WO2018079785A1 - アクリルゴムの製造方法 - Google Patents
アクリルゴムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018079785A1 WO2018079785A1 PCT/JP2017/039179 JP2017039179W WO2018079785A1 WO 2018079785 A1 WO2018079785 A1 WO 2018079785A1 JP 2017039179 W JP2017039179 W JP 2017039179W WO 2018079785 A1 WO2018079785 A1 WO 2018079785A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/26—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F20/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F20/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/30—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents non-ionic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/14—Treatment of polymer emulsions
- C08F6/22—Coagulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing acrylic rubber, and more specifically, an acrylic rubber capable of appropriately suppressing the occurrence of contamination of a polymerization apparatus during polymerization and effectively preventing the occurrence of mutual adhesion of water-containing crumbs. It relates to the manufacturing method.
- Acrylic rubber is a polymer mainly composed of an acrylate ester and is generally known as a rubber excellent in heat resistance, oil resistance and ozone resistance, and is widely used in fields related to automobiles.
- Such an acrylic rubber is usually obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture constituting the acrylic rubber, coagulating the resulting emulsion polymerization solution by adding a coagulant, and drying the hydrous crumb obtained by coagulation. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, can appropriately suppress the occurrence of contamination of the polymerization apparatus during polymerization, and can effectively prevent the occurrence of mutual adhesion of water-containing crumbs. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of acrylic rubber.
- the present inventors perform emulsion polymerization in the presence of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier when the monomer for forming an acrylic rubber is emulsion polymerized.
- the inventors have found that the above object can be achieved, and have completed the present invention.
- an acrylic rubber production method comprising: an emulsion polymerization step for obtaining water; and a coagulation step for obtaining water-containing crumb by adding a coagulant to the emulsion polymerization solution and solidifying the emulsion.
- the nonionic emulsifier is preferably a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or a polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide copolymer.
- the anionic emulsifier is preferably a higher alcohol sulfate ester salt or sodium lauryl sulfate.
- the amount of the nonionic emulsifier used is preferably more than 0 parts by weight and 4 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer for forming the acrylic rubber. More preferably, it is from 7 to 1.7 parts by weight.
- the amount of the anionic emulsifier used is preferably more than 0 parts by weight and 4 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer for forming the acrylic rubber. More preferably, it is 35 to 0.75 parts by weight.
- the nonionic emulsifier and the anionic emulsifier are preferably used in a weight ratio of nonionic emulsifier / anionic emulsifier of 10/90 to 80/20, preferably 50/50 to 75. / 25 is more preferable.
- the coagulant is preferably magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate.
- the solidification temperature in the solidification step is preferably 78 to 90 ° C.
- a monomer, a polymerization initiator, and a reducing agent for forming the acrylic rubber are continuously dropped into the polymerization reaction system from the start of the polymerization reaction to an arbitrary time. It is preferable to carry out the emulsion polymerization reaction.
- the monomer for forming the acrylic rubber is in the state of a monomer emulsion mixed with an emulsifier and water, from the start of the polymerization reaction to an arbitrary time from the polymerization reaction system. It is preferable to carry out the emulsion polymerization reaction while continuously dropping the solution.
- blending a crosslinking agent with the acrylic rubber obtained by the said manufacturing method is provided. Furthermore, according to this invention, the manufacturing method of the rubber crosslinked material provided with the process of bridge
- a method for producing acrylic rubber that can appropriately suppress the occurrence of contamination of the polymerization apparatus during polymerization and can effectively prevent the occurrence of mutual adhesion of hydrous crumbs.
- the acrylic rubber manufactured by the manufacturing method of this invention is demonstrated.
- the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention is a (meth) acrylic acid ester as a main component in the molecule (in the present invention, it has 50% by weight or more in the total monomer units of rubber).
- Monomer meaning acrylic acid ester monomer and / or methacrylic acid ester monomer. The same applies to methyl (meth) acrylate.
- the (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer that forms the (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer unit that is the main component of the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited. ) Acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer and (meth) acrylic acid alkoxyalkyl ester monomer.
- the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer is not particularly limited, but is preferably an ester of an alkanol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and (meth) acrylic acid, specifically, methyl (meth) acrylate, ( (Meth) ethyl acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid n-propyl, (meth) acrylic acid isopropyl, (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl, (meth) acrylic acid isobutyl, (meth) acrylic acid n-hexyl, (meth) Examples include 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate.
- ethyl (meth) acrylate and n-butyl (meth) acrylate are preferable, and ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate are particularly preferable. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the (meth) acrylic acid alkoxyalkyl ester monomer is not particularly limited, but an ester of an alkoxyalkyl alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and (meth) acrylic acid is preferable.
- (meth) acrylic acid Methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-propoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-butoxyethyl (meth) acrylate , 3-methoxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-methoxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- 2-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate and 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate are preferable, and 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate are particularly preferable. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer unit in the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention is usually from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 60 to 99.5% by weight. Preferably, it is 70 to 99.5% by weight. If the content of the (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer unit is too small, the weather resistance, heat resistance and oil resistance of the resulting rubber cross-linked product may be lowered. There is a risk that the heat resistance of the object will decrease.
- (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer unit (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit 30 to 100% by weight, and (meth) acrylic It is preferable to use an acid alkoxyalkyl ester monomer unit comprising 70 to 0% by weight.
- the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention may contain a crosslinkable monomer unit, if necessary, in addition to the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit.
- the crosslinkable monomer that forms the crosslinkable monomer unit is not particularly limited. For example, an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer; a monomer having an epoxy group; a halogen atom Monomer; diene monomer; and the like.
- the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer that forms the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer unit is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include ⁇ , ⁇ - having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the acrylic rubber By using the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, the acrylic rubber can be converted into a carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber having a carboxyl group as a crosslinking point, and thus a rubber cross-linked product can be obtained. Further, the compression set resistance can be further improved.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ⁇ -ethylacrylic acid, crotonic acid, and cinnamic acid.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 12 carbon atoms include butenedionic acid such as fumaric acid and maleic acid; itaconic acid; citraconic acid; chloromaleic acid;
- monoesters of ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and alkanols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include monomethyl fumarate, monoethyl fumarate, mono n-butyl fumarate, malein Butenedionic acid mono-chain alkyl esters such as monomethyl acid, monoethyl maleate, and mono-n-butyl maleate; monocyclopentyl fumarate, monocyclohexyl fumarate, monocyclohexenyl fumarate, monocyclopentyl maleate, monocyclohexyl maleate, maleate And butenedionic acid monoesters having an alicyclic structure such
- Epoxy group containing (meth) acrylic acid ester such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate
- Epoxy group containing ethers such as allyl glycidyl ether and vinyl glycidyl ether; Is mentioned.
- unsaturated alcohol ester of a halogen-containing saturated carboxylic acid For example, unsaturated alcohol ester of a halogen-containing saturated carboxylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid haloalkyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid haloacyloxyalkyl ester, (meth) acrylic Examples include acid (haloacetylcarbamoyloxy) alkyl esters, halogen-containing unsaturated ethers, halogen-containing unsaturated ketones, halomethyl group-containing aromatic vinyl compounds, halogen-containing unsaturated amides, and haloacetyl group-containing unsaturated monomers.
- the unsaturated alcohol ester of a halogen-containing saturated carboxylic acid include vinyl chloroacetate, vinyl 2-chloropropionate, and allyl chloroacetate.
- Specific examples of (meth) acrylic acid haloalkyl esters include chloromethyl (meth) acrylate, 1-chloroethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-chloroethyl (meth) acrylate, 1,2-dichloroethyl (meth) acrylate. , 2-chloropropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-chloropropyl (meth) acrylate, and 2,3-dichloropropyl (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylic acid haloacyloxyalkyl esters include 2- (chloroacetoxy) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (chloroacetoxy) propyl (meth) acrylate, and 3- (chloro) (meth) acrylic acid. Acetoxy) propyl and 3- (hydroxychloroacetoxy) propyl (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylic acid (haloacetylcarbamoyloxy) alkyl esters include 2- (chloroacetylcarbamoyloxy) ethyl (meth) acrylate and 3- (chloroacetylcarbamoyloxy) propyl (meth) acrylate Is mentioned.
