WO2018069411A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un objet par fusion par laser - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un objet par fusion par laser Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018069411A1
WO2018069411A1 PCT/EP2017/075970 EP2017075970W WO2018069411A1 WO 2018069411 A1 WO2018069411 A1 WO 2018069411A1 EP 2017075970 W EP2017075970 W EP 2017075970W WO 2018069411 A1 WO2018069411 A1 WO 2018069411A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
starting material
laser melting
different
properties
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/075970
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcus Abele
Andreas Rehl
Original Assignee
Mahle International Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International Gmbh filed Critical Mahle International Gmbh
Publication of WO2018069411A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018069411A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/007—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/008—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of engine cylinder parts or of piston parts other than piston rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/001—One-piece pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/01—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers characterised by the use of particular materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/003—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/04—Composite, e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a
  • the invention also relates to a piston produced by this method and to a mold or die produced by this method.
  • DMLS direct metal laser sintering
  • Gravity chill casting pistons for internal combustion engines to avoid.
  • the objects produced by means of the known method have a homogeneous structure.
  • SLS Selective laser sintering
  • Laser sintering is a process for producing spatial structures by sintering from a powdery starting material.
  • Laser sintering is a generative layer construction process in which the article to be produced is built up layer by layer.
  • undercuts that is to say objects and workpieces which can not be produced in conventional mechanical or casting-technical production.
  • Laser sintering is used in particular for producing prototypes and small numbers of complicated components.
  • a powder-form starting material is used which subsequently produces the material of the produced material Object forms. This can be for example a plastic, but also a metal.
  • the powder mixture is locally liquefied during laser melting, whereby a workpiece similar to a casting can be produced. Its material has homogeneous properties, but this is especially uneven
  • the present invention therefore deals with the problem for a
  • the present invention is based on the general idea of using for the first time in a laser melting to produce an article at least two different powdery starting materials, the
  • the object for example a piston, a die or a mold for a piston, with locally different thermal conductivities and
  • Equip heat capacity whereby the object can be cooled, for example, during casting or forging directed and thus both higher rates of application, higher qualities and possibly also thinner wall thicknesses can be achieved.
  • this can be optimized with respect to its profile of requirements in terms of temperature, deformation and fatigue strength.
  • an iron-based powder or an iron-based material is used as the starting material
  • Powder alloy in particular powdered X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5 used.
  • the last-mentioned alloy is a high-strength and high-strength, martensitic-hardening nickel steel with a simple heat treatment, which can be used in particular for casting molds. Due to the high strength, it can of course be used for articles that require such high strength.
  • a copper-based powder is used as the starting material.
  • a starting material can be achieved with a significantly increased thermal conductivity, which is particularly advantageous if in one by means of According to the laser melting process of the invention locally increased thermal conductivities are desired in order to achieve, for example, a faster heat dissipation can.
  • the present invention is further based on the general idea of a piston having the method described in the previous paragraphs
  • the piston in the region of a piston head, a piston recess, a ring portion and / or a cooling channel has a copper-based starting material or in these areas from the copper-based starting material means
  • Laser melting is made and therefore there has an increased thermal conductivity.
  • a faster heat dissipation and thus better cooling of the piston can be achieved by means of this increased thermal conductivity, as a result of which both its service life and its performance can be increased.
  • the piston is produced in the region of a piston skirt, a box wall and / or a hub made of an iron-based starting material by means of laser melting and thus has increased strength properties there.
  • An iron-based starting material used for this purpose can be, for example, X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5.
  • the present invention is further based on the general idea of producing a casting mold or a die for a piston by means of the method described above, whereby for the first time not only a single-material tool made of steel has to be manufactured in a machining process, but additive from different, powdery starting materials can be built.
  • This makes it possible in particular to incorporate a copper-based starting material in those areas of the die or the casting mold by means of laser melting, in which later a directed and improved heat dissipation, that is cooling of the die or the casting mold is to be achieved. Due to this individual possibility of locally improved cooling of the mold or the die, higher
  • the casting mold or the die can also be designed in several parts, wherein at least one component in the casting mold or the die is made of additive-generated and interconnected by means of laser melting
  • Powder mixtures may exist, which defined geometrically, that can be arranged at exactly predefined location and place in the mold in the die.
  • Fig. 1 is a manufactured by a method according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a partially sectioned view of one by means of
  • inventive method produced piston.
  • a casting tool 1 is shown, whose casting molds 2 are produced by means of a laser melting process according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 and additionally in FIG. 2 is a piston 3, which was also produced by means of the laser melting process according to the invention.
  • the piston 3 is shown in Figure 1 only for the sake of clarity in the casting tool 1, it being understood that the inventive piston 3 produced by laser melting is not poured into the casting tool 1.
  • the at least two different starting materials 4, 5 are in the means of
  • the article 6 may be formed, arranged such that the article 6 has predefined local strength properties and heat conduction properties.
  • At least two, preferably also more, different powdery starting materials 4, 5 are used for the first time, which have different strength properties and thermal conduction properties and which are furthermore arranged in the object 6 to be built up by means of laser melting. in localized areas, this has predefined local strength properties and thermal conduction properties, in particular higher strengths or higher thermal conductivities.
  • Laser melt process manufactured article 6 referred to.
  • an iron-based powder in particular powdery X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5, can be used, that is, a steel alloy with comparatively high toughness and comparatively high strength.
  • Starting material 5 arranged or used in areas in which an increased strength is desired.
  • the starting material 4 which is formed for example as a copper-based powder, used in areas in which an increased thermal conductivity is required.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that a piston 3 has been produced in the region of a piston head 7 of a combustion bowl 8, a ring section 9 and / or a cooling channel 10 made of a copper-based starting material 4 is formed and therefore there has improved thermal conduction properties, which in particular allow better cooling of the piston 3 according to the invention.
  • any three-dimensional objects 6 can thus be built up by means of laser melting, with only a single pulverulent one being used in comparison with previous ones

