WO2018064901A1 - 一种新型截齿 - Google Patents

一种新型截齿 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018064901A1
WO2018064901A1 PCT/CN2017/092134 CN2017092134W WO2018064901A1 WO 2018064901 A1 WO2018064901 A1 WO 2018064901A1 CN 2017092134 W CN2017092134 W CN 2017092134W WO 2018064901 A1 WO2018064901 A1 WO 2018064901A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base body
base
pick
cutting
tooth
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/092134
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨岗
Original Assignee
杨岗
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Application filed by 杨岗 filed Critical 杨岗
Priority to EP17857782.1A priority Critical patent/EP3524774A4/en
Publication of WO2018064901A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018064901A1/zh
Priority to AU2018100703A priority patent/AU2018100703A4/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
    • E21C35/197—Means for fixing picks or holders using sleeves, rings or the like, as main fixing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1831—Fixing methods or devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1837—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of roadway boring machine, coal mining machine, shield machine and rotary drilling rig, and particularly relates to a novel cutting tooth.
  • the conventional picks are composed of two parts: a cemented carbide tooth head and a picking base.
  • copper is used as a solder high-temperature welding or hot pressing technology to connect the cemented carbide tooth head and the picking base body into one body.
  • the high temperature during welding affects the internal structure of the cemented carbide, reducing the strength, wear resistance and impact resistance of the pick; thus reducing the service life of the pick. Therefore, picks with better impact strength and wear resistance are required in production.
  • the present invention provides a novel pick with high impact resistance and high wear resistance.
  • a novel pick includes a base body, a cutting tooth 1 disposed on the base body, and a conical annular wedge 2;
  • the cutting tooth 1 is a polycrystalline diamond composite tooth, and is composed of a polycrystalline diamond composite layer 12 and a cemented carbide base 13;
  • the polycrystalline diamond composite layer 12 of the cutting teeth protrudes from the pick as a picking tooth a base body;
  • the pick base body includes a base upper portion 4 and a base lower portion 5.
  • the inner portion of the upper portion of the base body is a hollow structure, the hollow structure is inlaid with the cutting tooth member 1 and the tapered annular wedge 2; the top portion of the upper portion of the base body is provided with a tapered hole 8; the cutting teeth are hard
  • the alloy base 13, the conical annular wedge 2, and the tapered holes 8 provided at the top of the upper portion of the base are connected by an interference fit.
  • the joint is provided with a welding groove 7 which is integrally joined by welding the welded grooves together.
  • top of the lower portion 5 of the base body is provided with a connecting ram 9 which is in contact with the cutting toothed carbide base 13 and the conical annular wedge 2.
  • the bottom end of the lower portion 5 of the base body is provided with a spring groove 10 fixed to the pick base.
  • the wear-resistant layer 3 is disposed in the upper wearable portion of the base body; the wear-resistant layer is welded by the argon arc welding technology to the wear-resistant area of the pick-up base body, and completely covers the surface of the base body.
  • the upper wear-resistant layer 3 of the pick-up base body is annularly welded, wherein the weld-welded tungsten carbide layer is sequentially stacked in each layer along the axis direction of the base body, and the thickness thereof increases sequentially perpendicular to the axial direction of the base body.
  • the pick base is rotationally coupled to the center of the adapter.
  • a middle portion of the lower portion of the base body is further provided with a cylindrical table 11 located below the threaded buckle at the lower portion of the base body.
  • the invention avoids the influence of welding or hot pressing on the polycrystalline diamond cutting teeth, greatly improves the impact resistance and wear resistance of the diamond composite teeth; and the wear-resistant layer is increased in the easy-wearing area of the picks. The wear resistance of the pick is enhanced, and the diamond composite tooth has a good supporting effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pick of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the upper and lower portions of the base of the novel pick of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a polycrystalline diamond composite tooth of the pick of the present invention.
  • 4 and 5 are schematic views showing the structure of a conical annular wedge of the pick of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic structural views of a novel pick according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a base body, a cutting tooth member disposed on the base body, and a conical annular wedge 2, wherein the cutting tooth member comprises a polycrystalline diamond composite a layer 12 and a cemented carbide base 13; the pick-up base body comprises: a base upper portion 4 and a base lower portion 5, the interior of the upper portion of the base body is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is inlaid with the cutting tooth member and the conical annular wedge 2 Further, the top of the upper portion of the base body is provided with a tapered hole 8 whose polycrystalline diamond composite layer 12 is as a pick-toothed tooth height from the base body.
