WO2018064898A1 - 内窥镜先端部、内窥镜调焦方法及内窥镜 - Google Patents

内窥镜先端部、内窥镜调焦方法及内窥镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018064898A1
WO2018064898A1 PCT/CN2017/090970 CN2017090970W WO2018064898A1 WO 2018064898 A1 WO2018064898 A1 WO 2018064898A1 CN 2017090970 W CN2017090970 W CN 2017090970W WO 2018064898 A1 WO2018064898 A1 WO 2018064898A1
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Prior art keywords
endoscope
lens
hole
end portion
focusing
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PCT/CN2017/090970
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周震华
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上海安清医疗器械有限公司
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Application filed by 上海安清医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 上海安清医疗器械有限公司
Priority to JP2019600055U priority Critical patent/JP3224391U/ja
Priority to DE212017000212.3U priority patent/DE212017000212U1/de
Publication of WO2018064898A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018064898A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
    • A61B1/00096—Optical elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
    • A61B1/00057—Operational features of endoscopes provided with means for testing or calibration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0011—Manufacturing of endoscope parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00188—Optical arrangements with focusing or zooming features
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
    • A61B1/051—Details of CCD assembly
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0676—Endoscope light sources at distal tip of an endoscope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0684—Endoscope light sources using light emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of endoscope technology, and in particular, to an endoscope end portion, an endoscope focusing method, and an endoscope including the endoscope end portion.
  • Endoscope is a kind of medical testing instrument that can be inserted into human body cavity or internal organs for direct observation, diagnosis and treatment. It generally includes image sensor, optical lens, light source illumination and mechanical device. It can enter the stomach through the mouth and other natural The tunnel or a small incision after surgery enters the body. With the endoscope, it is possible to see a lesion that cannot be displayed by X-rays, and when it is used, it is introduced into an organ to be detected, and the function of the detector is clearly imaged on the photosensitive element by an optical lens or the like, and the image is transmitted to the outside of the body. The device is for observation by a doctor or other person.
  • the distance between the optical lens and the photosensitive element needs to be adjusted by the relevant device to achieve the best. Imaging quality, convenient for medical personnel to observe and detect.
  • Chinese patent document CN201510996753 discloses an electronic endoscope comprising an endoscope sleeve, at least one set of imaging lens groups, at least one set of photosensitive components, and at least one set of axial position adjusting devices; both the imaging lens group and the photosensitive component are configured At the front end of the endoscope sleeve, the axial position adjusting device is disposed at the rear end of the endoscope sleeve, and the axial position adjusting device is used for driving the imaging lens group or the photosensitive member to move along the axial direction of the endoscope sleeve To adjust the distance between the imaging lens group and the photosensitive member.
  • the axial position adjusting device comprises an adjusting nut and a metal rod, one end of the metal rod passes through the front end pressing and fixing device and is connected with the photosensitive assembly, and the other end of the metal rod is connected with the adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is screwed with the endoscope sleeve.
  • the axial position adjusting device comprises a spring group, a wire and an adjusting nut, the spring group is installed between the photosensitive component and the lens fixing device, and one end of the wire is connected to the photosensitive component through the front end pressing fixing device, and the wire is further One end is connected to the adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is screwed to the endoscope sleeve.
  • the electronic endoscope provided by the above patent document can adjust the distance between the imaging lens group and the photosensitive member by the axial position adjusting device, so that the function of the detector is visually imaged on the photosensitive member.
  • the axial position adjusting device has a complicated structure, and requires many components, such as adjusting a nut and a metal rod, or requiring a spring group and a wire. And adjusting the nut, therefore, often requires more material, resulting in higher production cost of the endoscope, and because of the larger number of components, the endoscope is larger, and it is not convenient to insert into the body cavity or internal organs. Or easy to cause discomfort to the patient during use.
  • Chinese patent document CN201310601289 discloses an electronic digital endoscope including an endoscope, a ring illumination device, a handheld camera, a focusing device, an LED cold light source and an inflator, an endoscope, a ring illumination device, a focusing device and a handheld device.
  • the cameras are sequentially connected by respective movable connection structures, and the LED cold light source and the inflator are respectively connected to the ring illumination device.
  • the front end of the focusing device is provided with a quick connecting snap ring, and the focusing device is connected by a quick connecting snap ring and a ring lighting device, and the quick connecting snap ring comprises an upper cover and a lower cover connected between the upper cover and the lower cover
  • the outer movable ring, the locking piece, the fixing ring and the inner movable ring, the inner movable ring is mounted on the lower part of the fixing ring, the inner movable ring has two symmetrically arranged grooves, the groove is provided with a spring, the fixing ring and the lower cover are fixed
  • the top surface of the fixing ring is provided with three pin holes uniformly distributed along the circumference, the outer movable ring is provided with three sliding grooves, and the locking piece has three, and the two ends of the locking piece are respectively provided with an upper pin shaft and a lower pin.
