WO2018120004A1 - 柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法 - Google Patents

柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120004A1
WO2018120004A1 PCT/CN2016/113440 CN2016113440W WO2018120004A1 WO 2018120004 A1 WO2018120004 A1 WO 2018120004A1 CN 2016113440 W CN2016113440 W CN 2016113440W WO 2018120004 A1 WO2018120004 A1 WO 2018120004A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
substrate
polymer
array substrate
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PCT/CN2016/113440
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐岳军
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武汉华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US15/327,124 priority Critical patent/US20180210258A1/en
Publication of WO2018120004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120004A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal display, and in particular relates to a flexible liquid crystal display and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the unevenness of the thickness of the liquid crystal cell due to the unevenness of the stress applied to the bent portion at both ends causes the unevenness of the thickness of the liquid crystal cell.
  • the d1 and d2 at both ends are not equal to d at the intermediate portion.
  • the upper and lower substrates each have a certain thickness, when the bending is large, the upper and lower substrates may be misaligned. Misalignment and uneven thickness of the liquid crystal cell can result in degradation of display quality, such as unevenness in brightness of the curved portion of the display and the two ends of the display, and unevenness in color tone of the display.
  • One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is that when the flexible/curved/flexible/foldable liquid crystal display is bent, the cell gap is caused by the unevenness of the stress at the bent portion gradually decreasing toward both ends. Uneven.
  • the embodiment of the present application first provides a flexible liquid crystal display, including an array substrate and a opposite substrate.
  • the array substrate and the opposite substrate are encapsulated with liquid crystal, and the array substrate is provided with a black matrix; a polymer connection junction is disposed in an occlusion region corresponding to the black matrix
  • the polymer connection structure is respectively connected to the array substrate and the opposite substrate for fixing the array substrate and the opposite substrate when the flexible liquid crystal display is bent.
  • the polymer connecting structure is formed by polymerizing a liquid crystal doped with an ultraviolet polymerizable monomer under irradiation of ultraviolet light.
  • a support column is further disposed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, the polymer connection structure is disposed at the support column, and the polymer connection structure is wrapped on an outer surface of the support column on.
  • a support column is further disposed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and the polymer connection structure is disposed in an occlusion region of the black matrix except the support column.
  • the polymer connecting structure is a columnar supporting structure or a wall-shaped supporting structure.
  • the polymer connection structure is disposed in a total occlusion region corresponding to the black matrix, and the polymer connection structure wraps the support column inside thereof.
  • the polymer connection structure is disposed in a partial occlusion region corresponding to the black matrix, the polymer connection structure is a wall-like support structure parallel to each other, and a long edge of the wall-shaped support structure is along The bending direction setting of the flexible liquid crystal display.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a method for fabricating a flexible liquid crystal display, comprising: forming a black matrix on an array substrate; assembling the array substrate and the opposite substrate into a liquid crystal cell, and injecting liquid crystal into the array substrate; a liquid crystal layer is disposed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and the liquid crystal is doped with an ultraviolet polymerization monomer; a photomask is disposed on an outer surface of the opposite substrate, and the light shielding region of the photomask covers the liquid crystal cell An area to be irradiated; the liquid crystal cell is irradiated from the opposite substrate by ultraviolet light, and the ultraviolet polymerization monomer is polymerized to form a polymer connection structure.
  • the photomask comprises a metal mask or a photomask made of a photoresist or a black photoresist to which an ultraviolet absorber is added.
  • the ultraviolet polymerizable monomer comprises an ultraviolet epoxy resin.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art when a flexible/curved/flexible/foldable liquid crystal display is bent;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flexible liquid crystal display according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the distribution of a polymer connecting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • 4a and 4b are schematic views showing the distribution of a polymer connecting structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5 and 6 are schematic views showing the distribution of a polymer connecting structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the distribution of a polymer connecting structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a method of fabricating a flexible liquid crystal display according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9a-9c are schematic diagrams showing a combination of upper/lower substrates of a flexible liquid crystal display according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure/sequence of a film layer of a BOA substrate and a contralateral substrate according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11a and 11b are schematic views showing a polymer connecting structure using a photomask and ultraviolet light according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a panel of an application terminal of a flexible liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the present invention proposes a liquid crystal display having a polymer connecting structure, which will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flexible liquid crystal display according to a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a structure perpendicular to a cross section of the liquid crystal display.
  • the flexible liquid crystal display in the embodiment of the present invention includes the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, and the liquid crystal 3 is packaged between the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, wherein the array substrate 1 is BOA. (BM on Array) substrate.
  • the array substrate 1 is BOA. (BM on Array) substrate.
  • the black matrix is a structure for shielding light on the display panel, and can block the light of the area between the pixel units to increase the contrast of the liquid crystal display, avoid color mixing between the pixel units, and reduce external light reflection.
  • the black matrix is generally disposed on the substrate on which the color filter is located, that is, on the opposite substrate corresponding to the array substrate.
  • the BOA substrate is used as the Array substrate.
