WO2018086483A1 - 碰撞缓冲装置 - Google Patents

碰撞缓冲装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018086483A1
WO2018086483A1 PCT/CN2017/109279 CN2017109279W WO2018086483A1 WO 2018086483 A1 WO2018086483 A1 WO 2018086483A1 CN 2017109279 W CN2017109279 W CN 2017109279W WO 2018086483 A1 WO2018086483 A1 WO 2018086483A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
rubber air
rubber
absorber
safety valve
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PCT/CN2017/109279
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘红才
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刘红才
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Application filed by 刘红才 filed Critical 刘红才
Publication of WO2018086483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018086483A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R19/20—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable
    • B60R19/205—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable inflatable in the direction of an obstacle upon impending impact, e.g. using air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D25/00—Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
    • B64D45/04—Landing aids; Safety measures to prevent collision with earth's surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D2201/00—Airbags mounted in aircraft for any use

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a collision buffering device, in particular to a collision buffering device for a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of safety protection in transportation operations.
  • the invention aims to provide a collision buffering device with good energy absorption effect, which can solve the problem that the energy absorption effect of the existing collision buffering device is not good, causing huge economic loss and casualties to the society.
  • the invention not only superimposes three kinds of flexible energy absorption at the time of low impact force, but also reduces the impact force more, the energy absorption effect is doubled better than the prior art, and the impact force at medium speed and high speed is large.
  • the safety valve 12 is The pressure is quickly turned on and the exhaust gas is automatically turned on in turn, resulting in multiple three kinds of flexible energy absorption at the same time superimposing, the energy absorption effect is multiplied, the impact force is more reduced, the damage and the casualties are minimized; and the aircraft falls and the ground falls. Collision, when the impact force is very large, the crew and passengers have almost no survival. This contemporary worldwide scientific problem will be broken by the simultaneous superposition of more than three kinds of flexible energy absorption of the collision buffer device of the present invention, the crew and Passengers have a high rate of survival.
  • the solution adopted by the present invention is: a collision buffering device, which is used for a collision part of a vehicle, such as a front beam or a rear beam of a car, instead of a front bumper and an energy absorbing box or a rear bumper, and a collision buffering device thereof,
  • the utility model comprises a fixing plate 6, at least one rubber air absorbing device group 1, a baffle plate 5 and a plurality of cylindrical tubes 7 connected;
  • the fixing plate 6 is arranged in parallel with the baffle plate 5, and is vertically connected to the support frame by two ends of the plurality of cylindrical tubes 7, and the at least one rubber air absorber group 1 is disposed in the support frame, and the rubber air is sucked.
  • the upper end steel plate 8 of the rubber air absorber 2 at the uppermost end of the energy unit 1 is connected to the baffle 5, and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 at the lowermost end of the rubber air absorber group 1 is connected with the fixing plate 6;
  • the air absorber group 1 is a rubber air absorber 2
  • the upper end steel plate 8 of the rubber air absorber 2 is connected to the baffle 5, and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 is connected to the fixing plate 6;
  • the rubber air absorber group 1 comprises at least one rubber air absorber 2, a plurality of rubber air absorbers 2
  • the first steel column 3 and the second steel column 4 are connected vertically by at least one set;
  • the rubber air absorber 2 includes an air spring and a lower end steel plate 9 of the air spring is provided with at least one safety valve 12 and a check valve 11 to seal the air inlet of the air spring.
  • the number of the rubber air absorber groups 1 is two to twenty, two to twenty rubber air absorber groups 1 or laterally are arranged in a row in the support frame.
  • the pressure of the safety valve 12 is not equal.
  • the height of the steel columns is equal.
  • the planes of the baffle 5, the fixed plate 6, the upper end steel plate 8 and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 are perpendicular to the direction of the impact force.
  • An anti-collision rubber air absorbing device 2 comprising an air spring and compressed air in the air spring to form a compressed air chamber, characterized in that: the lower end steel plate of the air spring 9 is provided with at least one safety valve 12 and a one-way valve 11, the air inlet of the air spring is sealed, and the safety valve 12 is automatically activated when the internal air pressure of the anti-collision rubber air absorber 2 exceeds the pressure of the safety valve 12 thereof Turn on the exhaust.
  • the pressure of the safety valve 12 is not equal.
  • the planes of the upper end steel plate 8 and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 are perpendicular to the direction of the impact force.
  • the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 is provided with a plurality of studs and nuts.