  • the shaft and the lower small shaft are inserted in the pin hole, the upper pin shaft is inserted in the sliding slot, the three locking pieces are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring, and the side of the outer movable ring is provided with a locking head on the side wall of the upper cover A projection and a downwardly facing notch are provided, and the locking head is caught in the notch.
  • the electronic digital endoscope provided by the patent document can also adjust the focal length by the focusing device, so that the function of the device to be detected is clearly imaged on the photosensitive member, but like the technical solution disclosed in the aforementioned patent document, the patent document provides The focusing device still has a complicated structure and a large number of components, so that the production cost of the endoscope is high and the volume of the endoscope is large.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope tip end portion, an endoscope focusing method, and an endoscope which can be easily and quickly focused.
  • the present invention provides an endoscope tip portion including a tip end body and a lens, and a front end portion of the tip end body is provided with a lens hole for placing a lens, and a side wall of the front end body is provided with a focusing hole The focusing hole communicates with the lens hole to adjust the axial position of the lens in the lens hole.
  • the focusing hole is located at an intermediate position of the axial hole of the lens hole.
  • a photosensitive chip is disposed in the front end body at a position below the lens hole and in contact with the lens hole.
  • an LED light source is provided at a front end portion of the tip end body and a position outside the lens hole.
  • the side wall of the tip end body is provided with an LED light source.
  • the LED light source is disposed on the front end portion of the tip end body by welding or FPC.
  • the LED light source is disposed on the side wall of the tip end body by welding or FPC.
  • the front end portion of the tip end body is provided with a water inlet hole and/or a water outlet hole.
  • the front end portion of the tip end body is provided with an instrument passage hole.
  • the tip end body is made of a metal material or a plastic material.
  • the invention also provides an endoscope focusing method, comprising:
  • Step a placing the lens and the photosensitive chip in the same tip end body
  • Step b applying a curing glue on the inner side surface of the front end body of the mounting lens
  • Step c adjusting the distance of the lens relative to the photosensitive chip before the colloid of the curing glue is dry
  • Step d when the distance reaches the prescribed imaging quality, the adjustment is stopped;
  • Step e waiting for the gel of the cured adhesive to dry, and the lens is fixed.
  • the endoscope focusing method further includes a step f of sealing the focusing hole when the lens is fixed.
  • the present invention also provides an endoscope comprising an insertion tube and a handle, the insertion end of the insertion tube being coupled to the endoscope tip end as described above, and the non-insertion end of the insertion tube being coupled to the handle.
  • the insertion tube is provided with a controllable curved bending portion, and the bending portion is connected with an operation portion provided on the handle for controlling or changing a bending size and a bending direction of a portion of the insertion tube that can enter the human body.
  • the end portion of the endoscope provided by the present invention adjusts the axial position of the lens in the lens hole only by providing a focusing hole opposite to the lens hole on the side wall of the front end main body, thereby adjusting the lens and the photosensitive chip.
  • the distance between the components reduces the components required for the focusing device, reduces the cost of the endoscope production, and reduces the volume of the endoscope due to the reduction of the components.
  • the use is convenient and the focusing is simple, and it is worthy of widespread use.
  • the endoscope focusing method provided by the present invention directly sets the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip by adjusting the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip on the same tip end body, thereby achieving a predetermined imaging quality, and the focusing method is simple. Easy to operate, it is worthy of widespread use.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall structural view of a distal end portion of an endoscope according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an overall structural view of a distal end portion of an endoscope according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting an endoscope according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an overall structural diagram of an endoscope according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the "front end portion of the tip end body” used in the following description refers to the end of the endoscope that is close to the detected organ during use, and the “below the lens hole” used as the tip end portion of the tip end portion is used as the tip end portion of the tip end portion Above and determined
  • the “insertion end of the insertion tube” used herein refers to the end of the endoscope that is inserted into the human body.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an endoscope tip portion including a tip end body 10 and a lens, and a front end portion of the tip end body 10 is provided with a lens hole 20 for placing the lens.
  • the side wall of the tip end body 10 is provided with a focusing hole 30, and the focusing hole 30 communicates with the lens hole 20 for adjusting the axial position of the lens in the lens hole 20.
  • the shape of the lens may be various shapes such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, a square, and the like.
  • the cylinder is preferably selected, and thus, the front end portion of the tip end body 10 is provided with a column for placing the cylinder.
  • a cylindrical lens aperture 20 of the body lens is provided.
  • the preferred embodiment has a focusing hole 30 on the side wall of the front end body 10, and the focusing hole 30 communicates with the lens hole 20 so that the Tweezers or other special tools that meet the size can withstand the lens and move the lens up and down to complete the adjustment process, reducing the components required for the traditional focusing device, reducing the material required for endoscope production, and reducing the amount of material required for endoscope production.
  • the cost of endoscope production also reduces the size of the endoscope and facilitates insertion into the human body.
  • the tweezers, needles or other proprietary tools are used to extend into the focusing hole 30 to move the lens to perform focusing, the focusing is simple and convenient compared to the conventional focusing method.
  • the focusing hole 30 is disposed in the lens hole 20 The middle position of the axial hole.
