WO2017221724A1 - 液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017221724A1 WO2017221724A1 PCT/JP2017/021279 JP2017021279W WO2017221724A1 WO 2017221724 A1 WO2017221724 A1 WO 2017221724A1 JP 2017021279 W JP2017021279 W JP 2017021279W WO 2017221724 A1 WO2017221724 A1 WO 2017221724A1
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- 0 *NC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C Chemical compound *NC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C 0.000 description 2
- DAWASSOYJAUGDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C Chemical compound CCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C DAWASSOYJAUGDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHJODTFLSWNRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCNC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C Chemical compound CCCNC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C YHJODTFLSWNRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXCIDODFJSLGGQ-BHTVJVQFSA-N CCCNC(CCC1C(CC2)CCC2/C=C/C)CC1C(CC(CC)C(C1)C(C2)C(C)CCC2C(CC2)CCC2/C=C/C)C1C(CC1)CCC1/C=C/C Chemical compound CCCNC(CCC1C(CC2)CCC2/C=C/C)CC1C(CC(CC)C(C1)C(C2)C(C)CCC2C(CC2)CCC2/C=C/C)C1C(CC1)CCC1/C=C/C RXCIDODFJSLGGQ-BHTVJVQFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element.
- TN twisted Nematic
- STN super twisted nematic
- VA vertical alignment
- TFT thin film transistor
- IPS in-plane switching
- FFS far field switching
- Liquid crystal display elements widely used in PC monitors and the like include TN type and STN type
- display methods of liquid crystal display elements widely used in liquid crystal TVs and the like include VA type and IPS type.
- Examples of a display method of a liquid crystal display element widely used in tablets and tablets include an IPS type and an FFS type. In all these driving methods, there is a demand for liquid crystal display elements that exhibit low-voltage driving, high-speed response, and a wide operating temperature range.
- liquid crystal display elements driven with low power consumption are attracting attention due to the recent social circumstances of energy saving promotion and the spread of smartphones.
- low frequency driving for reducing the driving frequency of the liquid crystal display element from the standard state and intermittent driving for providing a rest period after writing for one frame period are proposed.
- flickering occurs particularly when the frame period is changed, resulting in a problem that display quality is deteriorated.
- the cause of such flicker is considered to be complicatedly related to various factors such as flicker caused by flexographic polarization of liquid crystal molecules and flicker caused by leakage current.
- the flicker caused by flexopolarization will be described as an example.
- the liquid crystal display element changes with time in display characteristics due to charge-up. Inverted frame drive is common.
- the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled based only on the potential difference between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode.
- the liquid crystal molecules are reversely polarized because a strong electric field acts on the edge of the pixel electrode.
- this polarization (flexo polarization) reacts instantaneously, and flicker occurs due to luminance fluctuations.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reducing flicker caused by flexopolarization.
- the luminance amplitude of both the symmetric component and the antisymmetric component is reduced by setting the absolute value of the flexo coefficients (e11, e33) of the liquid crystal used in the liquid crystal display element to 1.6 pC / m or less. It is disclosed that flicker can be reduced.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for reducing flicker caused by TFT leakage current.
- a numerical range of off-leakage current and a numerical range of resistivity of a liquid crystal or alignment film used for a liquid crystal display element are respectively defined, and when the numerical range is established in a predetermined relationship, It is disclosed that luminance fluctuation can be reduced.
- the liquid crystal composition is a mixture of two components, a compound having a negative dielectric anisotropy (polar component) and a compound having a neutral dielectric anisotropy (nonpolar component), and the entire liquid crystal composition
- polar component a compound having a negative dielectric anisotropy
- nonpolar component a compound having a neutral dielectric anisotropy
- the liquid crystal compound that actually contributes to flexopolarization is a compound having a negative dielectric anisotropy (polar component) in the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal layer as in Patent Document 1 above.
- the current situation is that the molecular polarization cannot be averaged as theoretically, and the effect of reducing and suppressing the flicker is not exhibited.
- Patent Document 2 described above, if the absolute value of the luminance change rate in one frame is reduced to 0.03 or less, flicker is not visually recognized, and compensation is performed by an increase in luminance due to impedance mismatch between the liquid crystal and the alignment film.
- the cause of flicker in the off-leakage current itself is not only complicatedly related to various factors, but the above cited reference 2 only defines the relationship between the resistance and capacitance of the liquid crystal and the resistance and capacitance of the alignment film, and is used for the liquid crystal layer. Since no consideration is given to the characteristics and types of the compound used and the decrease in the voltage holding ratio of the liquid crystal layer, the effect of reducing and suppressing flicker is not exhibited.
- the liquid crystal display device also has a problem due to deterioration over time of the liquid crystal layer because light is always irradiated from the backlight.
