WO2018000529A1 - 一种固体润滑的金属切削刀具及其加工方法 - Google Patents
一种固体润滑的金属切削刀具及其加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018000529A1 WO2018000529A1 PCT/CN2016/094102 CN2016094102W WO2018000529A1 WO 2018000529 A1 WO2018000529 A1 WO 2018000529A1 CN 2016094102 W CN2016094102 W CN 2016094102W WO 2018000529 A1 WO2018000529 A1 WO 2018000529A1
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- tool
- solid lubricant
- topography
- convex
- surface texture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/355—Texturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/30—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools lathes or like tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/08—Rake or top surfaces
- B23B2200/081—Rake or top surfaces with projections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/12—Side or flank surfaces
- B23B2200/121—Side or flank surfaces with projections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/04—Aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/88—Titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/52—Solid lubricants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/092—Lasers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/20—Tools
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24174—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
- Y10T428/24182—Inward from edge of web or sheet
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting tools, in particular to filling a solid lubricating material after processing a surface texture morphology of a metal cutting tool, thereby improving cutting performance.
- the heat of cutting accumulates near the tip of the tool, causing the local temperature of the tool to rise sharply.
- the front and back faces of the tool are easily worn out, forming a so-called crater.
- the width and depth of the crater gradually increase and extend toward the edge of the blade, reducing the strength of the cutting edge and causing chipping.
- the “sticking knife” forms a built-up edge, which affects the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. Therefore, tool surface wear and adhesion are related to cutting quality and tool life.
- micro-convex topography can give the surface some unique properties.
- Submicron mastoids on the surface of the lotus leaf make it superhydrophobic; the blocky bulge on the surface of the shark skin reduces underwater resistance.
- the desorption effect of the microprotrusions can also be applied to the tool-chip friction side interface; the micro-convex shape of the array reduces the actual contact area of the two, and the debonding and anti-friction effect is exerted.
- Chinese patent ZL201210446252.8 discloses a tool surface composite modeling processing method and device thereof.
- Micro-cavities, fused protrusions and micro-grooves are machined at the main friction and wear parts of the tool by high-energy laser beam or high-energy electron beam, which prolongs tool life, improves cutting quality and cooling, and reduces machining costs.
- a processing apparatus for carrying out the above composite molding processing method is also disclosed. The method reduces knife-to-chip adhesion to a certain extent, but its effect of reducing cutting force, cutting temperature rise, wear and the like is still very limited; in some cutting conditions, the chip forms a point contact with the point-like protrusion, and instead increases the friction; Moreover, the microprotrusions are prone to wear and have poor durability.
- Chinese Patent No. ZL201110089826.6 discloses a micro-textured self-lubricating drill bit and a preparation method thereof, which are provided with a micro-groove or micro-porous texture in a blade-to-chip contact area of a rake face and filled with a solid emulsifier.
- the solid lubricant in the micro-texture is quickly softened and dragged on the rake face of the tool to form a continuous solid lubricating layer, preventing adhesion, reducing friction and low wear, and improving tool life.
- the patent is filled with a lubricant in the texture of the concave body. Compared with the raised texture, the tool has poor anti-adhesive properties.
- the solid lubricant of the pit shape can be stored in a limited volume, which limits the effectiveness to some extent. Lubrication time.
- Chinese Patent ZL201310022645.0 discloses a preparation method for anti-adhesive and anti-friction micro-inlaid composite texture of tool surface, and a composite texture with textured micro-protrusions, micro-cavities and micro-grooves on the surface of the tool by laser; And filling the solid lubricant composite material in the micro-groove.
- the method has a complex shape and high requirements on the laser, so it is inconvenient to implement; at the same time, there is a problem that the surface micro-protrusion is easy to wear and the solid lubricant is lost quickly.
- Chinese patent CN201510653803 discloses a method for preparing a micro-textured cemented carbide insert, which comprises preparing a micro-texture forming mold through a cubic boron nitride grinding wheel, and then pressing the forming mold to press the cemented carbide powder and vacuum sintering to prepare the micro-texture.
- Carbide tools The method has the complicated process and high difficulty in implementation; and the size of the micro-texture is not too small due to the press forming and demolding process, and the micro-texture size of the method is relatively poor.