  • the focusing hole 30 is mounted at an intermediate position of the axial hole of the lens hole 20 to facilitate the vertical movement of the lens to prevent the lens from completely leaving the focusing hole 30 and the focus cannot be adjusted.
  • a photosensitive chip (not shown) is disposed in the distal end main body 10 at a position below the lens hole 20 and opposed to the lens hole 20.
  • an endoscope light reflected by a target to be detected is imaged by the lens and transmitted to the photosensitive chip, and the photosensitive chip converts an optical image (ie, an optical signal) into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is Export to an external monitor or display for observation by an observer. Therefore, the quality of the image in the photosensitive chip will directly affect the observation effect of the external monitor or the display.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides the endoscope end portion.
  • the photosensitive chip By arranging the photosensitive chip in the tip end body 10, below the lens hole 20, at a position facing and communicating with the lens hole 20, and adjusting the axial position of the lens in the lens hole 20, the adjustment is performed.
  • the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip enables a clear detection target to be collected on the photosensitive chip, which is convenient for the observer to observe clearly.
  • the photosensitive chip can adopt electricity commonly used in the art.
  • Load-coupled components English full name Charge Coupled Device, CCD for short
  • complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices English full name Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS for short
  • other optical images can be obtained, and optical images can be converted
  • a chip that is an electrical signal is not limited to a charge coupled device CCD chip or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device CMOS chip.
  • the front end portion of the front end main body 10 and the position outside the lens hole 20 are provided with an LED light source 40 for providing a light source in the end portion of the endoscope. Achieve illumination of the endoscope to ensure clear imaging of the target to be detected.
  • LED light sources are respectively disposed on both sides of the lens hole 20 to improve the illumination in the tip end portion of the endoscope.
  • the illumination in the endoscope uniform, no dark spots of illumination are generated, thereby ensuring clear and clear imaging of the object to be detected, and in the endoscope end portion provided by the preferred embodiment, the side of the tip end body 10
  • the wall is also provided with an LED light source 40 for illumination within the endoscope.
  • the LED light source 40 is provided on the front end portion of the tip end body 10 and/or the side wall of the tip end body 10 by welding or FPC.
  • the LED light source 40 is attached to the front end portion of the tip end body 10, and is connected to the power line in the endoscope by a bonding wire, or the surface light assembly technology is used for the LED light source 40 (English name is Surface Mount Technology, referred to as SMT) is mounted on a flexible circuit board (English called Flexible Printed Circuit, FPC for short), and then the flexible circuit board FPC is mounted on the front end of the endoscope end portion, and the flexible circuit board FPC is connected to the endoscope. Power line.
  • SMT Surface Mount Technology
  • FPC Flexible Printed Circuit
  • the latter mounting method is preferably employed, that is, the LED light source 40 is mounted on the front end portion of the end portion of the endoscope by the FPC method, which can realize mass production, thereby greatly improving the endoscope. Productivity and operational efficiency.
  • the front end portion of the distal end main body 10 is provided with a water inlet hole 60 and a water outlet hole 70.
  • a water inlet hole 60 or only the water outlet hole 70 may be provided at the front end portion of the tip end body 10, that is, only the front end portion of the tip end body 10 may be provided only.
  • the front end portion of the distal end main body 10 is further provided with an instrument passage hole 80 for the instrument to extend into and out for work.
  • the tip end body 10 is made of a metal material or a plastic material.
  • the water inlet hole 60, the water outlet hole 70 and the instrument channel hole 80 are combined into a common hole, that is, only in the end portion of the endoscope.
  • the front end portion of the tip end body 10 is provided with a through hole, and the one through hole provided can be used as the water inlet hole 60 or as the water outlet hole 70, and can also be used as the instrument passage hole 80.
  • the difference between the endoscope end portion provided by the preferred embodiment and the endoscope end portion provided in Embodiment 1 is mainly that the endoscope end portion provided by the preferred embodiment is only at the front end portion of the front end portion main body 10.
  • the provision of a through hole for water ingress, water discharge and passage of the instrument further simplifies the construction of the end portion of the endoscope, further reducing the production cost of the endoscope and further improving the production efficiency.
  • still another preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides an endoscope focusing method, the endoscope focusing method comprising the step a, placing the lens and the photosensitive core in the same tip end body Step b, applying a curing glue on the inner side surface of the front end body of the lens; and step c, adjusting a distance of the lens relative to the photosensitive chip before the colloid of the curing glue is dry; d, when the distance reaches a prescribed image quality, the adjustment is stopped; in step e, the colloid of the cured glue is dried, and the lens is fixed.
  • a lens hole and a photosensitive chip hole for placing the lens and the photosensitive chip may be disposed in the same tip end body, wherein the lens hole is disposed in the tip end body near a target to be detected
  • the front end portion of the photosensitive chip is disposed under the lens hole, the lens is placed in the lens hole, and the photosensitive chip is placed in the photosensitive chip hole.
  • the curing glue may be evenly applied on the inner side surface of the tip end body on which the lens is placed, that is, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
  • the inner side of the lens hole 20 is evenly coated with a circle of curing glue, wherein the curing glue may be a dry curing glue after 5 minutes, or may be another curing glue dried after a certain time for the adjustment to be completed.
