WO2018097550A2 - Nanocatalyseur d'oxydation à écorce d'oxyde de cérium mésoporeux et procédé d'oxydation complète de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrocarbure utilisant celui-ci - Google Patents

Nanocatalyseur d'oxydation à écorce d'oxyde de cérium mésoporeux et procédé d'oxydation complète de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrocarbure utilisant celui-ci Download PDF

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WO2018097550A2
WO2018097550A2 PCT/KR2017/013149 KR2017013149W WO2018097550A2 WO 2018097550 A2 WO2018097550 A2 WO 2018097550A2 KR 2017013149 W KR2017013149 W KR 2017013149W WO 2018097550 A2 WO2018097550 A2 WO 2018097550A2
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shell
core
oxidation
carbon monoxide
catalyst
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Korean (ko)
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WO2018097550A3 (fr
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이관영
서명기
이민우
조덕연
정진우
김창환
Original Assignee
고려대학교 산학협력단
현대자동차주식회사
기아자동차주식회사
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Publication of WO2018097550A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018097550A2/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/42—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/44—Palladium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/48—Silver or gold
    • B01J23/52—Gold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nanocatalyst for oxidation reaction having a medium pore ceria shell, and a method for completely oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon using the same, and more particularly, to fix a noble metal nanoparticle to a spherical nanoparticle and use it as a core.
  • the present invention relates to a nano-catalyst for the oxidation reaction of a core-shell structure wrapped with a ceria shell having medium pores, and a method for completely oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon using the same.
  • Vehicle and plant emissions include large amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from incomplete combustion. They are harmful to humans and the environment and can adversely affect the environment when released to the atmosphere. Therefore, a technique for purifying these incomplete combustion products is essential.
  • the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons can be removed by converting them into carbon dioxide and water through complete oxidation using a catalyst.
  • noble metals such as Pd, Pt, Rh, Au and alloys of noble metals are used.
  • the catalysts have excellent activity at low temperatures, they are not stable at high temperatures, resulting in sintering after firing. There is a problem that degradation of activity occurs.
  • the present invention is to provide a nano-catalyst for the oxidation reaction of the core-shell structure to the noble metal nanoparticles immobilized on the spherical nanoparticles as a core, the core is wrapped in a ceria shell having medium pores, and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • the present invention comprises the step of supplying carbon monoxide, a hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof and oxygen to the reactor containing the catalyst using the nano-catalyst for the oxidation reaction of the core-shell structure; complete carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon including An oxidation method is provided.
  • the present invention provides a core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation reaction comprising a nanoparticle core and a medium pore ceria shell to which noble metal nanoparticles are fixed.
  • the noble metal nanoparticles may be any one selected from palladium (Pd), gold (Au), platinum (pt) and alloys thereof.
  • the noble metal nanoparticles may have a size of 1 to 30 nm.
  • the nanoparticle core may be selected from silica (SiO 2 ), titania (TiO 2 ), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), carbon (C), and complexes thereof.
  • the medium pore ceria shell may have a thickness of 5 to 40 nm.
  • the present invention comprises the steps of (a) preparing a noble metal nanoparticles; (b) immobilizing the noble metal nanoparticles on a nanoparticle core; And (c) coating the noble metal nanoparticles immobilized on the nanoparticle core with a ceria shell having medium pores; and a core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation reaction.
  • the present invention provides a method for completely oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, comprising the step of supplying and reacting carbon monoxide, a hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof and oxygen to a reactor including the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation.
  • the hydrocarbon may be selected from the group consisting of methane, propylene, propane, toluene, benzene and mixtures thereof.
  • the reactor may further comprise one or more reactants selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium and argon.
  • the reactor may further comprise water.
  • the composition of the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon is 100 ppm ⁇ 1 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor, the composition of the oxygen is 1 ⁇ 20 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor, The composition may be 0 to 20 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor.
  • the reaction may be carried out while increasing the pressure to 1 to 40 atm and 10 to 500 °C.
  • the nanoparticle catalyst having the ceria shell of the medium pore according to the present invention has an advantage of exhibiting excellent conversion rate during the complete oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons compared to the catalyst having a shell such as the conventional medium pore silica.
  • the catalyst using a common ceria support there is an advantage of maintaining high activity after firing.