  • the cutting tooth cemented carbide base 13, the tapered annular wedge 2 and the tapered holes 8 provided at the top of the upper portion of the base are joined together by an interference wedge.
  • the upper portion 4 of the base body and the lower portion 5 of the base body are connected together by a threaded buckle.
  • the upper part of the base body is provided with an inner thread buckle
  • the lower part of the base body is provided with an outer thread buckle
  • a top connecting rod 9 is arranged at the top of the lower part of the base body.
  • the connecting ram 9 is in contact with the bottom of the cutting tooth cemented carbide base 13 and the bottom of the conical annular wedge Figure 4.
  • the joint is provided with a welding groove 7 through which the welding is performed The slots are welded together to make them integrated.
  • the bottom end of the lower portion of the base body is provided with a spring groove 10 connected to the pick base, wherein the pick base is rotationally coupled to the center of the tooth holder.
  • the cutting toothed carbide base 13 and the conical annular wedge 2 are fastened in the tapered hole by the pre-tightening force of the upper and lower partial threads of the base body, and then used in the tapered hole.
  • the pre-tightened picks are welded at the upper and lower base joints.
  • the cutting teeth include: a polycrystalline diamond composite layer 12, a cemented carbide base 13; the cemented carbide base 13 through a conical annular wedge FIG. 4 and the pick
  • the upper tapered hole of the base body is wedge-fastened, and the a-corner surface is completely tightly wedged with the inner side of the conical wedge in FIG.
  • the polycrystalline diamond composite tooth replaces the cemented carbide tip as a tunneling tool to cut the rock.
  • At least a portion of the upper portion of the substrate is provided with a wear-resistant layer 3 and is annularly welded, and the wear-resistant layer covers the surface of the wear-prone region on the pick-up substrate.
  • the wear layer is formed by argon arc welding technology, and the tungsten carbide electrode is welded to the wearable area of the pick base; during the welding process, the cutter base is rotated along the axis and the argon arc weld is used by the special tool clamping.
  • the tungsten carbide electrode is welded, and the substrate is preheated before welding, and the substrate is insulated after the welding is completed. In order to enhance the wear resistance of the wearable area of the substrate.