  • the curing glue may be a dry curing glue after 5 minutes, or may be another curing glue dried after a certain time for the adjustment to be completed.
  • the latter lens is fixed in the end portion of the endoscope.
  • the colloidal drying of the curing glue is required.
  • the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip is previously adjusted to adjust the quality of imaging on the photosensitive chip, so as to obtain an optimal imaging quality for observation by an observer.
  • adjusting the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip is to move the lens through the focusing hole 30 as described in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 The axial position within the lens aperture, whereby the adjustment process is accomplished by varying the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip.
  • the computer or other display can be viewed by the naked eye.
  • the resolution of the display and then by comparing the resolution card to determine whether the adjusted distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip is such that the imaging quality on the photosensitive chip reaches a prescribed optimal imaging quality,
  • a software for identifying the focal length is installed in a computer or other display to determine whether the distance between the adjusted lens and the photosensitive chip is such that the image quality on the photosensitive chip reaches a prescribed optimal image quality.
  • the adjustment is immediately stopped, and the colloid of the cured glue is awaited After drying, the gel of the cured adhesive is dried, the lens can be fixed at the position of the current best image quality, and will not move or change position with the subsequent external force, thereby completing the entire focusing process.
  • the focusing method provided by the preferred embodiment is simple, convenient, and easy to operate.
  • the lens does not move with other external forces, so that the focusing hole can be closed at this time, so that the inner portion
  • the scope can be moved in the human body without causing excessive damage to the human body.
  • the present invention also provides an endoscope including an insertion tube 43 and a handle 45, the insertion end of the insertion tube 43 being the same as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.
  • the speculum tip end portion 41 is connected, and the non-insertion end of the insertion tube 43 is connected to the handle 45.
  • the insertion tube 43 is provided with a controllable curved bending portion 42 which is connected to an operation portion (not shown in FIG. 4) provided on the handle 45 for controlling or changing the insertion.
  • the tube 43 can enter the bending and the bending direction of the portion of the human body to facilitate observation of the organ to be observed in the human body.
  • the insertion tube 43 is further provided with a plurality of water tubes 44 which are respectively connected to the water inlet holes and the water outlet holes in the front end portion of the endoscope tip end portion 41.
  • an insertion tube (not shown in Fig. 4) is provided in the insertion tube 43, and the instrument channel tube is connected to the instrument passage hole in the front end portion of the endoscope end portion 41.
  • the endoscope tip end portion 41 of the endoscope may be provided with only one through hole which is used both as a water inlet hole and as a water outlet hole, and also serves as an instrument passage hole.
  • only one water pipe 44 may be disposed in the insertion tube 43 to be connected with the through hole for use of water, water and instruments.
  • the axial position of the lens in the lens hole is adjusted by providing a focusing hole opposite to the lens hole on the side wall of the front end main body, thereby adjusting the distance between the lens and the photosensitive chip.
  • the image quality is optimized, the components required for the focusing device are reduced, the cost of the endoscope production is reduced, and the volume of the endoscope is reduced due to the reduction of the components.
  • the use is convenient and the focusing is simple, which is worthy of extensiveness. Promote use.
  • the endoscope focusing method disclosed by the invention directly adjusts the distance of the lens relative to the photosensitive chip by setting the lens and the photosensitive chip on the same tip end body to achieve the prescribed imaging quality, and the focusing method is simple and easy to operate, and is worthwhile. Widely promoted and used.

