WO2018028329A1 - 一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车 - Google Patents

一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018028329A1
WO2018028329A1 PCT/CN2017/090735 CN2017090735W WO2018028329A1 WO 2018028329 A1 WO2018028329 A1 WO 2018028329A1 CN 2017090735 W CN2017090735 W CN 2017090735W WO 2018028329 A1 WO2018028329 A1 WO 2018028329A1
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battery
management system
battery packs
packs
battery management
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PCT/CN2017/090735
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English (en)
French (fr)
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税华
沈方
陈杰
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上海鼎研智能科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018028329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028329A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle having a plurality of independent battery packs.
  • Electric vehicles are getting more and more people's attention. Among them, the cruising range of electric vehicles and after-sales maintenance have always been the most concerned issues for consumers. Currently, electric vehicles have limited battery power. Most electric vehicles use a single battery to be arranged in a group and then cascaded to form a whole to provide power output for the whole vehicle. By increasing the number of single batteries, a certain cruising range is achieved.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an electric vehicle with a plurality of independent battery packs, which can easily and efficiently realize the disassembly and maintenance of the power source while ensuring the cruising range.
  • An electric vehicle having a plurality of independent battery packs including at least one battery pack, a vehicle controller, and a main body provided by an embodiment of the present invention a battery management system, the battery packs are connected in parallel, and are always connected to the vehicle controller through a first power switch, and the total voltage of each of the battery packs is set according to a whole vehicle, and each of the battery packs includes a slave battery management system, a battery module, and a second power switch connected to the battery module, the slave battery management system controlling the second power switch;
  • the vehicle controller is communicatively coupled to the main battery management system, and the main battery management system controls the first power switch, The main battery management system and the slave battery management system a communication connection, the main battery management system controls the battery pack by the slave battery management system, the slave battery management system controls the second power switch to be closed, the master battery management system control station After the first power switch is closed, the main battery management system selects a single or any plurality of the battery packs to be charged and discharged, and the vehicle controller adjusts the vehicle output state according to the number of the battery packs and the total energy.
  • the main battery management system is capable of Controlling any one of the first of the battery packs to the last of the battery packs to be individually discharged, without the physical position and the order of communication positions.
  • the main battery management system is capable of controlling two of the battery packs or three of the battery packs or any plurality of the battery packs or all The battery packs are collectively discharged.
  • the main battery management system controls a plurality of the battery packs to perform equalization and post-discharge.
  • the main battery management system controls the battery pack to charge separately or control any plurality of the battery packs to be charged together.
  • the main battery management system may select or randomly select any number of the battery packs for operating discharge according to the state of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack and the whole vehicle are connected by a connector, which is convenient for disassembly and separate maintenance or charging.
  • An electric vehicle with multiple independent battery packs can provide power to the entire vehicle individually or collectively by using multiple battery packs connected in parallel to ensure the cruising range and at the same time Simple and efficient implementation of power supply disassembly and maintenance, and standardization of battery packs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure of an electric vehicle having a plurality of independent battery packs according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric vehicle includes a vehicle controller, a main battery management system, and at least one battery pack (labeled as battery pack 1, battery pack 2 to battery pack N in turn), and the total voltage of each battery pack is based on The required settings for the whole vehicle work are connected in parallel, and the total positive end is connected to the vehicle controller through the first power switch.
  • Each battery pack includes a slave battery management system, a battery module, and a second power switch connected to the battery module, wherein the slave battery management system controls the closing and opening of the second power switch.
  • the vehicle controller is in communication with the main battery management system, the main battery management system and the subordinate management system, and the main battery management system controls the first power switch.
  • Car power on Self-test the slave battery management system controls the second power switch to be closed, and the main battery management system controls the first power switch to be closed, and the main battery management system is controlled by the slave battery management system.
  • Select single or any number of battery packs to charge and discharge and the vehicle controller adjusts the vehicle output status according to the number of batteries connected and the total energy.
  • each battery pack is set according to the needs of the whole vehicle, connected in parallel, and can work independently or select any one or all of them to work together to drive the whole vehicle.
  • Each battery pack is connected in parallel with each other for easy disassembly, maintenance and installation.
  • a second power switch is disposed in each battery pack, and if the slave battery management system detects that the battery module is abnormal, the switch is kept off, and the power is turned off; and the first power is set at the same place.
  • the switch after the main battery management system detects that the slave battery management system is ready, closes the first power switch to provide power output for the whole vehicle, and after the vehicle controller issues a power-off command, the main battery management system first disconnects After a power switch, the second power switch is continuously turned off.
  • the invention adopts multi-level protection, and can ensure the safety of the electric vehicle in time and effectively.
  • the setting of the power switch is not limited to the positive pole, and can be set to the negative pole of the battery module.
  • the main battery management system can select any battery pack to work, or select the battery pack to determine the working battery according to the battery pack usage condition, to avoid the battery pack continuously charging and discharging, effectively protecting the battery pack and prolonging the service life.
