WO2018010672A1 - 新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010672A1
WO2018010672A1 PCT/CN2017/092777 CN2017092777W WO2018010672A1 WO 2018010672 A1 WO2018010672 A1 WO 2018010672A1 CN 2017092777 W CN2017092777 W CN 2017092777W WO 2018010672 A1 WO2018010672 A1 WO 2018010672A1
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Prior art keywords
flowable
tire
rim
composition
silicone oil
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PCT/CN2017/092777
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨金海
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杨金海
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Publication of WO2018010672A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010672A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/04—Resilient fillings for rubber tyres; Filling tyres therewith
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C7/00—Non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K5/544—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L91/06—Waxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
    • B60C2001/0091—Compositions of non-inflatable or solid tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly and a filler thereof.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of making a new type of inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly and its filler.
  • the tires of the vehicles are mostly pneumatic tires, and the punctures often occur during the driving process, especially in the process of high-speed driving, if there is a puncture, it will have very serious consequences.
  • the existing solid tires are too heavy and are used only for high-load vehicles or machinery traveling at a low speed, and are not suitable for vehicles traveling at a high speed.
  • CN106739815A discloses an explosion-proof tire in which a partition is provided in a cavity of a tire to partition the entire cavity into a plurality of separate portions, each of which is filled with a protective layer of a carbon fiber network structure, thereby preventing foreign matter.
  • the puncture of the pneumatic inner tube makes the explosion-proof effect of the new tire greatly improved.
  • CN206186702U discloses a filled explosion-proof tire, which is filled with a foamed polymer material core in a cavity between a tire casing and a rim, the core size being smaller than the cavity size, so that the gap between the core and the rubber tire casing Full of air. Therefore, the vehicle can still play a supporting role after the tire is puncture, so it overcomes the shortcoming that the vehicle is difficult to control and cannot continue driving after the tire is blown out. However, it is still necessary to inflate the tires of this type during use.
  • the present invention also provides a method of making a new inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly and a filler therefor.
  • a novel inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly comprising:
  • a wheel comprising a hub and a rim, the rim being provided with a closable opening;
  • a tire comprising a carcass and a bead, the tire being fitted on the rim by the bead to form an annular cavity between the tire and the rim;
  • the wheel assembly further includes a solid filler filled in the annular cavity, the solid filler being formed by curing of a flowable composition, the solid filler closely conforming to both the rim and the tire
  • the flowable composition is a flowable silicone oil composition or a flowable white oil composition.
  • the solid filler may have a porous structure, for example, a honeycomb structure.
  • the composition of the flowable silicone oil composition may comprise two rationing schemes, respectively:
  • composition of the flowable white oil composition may include:
  • the rubber powder is preferably a fine rubber powder, more preferably a fine rubber powder.
  • a method of making a flowable silicone oil composition comprising the steps of:
  • the formation of the agglomerates is followed by heating or allowing it to self-heat;
  • the mixture When the mixture is raised to a certain temperature, it may be evacuated or allowed to automatically evaporate the residue at a high temperature.
  • the mixture is heated to a temperature in the range of 80 ° C to 300 ° C while stirring until the rubber powder and white carbon black are completely dissolved in the white oil.
  • a method of manufacturing a novel inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly comprising the steps of:
  • Flowable composition is injected into the annular cavity through an opening in the rim or on the surface of the tire, or a combination of the tire and the rim, wherein the flowable composition is a flowable silicone oil composition or a flowable white oil composition;
  • the wheel assembly is allowed to stand while the axis of rotation of the wheel assembly is vertical to gradually solidify the flowable composition to form a solid filler;
  • the annular chamber is vented through the venting opening such that the solid fill fits snugly with both the rim and the tire.
  • the venting opening is formed by penetrating the tip through the tire and then removing it.
  • the venting opening is formed by penetrating and retaining the hollow tip on the tire. After the solid fill is formed, the hollow spikes are removed.
