WO2018055468A1 - Procédé de renforcement de chaussées en béton - Google Patents

Procédé de renforcement de chaussées en béton Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018055468A1
WO2018055468A1 PCT/IB2017/055241 IB2017055241W WO2018055468A1 WO 2018055468 A1 WO2018055468 A1 WO 2018055468A1 IB 2017055241 W IB2017055241 W IB 2017055241W WO 2018055468 A1 WO2018055468 A1 WO 2018055468A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concrete
pile
layer
rigid element
pavement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2017/055241
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Renato Canteri
Original Assignee
Nordwind S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordwind S.R.L. filed Critical Nordwind S.R.L.
Publication of WO2018055468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018055468A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
    • E01C7/14—Concrete paving
    • E01C7/147—Repairing concrete pavings, e.g. joining cracked road sections by dowels, applying a new concrete covering
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/06—Methods of making joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/14—Dowel assembly ; Design or construction of reinforcements in the area of joints

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for strengthening concrete road pavements and methods for restoring a concrete road pavement that use the strengthening method.
  • Concrete road pavements are pavements constituted of a concrete slab laid on one or more base layers of cement-bound granular material and/or granular material or directly on the subgrade if this guarantees suitable load- bearing capacity. They are widely used both in Northern Europe and in North America.
  • the function of that reinforcement is to hold closed the cracks generated by thermal variations inside the concrete slabs, therefore the reinforcement is positioned in the upper portion of the slab thickness;
  • pavements produced with continuous reinforcement having no transversal joints except for construction joints and with the presence of relatively heavy steel longitudinal reinforcement intended to hold closed the cracks formed in the slab due to hygrothermal effects (again in this case, the reinforcement is positioned in the upper portion of the slab thickness);
  • This invention was created with reference to pavements produced using unreinforced slabs, but it may also be used for the other types if necessary. Therefore, hereinafter reference will be made exclusively to pavements of the first type.
  • the joints of concrete pavements may be divided, according to their function and shape, into: contraction joints, construction joints, expansion joints or movement joints. Those of interest in the context of this invention are the contraction joints.
  • Contraction joints may be transversal and longitudinal and constitute an interruption only in the upper layer of the concrete. Contraction joints are intended to allow thermal contraction and shrinkage of the concrete, to control cracking of the slabs and to also allow expansion, up to the original length of the slab. Structurally, contraction joints constitute sections of the slab with reduced resistance: in fact they do not extend through the entire thickness of the pavement, but are cut into the concrete with a width of 2 to 4 mm and depth of around 1 /3 to 1 /4 of the thickness of the slab. The joint is completed along the rest of the thickness by means of the cracks produced due to the point of weakness created.
  • Load-sharing by the slabs across the contraction joint can be guaranteed by interlocking of the aggregates of the surfaces in contact of the slabs forming the joint or, when traffic loads are high, by load transfer devices such as smooth steel bars (dowel bars) usually having a large diameter ( ⁇ 30), 500 to 700 mm long, straddling the joint below it.
  • load transfer devices such as smooth steel bars (dowel bars) usually having a large diameter ( ⁇ 30), 500 to 700 mm long, straddling the joint below it.
  • contraction joints are used to prevent the possible effects of differential sagging leaving the slab free to rotate.
  • expansion joints extend through the entire thickness of the slab, and have a width that is variable depending on the filling material placed in the lower groove.
  • the upper groove which has a larger opening, is at least 20 mm deep.
  • These joints must allow expansion of the slabs during the hottest periods and also act as contraction joints. They are usually located at intersections with other carriageways or if there is a variation in the laying plane. Given their breadth and the total absence of interlocking actions, expansion joints are always equipped with dowel bars housed in suitable sleeves in order to allow their movements.
  • the joints are made by means of two cuts.
  • sealing of the joints guarantees the durability of the concrete, which is protected against infiltration by water, and ensures driving comfort for users, reducing rolling noise caused by tyres passing over the interruptions formed by the cuts.
  • even concrete road pavements, like all road pavements are subject to various types of damage during their working life.