  • the air in each rubber air absorbing device 2 of sufficient air in the device is squeezed and compressed by the impact force, and the curved rubber balloon 10 is expanded outward to generate two. a better flexible energy absorption; at the same time, the rubber air absorber 2 with sufficient air is squeezed by the impact force, the internal air pressure thereof rises rapidly, and the pressure of the safety valve 12 is different, so that the rubber air absorber 2
  • the safety valve 12 automatically opens the exhaust gas in sequence, and also produces a plurality of very good flexible energy absorption; one or more three kinds of effective flexible energy absorption stacking, so that the impact force is more reduced, the damage and personnel will be
  • the number of rubber air absorbers 1 in the device of the invention is small, it is especially suitable for vehicles with less impact force such as motorcycles, electric bicycles, electric tricycles, etc.; rubber air absorbers in the device of the invention When the number of groups 1 is two or more, it is also applicable to steam.
  • the invention also has the advantages of convenient and flexible use, and can be widely applied to various vehicles.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, safety and reliability, low manufacturing cost, and the main parts can be reused, and the use cost is lower.
  • the energy absorbing effect produced is better than that of a single vehicle, and the energy absorbing effect is better.
  • the invention is also applicable to the collision buffer of vertical elevators and bridge piers on the water surface.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a collision buffering device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a rubber air absorber
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a second steel plate of a steel sheet in which the rubber air absorber is provided with at least one safety valve and a one-way valve;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which a plurality of rubber air absorber groups 1 of the collision absorbing device of the present invention are arranged in a row;
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view showing a plurality of rubber air absorber groups 1 of the collision buffering device of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 1- rubber air absorber group; 2- rubber air absorber; 3-first steel column; 4- second steel column; 5-baffle; 6-fixed plate; 7-cylindrical tube; 8- rubber air absorber without upper safety valve and check valve upper plate is referred to as the first steel plate; 9-rubber air absorber is provided with at least one safety valve and a check valve lower end steel plate referred to as the second steel plate; Curved rubber airbag for rubber air absorber; 11-check valve for rubber air absorber; 12-safe valve for rubber air absorber.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a collision buffering device of the present embodiment specifically includes a fixing plate 6, at least one rubber air absorbing device group 1, a baffle plate 5, and a plurality of cylindrical tubes 7 connected;
  • the fixing plate 6 is arranged in parallel with the baffle plate 5, and is vertically connected to the support frame by two ends of the plurality of cylindrical tubes 7, and the at least one rubber air absorber group 1 is disposed in the support frame, and the rubber air is sucked.
  • the upper end steel plate 8 of the rubber air absorber 2 at the uppermost end of the energy unit 1 is connected to the baffle 5, and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 at the lowermost end of the rubber air absorber group 1 is connected with the fixing plate 6;
  • the air absorber group 1 is a rubber air absorber 2
  • the upper end steel plate 8 of the rubber air absorber 2 is connected to the baffle 5, and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 is connected to the fixing plate 6;
  • the rubber air absorber group 1 comprises at least one rubber air absorber 2, and the plurality of rubber air absorbers 2 are vertically connected by at least one set of the first steel column 3 and the second steel column 4, respectively. ;
  • the rubber air absorbing device 2 includes an air spring and a lower end steel plate 9 of the air spring is provided with at least one safety valve 12 and a check valve 11 to seal the air inlet hole of the air spring;
  • the number of the rubber air absorber groups 1 is two to twenty, two to twenty rubber air absorber groups 1 or laterally distributed in a row in the support frame;
  • the pressure of the safety valve 12 is not equal; one set of the first steel column 3 or the second steel column 4 is When a plurality of steel columns are used, the heights of the steel columns are equal; the heights of the cylindrical tubes 7 are equal; the planes of the baffles 5, the fixed plates 6, the upper end steel plates 8 and the lower end steel plates 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 are in the direction of the impact force. vertical;
  • an anti-collision rubber air absorbing device 2 includes an air spring and compressed air in the air spring to form a compressed air chamber.
  • the lower end steel plate 9 of the air spring is provided with at least one safety valve 12 and a one-way valve 11 , the air inlet of which is sealed, and the internal air pressure of the anti-collision rubber air absorber 2 exceeds its safety valve When the pressure is 12, the safety valve 12 automatically opens the exhaust; when the safety valve 12 of the rubber air absorber 2 is two or more, the pressure of the safety valve 12 is not equal; the upper end steel plate 8 of the rubber air absorber 2
  • the plane of the lower end steel plate 9 is perpendicular to the direction of the impact force; when the rubber air absorber 2 requires the stud and the nut to be fixed, the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 is provided with several studs and nuts.