  • the wedge has a conical annular shape, and a through groove 14 is formed on the circumference; when assembled, the bottom end of the 13-cemented carbide base is completely fastened and wedged with the conical wedge. The outer side of the annular wedge is completely wedge-fastened with the conical surface of the upper portion 8 of the base.
  • the polycrystalline diamond cutting teeth can use existing diamond composite materials.
  • a middle portion of the lower portion of the base body is further provided with a cylindrical table 11 located below the thread buckle of the lower portion of the base body.
  • the invention adopts the polycrystalline diamond composite tooth as the cutting tooth of the pick on the basis of the prior art, and the improved pick uses a thread to fasten the cutting tooth and the tapered ring wedge in the base tapered matching hole, and The wear-resistant area of the pick increases the wear layer so that the impact resistance and wear resistance of the pick are enhanced.
  • the pick base can provide good support for the new diamond composite teeth, which replace the cemented carbide teeth as a tunneling tool to cut the rock.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种截齿，包括基体、设于基体上的切削齿（1）以及圆锥环形楔子（2）；其中切削齿（1）为聚晶金刚石复合齿，由聚晶金刚石复合层（12）和硬质合金底座（13）组成；所述截齿基体包括：基体上部（4）和基体下部（5），基体上部（4）的内部为空心结构，且所述空心结构镶嵌有所述切削齿（1）以及圆锥环形楔子（2）；所述基体上部（4）的顶部设有锥型孔（8）；所述切削齿（1）的硬质合金底座（13）、圆锥环形楔子（2）以及基体上部（4）的顶部设有的锥型孔（8）通过过盈配合连接在一起。该截齿避免了焊接或热压对聚晶金刚石切削齿的影响、极大提高了金刚石复合齿的抗冲击性和耐磨性，极大的延长了截齿的使用寿命。

Description

一种新型截齿 技术领域
本发明属于巷道掘进机、采煤机和盾构机、旋挖钻机领域，具体涉及一种新型截齿。
背景技术
在现有技术中，掘进机、综采机和盾构机、旋挖钻机广泛用于各种煤矿隧道掘进工程施工；截割头是掘进机、综采机和盾构机、旋挖钻机的主要部件，截齿通过齿座固定在截割头上，截齿通常采用硬质合金齿尖(称之为硬质合金截齿)，多为圆锥的外形，并直接固定在相应的底座上。在实际工作过程中，截割头以冲击的方式通过截齿截割岩石，是主要的受力部件。
其中，在遇到硬度较高的岩层时，受到较大的冲击载荷和摩擦，其上的硬质合金截齿磨损较快，严重影响了工作效率。
传统截齿都是由硬质合金齿头和截齿基体两部分组成，一般采用铜作为焊料高温焊接或热压技术将硬质合金齿头与截齿基体连接成一体。焊接时的高温会影响硬质合金内部的组织结构，降低了截齿的强度，耐磨性，抗冲击性；从而降低了截齿的使用寿命。因此生产中需要抗冲击强度及耐磨性更好的截齿。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种抗冲击性强、耐磨性高的新型截齿。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采取的方案如下：
一种新型截齿，包括基体、设于基体上的切削齿1以及圆锥环形楔子2；所述切削齿1为聚晶金刚石复合齿，由聚晶金刚石复合层12和硬质合金底座13组成；所述切削齿的聚晶金刚石复合层12作为截齿切削齿伸出于所述截齿 基体；所述截齿基体包括基体上部4和基体下部5。
进一步地，所述基体上部的内部为空心结构，所述空心结构镶嵌有所述切削齿部件1以及圆锥环形楔子2；所述基体上部的顶部设有锥型孔8；所述切削齿硬质合金底座13、圆锥环形楔子2以及基体上部的顶部设有的锥型孔8通过过盈配合连接。
进一步地，所述基体上部4和基体下部5通过丝扣6相连接在一起。
进一步地，所述连接处设有焊接槽7，通过对所述焊接槽进行焊接连接在一起，使之成为一体。
进一步地，所述基体下部5的顶部设有一连接顶杆9，所述连接顶杆9与所述切削齿硬质合金底座13以及圆锥环形楔子2相接触。
进一步地，所述基体下部5的底端设有和截齿底座相固定的卡簧槽10。
进一步地，所述基体上部易磨损区设有耐磨层3；其耐磨层采用氩弧焊焊接技术将碳化钨焊条堆焊在截齿基体易磨损区，且完全覆盖在基体的表面。
进一步地，所述截齿基体上部耐磨层3呈环状焊接，其中堆焊碳化钨层沿着基体轴线方向每层依次叠加，其厚度垂直于基体轴线方向依次增加。
进一步地，所述截齿基体与齿座中心旋转地连接。
进一步地，所述基体下部的中部还设有一圆柱台11，位于所述基体下部的丝扣的下方。
本发明采取了上述方案以后，避免了焊接或热压对聚晶金刚石切削齿的影响、极大提高了金刚石复合齿的抗冲击性和耐磨性；且截齿易磨损区增加了耐磨层使得截齿的耐磨性增强，对金刚石复合齿有良好的支撑作用。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书、以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细的描述，以使得本发明的上述优点更加明确。
图1为本发明截齿的结构示意图；
