WO2018120137A1 - 用于工业机器人的平衡系统及工业机器人 - Google Patents

用于工业机器人的平衡系统及工业机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120137A1
WO2018120137A1 PCT/CN2016/113770 CN2016113770W WO2018120137A1 WO 2018120137 A1 WO2018120137 A1 WO 2018120137A1 CN 2016113770 W CN2016113770 W CN 2016113770W WO 2018120137 A1 WO2018120137 A1 WO 2018120137A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydraulic cylinder
industrial robot
energy storage
pressure oil
cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/113770
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张鹏飞
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深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司 filed Critical 深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2016/113770 priority Critical patent/WO2018120137A1/zh
Priority to CN201680086637.4A priority patent/CN109661295A/zh
Publication of WO2018120137A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120137A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/14Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of robot balance technology, and in particular to a balance system and an industrial robot for an industrial robot.
  • Industrial robots are multi-joint robots or multi-degree-of-freedom machines for industrial applications. They can automatically perform work. They are machines that rely on their own power and control to achieve various functions. They are motor-driven motion devices.
  • the heavy-duty industrial robot (loading more than 90kg) has a relatively large two-axis load. A reasonable balancing device can make the two-axis load more balanced, the motor selection is more reasonable, and the industrial robot has better motion performance.
  • the balance system of the existing industrial robot generally has three modes: gravity type, spring type, and hydraulic type.
  • the gravity type uses a counterweight to balance the two-axis load;
  • the spring type uses multiple sets of springs to balance the two-axis load;
  • the hydraulic type uses a combination of hydraulic and bladder-type accumulators to balance the two-axis load.
  • the gravity balance system generally has a large weight, which greatly increases the quality of the industrial robot
  • the spring type balance system device has a large mass. When a spring type balance system is used, it is generally required to use multiple sets of spring combinations. The design scheme is complicated, and the life of the spring is limited by the number of reciprocations, and the system often needs maintenance;
  • the hydraulic balance system generally adopts the combination of hydraulic cylinder and double accumulator.
  • the hydraulic system When hydraulic type is used, the hydraulic system generally needs to provide pressure of 20 MPa or more, which has the risk of leakage, and when the selected accumulator is large in volume, the balance device Interference may occur with the two-axis motion space.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a balance system and an industrial robot for an industrial robot, which can realize the function of balancing the two-axis load lightly, and has low performance requirements for the energy storage component, and is convenient to install and does not bring Come to exercise interference.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a balancing system for an industrial robot, comprising:
  • a hydraulic device including a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is disposed on a base of the industrial robot, one end of the piston rod is inserted in the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the piston rod is Mechanical arm connection of an industrial robot;
  • An energy storage device connected to the hydraulic cylinder
  • An elastic device disposed in the hydraulic cylinder
  • hydraulic cylinder comprises:
  • a baffle disposed in a cavity of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder and coupled to one end of the piston rod to move with movement of the piston rod, and dividing a cavity of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder into There are rod chambers and rodless chambers.
  • the energy storage device comprises:
  • a cylinder of the energy storage device wherein a pressure oil chamber is disposed therein;
  • An air bag disposed in the pressure oil chamber
  • the pressure oil chamber in the energy storage device communicates with the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic device to be in the hydraulic cylinder when the mechanical arm of the industrial robot moves in the first direction Pressure oil flows into the pressure oil chamber to compress the air bag to store energy to the energy storage device; when the mechanical arm of the industrial robot moves in the second direction, the pressure oil Pressure oil in the chamber flows into the hydraulic cylinder, which expands to cause the energy storage device to release energy.
  • the elastic device is disposed in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and is sleeved on the piston rod, one end of the elastic device is in contact with the baffle, and the other end of the elastic device is in contact with the On the side of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder;
  • the pressure oil chamber in the energy storage device communicates with the rod cavity in the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is integrally formed with the cylinder of the energy storage device to integrate the hydraulic cylinder and the energy storage device.
  • the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a connection port corresponding to the position of the rod cavity, so that the rod cavity communicates with the pressure oil chamber in the energy storage device; and the hydraulic cylinder
  • the cylinder body is provided with a gas filtering port at a position corresponding to the rodless cavity, so that the rodless cavity communicates with the outside.
  • the cylinder of the energy storage device is provided with an airbag inflation port and a pressure oil discharge port, wherein the airbag inflation port is connected with the airbag to be the airbag pre-inflator, the pressure oil discharge port It is connected to the pressure oil chamber to pre-charge, bleed and replenish the pressure oil.
  • the elastic device is a pressure spring.
  • the industrial robot has a load of 90 kg or more.
  • an industrial robot including a base, a robot arm, a joint, and a balance system, and the joint is disposed between the base and the mechanical arm.