  • the step of making a vent at one or more locations of the wheel assembly is performed by opening the closable opening.
  • a pump is used to pass through the venting opening (such as by a hollow tip
  • the vent hole formed by the object extracts the gas in the annular chamber.
  • the flowable composition By injecting the flowable composition, it cures closely to the tire and the rim. Therefore, the friction caused by the relative motion is not generated, the operating temperature is lowered, and the air is not inflated and is not easily punctured, thereby improving the service life of the tire and reducing the maintenance cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a new inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the new inflatable-free anti-explosion-proof wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention taken along section A-A of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the wheel shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a top plan view of the opening and groove provided on the rim of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 illustrates a tire with a spacer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view taken along section B-B of Figure 5 when a tire with an exemplary spacer is mounted on a hub.
  • the wheel assembly includes a wheel 1, a tire 6 and a solid fill 9.
  • the wheel 1 includes a hub 2 and a rim 3.
  • the rim 3 is provided with an opening 4 which can be closed with a lid when not in use, such as by a threaded connection, a snap connection or the like.
  • the rim 3 is further provided with a stop portion 5 in the form of a projection having a substantially rectangular cross section, the width w of which is approximately 1/3 of the width W of the rim.
  • the stop portion 5 is in the form of a groove.
  • the stop portion 5 can take a variety of other suitable shapes and can have any suitable dimensions so long as the rim strength is not affected.
  • the width of the groove or protrusion does not exceed the width of the rim 1/2.
  • the tire 6 comprises a carcass and a bead 7, and is fitted on the rim 3 by a bead 7 to form an annular cavity between the tire 6 and the rim 3.
  • a flowable composition such as a flowable silicone oil composition
  • the stop portion 5 such as a groove
  • the solid filler 9 is mated with the stopper portion 5; at the same time, the solid filler 9 is closely adhered to the rim 3 and the tire 6 due to slight expansion after curing; Both prevent relative movement.
  • Figure 5 shows a tire with a spacer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the tire 6 includes, in addition to the carcass and the bead 7, a plurality of spacers 8 radially disposed on an inner wall thereof to divide the entire annular cavity into a plurality of communicating portions.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view taken along section B-B of Figure 5 when a tire with an exemplary spacer is mounted on a hub.
  • the height h of the spacer 8 is less than the radial height H of the annular cavity such that the entire annular cavity remains in communication.
  • the spacer has a 2 x 3 array of circular shaped through holes.
  • the spacer may also have no through holes if the cross-sectional area of the spacer is less than the cross-sectional area of the annular cavity.
  • the outer contour of the spacer coincides with the inner contour of the annular cavity, in which case the spacer must have a through hole to keep the entire annular cavity in communication so that only one opening is required for flowable synthesis The objects are injected into the spaced apart chambers. It will be appreciated that the number and shape of the spacers may vary and the through holes may have other shapes (e.g., circular, square, rectangular, oblong, etc.) and arrangements without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the solid filler 9 can be formed by curing a flowable silicone oil composition or a flowable white oil composition.
  • the composition of the flowable silicone oil composition comprises:
  • the composition of the flowable silicone oil composition comprises: 60-85% vinyl silicone oil or methyl silicone oil and the like; 10% to 20% white carbon black or carbon black; 1% to 5% hydroxyl group Silicone oil; 0% to 10% inhibitor; 0% to 20% crosslinker; and 0% to 20 % catalyst.
  • composition of the flowable silicone oil composition comprises:
  • the composition of the flowable silicone oil composition comprises: 60-85% vinyl silicone oil or methyl silicone oil and the like; 10% to 20% white carbon black or carbon black; 1% to 8% of six Methyldisilazane and 0.3% to 2% water; 0% to 10% inhibitor; 0% to 20% crosslinker; and 0% to 20% catalyst.
  • the catalyst is added to the flowable silicone oil composition just prior to its injection into the wheel assembly.
