WO2018042498A1 - 車両制御装置 - Google Patents
車両制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018042498A1 WO2018042498A1 PCT/JP2016/075233 JP2016075233W WO2018042498A1 WO 2018042498 A1 WO2018042498 A1 WO 2018042498A1 JP 2016075233 W JP2016075233 W JP 2016075233W WO 2018042498 A1 WO2018042498 A1 WO 2018042498A1
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- vehicle
- speed
- upper limit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/08—Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
- B60W30/09—Taking automatic action to avoid collision, e.g. braking and steering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/08—Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
- B60W30/095—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/08—Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
- B60W30/095—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision
- B60W30/0953—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision the prediction being responsive to vehicle dynamic parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/08—Active safety systems predicting or avoiding probable or impending collision or attempting to minimise its consequences
- B60W30/095—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision
- B60W30/0956—Predicting travel path or likelihood of collision the prediction being responsive to traffic or environmental parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/14—Adaptive cruise control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- G06V20/584—Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads of vehicle lights or traffic lights
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B60W2754/00—Output or target parameters relating to objects
- B60W2754/10—Spatial relation or speed relative to objects
- B60W2754/50—Relative longitudinal speed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle control device, and more particularly to a vehicle control device that supports safe driving of a vehicle.
- a plurality of safe driving support systems including a lane keeping assist system and an auto cruise system are mounted on a vehicle.
- automatic brake control, steering assist control, and the like are used. Therefore, a brake request signal for performing automatic brake control and a steering request signal for performing steering assist control may be issued from each system.
- a brake request signal may be issued from different systems at different timings. In such a case, priority is given to one request signal from a plurality of request signals (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- This invention was made in order to solve such a problem, and it aims at providing the vehicle control apparatus which can perform the vehicle control for safe driving assistance efficiently.
- the present invention is a vehicle control device mounted on a vehicle, detects an object outside the vehicle, and at least in a lateral region of the object with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle, A speed distribution area that regulates the distribution of the allowable upper limit value of the relative speed of the vehicle relative to the object in the traveling direction of the vehicle is set, and the relative speed of the vehicle relative to the target object is prevented from exceeding the allowable upper limit value in the speed distribution area. It is comprised so that the avoidance control to perform may be performed.
- the velocity distribution region is set at least in the lateral region of the detected object.
- an allowable upper limit value of the relative speed when the vehicle passes the object is set.
- the relative speed of the vehicle is controlled so as not to exceed the allowable upper limit set in this speed distribution region.
- the allowable upper limit value with respect to the relative speed between the object and the vehicle is limited, and control is performed by integrating a safe driving support system such as automatic brake control and steering assist control. Therefore, safe driving support can be provided by simple and efficient speed control.
- the velocity distribution region is set such that the allowable upper limit value decreases as the lateral distance from the object decreases.
- the allowable upper limit value with respect to the relative speed of the vehicle is limited according to the distance from the object, and the object is separated from the object. If the vehicle passes the object, the vehicle speed is limited so that the vehicle has a small relative speed.
- the vehicle speed and / or the steering direction is changed so that the relative speed of the vehicle in the speed distribution region does not exceed the allowable upper limit value.
- the vehicle speed itself is changed (decelerated) so that the relative speed of the vehicle does not exceed the allowable upper limit set in the speed distribution region.
- the travel route can be changed by changing the steering direction so as to pass through an area having a larger allowable upper limit value, or both the speed and the steering direction can be changed.
- the route of the vehicle is calculated based on the speed distribution region.
- the vehicle can travel on a safe route in relation to the object.
- the velocity distribution region is further set from the lateral region to the rear region so that the allowable upper limit value decreases as the lateral distance and the longitudinal distance from the object decrease. Is done.
- the above-described control rule when passing the preceding vehicle is expanded and applied.
- the upper speed limit is set.
- a safe relative speed is maintained and simple and efficient control is possible even when the vehicle is traveling behind or obliquely behind the preceding vehicle.
- the velocity distribution region is further set from the lateral region to the front region of the object so that the allowable upper limit value decreases as the lateral distance and the longitudinal distance from the object decrease. Is done.
