WO2018058852A1 - 微型发声器 - Google Patents
微型发声器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018058852A1 WO2018058852A1 PCT/CN2017/070155 CN2017070155W WO2018058852A1 WO 2018058852 A1 WO2018058852 A1 WO 2018058852A1 CN 2017070155 W CN2017070155 W CN 2017070155W WO 2018058852 A1 WO2018058852 A1 WO 2018058852A1
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- magnetic
- edge
- magnet
- end surface
- leakage preventing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic products, in particular to a miniature sound generator.
- Micro-speakers are important acoustic components of portable electronic devices used to convert electrical and acoustic signals. They are energy conversion devices.
- the existing micro sounder includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system.
- the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke. The central position of the yoke is sequentially fixed with an inner magnet and an inner magnetic conductive plate forming a central magnetic circuit, and the edge positions of the yoke are sequentially fixed.
- the side magnet and the side magnetic conductive plate forming the outer magnetic circuit are provided with a magnetic gap between the central magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit, and the voice coil of the vibration system is located in the magnetic gap.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a micro-sounding device which has less magnetic leakage on the side and does not interfere with other components of the portable electronic device, and can improve the overall performance of the portable electronic device.
- the technical solution of the present invention is:
- a micro-speaker includes a casing, wherein the casing houses a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system, the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke, and an edge magnet and an edge magnetic plate are sequentially fixed at an edge position of the yoke.
- the magnetic circuit system is provided with a magnetic leakage preventing member at a position close to the side magnet, and the magnetic leakage preventing member is made of a magnetic conductive material, and the upper end surface of the magnetic leakage preventing member does not exceed the side magnetic conductive plate. The lower end surface of the magnetic leakage preventing member does not exceed the lower end surface of the yoke.
- the magnetic leakage preventing member is attached to the side magnet, or the magnetic leakage preventing member is molded into the outer casing, and a side close to the side magnet is exposed to the outer casing and is opposite to the side Magnet sticker by.
- the height of the magnetic leakage preventing member is equal to the height of the side magnet, and the two are vertically aligned.
- the outer edge of the side magnet is flush with the outer side edges of the side magnetic conductive plate and the yoke.
- the outer edge of the side magnet protrudes from the side magnetic conductive plate and the outer edge of the yoke.
- the magnetic circuit system is an outer magnetic circuit structure, and the magnetic circuit system further includes an inner magnet and an inner magnetic conductive plate disposed at a central position of the yoke; or the magnetic circuit system is an external magnetic circuit And the magnetic circuit system further includes a magnetically permeable column disposed separately or integrally disposed at a center position of the yoke.
- the micro-speaker further includes a front cover coupled to an upper end of the outer casing, the front cover has a side wall, and an inner side of the lower end surface of the side wall is recessed to form a mounting groove, and an edge portion of the vibration system is accommodated An upper surface of the edge portion of the vibration system is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and an outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall and a lower surface of the edge portion of the vibration system are fixed together in the On the outer casing.
- outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall is substantially in the same plane as the lower surface of the edge portion of the vibration system, between the upper surface of the edge portion of the vibration system and the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and the side wall
- the outer side of the lower end surface and the lower surface of the edge portion of the vibration system and the outer casing are bonded and fixed by a glue layer.
- the vibration system includes a diaphragm, and a lower side of the diaphragm edge is fixed with a backing ring, and an edge portion of the vibration system includes an edge of the diaphragm and the backing ring.
- the surface height of the portion of the yoke on which the side magnet is fixed is lower than the surface height of the other portion.
- the upper surface of the edge magnetic conducting plate is provided with a first stepped structure
- the surface height at the outer side is lower than the surface height at the inner side
- the outer casing is provided with a second surface adapted to the first stepped structure Step structure.
- the magnetic leakage preventing member changes the magnetic field line distribution on the side of the side magnet, and corrects the magnetic field line on the side of the side magnet, such as As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the magnetic flux leakage on the side of the magnetic circuit system is greatly reduced, so that It can interfere with other components in the portable electronic device, ensure the normal operation of these components, and improve the overall performance of the portable electronic device.