  • the inhibitor may be an acetylenic alcohol compound such as ethynylcyclohexanol, propynyl alcohol or methylbutynol, a trimethyldodecyne, a nitrogen-containing compound, an organic peroxide or the like.
  • the crosslinking agent may be a hydrogen-containing silicone oil, polymethylhydrogensiloxane or the like.
  • the catalyst may be a complex of a transition metal (such as platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, etc.), an alkali glue prepared by tetramethylammonium hydroxide or a bis-tetra- or bis-penta- or platinum catalyst or potassium hydroxide.
  • a transition metal such as platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, etc.
  • an alkali glue prepared by tetramethylammonium hydroxide or a bis-tetra- or bis-penta- or platinum catalyst or potassium hydroxide.
  • the composition of the flowable white oil composition comprises:
  • mixing the appropriate amount of high molecular polymer and heat conductive material in the above flowable composition can optimize the thermal conductivity of the solid filler and reduce the operating temperature of the wheel assembly. It is also possible to adjust the hardness by adding an appropriate amount of a foaming agent, a softening agent or a solvent having a high boiling point to the flowable composition.
  • the flowable composition of the present invention may also be selected from TPR and EVA having different hardnesses. The body is melted after being melted at 80 to 300 ° C.
  • the parameters in the formulation process are determined based on the composition of the flowable composition, as described below.
  • the production process of the flowable silicone oil composition is:
  • the production process of the flowable silicone oil composition is:
  • the process for producing a flowable white oil composition is:
  • a method of manufacturing a wheel assembly includes the following steps:
  • the flowable composition is a flowable silicone oil composition or Flowable white oil composition
  • the opening 4 can be closed with a cover through a threaded interface
  • the wheel assembly is allowed to stand in a water bath to heat it to shorten the curing time of the flowable composition; it may also be heated in other ways, for example, in an oven Heating is carried out, but the heating temperature is not higher than 300 ° C; the heating time is also relatively different depending on the heating method of the wheel assembly;
  • step 5 penetrating the tire at one or more locations of the wheel assembly (eg, at a thinner portion of the tire, eg, the sidewall of the tire) to form and align the venting opening
  • the finally formed solid filler 9 is closely adhered to both the rim 3 and the tire 6;
  • the two anti-explosion-proof tire samples (model 205/55R16V, solid filler: silicone oil composite) of the present invention were respectively carried out 4 Effective projectiles, the samples were penetrated, and then passed through a hollow steel nail breaker with a diameter of 1cm and a length of 5cm; a 7.62mm pistol with a 7.62mm pistol, a range of 5m, and a 7.62mm semi-automatic rifle with a 7.62mm
  • the ordinary projectile and the shooting distance of 20 m were subjected to eight effective projectiles for each of the other two anti-explosion-proof tire samples (model 205/55R/16V, solid filler: silicone oil composition) of the present invention, and the samples were all penetrated. Then, the above four samples were installed on the vehicle, and the tires were all working normally on the paved road at a speed of ⁇ 100 km/h for 100 km.
  • the anti-explosion-proof tire of the present invention exhibits better fuel consumption, shorter braking distance, and longer sliding distance (small resistance) than conventional pneumatic tires, and exhibits superior performance to pneumatic tires.