  • the balance system is disposed at the joint, and the balance system comprises:
  • a hydraulic device including a hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is disposed on a base of the industrial robot, one end of the piston rod is inserted in the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the piston rod is Mechanical arm connection of an industrial robot;
  • An energy storage device connected to the hydraulic cylinder
  • An elastic device disposed in the hydraulic cylinder
  • hydraulic cylinder comprises:
  • a baffle disposed in a cavity of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder and coupled to one end of the piston rod to move with movement of the piston rod, and dividing a cavity of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder into There are rod chambers and rodless chambers.
  • the energy storage device comprises:
  • a cylinder of the energy storage device wherein a pressure oil chamber is disposed therein;
  • An air bag disposed in the pressure oil chamber
  • the pressure oil chamber in the energy storage device communicates with the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic device to be in the hydraulic cylinder when the mechanical arm of the industrial robot moves in the first direction Pressure oil flows into the pressure oil chamber to compress the air bag to store energy to the energy storage device; when the mechanical arm of the industrial robot moves in the second direction, the pressure oil Pressure oil in the chamber flows into the hydraulic cylinder, which expands to cause the energy storage device to release energy.
  • the elastic device is disposed in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and is sleeved on the piston rod, one end of the elastic device is in contact with the baffle, and the other end of the elastic device is in contact with the On the side of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder;
  • the pressure oil chamber in the energy storage device communicates with the rod cavity in the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is integrally formed with the cylinder of the energy storage device to integrate the hydraulic cylinder and the energy storage device.
  • the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a connection port corresponding to the position of the rod cavity, so that the rod cavity communicates with the pressure oil chamber in the energy storage device; and the hydraulic cylinder
  • the cylinder body is provided with a gas filtering port at a position corresponding to the rodless cavity, so that the rodless cavity communicates with the outside.
  • the cylinder of the energy storage device is provided with an airbag inflation port and a pressure oil discharge port, wherein the airbag inflation port is connected with the airbag to be the airbag pre-inflator, the pressure oil discharge port It is connected to the pressure oil chamber to pre-charge, bleed and replenish the pressure oil.
  • the elastic device is a pressure spring.
  • the industrial robot has a load of 90 kg or more.
  • the balancing system of the present invention comprises a hydraulic device, an energy storage device and an elastic device.
  • the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder Injecting into an energy storage device to store energy to the energy storage device while the elastic device is deformed to store energy;
  • the pressure oil in the energy storage device It flows into the hydraulic cylinder to release the energy stored in the energy storage device while the elastic device recovers to release the energy stored in the elastic device.
  • the pressure of the hydraulic system and the elastic device are basically balanced, that is, the hydraulic pressure and the elasticity of the elastic device are basically maintained at the same level, and the effect is equivalent.
  • the load of the two-axis motor will be significantly balanced, the two-axis motor model can be smaller and the motion performance is better;
  • the simple hydraulic balance system the balance The system has a partial pressure of the elastic device, so the hydraulic pressure value is smaller and the sealing requirements are lower;
  • the simple spring-type balancing system since the hydraulic system is divided, the elastic device does not need to adopt multiple sets of designs, and the hydraulic oil Lubrication and rust protection for the elastic device will increase the service life. In this way, the function of balancing the two-axis load is realized lightly, and the performance of the energy storage component is not high, and the installation is convenient, and no motion interference is caused.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a balancing system for an industrial robot according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a balancing system for an industrial robot according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an industrial robot of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a balance system and an industrial robot for an industrial robot, which can realize the function of balancing the two-axis load lightly, and has low performance requirements for the energy storage component, and is convenient to install and does not bring motion interference. .
  • the details are described below separately.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a balancing system for an industrial robot according to the present invention.
  • the balancing system for an industrial robot includes a hydraulic device 1, an energy storage device 2, and an elastic device 3.
  • the hydraulic device 1 includes a hydraulic cylinder 12 and a piston rod 13, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 12 is disposed on a base of the industrial robot, one end of the piston rod 13 is inserted in the hydraulic cylinder 12, and the other end of the piston rod 13 is connected to the mechanical arm of the industrial robot.
  • the energy storage device 2 is in communication with the hydraulic cylinder 12; the elastic device 3 is disposed in the hydraulic cylinder 12.
  • the piston rod 13 is movable within the hydraulic cylinder 12, and when the piston rod 13 moves, the mechanical arm of the industrial robot is moved together.
  • the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder 12 is injected into the energy storage device 2 to store the energy to the energy storage device 2, and the elastic device 3 is deformed to store energy;
  • the pressure oil in the energy storage device 2 flows into the hydraulic cylinder 12 to release the energy stored in the energy storage device 2, while the elastic device 3 recovers the deformation.