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Abstract

一种内窥镜先端部，包括先端部主体(10)和镜头，先端部主体(10)的前端部设置有用于放置镜头的镜头孔(20)，先端部主体(10)的侧壁设置有调焦孔(30)，调焦孔(30)与镜头孔(20)相通，用于调整镜头在镜头孔(20)内的轴向位置。只需通过在先端部主体(10)的侧壁设置一个与镜头孔(20)相对的调焦孔(30)来调整镜头在镜头孔(20)内的轴向位置，从而调整镜头与感光芯片之间的距离，即可达到预定的成像质量，减少了调焦装置所需的构件，降低了内窥镜生产的成本，同时因构件的减少也缩小了内窥镜的体积，使用方便、调焦简单，值得广泛推广使用。

Description

内窥镜先端部、内窥镜调焦方法及内窥镜 技术领域
本发明涉及内窥镜技术领域，特别涉及一种内窥镜先端部、内窥镜调焦方法及包含所述内窥镜先端部的内窥镜。
背景技术
内窥镜是一种可插入人体体腔或者脏器内脏进行直接观察、诊断治疗的医用检测仪器，一般包括图像传感器、光学镜头、光源照明和机械装置等，可以经口腔进入胃内、经其他天然孔道或者是经手术后的小切口进入人体内。利用内窥镜可以看到X射线不能显示的病变，使用时将其导入欲检测的器官，并通过光学镜头等使欲检测器官能在感光元件上清晰成像，同时将图像传送给体外的可视装置供医生或其他人员观察。因而，为了能够使欲检测的器官能在感光元件上清晰成像，以便于医护人员能清楚了解其情况，需要通过相关装置来调整光学镜头与感光元件之间的距离，使其能达到最佳的成像质量，方便医护人员的观察与检测。
中国专利文献CN201510996753公开了一种电子内窥镜，包括内窥镜套筒、至少一组成像透镜组、至少一组感光组件以及至少一组轴向位置调节装置；成像透镜组和感光组件均配置于内窥镜套筒的前端，轴向位置调节装置配置于内窥镜套筒的后端，轴向位置调节装置用于驱动成像透镜组或感光组件沿着内窥镜套筒的轴向移动，以调节成像透镜组与感光组件的间距。其中，轴向位置调节装置包括调节螺母和金属杆，金属杆一端穿过前端压紧固定装置并与感光组件连接，金属杆另一端与调节螺母连接，调节螺母与内窥镜套筒螺纹连接。或者，轴向位置调节装置包括弹簧组、金属丝和调节螺母，弹簧组安装在感光组件与镜头固定装置之间，金属丝的一端穿过前端压紧固定装置与感光组件连接，金属丝的另一端与调节螺母连接，调节螺母与内窥镜套筒螺纹连接。
上述专利文献提供的电子内窥镜，虽然可以通过轴向位置调节装置调节成像透镜组与感光组件之间的间距，从而使得欲检测器官能在感光组件上消晰成像。但该轴向位置调节装置结构复杂，所需要的构件较多，如需要调节螺母和金属杆，或者需要弹簧组、金属丝 和调节螺母，因而，往往需要耗费较多的材料，造成内窥镜的生产成本较高，同时因构件数量较多也就使得内窥镜体积较大，不便于插入人体体腔或者脏器内脏，或者易在使用过程中造成病者的不适。
中国专利文献CN201310601289公开了一种电子数字内窥镜，包括内窥镜、环形照明装置、手持摄像机、调焦装置、LED冷光源和充气装置，内窥镜、环形照明装置、调焦装置及手持摄像机依次通过各自的活动连接结构相连，LED冷光源、充气装置分别和环形照明装置相连。其中，调焦装置的前端设有快速连接卡环，调焦装置通过快速连接卡环和环形照明装置相连，快速连接卡环包括相连的上盖和下盖及设置于上盖和下盖之间的外活动环、锁止片、固定环和内活动环，内活动环装在固定环的下部，内活动环有两对称设置的凹槽、凹槽上设有弹簧，固定环和下盖固接，固定环的顶面上设有三个沿圆周均布的销孔，外活动环上设有三条滑槽，锁止片有三个，锁止片的两端分别设有上销轴和下销轴，下小轴插在销孔中，上销轴插在滑槽中，三个锁止片沿固定环的圆周均布，外活动环的侧面设有锁止头，上盖的侧壁上设有一凸头和一朝下的缺口，锁止头卡在缺口中。
该专利文献提供的电子数字内窥镜虽然也可以通过调焦装置来调整焦距，使得欲检测的器官能在感光组件上清晰成像，但如同前述专利文献公开的技术方案一样，该专利文献提供的调焦装置仍然存在结构复杂，构件数量较多，从而使得内窥镜的生产成本较高以及内窥镜体积较大的问题。
综上，现有内窥镜的调焦装置大多存在有结构复杂、构件数量较多的缺陷，因而，如何减少内窥镜调焦装置的构件，降低内窥镜的生产成本，并进一步缩小内窥镜的体积成为本领域亟待解决的问题之一。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种可简单、快速调焦的内窥镜先端部、内窥镜调焦方法和内窥镜。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种内窥镜先端部，包括先端部主体和镜头，先端部主体的前端部设置有用于放置镜头的镜头孔，先端部主体的侧壁设置有调焦孔，调焦孔与镜头孔相通，用于调整镜头在镜头孔内的轴向位置。
进一步地，调焦孔位于镜头孔的轴向的孔的中间位置。
优选地，先端部主体内、位于镜头孔下方、与镜头孔相对并相通的位置处设置有感光芯片。
进一步地，先端部主体的前端部、镜头孔外的位置设置有LED光源。
优选地，先端部主体的侧壁设置有LED光源。
进一步地，LED光源通过焊接或者FPC方式设置于先端部主体的前端部。
优选地，LED光源通过焊接或者FPC方式设置于先端部主体的侧壁。
进一步地，先端部主体的前端部设置有进水孔和/或出水孔。
优选地，先端部主体的前端部设置有器械通道孔。
进一步地，先端部主体由金属材料或塑胶材料制成。
本发明还提供了一种内窥镜调焦方法，包括：
步骤a，将镜头和感光芯片放置于同一先端部主体中；
步骤b，在安装镜头的先端部主体的内边面涂抹固化胶；
步骤c，在固化胶的胶体未干之前调节镜头相对于感光芯片的距离；
步骤d，当距离达到规定的成像质量时，停止调节；
步骤e，等待固化胶的胶体干燥，镜头被固定。