- the front cover has a side wall
- the inner side of the lower end surface of the side wall is recessed to form a mounting groove
- the edge portion of the vibration system is accommodated in the mounting groove and the upper surface thereof is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting groove, the outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall and the vibration system
- the lower surface of the edge portion is commonly fixed to the outer casing.
- the sealing between the outer side of the side wall and the outer casing can effectively prevent water from entering the inner cavity of the electronic device, thereby eliminating the need for Increasing the width of the edge portion of the diaphragm can achieve the waterproof performance well, ensuring the vibration area of the micro-sounder, and thus the micro-sounder of the present invention has better While water has a high performance and also acoustic performance.
- the edge of the diaphragm and the backing ring are simultaneously fixed in the mounting groove.
- the backing ring supports the edge of the diaphragm, making the edge of the diaphragm more flat, even if the edge of the smooth groove diaphragm with the voice coil lead on the upper end surface of the outer casing does not deform, thus ensuring the diaphragm
- the tightness of the adhesion between the edge of the mounting groove and the bottom surface of the mounting groove is not caused by the unevenness of the edge of the diaphragm, and the gap is not tight, which further improves the waterproof performance of the micro-sounder.
- the boss structure can limit the edge magnet and can Preventing the edge magnet from shifting inward under the action of the magnetic field force, ensuring that the structure of the magnetic circuit system is not changed due to long-term operation, thereby ensuring that the acoustic performance of the micro sounder is not changed, and the reliability of the micro sounder is improved. And stability.
- the outer step is provided with a second stepped structure adapted to the first stepped structure.
- the arrangement of the first step structure and the second step structure increases the contact area between the side magnetic plate and the outer casing, thereby increasing the bonding strength between the two, reducing the risk of the magnetic circuit system falling off the outer casing, and improving the risk.
- the reliability of the micro-speaker extends the micro-speaker Service life.
- the micro-speaker of the present invention solves the technical problem of serious magnetic leakage on the side of the micro-sounder in the prior art, and the micro-sounder of the present invention has small leakage magnetic flux and does not interfere with other components of the portable electronic device. At the same time, it has good waterproof performance, high reliability and long service life.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a microphone according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the first embodiment of the micro-sounder of the present invention after removing the front cover and the diaphragm;
- Figure 3 is a side view showing the structure of the microphone according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the first embodiment of the micro-sounder of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the second embodiment of the micro-sounder of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a simulation diagram of magnetic field line distribution of a micro-speaker in the prior art
- Figure 7 is a simulation diagram of magnetic field line distribution of the micro-speaker of the present invention.
- the inner finger referred to in this specification refers to the side close to the center of the micro-speaker, and the outer side refers to the side away from the center of the micro-speaker; the azimuth refers to the orientation of the vibration system, and the azimuth refers to the magnetic circuit system. Orientation.
- Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- a micro-sounding device includes a casing 10 and a front cover 20 coupled to an upper end of the casing 10, and a space surrounded by the casing 10 and the front cover 20 houses a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system.
- the magnetic circuit system is fixed to the inner side of the outer casing 10, and an edge portion of the vibration system is fixed between the upper end surface of the outer casing 10 and the lower end surface of the front cover 20.
- the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke 40, and the yoke 40 has a plate-like structure.
- the inner position of the yoke 40 is sequentially fixed with an inner magnet 42 and an inner magnetic conductive plate 44, and the edge of the yoke 40 is fixed with a side magnetic field.
- Iron 46a and side magnetic plate 48 are fixed with a side magnetic field.
- the inner magnet 42 and the inner magnetic conductive plate 44 constitute an internal magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit system
- the side magnet 46a and the side magnetic conductive plate 48 constitute an external magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit system, and a magnetic gap is provided between the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit.
- the outer edge of the side magnet 46a is flush with the outer edge of the side magnetic conducting plate 48 and the yoke 40.
- the "flush" described in this embodiment includes the case of being completely in a straight line in a theoretical case, and additionally includes There are cases where the components have tolerances or have small misalignments due to insufficient assembly accuracy.
- the present invention is provided with a magnetic leakage preventing member 50 at a position close to the side magnet 46a on the outer side of the magnetic circuit system, and the magnetic leakage preventing member 50 is made of a magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic leakage preventing member 50 is formed.