  • the vehicle controller controls the running state of the vehicle by controlling the number of connected battery packs and the total battery energy.
  • the user can select a different number of battery packs for operational discharge.
  • the output energy is large, and the whole vehicle is characterized by quick start, fast speed and long mileage.
  • the operation when it is determined that the operation is performed by one battery pack, it may be the first battery pack or the second one, and may be any one of N battery packs, and there is no limitation on the physical position and communication position of the battery pack.
  • any two or any three or any plurality, or all of the battery packs may be selected to operate to provide power output for the entire vehicle.
  • the battery packs and the single cells are balanced to provide power output for the whole vehicle.
  • the equalization process ensures the voltage consistency of the battery pack and effectively improves the efficiency of the use of the battery cells.
  • the vehicle controller adjusts the output power of the battery pack in real time according to the number of connected battery packs and total energy, thereby avoiding system faults such as overcurrent protection or overvoltage protection of the battery pack. Occurs to improve the user experience.
  • the main battery management system can control the battery pack to be charged separately, or can control any plurality of battery packs to be charged together.
  • each battery pack is connected with the whole vehicle by a connector, which can be hot-swapped.
  • the single battery pack can be easily disassembled and then charged by household electricity to avoid the lack of defects in the charging pile.
  • An electric vehicle with multiple independent battery packs can provide power to the entire vehicle individually or collectively by using multiple battery packs connected in parallel to ensure the cruising range and at the same time Simple and efficient implementation of power supply disassembly and maintenance, and standardization of battery packs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，包括至少一个电池组、整车控制器以及主电池管理系统，每个电池组总电压依整车所需设定，能够共同工作或者独立工作来驱动整车，主电池管理系统选取单个或任意多个电池组充放电，整车控制器根据接入电池组数量及总能量调整整车输出状态。该电动汽车能够在保证续航里程的同时简单高效的实现动力电源的拆卸与维护，并实现电池组的标准化。

Description

一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车技术领域，特别涉及一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车。
背景技术
电动汽车越来越受到人们的重视，其中，电动汽车的续航里程及售后的保养维修一直是消费者最为关心的问题， 由于 目前 电动 汽车 的电池能量有限， 大部分电动汽车采用将单体电池进行排列成组后级联形成一个整体来为整车提供动力输出，通过增加单体电池数量来达到一定的续航里程。
然而，动力电源作为一个整体在后续使用过程中的维护将会是一个很大的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车保证续航里程的同时能够简单高效的实现动力电源的拆卸与维护。
本 发明 实施例所提供的一种 具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，包括至少一个电池组、整车控制器以及主 电池管理系统，所述电池组并联连接、总正通过第一动力开关连接至所述整车控制器，每个所述电池组总电压依整车所需设定，每个所述电池组包括从属电池管理系统、电池模组及与所述电池模组连接的第二动力开关，所述从属电池管理系统控制所述第二动力开关；
所述整车控制器与所述主电池管理系统通信连接，所述主电池管理系统控制所述第一动力开关， 所述主电池管理系统与所述从属电池管理系统 通信连接，所述主电池管理系统通过所述从属电池管理系统控制所述电池组，在自检正常，所述从属电池管理系统控制所述第二动力开关闭合，所述主电池管理系统控制所述第一动力开关闭合后，所述主电池管理系统选取单个或任意多个所述电池组充放电，所述整车控制器根据接入所述电池组数量及总能量调整整车输出状态。
其中 ，所述主电池管理系统能够 控制第一个所述电池组至最后一个所述电池组中任何一个单独放电，无物理位置及通讯位置的顺序限制。