  • the deterioration that may occur in concrete road pavements may be divided into the following categories:
  • the main deteriorations usually appear at the joints.
  • the sealant used to fill the joints gradually comes away from the concrete and so allows rainwater to infiltrate, washing away the earth below and consequently forming voids.
  • the presence of voids under the joints may cause first oscillations of the concrete slabs that gradually increase with the passage of each vehicle, and then the onset of cracks and breaks in the slabs.
  • the technical purpose forming the basis of this invention is to overcome the disadvantages referred to relative to concrete road pavements.
  • the technical purpose of this invention is to provide a method for strengthening concrete road pavements that allows alternatively the production of pavements that are less subject to deterioration, or the restoration of deteriorated road pavements without the need to work on their foundations.
  • the technical purpose of this invention is also to provide methods for restoring a deteriorated concrete road pavement, without the need to dismantle and reconstruct it.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first step of a strengthening method according to this invention
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of the result of the step of Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a second step of the strengthening method according to this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of the result of the step of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a third step of the strengthening method according to this invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the result of the step of Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a fourth step of the strengthening method according to this invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of the result of the step of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the result of a fifth step of the strengthening method according to this invention.
  • - Figure 10 is a schematic top view of what is visible in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic front view of what is visible in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the result of a sixth step of the strengthening method according to this invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic top view of what is visible in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic front view of what is visible in Figure 12;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a first additional step of a first method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic side view of a second additional step of the first method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic side view of the result of a third additional step of the first method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic top view of what is visible in Figure 17
  • FIG. 19 shows a first additional step of a second method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 20 shows, both together, the result of a second additional step of the second method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention, and execution of a subsequent third step;
  • FIG. 21 shows, both together, a first and a second additional step of a third method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 22 shows the result of a third additional step of the third method for restoring a pavement previously strengthened in accordance with this invention
  • - Figure 23 is a schematic rear view of a stretch of pavement strengthened and restored in accordance with this invention during its use for the circulation of vehicles on the road; and - Figure 24 is a schematic top view of a stretch of a concrete road pavement highlighting zones that are subject to strengthening work in accordance with this invention.
  • This invention can be used both for carrying out a single piece of work at a specific position of a specific contraction joint 2, and, preferably, for carrying out either a plurality of pieces of work for a single joint 2, or a plurality of pieces of work for each joint 2 of a plurality of joints 2 (more common application when restoring damaged road pavements 1 ).
  • the method comprises first the operating step of selecting a joint 2 at which the strengthening will be carried out.
  • the joint 2 is interposed between a first portion 3 and a second portion 4 of the layer of concrete 5, where the first portion 3 and the second portion 4 are those that extend at the two sides of the joint 2, delimiting it.
  • a first pile 7 is then vertically inserted in the ground 6 below the first portion 3 of the layer of concrete 5, and a second pile 8 below the second portion 4 of the layer of concrete 5.
  • those piles are inserted in the ground 6 at a distance of between 20 cm and 100 cm, preferably between 30 cm and 70 cm from a vertical plane in which the selected joint 2 lies, so that the centre to centre distance between the two piles is between 40 cm and 200 cm, and preferably between 30 cm and 70 cm.
  • a through opening 9 through the entire layer of concrete 5 is preferably made in advance.
