WO2018094575A1 - 变距推进装置 - Google Patents

变距推进装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018094575A1
WO2018094575A1 PCT/CN2016/106817 CN2016106817W WO2018094575A1 WO 2018094575 A1 WO2018094575 A1 WO 2018094575A1 CN 2016106817 W CN2016106817 W CN 2016106817W WO 2018094575 A1 WO2018094575 A1 WO 2018094575A1
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Prior art keywords
driving block
propeller
piston
variable pitch
hydraulic cylinder
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PCT/CN2016/106817
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王金宏
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王金宏
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Application filed by 王金宏 filed Critical 王金宏
Priority to PCT/CN2016/106817 priority Critical patent/WO2018094575A1/zh
Publication of WO2018094575A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018094575A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a marine propulsion device, and more particularly to a variable pitch propulsion device.
  • the existing marine propeller mainly includes a tail shaft, and the propeller is mounted on the tail shaft.
  • the propeller may be variable pitch.
  • the variable pitch means that the pitch of the spiral changes from the root of the propeller, however, The blade of the propeller does not rotate itself except for the rotation about the axis of the tail shaft. Therefore, the front and reverse of the car must be reversed to achieve.
  • the blade includes The blade body and the blade skeleton, the blade skeleton comprises a skeleton main beam, a first row of alloy wires and a second row of alloy wires, and the first row of alloy wires and the second row of alloy wires are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the skeleton main beam, the paddle
  • the blade skeleton is mounted on the blade body, and the plurality of blade bodies are radially mounted on the hub, and the performance of the propeller under different working conditions is tested and analyzed to determine the optimal propeller configuration under each working condition.
  • the corresponding first or all of the first row of alloy wires are given
  • each alloy wire is exothermic after being energized, so that the temperature of the shape memory polymer composite in the region where the alloy wire is located increases, and when the temperature rises to the glass transition temperature (glass)
  • the transformation temperature is above the characteristic temperature of the shape memory polymer converted from the relatively rigid glass state to the less rigid rubber state, the stiffness of the region is sharply reduced, so that the alloy wire is bent and deformed, thereby driving the curvature change in the region.
  • the shape memory polymer in the region changes to a glass state, and the stiffness returns to the initial state; if the temperature is lowered again until the alloy wire returns to a linear shape, this Due to the uncoordinated deformation of the shape memory alloy and the propeller blade, prestressing exists, rapidly heating the shape memory alloy wire to the glass transition temperature of the shape memory polymer, at which time the shape memory polymer returns to the initial state, that is, the propeller blade returns to Initial state.
  • the different shapes of the propellers correspond to different propulsive forces and propulsion efficiencies. This solution can achieve the propeller propulsive force change, and maintain the propellers with relatively higher propulsion efficiency and greater propulsion speed at different speeds.
  • Propulsion at the highest speed, has a higher propulsion speed and greater propulsive force than the same type of propeller.
  • the propeller can be deformed to make it work most efficiently, thus saving fuel when the propeller
  • part of the load can be easily removed by changing the local curvature.
  • the protection propeller is less damaged, the impact damage caused by changing the working mode of the main engine of the ship is also avoided.
  • the high flexibility and multi-operation mode of the propeller will greatly improve its comprehensive performance, making it more adaptable to the complex marine environment, making the propeller with high efficiency, large propulsion, high maneuverability, different shapes of the propeller. Local deformation or overall deformation can achieve high efficiency or high maneuvering operation under different working conditions, and improve the adaptability of the propeller to different complex working conditions. This device is not feasible in practice.
  • a variable pitch propulsion device includes a propeller blade and a connecting seat, and a tailstock is mounted on the tail of the connecting seat, and the driving seat is provided with a driving one-to-one correspondence with the number of the propeller blades.
  • the outer periphery of the driving block is provided with a pin protruding from the driving block
  • the root of the propeller blade is provided with a turntable
  • the turntable is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat
  • the rotating wheel is provided with a sliding slot on the end surface of the driving block
  • the pin shaft The pin is inserted into the chute, the pin shaft is offset from the axis of the turntable, and the front part of the connecting seat is connected with one end of the oil cylinder.
  • the piston rod of the oil cylinder extends from the oil cylinder and is connected with the driving block, and the other end of the oil cylinder is connected with the gear shaft.