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un objet (6) par fusion par laser. Selon l'invention, on prend au moins deux matériaux de départ (4,5) pulvérulents différents ayant des propriétés de solidité et de conduction thermique différentes, le procédé étant caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux matériaux de départ (4, 5) différents sont disposés dans l'objet (6) à réaliser par fusion par laser de manière à avoir des propriétés de solidité locale et des propriétés de conduction thermique locales prédéfinies.
PCT/EP2017/075970 2016-10-14 2017-10-11 Procédé de fabrication d'un objet par fusion par laser WO2018069411A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016220136.0 2016-10-14
DE102016220136.0A DE102016220136A1 (de) 2016-10-14 2016-10-14 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gegenstandes mittels Laserschmelzen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018069411A1 true WO2018069411A1 (fr) 2018-04-19

Family

ID=60191345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/075970 WO2018069411A1 (fr) 2016-10-14 2017-10-11 Procédé de fabrication d'un objet par fusion par laser

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102016220136A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018069411A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11112009B2 (en) 2019-04-10 2021-09-07 Cummins Inc. Low heat transfer piston via binder jet technology

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018204738A1 (de) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Additiv gefertigtes Formwerkzeug für die Massivumformung
CN108788148A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-13 江苏理工学院 激光选区熔化制造具有随形冷却系统的h13钢模具的方法
WO2020018067A1 (fr) * 2018-07-16 2020-01-23 Dresser-Rand Company Ensemble de décharge de soupape
CN109465439B (zh) * 2018-11-14 2020-08-11 金华市宝琳工贸有限公司 自动化活塞浇铸中心

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007029052A1 (de) * 2007-06-21 2009-01-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Bauteils basierend auf dreidimensionalen Daten des Bauteils
DE102012000694A1 (de) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Kolben
DE102015209702A1 (de) 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Lasergesinterte Gießwerkzeuge für Schwerkraft-Kokillenguss
WO2016126455A1 (fr) * 2015-02-06 2016-08-11 Dresser-Rand Company Procédés pour fabrication additive d'un piston d'un seul tenant

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015094720A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 United Technologies Corporation Préforme métallique frittée à gradient

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007029052A1 (de) * 2007-06-21 2009-01-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Bauteils basierend auf dreidimensionalen Daten des Bauteils
DE102012000694A1 (de) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Kolben
DE102015209702A1 (de) 2014-05-27 2015-12-03 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Lasergesinterte Gießwerkzeuge für Schwerkraft-Kokillenguss
WO2016126455A1 (fr) * 2015-02-06 2016-08-11 Dresser-Rand Company Procédés pour fabrication additive d'un piston d'un seul tenant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11112009B2 (en) 2019-04-10 2021-09-07 Cummins Inc. Low heat transfer piston via binder jet technology

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016220136A1 (de) 2018-04-19

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