- the upper end surface does not exceed the upper end surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 48, and the lower end surface of the leakage preventing magnetic member 50 does not exceed the lower end surface of the yoke 40 downward.
- the material of the magnetic flux leakage prevention member 50 is one of iron, low carbon steel, or iron-based alloy, and the magnetic field distribution on the side portion of the magnetic circuit system can be changed to reduce the side leakage magnetic flux, see FIGS. 6 and 7.
- the magnetic leakage preventing member 50 may be attached to the side wall of the side magnet 46a by a process such as gluing, and then assembled with other components.
- the magnetic leakage preventing member 50 is first molded into the outer casing, and the side close to the side magnet 46a is exposed to the outer casing and abuts against the side magnet 46a.
- the "contact" described in this embodiment includes the case where the leakage preventing magnetic member 50 is in face-to-face contact with the side magnet 46a, and additionally includes a case where a small gap is caused due to the reserved assembly gap or due to insufficient assembly precision or the like.
- the side magnets 46a may be disposed in the height direction of the outer side of the magnetic circuit system, for example, the upper end surface of the magnetic flux leakage preventing member 50 is substantially flush with the upper end surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 48, and the lower end surface and the yoke 40 are provided. The end surface is substantially flush; or the upper end surface of the magnetic leakage preventing member 50 is substantially flush with the lower end surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 48, and the lower end surface is substantially flush with the lower end surface of the yoke 40; or the height and the side of the leakage preventing member 50
- the magnets 46a have the same height and are flush with each other. Further, the height of the leakage preventing member 50 is slightly smaller than that of the side magnets 46a, and the leakage preventing members 50 are located in the upper and lower end faces of the side magnets 46a.
- a preferred embodiment is that the height of the magnetic leakage preventing member 50 is equal to the height of the side magnet 46a, and the two are flushed up and down, and the "simple" description described here is the same.
- the case includes the case of being completely in a straight line in the theoretical case, and also includes the case of having a small misalignment due to the tolerance of each component or due to insufficient assembly precision, etc., "equal” also includes the fact that it is completely equal, and There are cases where the tolerances, machining errors, and the like are approximately equal.
- the front cover 20 has a side wall 24, and the inner side of the lower end surface of the side wall 24 is recessed into a mounting groove, the edge portion of the vibration system is accommodated in the mounting groove, and the upper surface of the edge portion is fixed to the mounting groove.
- the outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall 24 and the lower surface of the edge portion of the vibration system are fixed to the outer casing 10, wherein the outer surface of the edge portion of the vibration system and the bottom surface of the mounting groove and the outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall 24 And the lower surface of the edge portion of the vibration system and the outer casing 10 are bonded and fixed by a glue layer.
- Such a structure of the lower end surface of the front cover 20 can effectively improve the waterproof performance of the micro sounder.
- the vibration system includes a diaphragm 30, and a diaphragm 32 is fixed in a middle portion of the diaphragm 30.
- the diaphragm 32 is fixed on the lower side of the middle portion of the diaphragm 30, and the edge of the diaphragm 32 is fixed with sound.
- Loop 34, the end of voice coil 34 is located within the magnetic gap. The voice coil 34 moves according to the cutting magnetic field lines reciprocating in the magnetic gap through the acoustic electric signals in the windings, thereby driving the diaphragm 30 and the vibrating plate 32 to vibrate up and down, and institing the air to sound, thereby realizing energy conversion between the electric sounds.
- the middle portion of the front cover 20 is injection-molded with a steel sheet 22, and the steel sheet 22 is provided with an acoustic hole 220.
- the diaphragm 30 and the vibrating plate 32 urge the sound emitted by the air to radiate outward from the sound hole 220.
- the voice coil lead 340 is in line with the upper end of the outer casing 10, and in order to avoid scalding the adhesive tape on the outer casing 10 during spot welding of the voice coil lead 340, the outer casing is A smooth groove 14 is provided at a position corresponding to the voice coil lead 340 on the upper end surface of the 10, and a backing ring 36 is fixed under the edge portion of the diaphragm 30 for the anti-vibration film 30 to be deformed downward at the line groove 14.
- the ring 36 is a metal ring.
- the back ring 36 is preferably a copper ring.
- the edge portion of the vibration system includes the edge of the diaphragm 30 and the backing ring 36.