  • a transmission gear is fixedly mounted on the gear shaft, and a return spring is arranged between the inner end surface of the other end of the cylinder and the piston, and a fuel supply pipe is connected to the center of the piston, and the oil supply pipe is connected through a lateral inlet and outlet oil hole on the piston rod.
  • the other end of the oil supply pipe is connected with the rotary joint.
  • the cylinder in the device When the ship is moving, the cylinder in the device does not move, the return spring pushes the piston to the dead position, the propeller rotates to push the ship forward, and at this time, the ship is in the state of the vehicle; when the reverse is required, the cylinder is close to the connector
  • the cavity on the side side enters the oil, and the piston drives the driving block to move, so that the pin drive rotates the turntable to a certain angle, and the blade rotates, which can change the pitch of the propeller blade to change the angle of attack with the water until reaching the reversing status.
  • the load of the propeller blades In the process of forward-to-back conversion, the load of the propeller blades is gradually reduced, and then gradually increased, which ensures that the load of the propeller blades is smaller when commutating.
  • starting the propeller blades to the minimum load can also improve the starting characteristics of the engine.
  • the device is dedicated to the ship and is used as the power output part of the power system.
  • a center of the front end of the piston is also connected with a guide tube that fits through a front end cover of the oil cylinder, and the oil supply tube is coaxially disposed in the guide tube.
  • the guide tube acts as a stable guide and at the same time protects the fuel supply pipe.
  • the guide tube is provided with a balance air hole.
  • the gas in the cavity of the return spring can be sucked and discharged, so that the piston acts reliably.
  • the guiding tailstock center is provided with a guiding sleeve, and the protruding end of the piston rod extends into the guiding sleeve.
  • a further improvement of the invention is that the propulsion blades have 2-6 pieces. Easy to manufacture and install, work efficiency high.
  • a further improvement of the invention is that the propulsion blades are helical blades.
  • the driving block has a square shape as a whole, and the pin shafts are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the driving block, and there are four corresponding propeller blades.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the propeller blade as it rotates.
  • FIG. 1-3 it is a variable pitch propulsion device including a propeller blade 1 and a connecting seat 5, the propeller blade 1 has 2-6 pieces, and the propeller blade 1 is a spiral blade.
  • a guide tailstock 15 is mounted on the tail of the connecting base 5, and a driving block 4 is disposed in the connecting seat 5 in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the propelling blades 1.
  • the outer periphery of the driving block 4 is provided with a pin 3 protruding from the driving block 4, and the propeller blade is advanced.
  • the first part is provided with a turntable 2, and the turntable 2 is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat 5.
  • the turntable 2 is provided with a sliding slot 17 on the end surface of the driving block 4, and the pin 3 is inserted into the sliding slot 17, the pin 3 and the turntable
  • the axis of 2 is offset, and the front portion of the connecting seat 5 is connected to one end of the cylinder 6.
  • the piston rod 14 of the cylinder 6 extends from the cylinder 6 and is connected to the driving block 4.
  • the other end of the cylinder 6 is connected with a gear shaft 9, a gear shaft. 9 is fixedly mounted with a transmission gear, and a return spring 8 is disposed between the inner end surface of the other end of the cylinder 6 and the piston 7, and the oil supply pipe 13 is connected to the center of the piston 7, and the oil supply pipe 13 passes in and out laterally through the piston rod 14.
  • the oil hole 18 is connected to a cavity of the cylinder 6 near the side of the connecting seat 5, and the other end of the oil supply pipe 13 is connected to the rotary joint 12.
  • a guide tube 11 is also connected to the center of the front end of the piston 7.
  • the guide tube 11 is fitted through the front end cover of the oil cylinder 6, and the oil supply tube 13 is coaxially disposed in the guide tube 11.
  • a balance air hole 19 is provided on the guide tube 11.
  • the guide tailstock 15 is centrally provided with a guide sleeve 16, and the projecting end of the piston rod 14 extends into the guide sleeve 16.
  • the driving block 4 has a square shape as a whole, and the pin 3 is correspondingly disposed at the four corners of the driving block 4, and four corresponding propeller blades 1 are provided.
  • the device is dedicated to the ship and is used as the power output part of the power system.