- the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that under the dry cutting and micro-lubricating cutting conditions, the knife-to-chip contact interface is insufficiently lubricated and easy to stick to the knife; in the existing tool surface texture composite solid lubricant technology, the solid lubricant is worn out Fast, and the tool does not get a significant debonding effect.
- the invention aims at dry cutting conditions, adopts a laser processing method, and provides a concave-convex composite topography on the surface of the cutter, and is filled with a solid lubricant.
- the concave-convex composite topography has the characteristics of micro-pits and micro-convex, so that the dual effects of solid lubrication and anti-friction and micro-protrusion debonding can be exerted.
- a dam is provided to return a portion of the solid lubricant to the textured area to improve solid lubricant utilization.
- the technical proposal of the invention is: processing the convex and convex composite topography array of the micro convex and concave in the flank or the flank of the tool, and then filling the solid pit lubricant in the pit of the shape and solidifying to form the concave and convex composite texture Special surface compounded with solid lubricant; during the cutting process, the solid lubricant is continuously released from the concave-convex composite morphology, and is transferred by the high-speed flowing chips to form a solid lubricant film at the knife-chip contact interface; The chips of the textured array flow to one side, that is, away from the cutting edge, and a convex dam is provided to block the flow of the solid lubricant powder and to circulate it.
- the tool surface further has a convex dam whose direction is perpendicular to the chip outflow direction; the convex dam blocks the solid lubricant powder from further diffusing toward the distal end of the cutting edge during the cutting process; and returns the solid lubricant to the concave and convex composite texture Zone, the recycling of solid lubricants.
- the tool of the present invention is characterized in that the metal cutting tool is machined with a surface texture morphology, and the surface texture is filled with a solid lubricant, and the surface texture surface is provided on the surface of the cutter on one side of the chip flow direction.
- Convex dam The surface texture topography is a concave-convex composite topography, wherein the concave-convex composite topography is an array having pits centered around the pits and having annular bosses around the pits. It is characterized in that the pit has a diameter of 50 to 500 ⁇ m and a pit depth of 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the annular boss has a height of 1-30 microns and the annular boss has a width of 5-100 microns.
- the surface texture is 50-200 microns from the blade.
- the surface of the tool of the embossed composite texture is filled with a solid lubricant such that the height of the filling of the solid lubricant is flush with the top of the annular boss.
- the convex dam is a strip-shaped protrusion having a height of 50-500 microns and a width of 100-1000 microns.
- the convex dam is perpendicular to the direction in which the chips flow out.
- the number of the convex dams is greater than or equal to one; for two or more convex dams, between the convex dams Parallel settings.
- the area of the surface texture topography includes at least a tool-to-chip contact area and a tool-to-workpiece contact area.
- the surface texture of the surface texture has an area occupancy of 10% to 40%.
- the area of the surface texture morphology is 15%-25%.
- the area of the surface texture morphology is 35%-45%.
- the solid lubricant is a composite of one or more of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, tetraboron nitride or silver solid lubricant.
- the method of the invention firstly performs surface texture processing on the metal cutting tool; then, processing the convex dam on the surface of the tool whose surface texture is located on one side of the chip flow; and then filling the surface texture into the solid lubrication Finally, the solid lubricant is fixed in the micro-texture by sintering.
- the sintering curing temperature is 200-600 ° C, and the curing time is 10-60 minutes.
- the surface texture morphology is obtained by laser beam processing to obtain a concave-convex composite topography and a convex dam morphology;
- the laser is a CO2 laser, a lamp-pumped YAG laser, a diode-pumped YAG laser or a fiber laser; and the laser parameter is an output power of 40-1000 W.
- the amount of defocus is ⁇ 2mm and the pulse width is 0.01-500ms.
- the processing method of the concave-convex composite topography is such that a single laser pulse machining tool surface obtains a concave shape at the center, an annular convex shape around the concave hole, and then changes the radiation position of the laser on the tool surface to the adjacent topography.
- the dots are also processed by a single laser pulse, and the array processing of the concave-convex composite topography is repeated.
- the convex dam is formed by continuous scanning of a laser beam.
