻斗架13下降时,推杆123则拉着卸料漏斗12的盖板122闭合。这种联动方式可以实现自动翻料和自动开盖,解决了人工或者多动力设计,解决了设备成本。
卸料漏斗12的出口通往咬合粉碎装置2,咬合粉碎装置2包括粉碎轮组和
液压推动头,液压推动头位于粉碎轮组与卸料漏斗12的出口之间。粉碎轮组外部设有壳体,粉碎轮组包括轴向平行的两根粉碎轴。两根粉碎轴通过轴承件固定在壳体内,粉碎轴上套装有多个圆刀盘21,两根粉碎轴上的圆刀盘21依次间隔穿插设置。在圆刀盘21的回转表面上还设有凸起的刀头,在壳体上也设有相应凸起的刀头与粉碎刀盘间隔穿插设置,相互穿插的粉碎刀盘可以将块状垃圾分隔撕裂成条状垃圾。两根粉碎轴之间通过轴端处的齿轮22啮合传动,至少有一根粉碎轴连接电机23和变速箱24。液压推动头固定在粉碎轮组的上方,液压推动头包括两个相对的液压缸25。每个液压缸25的活塞杆上设有推头26,液压动力使两个推头26对压并压紧其两者间的物体。因为当垃圾不断的向粉碎轮组掉落时,体积较大或者垃圾湿度较大会使垃圾对接在粉碎轮组的上方,并形成“拱桥”状堆积,难以落入粉碎轮组之间,所以通过液压推动头可以将架空堆积的垃圾压扁,方便其落入粉碎轮组中破碎。
咬合粉碎装置2的出口通往垃圾粉碎发酵装置3,垃圾粉碎发酵装置3包括粉碎发酵桶31和出料绞龙32。粉碎发酵桶包括双层的桶体33、粉碎刀盘34,在桶体33内设有转轴,在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘34。通过粉碎刀盘34的高速转动来将垃圾进一步的粉碎,但是该粉碎结构很常见。所以,在桶体的外壁上还设有多个贯穿外壁并沿粉碎桶径向水平进给的水平刀35,水平刀35的前端刀刃高于粉碎刀盘34并紧邻粉碎刀盘34。具体方案是:桶体33的外壁上设有四个贯穿桶壁并沿桶体径向设置的导套,每个导套内配合有一个水平刀35。水平刀35沿着导套在桶体的径向上水平进给,水平刀35与导套通过连接键与轴向斜键槽的配合来将水平刀的转动转化为直线进给运动。该粉碎结构能够将垃圾粉碎成细小颗粒,便于后续处理。粉碎发酵桶31上设有出料口,出料口外接出料绞龙。出料口上还设有液压翻盖36,液压翻盖36包括翻盖361、弧形连杆362、
直连杆363、提升油缸364。翻盖361覆盖在出料口上,翻盖361与桶体33的外壁通过铰链连接,弧形连杆362的一端固定在翻盖361上,其另一端通过直连杆363连接提升油缸364的活塞杆。通过提升油缸364的竖直拉力,直连杆363与弧形连杆362的配合使得翻盖361可以绕着铰接点打开。反之,提升油缸的竖直推力则使翻盖绕着铰接点关闭。通过该传动方式,来实现出料口处的自动开合,实现智能和自动化的要求。粉碎后的垃圾从出料口排出,随着螺旋状叶片的转动,粉末状的垃圾由出料绞龙进行脱水和排出。
在粉碎发酵桶31的顶部连接有废气管8,废气管8通往尾气净化装置4。尾气净化装置4包括按上下方向盘设的气道,在气道内设有滤管组44,气道流经隔尘槽42后排出。尾气净化装置4包括箱体41、滤管组44、风扇43,箱体41内隔断成上下方向来回盘旋的气道。气道的入口位于箱体的顶部,气流从上往下流动后转向并向上方流动,以盘旋方式增加流道的长度。在气道内设有滤管组44,滤管组由多根滤管平行设置组成。滤管的轴向与气体的流向平行,滤管内填充有吸附气味的填充物。在箱体的底部还设有隔尘槽42,隔尘槽42内添加液态水。当气道内的气流向下盘旋到气道底部时,气流就会流经隔尘槽42的液态水,穿过液态水后从转入另一方向流动。通过该方式可以将气流内的悬浮颗粒物吸附到水中,而且可以过滤掉一些溶于水的刺激性气味,气道一定的净化作用。在箱体上设有风扇,风扇产生的风向垂直于滤管的轴向。风扇43设有两个;两个风扇43竖直并列,通过风扇43不断的向滤管吹入气流起到一定的净化作用,同时在箱体上设有透气口使得空气流通。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (5)