  • the collision buffering device When the present invention is installed, the collision buffering device is disposed through the fixing plate 6 at a portion where the vehicle is easily bumped, such as at the front cross member or the rear cross member of the automobile, instead of the front bumper and the energy absorbing box or the rear bumper, when the occurrence occurs.
  • the impact force F is transmitted by the baffle 5 to each rubber air absorber group 1, and the rubber air absorber 2 passes through at least one set of steel columns, the first steel column 3 and the second steel column 4
  • the impact force is transmitted to each rubber air absorbing device 2, and the like, and the impact force is transmitted to each of the rubber air absorbing devices 2 of the air cushioning device 1 in FIG.
  • the rubber air absorber group 1 of the device When the rubber air absorber group 1 of the device is one or more, the air in each of the rubber air absorbers 2 of sufficient air is squeezed and compressed by the impact force, and the curved rubber airbag 10 is inflated outward.
  • the height becomes smaller, producing one or more two better flexible energy absorptions, while the internal pressure rapidly rises above its safety valve pressure, and the pressure of its safety valve 12 is different, so that its rubber air absorber 2
  • Each safety valve 12 automatically opens the exhaust gas in sequence.
  • the height of the rubber air absorber 2 becomes smaller, and the solid also produces one or more multiple flexible energy absorptions, and one or more three kinds of effective energy absorption superpositions make the impact force slow down more. The damage and casualties are minimized, and the two vehicles that collide with each other are equipped with the device, and the energy absorption effect is better.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • An anti-collision rubber air absorbing device 2 of the embodiment is characterized in that: the anti-collision rubber air absorbing device 2 comprises an air spring and compressed air in the air spring to form a compressed air chamber, and the characteristics thereof
  • the lower end steel plate 9 of the air spring is provided with at least one safety valve 12 and a one-way valve 11 , the air inlet of which is sealed, and the internal air pressure of the anti-collision rubber air absorber 2 exceeds its safety valve 12 When the pressure is applied, the safety valve 12 automatically opens the exhaust;
  • the pressure of the safety valve 12 is not equal; the upper end steel plate 8 and the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorbing device 2
  • the planes are all perpendicular to the direction of the impact force; when the rubber air absorber 2 requires the studs and nuts to be fixed, the lower end steel plate 9 of the rubber air absorber 2 is provided with a plurality of studs and nuts.