- the edge of the diaphragm 30 and the backing ring 36 are received together in the mounting groove, wherein the upper surface of the edge of the diaphragm 30 is adhered to the bottom surface of the mounting groove.
- the lower surface of the backing ring 36 and the outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall 24 are substantially in the same plane, that is, the lower surface of the edge portion of the vibration system is substantially in the same plane as the outer side of the lower end surface of the side wall 24, and the lower surface and the side of the backing ring 36
- the outer side of the lower end surface of the wall 24 is bonded to the upper end surface of the outer casing 10, and the outer side surface of the backing ring 36 is fitted to the side surface of the mounting groove, which can further improve the waterproof performance of the micro sounder.
- the surface height of the portion of the yoke 40 where the side magnets 46a are fixed is lower than the surface height of the other portions, that is, the middle portion of the yoke 40 forms a boss structure, and the boss structure acts on the side magnet 46a.
- the limit action prevents the side magnet 46a from being deflected inward by the magnetic field force.
- the upper surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 48 is provided with a first stepped structure 480 whose surface height on the outer side is lower than the surface height on the inner side.
- the upper end of the outer casing 10 extends inwardly along the upper surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 48 and conforms to the upper surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 48, thereby forming a second stepped structure 12 adapted to the first stepped structure 480.
- the bonding strength between the side magnetic conducting plate 48 and the outer casing 10 can be effectively enhanced to prevent the magnetic circuit system from falling off the outer casing 10.
- Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- the embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the difference is:
- the outer edge of the side magnet 46b protrudes from the outer edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 48 and the yoke 40, that is, protrudes toward the outer casing 10.
