WO2018015697A1 - Vitrage avec element electriquement conducteur et sa connexion electrique - Google Patents
Vitrage avec element electriquement conducteur et sa connexion electrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018015697A1 WO2018015697A1 PCT/FR2017/052026 FR2017052026W WO2018015697A1 WO 2018015697 A1 WO2018015697 A1 WO 2018015697A1 FR 2017052026 W FR2017052026 W FR 2017052026W WO 2018015697 A1 WO2018015697 A1 WO 2018015697A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glazing
- piece
- electrical connection
- conductive element
- cylindrical body
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
Definitions
- the invention relates to the electrical connection of a glazing unit comprising at least one electrically conductive element to be powered.
- the invention will be more particularly described with respect to a heated glazing, without being limited thereto. It applies to any glazing or glass substrate having at least one electrically conductive element (electrically conductive layer, electrically conductive strip, etc.) to be electrically connected for its power supply, whatever the destination of the glazing.
- electrically conductive element electrically conductive layer, electrically conductive strip, etc.
- a heating glazing unit is a glazing unit comprising electrically conductive means on one of its faces, which, when subjected to an electric current, make it possible to raise the temperature of the glazing unit.
- This type of glazing finds applications in the means of transport or even in the building, to prevent or eliminate the formation of mist or frost on the glazing, or to remove the sensation of cold wall near the glazing, or to constitute as such a heating body.
- the electrically conductive means of a heating glazing are in a known manner, for example made of metal son screen printed on the glass or of metal son integral with the plastic film for a laminated glazing, or a thin layer of oxide (s) metal (s) deposited on the glass layer which, in addition, can be low emissivity.
- the electrically conductive heating means are generally connected to a collector electrical connection strip made of metallic material of the silver paste or copper type.
- the power supply of the heating means is via an interface connector for electrically connecting the metal collector strip which is internal to the glazing, cables and / or electrical terminals external to the glazing which are reported by associating them with said connectors 'interface.
- the electrical interface connection between the conductive elements internal to the glazing and the external power supply such as at least one electrical wire, is done either by welding or by interface parts of the male and female cooperating mutually by plugging, one being associated with the conductive element of the glazing while the other is associated with the external power supply.
- the solder connection requires the minutia and time to be extremely well done.
- the glazing is laminated and that extra thicknesses are present at the sheet or sheets of plastic laminate, the risk of creation of bubbles during welding is high, may cause a beginning of delamination.
- the invention aims to provide a glazing with an electrical connection that does not have the drawbacks of the prior art, by providing a reliable and electrically reliable connection, and a method of manufacturing and implementation simple and inexpensive.
- the glazing comprises at least:
- a glass substrate comprising an electrically conductive element and a through orifice located close to the electrically conductive element, and a first electrical connection part associated with the conductive element and intended to be associated, in particular via a male-female coupling, with a second electrical connection piece, the first electrical connection part being, on the one hand, electrical contact with the electrically conductive element and, secondly, engaged in the opening of the glazing, and the first electrical connection piece comprising a flat head in intimate contact with the electrical conductive element, and a cylindrical body which is engaged in the orifice, the cylindrical body being threaded or tapped.
- the electrical connection proposed by the invention involves no welding, is easy to assemble, provides a reliable and durable contact with the conductive element, and is compact. In addition, it is removable, providing an easy disassembly if necessary, for example if the glazing must be dismounted with regard to its end use, or if electrical checks must be made at the glazing or power supply, for quickly dissociate the power cables.
- the glazing further includes the second electrical connection piece, which is attached in or around the first part by screwing, the second part having a threaded body if the body of the first part is threaded, or a threaded body if that of the first part is tapped.
- the first electrical connection piece is or not projecting beyond the orifice outside the glazing.
- the free end of said cylindrical body, opposite the flat head protrudes beyond a face of the glass substrate.
- the free end of said cylindrical body, opposite the flat head does not protrude beyond a face of the substrate. glass.
- the flat head of the first part has a thickness of the order of 0.1 mm for a plastic interlayer film 0.38 mm thick, or a thickness less than 0.5 mm, and preferably a thickness of less than 0.4 mm for a laminated glazing unit comprising two glass substrates 4 mm thick and an interlayer sheet 0.76 mm thick.