  • the normal temperature injection method proposed by the present invention can directly inject a flowable composition without changing the current tire and wheel structure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种防爆轮组件，包括具有轮毂（2）和轮辋（3）的轮（1），以及具有胎体和胎圈（7）的轮胎（6），轮胎通过胎圈装配在轮辋上以在轮胎和轮辋之间形成环形腔，由可流动合成物固化所形成的固体填充物（9）被填充在环形腔中，可流动合成物是可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物。一种制造防爆轮组件的方法和一种制造可流动硅油合成物的方法也被公开。

Description

新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其填充物。另外，本发明还涉及制造新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其填充物的方法。
背景技术
目前，交通工具的轮胎多是充气轮胎，在行驶的过程中爆胎情况时常发生，尤其是在高速行驶的过程中，如果出现爆胎现象，将会造成非常严重的后果。然而现有的实心轮胎由于过于笨重，仅用于低速行驶的高负荷车辆或机械，而不适宜用于高速行驶的车辆。
CN106739815A公开了一种防爆轮胎，其在轮胎的腔体内设有隔板以将整个腔体隔成若干独立的部分，每个独立的部分内均填充碳纤维网状结构的防护层，因此可以防止异物扎破充气内胎，使得这种新型轮胎的防爆效果得到大大的提高。
CN206186702U公开了一种充填防爆轮胎，其在外胎与轮辋之间的空腔内填充有发泡高分子材料填芯，该填芯尺寸小于空腔尺寸，使得在填芯与橡胶外胎之间的空隙充满空气。因此在车辆爆胎后仍能起到支撑作用，所以克服了传统轮胎爆胎后车辆难以控制且无法继续行驶的缺点。然而，在该类型的轮胎的使用期间仍需对其进行充气。
GB1428968A、DE2808713、JPS56163903A等中公开了完全填充的轮胎，其主要涉及聚氨酯类填充的轮胎。然而这种轮胎材料成本和制造成本高，并且聚氨酯温度不宜超过120度。该种轮胎在行驶100公里以上时容易自动升温软化，使得冷却后轮胎成瘪状而无法恢复原样，因此其应用仍受到限制。
因此，期望提供一种克服上述问题的具有优异耐久性的免充气防扎防爆轮组件。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供防止被扎破后爆胎的新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其填充物。另外，本发明还提供制造新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件及其填充物的方法。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件，其包括：
轮，其包括轮毂和轮辋，所述轮辋上可设置有可封闭开口；
轮胎，其包括胎体和胎圈，所述轮胎通过所述胎圈装配在所述轮辋上以在所述轮胎和所述轮辋之间形成环形腔；
其特征在于，
所述轮组件还包括固体填充物，其填充在所述环形腔中，所述固体填充物由可流动合成物固化形成，所述固体填充物与所述轮辋和所述轮胎二者紧密贴合，其中，所述可流动合成物是可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物。
根据本发明的实施例，固体填充物可具有多孔结构，例如，蜂窝状结构。
根据本发明的实施例，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分可包括两种配比方案，分别是：
第一种
50～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油或类似物；
0～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑；
0～10％的羟基硅油；
0％～10％的抑制剂；
0％～20％的交联剂；
0％～20％的催化剂。
第二种
50～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油或类似物；
0～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑；
0～20％的六甲基二硅氮烷；
0～10％的水；
0％～10％的抑制剂；
0％～20％的交联剂；
0％～20％的催化剂。