- the allowable upper limit value of the relative speed is set by expanding and applying the above-described control rule when the vehicle passes the object even after the vehicle passes the object. Is done.
- a safe relative speed is maintained even after overtaking the preceding vehicle, and simple and efficient control is possible.
- the velocity distribution region is set such that the allowable upper limit value is zero at a position away from the object by a predetermined safety distance.
- the vehicle is configured to approach only a position away from the object by a safe distance.
- the safety distance is preferably changed according to the type of the detected object and / or the absolute speed of the vehicle.
- the safe distance between the object and the vehicle is changed depending on what the object is and what speed the vehicle is traveling at. .
- operator can be provided with a bigger relief according to a condition, and safety can be improved.
- the degree of change in the allowable upper limit value with respect to the distance from the object is changed according to the type of the detected object.
- the size of the velocity distribution region is set according to the type of the object.
- region with the breadth suitable for a target object can be set.
- the degree of change when the object is a pedestrian can be smaller than the degree of change when the object is a vehicle.
- the object includes at least one of a vehicle, a pedestrian, a bicycle, a traveling road section, an obstacle, a signal, and a traffic sign.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the passing speed control by embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the allowable upper limit of the passing speed in the horizontal position of the target object, and clearance by embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the speed distribution area
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle control system.
- a vehicle control system 100 is mounted on a vehicle 1 (see FIG. 2), and includes a vehicle control device (ECU) 10, a plurality of sensors, and a plurality of control systems.
- the plurality of sensors include an in-vehicle camera 21, a millimeter wave radar 22, a vehicle speed sensor 23, a positioning system 24, and a navigation system 25.
- the plurality of control systems include an engine control system 31, a brake control system 32, and a steering control system 33.
- the ECU10 is comprised by the computer provided with CPU, the memory which memorize
- the in-vehicle camera 21 images the surroundings of the vehicle 1 and outputs the captured image data.
- the ECU 10 specifies an object (for example, a preceding vehicle) based on the image data.
- ECU10 can pinpoint the advancing direction or front-back direction of a target object from image data.
- the millimeter wave radar 22 is a measuring device that measures the position and speed of an object, transmits radio waves (transmission waves) toward the front of the vehicle 1, and reflects reflected waves generated by reflection of the transmission waves by the object. Receive.
- the millimeter wave radar 22 measures the distance between the vehicle 1 and the object (for example, the inter-vehicle distance) and the relative speed of the object with respect to the vehicle 1 based on the transmitted wave and the received wave.
- a distance from the object and a relative speed may be measured using a laser radar, an ultrasonic sensor, or the like.
- you may comprise a position and speed measuring apparatus using a some sensor.
- the vehicle speed sensor 23 calculates the absolute speed of the vehicle 1.
- the positioning system 24 is a GPS system and / or a gyro system, and calculates the position of the vehicle 1 (current vehicle position information).
- the navigation system 25 stores map information therein and can provide the map information to the ECU 10. Based on the map information and the current vehicle position information, the ECU 10 identifies roads, traffic signals, buildings, and the like that exist around the vehicle 1 (particularly in the forward direction). Further, the ECU 10 may specify cliffs, grooves, holes and the like that are difficult to specify from the image data obtained by the in-vehicle camera 21 based on the map information.
- the map information may be stored in the ECU 10.
- the engine control system 31 is a controller that controls the engine of the vehicle 1.
- the ECU 10 When it is necessary to accelerate or decelerate the vehicle 1, the ECU 10 outputs an engine output change request signal requesting the engine control system 31 to change the engine output.
- the brake control system 32 is a controller for controlling the brake device of the vehicle 1.
- the ECU 10 When it is necessary to decelerate the vehicle 1, the ECU 10 outputs a brake request signal requesting the brake control system 32 to generate a braking force on the vehicle 1.
- the steering control system 33 is a controller that controls the steering device of the vehicle 1.
- the ECU 10 When it is necessary to change the traveling direction of the vehicle 1, the ECU 10 outputs a steering direction change request signal for requesting the steering control system 33 to change the steering direction.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view for explaining the passing speed control
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the allowable upper limit value of the passing speed and the clearance at the lateral position of the object.
- the vehicle 1 is traveling on the traveling road 2, and is trying to pass the vehicle 3 by passing another vehicle 3 parked on the roadside of the traveling road 2.