进一步地，内窥镜调焦方法还包括步骤f，当镜头固定后，密封调焦孔。
本发明还提供了一种内窥镜，包括插入管和手柄，插入管的插入端与如上所述的内窥镜先端部相连接，插入管的非插入端与手柄相连接。
进一步地，插入管内设置有可控弯曲的弯曲部，弯曲部与设置于手柄上的操作部相连接，操作部用于控制或改变插入管可进入人体内的部分的弯曲大小及弯曲方向。
如上，本发明所提供的内窥镜先端部，仅仅通过在先端部主体的侧壁设置一个与镜头孔相对的调焦孔来调整镜头在镜头孔内的轴向位置，从而调整镜头与感光芯片之间的距离，减少了调焦装置所需的构件，降低了内窥镜生产的成本，同时因构件的减少也缩小了内窥镜的体积，使用方便、调焦简单，值得广泛推广使用。
另外，本发明所提供的内窥镜调焦方法，通过将镜头和感光芯片设置于同一先端部主体，直接通过调节镜头相对于感光芯片的距离，来达到规定的成像质量，调焦方法简单、易操作，值得广泛推广使用。
为让本发明的上述内容能更明显易懂，下文特举优选实施例，并结合附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
下面将结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。
图1为本发明一个优选实施例提供的一种内窥镜先端部的整体结构图；
图2为本发明另一个优选实施例提供的一种内窥镜先端部的整体结构图；
图3为本发明又一个优选实施例提供的一种内窥镜调焦方法的方法流程图；
图4为本发明再一个优选实施例提供的一种内窥镜的整体结构图。
元件标号说明
10 先端部主体
20 镜头孔
30 调焦孔
40 LED光源放置孔
60 进水孔
70 出水孔
80 器械通道孔
41 内窥镜先端部
42 弯曲部
43 插入管
44 水管
45 手柄
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭示的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。虽然本发明的描述将结合优选实施例一起介绍，但这并不代表此发明的特征仅限于该实施方式。恰恰相反，结合实施方式作发明介绍的目的是为了覆盖基于本发明的权利要求而有可能延伸出的其它选择或改造。为了提供对本发明的深度了解，以下描述中将包含许多具体的细节。本发明也可以不使用这些细节实施。此外，为了避免混乱或模糊本发明的重点，有些具体细节将在描述中被省略。
另外，在以下的说明中所使用的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”，不应理解为对本发明的限制。
同时，在以下的说明中所使用的“先端部主体的前端部”是指内窥镜使用中靠近被检测器官的一端，所使用的“镜头孔下方”是指以先端部主体的前端部作为上方而确定的下 方，所使用的“插入管的插入端”是指内窥镜中插入到人体内的一端。
实施例1
如图1中所示，本发明一个优选实施例提供了一种内窥镜先端部，包括先端部主体10和镜头，先端部主体10的前端部设置有用于放置所述镜头的镜头孔20，先端部主体10的侧壁设置有调焦孔30，调焦孔30与镜头孔20相通，用于调整所述镜头在镜头孔20内的轴向位置。
在此，所述镜头的形状可以为圆柱体、长方体、正方体等各种形状，本优选实施例中，优选地选择圆柱体，因而，在先端部主体10的前端部设置有用于放置所述圆柱体状镜头的圆柱形的镜头孔20。为方便调节所述镜头在镜头孔20内的轴向位置，本优选实施例在先端部主体10的侧壁开设有调焦孔30，并且该调焦孔30与镜头孔20相通，使得可以通过镊子或者其他符合尺寸的专用工具顶住所述镜头，并上下移动所述镜头即可完成调节过程，减少了传统调焦装置所需的构件，减少了内窥镜生产所需耗费的材料，降低了内窥镜生产的成本，同时也缩小了内窥镜的体积，便于插入人体中。并且，由于只需采用镊子、针头或者其他专有工具伸进调焦孔30中移动所述镜头即可进行调焦，相比于传统调焦方法而言，调焦简单、方便。
在此，为了使调焦更加简便，为了更加方便对所述镜头的轴向距离进行调整，也为了使调焦更加准确，本优选实施例，优选地，将调焦孔30设置于镜头孔20的轴向的孔的中间位置。将调焦孔30安装于镜头孔20的轴向的孔的中间位置，便于对所述镜头进行上下移动，避免所述镜头完全离开调焦孔30而无法调焦情况的出现。
本发明一个优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，先端部主体10内、位于镜头孔20下方、与镜头孔20相对并相通的位置处设置有感光芯片(图中未示出)。在内窥镜中，欲检测的目标所反射的光经所述镜头成像后传输到所述感光芯片，所述感光芯片将光学图像(即光信号)转换为电信号，并将所述电信号导出至外部监视器或者显示器，以供观察人员观察。因而，感光芯片中成像质量的好坏将直接影响着外部监视器或显示器的观察效果，为能够在所述感光芯片上获得清晰的成像，本发明一个优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，通过将所述感光芯片设置于先端部主体10内、位于镜头孔20下方、与镜头孔20相对并相通的位置，并通过调整所述镜头在镜头孔20内的轴向位置，来调整所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离，使得所述感光芯片上能够采集到清晰的检测目标，便于观察人员的清楚观察。
另外，本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，所述感光芯片可以采用本领域常用的电 荷耦合元件(英文全称为Charge Coupled Device，简称CCD)或者互补金属氧化物半导体器件(英文全称为Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，简称CMOS)，当然也可以采用其他能够获得光学图像，并能将光学图像转换为电信号的芯片，而并不限制于电荷耦合元件CCD芯片或者互补金属氧化物半导体器件CMOS芯片。