- 一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,其特征在于:包括垃圾翻斗装置、咬合粉碎装置、垃圾粉碎发酵装置和尾气净化装置;所述垃圾翻斗装置包括导向轨道、卸料漏斗、用于放置垃圾桶的翻斗架;翻斗架通过轨道轮的作用沿着导向轨道上升至卸料漏斗并逐渐倾倒;翻斗架与卸料漏斗上的盖板通过推杆联动;翻斗架上升并向卸料漏斗翻倒的同时所述推杆顶开卸料漏斗上的盖板;所述卸料漏斗的出口通往咬合粉碎装置;所述咬合粉碎装置包括粉碎轮组和液压推动头;所述液压推动头位于粉碎轮组与卸料漏斗的出口之间;所述咬合粉碎装置的出口通往所述垃圾粉碎发酵装置;所述垃圾粉碎发酵装置包括粉碎发酵桶和出料绞龙;粉碎发酵桶上设有出料口;所述出料口外接所述出料绞龙;所述出料口上还设有液压翻盖;所述粉碎发酵桶的顶部连接有废气管;所述废气管通往所述尾气净化装置;所述尾气净化装置包括按上下方向盘设的气道;所述气道内设有滤管组;所述气道流经隔尘槽后排出。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,其特征在于:所述粉碎轮组外部设有壳体,粉碎轮组包括轴向平行的两根粉碎轴;两根粉碎轴通过轴承件固定在壳体内;两根粉碎轴之间通过轴端处的齿轮啮合传动;所述粉碎轴上套装有多个圆刀盘;两根粉碎轴上的圆刀盘依次间隔穿插设置;至少有一根粉碎轴连接驱动动力;所述液压推动头固定在粉碎轮组的上方;液压推动头包括两个相对的液压缸;每个液压缸的活塞杆上设有推头;液压动力使两个推头对压并压紧其两者间的物体。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,其特征在于:所述尾气净化装置包括箱体、滤管组、风扇;所述箱体内隔断成上下方向来回盘旋的气道;在气道内设有滤管组;所述滤管组由多根滤管平行设置组成;滤管的轴向与气体的流向平行;在箱体上设有风扇;风扇产生的风向垂直于滤管 的轴向;在所述箱体的底部还设有隔尘槽;所述隔尘槽内添加液态水;所述气道内的气流流经隔尘槽的液态水。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,其特征在于:所述粉碎发酵桶包括桶体、粉碎刀盘;所述桶体内设有转轴;在转轴上安装粉碎刀盘;桶体的外壁上还设有多个贯穿外壁并沿粉碎桶径向水平进给的水平刀;所述水平刀的前端刀刃高于粉碎刀盘并紧邻粉碎刀盘;所述液压翻盖包括翻盖、弧形连杆、直连杆、提升油缸;所述翻盖覆盖在出料口上;翻盖与桶体的外壁通过铰链连接;弧形连杆的一端固定在翻盖上,其另一端通过直连杆连接提升油缸的活塞杆。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种生活垃圾减量处理设备,其特征在于:所述垃圾翻斗装置包括所述导向轨道、所述翻斗架、顶升液压缸、所述卸料漏斗;所述翻斗架包括前单元和后单元;前单元顶部固定所述卸料漏斗;后单元底部设有放置垃圾桶的托板;前单元和后单元之间设有弹簧使前单元和后单元产生相对滑动;前单元上设有用于压住垃圾桶口的卸料槽;弹簧的形变力使托板和卸料槽夹紧垃圾桶;所述导向轨道上设有顶升液压缸;所述顶升液压缸推动翻斗架沿着导向轨道升降;在翻斗架与导向轨道之间还设有所述轨道轮;所述卸料漏斗包括漏斗体和所述盖板;所述盖板的一端通过所述推杆与所述托架连接,其另一端通过铰链固定在漏斗体上;所述推杆的两端均通过铰接方式与翻斗架、盖板连接。
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