  • Example 1 is (a) palladium (Pd) nanoparticles, (b) silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles treated with an amine group, and (c, d) Pd nanoparticles according to Example 1 of the present invention, silica treated with an amine group A transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of nanoparticles immobilized on a (SiO 2 ) nanoparticle core.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation reaction according to Example 1, Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the catalyst according to Comparative Example 2.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • Example 3 is a diagram showing the distribution of elements through EDX elemental analysis of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation according to Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the distribution of the medium pore size based on the results of nitrogen adsorption and desorption of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation according to Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Example 5 is a graph showing the conversion rate of carbon monoxide in carbon monoxide oxidation with temperature using the catalyst according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a graph showing the conversion rate of propylene in the propylene oxidation with temperature using the catalyst according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a nanocatalyst for oxidation reaction of a core-shell structure having a ceria shell having a ceria having a medium pore surrounding the core by immobilizing the noble metal nanoparticles into spherical nanoparticles.
  • the nanoparticle catalyst having a core (nanometal-fixed nanoparticles) -ceria shell (medium pores) is a nanoparticle having a core (nanometal-immobilized nanoparticles) -other oxide shell (medium pores) such as silica.
  • a catalyst supported on a general ceria support it is characterized in that excellent activity is maintained even after firing during an oxidation reaction in which carbon monoxide or hydrocarbon is reacted with oxygen.
  • the noble metal nanoparticles may be any one selected from palladium (Pd), gold (Au), platinum (pt) and alloys thereof.
  • the noble metal nanoparticles may have an average size of 1 to 30 nm, preferably 2 to 20 nm.
  • the spherical nanoparticles constituting the core by immobilizing the noble metal nanoparticles are silica (SiO 2 ), titania (TiO 2 ), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), carbon (C) and composites thereof It may be selected from, and may be preferably silica (SiO 2 ).
  • the size of the spherical nanoparticles may be one having an average size of 50 ⁇ 500 nm, preferably 100 ⁇ 300 nm.
  • the medium pore ceria shell may have a thickness of 5 to 40 nm, and preferably 10 to 15 nm.
  • the oxidation reaction can be carried out through the reaction of heating and oxygen supply of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof.
  • the present invention comprises the steps of (a) preparing a noble metal nanoparticles; (b) immobilizing the noble metal nanoparticles on a nanoparticle core; And (c) coating the noble metal nanoparticles immobilized on the nanoparticle core with a ceria shell having medium pores; and a core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation reaction.
  • the present invention provides a method for completely oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, comprising the step of supplying and reacting carbon monoxide, a hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof and oxygen to a reactor including the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation.
  • the reactants carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and oxygen may be preferably supplied to the tubular reactor filled with the catalyst as a gas.
  • the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof is preferably 100 ppm to 1 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor, and the oxygen is flowed in a composition of 1 to 20 vol% relative to the total reactants included in the reactor.
  • the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof may be 1000 ppm to 1 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor, and the oxygen may be 10 to 20 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor.
  • the reactor may be reacted by further supplying at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium and argon.
  • at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium and argon.
  • nitrogen, helium and argon there is an advantage that can be reacted by lowering the concentration of each reactant without affecting the oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.
  • the mixed reaction gas may be flowed at a flow rate of 10 to 300 ml / min, and preferably at 30 to 100 ml / min.
  • the reactor may further include moisture as a reactant.
  • moisture In the case of containing water, the sintering of the metal may be promoted or the activity may be blocked to inhibit the activity of the catalyst.
  • the composition of the moisture may be 0 to 20 vol%, preferably 5 to 10 vol% of the total reactants included in the reactor.
  • the hydrocarbon may be at least one mixture selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons such as methane, propylene, propane, toluene and benzene.
  • the reaction is to control the overall reaction pressure using the BPR (Back Pressure Regulator) while flowing the reactants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and oxygen gas at a constant flow rate, the reaction pressure is a pressure gauge connected to the reactor It can be measured through. At this time, the reaction pressure is preferably maintained at 1 to 40 atm, preferably at normal pressure, the reaction temperature may be preferable to proceed with the reaction while raising the temperature to 10 ⁇ 500 °C.
  • BPR Back Pressure Regulator
  • the nanoparticle catalyst having a medium pore ceria shell according to the present invention is superior in the complete oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, as compared to the catalyst having a conventional oxide (eg silica) shell as can be seen from the results of the following examples.