  • the anti-collision rubber air absorbing device 2 When the present invention is installed, the anti-collision rubber air absorbing device 2 is disposed at a portion where the vehicle is easily subjected to collision by the lower end steel plate 9, or is disposed at a portion where the seat of the aircraft is easily hit, and when a collision occurs, the collision occurs.
  • the force F1 squeezes the upper end steel plate 8 of the air-entrained rubber air absorbing device 2, so that the air inside is compressed, the curved rubber air bag 10 expands outward, and the height of the rubber air absorbing device 2 becomes small, and two types are solidified.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种碰撞缓冲装置，包括至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组（1），设置于平行对齐且通过至少两根圆柱管（7）分别垂直连接的固定板（6）和挡板（5）构成的支撑架内，橡胶空气吸能器组（1）包括至少一个橡胶空气吸能器（2），其通过至少一根一组的钢柱（3，4）分别垂直连接；橡胶空气吸能器（2）包括空气弹簧，该空气弹簧的下端钢板（9）上设置有至少一个安全阀（12）和一个单向阀（11），该空气弹簧的进气孔密封。该装置是汽车低、中、高速撞击时，其安全阀（12）因压力不同迅速依次自动打开排气，多个几种柔性吸能同时叠加，吸能效果倍增，解决了现有缓冲装置吸能效果不佳，给社会造成巨大经济损失和人员伤亡的问题。

Description

碰撞缓冲装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种碰撞缓冲装置，尤其涉及一种交通工具的碰撞缓冲装置，属于运输作业中的安全防护技术领域。
背景技术
目前碰撞事故频繁发生，且现有技术吸能效果不佳，给社会造成了巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡，故而研发人员急需研制一种吸能效果好的碰撞缓冲装置。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种吸能效果好的碰撞缓冲装置，可以解决现有碰撞缓冲装置吸能效果不佳，给社会造成了巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡的问题。本发明不仅在低速撞击力较小的时候，三种柔性吸能同时叠加，使撞击力减少更多，吸能效果成倍地优于现有技术，而且，在中速和高速撞击力较大的时候，多个三种的柔性吸能同时叠加，使撞击力减少更多，吸能效果更加成倍地优于现有技术，尤其是汽车低、中、高速撞击时，其安全阀12因压力不同迅速依次自动打开排气，产生多个三种的柔性吸能同时叠加，吸能效果倍增，使得撞击力减缓更多，将碰损和人员伤亡降到最低；还有飞机高空坠落与地面碰撞，撞击力很大时，机组人员和乘客几乎无一生还，这一当代世界性科学难题，将被本发明碰撞缓冲装置的更多个三种的柔性吸能同时叠加所打破，机组人员和乘客生还率高。
本发明所采取的方案为：一种碰撞缓冲装置，用于交通工具易碰撞部位，如汽车的前横梁或后横梁处，代替前保险杠和吸能盒或后保险杠，其碰撞缓冲装置，包括固定板6、至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组1、挡板5和多根圆柱管7连接而成；
所述固定板6与挡板5平行对齐设置，并通过多根圆柱管7的两端分别垂直连接构成支撑架，所述至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组1设置于支撑架内，橡胶空气吸能器组1最上端一个橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8与挡板5连接，橡胶空气吸能器组1最下端一个橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9与固定板6连接；橡胶空气吸能器组1为一个橡胶空气吸能器2时，该橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8与挡板5连接，该橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9与固定板6连接；
所述橡胶空气吸能器组1包括至少一个橡胶空气吸能器2，多个橡胶空气吸能器2 之间通过至少一根一组的第一钢柱3和第二钢柱4分别垂直连接；
所述橡胶空气吸能器2包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧的下端钢板9上设置有至少一个安全阀12和一个单向阀11，将该空气弹簧的进气孔密封。
进一步地：橡胶空气吸能器组1的数量为两个至二十个时，两个至二十个橡胶空气吸能器组1或横向成一排分布在支撑架内。
进一步地：橡胶空气吸能器2的安全阀12为两个或多个时，该安全阀12的压力不相等。
进一步地：一组第一钢柱3或第二钢柱4为多根钢柱时，该钢柱的高度相等。
进一步地：圆柱管7的高度相等。
进一步地：挡板5、固定板6、橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8和下端钢板9的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直。
一种防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧内的压缩空气，形成一个压缩空气室，其特征在于：该空气弹簧的下端钢板9设置有至少一个安全阀12和一个单向阀11，该空气弹簧的进气孔密封，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2内部空气压力超过其安全阀12压力时，其安全阀12自动打开排气。
进一步地：橡胶空气吸能器2的安全阀12为两个或多个时，其安全阀12的压力不相等。
进一步地：橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8、下端钢板9的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直。