- halogen-containing unsaturated ether examples include chloromethyl vinyl ether, 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, 3-chloropropyl vinyl ether, 2-chloroethyl allyl ether, and 3-chloropropyl allyl ether.
- halogen-containing unsaturated ketone examples include 2-chloroethyl vinyl ketone, 3-chloropropyl vinyl ketone, and 2-chloroethyl allyl ketone.
- halomethyl group-containing aromatic vinyl compound examples include p-chloromethylstyrene, m-chloromethylstyrene, o-chloromethylstyrene, and p-chloromethyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene.
- halogen-containing unsaturated amide examples include N-chloromethyl (meth) acrylamide.
- haloacetyl group-containing unsaturated monomer examples include 3- (hydroxychloroacetoxy) propyl allyl ether and p-vinylbenzyl chloroacetate.
- Examples of the diene monomer include conjugated diene monomers and non-conjugated diene monomers.
- Specific examples of the conjugated diene monomer include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, and piperylene.
- Specific examples of the non-conjugated diene monomer include ethylidene norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadienyl (meth) acrylate, and 2-dicyclopentadienyl ethyl (meth) acrylate. .
- the acrylic rubber when an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer is used, the acrylic rubber can be a carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber. By making the acrylic rubber into a carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber, it is possible to improve the compression set resistance while improving the oil resistance and heat resistance.
- the content of the crosslinkable monomer unit in the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 7% by weight, still more preferably 0. .5-5% by weight.
- the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention includes (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer units and other monomer units copolymerizable with these in addition to the crosslinkable monomer units used as necessary. You may have a unit of a mer.
- Such other copolymerizable monomers include aromatic vinyl monomers, ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomers, acrylamide monomers, and other olefin monomers. Can be mentioned.
- aromatic vinyl monomers examples include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, divinylbenzene and the like.
- Examples of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer include acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- Examples of acrylamide monomers include acrylamide and methacrylamide.
- Other olefinic monomers include ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, and the like.
- styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ethylene and vinyl acetate are preferable, and acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and ethylene are more preferable.
- the method for producing the acrylic rubber of the present invention comprises: An emulsion polymerization step of obtaining an emulsion polymerization solution by emulsion polymerization of a monomer for forming an acrylic rubber in the presence of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier; A coagulation step of obtaining a hydrous crumb by adding a coagulant to the emulsion polymerization liquid and coagulating it.
- the emulsion polymerization step in the production method of the present invention is a step of obtaining an emulsion polymerization solution by emulsion polymerization of a monomer for forming an acrylic rubber in the presence of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier.
- the production method of the present invention by using a combination of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier, it is possible to effectively generate dirt due to adhesion of aggregates due to polymerization to a polymerization apparatus (for example, a polymerization tank) during emulsion polymerization. It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of mutual adhesion of water-containing crumbs obtained by coagulation.
- a polymerization apparatus for example, a polymerization tank
- Nonionic emulsifiers include, for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers such as polyethylene oxide nonylphenol, polyoxyethylene alkyl esters such as polyoxyethylene stearate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan. Examples thereof include polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide copolymers such as alkyl esters and polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide glycol.
- the nonionic emulsifier those having a weight average molecular weight of less than 10,000 are preferable, those having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 8000 are more preferable, and those having a weight average molecular weight of 600 to 5000 are more preferable.
- anionic emulsifier examples include fatty acid salts such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid, alkylbenzene sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, higher alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate, Higher phosphoric acid ester salts such as sodium alkyl phosphoric acid ester, alkyl sulfosuccinate and the like can be mentioned.
- fatty acid salts such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid
- alkylbenzene sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate
- higher alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate
- Higher phosphoric acid ester salts such as sodium alkyl phosphoric acid ester, alkyl sulfosuccinate and the like can be mentioned.
- the use amount of the emulsifier is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 4 parts by weight, based on the total amount of the emulsifier to be used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization. More preferably, it is 1 to 3 parts by weight.
- the amount of the nonionic emulsifier used is more than 0 parts by weight, preferably 0. 1 to 3 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.7 to 1.7 parts by weight.
- the amount of the anionic emulsifier used is 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization. On the other hand, it is more than 0 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.35 to 0.75 parts by weight.
- the weight ratio of the nonionic emulsifier / anionic emulsifier is preferably 1/99 to 99/1, and preferably 10/90 to 80/20. More preferably, 25/75 to 75/25 is more preferable, and 50/50 to 75/25 is still more preferable. From the viewpoint of more appropriately preventing the occurrence of contamination of the polymerization apparatus during polymerization, 65/35 to 75/75 / 25 is particularly preferred.
- emulsion polymerization may be performed in the presence of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier.
- an emulsifier other than the nonionic emulsifier and the anionic emulsifier for example, a cationic emulsifier is used. Further, it may be used.
- the cationic emulsifier include alkyltrimethylammonium chloride, dialkylammonium chloride, and benzylammonium chloride.
- a polymerization initiator, a polymerization terminator and the like can be used in addition to the nonionic emulsifier and the anionic emulsifier according to a conventional method.
- azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile; organic peroxides such as diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, paramentane hydroperoxide, benzoyl peroxide; sodium persulfate, persulfate Inorganic peroxides such as potassium, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonium persulfate; can be used.
- organic peroxides such as diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, paramentane hydroperoxide, benzoyl peroxide
- sodium persulfate persulfate
- persulfate Inorganic peroxides such as potassium, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonium persulfate
- the organic peroxide and the inorganic peroxide as the polymerization initiator as a redox polymerization initiator in combination with a reducing agent.
- a reducing agent used in combination
- the compound containing metal ions in a reduced state such as ferrous sulfate, sodium hexamethylenediamine tetraacetate, cuprous naphthenate; ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate Ascorbic acid (salt) such as potassium ascorbate; Erythorbic acid (salt) such as erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, potassium erythorbate; saccharides; Sulphinates such as sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate; Sodium hydrogen hydride, sodium aldehyde sodium hydrogen sulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite; pyrosulfites such as sodium pyrosulfite, potassium pyrosulfite, sodium hydrogen bisulfit
- polymerization terminator examples include hydroxylamine, hydroxyamine sulfate, diethylhydroxyamine, hydroxyaminesulfonic acid and its alkali metal salt, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, hydroquinone and the like.
- the amount of the polymerization terminator used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization.
- the amount of water used is preferably 80 to 500 parts by weight, more preferably 100 to 300 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization.
- polymerization auxiliary materials such as a molecular weight adjusting agent, a particle size adjusting agent, a chelating agent, and an oxygen scavenger can be used as necessary.
- the emulsion polymerization may be carried out by any of batch, semi-batch and continuous methods, but the semi-batch method is preferred. Specifically, in the reaction system containing the polymerization initiator and the reducing agent, the polymerization reaction is performed while continuously dropping the monomer used for the polymerization to the polymerization reaction system from the start of the polymerization reaction to an arbitrary time.
- the polymerization reaction is preferable to perform the polymerization reaction while continuously dropping into the polymerization reaction system from the start of the polymerization reaction to any time, It is more preferable to perform the polymerization reaction while continuously dropping the monomer, polymerization initiator, and reducing agent used for the polymerization from the start of the polymerization reaction to an arbitrary time while continuously dropping into the polymerization reaction system.
- the polymerization is usually performed in a temperature range of 0 to 70 ° C., preferably 5 to 50 ° C.
- the monomer used for polymerization is mixed with an emulsifier and water to form a monomer emulsion, It is preferable to drop continuously in the state of an emulsion.
- the method for preparing the monomer emulsion is not particularly limited, and includes a method of stirring the total amount of monomers used for polymerization, the total amount of emulsifier, and water using a stirrer such as a homomixer or a disk turbine. Can be mentioned.
- the amount of water used in the monomer emulsion is preferably 10 to 70 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer used for the polymerization.