进一步地，本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，先端部主体10的前端部、镜头孔20外的位置设置有LED光源40，用于为所述内窥镜先端部内提供光源，从而实现内窥镜的照明，确保欲检测目标清晰成像。本优选实施例中，优选地，在镜头孔20的两侧分别设置有LED光源，以提高所述内窥镜先端部内的照明度。
优选地，为了使得内窥镜内的光照均匀，不会产生照明暗点，从而确保欲检测目标的成像清楚、清晰，本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，先端部主体10的侧壁还设置有LED光源40，以供内窥镜内的照明。
进一步地，LED光源40通过焊接或者FPC方式设置于先端部主体10的前端部和/或先端部主体10的侧壁。在此，LED光源40安装于先端部主体10的前端部，并通过焊线连接至内窥镜中的电源线上，或者，将LED光源40利用表面组装技术(英文全称为Surface Mount Technology，简称SMT)安装于柔性电路板(英文全称为Flexible Printed Circuit，简称FPC)上，然后再将柔性电路板FPC安装于内窥镜先端部的前端部，同时将柔性电路板FPC连接至内窥镜中的电源线上。在本优选实施例中，优选地采用后一种安装方式，即通过FPC方式来将LED光源40安装于内窥镜先端部的前端部，可以实现大批量生产，从而极大地提高了内窥镜的生产效率和操作效率。
如图1中所示，本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，先端部主体10的前端部设置有进水孔60和出水孔70。在此，本领域的技术人员应当能理解，在先端部主体10的前端部也可以只设置进水孔60或者只设置出水孔70，也就是说也可以在先端部主体10的前端部只设置一个既作为进水使用又作为出水使用的水孔，从而简化内窥镜的构造，提高生产效率。
优选地，如图1中所示，本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，先端部主体10的前端部还设置有器械通道孔80，用于供器械伸进拉出的进行工作。
作为优选的，本发明一个优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，先端部主体10由金属材料或塑胶材料制成。
实施例2
如图2中所示，本发明另一个优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部中，将进水孔60、出水孔70和器械通道孔80三孔合为一个共用的孔，即只需在先端部主体10的前端部设置一个通孔，而所设置的这一个通孔既可作为进水孔60来使用，也可作为出水孔70来使用，同时还可作为器械通道孔80来使用。
本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部与实施例1中提供的内窥镜先端部的区别，主要在于，本优选实施例提供的内窥镜先端部，只在先端部主体10的前端部设置一个用于进水、出水和器械通过的通孔，进一步简化了内窥镜先端部的构造，进一步降低了内窥镜的生产成本，进一步提高了生产效率。
实施例3
如图3中所示，本发明又一个优选实施例还提供了一种内窥镜调焦方法，所述内窥镜调焦方法包括步骤a，将镜头与感光芯放置于同一先端部主体中；步骤b，在安装所述镜头的所述先端部主体的内边面涂抹固化胶；步骤c，在所述固化胶的胶体未干之前调节所述镜头相对于所述感光芯片的距离；步骤d，当所述距离达到规定的成像质量时，停止所述调节；步骤e，等待所述固化胶的胶体干燥，所述镜头被固定。
在此，可以在同一所述先端部主体中设置用于放置所述镜头和所述感光芯片的镜头孔和感光芯片孔，其中，所述镜头孔设置于所述先端部主体中靠近欲检测目标的前端部，所述感光芯片孔则设置于所述镜头孔的下方，所述镜头放置于所述镜头孔中，所述感光芯片放置于所述感光芯片孔中。优选地，在设置完所述镜头孔并在放置所述镜头之前，可以在放置所述镜头的所述先端部主体的内边面均匀涂抹固化胶，即在如图1或者图2中所示的镜头孔20的内边面均匀涂抹一圈固化胶，其中，所述固化胶可以是5分钟后干的固化胶，也可以是在一定时间后干的其他固化胶，以用于将调整完毕后的所述镜头固定于所述内窥镜先端部内。
进一步地，在安装所述镜头的所述先端部主体的内边面涂抹固化胶后，即在所述镜头孔的内边面均匀涂抹一圈固化胶后，需在所述固化胶的胶体干燥之前调节所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离，以调节在所述感光芯片上成像的质量，以期能获取到最佳的成像质量，便于观察人员的观察。在本优选实施例提供的调焦方法中，调节所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离，是通过如图1或者图2中所述的调焦孔30来移动所述镜头在所述镜头孔内的轴向位置，以此通过改变所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离来完成调节过程。另外，在调节所述镜头与所述感光芯片的距离过程中，可以通过肉眼观看电脑或其他显示器 显示的解析度，然后通过对比解析度卡来确定所调节的所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离是否使得所述感光芯片上的成像质量达到规定的最佳成像质量，也可以通过在电脑或者其他显示器中安装专用识别焦距的软件来判断所调节的所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离是否使得所述感光芯片上的成像质量达到规定的最佳成像质量。当所述调节的所述镜头与所述感光芯片之间的距离使得所述感光芯片上的成像质量达到规定的最佳成像质量时，则立即停止所述调节，并等待所述固化胶的胶体干燥，所述固化胶的胶体干燥以后，所述镜头即可被固定于当前最佳成像质量的位置，并且不会再随之后的外力而移动或者改变位置，从而完成了整个的调焦过程。相比于传统的调焦方法而言，本优选实施例提供的调焦方法简单、方便、易操作。