进一步地：橡胶空气吸能器2需要螺柱和螺母固定时，橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9安装有几个螺柱和螺母。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
使用本发明的碰撞缓冲装置的交通工具，发生碰撞时，本装置里充足空气的各橡胶空气吸能器2内的空气因撞击力的挤压压缩，曲形橡胶气囊10向外膨胀，产生两种较好的柔性吸能；同时具有充足空气的橡胶空气吸能器2因撞击力挤压，其内部的空气压力迅速升高，且安全阀12的压力不同，使其橡胶空气吸能器2的安全阀12迅速依次自动打开排气，也产生一种多次很好的柔性吸能；一个或多个三种效果好的柔性吸能叠加，使得撞击力减缓更多，将碰损和人员伤亡降到最低，本发明装置里橡胶空气吸能器组1数量较少时，尤其适用于摩托车、电动自行车、电动三轮车等撞击力较小的交通工具；本发明装置里橡胶空气吸能器组1数量两个或多个时，还适用于汽 车、船舶、火车、高铁、轻轨、地铁、飞机等撞击力较大的交通运输工具。本发明还具有使用方便灵活，可以广泛适用于各种交通工具；本发明结构简单、设计合理、安全可靠、制造成本低廉，且主要零部件能够重复使用，使用成本更加低廉。相互碰撞的两个交通工具均安装本发明的碰撞缓冲装置，则产生的吸能效果比单个交通工具安装本装置，吸能效果会更好。本发明还适用于垂直电梯、水面上桥梁墩的碰撞缓冲。
附图说明
图1是本发明碰撞缓冲装置的剖面图；
图2是橡胶空气吸能器的剖面图；
图3是橡胶空气吸能器设置有至少一个安全阀和一个单向阀的钢板第二钢板俯视图；
图4是本发明碰撞缓冲装置的多个橡胶空气吸能器组1一排布置主视状态图；
图5是本发明碰撞缓冲装置的多个橡胶空气吸能器组1一排布置俯视状态图；
图1中：1-橡胶空气吸能器组；2-橡胶空气吸能器；3-第一钢柱；4-第二钢柱；5-挡板；6-固定板；7-圆柱管；8-橡胶空气吸能器没有安全阀和单向阀的上端钢板简称第一钢板；9-橡胶空气吸能器设置有至少一个安全阀和一个单向阀的下端钢板简称第二钢板；10-橡胶空气吸能器的曲形橡胶气囊；11-橡胶空气吸能器的单向阀；12-橡胶空气吸能器的安全阀。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
本实施方式的一种碰撞缓冲装置，其具体为，包括固定板6、至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组1、挡板5和多根圆柱管7连接而成；
所述固定板6与挡板5平行对齐设置，并通过多根圆柱管7的两端分别垂直连接构成支撑架，所述至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组1设置于支撑架内，橡胶空气吸能器组1最上端一个橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8与挡板5连接，橡胶空气吸能器组1最下端一个橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9与固定板6连接；橡胶空气吸能器组1为一个橡胶空气吸能器2时，该橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8与挡板5连接，该橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9与固定板6连接；
所述橡胶空气吸能器组1包括至少一个橡胶空气吸能器2，多个橡胶空气吸能器2之间通过至少一根一组的第一钢柱3和第二钢柱4分别垂直连接；
所述橡胶空气吸能器2包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧的下端钢板9上设置有至少一个安全阀12和一个单向阀11，将该空气弹簧的进气孔密封；
本实施方式中的碰撞缓冲装置里橡胶空气吸能器组1的数量为两个至二十个时，两个至二十个橡胶空气吸能器组1或横向成一排分布在支撑架内；
本实施方式中的碰撞缓冲装置里橡胶空气吸能器2的安全阀12为两个或多个时，该安全阀12的压力不相等；一组第一钢柱3或第二钢柱4为多根钢柱时，该钢柱的高度相等；圆柱管7的高度相等；挡板5、固定板6、橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8和下端钢板9的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直；
本实施方式中的碰撞缓冲装置里一种防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧内的压缩空气，形成一个压缩空气室，其特征在于：该空气弹簧的下端钢板9设置有至少一个安全阀12和一个单向阀11，该空气弹簧的进气孔密封，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2内部空气压力超过其安全阀12压力时，其安全阀12自动打开排气；橡胶空气吸能器2的安全阀12为两个或多个时，其安全阀12的压力不相等；橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8、下端钢板9的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直；橡胶空气吸能器2需要螺柱和螺母固定时，橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9安装有几个螺柱和螺母。
本发明安装时，把本碰撞缓冲装置通过固定板6设置在交通工具容易受到碰撞的部位，如汽车的前横梁处或后横梁处，代替前保险杠和吸能盒或后保险杠，当发生碰撞时，撞击力F由挡板5传递至每个橡胶空气吸能器组1，其橡胶空气吸能器2间通过至少一根一组的钢柱第一钢柱3和第二钢柱4分别将撞击力传递至各橡胶空气吸能器2，以此类推将撞击力传递至碰撞缓冲装置图4里的每个橡胶空气吸能器组1里充足空气的每个橡胶空气吸能器2，当本装置里橡胶空气吸能器组1为一个或多个时，其充足空气的各橡胶空气吸能器2内的空气因撞击力挤压压缩，曲形橡胶气囊10向外膨胀，其高度变小，产生一个或多个两种较好的柔性吸能，同时其内部压力迅速升高超过其安全阀压力时，且其安全阀12的压力不同，使其橡胶空气吸能器2的各安全阀12迅速依次自动打开排气，其橡胶空气吸能器2的高度变小，固也产生一个或多个一种多次很好的柔性吸能，一个或多个三种效果好的柔性吸能叠加，使得撞击力减缓更多，将碰损及人员伤亡降低到最低，相互碰撞的两个交通工具都安装本装置，吸能效果会更好。