- the polymerization reaction when the polymerization reaction is carried out while continuously dropping into the polymerization reaction system from the start of the polymerization reaction to an arbitrary time for all of the monomer, polymerization initiator, and reducing agent used for the polymerization, these are separate. Or at least the polymerization initiator and the reducing agent may be mixed in advance and, if necessary, dropped into the polymerization system from the same dropping device as an aqueous solution. May be. After completion of dropping, the reaction may be continued for an arbitrary time in order to further improve the polymerization reaction rate.
- the coagulation step in the production method of the present invention is a step of obtaining a hydrous crumb by adding a coagulant to the emulsion polymerization liquid obtained by the emulsion polymerization step.
- the coagulant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include monovalent to trivalent metal salts.
- the monovalent to trivalent metal salt is a salt containing a metal that becomes a monovalent to trivalent metal ion when dissolved in water, and is not particularly limited.
- an inorganic acid selected from hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and the like
- a salt of an organic acid such as acetic acid or the like with a metal selected from sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, titanium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, aluminum, tin and the like.
- hydroxides of these metals can also be used.
- monovalent to trivalent metal salts include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, titanium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride, aluminum chloride, and chloride.
- Metal chlorides such as tin; nitrates such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate, titanium nitrate, manganese nitrate, iron nitrate, cobalt nitrate, nickel nitrate, aluminum nitrate, tin nitrate; sodium sulfate And sulfates such as potassium sulfate, lithium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, titanium sulfate, manganese sulfate, iron sulfate, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, aluminum sulfate and tin sulfate; Among these, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminum sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and sodium sulfate are prefer
- monovalent or divalent metal salts are preferable, and calcium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and sodium sulfate are more preferable, and the viewpoint that the scorch stability in the rubber composition can be further improved. More preferred are magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate. Moreover, these can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of multiple types.
- the amount of the coagulant used is preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic rubber component in the emulsion polymerization liquid, and the lower limit thereof is preferably 1 part by weight or more, more preferably 2 parts by weight or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 40 parts by weight or less, more preferably 20 parts by weight or less, and still more preferably 12 parts by weight or less.
- the solidification temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 to 90 ° C, more preferably 60 to 90 ° C, and still more preferably 78 to 90 ° C.
- some of the compounding agents to be blended with the acrylic rubber in the emulsion polymerization liquid before the coagulant is added and solidified specifically, anti-aging agent, lubricant
- At least one of the ethylene oxide polymer and the ethylene oxide polymer is preferably contained in advance. That is, it is preferable that at least one of the anti-aging agent, the lubricant, and the ethylene oxide polymer is already mixed in the emulsion polymerization solution, and the emulsion polymerization solution containing these is coagulated.
- an anti-aging agent in the emulsion polymerization liquid before coagulation, deterioration of the acrylic rubber due to heat during drying in the drying step described later can be effectively suppressed. Specifically, the decrease in Mooney viscosity due to deterioration due to heating during drying can be effectively suppressed, and further, the effect of normal tensile strength, breaking elongation, etc. when rubber cross-linked products are used. Can be enhanced.
- the anti-aging agent in the state of the emulsion polymerization liquid before coagulation, by blending the anti-aging agent, the anti-aging agent can be appropriately dispersed, so even when the amount of the anti-aging agent is reduced, The effect of addition can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 1.2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic rubber component in the emulsion polymerization liquid. Even when the amount is relatively small, the effect of the addition can be sufficiently exhibited. Even when the anti-aging agent is contained in the emulsion polymerization solution before coagulation, the added anti-aging agent is not substantially removed in the subsequent coagulation, washing, drying, etc. The effect of the addition can be sufficiently exhibited.
- a method of containing an anti-aging agent in an emulsion polymerization solution a method of adding to an emulsion polymerization solution after emulsion polymerization and before coagulation, or a method of adding to a solution before emulsion polymerization is performed
- a method of adding to an emulsion polymerization solution after emulsion polymerization and before coagulation or a method of adding to a solution before emulsion polymerization is performed
- the method of adding is preferable.
- the antiaging agent is not particularly limited, but 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, 2,6-di-t-butyl- ⁇ -dimethylamino-p-cresol, octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, styrenated phenol, 2,2′-methylene-bis (6- ⁇ -methyl- Benzyl-p-cresol), 4,4'-methylenebis (2,6-di-t-butylfunol), 2,2'-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 3- (3 Butylation reaction of stearyl 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, alkylated bisphenol, p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene Phenol-based antioxidants containing no sulfur atom, such as reaction
- the resulting acrylic rubber can be contained in a state in which the lubricant is well dispersed, and as a result, the resulting acrylic rubber Can be appropriately reduced, thereby preventing adhesion to the dryer during drying, improving operability during drying, and an acrylic rubber composition. In some cases, the roll processability can be improved.
- the amount of lubricant added is preferably 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight, more preferably 0.15 to 0.3 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic rubber component in the emulsion polymerization liquid. .2 to 0.3 parts by weight.
- the lubricant is contained in the emulsion polymerization liquid before coagulation, the pre-blended lubricant is not substantially removed in the subsequent coagulation, washing, drying, etc. Even when it is contained, the effect of addition can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the lubricant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phosphate esters, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, and higher fatty acids.
- examples of the method for incorporating the lubricant into the emulsion polymerization liquid include a method of adding to the emulsion polymerization liquid after emulsion polymerization and before coagulation, and a method of adding to the solution before emulsion polymerization. It is done.
- the ethylene oxide polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer having a polyethylene oxide structure as the main chain structure, and examples thereof include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers. Polyethylene oxide is preferred.
- the blending amount of the ethylene oxide polymer is preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 0.6 part by weight, still more preferably 100 parts by weight of the acrylic rubber component in the emulsion polymerization liquid. 0.02 to 0.5 parts by weight.
- the weight average molecular weight of the ethylene oxide polymer is preferably 10,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 10,000 to 200,000, and still more preferably 20,000 to 120,000.
- a method of adding an ethylene oxide polymer to an emulsion polymerization solution it is added to an emulsion polymerization solution after emulsion polymerization and before coagulation, or added to a solution before emulsion polymerization. A method is mentioned.
- the order of addition in the case where an anti-aging agent, a lubricant and an ethylene oxide polymer are previously contained in the emulsion polymerization liquid before coagulation is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected.
- a coagulant is added to the emulsion polymerization liquid under the same conditions as above. Then, a water-containing crumb can be obtained by performing the solidification operation.
- ⁇ Washing process> In the manufacturing method of this invention, it is preferable to further provide the washing
- the washing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of washing with water by using water as a washing liquid and mixing the added water together with the hydrated crumb.
- the temperature at the time of washing with water is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 60 ° C., more preferably 10 to 50 ° C., and the mixing time is 1 to 60 minutes, more preferably 2 to 30 minutes.
- the amount of water to be added to the hydrated crumb at the time of washing with water is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint that the residual amount of coagulant in the finally obtained acrylic rubber can be effectively reduced,
- the amount of water per washing is preferably 50 to 9,800 parts by weight, more preferably 300 to 1,800 parts per 100 parts by weight of the solid content (mainly acrylic rubber component) contained in the hydrous crumb. Parts by weight.
- the number of times of washing with water is not particularly limited, and may be one, but is preferably 2 to 10 times, more preferably 3 to 8 from the viewpoint of reducing the residual amount of coagulant in the finally obtained acrylic rubber. Times.
- the number of washings is in the above range because the influence of the decrease in productivity is increased by increasing the number of steps.
- acid washing using an acid as a washing solution may be further carried out.
- the compression set resistance in the case of a rubber cross-linked product can be further improved.
- the acrylic rubber is a carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber having a carboxyl group, this acid cleaning
- the effect of improving the compression set resistance is particularly great.
- the acid used for the acid cleaning is not particularly limited, and sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and the like can be used without limitation.
- the acid washing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of mixing an aqueous solution of the added acid together with water-containing crumb.
- the temperature during the acid cleaning is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 60 ° C., more preferably 10 to 50 ° C., and the mixing time is 1 to 60 minutes, more preferably 2 to 30 minutes.