- a road for example, a preceding vehicle, a parked vehicle, or a guardrail
- the driver of the traveling vehicle is traveling in the lateral direction perpendicular to the traveling direction.
- a predetermined clearance or interval is maintained between the vehicle and the object, and the vehicle is decelerated to a speed at which the driver of the traveling vehicle feels safe.
- the pedestrian comes out from the blind spot of the target object, or the door of the parked vehicle opens, The relative speed is reduced.
- the driver of the traveling vehicle adjusts the speed (relative speed) according to the inter-vehicle distance (vertical distance) along the traveling direction. Specifically, when the inter-vehicle distance is large, the approach speed (relative speed) is maintained high, but when the inter-vehicle distance is small, the approach speed is decreased. The relative speed between the two vehicles is zero at a predetermined inter-vehicle distance. This is the same even if the preceding vehicle is a parked vehicle.
- the driver drives the vehicle to avoid danger while considering the relationship between the distance between the object and the vehicle (including the lateral distance and the longitudinal distance) and the relative speed. Yes.
- the vehicle 1 is positioned around the object (lateral area, rear area, And over the front area), a two-dimensional distribution (speed distribution area 40) that defines an allowable upper limit value for the relative speed in the traveling direction of the vehicle 1 is set.
- a two-dimensional distribution that defines an allowable upper limit value for the relative speed in the traveling direction of the vehicle 1 is set.
- an allowable upper limit value V lim of relative velocity is set at each point around the object.
- the relative speed with respect to the object is limited by the allowable upper limit value V lim in the speed distribution region 40 during operation of the driving support system.
- the velocity distribution region 40 is set such that the allowable upper limit value of the relative velocity becomes smaller as the lateral distance and the longitudinal distance from the object become smaller (closer to the object). Further, in FIG. 2, for the sake of easy understanding, an equal relative velocity line connecting points having the same allowable upper limit value is shown.
- the equal relative velocity lines a, b, c and d correspond to allowable upper limit values V lim of 0 km / h, 20 km / h, 40 km / h and 60 km / h, respectively.
- the speed distribution region 40 does not necessarily have to be set over the entire circumference of the target object, and is set at least on one side in the lateral direction of the target object on which the vehicle 1 is present (the right side region of the vehicle 3 in FIG. 2). Just do it.
- the speed distribution area 40 is also shown in an area where the vehicle 1 does not travel (outside the travel path 2), but the speed distribution area 40 may be set only on the travel path 2.
- the speed distribution region 40 with an allowable upper limit value of 60 km / h is shown. However, the speed distribution region 40 is increased to a higher relative speed in consideration of the passing with the oncoming vehicle traveling on the oncoming lane. Can be set.
- k is a gain coefficient related to the degree of change in V lim with respect to X, and is set depending on the type of the object.
- D 0 is also set depending on the type of the object.
- V lim includes a safe distance and is defined to be a quadratic function of X.
- V lim may not include a safe distance. You may define with another function (for example, linear function etc.).
- V lim in the horizontal direction of the object has been described with reference to FIG. 3, it can be set in the same manner for all radial directions including the vertical direction of the object. At that time, the coefficient k and the safety distance D 0 can be set according to the direction from the object.
- FIG. 4A, 4B, and 4C are explanatory diagrams of speed distribution areas set for guardrails, pedestrians, and traffic signals, respectively.
- FIG. 5 is an allowable upper limit of passing speed according to different types of objects.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between values and clearances, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of different types of objects and safety distances according to vehicle absolute speed.
- FIG. 4A shows a case where a guard rail 4 and a lane boundary line 5 are provided along the traveling path 2.
- These objects extend in the longitudinal direction along the travel path 2 and are considered to be formed only by the side surfaces (lateral surfaces), or small objects are continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction. Can do.
- the equal relative speed lines a to d are also set so as to extend along the travel path 2. Therefore, the vehicle 1 is allowed to travel at a high speed in the center of the travel path 2, but the speed is limited to a lower speed as the end of the travel path 2 is approached.
- FIG. 4B shows a case where the pedestrian 6 on the traveling path 2 or the pedestrian 6 on the external walking path near the traveling path 2 is going to cross the traveling path 2.