本发明的实施例，所述可流动白油合成物的成分可包括：
60％～75％的白油或类似物；
10％～20％的橡胶粉；
15％～30％的白炭黑或者炭黑。
橡胶粉优选地是细橡胶粉，更优选地是微细橡胶粉。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种制造可流动硅油合成物的方法，其包括下述步骤：
混合可流动硅油合成物的成分以形成混合物；
搅拌所述混合物以使其形成团状物；
紧接着所述团状物的形成对其加热或者让其自行升温；
当所述混合物升到一定温度时，可对其进行抽真空或者让其自动高温挥发残留物。
根据本发明的又另一方面，提供一种制造可流动白油合成物的方法，其包括下述过程：
混合可流动白油合成物的成分以形成混合物；
加热所述混合物以使其温度在80℃～300℃的范围内，同时搅拌直至橡胶粉和白炭黑完全溶解在白油中。
根据本发明的又另一方面，提供一种制造新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件的方法，其包括下述步骤：
将轮胎经由其胎圈装配在轮的轮辋上，以在轮胎和轮辋之间形成环形腔；
通过轮辋上或者轮胎表面上的开口，或者轮胎与轮辋结合处，将可流动合成物注入所述环形腔，其中，所述可流动合成物是可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物；
封闭所述开口；
在轮组件的旋转轴线竖直的情况下静置所述轮组件以使所述可流动合成物逐渐固化形成固体填充物；
在固化期间，在所述轮组件的一个或多个位置处制作排气孔；
通过所述排气孔对所述环形腔排气，使得所述固体填充物与所述轮辋和所述轮胎二者紧密贴合。
优选地，通过将尖状物穿透所述轮胎且之后移除来形成排气孔。优选地，通过将中空尖状物穿透并保持在所述轮胎上形成排气孔。在形成固体填充物之后，移除所述中空尖状物。优选地，在所述轮组件的一个或多个位置处制作排气孔的步骤通过打开所述可封闭开口进行。
根据本发明的实施例，利用泵通过所述排气孔(诸如由中空尖状 物形成的排气孔)抽出所述环形腔内的气体。
通过注入所述可流动合成物，其固化之后与轮胎和轮辋贴合紧密。因此不产生因相对运动带来的摩擦，降低了运转温度，且不用充气和不易被扎破，提高了轮胎的使用寿命，降低了维护成本。
附图说明
现在参考附图描述本发明的示例性实施例。本发明的其他目的和特征将从结合附图考虑的以下详细描述变得显而易见。然而，将理解，附图仅用于说明目的，且不预期以任何方式限制本公开的范围，在附图中：
图1是根据本发明的实施例的新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件。
图2是沿图1的截面A-A截取的根据本发明的实施例的新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件的剖视示意图；
图3是图1中示出的轮的结构示意图；
图4是设置在图3中的轮辋上的开口和凹槽的俯视示意图；
图5示出了根据本发明的实施例的带有间隔件的轮胎；
图6是在带有示例性间隔件的轮胎安装在轮毂上时沿图5的截面B-B截取的剖视示意图。
在这些图中，相同的附图标记始终指代相同的部件、元件或特征等。图中的部件、元件或特征等未必按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅仅是示例性的，且不旨在限制本公开或其用途。
图1-图4示出了根据本发明的实施例的新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件的剖视示意图及其分解视图。为了更加清楚，省去了一些剖面线。轮组件包括轮1、轮胎6和固体填充物9。轮1包括轮毂2和轮辋3。轮辋3上设置有开口4，其在不使用时可用盖子封闭，比如通过螺纹连接、卡扣连接等。如图2所示，轮辋3上还设置有呈大体矩形横截面的突出部形式的止动部分5，其宽度w大约为轮辋宽度W的1/3。在其他示例中，如图3中所示，止动部分5呈凹槽的形式。此外，应当理解，止动部分5可呈各种其他合适的形状且可具有任何合适的尺寸，只要不影响轮辋强度。优选地，凹槽或突出部的宽度不超过轮辋宽度 的1/2。
轮胎6包括胎体和胎圈7，且通过胎圈7装配在轮辋3上以在轮胎6和轮辋3之间形成环形腔。当可流动合成物(诸如可流动硅油合成物)被注入并充满环形腔时，诸如凹槽的止动部分5被可流动合成物填满。在可流动合成物固化形成固体填充物9后，固体填充物9与止动部分5配合；同时，由于固化后稍有膨胀，使得固体填充物9与轮辋3和轮胎6紧密贴合；二者均防止相对运动。