- the pH of the acid-washed wash water can be determined, for example, by measuring the pH of the water contained in the hydrous crumb after the acid wash.
- the water washing conditions may be the same as those described above.
- the water-containing crumb may be filtered using a sieve such as a rotary screen or a vibrating screen; a centrifugal dehydrator;
- the drying temperature in the drying step is not particularly limited and varies depending on the dryer used for drying.
- the drying temperature is preferably 80 to 200 ° C., 100 More preferably, the temperature is set to ⁇ 170 ° C.
- acrylic rubber can be obtained as described above.
- the Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) (polymer Mooney) of the acrylic rubber thus produced is preferably 10 to 80, more preferably 20 to 70, and further preferably 25 to 60.
- the residual amount of coagulant contained in the acrylic rubber is preferably 9,000 ppm by weight or less, more preferably 7,000 ppm by weight or less, Preferably it is 5,000 ppm by weight or less, particularly preferably 3,500 ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the residual amount of the coagulant is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 ppm by weight or more.
- the method of setting the residual amount of the coagulant as described above is not particularly limited. In addition to the method of coagulation in the coagulation step at a temperature of 78 ° C. or higher in the presence of an ethylene oxide polymer, coagulation is performed. Examples thereof include a method of setting the addition amount of the agent in the above-described range, and a method of adjusting the washing conditions as described above.
- the total residual amount of the nonionic emulsifier and the anionic emulsifier contained in the acrylic rubber is preferably 22,000 ppm by weight or less, more preferably 20,000 ppm by weight or less. More preferably, it is 18,000 ppm by weight or less, particularly preferably 17,000 ppm by weight or less.
- the minimum of the residual amount of an emulsifier is not specifically limited, Preferably it is 10 weight ppm or more, More preferably, it is 200 weight ppm or more, More preferably, it is 500 weight ppm or more.
- the total residual amount of the nonionic emulsifier and the anionic emulsifier of the emulsifier in the acrylic rubber is obtained from the peak area of the molecular weight corresponding to the emulsifier in the measurement chart obtained by performing GPC measurement on the acrylic rubber, for example, by GPC measurement. be able to.
- the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention is obtained by blending a crosslinking agent with the acrylic rubber obtained by the above-described production method of the present invention.
- crosslinking agent polyvalent amine compounds, such as a diamine compound, and its carbonate; Sulfur; Sulfur donor; Triazine thiol compound; Multivalent epoxy compound; Organic carboxylic acid ammonium salt;
- crosslinking agents such as oxides, dithiocarbamic acid metal salts, polyvalent carboxylic acids, quaternary onium salts, imidazole compounds, isocyanuric acid compounds, and organic peroxides can be used.
- crosslinking agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the crosslinking agent is preferably selected as appropriate according to the type of the crosslinkable monomer unit.
- the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention has an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer unit as a crosslinkable monomer unit, as a crosslinking agent, It is preferable to use a polyvalent amine compound and a carbonate thereof.
- the polyvalent amine compound and carbonate thereof are not particularly limited, but polyvalent amine compounds having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and carbonates thereof are preferred. Examples of such polyvalent amine compounds and carbonates thereof include aliphatic polyvalent amine compounds, carbonates thereof, and aromatic polyvalent amine compounds.
- the aliphatic polyvalent amine compound and the carbonate thereof are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hexamethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine carbamate, and N, N′-dicinnamylidene-1,6-hexane diamine. Among these, hexamethylenediamine carbamate is preferable.
- the aromatic polyvalent amine compound is not particularly limited.
- the content of the crosslinking agent in the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention is preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 0.1 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic rubber. 2 to 4 parts by weight.
- the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention preferably further contains a crosslinking accelerator.
- the crosslinking accelerator is not particularly limited, but the acrylic rubber produced by the production method of the present invention has a carboxyl group as a crosslinkable group, and the crosslinking agent is a polyvalent amine compound or carbonic acid thereof.
- the crosslinking agent is a polyvalent amine compound or carbonic acid thereof.
- a salt guanidine compound, diazabicycloalkene compound, imidazole compound, quaternary onium salt, tertiary phosphine compound, aliphatic monovalent secondary amine compound, aliphatic monovalent tertiary amine compound, etc. Can be used.
- guanidine compounds diazabicycloalkene compounds, and aliphatic monovalent secondary amine compounds are preferable, and guanidine compounds are particularly preferable.
- These basic crosslinking accelerators can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- guanidine compound examples include 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine, 1,3-diphenylguanidine and the like.
- diazabicycloalkene compound examples include 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] unde-7-cene, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] no-5-ene and the like.
- imidazole compound examples include 2-methylimidazole and 2-phenylimidazole.
- quaternary onium salt include tetra n-butylammonium bromide and octadecyltri n-butylammonium bromide.
- tertiary phosphine compound include triphenylphosphine and tri-p-tolylphosphine.
- An aliphatic monovalent secondary amine compound is a compound in which two hydrogen atoms of ammonia are substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group substituted for the hydrogen atom is preferably one having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- aliphatic monovalent secondary amine compound examples include dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, diallylamine, diisopropylamine, di-n-butylamine, di-t-butylamine, di-sec-butylamine, dihexylamine, di Examples include heptylamine, dioctylamine, dinonylamine, didecylamine, diundecylamine, didodecylamine, ditridecylamine, ditetradecylamine, dipentadecylamine, dicetylamine, di-2-ethylhexylamine, and dioctadecylamine.
- An aliphatic monovalent tertiary amine compound is a compound in which all three hydrogen atoms of ammonia are substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group substituted for the hydrogen atom is preferably one having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the aliphatic monovalent tertiary amine compound include trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, triallylamine, triisopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, tri-t-butylamine, tri-sec-butylamine, trihexylamine. , Triheptylamine, trioctylamine, trinonylamine, tridecylamine, triundecylamine, and tridodecylamine.
- the content of the crosslinking accelerator in the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 7.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic rubber. Parts, particularly preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight.
- the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention can contain a compounding agent usually used in the field of rubber processing, in addition to the above components.
- compounding agents include reinforcing fillers such as silica and carbon black; non-reinforcing fillers such as calcium carbonate and clay; anti-aging agents; light stabilizers; scorch inhibitors; plasticizers; Adhesives; Adhesives; Lubricants; Lubricants; Flame retardants; Antifungal agents; Antistatic agents; Colorants;
- the compounding amount of these compounding agents is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the object and effect of the present invention, and an amount corresponding to the compounding purpose can be appropriately compounded.
- rubbers, elastomers, resins and the like other than the acrylic rubber of the present invention described above may be further blended within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
- rubber other than acrylic rubber such as acrylic rubber other than the acrylic rubber of the present invention, natural rubber, polybutadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, etc .
- Elastomers such as elastomers, styrene elastomers, vinyl chloride elastomers, polyester elastomers, polyamide elastomers, polyurethane elastomers, polysiloxane elastomers
- the total blending amount of the rubber, elastomer, and resin other than the acrylic rubber of the present invention described above is preferably 50 parts by weight or less, more preferably 10 parts by weight or less, further preferably 100 parts by weight of acrylic rubber. 1 part by weight or less.
- the acrylic rubber is blended with a crosslinking agent and other various compounding agents used as necessary, mixed and kneaded with a Banbury mixer or a kneader, and then using a kneading roll. Further, it is prepared by kneading.
- the blending order of each component is not particularly limited, but after sufficiently mixing components that are difficult to react and decompose with heat, a crosslinking agent that is a component that easily reacts and decomposes with heat at a temperature at which reaction and decomposition do not occur. It is preferable to mix in a short time.
- the rubber cross-linked product of the present invention is obtained by cross-linking the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention described above.
- the rubber cross-linked product of the present invention uses the acrylic rubber composition of the present invention, is molded by a molding machine corresponding to a desired shape, for example, an extruder, an injection molding machine, a compressor, and a roll, and is heated. It can be produced by carrying out a cross-linking reaction and fixing the shape as a rubber cross-linked product. In this case, crosslinking may be performed after molding in advance, or crosslinking may be performed simultaneously with molding.