- the object parked vehicle 3
- the velocity distribution region 40 shown in FIG. 2 is formed such that a substantially elliptical equal relative velocity line extends toward the vehicle 1 along the traveling direction of the vehicle 1.
- the velocity distribution region 40 is set so as to extend toward the vehicle 1 along the traveling direction of the vehicle 1 and also to extend in the lateral direction (right direction in FIG. 4B) along the traveling direction of the object.
- FIG. 4B for example, it can be predicted that the image pedestrian 6 is moving in the right direction from the image data obtained by the in-vehicle camera 21.
- FIG. 4C shows a case where the traffic signal 7 in front of the vehicle 1 on the travel path 2 is “red”.
- equal relative speed lines a to d are set in order from the traffic signal 7 toward the vehicle 1. Therefore, the vehicle 1 gradually decelerates within the speed distribution region 40 and stops at the position of the equal relative speed line a (0 km / h).
- FIG. 5 is a graph similar to FIG. 3, but an example of a guardrail (line A2) and a pedestrian (line A3) is added in addition to the vehicle (line A1).
- the degree of change in the allowable upper limit value V lim with respect to the clearance X is set larger than in the case of the guardrail (line A2) and in the case of the vehicle (line A1).
- coefficient k coefficient of change
- the degree of change (coefficient k) of the allowable upper limit value V lim with respect to the clearance X is set smaller than in the case of a pedestrian (line A3) and in the case of a vehicle (line A1). Thereby, the safety with respect to a pedestrian can be improved more. Further, when the pedestrian is an adult, when the pedestrian is a child, or when there are a plurality of pedestrians, different gains (coefficients k) may be set.
- different safety distances D 0 may be set according to the difference in the type of object.
- the safety distance can be set to decrease in the order of pedestrians, vehicles, and guardrails.
- a larger safety distance may be set for children than adults.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the vehicle speed V ABS (absolute speed) and the safety distance D 0 when the object is a vehicle (line B1), a guardrail (line B2), and a pedestrian (line B3).
- V ABS absolute speed
- D 0 safety distance
- the safety distance is set larger when the vehicle 1 overtakes the preceding vehicle at low speed than when the vehicle 1 overtakes the preceding vehicle.
- the velocity distribution region can be set based on various parameters.
- parameters for example, the relative speed between the vehicle 1 and the object, the type of the object, the traveling direction of the vehicle 1, the moving direction and moving speed of the object, the length of the object, the absolute speed of the vehicle 1 and the like are considered. Can do. That is, the coefficient k and the safety distance D 0 can be selected based on these parameters.
- the object includes a vehicle, a pedestrian, a bicycle, a traveling road section, an obstacle, a traffic signal, a traffic sign, and the like.
- vehicles can be distinguished by automobiles, trucks, and motorcycles.
- Pedestrians can be distinguished by adults, children and groups.
- the traveling road section includes a guide rail, a road shoulder that forms a step at the end of the traveling road, a median strip, and a lane boundary line.
- Obstacles include cliffs, grooves, holes, and falling objects.
- Traffic signs include stop lines and stop signs.
- the velocity distribution regions are shown independently for each object. However, when a plurality of objects are close to each other, the plurality of velocity distribution regions overlap each other. . For this reason, in the overlapping portion, not the substantially elliptical uniform relative velocity line as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, but the smaller allowable upper limit value is prioritized and the other is excluded, or 2
- the iso-relative velocity line is set so that the two substantially elliptical shapes are smoothly connected.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the vehicle control system
- FIG. 8 is a process flow of the vehicle control device.
- the ECU 10 data acquisition unit of the vehicle 1 acquires various data from a plurality of sensors (S10). Specifically, the ECU 10 receives image data obtained by imaging the front of the vehicle 1 from the in-vehicle camera 21, receives measurement data from the millimeter wave radar 22, and receives vehicle speed data from the vehicle speed sensor 23.
- ECU10 target object detection part
- the ECU 10 calculates the position and relative speed of the detected object (parked vehicle 3, pedestrian 6) with respect to the vehicle 1 based on the measurement data.