图5示出根据本发明的实施例的带有间隔件的轮胎。该轮胎6除了胎体和胎圈7之外还包括在其内壁上径向设置的多个间隔件8，以将整个环形腔分隔成多个连通的部分。图6是在带有示例性间隔件的轮胎安装在轮毂上时沿图5的截面B-B截取的剖视示意图。如图所示，间隔件8的高度h小于环形腔的径向高度H，使得整个环形腔保持连通。另外，间隔件具有2×3阵列的圆形形状的通孔。在其他示例中，在间隔件的横截面面积小于环形腔的横截面面积的情况下，间隔件也可以不具有通孔。在另外的示例中，间隔件的外轮廓与环形腔的内轮廓一致，在这种情况下，间隔件必须有通孔，以保持整个环形腔连通，从而仅需要一个开口就能将可流动合成物注入到间隔开的各个腔中。应当理解，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，间隔件的数量及形状可以改变且通孔可具有其他形状(例如圆形、方形、矩形、长椭圆形等)和排列。
在该实施例中，固体填充物9可由可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物固化形成。根据本发明的实施例，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分包括：
50％～90％乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油及类似物；
0％～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑；
0％～20％的羟基硅油；
0％～10％的抑制剂；
0％～20％的交联剂；
0％～20％的催化剂。
优选地，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分包括：60～85％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油及类似物；10％～20％的白炭黑或者炭黑；1％～5％的羟基硅油；0％～10％的抑制剂；0％～20％的交联剂；和0％～20 ％的催化剂。
根据本发明的又一实施例，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分包括：
50％～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油及类似物；
0％～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑；
0％～20％的六甲基二硅氮烷；
0％～10％的水；
0％～10％的抑制剂；
0％～20％的交联剂；
0％～20％的催化剂。
优选地，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分包括：60～85％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油及类似物；10％～20％的白炭黑或者炭黑；1％～8％的六甲基二硅氮烷和0.3％～2％的水；0％～10％的抑制剂；0％～20％的交联剂；和0％～20％的催化剂。
催化剂在可流动硅油合成物即将注入到轮组件中之前添加到其中。
所述抑制剂(抗氧剂)可以是：乙炔基环己醇、丙炔醇、甲基丁炔醇等炔醇类化合物、三甲基十二炔、含氮化合物、有机过氧化物等。
所述交联剂可以是含氢硅油、聚甲基氢硅氧烷等。
所述催化剂可以是过渡金属(如铂、钌、铑等)的络合物、四甲基氢氧化铵或双二四或双二五或铂金催化剂或氢氧化钾制备的碱胶等。
根据本发明的实施例，所述可流动白油合成物的成分包括：
60％～75％的白油或者类似物；
10％～20％的橡胶粉；
15％～30％的白炭黑。
此外，在以上可流动合成物中混入适量高分子聚合物、导热材料可以优化固体填充物的导热性能，降低轮组件的工作温度。也可在上述可流动合成物中添加适量的发泡剂、软化剂或沸点高的溶剂进行调配来控制其硬度，本发明的所述可流动合成物也可以选用不同硬度的TPR、EVA等弹性体，经过80～300℃融化后再配比注入。
根据可流动合成物的成分，确定配制过程中的参数，具体实施例如下。
实施例1
可流动硅油合成物的制作过程为：
1)混合50％～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油及类似物、0％～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑和0％～20％的羟基硅油、0～10％的抑制剂(又称为缓聚剂)、0％～20％的交联剂以形成混合物；
2)在搅拌器内搅拌所述混合物以使其形成团状物；
3)紧接着所述团状物的形成在搅拌器内将其加热到70℃以上；
4)对搅拌器内部抽真空5分钟以上，也可不抽空，让其自行挥发残留物；
5)继续加热，当实际温度达到160℃时，就可以停止所有步骤；
6)在可流动硅油合成物即将注入到在轮胎和轮辋之间形成的环形腔中之前，将0％～20％的催化剂添加到可流动硅油合成物中并搅拌均匀。
实施例2
可流动硅油合成物的制作过程为：