- the molding temperature is usually 10 to 200 ° C, preferably 25 to 120 ° C.
- the crosslinking temperature is usually 130 to 220 ° C., preferably 150 to 190 ° C.
- the crosslinking time is usually 2 minutes to 10 hours, preferably 3 minutes to 5 hours.
- a heating method a method used for crosslinking of rubber, such as press heating, steam heating, oven heating, and hot air heating, may be appropriately selected.
- the rubber cross-linked product of the present invention may be further heated to perform secondary crosslinking.
- the secondary crosslinking varies depending on the heating method, crosslinking temperature, shape, etc., but is preferably performed for 1 to 48 hours. What is necessary is just to select a heating method and heating temperature suitably.
- the rubber cross-linked product of the present invention thus obtained can be used for sealing materials such as O-rings, packings, oil seals and bearing seals in a wide range of fields such as transport machines such as automobiles, general equipment, and electrical equipment. Gaskets; shock-absorbing materials; vibration-proofing materials; electric wire covering materials; industrial belts; tubes and hoses; sheets;
- Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) The Mooney viscosity (polymer Mooney) of the acrylic rubber was measured according to JIS K6300.
- Aggregate content (% by weight) ⁇ ( ⁇ ) / ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- ⁇ represents the weight of the wire mesh and dried aggregate after drying
- ⁇ represents the weight of the wire mesh
- ⁇ represents the weight of the emulsion polymerization solution
- ⁇ represents the solid content of the emulsion polymerization solution.
- the content rate of the solid content of the emulsion polymerization liquid was obtained by drying the emulsion polymerization liquid and calculating the weight based on the following formula from the weight of the emulsion polymerization liquid before drying and the weight after drying.
- Content ratio ( ⁇ ) of solid content of emulsion polymerization liquid weight after drying / weight of emulsion polymerization liquid before drying
- Mooney scorch test For the acrylic rubber composition, Mooney scorch was measured under the measurement condition of 125 ° C. according to JIS K6300, and Mooney scorch time t5 (min), Mooney scorch time t35 (min), and the minimum value Vm of Mooney viscosity were measured. . It can be determined that the larger the values of t5 and t35, the better the scorch stability, and the smaller the value of Vm, the better the workability during molding.
- the acrylic rubber composition was placed in a mold having a length of 15 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a depth of 0.2 cm, and was subjected to primary crosslinking by pressing at 170 ° C. for 20 minutes while being pressed at a press pressure of 10 MPa.
- the product was further subjected to secondary crosslinking by heating at 170 ° C. for 4 hours in a gear-type oven to obtain a sheet-like rubber crosslinked product.
- the obtained rubber cross-linked product was punched with a No. 3 type dumbbell to prepare a test piece. Next, using this test piece, tensile strength and elongation were measured according to JIS K6251.
- the acrylic rubber composition was placed in a mold having a length of 15 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a depth of 0.2 cm, and was subjected to primary crosslinking by pressing at 170 ° C. for 20 minutes while being pressed at a press pressure of 10 MPa.
- the product was further subjected to secondary crosslinking by heating at 170 ° C. for 4 hours in a gear-type oven to obtain a sheet-like rubber crosslinked product.
- volume change rate before and after immersion (Volume of specimen after immersion ⁇ Volume of specimen before immersion) ⁇ Volume of specimen before immersion ⁇ 100
- stearyl 3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (trade name “Irganox 1076”, BASF) as an anti-aging agent.
- the obtained mixed liquid was transferred to a coagulation tank.
- 60 parts of industrial water was added and the temperature was raised to 85 ° C., and then the mixed liquid was stirred at a temperature of 85 ° C.
- 3.3 parts of sodium sulfate as a coagulant 11 parts with respect to 100 parts of the polymer contained in the mixed solution was continuously added to solidify the polymer, and then filtered to remove acrylic.
- a water-containing crumb of rubber (A1) was obtained.
- a sulfuric acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing 388 parts of industrial water and 0.13 part of concentrated sulfuric acid is added to 100 parts of the solid content of the hydrated crumb which has been washed with water in the above, and in the coagulation tank. After stirring for 5 minutes at room temperature, the water-containing crumb was pickled by draining water from the coagulation tank. The pH of the hydrated crumb after pickling (pH of water in the hydrated crumb) was measured, and the pH was 3.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A1).
- the water content was measured according to the above method. As a result, it was substantially free of water and was 0% by weight.
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A1) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33, and the composition of the acrylic rubber (A1) was 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed water-containing crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A2).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A2) after drying when the water content was measured according to the above method, it was substantially free of water and was 0% by weight.
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A2) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33, and the composition of the acrylic rubber (A2) was 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A3).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A3) after drying when the water content was measured according to the said method, it was a thing which does not contain a water
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A3) has a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A3) has a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A4).
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A4) has a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A4) has a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A5).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A5) after drying when the water content was measured according to the said method, it was a thing which does not contain a water
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A5) has a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A5) has a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- a monomer emulsion was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1, except that the amount of polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether used as the nonionic surfactant was changed from 1.4 parts to 0.7 parts. Subsequently, using the obtained monomer emulsion, emulsion polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Production Example 1 to obtain an emulsion polymerization solution. With respect to the obtained emulsion polymerization liquid, the aggregate content in the emulsion polymerization liquid was measured according to the above method. As a result, the aggregate was as small as 0.6% by weight. Dirt due to adhesion was not confirmed.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A6).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A6) after drying, when the water content was measured according to the said method, it was a thing which does not contain a water
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A6) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A6) had a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A7).
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A7) has a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A7) has a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A8).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A8) after drying when the amount of water was measured according to the above-mentioned method, it was substantially free of water and was 0% by weight.
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A8) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A8) had a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A9).
- the water content was measured according to the above method. As a result, it was substantially free of water and was 0% by weight.
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A9) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the acrylic rubber (A9) had a composition of 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- a monomer emulsion was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether as a nonionic surfactant was not used. Subsequently, using the obtained monomer emulsion, emulsion polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Production Example 1 to obtain an emulsion polymerization solution. About the obtained emulsion polymerization liquid, the aggregate content in the emulsion polymerization liquid was measured according to the above-mentioned method. As a result, the aggregate content was 2.1% by weight, and contamination due to the adhesion of the aggregate in the stirring device was confirmed.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A10).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A10) after drying when the moisture content was measured according to the above method, the moisture content was 2.5% by weight, and drying at 110 ° C. for 1 hour was insufficient. I can judge.
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A10) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33, and the composition of the acrylic rubber (A10) was 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49 units of n-butyl acrylate. And 3% by weight and 1.4% by weight of mono n-butyl fumarate units.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 2.5 hours with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A11).
- a solid acrylic rubber (A11) About the obtained acrylic rubber (A11) after drying, when the amount of water was measured in accordance with the above method, it was substantially free of water and was 0% by weight.
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A11) had a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33, and the composition of the acrylic rubber (A11) was 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49 units of n-butyl acrylate. And 3% by weight and 1.4% by weight of mono n-butyl fumarate units.
- the washed hydrated crumb was dried at 110 ° C. for 1 hour with a hot air dryer to obtain a solid acrylic rubber (A12).
- the obtained acrylic rubber (A12) after drying when the water content was measured according to the said method, it was a thing which does not contain a water
- the resulting acrylic rubber (A12) has a Mooney viscosity (ML1 + 4, 100 ° C.) of 33.
- the composition of the acrylic rubber (A12) is 49.3% by weight of ethyl acrylate units and 49.3% of n-butyl acrylate units. % By weight and mono-n-butyl fumarate units of 1.4% by weight.
- a monomer emulsion was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that sodium lauryl sulfate as an anionic surfactant was not used. Subsequently, using the obtained monomer emulsion, emulsion polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Production Example 1 to obtain an emulsion polymerization solution. With respect to the obtained emulsion polymerization liquid, the aggregate content in the emulsion polymerization liquid was measured in accordance with the above method. As a result, the aggregate content was 20% by weight, and the dirt due to the adhesion of the aggregates in the stirring device was extremely It was remarkable. Furthermore, the obtained emulsion polymerization liquid had too much agglomerate content, and the subsequent coagulation operation or the like could not be performed.