  • the energy storage device 2 and the elastic device 3 respectively store energy and share the same, ensuring that the two energy storage devices can easily achieve balanced two-axis load compared to the individual energy storage device. Function, and the performance requirements of the energy storage components are not high, and the installation is convenient, and will not bring motion interference.
  • the balance system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a hydraulic device 1, an energy storage device 2, and an elastic device 3.
  • the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder 12 is injected into the energy storage device 2 to The energy is stored to the energy storage device 2 while the elastic device 3 is deformed to store energy;
  • the pressure oil in the energy storage device 2 flows into the hydraulic cylinder 12, The energy stored in the energy storage device 2 is released while the elastic device 3 is restored to release the energy stored in the elastic device 3.
  • the pressure of the hydraulic system and the elastic device are basically balanced, that is, the hydraulic pressure and the elasticity of the elastic device are basically maintained at the same level, and the effect is equivalent.
  • the load of the two-axis motor will be significantly balanced, the two-axis motor model can be smaller and the motion performance is better;
  • the simple hydraulic balance system the balance The system has a partial pressure of the elastic device, so the hydraulic pressure value is smaller and the sealing requirements are lower;
  • the simple spring-type balancing system since the hydraulic system is divided, the elastic device does not need to adopt multiple sets of designs, and the hydraulic oil Lubrication and rust protection for the elastic device will increase the service life. In this way, the function of balancing the two-axis load can be realized lightly, and the performance of the energy storage component is not high, and the installation is convenient, and no motion interference is caused.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 12 includes a cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 and a baffle 122.
  • a cylinder is disposed in the cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12; the baffle 122 is disposed in the cavity of the cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 and is coupled to one end of the piston rod 13 to move with the movement of the piston rod 13, and to hydraulically
  • the cavity of the cylinder 121 of the cylinder 12 is divided into a rod cavity 1211 and a rodless cavity 1212.
  • the energy storage device 2 includes a cylinder 21 of the energy storage device 2 and an air bag 22 .
  • a pressure oil chamber 211 is disposed in the cylinder 21 of the energy storage device 2; the air bag 22 is disposed in the pressure oil chamber 211; wherein the pressure oil chamber 211 in the energy storage device 2 communicates with the hydraulic cylinder 12 in the hydraulic device 1 to When the mechanical arm of the industrial robot moves in the first direction, the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder 12 flows into the pressure oil chamber 211, thereby compressing the air bag 22 to store energy to the energy storage device 2; on the mechanical arm of the industrial robot When moving in the second direction, the pressure oil in the pressure oil chamber 211 flows into the hydraulic cylinder 12, and the airbag expands to cause the energy storage device 2 to release energy.
  • the rod chamber 1211 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is filled with pressurized oil; the elastic device 3 is disposed in the rod chamber 1211 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 and sleeved on the piston rod 13, and one end of the elastic device 3 is in contact with the baffle 122. The other end of the elastic device 3 is in contact with the side surface of the cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12; the pressure oil chamber 211 in the accumulator 2 communicates with the rod chamber 1211 in the hydraulic cylinder 12.
  • the cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is integrally formed with the cylinder 21 of the energy storage device 2 to integrate the hydraulic cylinder 12 and the energy storage device 2.
  • the energy storage device 2 can be externally placed, and the elastic device 3 can be built in.
  • the structural schematic diagram of the combined form is shown in FIG. 2, and the same reference numerals denote the same names, and the related contents are detailed. Please refer to the above content, and will not be described here.
  • the external energy storage device 2 is not limited to one depending on the time. Its working principle and working mode are consistent with the structural scheme shown in Figure 1, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is provided with a connection port 1213 corresponding to the rod cavity 1211, so that the rod cavity 1211 communicates with the pressure oil chamber 211 in the energy storage device 2; and the cylinder 121 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 A filter port 1214 is provided at a position corresponding to the rodless chamber 1212 so that the rodless chamber 1212 communicates with the outside.
  • the cylinder 21 of the energy storage device 2 is provided with an air bag inflation port 212 and a pressure oil discharge port 213, wherein the air bag inflation port 212 is connected with the air bag 22 to pre-inflate the air bag 22, and the pressure oil discharge port 213 and the pressure
  • the oil chamber 211 is connected to pre-charge, bleed and replenish the pressurized oil.
  • the elastic device 3 is a compression spring.
  • the load of industrial robots is 90 kg and above.
  • the balancing system is mounted at the joint of an industrial robot.
  • the balance system can convert the gravity potential energy of the robot body into the pressure energy of the hydraulic and elastic device; when the motor drives the robot joint to move in the second direction, the balance system can store The pressure can be released and converted into the gravitational potential energy of the robot body.
  • the above balancing system basically balances the pressure of the hydraulic system with the pressure of the elastic device, that is, the hydraulic pressure and the elasticity of the elastic device are basically maintained at the same level, and the effect is equivalent, and is not dominated by any one.