  • the cylinder 6 in the device does not move, the return spring 8 pushes the piston 7 at the dead position, and the rotation of the propeller can push the ship forward.
  • the ship is in the state of the vehicle; when the vehicle is in need of reversing, the cylinder 6 is close to the cavity on the side of the connecting seat 5, and the piston 7 drives the driving block 4 to move, so that the pin 3 drives the turntable 2 to rotate by a certain angle.
  • the pitch of the propeller blade 1 can be changed to change the angle of attack with the water until it reaches the reverse state.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种船舶动力装置领域的变距推进装置，包括推进桨叶（1）和连接座（5），连接座（5）尾部安装有导流尾座（15），连接座（5）内与推进桨叶（1）数目一一对应设有驱动块（4），驱动块（4）外周设有销轴（3），推进桨叶（1）根部设有转盘（2），转盘（2）配合安装在连接座（5）上，转盘（2）上设有滑槽（17），销轴（3）卡入所述滑槽（17）中，销轴（3）与转盘（2）的轴线相偏置，连接座（5）前部与油缸（6）的一端相连，油缸（6）的活塞杆（14）从油缸（6）伸出并与驱动块（4）相连，油缸（6）的另一端连接有齿轮轴（9），齿轮轴（9）上固定安装有传动齿轮，油缸（6）的另一端的内端面与活塞（7）之间设有复位弹簧（8），活塞（7）中心连接有供油管（13），供油管（13）通过活塞杆（14）上的侧向进出油孔（18）连接到油缸（6）靠近连接座（5）一侧的腔体中，供油管（13）另一端与旋转接头（12）相连接。变距推进装置在同向转动的情况下，可实现正车和倒车。

Description

变距推进装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种船用推进装置，特别涉及一种变距的推进装置。
背景技术
现有的船用推进器，主要包括有尾轴，尾轴上安装有螺旋桨，螺旋桨可以是变螺距的，其变螺距的含义是从螺旋桨根部向外，其螺线的螺距是变化的，但是，螺旋桨的桨叶除了绕尾轴轴线转动外，其本身是不会自转的。因此，其正车和倒车则必须进行换向才能实现。
中国专利数据库中，公开了一种可变形桨叶的船用螺旋桨，申请号：201510890943.0；申请日：2015-12-07；公开号：CN105416538A；公开日2016-03-23；该发明内容是为了解决传统船用螺旋桨在非设计工况下比如高机动行驶时，螺旋桨性能有明显下降，须寻找新的方法来设计船用螺旋桨，提高船用螺旋桨的性能，它包括桨毂和多个桨叶，桨叶包括桨叶体和桨叶骨架，桨叶骨架包括骨架主梁、第一排合金丝和第二排合金丝，第一排合金丝和第二排合金丝对称设置在骨架主梁的两侧，桨叶骨架安装在桨叶体上，多个桨叶体沿径向安装在桨毂上，其通过对螺旋桨不同工况下的性能进行测试和分析，确定每种工况下最理想的螺旋桨构型，从而确定变形方案是整体变形还是局部变形；确定某一工况下最理想的变形方案后，在该工况时，给相应的某几根或全部的第一排合金丝和第二排合金丝中的合金丝通电，则每根合金丝在通电后放热，使得合金丝所在区域的形状记忆聚合物复合材料温度升高，当温度升高至玻璃化转化温度(玻璃化转化温度为形状记忆聚合物由刚度较大的玻璃态向刚度较小的橡胶态转化的特征温度)以上时，该区域刚度急剧减小，从而合金丝得以弯曲变形，从而驱动该区域弯度改变，在这一区域温度降低至玻璃化转化温度以下后，该区域的形状记忆聚合物变为玻璃态，刚度回复初始状态；若再次进行降温，直到合金丝又回复至直线形状的趋势时，此时由于形状记忆合金和螺旋桨叶变形不协调导致有预应力存在，迅速加热形状记忆合金丝至形状记忆聚合物的玻璃化转化温度，此时形状记忆聚合物回复至初始状态，即螺旋桨叶回复至初始状态。同一转速下，螺旋桨的不同形状对应于不同的推进力和推进效率，该方案可实现螺旋桨推进力的改变，且在不同转速下保持螺旋桨均具有相对更高的推进效率和更大的推进速度以及推进力，在最高转速下具有相比同类螺旋桨更高的推进速度和更大的推进力，当船舶处于巡航状态时，可以使螺旋桨发生某种变形使其工作效率最高，从而节省燃料，当螺旋桨负荷过重时，通过改变其局部弯度可以轻松卸掉部分载荷，在保护螺旋桨少受损伤的同时，也避免因变换船舶主机的工作模式而带来的冲击破坏，该螺 旋桨的高度灵活性和多工作模式必将极大的提高其综合性能，使其更加适应于复杂的海洋环境，使螺旋桨具有高效率、大推进力、高机动性的效果，螺旋桨的不同形状局部变形或整体变形可实现不同工况下高效率或高机动运行，提高螺旋桨对不同复杂工况的自适应性。