- the side magnet 46b has a larger volume, which can raise the BL of the micro sounder.
- the electromechanical coupling factor is determined by the magnetic flux density of the magnetic gap and the effective length of the voice coil winding, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the microspeaker while reducing interference with other components of the portable electronic device.
- the technical solution of the present invention is exemplified by taking the micro-speaker of the above structure as an example.
- the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the micro-speaker of the above structure, and can be applied to any one of them.
- the magnetic circuit system may also be an external magnetic circuit structure, and no central magnet is disposed at the center of the yoke, but a magnetic pole and a side guide are integrally provided or integrally provided.
- the magnetic plate forms a magnetic gap.
- the names of the first step structure and the second step structure referred to in this specification are only for distinguishing technical features, and do not represent positional relationship between the two, assembly order, and the like.
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- Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种微型发声器，涉及电声产品技术领域，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，所述磁路系统包括磁轭，所述磁轭的边缘位置依次固定有边磁铁和边导磁板，所述边磁铁的外侧设有防漏磁部件，所述防漏磁部件的材质为导磁材料。本发明微型发声器解决了现有技术中微型发声器侧面漏磁严重的技术问题，本发明微型发声器侧面漏磁量小，不会对便携式电子设备的其它部件产生干扰，同时防水性能好，可靠性高，使用寿命长。
Description
本发明涉及电声产品技术领域，特别涉及一种微型发声器。
微型发声器是便携式电子设备的重要声学部件，用于完成电信号与声音信号之间的转换，是一种能量转换器件。现有的微型发声器包括振动系统和磁路系统，磁路系统包括磁轭，磁轭的中心位置依次固定有形成中心磁路的内磁铁和内导磁板，磁轭的边缘位置依次固定有形成外磁路的边磁铁和边导磁板，中心磁路与外磁路之间设有磁间隙，振动系统的音圈位于磁间隙内。由于此种结构的微型发声器的边磁铁的外侧直接就是微型发声器的外壳，因而导致侧部漏磁严重，如图6所示，进而对便携式电子设备的其它部件产生干扰，影响了这些部件的正常工作，如手机中的相机将无法实现对焦等，严重的降低了便携式电子设备的整体性能。
发明内容
针对以上缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种微型发声器，此微型发声器的侧面漏磁少，不会对便携式电子设备的其它部件产生干扰，能够提升便携式电子设备的整体性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种微型发声器，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，所述磁路系统包括磁轭，所述磁轭的边缘位置依次固定有边磁铁和边导磁板，在所述磁路系统的外侧靠近边磁铁的位置设有防漏磁部件，所述防漏磁部件的材质为导磁材料，所述防漏磁部件的上端面向上不超过所述边导磁板的上端面，所述防漏磁部件的下端面向下不超过所述磁轭的下端面。