- an aspect of the present invention aims to achieve both low power consumption driving and flicker reduction / suppression with a liquid crystal layer including a liquid crystal composition including a liquid crystal compound exhibiting a specific negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal display device achieves both low power consumption driving and flicker reduction / suppression.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows typically an example of a structure of the liquid crystal display element (liquid crystal display part) of this invention. It is the figure which shows typically the structure of the electrode layer 3 of a liquid crystal display part, and is the schematic diagram which showed the pixel part with the equivalent circuit. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the electrode layer 3 of a liquid crystal display part, and is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the shape of a pixel electrode. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the electrode layer 3 of a liquid crystal display part, and is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the shape of a pixel electrode.
- FIG. 5 is another example of a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line III-III in FIG. 3 or FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the IPS liquid crystal display unit shown in FIG. 1 cut in the direction of line III-III in FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows typically the structure of the liquid crystal display part of a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n columns.
- FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating one mode of change over time of rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n columns.
- FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating one mode of change over time in rewriting of image signals in pixel electrodes of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns.
- FIG. 13A is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n columns.
- FIG. 13B is a diagram illustrating one mode of change over time of rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns.
- the first of the present invention is filled between the first transparent substrate, the second transparent substrate opposed to the first transparent substrate, and the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.
- the liquid crystal composition has the following general formula (i):
- R i1 and R i2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and one or non-adjacent two or more —CH 2 — in the alkyl group are each independently Optionally substituted by —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—,
- a i1 and A i2 are each independently (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene group (this is present in the group one -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - is -O
- (C) represents a group selected from the group consisting of 1,4-cyclohexenylene groups, and the groups (a), (b) and (c) are each independently a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- Z i1 and Z i2 each independently represents a single bond, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 O—, —CH 2 CH 2 — or —CF 2 CF 2 —.
- m i1 and m i2 each independently represents an integer of 0 to 3, but m i1 + m i2 each independently represents 1, 2 or 3, and a plurality of A i1 to A i2 and Z i1 to Z i2 If present, they may be the same or different.
- the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention preferably has a liquid crystal display unit (so-called liquid crystal panel) and a display processing unit.
- the liquid crystal display unit seals a liquid crystal layer between a driving substrate in which a driving circuit including a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor is provided for each pixel and a counter substrate, as will be described with reference to FIGS. It is a thing.
- the display processing unit performs processing such as frame rate conversion on the video signal, and controls the backlight and the liquid crystal display unit according to the processing result.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display unit of a liquid crystal display element.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 according to the present invention includes a first (transparent insulating) substrate (also referred to as a transparent substrate) 2 and a second (transparent insulating) substrate 7 which are disposed to face each other.
- a liquid crystal display element which has a liquid-crystal composition (or liquid-crystal layer 5) pinched
- the first (transparent insulating) substrate 2 has an electrode layer 3 formed on the surface on the liquid crystal layer 5 side.
- an alignment film 4 is provided between the liquid crystal layer 5 and each of the first (transparent insulating) substrate 2 and the second (transparent insulating) substrate 7, and when the voltage is not applied by the alignment film 4.
- Liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal composition can be aligned in a predetermined direction with respect to the recording substrates 2 and 7.
- a pixel electrode (not shown) and a common electrode (not shown) are provided on the first substrate 2 side as the electrode layer 3, but the pixel electrode is provided on the first substrate 2, A common electrode may be provided on the second substrate 7.
- FIG. 1 shows a mode in which the second substrate 7 and the first substrate 2 are sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates 1 and 8, but the position where the polarizing plates 1 and 8 are provided is limited to this figure. It doesn't mean.
- a color filter 6 is provided between the second substrate 7 and the alignment film 4.
- the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention may be a so-called color filter on array (COA), or a color filter 6 may be provided between the electrode layer 3 and the liquid crystal phase 5, or the electrode layer.
- a color filter may be provided between 3 and the first substrate 2.
- an overcoat layer (not shown) may be provided so as to cover the color filter layer 6 to prevent a substance contained in the color filter layer from flowing out to the liquid crystal layer.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes the first substrate 2 or the second substrate.
- the alignment film 4 may be formed on at least one of the substrates 7. For example, when the alignment film 4 is formed between the liquid crystal layer 5 and the first substrate 2 so as to contact the liquid crystal layer 5 on the first substrate 2, the other liquid crystal layer 5 and the second substrate 2 An alignment film may not be provided between the substrate 7 and the substrate 7.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 includes a first substrate 2, an electrode layer 3, an alignment film 4, a liquid crystal layer 5 containing a liquid crystal composition, an alignment film 4, a color filter 6, It is preferable to include a configuration in which two substrates 7 are sequentially stacked.
- the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 can be made of a flexible material such as glass or plastic, at least one of which is a transparent material and the other is a transparent material.