1)混合50％～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油及类似物、0％～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑、0％～20％的六甲基二硅氮烷、0％～10％的水、0～10％的抑制剂(又称为缓聚剂)、0％～20％的交联剂以形成混合物；
2)在搅拌器内搅拌所述混合物以使其形成团状物；
3)紧接着所述团状物的形成在搅拌器内将其加热到120℃；
4)对搅拌器内部抽真空5分钟以上，也可不抽空，让其自行挥发残留物；
5)继续加热，当实际温度达到160℃时，就可以停止所有步骤；
6)在可流动硅油合成物即将注入到在轮胎和轮辋之间形成的环形腔中之前，将0％～20％的催化剂添加到可流动硅油合成物中并搅拌均匀。
实施例3
可流动白油合成物的制作过程为：
1)混合60％～75％的白油或者类似物、10％～20％的橡胶粉和15％～30％的白炭黑以形成混合物；
2)在搅拌器内搅拌所述混合物以使其形成团状物；
3)紧接着所述团状物的形成在搅拌器内将其加热至在80℃～300℃，优选地在150℃～230℃的范围内；
4)维持该温度直至橡胶粉和白炭黑完全溶解在白油中即制成可流动白油合成物。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，制造轮组件的方法包括下述步骤：
1)将轮胎6经由其胎圈7装配在轮1的轮辋3上，以在轮辋3和轮胎6之间形成环形腔；
2)通过轮辋3上的开口4将环形腔中灌满水并排出，以确定待注入到环形腔中的可流动合成物的量，其中，所述可流动合成物是可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物；
3)在室温下，通过轮辋3上的开口4用注塑机或在1～5个大气压下将确定量的可流动合成物注入所述环形腔；
4)可通过螺纹接口用盖子封闭开口4；
5)在轮组件的旋转轴线竖直的情况下，将该轮组件静置在水浴中以对其加热来缩短可流动合成物的固化时间；也可以以其他方式进行加热，比如，放置在烤箱中进行加热，但加热温度不高于300℃；根据对轮组件加热方式的不同，加热时间也相对不一样；
6)在步骤5期间，在轮组件的一个或多个位置处用针穿透轮胎(例如，在轮胎的较薄部位处，例如，轮胎侧壁)以形成排气孔并在其处作标记，通过进行排气，使得最后形成的固体填充物9与轮辋3和轮胎6二者紧密贴合；
7)在有标记处，用穿刺修复剂涂覆封闭。
防弹防扎性能检测结果
在自然温度下，用7.62mm手枪配7.62mm手枪弹、射距5m条件下，对本发明的2个防扎防爆轮胎样品(型号205/55R16V，固体填充物为：硅油合成物)各进行了4发有效射弹，样品均被穿透，然后驶过直径1cm、长5cm的空心钢钉破胎器；用7.62mm手枪配7.62mm手枪弹、射距5m，以及用7.62mm半自动步枪配7.62mm普通弹、射距20m，对本发明的另外2个防扎防爆轮胎样品(型号205/55R/16V，固体填充物为：硅油合成物)各进行了8发有效射弹，样品均被穿透。然后将上述4个样品安装于车辆上，在机铺路面上以时速≥100km/h行驶100km，轮胎均工作正常。
等速燃料消耗量试验、制动试验和滑行试验结果
根据GB/T 12545.1-2008，GB21670-2008和GB12536-1990对本发 明的防扎防爆轮胎(固体填充物为硅油合成物，试样标号2#)与市售的充气轮胎(试样标号1#)进行了等速燃料消耗量试验、制动试验和滑行试验。上述两种轮胎(型号均为205/55R/16V)被安装在普通轿车上进行所述试验。该轿车整车设计质量(整备/满载质量)为1427/1882kg。对于充气轮胎，前/后胎压为220/220kPa。试验结果在表1中示出：
表1充气轮胎和本发明的防扎防爆轮胎的等速燃料消耗量试验、制动试验和滑行试验结果
Figure PCTCN2017092777-appb-000001
通过表1可认识到，本发明的防扎防爆轮胎与常规充气轮胎相比，油耗减少、制动距离短且滑行距离长(阻力小)，表现出优于充气轮胎的性能。
本发明所提出的常温注胶法，可在不改变目前轮胎和轮结构的情况下，直接注入可流动合成物。
为了清晰起见，将理解，贯穿本申请，对“一”、“一个”和“该”的使 用并不排除多个，且“包括”并不排除其他步骤或元件、部件和成分等。以上实施例仅用以说明本发明而不旨在限制本发明，因此，尽管已经通过多个实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，但是，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可作出各种修改或变型。
附图标记列表
1 轮
2 轮毂
3 轮辋
4 开口
5 止动部分
6 轮胎
7 胎圈
8 间隔件
9 固体填充物