- One method of filling the surface texture into the solid lubricant is to fill the concave and convex composite topography with a solid lubricant so that the final filling height of the solid lubricant is equal to the height of the annular boss.
- the second method of filling the surface texture texture into the solid lubricant is to fill the concave and convex composite topography with a solid lubricant, so that the final filling height of the solid lubricant is higher than the height of the annular boss, and the concave-convex composite shape is filled.
- the surface excess solid lubricant is removed by sanding to make the height of the solid lubricant consistent with the height of the annular boss.
- the area occupation ratio of the concave-convex composite texture is the ratio of the area enclosed by the boundary of the concave-convex composite topography to the area of the textured area.
- the pit diameter is the diameter of the largest inscribed circle enclosed by the pit boundary.
- the pit depth is the distance from the deepest of the pit topography to the surface of the base material.
- the annular boss height is the distance from the highest point of the annular boss to the surface of the base material.
- the annular boss width is an average of the radial thickness of the annular boss.
- the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1.
- the cutting force is reduced due to the sufficient supply of the solid lubricant on the surface of the tool; 2.
- the annular boss portion in the concave-convex composite topography forcibly separates the cutter from the chip, and reduces the chip on the blade surface. Bonding to avoid the formation of cutting tumors; 3, due to the reduction of chip adhesion, the surface precision and quality of the workpiece can be improved; 4, compared with the existing cavity or groove composite solid lubricant solution, concave and convex composite topography composite solid
- the surface of the lubricant has good surface bearing properties, so it is suitable for higher cutting speed and cutting depth. 5.
- the dam prevents the solid lubricant from spreading further on the rake face during the cutting process of the tool, so that a part of the solid lubricant Reflowing to the concave-convex composite topography array to realize the recycling of the solid lubricant, and the effective retention time of the solid lubricant is prolonged; 6.
- the solid lubricant is filled on the top of the annular boss, and the annular boss acts as a scale on the surface of the cutter. Used to calibrate the thickness of the part of the solid lubricant layer by sandpaper, and finally control the filling amount of the solid lubricant; Compared with the slip agent solution, the filling volume and filling quality of the solid lubricant are greatly improved, and the filling process is simplified. 7.
- the array of a plurality of different topographies requires different processing processes, and the concave-convex composite topography of the present invention
- the array is formed by pulsed laser once, which simplifies the processing process, and combines the effects of storing solid lubricants and debonding, improving tool friction characteristics and improving tool performance.
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a concave-convex composite topography.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a concave-convex composite topography of a filled solid lubricant.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the surface topography during the cutting process.
- the solid lubricant component does not affect the specific implementation of the present invention, so the type of solid lubricant is not the focus of the present invention, and other solid lubricant types and ratio combinations are within the scope of the present invention;
- the cutting tool has a similar working principle, so the invention is applicable to various types of metal cutting tools, that is, not limited to the outer turning tool; 3, although the laser beam of the same parameters acts on different tool materials, the specific size of the shape is inexhaustible. The same; however, by controlling the key parameters: output power, pulse width, defocus amount, the design topography can still be obtained, so the present invention is applicable to all metal cutting tool materials; 4.
- the embodiment drawings only depict the front The machining plan of the flank does not mean that the method of the invention is only applicable to the rake face of the tool.
- the cutter 10 is a carbide outer turning tool, and the cutting material is an aluminum alloy.
- a fiber laser is selected to output a Gaussian distributed infrared laser.
- the solid lubricant was mixed with 90 wt.% MoS 2 and 10 wt.% polyimide powder.
- step A the surface of the tool 10 is pretreated; the surface to be textured on the tool 10 is polished to have a surface roughness Ra of less than 0.3 ⁇ m.
- step B the composite texture region and density are determined.
- the textured region includes a rake face tool and a chip contact area, and a back surface tool and workpiece contact area.
- the area ratio of the uneven composite texture is 20%.
- step C the metal cutting tool 10 is subjected to texture processing of the concave-convex composite topography.
- the laser parameters are: output power 40-70W, defocusing amount 1mm, pulse width 1.1ms.
- a single concave-convex composite topography is obtained by laser pulse processing of a single of said parameters. The current laser pulse is completed with the surface of the tool, the position of the laser radiation is changed, and the subsequent shape processing is repeated.