- the interlayer film may be monolayer or multilayer.
- the second electrical connection piece when the glazing unit comprises the second electrical connection part, further comprises a head (end opposite to that cooperating with the first piece) whose section is greater than the section of the cylindrical body of said second piece, so as to form an abutment intended to sandwich an electrical lug between said head of the second electrical connection piece and the body of the first electrical part and / or the glass substrate (the outer face of the glazing) .
- the glazing comprises in fact at least one electrical lug having a hole and associated with the pair formed by the two electrical connection pieces.
- the interface arrangement of the terminal is different. Two variants are thus conceivable: the cylindrical body of the first electrical connection piece protrudes out of the opening of the glazing unit and the electrical terminal is placed on the edge of the free end of the body of the first part; or
- the electrical lug has a hole and is threaded through its hole around the cylindrical body of the second connecting piece, regardless of whether the first electrical connection piece or not out of the glazing.
- the glazing further comprises at least one washer, preferably slotted to facilitate its assembly, which is sandwiched between the head of the second connecting piece and the glass substrate (the outer face of the glazing) in order to compensate for the deformation. due to the possible relaxation of the assembled parts after tightening.
- the first and second electrical connection pieces are made of brass and / or copper.
- the second electrical connection piece is screwed to the first piece by means of a torque screwdriver in order to guarantee an ad hoc pressure against the glass to prevent any breakage initiation.
- the glazing is laminated.
- the glazing further comprises at least one second glass substrate and an interlayer film sandwiched between the glass substrates to form a laminated glazing unit, said at least one electrically conductive element being disposed on an inner face of one of the glass substrates, the head of the first electrical connection part being in intimate contact with the conductive element, and the plastic film covering the head of said first connecting piece opposite the the electrically conductive element.
- the conductive element is a means located on the glazing supplying the current for the glazing when the latter requires a power supply, in particular the localized means of supplying the current is a solid electrically conductive strip.
- a heating element of the glazing unit when the glazing is a heating glazing unit.
- the heating element of the glazing is an electroconductive layer and the conductive element which constitutes at least one means for supplying the electric current is an electroconductive strip such as silver paste or copper, integral with the layer and against which comes into contact with the head of the first electrical connection part of the electrical connection means of the invention.
- two pairs spaced apart from two electrical connection pieces of the invention are more particularly assembled in order to feed two collecting conductors.
- the glazing can of course be intended for all other applications than a heated glazing and concerns any glazing requiring a power supply.
- the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a laminated glazing unit according to the invention, and comprising the following steps:
- FIG. 1 shows a partial perspective plunging view of a glazing of the invention provided with two electrical connection means connected to electric cables;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view according to the thickness of the glazing of Figure 1, illustrating the two associated parts of one of the electrical connection means of the invention;
- FIG. 3 corresponds to FIG. 2 showing only the first part of the electrical connection means integral with the glazing unit;
- FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the electrical connection means of the glazing unit of FIG. 1, respectively showing the two separate and assembled parts;
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic sectional views of two respective association variants of an electrical lug parts of the electrical connection means of the invention.
- FIG. 7 corresponds to FIG. 2, the electrical connection means including an interface washer for clamping.
- the electrical connection means including an interface washer for clamping.
- the figures are not scaled for easy reading.
- the glazing unit 1 of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a laminated glazing unit comprising at least one electrically conductive element 2 such as, for example, an electrically conductive strip of the silver type, which is, for example, integral with a layer electrically conductive heating covering one of the faces of the glazing, as well as electrical connection means 3 for the supply of electricity to the electrically conductive element 2, said connection means being visible in isolation in Figure 4a.
- electrically conductive element 2 such as, for example, an electrically conductive strip of the silver type, which is, for example, integral with a layer electrically conductive heating covering one of the faces of the glazing, as well as electrical connection means 3 for the supply of electricity to the electrically conductive element 2, said connection means being visible in isolation in Figure 4a.
- the intended application of the glazing is by way of example described for a heated glazing, but is in no way limiting.