Claims (13)

  1. 一种新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件，其包括：
    轮，其包括轮毂和轮辋，所述轮辋上设置有可封闭开口；及
    轮胎，其包括胎体和胎圈，所述轮胎通过所述胎圈装配在所述轮辋上以在所述轮胎和所述轮辋之间形成环形腔；
    其特征在于，
    所述轮组件还包括固体填充物，其填充在所述环形腔中，所述固体填充物由填充到所述环形腔中的可流动合成物固化形成，所述固体填充物与所述轮辋和所述轮胎二者紧密贴合，其中，所述可流动合成物是可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型免充气防扎防爆轮胎，其特征在于，所述轮辋上设置有止动部分，使得所述可流动合成物固化后与所述止动部分配合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的新型免充气防扎防爆轮胎，其特征在于，所述止动部分是一个或多个凹槽或突出部或二者。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的新型免充气防扎防爆轮胎，其特征在于，所述轮胎的内壁上设置有径向定向的多个间隔件。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任一项所述的新型免充气防扎防爆轮胎，其特征在于，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分包括：
    50～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油或类似物；
    0～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑；
    0～10％的羟基硅油；
    0％～10％的抑制剂；
    0％～20％的交联剂；
    0％～20％的催化剂。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中的任一项所述的新型免充气防扎防爆轮胎，其特征在于，所述可流动硅油合成物的成分包括：
    50～90％的乙烯基硅油或者甲基硅油或类似物；
    0～50％的白炭黑或者炭黑；
    0～20％的六甲基二硅氮烷；
    0～10％的水；
    0％～10％的抑制剂；
    0％～20％的交联剂；
    0％～20％的催化剂。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4中的任一项所述的新型免充气防扎防爆轮胎，其特征在于，所述可流动白油合成物的成分包括：
    60％～75％的白油或类似物；
    10％～20％的橡胶粉；
    15％～30％的白炭黑或者炭黑。
  8. 一种制造新型免充气防扎防爆轮组件的方法，其包括下述步骤：
    将轮胎经由其胎圈装配在轮的轮辋上，以在所述轮胎和所述轮辋之间形成环形腔；
    通过所述轮辋上或轮胎表面上的开口，或者轮胎与轮辋的结合处，将可流动合成物注入所述环形腔，其中，所述可流动合成物是可流动硅油合成物或可流动白油合成物；
    封闭所述开口；
    在所述轮组件的旋转轴线竖直的情况下静置所述轮组件以使所述可流动合成物逐渐固化形成固体填充物；
    在固化期间，在所述轮组件的一个或多个位置处制作排气孔；及
    通过所述排气孔对所述环形腔排气，使得所述固体填充物与所述轮辋和所述轮胎二者紧密贴合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，将可流动合成物注入所述环形腔的步骤通过注塑机或者其他方法进行。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中，在所述固化期间对整个所述轮组件加热快速固化或者室温自动固化。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10中的任一项所述的方法，其中，在所述轮组件的一个或多个位置处制作排气孔的步骤通过穿透所述轮胎进行。
  12. 根据权利要求8-11中的任一项所述的方法，其中，对所述环形腔排气的步骤利用泵进行或者自行排气。
  13. 一种制造可流动硅油合成物的方法，其包括下述步骤：
    混合所述可流动硅油合成物的成分以形成混合物；
    搅拌所述混合物以使其形成团状物；
    紧接着所述团状物的形成对其加热；及
    当所述混合物升到一定温度时，可对其进行抽真空或者不抽真空让其自动高温挥发残留物。
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