该装置在实践中并不可行。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种变距推进装置，使其能在同向转动的情况下，实现正车和倒车。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种变距推进装置，包括推进桨叶和连接座，连接座尾部安装有导流尾座，所述连接座内与推进桨叶数目一一对应设有驱动块，驱动块外周设有突出于驱动块的销轴，推进桨叶根部设有转盘，转盘可转动地配合安装在连接座上，转盘朝向驱动块的端面上设有滑槽，所述销轴卡入所述滑槽中，销轴与转盘的轴线相偏置，连接座前部与油缸的一端相连，油缸的活塞杆从油缸伸出并与驱动块相连，油缸的另一端连接有齿轮轴，齿轮轴上固定安装有传动齿轮，所述油缸的另一端的内端面与活塞之间设有复位弹簧，活塞中心连接有供油管，供油管通过活塞杆上的侧向进出油孔连接到油缸靠近连接座一侧的腔体中，供油管另一端与旋转接头相连接。
在船舶正车行进时，该装置中的油缸不动作，复位弹簧推挤活塞处于死点位置，螺旋桨转动可推动船舶前进，此时，船舶处于正车状态；当需要倒车时，油缸靠近连接座侧一侧的腔体进油，活塞带动驱动块运动，使得销轴驱动转盘转动一定的角度，推进桨叶自转，可改变推进桨叶的螺距，使其与水的迎角变化，直至到达倒车状态。在正车向倒车转换的过程中，推进桨叶的负荷有一个逐渐减小，再逐渐增大的过程，可保证推进桨叶换向时负荷较小。此外，将推进桨叶转动到最小负荷时启动，还可以改善发动机的启动特性。该装置专用于船舶上，作为动力系统的动力输出部分使用。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述活塞前端中心还连接有导向管，导向管配合穿过油缸的前端盖，所述供油管同轴设置在导向管内。导向管起稳定导向的作用，同时，保护了供油管。
为保证本装置使用更加可靠，所述导向管上设有平衡气孔。通过平衡气孔可吸排复位弹簧所在腔体内的气体，使得活塞动作可靠。
为进一步提高导向的可靠性，所述导流尾座中心设有导向套，活塞杆的伸出端一直延伸到导向套内。
作为本发明的进一步改进在于，所述推进桨叶有2-6片。其制造安装方便，工作效率 高。
作为本发明的进一步改进在于，所述推进桨叶为螺旋叶片。
为保证制造方便，工作可靠，所述驱动块整体呈四方形，销轴对应设置在驱动块的四角位置，对应的推进桨叶有四个。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图。
图2为本发明的局部立体图。
图3为推进桨叶转动时的工作原理图。
其中，1推进桨叶，2转盘，3销轴，4驱动块，5连接座，6油缸，7活塞，8复位弹簧，9齿轮轴，11导向管，12旋转接头，13供油管，14活塞杆，15导流尾座，16导向套，17滑槽，18侧向进出油孔，19平衡气孔。
具体实施方式
如图1-3所示，为一种变距推进装置，包括推进桨叶1和连接座5，推进桨叶1有2-6片，推进桨叶1为螺旋叶片。连接座5尾部安装有导流尾座15，连接座5内与推进桨叶1数目一一对应设有驱动块4，驱动块4外周设有突出于驱动块4的销轴3，推进桨叶1根部设有转盘2，转盘2可转动地配合安装在连接座5上，转盘2朝向驱动块4的端面上设有滑槽17，销轴3卡入滑槽17中，销轴3与转盘2的轴线相偏置，连接座5前部与油缸6的一端相连，油缸6的活塞杆14从油缸6伸出并与驱动块4相连，油缸6的另一端连接有齿轮轴9，齿轮轴9上固定安装有传动齿轮，油缸6的另一端的内端面与活塞7之间设有复位弹簧8，活塞7中心连接有供油管13，供油管13通过活塞杆14上的侧向进出油孔18连接到油缸6靠近连接座5一侧的腔体中，供油管13另一端与旋转接头12相连接。活塞7前端中心还连接有导向管11，导向管11配合穿过油缸6的前端盖，供油管13同轴设置在导向管11内。导向管11上设有平衡气孔19。导流尾座15中心设有导向套16，活塞杆14的伸出端一直延伸到导向套16内。本实施例中，驱动块4整体呈四方形，销轴3对应设置在驱动块4的四角位置，对应的推进桨叶1有四个。
该装置专用于船舶上，作为动力系统的动力输出部分使用，在船舶正车行进时，该装置中的油缸6不动作，复位弹簧8推挤活塞7处于死点位置，螺旋桨转动可推动船舶前进，此时，船舶处于正车状态；当需要倒车时，油缸6靠近连接座5侧一侧的腔体进油，活塞7带动驱动块4运动，使得销轴3驱动转盘2转动一定的角度，推进桨叶1自转，可改变推进桨叶1的螺距，使其与水的迎角变化，直至到达倒车状态。在正车向倒车转换的过程中，推 进桨叶1的负荷有一个逐渐减小，再逐渐增大的过程，可保证推进桨叶1换向时负荷较小。此外，将推进桨叶1转动到最小负荷时启动，还可以改善发动机的启动特性。