  • the opening is made in such a way that it extends from the first portion 3 to the second portion 4 across the selected joint 2.
  • the through opening 9 is slot-shaped.
  • the through opening 9 is created by first making two holes by core drilling 10 ( Figures 1 - 2), then making two cuts 11 that tangentially connect the circular holes 12 obtained with the core drilling 10 ( Figure 4), and finally removing the piece 13 of the layer of concrete 5 delimited by the cuts 11 and by the holes from the core drilling 10 ( Figures 5 - 6).
  • Both the core drilling 10 and the two cuts 11 are carried out through the entire layer of concrete 5 and if necessary any further rigid layers below.
  • the core drilling 10 is also carried out with a diameter greater than that of the first pile 7 and of the second pile 8 to be inserted in the ground 6.
  • the cuts 11 are preferably made with a mechanical saw 25 using a circular diamond blade ( Figure 3).
  • micropiles that is to say, metal piles (which may be tubular or solid) having a diameter that is usually less than 250 mm, preferably constituted of a plurality of modules connected to each other axially (for example, by screwing).
  • the steps of inserting the first pile 7 and the second pile 8 in the ground 6 are performed by driving or rotary driving, advantageously using pressure.
  • the driving or rotary driving using pressure are carried out using a movable ballasted wagon 14 on which at least one hydraulic driving piston 15 is installed.
  • the ballasted wagon 14 is equipped with two hydraulic driving pistons 15 which are positioned in such a way as to be able to drive each pile at one end of the slot defined by the through opening 9 without having to move the wagon.
  • the two hydraulic pistons 15 can also be operated alternately, for using the entire mass of the ballasted wagon 14 as an anchor for each driving operation.
  • a ballasted wagon 14 of this type is the subject of Italian patent application No. 102016000072862 in the name of this Applicant.
  • the first pile 7 and the second pile 8 are inserted in the ground 6 in such a way that they extend in the same vertical plane perpendicular to a direction of extension of the selected joint 2, and in such a way that a first upper head 16 of the first pile 7 and a second upper head 17 of the second pile 8 are located at a height lower than a lower surface 18 of the layer of concrete 5 (preferably both at the same height).
  • the strengthening method according to this invention also comprises connecting the first upper head 16 of the first pile 7 inserted in the ground 6 to the second upper head 17 of the second pile 8 inserted in the ground 6, by means of a rigid element 19, such as a metal section bar, which extends transversally relative to the selected joint 2 (inserting it through the through opening 9 if this is present).
  • a rigid element 19 such as a metal section bar, which extends transversally relative to the selected joint 2 (inserting it through the through opening 9 if this is present).
  • the connection by means of the rigid element 19 fixes the first pile 7 and the second pile 8 to each other at least as regards possible movements along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the selected 2 joint.
  • the rigid element 19 may comprise two downward projections sized in such a way that they can be inserted in the piles.
  • the rigid element 19 may comprise lower hollow seats sized in such a way that they can house respectively the first upper head 16 and the second upper head 17.
  • this invention comprises using a rigid element 19 having a main direction of extension and a constant cross-section perpendicularly to the main direction of extension, and making the connection between the first pile 7 and the second pile 8 by positioning the rigid element 19 with its main direction of extension horizontal and lying in the vertical plane perpendicular to the direction of extension of the selected joint 2.
  • the rigid element 19 is also preferably provided with an anti-corrosion and anti-grip surface treatment (similar to that of the dowel bars). In fact, in this way, if necessary the concrete slab will be able to slide relative to the rigid element 19.
  • the rigid element 19 is connected to the first pile 7 and to the second pile 8 in such a way that it is positioned with at least a first part of it (its upper part) inside the through opening 9.
  • the lower part of the rigid element 19 is positioned with its lower surface at a height that is equal to or lower than the height of the lower surface of the concrete slab, in order to guarantee that the first pile 7 and the second pile 8 remain below that surface.
  • the rigid element 19 has an inverted T-shaped cross-section, but in other embodiments it may have other forms, for example, it could have the shape of an I, U or H.