- the position of the object includes a y-direction position (vertical distance) along the traveling direction of the vehicle 1 and an x-direction position (horizontal distance) along the lateral direction orthogonal to the traveling direction.
- the relative speed the relative speed included in the measurement data may be used as it is, or a speed component along the traveling direction may be calculated from the measurement data.
- the velocity component orthogonal to the traveling direction does not necessarily have to be calculated, but may be estimated from a plurality of measurement data and / or a plurality of image data if necessary.
- ECU10 speed distribution area setting unit sets speed distribution areas 40A and 40B for all detected objects (ie, vehicle 3 and pedestrian 6), respectively (S12). Then, the ECU 10 (route calculating unit) sets the route in which the vehicle 1 can travel and the positions on the route according to a preset mode based on all the set speed distribution regions 40A and 40B. A vehicle speed or a target speed is calculated (S13).
- the set vehicle speed is calculated so that the relative speed with respect to the object becomes a smaller allowable upper limit value V lim among the allowable upper limit values of the plurality of speed distribution regions at each point on the route, and It adjusts so that the speed change along is smooth. Then, in order for the vehicle 1 to travel on the calculated route, the ECU 10 (avoidance control execution unit) executes the following avoidance control according to a preset mode (S14).
- the vehicle 1 is configured so that the driver can select a desired driving support mode using an input device (not shown). Further, a predetermined mode may be set in the ECU 10 in advance. Further, since the processing flow of FIG. 8 is repeatedly executed every predetermined time (for example, 0.1 second), the calculated route and the set speed on this route change with time.
- Route R1 is a straight route.
- the route R1 is calculated when the straight ahead priority mode (or the shortest distance priority mode) is set.
- the path R1 crosses the equal relative velocity lines d, c, c, d of the velocity distribution region 40A and the equal relative velocity lines d, c, c, d of the velocity distribution region 40B, respectively. Therefore, when the vehicle 1 travels on the route R1, the allowable upper limit value of the relative speed in the traveling direction on the route 1 changes. Specifically, the allowable upper limit value increases after being reduced (velocity distribution region 40A), and increases after decreasing again (velocity distribution region 40B).
- the vehicle 1 moves to the parked vehicle 3 while traveling on the route R1.
- the vehicle is automatically decelerated as it approaches and is accelerated to the set speed after passing the parked vehicle 3, then decelerated as it approaches the pedestrian 6, and then accelerated again to the set speed after passing the pedestrian 6.
- the ECU 10 follows the allowable upper limit value (relative speed component along the traveling direction) below the set vehicle speed on the route R1, and suppresses exceeding the allowable upper limit value.
- An engine output change request signal and a brake request signal are output to the engine control system 31 and the brake control system 32, respectively.
- the speed of the vehicle 1 is automatically controlled by avoidance control. That is, the relative speed of the vehicle 1 is maintained at the allowable upper limit value at each point unless the driver depresses the accelerator depression amount so that the driver decelerates to a relative speed equal to or lower than the allowable upper limit value.
- the relative speed is increased until the vehicle 1 enters the equal relative speed line c (corresponding to 40 km / h). It is maintained at 40 km / h (not accelerated / decelerated).
- the route R3 is a route that passes outside the equal relative velocity line d of the velocity distribution regions 40A and 40B.
- the route R3 is calculated when a speed priority mode that is a mode setting for suppressing a decrease in vehicle speed is set.
- the allowable upper limit value on the route R3 is at least larger than the relative speed 60 km / h.
- the vehicle 1 enters the route R3 at 60 km / h absolute speed
- the ECU 10 outputs a steering direction change request signal to the steering control system 33 so as to travel on the route R3.
- the engine output change request signal and the brake request signal are not output.
- the route R3 is a route calculated when the relative speed of the vehicle 1 is 60 km / h
- the route R3 is along the outside of the equal relative velocity line d (corresponding to 60 km / h) of the speed distribution regions 40A and 40B. It is a route.
- the relative speed of the vehicle 1 is 40 km / h
- another path along the outside of the equal relative speed line c (corresponding to 40 km / h) of the speed distribution regions 40A and 40B is calculated. .