  • the specific work methods are as follows:
  • the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the balancing system hydraulic device 1 is connected to the base of the robot, and the piston rod 13 is connected to the boom; the energy storage device 2 is pre-charged with a certain pressure value, and the pressure value depends on the design requirement, and the compression elastic device 3 is always in a compressed state.
  • the rod cavity 1211 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is always in a high pressure state, forming a pulling force on the big arm to reduce the load of the two-axis motor; when the boom moves in the first direction (for example, moving downward), the pressure The oil is pressed into the energy storage device 3, thereby compressing the air bag 22, storing energy, while the elastic device 3 is compressed to store energy; when the boom moves in the second direction (for example, moving upward), the air bag 22 and the elastic device 3 simultaneously emit energy.
  • the load of the two-axis motor is obviously balanced, and the two-axis motor model can be smaller and the motion performance is better.
  • the balance system has a partial pressure of the elastic device, so the hydraulic pressure value is smaller and the sealing requirements are lower; compared with the simple spring balance system, the elastic device is divided by the hydraulic system. There is no need to adopt multiple sets of designs, and the hydraulic oil has lubrication and rust protection for the elastic device, which will increase the service life.
  • the mass of the gravity balance system and the spring balance system are light
  • the internal pressure is lower than that of the hydraulic balance system alone, which is beneficial to improve the sealing performance
  • the hydraulic oil has the function of lubrication and rust protection to improve the service life of the spring
  • the energy storage device is built in the hydraulic cylinder, and the integration degree is high, the volume is small, and the installation is more convenient;
  • the balance system is easy to install, with clear interface and convenient maintenance.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an industrial robot according to the present invention.
  • the industrial robot includes a base 100, a robot arm 200, a joint 300, and a balance system 400.
  • the joint 300 is disposed on the base 100 and the robot arm 200.
  • the balancing system 400 is disposed at the joint 300, and the balancing system 400 is any of the balancing systems described above.