- the concave-convex composite topography is characterized in that the center of the topography is a pit 1 having an annular boss 2 around the pit 1; the pit diameter 3 is 70 micrometers, the pit depth 4 is 20 micrometers; the annular boss width 5 is 30 microns, and the error of each of the above dimensions is ⁇ 5 microns.
- the annular boss height 6 is 4-6 microns.
- the number of the convex dams is greater than or equal to one; for two or more convex dams, the convex dams are arranged in parallel.
- step D the metal cutting tool is processed by the convex dam 13.
- the laser parameters are: output power 70-90W, scanning speed 0.1m/min, pulse frequency 1KHz.
- the convex dam 13 is formed by continuous scanning of a laser beam.
- the convex dam 13 is a strip-shaped projection 2 of a certain height which is perpendicular to the direction in which the chips flow out, has a height of 400 ⁇ m and a width of 500 ⁇ m.
- the convex dam 13 hinders further diffusion of the solid lubricant 7 on the rake face during the cutting of the cutter 10, so that a part of the solid lubricant 7 is returned to the concave-convex composite topography array to realize the recycling of the solid lubricant 7.
- Step E filling and sintering the solid lubricant; filling the solid lubricant 7 into the pit 1 of the concave-convex composite topography; solidifying the solid lubricant 7 and the pit 1 by the sintering process; sintering curing temperature 230 ° C, curing time After 30 minutes; after the sintering is completed, the surface excess solid lubricant 7 is removed by sanding.
- the above-mentioned pit diameter 3 is the diameter of the largest inscribed circle surrounded by the boundary of the pit 1.
- the above-mentioned pit depth 4 is the distance from the deepest part of the pit 1 to the surface of the base material.
- the annular boss height 6 is the distance from the highest point of the annular boss 2 to the surface of the base material.
- the annular boss width 5 is an average value of the radial thickness of the annular boss 2.
- the embossed composite texture combined with the solid lubricated tool 10 is suitable for dry cutting conditions.
- the solid lubricant 7 is slowly released from the surface texture to form a solid lubricating film 14, which reduces the friction between the cutter 10 and the chips 12;
- the boss 2 separates the cutter 10 from the chip 12 to prevent the cutting from sticking on the surface of the tool 10; the final effect is that the cutting force, the cutting temperature, the adhesive wear are greatly reduced, and the cutting quality is improved.
- Embodiment 2 The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the filling method in Step E.
- the filling method of the solid lubricant 7 is: filling the surface of the tool of the concave-convex composite texture with the solid lubricant 7 so that the final filling height of the solid lubricant 7 is higher than the height of the annular boss 6, and The outer space filling the concave-convex composite topography, that is, the solid lubricant 7 covers all the topographical features in the textured region.
- the filled surface is smoothed by sandpaper, and part of the solid lubricant 7 is removed, so that the thickness of the solid lubricant 7 layer is equal to the annular boss height 6.
- the above filling method further increases the volume of the solid lubricant 7 carried on the surface of the cutter and increases the surface support ratio.
- the annular boss 2 serves as a scale on the surface of the cutter for calibrating the thickness of the portion 7 of the solid lubricant removed by the sandpaper, and finally controls the filling amount of the solid lubricant 7.
- Embodiment 3 In the embodiment, the cutter 10 is a cemented carbide outer turning tool, and the cutting material is a titanium alloy.
- the difference between the third embodiment and the first and second embodiments is the step B and the step C.
- step B the area occupation ratio of the uneven composite texture is 40%.