  • a support post 4 is further disposed between the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, and the support post 4 supports the liquid crystal cell for increasing the compressive strength of the liquid crystal display.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 in this embodiment is wrapped on the outer surface of the support post 4, and the polymer connecting structure 5 is connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite side substrate 2, respectively.
  • FIG. 3 A top view of the flexible liquid crystal display of the embodiment of Fig. 2 is shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen from the figure, a layer of polymer film is wrapped on the outer surface of the support post 4 where the support post 4 is provided.
  • the shape of the polymer connecting structure 5 is generally formed according to the shape of the support post 4, and may be a prismatic shape or a cylindrical shape, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 Since the polymer connecting structure 5 is connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, respectively, when the liquid crystal display is bent, the polymer connecting structure 5 has a function of fixing the upper/lower substrate and keeping the thickness of the liquid crystal cell uniform.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 is disposed in the area blocked by the black matrix of the liquid crystal display, rather than in the central opening area of the liquid crystal display pixel, the polymer connecting structure 5 can be prevented from affecting the display quality of the display.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 in the present embodiment wraps the support post 4, it can serve as a support for reinforcing the support post 4.
  • This embodiment is proposed for the position of the polymer connection structure, specifically, the polymer connection structure 5 is disposed in the occlusion region of the black matrix other than the support column 4.
  • the polymer connection structure 5 is disposed in the row and/or column where the support columns 4 are located, but in the occlusion region of the black matrix except where the support columns 4 are located, and the polymer connection structure 5 is connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, respectively.
  • the shape of the polymer connecting structure 5 is no longer limited by the structure of the support column 4, and thus the polymer connecting structure may be a columnar structure (Fig. 4a) or a wall structure (Fig. 4b).
  • the columnar structure is similar in appearance to the support column 4, and may be prismatic or cylindrical.
  • the wall structure is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and its fixed connection area is larger than that of the columnar structure.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 Since the polymer connecting structure 5 is respectively connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, when the liquid crystal display is bent, the polymer connecting structure 5 has a function of fixing the upper/lower substrate and preventing the upper/lower substrate from being displaced, thereby indirectly
  • the support post 4 located on the step or the groove is prevented from moving misalignment to prevent the liquid crystal cell from being uneven.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 is disposed in the area blocked by the black matrix of the liquid crystal display, rather than in the central opening area of the liquid crystal display pixel, the polymer connecting structure 5 can be prevented from affecting the display quality of the display.
  • This embodiment is proposed for the position of the polymer connection structure, specifically, the polymer connection structure 5 is disposed in the entire occlusion area corresponding to the black matrix.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 covers all the rows and columns in which the support columns 4 are located, and actually overlaps the skeleton of the black matrix, and the polymer connecting structures 5 are respectively connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2. . It is easy to know that the polymer connecting structure 5 is a wall-like structure having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 since the polymer connecting structure 5 is respectively connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite substrate 2, the polymer connecting structure 5 has a function of fixing the upper/lower substrate and preventing the upper/lower substrate from being displaced, thereby indirectly Preventing the support column 4 located on the step or the groove from moving out of position, so as to avoid unevenness of the liquid crystal cell The situation of one.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 is disposed in the area blocked by the black matrix of the liquid crystal display, instead of being located in the central opening area of the pixel of the liquid crystal display, and the polymer connecting structure 5 can be prevented from affecting the display quality of the display.
  • the folding of a flexible/curved/flexible/foldable liquid crystal display exists only in a partial area of the liquid crystal display, for example, for a curved liquid crystal display, it has a large curvature only in the middle portion of its display screen. Therefore, the polymer connecting structure 5 can be disposed not in the range of the display screen of all the liquid crystal displays, but only in the foldable region of the flexible liquid crystal display.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 is disposed in a partial occlusion region corresponding to the black matrix, and since the arrangement of the polymer connecting structure 5 is reduced, it is advantageous to simplify the production process and improve the yield.
  • the present embodiment is proposed for the position of the polymer connection structure.
  • the polymer connection structure 5 is disposed in a partial occlusion region corresponding to the black matrix, and its specific position is determined by the bending direction of the flexible liquid crystal display.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 is a wall structure parallel to each other, and the polymer connecting structure 5 is respectively connected to the array substrate 1 and the opposite side substrate 2, and the wall structure is specifically a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the long side is consistent with the bending direction of the flexible liquid crystal display.
  • connection can function to fix the upper/lower substrate and keep the thickness of the liquid crystal cell uniform.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 wraps the support post 4 disposed along the bending direction of the flexible liquid crystal display, and thus can serve as a reinforcing support for the support post 4 disposed along the bending direction of the flexible liquid crystal display.
  • the polymer connecting structure 5 is disposed in the area blocked by the black matrix of the liquid crystal display, rather than in the central opening area of the liquid crystal display pixel, the polymer connecting structure 5 can be prevented from affecting the display quality of the display.
  • This embodiment provides a method for fabricating the polymer connecting structure 5 in the foregoing embodiments. As shown in FIG. 8, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S810 forming a black matrix on the array substrate.