- Example 1 Using a Banbury mixer, 100 parts of the acrylic rubber (A1) obtained in Production Example 1, 30 parts of clay (trade name “Satinton Clay 5A”, manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., calcined kaolin), silica (trade name “ Carplex 1120 “, manufactured by Evonik) 15 parts, silica (trade name” Carplex 67 “, manufactured by Evonik) 35 parts, stearic acid 2 parts, 4,4'-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine ( 2 parts of the product name “NOCRACK CD” (Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 1 part of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (trade name “KBM-503”, Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., silane coupling agent) Add and mix at 50 ° C.
- clay trade name “Satinton Clay 5A”, manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., calcined kaolin
- Examples 2 to 9 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acrylic rubbers (A2) to (A9) obtained in Production Examples 2 to 9 were used in place of the acrylic rubber (A1) obtained in Production Example 1, respectively.
- Table 2 shows the results of measurement and evaluation in the same manner after obtaining the rubber composition.
- the addition amount of the compounding agent for preparing the monomer emulsion is shown by the compounding amount with respect to 100 parts of the charged monomer.
- the addition amount of the compounding agent added to the emulsion polymerization solution before coagulation was shown as the compounding amount with respect to 100 parts of the emulsion polymerization solution.
- the addition amount of the coagulant used in the coagulation step is shown as a blending amount with respect to 100 parts of the liquid mixture obtained by adding an antioxidant, polyethylene oxide and / or lubricant to the emulsion polymerization liquid. .
- the acrylic rubbers obtained in Production Examples 1 to 9 in which the monomers for forming the acrylic rubber were subjected to emulsion polymerization in the presence of a nonionic emulsifier and an anionic emulsifier were obtained.
- the generation of aggregates in the resulting emulsion polymerization liquid is sufficiently suppressed, so that no fouling in the stirrer caused by such aggregates occurs, and the mutual adhesion of hydrous crumbs is also suppressed.
- the rubber cross-linked products obtained using the acrylic rubber obtained in Production Examples 1 to 9 were excellent in water resistance (Production Examples 1 to 9 and Examples 1 to 9).
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Abstract
Description
本発明の製造方法において、前記アニオン性乳化剤が、高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩、またはラウリル硫酸ナトリウムであることが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記ノニオン性乳化剤の使用量が、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体100重量部に対して、0重量部超、4重量部以下であることが好ましく、0.7~1.7重量部であることがより好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記アニオン性乳化剤の使用量が、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体100重量部に対して、0重量部超、4重量部以下であることが好ましく、0.35~0.75重量部であることがより好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記ノニオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤の使用量を、ノニオン性乳化剤/アニオン性乳化剤の重量比で、10/90~80/20とすることが好ましく、50/50~75/25とすることがより好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記凝固剤が、硫酸マグネシウムまたは硫酸ナトリウムであることが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記凝固工程における凝固温度が、78~90℃であることが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記乳化重合工程において、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体、重合開始剤および還元剤を、重合反応開始から任意の時間まで、重合反応系に連続的に滴下しながら乳化重合反応を行うことが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法において、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体を、乳化剤および水と混合してなる単量体乳化液の状態にて、重合反応開始から任意の時間まで、重合反応系に連続的に滴下しながら乳化重合反応を行うことが好ましい。
さらに、本発明によれば、上記製造方法により得られるアクリルゴム組成物を架橋する工程を備えるゴム架橋物の製造方法が提供される。
まず、本発明の製造方法により製造されるアクリルゴムについて説明する。
本発明の製造方法により製造されるアクリルゴムは、分子中に、主成分(本発明においては、ゴム全単量体単位中50重量%以上有するものを言う。)としての(メタ)アクリル酸エステル単量体〔アクリル酸エステル単量体および/またはメタクリル酸エステル単量体の意。以下、(メタ)アクリル酸メチルなど同様。〕単位を含有するゴム状の重合体である。
炭素数4~12のα,β-エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸の具体例としては、フマル酸、マレイン酸などのブテンジオン酸;イタコン酸;シトラコン酸;クロロマレイン酸;などが挙げられる。
炭素数4~12のα,β-エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸と炭素数1~8のアルカノールとのモノエステルの具体例としては、フマル酸モノメチル、フマル酸モノエチル、フマル酸モノn-ブチル、マレイン酸モノメチル、マレイン酸モノエチル、マレイン酸モノn-ブチルなどのブテンジオン酸モノ鎖状アルキルエステル;フマル酸モノシクロペンチル、フマル酸モノシクロヘキシル、フマル酸モノシクロヘキセニル、マレイン酸モノシクロペンチル、マレイン酸モノシクロヘキシル、マレイン酸モノシクロヘキセニルなどの脂環構造を有するブテンジオン酸モノエステル;イタコン酸モノメチル、イタコン酸モノエチル、イタコン酸モノn-ブチル、イタコン酸モノシクロヘキシルなどのイタコン酸モノエステル;などが挙げられる。
これらの中でも、炭素数4~12のα,β-エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸と炭素数1~8のアルカノールとのモノエステルが好ましく、ブテンジオン酸モノ鎖状アルキルエステル、または脂環構造を有するブテンジオン酸モノエステルがより好ましく、フマル酸モノn-ブチル、マレイン酸モノn-ブチル、フマル酸モノシクロヘキシル、およびマレイン酸モノシクロヘキシルがさらに好ましく、フマル酸モノn-ブチルが特に好ましい。これらのα,β-エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸単量体は、1種単独で、または2種以上を併せて使用することができる。なお、上記単量体のうち、ジカルボン酸には、無水物として存在しているものも含まれる。
(メタ)アクリル酸ハロアルキルエステルの具体例としては、(メタ)アクリル酸クロロメチル、(メタ)アクリル酸1-クロロエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-クロロエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸1,2-ジクロロエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-クロロプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸3-クロロプロピル、および(メタ)アクリル酸2,3-ジクロロプロピルなどが挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリル酸ハロアシロキシアルキルエステルの具体例としては、(メタ)アクリル酸2-(クロロアセトキシ)エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-(クロロアセトキシ)プロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸3-(クロロアセトキシ)プロピル、および(メタ)アクリル酸3-(ヒドロキシクロロアセトキシ)プロピルなどが挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリル酸(ハロアセチルカルバモイルオキシ)アルキルエステルの具体例としては、(メタ)アクリル酸2-(クロロアセチルカルバモイルオキシ)エチル、および(メタ)アクリル酸3-(クロロアセチルカルバモイルオキシ)プロピルなどが挙げられる。
ハロゲン含有不飽和ケトンの具体例としては、2-クロロエチルビニルケトン、3-クロロプロピルビニルケトン、および2-クロロエチルアリルケトンなどが挙げられる。
ハロメチル基含有芳香族ビニル化合物の具体例としては、p-クロロメチルスチレン、m-クロロメチルスチレン、o-クロロメチルスチレン、およびp-クロロメチル-α-メチルスチレンなどが挙げられる。