- the electrical connection means 3 visible in FIG. 1 are two in number, identical, to constitute the negative and positive poles of the electrical supply of the electrically conductive element 2.
- the electrical connection means 3 are associated with power supply cables 5 via electrical lugs 4.
- the laminated glazing 1 comprises two glass substrates 10 and 1 1 sandwiching an interlayer film 12 made of plastic material. At least one of the internal faces of one of the substrates, for example the internal face 10A of the substrate 10, comprises the electrically conductive element 2.
- the glazing comprises a hole 13 passing through one of the glass substrates, here the substrate 10 provided with the electrically conductive element 2.
- the electrical connection means 3 comprise two electrical connection pieces 30 and 31 mutually cooperating in a male-female type of cooperation.
- the two parts 30 and 31 of electrical connection cooperate by screwing.
- One of the parts, the first part 30, is integral with the glazing unit (FIG. 3), while the second part 31 is attached and removably assembled to the first part.
- the first part 30 comprises a flat head 30A and a cylindrical body 30B extending perpendicularly to the plane of the head 30A, said cylindrical body 30B being threaded.
- the second piece 31 comprises a head 31 A, preferably flat, and a cylindrical body 31 B threaded extending perpendicular to the plane of the head 31 A. The thread and the thread are configured to cooperate together by screwing to form the assembly of Figure 4b.
- the cylindrical body of the first part could be threaded while the cylindrical body of the second part could be threaded.
- the outer surface 31 C of the head 31 A of the second piece 31, surface opposite the cylindrical body, has a groove 31 D to ensure the screwing of the workpiece via a screwdriver.
- the screwing is performed via a torque screwdriver to control the clamping force against the glass.
- the two electrical connection pieces 30 and 31 are in an electrically conductive material, such as metal, for example brass or copper.
- the first part 30 is intended to be associated with the substrate 10 of the glazing provided with the electrically conductive element 2.
- the head 30A is pressed against the electrically conductive element 2 in direct and intimate contact.
- the cylindrical body 30B is engaged in the orifice 13 of the substrate 10 and opens on the outer face 10A of the substrate.
- the orifice 13 has a section adapted to accommodate the cylindrical body in a controlled manner, but without the latter being able to exert pressure on the walls of the orifice.
- an electrical lug 4 secured to electric cables 5 is associated with the cylindrical body of one or the other piece ( Figures 2 and Figure 6).
- the electric cables 5 ensure the arrival of the power supply.
- the electrical lug 4 is used as electrical connection means because it is very widespread and easy to use. Other electrical connection means could be used.
- the lug 4 is flat and has a hole 40.
- the lug 4 is sandwiched between the head 31 A of the second piece 31 and either the glazing as shown in FIG. 2, or the free end of the first connecting piece 20 as illustrated in the variant of FIG. 5.
- the first connecting piece 30 is projecting relative to the outer face 10B of the glass substrate 10 and the lug 4 is engaged by its hole 40 around the free end of the cylindrical body 30B of the first piece of connection 30.
- the second piece 31 is screwed into the cylindrical body 30B of the first piece 30, the head 31 A of said second piece which clamp the lug 4 against the outer face 10B of the glazing.
- the passage of the current is via the lug 4 and then via the cylindrical body 30B of the first connecting piece 30 to the head 30A of said first piece in contact with the conductive element 2.
- the cylindrical body 30B of the first connecting piece 30 is projecting beyond the outer face 10B of the glazing and the lug 4 rests on the edge of the free end of said cylindrical body 30B of the first connecting piece 30.
- second piece 31 is screwed into the cylindrical body 30B of the first piece 30, the head 31 A of said second piece which grips the lug 4 against the edge of the free end of the cylindrical body 30B of the first connecting piece 30. Electrical current is then intended to pass via the terminal 4 and then via the cylindrical body 30B of the first connecting piece 30 to the head 30A of said first part 30 in contact with the conductive element 2.
- the cylindrical body 30B of the first connection piece 30 does not protrude beyond the face 10B of the glazing, and the lug 4 is disposed via its hole 40 around the body cylindrical 31 B of the second piece 31 while abutting against the head 31 A of said second piece.