  • Step S820 assembling the processed array substrate and the opposite substrate into a liquid crystal cell, and providing a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and doping the liquid crystal with ultraviolet polymerization monomer.
  • Step S830 a photomask is disposed on the outer surface of the opposite substrate, and the light shielding area of the photomask covers an area where the liquid crystal cell does not need to be irradiated.
  • Step S840 irradiating the liquid crystal cell from the opposite substrate with ultraviolet light to polymerize the ultraviolet polymerization monomer to form a polymer connection structure.
  • one of the upper/lower substrates of the flexible liquid crystal display device of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a BOA substrate, as shown in FIGS. 9a to 9c, with respect to the BOA substrate and the opposite substrate in FIGS. 9a to 9c.
  • the structure/sequence of the film layer is shown in Fig. 10.
  • One of the film structure/sequences of the BOA substrate may be other unillustrated structures.
  • One of the optional drawings of the BOA substrate may be the film layers but not Limited to the illustrated film layer.
  • the support posts 4 may be on the BOA substrate (shown as BOA substrates 2 and 3 in the figure) or on the opposite substrate (shown as BOA substrates 1, 4 and 5 in the figure).
  • the RGB color resist layer (shown as BOA substrates 2 and 5 in the figure) can be fabricated by first making a black matrix BM, or the BM layer can be formed by first making an RGB color resist layer (shown as BOA substrates 1, 3 and 4 in the figure).
  • BM and RGB may be adjacent layers (shown as BOA substrates 1 and 2 in the figure) or non-adjacent layers (shown as BOA substrates 3, 4 and 5 in the figure).
  • the BOA substrate 5 in the optional figure is made of a high temperature resistant black metal as the BM material.
  • the BM and the support post PS may be adjacent layers or the same layer material may be fabricated by a gray tone process.
  • the BOA substrate 1 is formed in the order of forming the first metal layer M1, forming the gate insulating layer GI, forming the semiconductor layer a-Si, forming the second metal layer M2, forming the first protective layer PV1, and forming a color resist.
  • a layer (RGB layer, and RGB is provided in the same layer) forms a black matrix BM, forms a second protective layer PV2, forms a common electrode layer Common ITO, and forms a third protective layer PV3 to form a pixel electrode layer Pixel ITO.
  • a support post PS is formed on the opposite substrate.
  • the BOA substrate 2 is formed in the order of forming the first metal layer M1, forming the gate insulating layer GI, forming the semiconductor layer a-Si, forming the second metal layer M2, forming the first protective layer PV1, forming the black matrix BM, and forming the color.
  • a resist layer (RGB layer, and RGB is disposed in the same layer) forms a second protective layer PV2, forms a common electrode layer Common ITO, forms a third protective layer PV3, and forms a pixel electrode layer Pixel ITO to form a support pillar PS.
  • the BOA substrate 3 is formed in the order of forming the first metal layer M1, forming the gate insulating layer GI, forming the semiconductor layer a-Si, forming the second metal layer M2, forming the first protective layer PV1, and forming a color resist layer (RGB).
  • Layers, and RGB are disposed in the same layer, forming a second protective layer PV2, forming a common electrode layer Common ITO, forming a third protective layer PV3, forming a pixel electrode layer Pixel ITO, and simultaneously forming a black matrix BM and a support pillar PS.
  • the BOA substrate 4 is formed in the order of forming the first metal layer M1, forming the gate insulating layer GI, forming the semiconductor layer a-Si, forming the second metal layer M2, forming the first protective layer PV1, and forming a color resist layer (RGB layer). And the RGB layer is disposed in the same layer, the second protective layer PV2 is formed, the common electrode layer Common ITO is formed, the third protective layer PV3 is formed, and the pixel electrode layer Pixel ITO is formed to form the black matrix BM.
  • a support post PS is formed on the opposite substrate.
  • the BOA substrate 5 is formed in the order of forming a black matrix BM, forming a first metal layer M1, forming a gate insulating layer GI, forming a semiconductor layer a-Si, forming a second metal layer M2, forming a first protective layer PV1, and forming a color.
  • a resist layer (RGB layer, and RGB is provided in the same layer) forms a second protective layer PV2, forms a common electrode layer Common ITO, and forms a third protective layer PV3 to form a pixel electrode layer Pixel ITO.
  • a support post PS is formed on the opposite substrate.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a device layer structure of a-Si as a TFT semiconductor active layer, and a layer fabrication sequence is illustrated in the drawing, but is not limited to only the layer structure of FIG. 10, and the R/G/B color resist layer is also illustrated. It does not mean that the G color resistance is above the R color resistance, or the B color resistance is above the G color resistance.
  • the BOA substrate in FIG. 9a is used as the lower substrate, and the support post PS is located on the upper substrate.
  • the BOA substrate 1 and the BOA substrate 4 in FIG. 10 can be used.
  • the BOA substrate in FIG. 9b serves as a lower substrate, and the support post PS is located on the lower substrate.
  • the BOA substrate 2 and the BOA substrate 3 in FIG. 10 can be employed.