ハロアセチル基含有不飽和単量体の具体例としては、3-(ヒドロキシクロロアセトキシ)プロピルアリルエーテル、p-ビニルベンジルクロロ酢酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
共役ジエン単量体の具体例としては、1,3-ブタジエン、イソプレン、およびピペリレンなどを挙げることができる。
非共役ジエン単量体の具体例としては、エチリデンノルボルネン、ジシクロペンタジエン、(メタ)アクリル酸ジシクロペンタジエニル、および(メタ)アクリル酸2-ジシクロペンタジエニルエチルなどを挙げることができる。
アクリルアミド系単量体としては、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミドなどが挙げられる。
その他のオレフィン系単量体としては、エチレン、プロピレン、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、酢酸ビニル、エチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテルなどが挙げられる。
次いで、本発明のアクリルゴムの製造方法について説明する。
本発明のアクリルゴムの製造方法は、
ノニオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤の存在下、アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体を乳化重合することで、乳化重合液を得る乳化重合工程と、
前記乳化重合液に、凝固剤を添加して凝固させることで、含水クラムを得る凝固工程と、を備える。
本発明の製造方法における、乳化重合工程は、ノニオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤の存在下、アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体を乳化重合することで、乳化重合液を得る工程である。
本発明の製造方法における、凝固工程は、上記乳化重合工程により得られた乳化重合液に、凝固剤を添加することで、含水クラムを得る工程である。
本発明の製造方法においては、上記した凝固工程において得られた含水クラムに対して、洗浄を行う洗浄工程をさらに備えていることが好ましい。
また、本発明の製造方法においては、上記洗浄工程において洗浄を行った含水クラムに対し、乾燥を行う乾燥工程をさらに備えていることが好ましい。
本発明のアクリルゴム組成物は、上記した本発明の製造方法により得られるアクリルゴムに架橋剤を配合してなるものである。
本発明のゴム架橋物は、上述した本発明のアクリルゴム組成物を架橋してなるものである。
本発明のゴム架橋物は、本発明のアクリルゴム組成物を用い、所望の形状に対応した成形機、たとえば、押出機、射出成形機、圧縮機、およびロールなどにより成形を行い、加熱することにより架橋反応を行い、ゴム架橋物として形状を固定化することにより製造することができる。この場合においては、予め成形した後に架橋しても、成形と同時に架橋を行ってもよい。成形温度は、通常、10~200℃、好ましくは25~120℃である。架橋温度は、通常、130~220℃、好ましくは150~190℃であり、架橋時間は、通常、2分~10時間、好ましくは3分~5時間である。加熱方法としては、プレス加熱、蒸気加熱、オーブン加熱、および熱風加熱などのゴムの架橋に用いられる方法を適宜選択すればよい。
各種の物性については、以下の方法に従って評価した。
アクリルゴムのムーニー粘度(ポリマームーニー)をJIS K6300に従って測定した。
乳化重合後の乳化重合液について、固形分の含有割合(乳化重合液全体を1とした時の割合)を測定し、次いで、乳化重合後の乳化重合液100gを精秤した後、重量既知の200メッシュのSUS製金網でろ過し、金網上の凝集物を数回水洗して、乳化重合液を除去した。これを、105℃で60分間、乾燥した後、その乾燥重量を測定し、下記式に基づいて凝集物含有割合(単位:重量%)を求めた。
凝集物含有率(重量%)={(α-β)/(γ×Δ)}×100
ここで、αは乾燥後の金網および乾燥凝集物の重量、βは金網の重量、γは乳化重合液の重量、Δは乳化重合液の固形分の含有割合をそれぞれ示す。
なお、乳化重合液の固形分の含有割合は、乳化重合液について乾燥を行い、乾燥前乳化重合液の重量と、乾燥後の重量とから下記式に基づいて求めた。
乳化重合液の固形分の含有割合(Δ)=乾燥後の重量/乾燥前乳化重合液の重量
洗浄後の含水クラム15gを、内径が10mmの円筒に入れ、1MPaで30秒間圧縮することで、クラム粒子同士を接着させて、円筒状の成形体とした。そして、得られた円筒状の成形体を、クリップに挟むことで吊るし、円筒状の成形体を構成する少なくとも一部のクラム粒子が落下するまでの時間を落下時間として測定した。落下時間が短いほど、洗浄後の含水クラムの互着性が低い(互着し難い)と判断することができる。
乾燥後のアクリルゴムを、アルミ皿に乗せ、100℃のオーブンにて、1時間乾燥を行い、乾燥前後のアクリルゴムの重量より、下記式にしたがって、乾燥後のアクリルゴムの水分量を求めた。
乾燥後のアクリルゴムの水分量(重量%)=[(乾燥前重量(g)-1時間乾燥後重量(g))÷乾燥前重量(g)]×100
アクリルゴム組成物について、JIS K6300に従い、125℃の測定条件下でムーニースコーチの測定を行い、ムーニースコーチ時間t5(分)、ムーニースコーチ時間t35(分)、およびムーニー粘度の最低値Vmを測定した。t5、t35の値が大きいほど、スコーチ安定性に優れると判断でき、また、Vmの値が小さいほど、成形時の加工性に優れると判断できる。
アクリルゴム組成物を、40℃、90%RHの高湿環境に、168時間保存した後、高湿環境に保存したアクリルゴム組成物について、JIS K6300に従い、125℃の測定条件下でムーニースコーチの測定を行い、ムーニースコーチ時間t5(分)、ムーニースコーチ時間t35(分)、およびムーニー粘度の最低値Vmを測定した。t5、t35の値が大きいほど、スコーチ安定性に優れると判断でき、また、Vmの値が小さいほど、成形時の加工性に優れると判断できる。
アクリルゴム組成物を、縦15cm、横15cm、深さ0.2cmの金型に入れ、プレス圧10MPaで加圧しながら170℃で20分間プレスすることにより一次架橋し、次いで、得られた一次架橋物を、ギヤー式オーブンにて、さらに170℃、4時間の条件で加熱して二次架橋させることにより、シート状のゴム架橋物を得た。得られたゴム架橋物を3号形ダンベルで打ち抜いて試験片を作製した。次にこの試験片を用いて、JIS K6251に従い引張強度および伸びを測定した。
アクリルゴム組成物を、縦15cm、横15cm、深さ0.2cmの金型に入れ、プレス圧10MPaで加圧しながら170℃で20分間プレスすることにより一次架橋し、次いで、得られた一次架橋物を、ギヤー式オーブンにて、さらに170℃、4時間の条件で加熱して二次架橋させることにより、シート状のゴム架橋物を得た。そして、得られたシート状のゴム架橋物から、3cm×2cm×0.2cmの試験片に切り取り、JIS K6258に準拠して、得られた試験片を温度80℃に調整した蒸留水中に70時間浸漬させる浸漬試験を行い、浸漬前後の試験片の体積変化率を下記式にしたがって、測定した。浸漬前後の体積変化率が小さいほど、水に対する膨潤が抑制されており、耐水性に優れると判断できる。
浸漬前後の体積変化率(%)=(浸漬後の試験片の体積-浸漬前の試験片の体積)÷浸漬前の試験片の体積×100
ホモミキサーを備えた混合容器に、純水46.294部、アクリル酸エチル49.3部、アクリル酸n-ブチル49.3部、フマル酸モノn-ブチル1.4部、アニオン性界面活性剤としてのラウリル硫酸ナトリウム(商品名「エマール 2FG」、花王社製)0.567部、およびノニオン性界面活性剤としてのポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテル(商品名「エマルゲン 105」、重量平均分子量:約1500、花王社製)1.4部を仕込み、攪拌することで、単量体乳化液を得た。
ノニオン性界面活性剤として、ポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルに代えて、ポリエチレンオキシドポリプロピレンオキシドグリコール(商品名「プロノン208」、日油社製)1.4部を使用した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、全く凝集物が確認されず、0重量%であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
ノニオン性界面活性剤として、ポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルに代えて、ポリエチレンオキシドモノステアレート(商品名「ノニオンS40」、日油社製)1.4部を使用した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、全く凝集物が確認されず、0重量%であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
ノニオン性界面活性剤として、ポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルに代えて、ポリエチレンオキシドノニルフェノール(商品名「ノイゲンEA70」、第一工業製薬社製)1.4部を使用した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、全く凝集物が確認されず、0重量%であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
凝固を行う際における、凝固剤として、硫酸ナトリウム3.3部に代えて、硫酸マグネシウム1.1部(混合液に含まれる重合体100部に対して3.7部)を使用した以外は製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合、混合液の調製および凝固操作を行い、アクリルゴム(A5)の含水クラムを得て、さらに、得られたアクリルゴム(A5)の含水クラムについて、製造例1と同様にして、4回の水洗、酸洗、および純水洗浄を行った。そして、洗浄後の含水クラムについて、上記方法にしたがって、洗浄後の含水クラムの互着性の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
ノニオン性界面活性剤としてのポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルの使用量を1.4部から0.7部に変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、凝集物は0.6重量%と微量であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
ノニオン性界面活性剤としてのポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルの使用量を1.4部から1.2部に変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、凝集物は0.1重量%と極微量であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
アニオン性界面活性剤としてのラウリル硫酸ナトリウムの使用量を0.567部から0.8部に変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、全く凝集物が確認されず、0重量%であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
凝固を行う際における、凝固剤として、硫酸ナトリウム3.3部に代えて、塩化カルシウム1.1部(混合液に含まれる重合体100部に対して3.7部)を使用した以外は製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合、混合液の調製および凝固操作を行い、アクリルゴム(A9)の含水クラムを得て、さらに、得られたアクリルゴム(A9)の含水クラムについて、製造例1と同様にして、4回の水洗、酸洗、および純水洗浄を行った。そして、洗浄後の含水クラムについて、上記方法にしたがって、洗浄後の含水クラムの互着性の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
ノニオン性界面活性剤としてのポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルを使用しなかった以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、凝集物含有量は2.1重量%であり、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れが確認された。