- the pit diameter 3 is 50 micrometers, the pit depth 4 is 20 micrometers; the annular boss height 6 is 4 micrometers, and the annular boss width 5 is 15 micrometers.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
- 一种固体润滑的金属切削刀具,其特征在于,在金属切削刀具(10)加工有表面织构形貌,在所述表面织构形貌中填充固体润滑剂(7),在所述表面织构形貌位于切屑流向远离切削刃一侧的刀具表面设有凸坝(13)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述表面织构形貌为凹凸复合形貌,所述凹凸复合形貌为中心为凹坑(1)、围绕所述凹坑(1)具有环状凸台(2)的列阵。
- 根据权利要求2所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述凹坑直径(3)为50-500微米,凹坑深度(4)为10-100微米。
- 根据权利要求3所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述环状凸台高度(6)为1-30微米,环状凸台宽度(5)为5-100微米。
- 根据权利要求2所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述表面织构形貌距离刀刃50-200微米。
- 根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的刀具,其特征在于,向凹凸复合织构的刀具表面填充固体润滑剂(7),使得固体润滑剂(7)的填充的高度与环状凸台(2)顶部平齐。
- 根据权利要求6所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述凸坝(13)为带状凸起(2),所述凸坝(13)的高度50-500微米,宽度100-1000微米。
- 根据权利要求7所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述凸坝(13)与切屑流出方向垂直。
- 根据权利要求7所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述凸坝(13)的个数大于等于1个;对于两个以上的凸坝(13),凸坝(13)之间平行设置。
- 根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述表面织构形貌的区域至少包括刀具与切屑接触区域和刀具与工件接触区域。
- 根据权利要求10所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述表面织构形貌的面积占有率为10%-40%。
- 根据权利要求11所述的刀具,其特征在于,当所述刀具的加工工件为铝合金时,表面织构形貌的面积占有率15%-25%。
- 根据权利要求11所述的刀具,其特征在于,当所述刀具的加工工件为钛合金时,表面织构形貌的面积占有率35%-45%。
- 根据权利要求6所述的刀具,其特征在于,所述固体润滑剂(7)为二硫化钼、石 墨、一氮化四硼或银固体润滑剂中的一种或二种以上的复合。
- 一种加工权利要求1-14任意一项所述的刀具的加工方法,其特征在于,首先对金属切削刀具(10)进行表面织构加工;然后,在所述表面织构形貌位于切屑流向一侧的刀具表面加工凸坝(13);随后向表面织构形貌中填充固体润滑剂(7);最后通过烧结将固体润滑剂(7)固定在微织构形貌中。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述表面织构形貌通过激光束加工获得凹凸复合形貌和凸坝(13)形貌;激光器为CO2激光器、灯泵浦YAG激光器、二极管泵浦YAG激光器或光纤激光器;激光参数为输出功率40-1000W、离焦量±2mm、脉冲宽度0.01-500ms。
- 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述凹凸复合形貌的加工方法为,单个激光脉冲加工刀具表面获得中心为凹坑(1)、围绕所述凹坑(1)具有环状凸台(2)的形貌,然后改变激光在刀具表面辐射位置至相邻形貌点同样用单个激光脉冲加工,重复完成凹凸复合形貌的阵列加工。
- 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述凸坝(13)通过激光束连续扫描形成。
- 根据权利要求15、16、17或18所述的方法,其特征在于,向表面织构形貌中填充固体润滑剂(7)方法为,向凹凸复合形貌的凹坑(1)中填充固体润滑剂(7),使固体润滑剂(7)的最终填充高度等于环状凸台高度(6)。
- 根据权利要求15、16、17或18所述的方法,其特征在于,向表面织构形貌中填充固体润滑剂(7)方法为,向凹凸复合形貌的凹坑(1)中填充固体润滑剂(7),使固体润滑剂(7)的最终填充高度高于环状凸台高度(6),并且填充凹凸复合形貌的凹坑(1)外部空间,将固体润滑剂(7)覆盖表面织构形貌区域内的所有形貌;然后通过砂纸平整填充后的表面,使固体润滑剂(7)层的厚度等于环状凸台高度(6)。
- 根据权利要求15、16、17或18所述的方法,其特征在于,所述烧结固化温度200-600℃,固化时间10-60分钟。
- 根据权利要求15、16、17或18所述的方法,其特征在于,烧结之后,通过砂纸研磨去除表面多余固体润滑剂(7),使固体润滑剂(7)的高度与环状凸台高度(6)一致。
- 根据权利要求15、16、17或18所述的方法,其特征在于,在对金属切削刀具(10)进行表面织构加工之前,对刀具10表面预处理;对刀具10上待织构加工面进行抛光处理,使刀具10表面测粗糙度Ra小于0.3微米。
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US20190061010A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
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