  • the BOA substrate in Fig. 9c serves as the upper substrate, and the support column is located on the lower substrate.
  • the BOA substrate 5 in Fig. 10 can be employed.
  • the BOA substrate in FIG. 10 is an FFS mode substrate, but the embodiment of the present invention may also be a liquid crystal display of a VA mode or a TN mode and other display modes.
  • the relative positional relationship of the BM/color resist layer/support column PS and the relative positional relationship of the BM/color resist layer/support column PS with respect to the first metal layer M1/pixel electrode are illustrated in FIG. Relationship, but not limited to the number and structure of the illustrated layers, for example, the second protective layer PV2 is not formed in the BOA substrate 2, for example, the third metal layer M3 is disposed under the second protective layer PV2 in the BOA substrate 1 as a touch function. line.
  • the BM/color resist layer/first metal layer M1/pixel electrode or the support pillar PS structure in the BOA substrate has the relative positional relationship as shown in FIG. 10, and may be other structures. TFT device structure.
  • the material used for the substrate of the BOA substrate in this embodiment may be, but not limited to, glass, polyimide (PI), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyester resin (PET), poly Ether sulfone resin (PES), etc.
  • the thin film transistor TFT device on the BOA substrate in this embodiment is not limited to the a-Si TFT device, and may be other TFT devices, such as LTPS TFT devices or IGZO TFT devices, and may be different when using devices such as LTPS TFT or IGZO TFT.
  • the TFT structure is not limited to the top gate type or the bottom gate type TFT, and the BM/color resist layer/first metal layer M1/pixel electrode or the support pillar PS structure in the substrate may have the relative positional relationship described in FIG. 10, but is not limited thereto. .
  • a liquid crystal layer is disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell, and the liquid crystal is doped with an ultraviolet polymerization monomer.
  • the monomer material doped in the liquid crystal and irradiated by ultraviolet light to form a polymer may be an ultraviolet epoxy resin.
  • a UV epoxy resin NOA-65 manufactured by Norland Corporation and a UV light polymerizable material of another company are not limited in this embodiment.
  • a metal mask may be used to cover the area where the liquid crystal cell does not need to be irradiated, that is, a region where the polymer connection structure is not required to be formed, as shown in Fig. 11a.
  • the reticle shielding area corresponds to the pixel opening area
  • the reticle transmission area corresponds to the upper or lower side of the BM.
  • a photomask made of a photoresist or a black photoresist to which an ultraviolet (UV) absorber is added may be disposed on the outer surface of the upper substrate, as shown in FIG. 11b. Show.