  • the balancing system 400 is any of the balancing systems described above. For details, refer to the description of the balancing system described above, and no further description is provided herein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于工业机器人的平衡系统,其包括:液压装置(1),其包括液压缸(12)和活塞杆(13),其中液压缸(12)设置在工业机器人的底座上,活塞杆(13)的一端插设在液压缸(12)内,活塞杆(13)的另一端与工业机器人的机械臂连接;蓄能装置(2),与液压缸(12)相连通;弹性装置(3),设置在液压缸(12)内;其中,当工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,液压缸(12)中的压力油注入至蓄能装置(2),以将能量储存至蓄能装置(2),同时弹性装置(3)产生形变以储存能量;当工业机器人的机械臂沿与第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,蓄能装置(2)中的压力油流入液压缸(12),以释放储存在蓄能装置(2)中的能量,同时弹性装置(3)恢复形变,以释放储存在弹性装置(3)中的能量。通过上述方式,能够轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉。还涉及一种使用该平衡系统的工业机器人。

Description

用于工业机器人的平衡系统及工业机器人
【技术领域】
本发明涉及机器人平衡技术领域,特别是涉及一种用于工业机器人的平衡系统及工业机器人。
【背景技术】
工业机器人是面向工业领域的多关节机械手或多自由度的机器装置,它能自动执行工作,是靠自身动力和控制能力来实现各种功能的一种机器;它是由电机驱动的运动装置。重型工业机器人(负载90kg以上)的二轴负载相对较大,合理的平衡装置可以让二轴负载更均衡,电机选型更合理,工业机器人的运动性能更好。
现有技术中,现有工业机器人的平衡系统一般有三种方式:重力式、弹簧式以及液压式。重力式采用配重来平衡二轴负载;弹簧式采用多组弹簧来平衡二轴负载;液压式采用液压和气囊式蓄能器的组合形式来平衡二轴负载。
对于现有的三种平衡系统,都存在不同的缺点:
重力式平衡系统一般配重很大,极大增加了工业机器人整机质量;
弹簧式平衡系统装置质量较大,单纯采用弹簧式平衡系统时一般需选用多组弹簧组合形式,设计方案复杂,且弹簧的寿命受往复次数限制,系统经常需要维护;
液压式平衡系统一般采用液压缸加双蓄能器的组合形式,单纯采用液压式时一般需要液压系统提供20MPa以上的压力,有泄漏风险,且当所选蓄能器体积较大时,平衡装置与二轴运动空间可能发生干涉。
由此可见,提供一种能够轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉的工业机器人尤为重要。
【发明内容】
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于工业机器人的平衡系统及工业机器人,能够轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是:提供一种用于工业机器人的平衡系统,包括:
液压装置,其包括液压缸和活塞杆,其中所述液压缸设置在所述工业机器人的底座上,所述活塞杆的一端插设在所述液压缸内,所述活塞杆的另一端与所述工业机器人的机械臂连接;
蓄能装置,与所述液压缸相连通;
弹性装置,设置在所述液压缸内;
其中,当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油注入至所述蓄能装置,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置,同时所述弹性装置产生形变以储存能量;当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,所述蓄能装置中的压力油流入所述液压缸,以释放储存在所述蓄能装置中的能量,同时所述弹性装置恢复形变,以释放储存在所述弹性装置中的能量。
其中,所述液压缸包括:
液压缸的缸体,其内设置有腔体;
挡板,其设置在所述液压缸的缸体的腔体内且与所述活塞杆的一端连接以随着所述活塞杆的运动而运动,并将所述液压缸的缸体的腔体分成有杆腔和无杆腔。
其中,所述蓄能装置包括:
蓄能装置的缸体,其内设置有压力油腔;
气囊,设置在所述压力油腔内;
其中,所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压装置中的所述液压缸相通,以在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油流入至所述压力油腔内,从而压缩所述气囊,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置;在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第二方向运动时,所述压力油腔中的压力油流入至所述液压缸中,所述气囊膨胀,以使所述蓄能装置释放能量。
其中,所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔填充有压力油;
所述弹性装置设置在所述液压缸的有杆腔内且套设在所述活塞杆上,所述弹性装置的一端抵触在所述挡板上,所述弹性装置的另一端抵触在所述液压缸的缸体的侧面上;
所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔相通。
其中,所述液压缸的缸体与所述蓄能装置的缸体一体成型以使液压缸和所述蓄能装置集成在一起。
其中,所述液压缸的缸体对应所述有杆腔的位置处开设有连接口,以使所述有杆腔与所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔相通;而所述液压缸的缸体对应所述无杆腔的位置处设置有滤气口,以使所述无杆腔与外界相通。
其中,所述蓄能装置的缸体上开设有气囊充气口和压力油泄放口,其中,所述气囊充气口与所述气囊相连以为所述气囊预充气体,所述压力油泄放口与所述压力油腔相连以预充、泄放和补充压力油。
其中,所述弹性装置为受压弹簧。
其中,所述工业机器人的负载在90公斤及以上。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的另一个技术方案是:提供一种工业机器人,其包括底座、机械臂、关节和平衡系统,所述关节设置在所述底座和所述机械臂之间,而所述平衡系统设置在所述关节处,且所述平衡系统包括:
液压装置,其包括液压缸和活塞杆,其中所述液压缸设置在所述工业机器人的底座上,所述活塞杆的一端插设在所述液压缸内,所述活塞杆的另一端与所述工业机器人的机械臂连接;
蓄能装置,与所述液压缸相连通;
弹性装置,设置在所述液压缸内;