图2为图1的新型截齿的基体上下部分的结构示意图；
图3是本发明截齿的聚晶金刚石复合齿的结构示意图；
图4和图5为本发明截齿的圆锥环形楔子的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图1和2所述，是本发明实施例的新型截齿的结构示意图，其包括：基体、设于基体上的切削齿部件以及圆锥环形楔子2，所述切削齿部件包括聚晶金刚石复合层12和硬质合金底座13；所述截齿基体包括：基体上部4和基体下部5，基体上部的内部为空心结构，且所述空心结构镶嵌有所述切削齿部件以及圆锥环形楔子2，此外，所述基体上部的顶部设有锥型孔8，所述切削齿的聚晶金刚石复合层12作为截齿切削齿高出于所述基体。所述切削齿硬质合金底座13、圆锥环形楔子2所示以及基体上部的顶部设有的锥型孔8通过过盈楔合连接在一起。
更具体地说，所述基体上部4和基体下部5通过丝扣连接在一起，基体上部设有内丝扣，基体下部设有外丝扣，且在基体下部的顶部设有一连接顶杆9，所述连接顶杆9与所述切削齿硬质合金底座13底部以及圆锥环形楔子图4底部相顶紧，在优选的实施例中，所述连接处设有焊接槽7，通过对所述焊接槽进行焊接连接在一起，使之成为一体。
此外，所述基体下部的底端设有和截齿底座相连接的卡簧槽10，其中，所述截齿基体与齿座中心旋转地连接。
其中，在安装的时候，所述切削齿硬质合金底座13以及圆锥环形楔子2通过基体上下部分丝扣的预紧力配合连接顶杆9将其紧固在锥型孔中，再将用来预紧的截齿上下基体连接处进行焊接，这样的改进避免了焊接或热压时高温对聚晶金刚石切削齿金刚石复合层与合金底座结合组织的影响，这样大大提高了新型金刚石复合体的抗冲击性和耐磨性，使其能够应用在煤层、岩层的掘采中，取代硬质合金。
其中，对图3进行说明，所述切削齿包括：聚晶金刚石复合层12，硬质合金底座13；所述硬质合金底座13通过圆锥环形楔子图4与所述截齿 基体上部锥孔楔合紧固，a角在装配时圆锥面与圆锥形楔子图4内侧面完全紧固楔合。所述聚晶金刚石复合齿取代硬质合金齿尖作为掘进工具截割岩石。
其中，如图1和2所示，所述基体上部的至少一部分设有耐磨层3，且呈环状焊接，所述耐磨层覆盖在所述截齿基体上的易磨损区的表面上，该耐磨层采用氩弧焊技术，将碳化钨焊条堆焊在截齿基体的易磨损区；焊接过程中，利用专用的工具装夹使截齿基体沿着轴线旋转同时利用氩弧焊堆焊碳化钨焊条，且在焊接前对基体进行预加热，焊接完成后对基体采用保温措施。以此来增强基体易磨损区的耐磨效果。
其中，如图4所示，所述楔子呈圆锥环形，其圆周上加工一通槽14；装配时，13硬质合金底座底端圆锥台面与圆锥形楔子图4内侧面完全紧固楔合，圆锥环形楔子外侧面与基体上部8圆锥形面完全楔合紧固。
其中，聚晶金刚石切削齿可以用现有的金刚石复合材料，例如，在优选的实施例中，制作时，按设计参数需要生产合理尺寸的切削齿，在硬质合金上面放入金刚石粉料和粘结剂，高温高压烧结而成。
其中，所述基体下部的中部还设有一圆柱台11，位于所述基体下部的丝扣的下方。
本发明在现有技术的基础上将聚晶金刚石复合齿作为截齿的切削齿，改进后的截齿采用了丝扣将切削齿以及圆锥环形楔子紧固在基体锥形配合孔中，此外，截齿易磨损区增加了耐磨层使得截齿的抗冲击性和耐磨性增强。
并且，所述截齿基体可以对新型金刚石复合齿提供良好的支撑，所述金刚石复合齿取代硬质合金齿作为掘进工具截割岩石。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。
凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。本领域技术人员应该明白，上面的具 体描述只是为了解释本发明的目的，并非用于限制本发明。本发明的保护范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型截齿，包括基体、设于基体上的切削齿1以及圆锥环形楔子2；所述切削齿1为聚晶金刚石复合齿，由聚晶金刚石复合层12和硬质合金底座13组成；所述切削齿的聚晶金刚石复合层12作为截齿切削齿伸出于所述截齿基体；所述截齿基体包括基体上部4和基体下部5。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述基体上部的内部为空心结构，所述空心结构镶嵌有所述切削齿部件1以及圆锥环形楔子2；所述基体上部的顶部设有锥型孔8；所述切削齿硬质合金底座13、圆锥环形楔子2以及基体上部的顶部设有的锥型孔8通过过盈配合连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述基体上部4和基体下部5通过丝扣6相连接在一起。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述连接处设有焊接槽7。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述基体下部5的顶部设有一连接顶杆9，所述连接顶杆9与所述切削齿硬质合金底座13以及圆锥环形楔子2相接触。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述基体下部5的底端设有和截齿底座相固定的卡簧槽10。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述基体上部易磨损区设有耐磨层3；其耐磨层采用氩弧焊焊接技术将碳化钨焊条堆焊在截齿基体易磨损区，且完全覆盖在基体的表面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述截齿基体上部耐磨层3呈环状焊接，其中堆焊碳化钨层沿着基体轴线方向每层依次叠加，其厚度垂直于基体轴线方向依次增加。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述截齿基体与齿座中心旋转地连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的新型截齿，其特征在于，所述基体下部的中部还设有一圆柱台11，位于所述基体下部的丝扣的下方。
PCT/CN2017/092134 2016-10-09 2017-07-07 一种新型截齿 WO2018064901A1 (zh)

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