  • a conventional oxide eg silica
  • unlike a catalyst using a common ceria support there is an advantage that the sintering of the noble metal is suppressed even after firing to maintain high activity.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • KBr potassium bromide
  • KCl potassium chloride
  • reaction solution and acetone were mixed and recovered to produce the nanoparticles produced through a centrifuge (10000 rpm, 5 minutes), washed with distilled water, the prepared palladium (Pd) nanocube particles were distilled water Redispersed in 10 mL.
  • silica precursor tetraethyl orthosilicate, Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 4
  • the prepared silica nanoparticles were washed with distilled water and propanol, and dispersed in 320 mL of propanol.
  • the dispersed solution was preheated to 80 ° C. and amine groups were treated on the silica surface by addition of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (ATPS). Thereafter, the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for 2 hours, collected by centrifuge, and then dispersed in ethanol.
  • ATPS 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane
  • the Pd nanoparticle dispersion solution according to Example 1-1 was mixed with the silica (SiO 2 ) dispersion solution according to Example 1-2, followed by stirring for 2 hours. Thereafter, Pd nanoparticles supported on the silica (SiO 2 ) produced by the centrifuge were recovered.
  • the recovered nanoparticles according to Example 1-3 were dispersed in 695 mL of distilled water. Dissolve 6.474 g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in a solution of SiO 2 @Pd nanoparticles dispersed in distilled water, and then add 10.46 mL of cerium nitrate hexahydrate solution to 0.293 g of ethylenediaminetetra- acetic acid. ml and 4.06 mL solution of ammonia water were added. The mixed solution was then preheated to 80 ° C., forming a ceria shell through stirring for 12 hours. Thereafter, the nanoparticles generated through the centrifuge were recovered, and the medium pores were formed through a calcination process at 500 ° C. for 10 hours.
  • CAB hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide
  • the recovered nanoparticles according to Example 1-3 were dispersed in 80 mL of ethanol. After dissolving 1.1 g of CTAB (Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) in SiO 2 @Pd nanoparticle solution dispersed in ethanol, 5.76 ml of distilled water and 2.5 ml of ammonia water were added. Then, 2.5 ml of the silica precursor TEOS was added to form a shell through stirring for 24 hours. Thereafter, the nanoparticles generated through the centrifuge were recovered, and the medium pores were formed through a calcination process at 500 ° C. for 10 hours.
  • CTAB Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide
  • the supported catalyst was prepared by evaporating the Pd nanoparticle dispersion solution according to Example 1-1 and the ceria carrier and evaporating the solvent in a rotary evaporator. Then, the same baking process for 10 hours was performed at 500 degreeC.
  • the reactor was heated at a rate of 0.5 ° C. per minute from 100 ° C. to 250 ° C., and the amount of carbon monoxide reacted was quantified using gas chromatography.
  • Carbon monoxide oxidation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the catalyst according to Comparative Example 1 or Comparative Example 2 was used instead of the catalyst according to Example 1.
  • the reactor was heated at a rate of 0.5 ° C. per minute from 200 ° C. to 300 ° C., and the amount of propylene reacted was quantified by gas chromatography.
  • Example 1 is (a) palladium (Pd) nanoparticles, (b) silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles treated with an amine group, and (c, d) Pd nanoparticles according to Example 1 of the present invention, silica treated with an amine group A transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of nanoparticles immobilized on a (SiO2) nanoparticle core.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • TEM 2 is a view showing a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation reaction according to Example 1, Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the catalyst according to Comparative Example 2.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • the silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles showed a spherical shape having a diameter of about 200 to 300 nm, and the palladium (Pd) nanoparticles were found to have a size of 5 to 10 nm.
  • the size of the palladium (Pd) particles in the ceria supported catalyst was found to be 10 to 15 nm, which is a ceria shell nanoparticle catalyst having medium pores and a nanoparticle having a silica shell. This means that the sintering of palladium proceeded more than the palladium (Pd) particles of the particle catalyst. This confirmed that the sintering was suppressed in the case of the nanocatalyst having a shell unlike the supported catalyst.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the distribution of elements through EDX elemental analysis of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation according to Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the core portion of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation reaction according to the present invention is composed of silica, it can be seen that the Pd is evenly distributed.
  • the ceria shell surrounds the Pd-fixed silica nanoparticle core.