其中,当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油注入至所述蓄能装置,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置,同时所述弹性装置产生形变以储存能量;当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,所述蓄能装置中的压力油流入所述液压缸,以释放储存在所述蓄能装置中的能量,同时所述弹性装置恢复形变,以释放储存在所述弹性装置中的能量。
其中,所述液压缸包括:
液压缸的缸体,其内设置有腔体;
挡板,其设置在所述液压缸的缸体的腔体内且与所述活塞杆的一端连接以随着所述活塞杆的运动而运动,并将所述液压缸的缸体的腔体分成有杆腔和无杆腔。
其中,所述蓄能装置包括:
蓄能装置的缸体,其内设置有压力油腔;
气囊,设置在所述压力油腔内;
其中,所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压装置中的所述液压缸相通,以在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油流入至所述压力油腔内,从而压缩所述气囊,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置;在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第二方向运动时,所述压力油腔中的压力油流入至所述液压缸中,所述气囊膨胀,以使所述蓄能装置释放能量。
其中,所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔填充有压力油;
所述弹性装置设置在所述液压缸的有杆腔内且套设在所述活塞杆上,所述弹性装置的一端抵触在所述挡板上,所述弹性装置的另一端抵触在所述液压缸的缸体的侧面上;
所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔相通。
其中,所述液压缸的缸体与所述蓄能装置的缸体一体成型以使液压缸和所述蓄能装置集成在一起。
其中,所述液压缸的缸体对应所述有杆腔的位置处开设有连接口,以使所述有杆腔与所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔相通;而所述液压缸的缸体对应所述无杆腔的位置处设置有滤气口,以使所述无杆腔与外界相通。
其中,所述蓄能装置的缸体上开设有气囊充气口和压力油泄放口,其中,所述气囊充气口与所述气囊相连以为所述气囊预充气体,所述压力油泄放口与所述压力油腔相连以预充、泄放和补充压力油。
其中,所述弹性装置为受压弹簧。
其中,所述工业机器人的负载在90公斤及以上。
本发明的有益效果是:区别于现有技术的情况,本发明的平衡系统包括液压装置、蓄能装置以及弹性装置,当工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,液压缸中的压力油注入至蓄能装置,以将能量储存至蓄能装置,同时弹性装置产生形变以储存能量;当工业机器人的机械臂沿与第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,蓄能装置中的压力油流入液压缸,以释放储存在蓄能装置中的能量,同时弹性装置恢复形变,以释放储存在弹性装置中的能量。由于将液压式平衡系统和弹簧式平衡系统组合在一起,将液压系统承压与弹性装置承压基本均衡处理,即液压力与弹性装置弹力基本保持同一数量级别,作用相当,不以任一为主;相比于没有该平衡系统的同负载级别工业机器人,二轴电机的负载会得到明显均衡,二轴电机型号可以更小,运动性能更佳;相比于单纯的液压平衡系统,该平衡系统有弹性装置分压,因此液压压力值更小,对密封要求更低;相比于单纯的弹簧式平衡系统,由于有液压系统分压,因此弹性装置不需采用多组设计,且液压油对弹性装置有润滑防锈保护作用,将提高使用寿命。通过这种方式,轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明用于工业机器人的平衡系统一实施方式的结构示意图;
图2是本发明用于工业机器人的平衡系统另一实施方式的结构示意图;
图3是本发明工业机器人一实施方式的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施方式中的附图,对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,均属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种用于工业机器人的平衡系统及工业机器人,能够轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉。以下分别进行详细描述。
请参见图1,图1是本发明用于工业机器人的平衡系统一实施方式的结构示意图。该用于工业机器人的平衡系统包括:液压装置1、蓄能装置2以及弹性装置3。
液压装置1包括液压缸12和活塞杆13,其中液压缸12设置在工业机器人的底座上,活塞杆13的一端插设在液压缸12内,活塞杆13的另一端与工业机器人的机械臂连接;蓄能装置2与液压缸12相连通;弹性装置3设置在液压缸12内。活塞杆13在液压缸12内可移动,当活塞杆13移动时,带动工业机器人的机械臂一起运动。
其中,当工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,液压缸12中的压力油注入至蓄能装置2,以将能量储存至蓄能装置2,同时弹性装置3产生形变,以储存能量;当工业机器人的机械臂沿与第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,蓄能装置2中的压力油流入液压缸12,以释放储存在蓄能装置2中的能量,同时弹性装置3恢复形变,以释放储存在弹性装置3中的能量。当机械臂沿第一方向运动时,蓄能装置2和弹性装置3均等储存能量,各自分担,保证两个储能装置相比单独的储能装置来讲,能够轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉。