  • the strengthening method according to this invention then comprises a step of constraining the rigid element 19 to the layer of concrete 5. This is advantageously done by filling the through opening 9 again with a mortar 20, preferably an expansive mortar for grouting, in such a way that the rigid element 19 is at least partly embedded. If the strengthening method must be applied before producing the pavement, the first pile 7 and the second pile 8 can simply be inserted in the subgrade 6 (preferably in the same ways indicated above), connected to each other using the rigid element 19, then the layer of concrete 5 created and constrained to the rigid element 19. Finally, the joints 2 must be cut in such a way that they pass above the rigid elements 19.
  • the rigid element 19 fixed to the first pile 7 and to the second pile 8 is positioned and/or constrained to the layer of concrete 5 in such a way that it constitutes an impediment to any downward movement of the layer of concrete 5.
  • this invention also relates to several methods for restoring a concrete road pavement 1 that comprises a damaged upper layer of concrete 5 and in which there are joints 2 that extend for a depth that is less than the thickness of the layer of concrete 5.
  • All of the various restoring methods that are the subject of this invention comprise first a step of strengthening the road pavement 1 using the strengthening method described above.
  • a first restoring method according to this invention usable for pavements that have only deteriorated a little, then comprises first the step of milling with a road milling machine 21 those zones of the road pavement 1 that have been affected by the strengthening (Figure 15) to make them coplanar with the rest of the pavement, and then the step of sweeping and vacuuming the pavement debris using a suitable cleaning machine 22 ( Figure 16). Finally, there is a step of cutting and sealing the joint 2 at the zones affected by the strengthening (Figure 17) in order to restore a continuity with the existing joints 2 ( Figure 18).
  • the restoring method may comprise first the step of milling the entire road pavement 1 with a road milling machine 21 ( Figure 1 9), and then the steps of:
  • an additional layer 23 of concrete for example constituted of a self-levelling cement-based mortar
  • the restoring method may comprise first the step of milling the entire road pavement 1 with a road milling machine 21 , and then proceeding directly with cutting and sealing of the joints 2 at the zones previously affected by the strengthening work ( Figure 21 ).
  • This invention brings important advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé de renforcement de chaussées en béton, la partie supérieure d'une chaussée comprenant une couche de béton (5) dans laquelle des joints (2) sont présents qui s'étendent à une profondeur qui est inférieure à l'épaisseur de la couche de béton (5), le procédé comprenant les étapes de : la sélection d'un joint (2) interposé entre une première partie (3) et une seconde partie (4) de la couche de béton (5) ; l'insertion verticale dans le sol (6) d'un premier pieu (7) en dessous de la première partie (3) de la couche de béton (5) ; l'insertion verticale dans le sol (6) d'un second pieu (8) en dessous de la seconde partie (4) de la couche de béton (5) ; la liaison d'une première tête supérieure (16) du premier pieu (7) inséré dans le sol (6) à une seconde tête supérieure (17) du second pieu (8) inséré dans le sol (6), au moyen d'un élément rigide (19) qui s'étend transversalement par rapport au joint sélectionné (2) ; et la fixation de l'élément rigide (19) dans la couche de béton (5).
PCT/IB2017/055241 2016-09-23 2017-08-31 Procédé de renforcement de chaussées en béton WO2018055468A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102016000095976A IT201600095976A1 (it) 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 Metodo per il consolidamento di pavimentazioni stradali in calcestruzzo e metodi per ripristinare una pavimentazione stradale in calcestruzzo che fanno uso del metodo di consolidamento
IT102016000095976 2016-09-23

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018055468A1 true WO2018055468A1 (fr) 2018-03-29

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PCT/IB2017/055241 WO2018055468A1 (fr) 2016-09-23 2017-08-31 Procédé de renforcement de chaussées en béton

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WO (1) WO2018055468A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116145495B (zh) * 2023-04-20 2023-07-11 山西省交通新技术发展有限公司 一种桥梁隧道路面纵向裂缝加固处置结构及其使用方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5713174A (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-02-03 Kramer; Donald R. Concrete slab dowel system and method for making same
EP1389648A1 (fr) * 2002-08-16 2004-02-18 Permaban Products Limited Dalle de béton
US20130202355A1 (en) * 2012-02-04 2013-08-08 Composite Rebar Technologies, Inc. Plural-component, composite-material highway dowel bar structure and fabrication methodology

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5713174A (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-02-03 Kramer; Donald R. Concrete slab dowel system and method for making same
EP1389648A1 (fr) * 2002-08-16 2004-02-18 Permaban Products Limited Dalle de béton
US20130202355A1 (en) * 2012-02-04 2013-08-08 Composite Rebar Technologies, Inc. Plural-component, composite-material highway dowel bar structure and fabrication methodology

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