- the second piece 31 is screwed into the cylindrical body 30B of the first piece 30, the head 31A of said second piece tightening the lug 4 against the outer face 10B of the substrate 10 of the glazing.
- the current then travels from the lug 4, then along the cylindrical body 31 B of the second piece 31 to pass via the cylindrical body 30B of the first piece 30 to its head 30A in contact with the conductive element 2.
- the manufacturing process of the glazing is as follows:
- the orifice 13 is made in the glass substrate 10 provided with the conductive element 2 to be supplied;
- the glass substrate 10 is arranged on a support, the outer face facing down while the inner face 10A with the conductive element 2 is turned upwards;
- the first piece 30 is attached against the glazing unit by introducing its cylindrical body 30B into the orifice 13, the head 30A resting on the internal face 10A provided with the conductive element 2;
- the second connecting piece 31 is screwed under or around the first connecting piece 30 to hold the head 30A of the first connection piece in close contact with the conductive element 2;
- the interlayer film 12 is attached against the inner face 10A of the glazing carrying the conductive element 2, then the second glass substrate 1 1 is deposited on top;
- FIG. 3 illustrates the laminated glazing with the first piece of connection 30 integral, the second connecting piece 31 removable having been unscrewed and removed.
- a washer 6 is associated between the head 31A of the second piece 31 and the lug 4 to guarantee the mechanical contact by compensating any loosening over time (in the manner of a spring).
- the washer is preferably slotted to facilitate its association with the cylindrical body.
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17754407.9A EP3488662A1 (fr) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | Vitrage avec element electriquement conducteur et sa connexion electrique |
CA3031199A CA3031199A1 (fr) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | Vitrage avec element electriquement conducteur et sa connexion electrique |
KR1020197004837A KR20190032450A (ko) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | 전기전도체를 갖는 글레이징 및 그 전기적 연결 |
JP2019503282A JP2019525409A (ja) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | 導電性要素を備えたグレージング及びその電気接続 |
MX2019000923A MX2019000923A (es) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | Acristalamiento con elemento electricamente conductor y su conexion electrica. |
BR112019001197-8A BR112019001197A2 (pt) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | vidraça com elemento eletricamente condutor e sua conexão elétrica |
RU2019104909A RU2019104909A (ru) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | Остекление с электропроводящим элементом и его электрическое соединение |
CN201780045555.XA CN109479344A (zh) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | 具有导电元件的玻璃窗和它的电连接 |
US16/319,597 US20210282233A1 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | Glazing with electrically conductive element and its electrical connection |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1656999 | 2016-07-22 | ||
FR1656999A FR3054403B1 (fr) | 2016-07-22 | 2016-07-22 | Vitrage avec element electriquement conducteur et sa connexion electrique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2018015697A1 true WO2018015697A1 (fr) | 2018-01-25 |
Family
ID=57750037
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2017/052026 WO2018015697A1 (fr) | 2016-07-22 | 2017-07-21 | Vitrage avec element electriquement conducteur et sa connexion electrique |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210282233A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3488662A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2019525409A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20190032450A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN109479344A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112019001197A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3031199A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3054403B1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA45720A (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2019000923A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2019104909A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018015697A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB201804622D0 (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-05-09 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Method of producing a vehicle glass assembly |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1196330B (de) * | 1960-01-13 | 1965-07-08 | Kinon Glas Spiegel | Verbundglasscheibe mit in einer organischen Zwischenschicht eingebetteten Widerstandsdraehten |
US3798419A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1974-03-19 | Gould Inc | Electrical surface heating assembly |