- the vehicle 1 traveling at 60 km / h changes its course by operating the steering wheel of the driver and enters the route R3, the vehicle 3 If the speed of the pedestrian 6 does not change, the vehicle 1 is not limited by the speed distribution areas 40A and 40B. Therefore, the ECU 10 does not output an engine output change request signal or a brake request signal while traveling on the route R3, so that the vehicle speed corresponding to the accelerator depression amount is maintained.
- the route R2 is a route that passes between the route R1 and the route R3.
- the route R2 is calculated when a mixed mode of straight ahead priority and speed priority (that is, a driver selection mode in which the driver determines the priority ratio of both) is set.
- a mixed mode of straight ahead priority and speed priority that is, a driver selection mode in which the driver determines the priority ratio of both
- the vehicle 1 traveling at a vehicle speed (for example, 60 km / h) corresponding to the accelerator depression amount has the vehicle speed as an upper limit, and the route R2
- the vehicle travels on the route R2 at a relative speed limited by the allowable upper limit value at each point.
- the ECU 10 executes speed control based on the engine output change request signal and the brake request signal so as to follow the relative speed of the allowable upper limit value at each point on the route R2, and the vehicle. Steering control based on a steering direction change request signal is executed so that 1 travels on route R2.
- the vehicle 1 traveling at a vehicle speed (for example, 60 km / h) corresponding to the accelerator depressing amount is determined by the driver's steering wheel operation. Can be changed to enter route R2.
- the vehicle 1 travels on the route R2 at a relative speed limited by an allowable upper limit value at each point on the route R2, with the vehicle speed corresponding to the accelerator depression amount as an upper limit.
- the ECU 10 outputs an engine output change request signal and a brake request signal so as to execute speed control similar to that described above.
- the mixed mode can be set in a plurality of stages using the ratio of vertical G to horizontal G as an evaluation function for comfort. Therefore, in each stage of the mixed mode, a route is calculated in which the ratio of vertical G to horizontal G is within a preset range.
- step S13 when the object is a traffic signal 7 (red signal), in step S13, the ECU 10 (route calculation unit) determines an equal relative speed line a (corresponding to 0 km / h). The route to stop at is calculated. Then, the ECU 10 outputs an engine output change request signal and a brake request signal so as to follow the relative speed of the allowable upper limit value on this route. As a result, the vehicle 1 decelerates as it approaches the red signal, and finally stops before the red signal.
- the ECU 10 route calculation unit
- the speed distribution region 40 is set at least in the lateral region of the detected object (parked vehicle 3, pedestrian 6, etc.).
- an allowable upper limit value of the relative speed when the vehicle 1 passes by the object is set.
- the relative speed of the vehicle 1 is controlled so as not to exceed the allowable upper limit set in the speed distribution region 40.
- the allowable upper limit value with respect to the relative speed between the object and the vehicle 1 is limited, and a safe driving support system such as automatic brake control or steering assist control is integrated. Therefore, safe driving support can be provided by simple and efficient speed control.
- the velocity distribution region 40 is set such that the allowable upper limit value decreases as the lateral distance from the object decreases.
- the permissible upper limit with respect to the relative speed of the vehicle 1 may be restrict
- a large relative speed is allowed.
- the vehicle speed is limited so that the relative speed becomes small.
- the speed and / or steering direction of the vehicle 1 is changed so that the relative speed of the vehicle 1 in the speed distribution region 40 does not exceed the allowable upper limit value.
- the avoidance control for example, it is configured to change (decelerate) the speed of the vehicle 1 as in the route R1 of FIG. 7, or it passes through an area having a larger allowable upper limit value as in the route R3.
- the travel route can be changed by changing the steering direction, or both the speed and the steering direction can be changed as in the route R2.
- the route of the vehicle 1 is calculated based on the speed distribution region 40. Therefore, the vehicle 1 can travel along a safe route in relation to the object.
- the velocity distribution area 40 is further set from the lateral area to the rear area of the object so that the allowable upper limit value decreases as the lateral distance and the longitudinal distance from the object decrease.
- the velocity distribution area 40 is further set from the lateral area to the front area of the object so that the allowable upper limit value decreases as the lateral distance and the longitudinal distance from the object decrease.