优选地，在所述固化胶的胶体干燥，所述镜头被固定以后，所述镜头即不会再随其他外力而移动位置，因而，此时即可以封闭所述调焦孔，使得所述内窥镜可以在人体体内进行移动而不会对人体造成过多的伤害。
实施例4
如图4中所示，本发明还提供了一种内窥镜，所述内窥镜包括插入管43和手柄45，插入管43的插入端与实施例1或者实施例2中所述的内窥镜先端部41相连接，插入管43的非插入端与手柄45相连接。
具体地，插入管43内设置有可控弯曲的弯曲部42，弯曲部42与设置于手柄45上的操作部(图4中未示出)相连接，所述操作部用于控制或改变插入管43可进入人体内的部分的弯曲大小及弯曲方向，便于对人体内的欲观察器官进行观察。
在此，插入管43内还设置有多根水管44，水管44分别与内窥镜先端部41的前端部中的进水孔和出水孔相连接。同时，插入管43内还设置有器械通道管(图4中未示出)，所述器械通道管与内窥镜先端部41的前端部中的器械通道孔相连接。
在此，如图3中所述，所述内窥镜的内窥镜先端部41可只设置有一个既作为进水孔使用、又作为出水孔使用、同时还作为器械通道孔使用的通孔，相应的，插入管43内也可以只设置一根水管44，来与所述通孔连接，以供进水、出水和器械通过使用。
本发明公开的内窥镜先端部，通过在先端部主体的侧壁设置一个与镜头孔相对的调焦孔来调整镜头在镜头孔内的轴向位置，从而调整镜头与感光芯片之间的距离，使得成像质量达到最佳，减少了调焦装置所需的构件，降低了内窥镜生产的成本，同时因构件的减少也缩小了内窥镜的体积，使用方便、调焦简单，值得广泛推广使用。
本发明公开的内窥镜调焦方法，通过将镜头和感光芯片设置于同一先端部主体，直接调节镜头相对于感光芯片的距离，来达到规定的成像质量，调焦方法简单、易操作，值得广泛推广使用。
综上所述，本发明提供的上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种内窥镜先端部，包括先端部主体和镜头，所述先端部主体的前端部设置有用于放置所述镜头的镜头孔，其特征在于，所述先端部主体的侧壁设置有调焦孔，所述调焦孔与所述镜头孔相通，用于调整所述镜头在所述镜头孔内的轴向位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述调焦孔位于所述镜头孔的轴向的孔的中间位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述先端部主体内位于所述镜头孔下方、与所述镜头孔相对并相通的位置处设置有感光芯片。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述先端部主体的前端部、镜头孔外的位置设置有LED光源。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述先端部主体的侧壁设置LED光源。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述LED光源通过焊接或FPC方式设置于所述先端部主体的前端部。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述LED光源通过焊接或FPC方式设置于所述先端部主体的侧壁。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述先端部主体的前端部设置有进水孔和/或出水孔。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述先端部主体的前端部设置有器械通道孔。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的内窥镜先端部，其特征在于，所述先端部主 体由金属材料或塑胶材料制成。
  11. 一种内窥镜调焦方法，其特征在于，所述内窥镜调焦方法包括：
    步骤a，将镜头与感光芯放置于同一先端部主体中；
    步骤b，在安装所述镜头的所述先端部主体的内边面涂抹固化胶；
    步骤c，在所述固化胶的胶体未干之前调节所述镜头相对于所述感光芯片的距离；
    步骤d，当所述距离达到规定的成像质量时，停止所述调节；
    步骤e，等待所述固化胶的胶体干燥，所述镜头被固定。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的内窥镜调焦方法，其特征在于，包括步骤f，当所述镜头固定后，密封所述调焦孔。
  13. 一种内窥镜，包括插入管和手柄，其特征在于，所述插入管的插入端与如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的内窥镜先端部相连接，所述插入管的非插入端与所述手柄相连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的内窥镜，其特征在于，所述插入管内设置有可控弯曲的弯曲部，所述弯曲部与设置于所述手柄上的操作部相连接，所述操作部用于控制或改变所述插入管可进入人体内的部分的弯曲大小和弯曲方向。
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