其中 ，所述主电池管理系统能够控制两个所述电池组或者三个所述电池组或者任意多个所述电池组或者全部 所述电池组共同放电。
其中 ，多个所述电池组共同放电时，所述主电池管理系统控制多个所述电池组进行均衡后放电。
其中，在整车充电时，所述主电池管理系统控制所述电池组单独充电或者控制任意多个所述电池组共同充电。
其中，所述主电池管理系统 可根据所述电池组状态选取或可随意选取任意个数的所述电池组进行工作放电。
其中 ，所述电池组与整车采用接插件连接，方便 拆卸进行单独维护或充电。
本 发明 提供的 一种 具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，通过采用多个电池组并联连接的方式，能够单独或者共同为整车提供动力，保证了续航里程同时 能够 简单高效的实现动力电源的拆卸与维护，并实现电池组的标准化。
附图说明
图 1 所示为本 发明 实施例提供的一种 具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车 的 连接 结构示意图 。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本 发明 实施例 的 实施方式 进行清楚、完整地描述 。
图 1所示为 本 发明 实施例提供的一种 具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车 的 连接 结构示意图 。如图1所示，该电动汽车包括，一整车控制器，主电池管理系统及至少一个电池组（依次标记为电池组1、电池组2至电池组N），每个电池组总电压根据整车工作所需设定，并联连接，总正端通过第一动力开关连接至整车控制器。
每个电池组内包含有从属电池管理系统、电池模组及与电池模组连接的第二动力开关，其中从属电池管理系统控制第二动力开关的闭合与断开。
整车控制器与主电池管理系统、主电池管理系统与从属管理系统之间通信连接，主电池管理系统控制第一动力开关。汽车上电 自检，从属电池管理系统控制第二动力开关闭合，主电池管理系统控制第一动力开关闭合后， 主电池管理系统通过从属电池管理系统控制 选取单个或任意多个电池组充放电，整车控制器根据接入的电池个数及总能量调整整车输出状态。
其中，每个电池组总电压根据整车工作所需设定，并联连接，能够独立工作或者选择其中任意多个或者全部共同工作来驱动整车运行。 每个电池组采用相互独立的并联连接，方便拆卸、维护及安装。
在本发明实施例中，在每个电池组内设置有第二动力开关，若从属电池管理系统监测到电池模组异常则保持开关断开，拒绝上电；同时在总正处设置第一动力开关，在主电池管理系统监测到从属电池管理系统准备就绪后，闭合第一动力开关，为整车提供动力输出，而在整车控制器发出断电命令后，主电池管理系统先断开第一动力开关，后继续断开各个第二动力开关。本发明采用多级防护，能够及时有效保障电动汽车的安全。
其中，动力开关的设置并不限于正极处，可设置与电池模组负极。
主电池管理系统可以选择任意电池组来工作，也可根据电池组使用状况来选择确定工作的电池组，避免电池组持续充放电，有效保护电池组，延长使用寿命。整车控制器通过控制接入的电池组个数及电池总能量控制整车运行状态。
根据需求，包括所需速度、行驶里程、及行驶路况，用户可选择不同数目的电池组进行工作放电。 当选择接入 的电池组多时，输出能量就大， 整车则表现为启动快，速度快， 行驶里程长 。
当确定由一个电池组工作时，可以是第一个电池组或者是第二个，可以是N个电池组中的任意一个，对电池组的物理位置及通讯位置并无限制。
若确定由多个电池组工作时，可选择其中任意两个或者任意三个或任意多个，或全部电池组来工作，为整车提供动力输出。
当整车控制器控制多个电池组进行放电，电池组间、单体电池间进行均衡后共同为整车提供动力输出。该均衡过程保证了电池组的电压一致性，有效的提高了电芯的使用效率。
当增加或减少为整车提供动力的电池组数目时，整车控制器根据接入的电池组个数及总能量实时调整电池组输出功率，避免电池组过流保护或过压保护等系统故障发生，提高用户使用体验。
在整车充电时，主电池管理系统可控制电池组单独充电，也可以控制任意多个电池组共同充电。同时，每个电池组与整车采用接插件连接，可实现热插拔，单个电池组可简单拆卸后利用家庭用电进行充电，避免充电桩缺乏的尴尬。
本 发明 提供的 一种 具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，通过采用多个电池组并联连接的方式，能够单独或者共同为整车提供动力，保证了续航里程同时 能够 简单高效的实现动力电源的拆卸与维护，并实现电池组的标准化 。
上述实施例只为说明本 发明 的技术构思及特点，并不用以限制本 发明 ，凡在本 发明 的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换等，均应包含在本 发明 的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，包括至少一个电池组、整车控制器以及主电池管理系统，所述电池组并联连接、总正通过第一动力开关连接至所述整车控制器，每个所述电池组总电压依整车所需设定，每个所述电池组包括从属电池管理系统、电池模组及与所述电池模组连接的第二动力开关，所述从属电池管理系统控制所述第二动力开关；
    所述整车控制器与所述主电池管理系统通信连接，所述主电池管理系统控制所述第一动力开关，所述主电池管理系统与所述从属电池管理系统通信连接，所述主电池管理系统通过所述从属电池管理系统控制所述电池组，在自检正常，所述从属电池管理系统控制所述第二动力开关闭合，所述主电池管理系统控制所述第一动力开关闭合后，所述主电池管理系统选取单个或任意多个所述电池组充放电，所述整车控制器根据接入所述电池组数量及总能量调整整车输出状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，所述主电池管理系统能够控制第一个所述电池组至最后一个所述电池组中任何一个单独放电，无物理位置及通讯位置的顺序限制。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，所述主电池管理系统能够控制两个所述电池组或者三个所述电池组或者任意多个所述电池组或者全部所述电池组共同放电。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，多个所述电池组共同放电时，所述主电池管理系统控制多个所述电池组进行均衡后放电。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，在整车充电时，所述主电池管理系统控制所述电池组单独充电或者控制任意多个所述电池组共同充电。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，所述主电池管理系统可根据所述电池组状态选取或可随意选取任意个数的所述电池组进行工作放电。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的具有多个独立电池组的电动汽车，其特征在于，所述电池组与整车采用接插件连接，方便拆卸进行单独维护或充电。
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