- the allowable upper limit value of the relative speed is set by expanding and applying the above-described control rule when passing by the preceding vehicle. Therefore, in this embodiment, a safe relative speed is maintained even after overtaking the preceding vehicle, and simple and efficient control is possible.
- the velocity distribution region 40 is set such that the allowable upper limit value is zero at a position away from the object by a predetermined safety distance D 0 .
- the vehicle 1 is configured so as to approach only a position away from the object by the safety distance D 0 . Therefore, in this embodiment, even if it is a case where a target object moves to the direction which approaches the vehicle 1 suddenly, the contact with the vehicle 1 and a target object can be prevented.
- the safety distance D 0 is changed according to the type of the detected object and / or the absolute speed of the vehicle 1 as shown in FIG.
- the safe distance D 0 between the object and the vehicle 1 is changed depending on what the object is and what speed the vehicle 1 is traveling at. . Therefore, in the present embodiment, the driver can be given a greater sense of security according to the situation, and safety can be enhanced.
- the degree of change in the allowable upper limit value with respect to the distance from the object is changed according to the type of the detected object.
- region 40 will be set according to the kind of target object. Therefore, in this embodiment, the velocity distribution region 40 having a size suitable for the object can be set.
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Abstract
Description
このように構成された本発明によれば、対象物からの距離に応じて車両の相対速度に対する許容上限値が制限されるように構成されており、車両が対象物から離れた状態で対象物とすれ違う場合には、大きな相対速度が許容されるが、車両が対象物と接近した状態で対象物とすれ違う場合には、小さな相対速度となるように車両速度が制限される。
このように構成された本発明によれば、車両の相対速度が、速度分布領域に設定された許容上限値を超えないようにするため、車両の速度自体を変更(減速)するように構成するか、より大きな許容上限値を有するエリアを通過するように操舵方向の変更により走行経路を変更するように構成するか、速度と操舵方向の両方を変更するように構成することができる。
このように構成された本発明によれば、対象物との関係において、安全な経路で車両を走行させることができる。
このように構成された本発明によれば、車両が対象物の後方や対象物の斜め後方を走行中においても、先行車とすれ違う場合の上述の制御規則を拡張して適用することにより、相対速度の許容上限値が設定される。これにより、本発明では、先行車の後方や斜め後方を車両が走行中においても、安全な相対速度が保持されると共に、簡易且つ効率的な制御が可能である。
このように構成された本発明によれば、車両が対象物とすれ違った後においても、先行車とすれ違う場合の上述の制御規則を拡張して適用することにより、相対速度の許容上限値が設定される。これにより、本発明では、先行車を追い抜いた後においても、安全な相対速度が保持されると共に、簡易且つ効率的な制御が可能である。
このように構成された本発明によれば、車両は対象物に対して安全距離だけ離れた位置までしか近づけないように構成されている。これにより、本発明では、対象物が急に車両へ接近する方向に移動した場合であっても、車両と対象物との接触を防止することができる。
このように構成された本発明によれば、対象物と車両との間の安全距離は、どのような対象物であるか、車両がどのような速度で走行中であるかによって、変更される。これにより、本発明では、運転者に、状況に応じて、より大きな安心感を与えられると共に、安全性を高めることができる。
このように構成された本発明によれば、対象物の種類に応じて、速度分布領域の大きさが設定されることになる。これにより、本発明では、対象物に適した広がりを持つ速度分布領域を設定することができる。具体的には、対象物が歩行者の場合の変化度合いは、対象物が車両の場合の変化度合いよりも小さくすることができる。
測位システム24は、GPSシステム及び/又はジャイロシステムであり、車両1の位置(現在車両位置情報)を算出する。