虽然本发明所揭示的实施方式如上，但其内容只是为了便于理解本发明的技术方 案而采用的实施方式，并非用于限定本发明，任何本发明所属技术领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所揭示的核心技术方案的前提下，可以在实施的形式和细节上做任何修改与变化，但本发明所限定的保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书限定的范围为准。
实施例二：
本实施方式的一种防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2，其具体为：该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧内的压缩空气，形成一个压缩空气室，其特征在于：该空气弹簧的下端钢板9设置有至少一个安全阀12和一个单向阀11，该空气弹簧的进气孔密封，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2内部空气压力超过其安全阀12压力时，其安全阀12自动打开排气；
本实施方式中的该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2的安全阀12为两个或多个时，其安全阀12的压力不相等；橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8、下端钢板9的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直；橡胶空气吸能器2需要螺柱和螺母固定时，橡胶空气吸能器2的下端钢板9安装有几个螺柱和螺母。
本发明安装时，把本防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器2通过其下端钢板9设置在交通工具容易受到碰撞的部位，或设置在飞机的座椅容易受到撞击的部位，当发生碰撞时，撞击力F1挤压充足空气的橡胶空气吸能器2的上端钢板8，使其内部的空气被压缩，曲形橡胶气囊10向外膨胀，橡胶空气吸能器2的高度变小，固产生两种较好的柔性吸能，同时其内部空气的压力升高超过其安全阀的压力时，且各安全阀12的压力不同，使其各安全阀12迅速依次自动打开排气，橡胶空气吸能器2的高度变小，也产生一种多次很好的柔性吸能，三种效果好的柔性吸能叠加，使得撞击力减缓更多，将碰损及人员伤亡降到最低。
虽然本发明所揭示的实施方式如上，但其内容只是为了便于理解本发明的技术方案而采用的实施方式，并非用于限定本发明，任何本发明所属技术领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所揭示的核心技术方案的前提下，可以在实施的形式和细节上做任何修改与变化，但本发明所限定的保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书限定的范围为准。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种碰撞缓冲装置，其特征在于：包括固定板(6)、至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组(1)、挡板(5)和多根圆柱管(7)连接而成；
    所述固定板(6)与挡板(5)平行对齐设置，并通过多根圆柱管(7)的两端分别垂直连接构成支撑架，所述至少一个橡胶空气吸能器组(1)设置于支撑架内，橡胶空气吸能器组(1)最上端一个橡胶空气吸能器(2)的上端钢板(8)与挡板(5)连接，橡胶空气吸能器组(1)最下端一个橡胶空气吸能器(2)的下端钢板(9)与固定板(6)连接；橡胶空气吸能器组(1)为一个橡胶空气吸能器(2)时，该橡胶空气吸能器(2)的上端钢板(8)与挡板(5)连接，该橡胶空气吸能器(2)的下端钢板(9)与固定板(6)连接；
    所述橡胶空气吸能器组(1)包括至少一个橡胶空气吸能器(2)，多个橡胶空气吸能器(2)之间通过至少一根一组的第一钢柱(3)和第二钢柱(4)分别垂直连接；
    所述橡胶空气吸能器(2)包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧的下端钢板(9)上设置有至少一个安全阀(12)和一个单向阀(11)，将该空气弹簧的进气孔密封。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的碰撞缓冲装置，其特征在于：橡胶空气吸能器组(1)的数量为两个至二十个时，两个至二十个橡胶空气吸能器组(1)或横向成一排分布在支撑架内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的碰撞缓冲装置，其特征在于：橡胶空气吸能器(2)的安全阀(12)为两个或多个时，该安全阀(12)的压力不相等。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的碰撞缓冲装置，其特征在于：一组第一钢柱(3)或第二钢柱(4)为多根钢柱时，该钢柱的高度相等。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的碰撞缓冲装置，其特征在于：圆柱管(7)的高度相等。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的碰撞缓冲装置，其特征在于：挡板(5)、固定板(6)、橡胶空气吸能器(2)的上端钢板(8)和下端钢板(9)的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直。
  7. 一种防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器(2)，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器(2)包括空气弹簧和该空气弹簧内的压缩空气，形成一个压缩空气室，其特征在于：该空气弹簧的下端钢板(9)设置有至少一个安全阀(12)和一个单向阀(11)，该空气弹簧的进气孔密封，该防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器(2)内部空气压力超过其安全阀(12)压力时，其安全阀(12)自动打开排气。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器(2)，其特征在于：橡胶空气吸 能器(2)的安全阀(12)为两个或多个时，其安全阀(12)的压力不相等。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的防碰撞的橡胶空气吸能器(2)，其特征在于：橡胶空气吸能器(2)的上端钢板(8)、下端钢板(9)的平面均与撞击力的方向垂直。
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