其中，所述防漏磁部件贴合在所述边磁铁上，或者所述防漏磁部件注塑于所述外壳内，且靠近所述边磁铁的一侧露出于所述外壳且与所述边磁铁贴
靠。
其中，所述防漏磁部件的高度与所述边磁铁的高度相等，两者上下对齐。
作为一种实施方式，所述边磁铁的外侧边缘与所述边导磁板及所述磁轭的外侧边缘齐平。
作为另一种实施方式，所述边磁铁的外侧边缘突出于所述边导磁板及所述磁轭的外侧边缘。
其中，所述磁路系统为外磁路结构，并且所述磁路系统还包括设置在所述磁轭的中心位置的内磁铁和内导磁板；或者，所述磁路系统为外磁路结构，并且所述磁路系统还包括分体设置或一体设置在所述磁轭中心位置的导磁柱。
其中，所述微型发声器还包括结合在所述外壳上端的前盖，所述前盖具有侧壁，所述侧壁下端面的内侧凹陷以形成安装槽，所述振动系统的边缘部容置于所述安装槽内且所述振动系统的边缘部的上表面固定在所述安装槽的底面上，所述侧壁下端面的外侧和所述振动系统边缘部的下表面共同固定在所述外壳上。
其中，所述侧壁下端面的外侧与所述振动系统边缘部的下表面基本位于同一平面，所述振动系统的边缘部的上表面与所述安装槽的底面之间、所述侧壁的下端面的外侧和所述振动系统的边缘部的下表面与所述外壳之间均通过胶层粘接固定。
其中，所述振动系统包括振膜，所述振膜边缘的下侧固定有垫环，所述振动系统的边缘部包括所述振膜的边缘及所述垫环。
其中，所述磁轭上固定有所述边磁铁的部位的表面高度低于其它部位的表面高度。
其中，所述边导磁板的上表面设有第一阶梯结构，位于外侧的表面高度低于位于内侧的表面高度，所述外壳上设有与所述第一阶梯结构相适配的第二阶梯结构。
采用了上述技术方案后，本发明的有益效果是：
由于本发明微型发声器的边磁铁外侧设有由导磁材料制成的防漏磁部件，防漏磁部件改变了边磁铁侧部的磁力线分布，对边磁铁侧部的磁力线进行了矫正，如图6和图7所示，大大的减少了磁路系统侧面的漏磁，从而不
会对便携式电子设备内的其它部件产生干扰，保证了这些部件的正常工作，提升了便携式电子设备的整体性能。
由于前盖具有侧壁，侧壁下端面的内侧凹陷形成安装槽，振动系统的边缘部容置于安装槽内且其上表面固定在安装槽的底面上，侧壁下端面的外侧和振动系统边缘部的下表面共同固定在外壳上。当便携式电子设备外界的水从前盖的出声孔处进入到振动系统上侧的空间时，在常规结构的微型发声器中，当振动系统的边缘部的上表面与前盖之间粘接不严密时，水就会从振动系统的边缘与前盖之间的缝隙处进入到便携式电子设备的内部空间，有可能会造成电子设备内的电路短路，而本发明中前盖侧壁的外侧起到了阻挡作用，同时侧壁下端面的外侧和振动系统边缘部的下表面共同固定在外壳上，加大了与外壳的粘接面积，增加了粘接的牢固性与严密性，形成了二道屏障，即便振动系统的边缘部的上表面与安装槽的底面之间粘接不严密，通过侧壁外侧与外壳之间的密封能够有效的防止了水进入到电子设备内腔中，从而不需要增加振膜边缘部位的宽度即能够很好的实现防水的性能，保证了微型发声器的振动面积，进而本发明微型发声器在具有较好的防水性能的同时还具有较高的声学性能。
由于振膜边缘的下侧固定有垫环，振膜的边缘及垫环同时固定在安装槽内。垫环对振膜的边缘起到了支撑作用，使得振膜的边缘更加平整，即便外壳的上端面上开设有音圈引线的顺线槽振膜的边缘也不会发生变形，从而保证了振膜的边缘与安装槽底面之间粘接的严密性，不会因振膜边缘不平整而出现粘接不严密，出现缝隙的不良，进一步的提高了微型发声器的防水性能。
由于磁轭上固定有边磁铁的部位的表面高度低于其部位的表面高度，即其它部位向上凸出，形成了凸台结构，此凸台结构能够对边磁铁起到限位的作用，能够防止边磁铁在磁场力的作用下向内偏移，保证了磁路系统的结构不会因长期工作而改变，从而保证了微型发声器的声学性能不被改变，提高了微型发声器的可靠性和稳定性。
由于边导磁板的上表面设有第一阶梯结构，外壳上设有与第一阶梯结构相适配的第二阶梯结构。第一阶梯结构和第二阶梯结构的设置，增加了边导磁板与外壳之间的接触面积，从而增加了二者之间的结合强度，降低了磁路系统从外壳脱落的风险，提高了微型发声器的可靠性，延长了微型发声器的
使用寿命。
综上所述，本发明的微型发声器解决了现有技术中微型发声器侧面漏磁严重的技术问题，本发明微型发声器侧面漏磁量小，不会对便携式电子设备的其它部件产生干扰，同时防水性能好，可靠性高，使用寿命长。
图1是本发明微型发声器实施例一的结构示意图；
图2是本发明微型发声器实施例一去掉前盖和振膜后的俯视结构示意图；
图3是本发明微型发声器实施例一去掉前盖后的侧视结构示意图；
图4是本发明微型发声器实施例一的剖视结构示意图；
图5是本发明微型发声器实施例二的剖视结构示意图；
图6是现有技术中的微型发声器的磁力线分布仿真图；
图7是本发明微型发声器的磁力线分布仿真图；
图中：10、外壳，12、第二阶梯结构，14、顺线槽，20、前盖，22、钢片，220、出声孔，24、侧壁，30、振膜，32、振动板，34、音圈，340、音圈引线，36、垫环，40、磁轭，42、内磁铁，44、内导磁板，46a、边磁铁，46b、边磁铁，48、边导磁板，480、第一阶梯结构，50、防漏磁部件。
下面结合附图和实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