ナビゲーションシステム25は、内部に地図情報を格納しており、ECU10へ地図情報を提供することができる。ECU10は、地図情報及び現在車両位置情報に基づいて、車両1の周囲(特に、進行方向前方)に存在する道路、交通信号、建造物等を特定する。また、ECU10は、車載カメラ21による画像データからは特定しにくい崖,溝,穴等を、地図情報に基づいて特定してもよい。地図情報は、ECU10内に格納されていてもよい。
図2では、車両1は走行路2上を走行しており、走行路2の道路脇に駐車された別の車両3とすれ違って、車両3を追い抜こうとしている。
図7に示すように、車両1が走行路上を走行しているとき、車両1のECU10(データ取得部)は、複数のセンサから種々のデータを取得する(S10)。具体的には、ECU10は、車載カメラ21から車両1の前方を撮像した画像データを受け取り、ミリ波レーダ22から測定データを受け取り、車速センサ23から車速データを受け取る。
混合モードに加え、自動操舵モードが選択されていた場合には、アクセルの踏み込み量に応じた車速(例えば、60km/h)で走行していた車両1は、この車速を上限として、経路R2の各地点における許容上限値によって制限された相対速度で経路R2上を走行する。このような回避制御を実行するため、ECU10は、経路R2上の各地点における許容上限値の相対速度に追従するように、エンジン出力変更要求信号,ブレーキ要求信号による速度制御を実行すると共に、車両1が経路R2を走行するように、操舵方向変更要求信号による操舵制御を実行する。
本実施形態では、少なくとも検知された対象物(駐車車両3、歩行者6等)の横方向領域に速度分布領域40が設定される。この速度分布領域40には、車両1が対象物とすれ違うときの相対速度の許容上限値が設定される。そして、本実施形態では、車両1の相対速度が、この速度分布領域40に設定された許容上限値を超えないように、制御される。このように、本実施形態では、対象物と車両1の間の相対速度に対する許容上限値が制限されるように構成されており、自動ブレーキ制御や操舵アシスト制御等の安全運転支援システムを統合して制御できるので、簡易且つ効率的な速度制御により安全運転支援を提供することができる。
2 走行路
4 ガードレール
5 車線境界線
6 歩行者
7 交通信号
21 車載カメラ
22 ミリ波レーダ
23 車速センサ
24 測位システム
25 ナビゲーションシステム
31 エンジン制御システム
32 ブレーキ制御システム
33 ステアリング制御システム
40、40A、40B 速度分布領域
100 車両制御システム
a,b,c,d 等相対速度線
D0 安全距離
X クリアランス
R1、R2、R3 経路
Claims (11)
- 車両に搭載される車両制御装置であって、
前記車両の外部にある対象物を検知し、
前記車両の進行方向に対する少なくとも前記対象物の横方向領域に、前記車両の進行方向における前記対象物に対する前記車両の相対速度の許容上限値の分布を規定する速度分布領域を設定し、
前記速度分布領域内において前記対象物に対する前記車両の相対速度が前記許容上限値を超えることを抑制する回避制御を実行するように構成されている、車両制御装置。 - 前記速度分布領域は、前記対象物からの横方向距離が小さいほど前記許容上限値が低下するように設定される、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記回避制御において、前記速度分布領域内における前記車両の相対速度が前記許容上限値を超えないように前記車両の速度及び/又は操舵方向が変更される、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記回避制御において、前記速度分布領域に基づいて前記車両の経路が算出される、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記速度分布領域は、前記対象物からの横方向距離及び縦方向距離が小さいほど前記許容上限値が低下するように、前記対象物の横方向領域から後方領域に対しても更に設定される、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記速度分布領域は、前記対象物からの横方向距離及び縦方向距離が小さいほど前記許容上限値が低下するように、前記対象物の横方向領域から前方領域に対しても更に設定される、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記速度分布領域は、前記対象物から所定の安全距離だけ離れた位置において、許容上限値がゼロとなるように設定される、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記安全距離は、検知された前記対象物の種類及び/又は前記車両の絶対速度に応じて変更される、請求項7に記載の車両制御装置。
- 検知された前記対象物の種類に応じて、前記対象物からの距離に対する前記許容上限値の変化度合いを変更する、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記対象物が歩行者の場合の前記変化度合いは、前記対象物が車両の場合の前記変化度合いよりも小さい、請求項9に記載の車両制御装置。
- 前記対象物は、車両、歩行者、自転車、走行路区画物、障害物、交通信号、交通標識の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2018042498A1 (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
EP3418150A4 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
EP3418150A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
CN108290577B (zh) | 2021-04-27 |
US20180370526A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
JP6656601B2 (ja) | 2020-03-04 |
US10407061B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 |
EP3418150B1 (en) | 2024-05-29 |
CN108290577A (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
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