以上仅为本发明的可行实施例而已，并不局限再本实施例的保护范围内。除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式，凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种变距推进装置，包括推进桨叶和连接座，连接座尾部安装有导流尾座，其特征在于：所述连接座内与推进桨叶数目一一对应设有驱动块，驱动块外周设有突出于驱动块的销轴，推进桨叶根部设有转盘，转盘可转动地配合安装在连接座上，转盘朝向驱动块的端面上设有滑槽，所述销轴卡入所述滑槽中，销轴与转盘的轴线相偏置，连接座前部与油缸的一端相连，油缸的活塞杆从油缸伸出并与驱动块相连，油缸的另一端连接有齿轮轴，齿轮轴上固定安装有传动齿轮，所述油缸的另一端的内端面与活塞之间设有复位弹簧，活塞中心连接有供油管，供油管通过活塞杆上的侧向进出油孔连接到油缸靠近连接座一侧的腔体中，供油管另一端与旋转接头相连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变距推进装置，其特征在于：所述活塞前端中心还连接有导向管，导向管配合穿过油缸的前端盖，所述供油管同轴设置在导向管内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的变距推进装置，其特征在于：所述导向管上设有平衡气孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的变距推进装置，其特征在于：所述导流尾座中心设有导向套，活塞杆的伸出端一直延伸到导向套内。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的变距推进装置，其特征在于：所述推进桨叶有2-6片。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的变距推进装置，其特征在于：所述推进桨叶为螺旋叶片。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的变距推进装置，其特征在于：所述驱动块整体呈四方形，销轴对应设置在驱动块的四角位置，对应的推进桨叶有四个。
PCT/CN2016/106817 2016-11-22 2016-11-22 变距推进装置 WO2018094575A1 (zh)

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CN108750056A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-11-06 杭州前进齿轮箱集团股份有限公司 一种油缸后置式的可调桨桨毂
CN109292066A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-02-01 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 机械式的应急调距装置
CN113060783A (zh) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-02 江西师范大学 一种库塘小水体水环境治理用处理剂均匀投放装置
CN114275138A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-05 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 一种新型导气旋风子

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US2987123A (en) * 1950-11-16 1961-06-06 Liaaen Nils Johannes Arrangement in propellers with variable pitch blades
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CN108750056A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-11-06 杭州前进齿轮箱集团股份有限公司 一种油缸后置式的可调桨桨毂
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CN113060783B (zh) * 2021-03-30 2022-06-14 江西师范大学 一种库塘小水体水环境治理用处理剂均匀投放装置
CN114275138A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-05 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 一种新型导气旋风子
CN114275138B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-11-28 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 一种导气旋风子

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