DE202006009227U1 (de) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-10-11 | Rational Ag | Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Kontaktieren einer Kontaktfläche eines Heizelements, Heizelement mit solch einer Vorrichtung und Gargerät mit solch einem Heizelement |
US20080268672A1 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-30 | Jonathan Sargent | Mechanical attachment of electrical terminals to plastic glazings |
FR2931026A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-11-13 | Webasto Ag | Vitre plastique a structure conductrice de l'electricite, et procede pour sa fabrication |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2077396U (zh) * | 1989-09-25 | 1991-05-22 | 吴孟齐 | 无霜玻璃车窗 |
JP2508720Y2 (ja) * | 1989-10-19 | 1996-08-28 | エヒメ合板工業株式会社 | 床暖房用パネルにおける面状発熱体の電極構造 |
JPH0414786A (ja) * | 1990-05-08 | 1992-01-20 | Ioka Denshi Kk | 発熱体における端子構造 |
CN1084003A (zh) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-03-16 | 积水化成品工业株式会社 | 加热器及其制造方法和配备加热器的防雾镜 |
US7597574B2 (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2009-10-06 | Asm America, Inc. | Lamp fasteners for semiconductor processing reactors |
JP5108089B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-01 | 2012-12-26 | エグザテック・リミテッド・ライアビリティー・カンパニー | フィルム・インサート成形プラスチック・ウィンドウ用電気接続部 |
TR201910819T4 (tr) * | 2012-08-24 | 2019-08-21 | Saint Gobain | Elektrik bağlantı elemanlı cam levha. |
CN202839815U (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-03-27 | 北京机电工程研究所 | 一种导线与接线柱的连接结构 |
MY181332A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2020-12-21 | Saint Gobain | Pane with electrical connection element and connection bridge |
JP2016503568A (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2016-02-04 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランスSaint−Gobain Glass France | 電気的接続部材及び補償プレートを備えた板ガラス |
GB201316779D0 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2013-11-06 | Dehns | Electrical connector |
AR097558A1 (es) * | 2013-10-29 | 2016-03-23 | Saint Gobain | Entrepaño con -al menos- dos elementos de conexión eléctrica y un conductor de conexión |
FR3024599B1 (fr) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-08-05 | Abb France | Bloc de jonction pour la mise a la terre |
CN204030007U (zh) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 浙江松成电子有限公司 | 接线端子 |
CN205282701U (zh) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-01 | 国网山东省电力公司莘县供电公司 | 一种高压绝缘母线导电芯的连接结构 |
-
2016
- 2016-07-22 FR FR1656999A patent/FR3054403B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-07-21 BR BR112019001197-8A patent/BR112019001197A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2017-07-21 KR KR1020197004837A patent/KR20190032450A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-07-21 CN CN201780045555.XA patent/CN109479344A/zh active Pending
- 2017-07-21 WO PCT/FR2017/052026 patent/WO2018015697A1/fr unknown
- 2017-07-21 EP EP17754407.9A patent/EP3488662A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-07-21 RU RU2019104909A patent/RU2019104909A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-07-21 CA CA3031199A patent/CA3031199A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2017-07-21 MA MA045720A patent/MA45720A/fr unknown
- 2017-07-21 US US16/319,597 patent/US20210282233A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-07-21 JP JP2019503282A patent/JP2019525409A/ja active Pending
- 2017-07-21 MX MX2019000923A patent/MX2019000923A/es unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1196330B (de) * | 1960-01-13 | 1965-07-08 | Kinon Glas Spiegel | Verbundglasscheibe mit in einer organischen Zwischenschicht eingebetteten Widerstandsdraehten |
US3798419A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1974-03-19 | Gould Inc | Electrical surface heating assembly |
DE202006009227U1 (de) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-10-11 | Rational Ag | Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Kontaktieren einer Kontaktfläche eines Heizelements, Heizelement mit solch einer Vorrichtung und Gargerät mit solch einem Heizelement |
US20080268672A1 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-30 | Jonathan Sargent | Mechanical attachment of electrical terminals to plastic glazings |
FR2931026A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-11-13 | Webasto Ag | Vitre plastique a structure conductrice de l'electricite, et procede pour sa fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3488662A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 |
RU2019104909A3 (fr) | 2020-09-10 |
RU2019104909A (ru) | 2020-08-24 |
FR3054403A1 (fr) | 2018-01-26 |
CA3031199A1 (fr) | 2018-01-25 |
KR20190032450A (ko) | 2019-03-27 |
MA45720A (fr) | 2019-05-29 |
MX2019000923A (es) | 2019-08-29 |
FR3054403B1 (fr) | 2019-10-18 |
JP2019525409A (ja) | 2019-09-05 |
BR112019001197A2 (pt) | 2019-04-30 |
CN109479344A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
US20210282233A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 |
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