本说明书中涉及到的内侧指靠近微型发声器中心的一侧，外侧指远离微型发声器中心的一侧；涉及到的方位上指设有振动系统的方位，方位下指设有磁路系统的方位。
实施例一：
如图1和图4共同所示，一种微型发声器，包括外壳10及结合在外壳10上端的前盖20，外壳10与前盖20围成的空间内收容有振动系统和磁路系统。磁路系统固定在外壳10的内侧，振动系统的边缘部固定在外壳10的上端面与前盖20的下端面之间。
如图4所示，磁路系统包括磁轭40，磁轭40为板状结构。磁轭40的中心位置依次固定有内磁铁42和内导磁板44，磁轭40的边缘位置固定有边磁
铁46a和边导磁板48。内磁铁42和内导磁板44构成磁路系统的内磁路，边磁铁46a和边导磁板48构成磁路系统的外磁路，内磁路与外磁路之间设有磁间隙。边磁铁46a的外侧边缘与边导磁板48及磁轭40的外侧边缘齐平，本实施例中所描述的“齐平”包括理论情况下的完全在一条直线的情况，另外还包括由于各个部件存在公差、或者由于装配精度不够等导致的具有较小错位的情况。
为了防止磁路的侧部漏磁，本发明在磁路系统的外侧靠近边磁铁46a的位置设置了防漏磁部件50，防漏磁部件50由导磁材料制成，该防漏磁部件50的上端面向上不超过边导磁板48的上端面，防漏磁部件50的下端面向下不超过磁轭40的下端面。本实施方式中优选防漏磁部件50的材质为铁、低碳钢或铁系合金中的一种，能够改变磁路系统侧部的磁力线分布，减少侧面漏磁，参见图6和图7。
作为一种具体实施例，防漏磁部件50可以先通过胶粘等工艺贴合固定在边磁铁46a的侧壁上，然后完成与其他部件的装配。另外，为了降低组装难度，作为一种优选的实施方式，所述防漏磁部件50先注塑于外壳内，且靠近边磁铁46a的一侧露出于外壳且与边磁铁46a贴靠。本实施例所描述的“贴靠”包括防漏磁部件50与边磁铁46a面对面接触的情况，另外还包括由于预留装配间隙、或者由于装配精度不够等而导致的存在较小间隙的情况。
虽然边磁铁46a在磁路系统的外侧的高度方向上的设置可以有多种情况，例如防漏磁部件50的上端面与边导磁板48上端面基本齐平、下端面与磁轭40上端面基本齐平；或者防漏磁部件50的上端面与边导磁板48的下端面基本齐平、下端面与磁轭40的下端面基本齐平；或者防漏磁部件50的高度与边磁铁46a的高度相等，两者上下齐平；再或者防漏磁部件50的高度略小于边磁铁46a，防漏磁部件50位于边磁铁46a的上下端面内的情况。
但是通过仿真实验发现，虽然上述的各种情况都有降低磁漏的效果，但是发现在防漏磁部件50下端面超过磁轭40上端面继续向下的情况下，防漏磁效果虽然在提升，声学性能却在降低。而防漏磁部件50上端面超过边导磁板下端面继续向上的情况下，声学性能在提高，但是防漏磁效果却在降低。因此为了同时保证防漏磁效果和声学性能，优选的一个具体方案是防漏磁部件50的高度与边磁铁46a的高度相等，两者上下齐平，该处描述的“齐平”同
样包括理论情况下的完全在一条直线的情况，另外还包括由于各个部件存在公差、或者由于装配精度不够等导致的具有较小错位的情况，“相等”也包括理论情况下完全相等，以及由于存在公差、加工误差等导致的近似相等的情况。
如图4所示，前盖20具有侧壁24，侧壁24的下端面的内侧凹陷成安装槽，振动系统的边缘部容置在安装槽内，且边缘部的上表面固定在安装槽的底面上，侧壁24下端面的外侧和振动系统边缘部的下表面共同固定在外壳10上，其中，振动系统边缘部的上表面与安装槽的底面之间、侧壁24的下端面的外侧和振动系统的边缘部的下表面与外壳10之间均通过胶层粘接固定。前盖20的下端面的此种结构能够有效地提高微型发声器的防水性能。
如图4所示，振动系统包括振膜30，振膜30的中部固定有振动板32，本实施方式中振动板32固定在振膜30中部的下侧，振动板32的边缘部位固定有音圈34，音圈34的端部位于磁间隙内。音圈34根据通过其绕线内的声波电信号在磁间隙内做往复的切割磁力线运动，从而带动振膜30和振动板32上下振动，策动空气发声，实现电声之间的能量转换。前盖20的中部注塑结合有钢片22，钢片22上设有出声孔220，振膜30及振动板32策动空气发出的声音由出声孔220处向外辐射。
如图2、图3和图4共同所示，本实施方式中音圈引线340从外壳10的上端顺线，为了避免在音圈引线340点焊时烫伤外壳10上的涂胶带，因此在外壳10的上端面上对应音圈引线340的位置设有顺线槽14，为了防振膜30在顺线槽14处向下变形，在振膜30的边缘部位的下方固定有一垫环36，垫环36为金属环，本实施方式中优选垫环36为铜环。振动系统的边缘部包括振膜30的边缘及垫环36，振膜30的边缘及垫环36共同容置在安装槽内，其中振膜30的边缘的上表面粘接在安装槽的底面上，垫环36的下表面与侧壁24下端面的外侧基本位于同一平面，即振动系统边缘部的下表面与侧壁24的下端面的外侧基本位于同一平面，垫环36的下表面与侧壁24下端面的外侧共同粘接在外壳10的上端面上，且垫环36的外侧表面与安装槽的侧表面相贴合，能够进一步的提高微型发声器的防水性能。
如图1所示，磁轭40上固定有边磁铁46a的部位的表面高度低于其它部位的表面高度，即磁轭40的中部形成一个凸台结构，该凸台结构对边磁铁46a起到限位作用，能够防止边磁铁46a在磁场力的作用下向内偏移。