本发明实施方式的平衡系统包括液压装置1、蓄能装置2以及弹性装置3,当工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,液压缸12中的压力油注入至蓄能装置2,以将能量储存至蓄能装置2,同时弹性装置3产生形变以储存能量;当工业机器人的机械臂沿与第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,蓄能装置2中的压力油流入液压缸12,以释放储存在蓄能装置2中的能量,同时弹性装置3恢复形变,以释放储存在弹性装置3中的能量。由于将液压式平衡系统和弹簧式平衡系统组合在一起,将液压系统承压与弹性装置承压基本均衡处理,即液压力与弹性装置弹力基本保持同一数量级别,作用相当,不以任一为主;相比于没有该平衡系统的同负载级别工业机器人,二轴电机的负载会得到明显均衡,二轴电机型号可以更小,运动性能更佳;相比于单纯的液压平衡系统,该平衡系统有弹性装置分压,因此液压压力值更小,对密封要求更低;相比于单纯的弹簧式平衡系统,由于有液压系统分压,因此弹性装置不需采用多组设计,且液压油对弹性装置有润滑防锈保护作用,将提高使用寿命。通过这种方式,能够轻便地实现平衡二轴负载的功能,且对蓄能部件性能要求不高,同时安装方便,不会带来运动干涉。
其中,液压缸12包括:液压缸12的缸体121和挡板122。液压缸12的缸体121内设置有腔体;挡板122设置在液压缸12的缸体121的腔体内且与活塞杆13的一端连接以随着活塞杆13的运动而运动,并将液压缸12的缸体121的腔体分成有杆腔1211和无杆腔1212。
其中,蓄能装置2包括:蓄能装置2的缸体21和气囊22。蓄能装置2的缸体21内设置有压力油腔211;气囊22设置在压力油腔211内;其中,蓄能装置2中的压力油腔211与液压装置1中的液压缸12相通,以在工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,液压缸12中的压力油流入至压力油腔211内,从而压缩气囊22,以将能量储存至蓄能装置2;在工业机器人的机械臂沿第二方向运动时,压力油腔211中的压力油流入至液压缸12中,气囊膨胀,以使蓄能装置2释放能量。
其中,液压缸12中的有杆腔1211填充有压力油;弹性装置3设置在液压缸12的有杆腔1211内且套设在活塞杆13上,弹性装置3的一端抵触在挡板122上,弹性装置3的另一端抵触在液压缸12的缸体121的侧面上;蓄能装置2中的压力油腔211与液压缸12中的有杆腔1211相通。
其中,液压缸12的缸体121与蓄能装置2的缸体21一体成型以使液压缸12和蓄能装置2集成在一起。
当然,在实际应用中,可将蓄能装置2进行外置,将弹装置3进行内置,这种组合形式的结构示意图如图2所示,相同的标号代表相同的称呼,相关内容的详细说明请参见上述内容,在此不再赘叙。此时,外置的蓄能装置2可以根据时间情况不限于1个。其工作原理与工作方式与图1所示的结构方案一致,在此不再详细叙说。
其中,液压缸12的缸体121对应有杆腔1211的位置处开设有连接口1213,以使有杆腔1211与蓄能装置2中的压力油腔211相通;而液压缸12的缸体121对应无杆腔1212的位置处设置有滤气口1214,以使无杆腔1212与外界相通。
其中,蓄能装置2的缸体21上开设有气囊充气口212和压力油泄放口213,其中,气囊充气口212与气囊22相连以为气囊22预充气体,压力油泄放口213与压力油腔211相连以预充、泄放和补充压力油。
其中,弹性装置3为受压弹簧。
其中,工业机器人的负载在90公斤及以上。
该平衡系统安装于工业机器人的关节处。当电机驱动机器人关节向第一方向运动时,平衡系统可将机器人本体的重力势能转换为液压和弹性装置的压力能存储起来;当电机驱动机器人关节向第二方向运动时,平衡系统可将存储的压力能释放出来转换为机器人本体的重力势能。
上述平衡系统,将液压系统承压与弹性装置承压基本均衡处理,即液压力与弹性装置弹力基本保持同一数量级别,作用相当,不以任一为主。具体工作方式如下:
该平衡系统液压装置1的液压缸12与机器人的底座连接,活塞杆13与大臂连接;蓄能装置2预充一定压力值,压力值大小取决于设计需求,压缩弹性装置3始终处于压缩状态,提供对负载的拉力;液压缸12的有杆腔1211始终处于高压状态,对大臂形成拉力,以减少二轴电机负载;大臂沿第一方向运动(例如:往下运动)时,压力油被压入蓄能装置3,进而压缩气囊22,储存能量,同时弹性装置3被压缩,储存能量;大臂沿第二方向运动(例如:往上运动)时,气囊22和弹性装置3同时释放能量。
上述平衡系统,相比于没有该平衡系统的同负载级别工业机器人,二轴电机的负载会得到明显均衡,二轴电机型号可以更小,运动性能更佳。相比于单纯的液压平衡系统,该平衡系统有弹性装置分压,因此液压压力值更小,对密封要求更低;相比于单纯的弹簧平衡系统,由于有液压系统分压,因此弹性装置不需采用多组设计,且液压油对弹性装置有润滑防锈保护作用,将提高使用寿命。
上述采用液压系统与弹性装置组合的平衡系统,具有如下的优点:
第一、比重力式平衡系统与弹簧式平衡系统的质量均轻;
第二、比单纯采用液压式平衡系统的内部压力小,有利于提高密封性能;
第三、比单纯采用弹簧式平衡系统,同负载级别下弹簧的负载更小,可不采用多组弹簧;
第四、液压油有润滑防锈保护作用,提高弹簧使用寿命;
第五、蓄能装置内置于液压缸,一体化程度高,体积小,更加方便安装;
第六、设计轮廓简洁,不易产生运动干涉;
第七、平衡系统整体安装方便,接口清晰,维护方便。
参见图3,图3是本发明工业机器人一实施方式的结构示意图,该工业机器人包括:底座100、机械臂200、关节300和平衡系统400,其中,关节300设置在底座100和机械臂200之间,而平衡系统400设置在关节300处,且平衡系统400为上述平衡系统中的任一平衡系统,具体内容请参见上述平衡系统的说明,在此不再赘叙。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种用于工业机器人的平衡系统,其特征在于,包括:
    液压装置,其包括液压缸和活塞杆,其中,所述液压缸设置在所述工业机器人的底座上,所述活塞杆的一端插设在所述液压缸内,所述活塞杆的另一端与所述工业机器人的机械臂连接;
    蓄能装置,与所述液压缸相连通;
    弹性装置,设置在所述液压缸内;
    其中,当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油注入至所述蓄能装置,以将能量存储至所述蓄能装置,同时所述弹性装置产生形变以储存能量;当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,所述蓄能装置中的压力油流入所述液压缸,以释放储存在所述蓄能装置中的能量,同时所述弹性装置恢复形变,以释放储存在所述弹性装置中的能量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述液压缸包括:
    液压缸的缸体,其内设置有腔体;
    挡板,其设置在所述液压缸的缸体的腔体内且与所述活塞杆的一端连接以随着所述活塞杆的运动而运动,并将所述液压缸的缸体的腔体分成有杆腔和无杆腔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述蓄能装置包括:
    蓄能装置的缸体,其内设置有压力油腔;