  • step S840 ultraviolet light (UV light) is irradiated on the opposite substrate, and the UV light is irradiated to the predetermined position through the opening of the photomask, and the polymerizable monomer mixed in the liquid crystal is polymerized at a predetermined position.
  • the polymer connecting structure is adhered to the upper and lower substrates.
  • the liquid crystal is doped with an ultraviolet photopolymerizable monomer, the UV light is irradiated to form a columnar or wall-like polymer connecting structure.
  • a BOA substrate is used for one of the upper/lower substrates, and the liquid crystal doped with the ultraviolet polymerization monomer is irradiated with UV light on the opposite substrate to polymerize the monomer to form a polymer connection structure, and the polymer connection structure is formed in the polymer connection structure.
  • the flexible display can be bent according to actual needs.
  • the BOA substrate can be above, and the BOA substrate including the pad area can be bent to the rear of the backlight system to save the application terminal surface area.
  • liquid crystal display in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a transmissive display, and may also be a reflective display.

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Abstract

一种柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法，柔性液晶显示器包括有黑矩阵（BM）；在对应于黑矩阵（BM）的遮挡区域内设置有聚合物连接结构（5），聚合物连接结构（5）分别与阵列基板（1）与对侧基板（2）相连接。聚合物连接结构（5）改善了柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器在弯曲时其上下基板的错位以及液晶盒厚度的不均匀的问题。

Description

柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有2016年12月27日提交的名称为“柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法”的中国专利申请CN201611229295.5的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明属于液晶显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法。
背景技术
近年来，对柔性液晶显示器、可挠液晶显示器、曲面液晶显示器和可折叠液晶显示器等非平面型显示设备的需求日渐增多，由于这些显示设备在弯曲时显示器各处的应力不均，因此会导致上下基板的错位以及液晶盒厚度(cell gap)的不均匀。
如图1所示，当柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器发生弯曲时，由于弯曲部位所受应力向两端逐渐减小的不均导致了液晶盒厚度的不均匀，即在图1中，位于两端的d1和d2不等于位于中间部位的d。另外，由于上下基板各具一定厚度，因此弯曲较大时会导致上下基板出现错位。错位和液晶盒厚度的不均匀都会导致显示品质的下降，例如显示器弯曲部位和此部位两端的亮度不均一，以及显示器颜色色调产生了不均一差异。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一是柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器发生弯曲时，由于弯曲部位所受应力向两端逐渐减小的不均导致了液晶盒厚度(cell gap)的不均匀。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请的实施例首先提供了一种柔性液晶显示器，包括阵列基板及对侧基板，所述阵列基板与对侧基板之间封装有液晶，在所述阵列基板上设置有黑矩阵；在对应于所述黑矩阵的遮挡区域内设置有聚合物连接结 构，所述聚合物连接结构分别与所述阵列基板与对侧基板相连接，用于在所述柔性液晶显示器发生弯曲时固定所述阵列基板与对侧基板。
优选地，所述聚合物连接结构由掺杂有紫外聚合单体的液晶在紫外光的照射下聚合形成。
优选地，在所述阵列基板与对侧基板之间还设置有支撑柱，所述聚合物连接结构设置在所述支撑柱处，且所述聚合物连接结构包裹在所述支撑柱的外表面上。
优选地，在所述阵列基板与对侧基板之间还设置有支撑柱，所述聚合物连接结构设置在除所述支撑柱以外的黑矩阵的遮挡区域内。
优选地，所述聚合物连接结构为柱状支撑结构或墙状支撑结构。
优选地，所述聚合物连接结构设置在对应于所述黑矩阵的全部遮挡区域内，且所述聚合物连接结构将支撑柱包裹在其内部。