如图1所示，边导磁板48的上表面设有第一阶梯结构480，其位于外侧的表面高度低于位于内侧的表面高度。外壳10的上端沿着边导磁板48的上表面向内延伸并与边导磁板48的上表面相贴合，从而形成了与第一阶梯结构480相适配的第二阶梯结构12，能够有效的增强边导磁板48与外壳10之间的结合强度，防止磁路系统从外壳10上脱落。
实施例二：
如图2所示，本实施方式与实施例一基本相同，其不同之处在于：
边磁铁46b的外侧边缘突出于边导磁板48及磁轭40的外侧边缘，即向外壳10的方向凸出，本实施方式中边磁铁46b的体积更大，可提升微型发声器的BL(机电耦合因子，由磁间隙的磁通密度及音圈绕线的有效长度决定)，从而在减少了对便携式电子设备其它部件的干扰的同时提高了微型发声器的声学性能。
本说明书仅是以上述结构的微型发声器为例对本发明的技术方案进行举例说明，实际应用中本发明的技术方案并不仅限于上述结构的微型发声器中，其可应用于任何一种设有边磁铁的微型发声器中，例如，磁路系统还可以为外磁路结构，在磁轭的中心位置没有设置中心磁铁，而是分体设置或一体设置有导磁柱导磁柱与边导磁板形成磁间隙。本领域的技术人员根据上述实施例的阐述，不需要付出任何创造性的劳动就可以将本发明的技术方案应用到其它结构的微型发声器中，故无论微型发声器的其它结构是否与上述实施例的相同，只要是在边磁铁的外侧增加了由导磁材料制成的防漏磁部件，用以减小侧面漏磁的产品均落入本发明的保护范围内。
本说明书中涉及到的第一阶梯结构和第二阶梯结构的命名仅是为了区别技术特征，并不代表二者之间的位置关系，装配顺序等。
本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式，本领域的普通技术人员从上述构思出发，不经过创造性的劳动，所做出的种种变换，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (11)
- 微型发声器，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，所述磁路系统包括磁轭，所述磁轭的边缘位置依次固定有边磁铁和边导磁板，其特征在于，在所述磁路系统的外侧靠近所述边磁铁的位置设有防漏磁部件，所述防漏磁部件的材质为导磁材料，所述防漏磁部件的上端面向上不超过所述边导磁板的上端面，所述防漏磁部件的下端面向下不超过所述磁轭的下端面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述防漏磁部件贴合在所述边磁铁上。
- 根据权利要求1所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述防漏磁部件注塑于所述外壳内，且所述防漏磁部件的靠近所述边磁铁的一侧露出于所述外壳且与所述边磁铁贴靠。
- 根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述防漏磁部件的高度与所述边磁铁的高度相等，两者上下对齐。
- 根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述防漏磁部件的高度小于所述边磁铁的高度，且所述防漏磁部件位于所述边磁铁的上端面与下端面之间。
- 根据权利要求4所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述边磁铁的外侧边缘与所述边导磁板的外侧边缘及所述磁轭的外侧边缘齐平。
- 根据权利要求4所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述边磁铁的外侧边缘突出于所述边导磁板的外侧边缘及所述磁轭的外侧边缘。
- 根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述磁路系统为外磁路结构，并且所述磁路系统还包括设置在所述磁轭的中心位置的内磁铁和内导磁板；或者，所述磁路系统为外磁路结构，并且所述磁路系统还包括分体设置或一体设置在所述磁轭的中心位置的导磁柱。
- 根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述微型发声器还包括结合至所述外壳的上端的前盖，所述前盖具有侧壁，所述侧壁的下端面的内侧凹陷以形成安装槽，所述振动系统的边缘部容置于所 述安装槽内且所述振动系统的所述边缘部的上表面固定在所述安装槽的底面上，所述侧壁的下端面的外侧和所述振动系统的边缘部的下表面共同固定在所述外壳上。
- 根据权利要求9所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述侧壁的下端面的外侧与所述振动系统的边缘部的下表面基本位于同一平面，所述振动系统的边缘部的上表面与所述安装槽的底面之间、所述侧壁的下端面的外侧和所述振动系统的边缘部的下表面与所述外壳之间均通过胶层粘接固定。
- 根据权利要求10所述的微型发声器，其特征在于，所述振动系统包括振膜，所述振膜的边缘的下侧固定有垫环，所述振动系统的所述边缘部包括所述振膜的边缘及所述垫环。
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