ノニオン性界面活性剤としてのポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルを使用しなかった以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、凝集物含有量は2.1重量%であり、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れが確認された。
ノニオン性界面活性剤としてのポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテルを使用せず、かつ、アニオン性界面活性剤としてのラウリル硫酸ナトリウムの使用量を0.567部から1.701部に変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、全く凝集物が確認されず、0重量%であり、さらには、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れも確認されなかった。
アニオン性界面活性剤としてのラウリル硫酸ナトリウムを使用しなかった以外は、製造例1と同様にして、単量体乳化液を得た。次いで、得られた単量体乳化液を用いて、製造例1と同様にして、乳化重合を行うことで、乳化重合液を得た。得られた乳化重合液について、上記方法にしたがって、乳化重合液中の凝集物含有量を測定したところ、凝集物含有量は20重量%であり、攪拌装置内に凝集物の付着による汚れが極めて顕著であった。さらには、得られた乳化重合液は、凝集物含有量が多すぎて、その後の凝固操作等を行うことができないものであった。
バンバリーミキサーを用いて、製造例1で得られたアクリルゴム(A1)100部に、クレー(商品名「サティントンクレー5A」、竹原化学工業社製、焼成カオリン)30部、シリカ(商品名「カープレックス1120」、Evonik社製)15部、シリカ(商品名「カープレックス67」、Evonik社製)35部、ステアリン酸2部、4, 4’-ビス(α,α-ジメチルベンジル)ジフェニルアミン(商品名「ノクラック CD」、大内新興化学工業社製)2部、および、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(商品名「KBM-503」、信越シリコーン社製、シランカップリング剤)1部を添加して、50℃で5分間混合した。次いで、得られた混合物を50℃のロールに移して、ヘキサメチレンジアミンカーバメート(商品名「Diak#1」、デュポンダウエラストマー社製、脂肪族多価アミン化合物)0.6部、および1,3-ジ-o-トリルグアニジン(商品名「ノクセラーDT」、大内新興化学工業社製、架橋促進剤)2部を配合して、混練することにより、アクリルゴム組成物を得た。
製造例1で得られたアクリルゴム(A1)に代えて、製造例2~9で得られたアクリルゴム(A2)~(A9)をそれぞれ使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、アクリルゴム組成物を得て、同様に測定・評価を行った結果を表2に示す。
製造例1で得られたアクリルゴム(A1)に代えて、製造例10~12で得られたアクリルゴム(A10)~(A12)をそれぞれ使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、アクリルゴム組成物を得て、同様に測定・評価を行った結果を表2に示す。
(*2)凝固前の乳化重合液に添加した配合剤の添加量は、乳化重合液100部に対する配合量で示した。
(*3)凝固工程で使用した凝固剤の添加量は、乳化重合液に、老化防止剤、ポリエチレンオキシド、および/または滑剤を添加することにより得られた混合液100部に対する配合量で示した。
また、ノニオン性乳化剤を使用しない一方で、アニオン性乳化剤の使用量を増加させた製造例12においては、乳化重合液中における凝集物の発生は抑制できたものの、含水クラムの互着が発生する結果となった(製造例12、比較例3)
さらに、アニオン性乳化剤を使用しなかった製造例13においては、得られた乳化重合液中に凝集物が顕著に発生してしまい、このような凝集物の付着による攪拌装置内の汚れが顕著に発生してしまう結果となり、さらには、凝集物が顕著であったため、その後の凝固操作等を行うことができなかった(製造例13)。
Claims (17)
- アクリルゴムを製造する方法であって、
ノニオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤の存在下、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体を乳化重合することで、乳化重合液を得る乳化重合工程と、
前記乳化重合液に、凝固剤を添加して凝固させることで、含水クラムを得る凝固工程と、を備えるアクリルゴムの製造方法。 - 前記ノニオン性乳化剤が、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルである請求項1に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記ノニオン性乳化剤が、ポリエチレンオキシドポリプロピレンオキシド共重合体である請求項1に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記アニオン性乳化剤が、高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記アニオン性乳化剤が、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムである請求項4に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記ノニオン性乳化剤の使用量が、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体100重量部に対して、0重量部超、4重量部以下である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記ノニオン性乳化剤の使用量が、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体100重量部に対して、0.7~1.7重量部である請求項6に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記アニオン性乳化剤の使用量が、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体100重量部に対して、0重量部超、4重量部以下である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記アニオン性乳化剤の使用量が、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体100重量部に対して、0.35~0.75重量部である請求項8に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記ノニオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤の使用量を、ノニオン性乳化剤/アニオン性乳化剤の重量比で、10/90~80/20とする請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記ノニオン性乳化剤およびアニオン性乳化剤の使用量を、ノニオン性乳化剤/アニオン性乳化剤の重量比で、50/50~75/25とする請求項10に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記凝固剤が、硫酸マグネシウムまたは硫酸ナトリウムである請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記凝固工程における凝固温度が、78~90℃である請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記乳化重合工程において、前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体、重合開始剤および還元剤を、重合反応開始から任意の時間まで、重合反応系に連続的に滴下しながら乳化重合反応を行う請求項1~13のいずれかに記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 前記アクリルゴムを形成するための単量体を、乳化剤および水と混合してなる単量体乳化液の状態にて、重合反応開始から任意の時間まで、重合反応系に連続的に滴下しながら乳化重合反応を行う請求項14に記載のアクリルゴムの製造方法。
- 請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られるアクリルゴムに、架橋剤を配合する工程を備えるアクリルゴム組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項16に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリルゴム組成物を架橋する工程を備えるゴム架橋物の製造方法。
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JP7235009B2 (ja) | 2019-07-19 | 2023-03-08 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | アクリルゴムの製造方法 |
EP4001320A4 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2023-07-12 | Zeon Corporation | ACRYLIC RUBBER BALL HAVING EXCELLENT SHAPABILITY AND EXCELLENT WATER RESISTANCE |
EP4000840A4 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2023-08-02 | Zeon Corporation | EXCELLENT ACRYLIC RUBBER VET IN TERMS OF STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS AND MACHINABILITY |
EP4001315A4 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2023-08-02 | Zeon Corporation | ACRYLIC RUBBER BALES WITH EXCELLENT STORAGE STABILITY AND WORKABILITY |
EP4001324A4 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2023-08-09 | Zeon Corporation | ACRYLIC RUBBER BALL EXCELLENT IN STORAGE STABILITY AND FORMABILITY |
EP4001316A4 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2023-09-27 | Zeon Corporation | ACRYLIC RUBBER BALES WITH EXCELLENT STORAGE STABILITY AND PROCESSABILITY |
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SG11201903660WA (en) | 2019-05-30 |
CN109996819B (zh) | 2022-03-11 |
KR102457641B1 (ko) | 2022-10-20 |
KR20190077367A (ko) | 2019-07-03 |
CN109996819A (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
EP3533807A4 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
EP3533807A1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
EP3533807B1 (en) | 2023-03-15 |
JPWO2018079785A1 (ja) | 2018-10-25 |
TW201817748A (zh) | 2018-05-16 |
JP6465250B2 (ja) | 2019-02-06 |
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