优选地，所述聚合物连接结构设置在对应于所述黑矩阵的部分遮挡区域内，所述聚合物连接结构为相互平行的墙状支撑结构，且所述墙状支撑结构的长边沿所述柔性液晶显示器的弯曲方向设置。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种柔性液晶显示器的制作方法，包括：在阵列基板上形成黑矩阵；将所述阵列基板与对侧基板组装成液晶盒，并向其中注入液晶，并在所述阵列基板和对侧基板之间设置液晶层，且所述液晶中掺杂有紫外聚合单体；在对侧基板的外表面设置光罩，所述光罩的遮光区域覆盖所述液晶盒不需要照射的区域；利用紫外光从对侧基板照射所述液晶盒，使所述紫外聚合单体发生聚合反应以形成聚合物连接结构。
优选地，所述光罩包括金属光罩或者，由添加有紫外吸收剂的光刻胶或黑色光刻胶所制成的光罩。
优选地，所述紫外聚合单体包括紫外环氧树脂。
与现有技术相比，上述方案中的一个或多个实施例可以具有如下优点或有益效果：
通过将柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器的上/下基板之一采用BOA基板，并在上/下基板之间设置聚合物连接结构，改善了柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器在弯曲时其上下基板的错位以及液晶盒厚度(cell gap)的不均匀的问题，且由于聚合物连接结构设置在液晶显示器的黑矩阵遮挡的区域内，避免了聚合物连接结构对液晶显示器的显示品质的影响。
本发明的其他优点、目标，和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述，并且在某种程度上，基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的，或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书，权利要求书，以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请的技术方案或现有技术的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分。其中，表达本申请实施例的附图与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案，但并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1为现有技术中当柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器发生弯曲时的示意图；
图2为根据本发明第一实施例的柔性液晶显示器的结构示意图；
图3为根据本发明第一实施例的聚合物连接结构的分布示意图；
图4a和图4b为根据本发明第二实施例的聚合物连接结构的分布示意图；
图5和图6为根据本发明第三实施例的聚合物连接结构的分布示意图；
图7为根据本发明第四实施例的聚合物连接结构的分布示意图；
图8为根据本发明第五实施例的柔性液晶显示器的制作方法的流程示意图；
图9a-图9c为根据本发明第五实施例的柔性液晶显示器的上/下基板的组合方式示意图；
图10为根据本发明第五实施例的BOA基板与对侧基板的膜层结构/顺序示意图；
图11a和图11b为根据本发明第五实施例的采用光罩和紫外光生成聚合物连接结构的示意图；
图12为根据本发明实施例的柔性液晶显示器的应用终端的面板的形态结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图及实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式，借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题，并达成相应技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据 以实施。本申请实施例以及实施例中的各个特征，在不相冲突前提下可以相互结合，所形成的技术方案均在本发明的保护范围之内。
针对现有技术中的问题，本发明提出了一种具有聚合物连接结构的液晶显示器，下面结合具体的实施例进行说明。
第一实施例：
图2为根据本发明第一实施例的柔性液晶显示器的结构示意图，其示出的是垂直于液晶显示屏的剖面的结构。
从图中可以看出，本发明实施例中的柔性液晶显示器，包括阵列基板1与对侧基板2，在阵列基板1与对侧基板2之间封装有液晶3，其中，阵列基板1为BOA(BM on Array)基板。
黑矩阵是显示面板上用于遮光的结构，可以对像素单元之间区域的光进行遮挡以增加液晶显示器的对比度、避免像素单元之间的混色以及减少外界光反射。黑矩阵一般设置在彩色滤光片所在的基板上，也就是与阵列基板相对应的对侧基板上。而在本发明的实施例中，为了形成聚合物连接结构，且使形成的聚合物连接结构仅位于黑矩阵的遮挡区域内，不对像素单元的开口率等性能参数产生影响，采用了BOA基板作为阵列基板。
如图2所示，在阵列基板1与对侧基板2之间还设置有支撑柱4，支撑柱4对液晶盒起支撑作用，用于增加液晶显示器的抗压强度。本实施例中的聚合物连接结构5包裹在支撑柱4的外表面上，且聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接。
图2中实施例的柔性液晶显示器的俯视图如图3所示，从图中可以看出，在设置有支撑柱4的地方，均在支撑柱4的外表面上包裹有一层聚合物膜层。
在本实施例中，聚合物连接结构5的形状一般为根据支撑柱4的形状大致形成，可以为棱柱形或圆柱形，本实施例对其不作限定。
由于聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接，因此当液晶显示器弯曲时，聚合物连接结构5具有固定上/下基板和保持液晶盒厚度均一的功能。
由于聚合物连接结构5设置在液晶显示器黑矩阵所遮挡的区域内，而不是位于液晶显示器像素的中心开口区，可以避免聚合物连接结构5对显示器的显示品质产生影响。
同时，由于本实施例中的聚合物连接结构5包裹支撑柱4，可以起到加固支撑柱4的支撑作用。
第二实施例：
针对聚合物连接结构的位置提出本实施例，具体为，聚合物连接结构5设置在除支撑柱4以外的黑矩阵的遮挡区域内。
如图4a和图4b所示，聚合物连接结构5设置在支撑柱4所在的行和/或列，但除支撑柱4所处的位置以外的黑矩阵的遮挡区域内，且聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接。
聚合物连接结构5的形状不再受限于支撑柱4的结构，因此聚合物连接结构可以为柱状结构(图4a)或墙状结构(图4b)。其中，柱状结构从外形上与支撑柱4相似，可以为棱柱形或圆柱形。墙状结构为长方体的形状，相比于柱状结构，其固定连接面积更大。