    气囊,设置在所述压力油腔内;
    其中,所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压装置中的所述液压缸相通,以在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油流入至所述压力油腔内,从而压缩所述气囊,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置;在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第二方向运动时,所述压力油腔中的压力油流入至所述液压缸中,所述气囊膨胀以使所述蓄能装置释放能量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔填充有压力油;
    所述弹性装置设置在所述液压缸的有杆腔内且套设在所述活塞杆上,所述弹性装置的一端抵触在所述挡板上,所述弹性装置的另一端抵触在所述液压缸的缸体的侧面上;
    所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔相通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述液压缸的缸体与所述蓄能装置的缸体一体成型以使液压缸和所述蓄能装置集成在一起。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述液压缸的缸体对应所述有杆腔的位置处开设有连接口,以使所述有杆腔与所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔相通;而所述液压缸的缸体对应所述无杆腔的位置处设置有滤气口,以使所述无杆腔与外界相通。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述蓄能装置的缸体上开设有气囊充气口和压力油泄放口,其中,所述气囊充气口与所述气囊相连以为所述气囊预充气体,所述压力油泄放口与所述压力油腔相连以预充、泄放和补充压力油。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述弹性装置为受压弹簧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的平衡系统,其特征在于,所述工业机器人的负载在90公斤及以上。
  10. 一种工业机器人,其包括底座、机械臂、关节和平衡系统,其特征在于,所述关节设置在所述底座和所述机械臂之间,而所述平衡系统设置在所述关节处,且所述平衡系统包括:
    液压装置,其包括液压缸和活塞杆,其中所述液压缸设置在所述工业机器人的底座上,所述活塞杆的一端插设在所述液压缸内,所述活塞杆的另一端与所述工业机器人的机械臂连接;
    蓄能装置,与所述液压缸相连通;
    弹性装置,设置在所述液压缸内;
    其中,当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油注入至所述蓄能装置,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置,同时所述弹性装置产生形变以储存能量;当所述工业机器人的机械臂沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向运动时,所述蓄能装置中的压力油流入所述液压缸,以释放储存在所述蓄能装置中的能量,同时所述弹性装置恢复形变,以释放储存在所述弹性装置中的能量。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述液压缸包括:
    液压缸的缸体,其内设置有腔体;
    挡板,其设置在所述液压缸的缸体的腔体内且与所述活塞杆的一端连接以随着所述活塞杆的运动而运动,并将所述液压缸的缸体的腔体分成有杆腔和无杆腔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述蓄能装置包括:
    蓄能装置的缸体,其内设置有压力油腔;
    气囊,设置在所述压力油腔内;
    其中,所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压装置中的所述液压缸相通,以在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第一方向运动时,所述液压缸中的压力油流入至所述压力油腔内,从而压缩所述气囊,以将能量储存至所述蓄能装置;在所述工业机器人的机械臂沿所述第二方向运动时,所述压力油腔中的压力油流入至所述液压缸中,所述气囊膨胀,以使所述蓄能装置释放能量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔填充有压力油;
    所述弹性装置设置在所述液压缸的有杆腔内且套设在所述活塞杆上,所述弹性装置的一端抵触在所述挡板上,所述弹性装置的另一端抵触在所述液压缸的缸体的侧面上;
    所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔与所述液压缸中的所述有杆腔相通。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述液压缸的缸体与所述蓄能装置的缸体一体成型以使液压缸和所述蓄能装置集成在一起。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述液压缸的缸体对应所述有杆腔的位置处开设有连接口,以使所述有杆腔与所述蓄能装置中的所述压力油腔相通;而所述液压缸的缸体对应所述无杆腔的位置处设置有滤气口,以使所述无杆腔与外界相通。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述蓄能装置的缸体上开设有气囊充气口和压力油泄放口,其中,所述气囊充气口与所述气囊相连以为所述气囊预充气体,所述压力油泄放口与所述压力油腔相连以预充、泄放和补充压力油。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的工业机器人,其特征在于,所述弹性装置为受压弹簧。
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的工业机器人,其中其特征在于,所述工业机器人的负载在90公斤及以上。
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