  • the specific surface area and pore size of the SiO 2 @ Pd @ CeO 2 catalyst of Example 1 were measured by nitrogen adsorption and desorption analysis, and (a) nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms and (b) pore size distribution curves (BJH plot) were plotted. 4 is shown.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the distribution of the medium pore size based on the results of nitrogen adsorption and desorption of the core-shell nanoparticle catalyst for oxidation according to Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the specific surface area of the SiO 2 @ Pd @ CeO 2 catalyst according to Example 1 of the present invention was measured at 263 m 2 / g -catal and pore volume at 0.268 cm 3 / g - catal . This indicates that the uniform mesopores were sufficiently formed inside the shell by the CTAB used to synthesize the ceria shell.
  • Example 2 the conversion rate of carbon monoxide according to temperature was measured while raising the temperature inside the reactor.
  • Example 5 is a graph showing the conversion rate of carbon monoxide in the carbon monoxide oxidation with temperature using the catalyst according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
  • Example 1 the temperature at which the conversion is 100% compared to the catalyst supported on the ceria carrier (Comparative Example 2) (T 100 ) is much lower. This is because the reaction gas is smoothly supplied to the palladium metal by having medium pores, and the sintering of the palladium (Pd) nanoparticles is suppressed due to the shell structure.
  • Example 1 when using the ceria shell nanoparticle catalyst having a medium pore according to the present invention (Example 1), compared to the nanoparticle catalyst having a silica shell (Comparative Example 1) the reaction start temperature is very low, the conversion rate of carbon monoxide is better can confirm. This is because ceria is a substance that promotes the activity of the oxidation reaction.
  • Example 3 the propylene conversion was measured according to the temperature while raising the temperature inside the reactor.
  • Figure 6 is a graph showing the conversion rate of propylene in the propylene oxidation with temperature using the catalyst according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
  • Example 6 when using the ceria shell nanoparticle catalyst having a medium pore according to the present invention (Example 1), the temperature at which the conversion is 100% than the catalyst supported on the ceria support (Comparative Example 2) (T 100 ) is much lower. This is because the reaction gas is smoothly supplied to the palladium metal by having medium pores, and the sintering of the palladium (Pd) nanoparticles is suppressed due to the shell structure.
  • the temperature (T 100 ) at which the conversion is 100% is also compared to the nanoparticle catalyst having a silica shell (Comparative Example 1). It can be seen that the lower the conversion rate of propylene is better. This is because ceria participates in the oxidation reaction and promotes the activity of the oxidation reaction.
  • the nanoparticle catalyst having the ceria shell of the medium pore according to the present invention has an advantage of showing an excellent conversion rate in the complete oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons compared to the catalyst having a shell such as the conventional medium pore silica.
  • the catalyst using a common ceria support there is an industrial applicability because of the advantage of maintaining a high activity after firing.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un nanocatalyseur d'oxydation à écorce d'oxyde de cérium mésoporeux, et un procédé d'oxydation complète de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrocarbure utilisant celui-ci. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne un nanocatalyseur d'oxydation, et un procédé d'oxydation complète de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrocarbure utilisant celui-ci, le nanocatalyseur présentant une structure cœur-écorce dans laquelle une écorce d'oxyde de cérium comportant des mésopores entoure un cœur obtenu par immobilisation de nanoparticules de métal précieux sur des nanoparticules sphériques. Ce catalyseur à nanoparticules comportant une écorce d'oxyde de cérium mésoporeux selon la présente invention présente un avantage en ce qu'un excellent taux de conversion est obtenu pendant l'oxydation complète du monoxyde de carbone et de l'hydrocarbure par comparaison avec un catalyseur classique comportant une écorce telle que de la silice mésoporeuse. De plus, il existe un avantage en ce, contrairement à un catalyseur utilisant un support en oxyde de cérium commun, une activité élevée est maintenue même après cuisson.
PCT/KR2017/013149 2016-11-25 2017-11-20 Nanocatalyseur d'oxydation à écorce d'oxyde de cérium mésoporeux et procédé d'oxydation complète de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrocarbure utilisant celui-ci WO2018097550A2 (fr)

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US11433380B2 (en) * 2020-11-19 2022-09-06 Hyundai Motor Company Catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, and method for preparing the same

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US11433380B2 (en) * 2020-11-19 2022-09-06 Hyundai Motor Company Catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, and method for preparing the same

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