由于聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接，因此当液晶显示器弯曲时，聚合物连接结构5具有固定上/下基板和防止上/下基板错位的功能，从而间接的防止了位于台阶或凹槽上的支撑柱4移动错位，以免液晶盒发生不均一的情况。
由于聚合物连接结构5设置在液晶显示器黑矩阵所遮挡的区域内，而不是位于液晶显示器像素的中心开口区，可以避免聚合物连接结构5对显示器的显示品质产生影响。
第三实施例：
针对聚合物连接结构的位置提出本实施例，具体为，聚合物连接结构5设置在对应于黑矩阵的全部遮挡区域内。
如图5所示，聚合物连接结构5覆盖支撑柱4所在的全部行和列，实际上与黑矩阵的骨架完全重合，且聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接。容易知道，该聚合物连接结构5为长方体形的墙状结构。
从图5中还可以看出，聚合物连接结构5将支撑柱4包裹在其内部。
在本实施例中，由于聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接，因此，聚合物连接结构5具有固定上/下基板和防止上/下基板错位的功能，从而间接的防止了位于台阶或凹槽上的支撑柱4移动错位，以免液晶盒发生不均 一的情况。
且聚合物连接结构5设置在液晶显示器黑矩阵所遮挡的区域内，而不是位于液晶显示器像素的中心开口区，可以避免聚合物连接结构5对显示器的显示品质产生影响。
在实际应用中，对柔性/曲面/可挠曲/可折叠液晶显示器的折叠仅存在于液晶显示器的部分区域，例如对于曲面液晶显示器，仅在其显示屏的中间部分呈较大的弯曲。因此，可以不在全部的液晶显示器的显示屏的范围内设置聚合物连接结构5，而只将其设置在柔性液晶显示器的可折叠区域。
如图6所示，聚合物连接结构5在设置在对应于黑矩阵的部分遮挡区域内，由于聚合物连接结构5的设置减少了，因此有利于简化生产工艺，提高产率。
第四实施例：
针对聚合物连接结构的位置提出本实施例，具体为，聚合物连接结构5设置在对应于黑矩阵的部分遮挡区域内，且其具体位置由柔性液晶显示器的弯曲方向确定。
如图7所示，聚合物连接结构5为相互平行的墙状结构，且聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接，该墙状结构具体为长方体形，且长方体的长边与柔性液晶显示器的弯曲方向一致。
容易理解的是，当柔性液晶显示器沿如图所示的方向发生弯曲时，由于聚合物连接结构沿该方向延展的骨架，且由于聚合物连接结构5分别与阵列基板1和对侧基板2相连接，能够起到固定上/下基板和保持液晶盒厚度均一的作用。
聚合物连接结构5包裹沿柔性液晶显示器的弯曲方向设置的支撑柱4，因此可以对沿柔性液晶显示器的弯曲方向设置的支撑柱4起加固支撑的作用。
另外，由于聚合物连接结构5设置在液晶显示器黑矩阵所遮挡的区域内，而不是位于液晶显示器像素的中心开口区，可以避免聚合物连接结构5对显示器的显示品质产生影响。
第五实施例：
本实施例提出一种制作前述各实施例中的聚合物连接结构5的方法，如图8所示，包括以下步骤：
步骤S810、在阵列基板上形成黑矩阵。
步骤S820、将加工好的阵列基板与对侧基板组装成液晶盒，，并在阵列基板和对侧基板之间设置液晶层，且在液晶中掺杂有紫外聚合单体。
步骤S830、在对侧基板的外表面设置光罩，光罩的遮光区域覆盖液晶盒不需要照射的区域。
步骤S840、利用紫外光从对侧基板照射液晶盒，使紫外聚合单体发生聚合反应以形成聚合物连接结构。
具体的，在步骤S810中，本发明实施例的柔性液晶显示器的上/下基板之一采用BOA基板，如图9a-图9c所示，关于图9a-图9c中BOA基板与对侧基板的膜层结构/顺序参见图10，BOA基板的膜层结构/顺序可选图中之一，也可以为其它未示例结构，BOA基板可选图中之一时可以为图示各膜层但并不限于图示膜层。
如图10所示，支撑柱4可以在BOA基板上(图中BOA基板2和3所示)，也可以在对侧基板上(图中BOA基板1、4和5所示)。可以先制作黑矩阵BM后制作RGB色阻层(图中BOA基板2和5所示)，也可以是先制作RGB色阻层后制作BM层(图中BOA基板1、3和4所示)。BM与RGB可以为相邻层(图中BOA基板1和2所示)，也可以为不相邻的层(图中BOA基板3、4和5所示)。当上基板为BOA基板时，可选图中的BOA基板5，以耐高温的黑色金属做为BM材料。图中的BOA基板3中，BM与支撑柱PS可以为相邻层也可以为同层材料采用灰阶光罩(gray tone)工艺制作。
图10中，BOA基板1的制作顺序是，形成第一金属层M1，形成栅极绝缘层GI，形成半导体层a-Si，形成第二金属层M2，形成第一保护层PV1，形成色阻层(RGB层，且RGB同层设置)，形成黑矩阵BM，形成第二保护层PV2，形成公共电极层Common ITO，形成第三保护层PV3，形成像素电极层Pixel ITO。在对侧基板上形成支撑柱PS。
BOA基板2的制作顺序是，形成第一金属层M1，形成栅极绝缘层GI，形成半导体层a-Si，形成第二金属层M2，形成第一保护层PV1，形成黑矩阵BM，形成色阻层(RGB层，且RGB同层设置)，形成第二保护层PV2，形成公共电极层Common ITO，形成第三保护层PV3，形成像素电极层Pixel ITO，形成支撑柱PS。
BOA基板3的制作顺序是，形成第一金属层M1，形成栅极绝缘层GI，形成半导体层a-Si，形成第二金属层M2，形成第一保护层PV1，形成色阻层(RGB 层，且RGB同层设置)，形成第二保护层PV2，形成公共电极层Common ITO，形成第三保护层PV3，形成像素电极层Pixel ITO，同时形成黑矩阵BM与支撑柱PS。
BOA基板4的制作顺序是，形成第一金属层M1，形成栅极绝缘层GI，形成半导体层a-Si，形成第二金属层M2，形成第一保护层PV1，形成色阻层(RGB层，且RGB同层设置)，形成第二保护层PV2，形成公共电极层Common ITO，形成第三保护层PV3，形成像素电极层Pixel ITO，形成黑矩阵BM。在对侧基板上形成支撑柱PS。
BOA基板5的制作顺序是，形成黑矩阵BM，形成第一金属层M1，形成栅极绝缘层GI，形成半导体层a-Si，形成第二金属层M2，形成第一保护层PV1，形成色阻层(RGB层，且RGB同层设置)，形成第二保护层PV2，形成公共电极层Common ITO，形成第三保护层PV3，形成像素电极层Pixel ITO。在对侧基板上形成支撑柱PS。
图10中示意了a-Si作为TFT半导体活性层的器件层结构，图中示意了层制作顺序，但不限定仅仅图10示意层结构，图中也示意了R/G/B色阻层，并不表示G色阻位于R色阻之上，或者B色阻位于G色阻之上。
结合图9a-图9c和图10可知，图9a中的BOA基板作为下基板，支撑柱PS位于上基板，可以采用图10中的BOA基板1和BOA基板4。图9b中的BOA基板作为下基板，支撑柱PS位于下基板，可以采用图10中的BOA基板2和BOA基板3。图9c中的BOA基板作为上基板，支撑柱位于下基板，可以采用图10中的BOA基板5。
需要说明的是，图10中的BOA基板为FFS模式基板，但本发明实施例还可以是VA模式或TN模式以及其它显示模式的液晶显示器。在图10中示意了BM/色阻层/支撑柱PS这三者的相对位置关系，以及BM/色阻层/支撑柱PS这三者相对于第一金属层M1/像素电极的相对位置关系关系，但并不限定图示层数量和结构，例如在BOA基板2中没有形成第二保护层PV2，例如在BOA基板1中第二保护层PV2下方设置第三金属层M3做为触摸功能配线。当采用a-Si做为半导体层时，BOA基板中上述BM/色阻层/第一金属层M1/像素电极或支撑柱PS结构等具备图10所述相对位置关系，也可以是其他结构的TFT器件结构。
另外，本实施例中BOA基板的基底所采用的材料可以是但不限于玻璃(Glass)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、环烯烃类共聚物(COC)、涤纶树脂(PET)、聚 醚砜树脂(PES)等。本实施例中BOA基板上的薄膜晶体管TFT器件不限于a-Si TFT器件，还可为其它TFT器件，例如LTPS TFT器件或IGZO TFT器件等，当采用LTPS TFT或IGZO TFT等器件时可以采用不同TFT结构，不限于顶栅型或者底栅型TFT，基板中BM/色阻层/第一金属层M1/像素电极或支撑柱PS结构等可以具备图10所述相对位置关系，但不限于此。
在步骤S820中，在液晶盒上基板和下基板之间设置液晶层，且在液晶中掺杂有紫外聚合单体。液晶中掺杂的遇紫外光照射可发生聚合反应形成聚合物的单体材料可以为紫外环氧树脂。例如由Norland公司制造的UV环氧树脂NOA-65等产品以及其它公司的UV光下可聚合材料，本实施例中对此不做限定。
在步骤S830中，可以采用金属光罩覆盖液晶盒不需要照射的区域，也就是不需要生成聚合物连接结构的区域，如图11a所示。具体的，光罩遮蔽区对应像素开口区，光罩透过区对应BM上方或下方。
在本发明的其他的实施例中，也可以采用由添加有紫外(UV)吸收剂的光刻胶或黑色光刻胶所制成的光罩，设置在上基板外表面处，如图11b所示。
在步骤S840中，在对侧基板使用紫外光(UV光)照射，使UV光透过光罩的开口照射到预设位置，混合在液晶中的可聚合单体在预设位置发生聚合反应形成聚合物连接结构黏附于上下基板。
由于液晶中掺杂了紫外感光聚合单体，因此UV光照射后聚合形成柱状或墙状的聚合物连接结构。
本实施例中通过将上/下基板之一采用BOA基板，并在对侧基板使用UV光照射掺杂了紫外聚合单体的液晶使单体聚合形成聚合物连接结构，聚合物连接结构形成于BOA基板的黑矩阵BM的上方或下方，而不是位于液晶显示器像素中心开口区，避免了聚合物连接结构在像素中心对显示品质的影响。
在实际应用时，柔性显示器可根据实际需要进行弯折，如图12所示，BOA基板可以在上方，包含焊盘区的BOA基板可弯折至背光系统后方，以节省应用终端表面积。
最后需要说明的是，本发明实施例中的液晶显示器不只限于透射式显示器，还可以为反射式显示器。
虽然本发明所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容只是为了便于理解本发明而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本发明。任何本发明所属技术领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式上及细节 上作任何的修改与变化，但本发明的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种柔性液晶显示器，包括阵列基板及对侧基板，所述阵列基板与对侧基板之间封装有液晶，在所述阵列基板上设置有黑矩阵；
    在对应于所述黑矩阵的遮挡区域内设置有聚合物连接结构，所述聚合物连接结构分别与所述阵列基板与对侧基板相连接，用于在所述柔性液晶显示器发生弯曲时固定所述阵列基板与对侧基板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述聚合物连接结构由掺杂有紫外聚合单体的液晶在紫外光的照射下聚合形成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性液晶显示器，其中，在所述阵列基板与对侧基板之间还设置有支撑柱，且所述聚合物连接结构包裹在所述支撑柱的外表面上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性液晶显示器，其中，在所述阵列基板与对侧基板之间还设置有支撑柱，所述聚合物连接结构设置在除所述支撑柱以外的黑矩阵的遮挡区域内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述聚合物连接结构为柱状结构或墙状结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述聚合物连接结构设置在对应于所述黑矩阵的全部遮挡区域内，且所述聚合物连接结构将支撑柱包裹在其内部。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述聚合物连接结构设置在对应于所述黑矩阵的部分遮挡区域内，所述聚合物连接结构为相互平行的墙状结构，且所述墙状结构的长边沿所述柔性液晶显示器的弯曲方向设置。
  8. 一种柔性液晶显示器的制作方法，包括：
    在阵列基板上形成黑矩阵；
    将所述阵列基板与对侧基板组装成液晶盒，并在所述阵列基板和对侧基板之间设置液晶层，且所述液晶中掺杂有紫外聚合单体；
    在对侧基板的外表面设置光罩，所述光罩的遮光区域覆盖所述液晶盒不需要照射的区域；
    利用紫外光从对侧基板照射所述液晶盒，使所述紫外聚合单体发生聚合反应以形成聚合物连接结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制作方法，其中，所述光罩包括金属光罩或者， 由添加有紫外吸收剂的光刻胶或黑色光刻胶所制成的光罩。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的制作方法，其中，所述紫外聚合单体包括紫外环氧树脂。
PCT/CN2016/113440 2016-12-27 2016-12-30 柔性液晶显示器及其制作方法 WO2018120004A1 (zh)

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