- An opaque material such as The two substrates are bonded together by a sealing material and a sealing material such as an epoxy thermosetting composition disposed in the peripheral region, and in order to maintain the distance between the substrates, for example, glass particles, Spacer columns made of granular spacers such as plastic particles and alumina particles or a resin formed by photolithography may be arranged.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a structure diagram of the electrode layer 3 of the liquid crystal display unit. More specifically, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the pixel portion in an equivalent circuit, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show the shape of the pixel electrode. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example. 2 to 4, as an example of the present embodiment, an FFS type liquid crystal display element including a liquid crystal display unit including pixels arranged in a mesh pattern.
- a liquid crystal display device is driven by providing a backlight as illumination means for illuminating the liquid crystal display unit from the back side. Examples of the light source of the backlight include those using a light emitting diode or a cold cathode tube.
- the electrode layer 3 includes a common electrode and a plurality of pixel electrodes.
- the pixel electrode is disposed on the common electrode via an insulating layer (for example, silicon nitride (SiN)).
- the pixel electrode is disposed for each display pixel, and a slit-shaped opening is formed.
- the common electrode and the pixel electrode are transparent electrodes formed of, for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), and the electrode layer 3 has a gate bus line GBL (extending along a row in which a plurality of display pixels are arranged in the display portion.
- GBL1, GBL2,... GBLm a source bus line SBL (SBL1, SBL2,...
- a thin film transistor is provided as a pixel switch.
- the gate electrode of the thin film transistor is electrically connected to the corresponding gate bus line GBL, and the source electrode of the thin film transistor is electrically connected to the corresponding signal line SBL. Further, the drain electrode of the thin film transistor is electrically connected to the corresponding pixel electrode.
- the electrode layer 3 includes a gate driver and a source driver as driving means for driving a plurality of display pixels, and the gate driver and the source driver are arranged around the liquid crystal display unit.
- the plurality of gate bus lines are electrically connected to the output terminal of the gate driver, and the plurality of source bus lines are electrically connected to the output terminal of the source driver.
- the gate driver sequentially applies an ON voltage to the plurality of gate bus lines, and supplies the ON voltage to the gate electrode of the thin film transistor electrically connected to the selected gate bus line. Conduction is established between the source and drain electrodes of the thin film transistor in which the ON voltage is supplied to the gate electrode.
- the source driver supplies an output signal corresponding to each of the plurality of source bus lines. The signal supplied to the source bus line is applied to the corresponding pixel electrode through a thin film transistor in which the source and drain electrodes are electrically connected.
- the operations of the gate driver and the source driver are controlled by a display processing unit (also referred to as a control circuit) arranged outside the liquid crystal display element.
- the display processing unit has a low frequency driving function and an intermittent driving function for reducing driving power in addition to normal driving, and is an LSI for driving a gate bus line of a TFT liquid crystal panel. It controls the operation of a gate driver and the operation of a source driver which is an LSI for driving the source bus line of a TFT liquid crystal panel.
- the common voltage V COM is supplied to the common electrode to control the operation of the backlight.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a comb-shaped pixel electrode as an example of the shape of the pixel electrode, and is an enlarged plan view of a region surrounded by the II line of the electrode layer 3 formed on the substrate 2 in FIG. .
- the electrode layer 3 including a thin film transistor formed on the surface of the first substrate 2 includes a plurality of gate bus lines 26 for supplying scanning signals and a plurality of gate bus lines 26 for supplying display signals.
- the source bus lines 25 are arranged in a matrix so as to cross each other.
- a unit pixel of the liquid crystal display device is formed by a region surrounded by the plurality of gate bus lines 26 and the plurality of source bus lines 25, and a pixel electrode 21 and a common electrode 22 are formed in the unit pixel. ing.
- a thin film transistor including a source electrode 27, a drain electrode 24, and a gate electrode 28 is provided in the vicinity of the intersection where the gate bus line 26 and the source bus line 25 intersect each other.
- the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 21 as a switch element that supplies a display signal to the pixel electrode 21.
- a common line 29 is provided in parallel with the gate bus line 26.
- the common line 29 is connected to the common electrode 22 in order to supply a common signal to the common electrode 22.
- a common electrode 22 is formed on the back surface of the pixel electrode 21 through an insulating layer 18 (not shown).
- the shortest separation distance between the adjacent common electrode and the pixel electrode is shorter than the shortest separation distance (cell gap) between the alignment layers.
- the surface of the pixel electrode is preferably covered with a protective insulating film and an alignment film layer.
- a storage capacitor 23 for storing a display signal supplied through the source bus line 25 may be provided in a region surrounded by the plurality of gate bus lines 26 and the plurality of source bus lines 25.
- FIG. 4 is a modification of FIG. 3 and shows a slit-shaped pixel electrode as an example of the shape of the pixel electrode.
- the pixel electrode 21 shown in FIG. 4 has a substantially rectangular flat plate electrode cut out at the center and both ends of the flat plate with a triangular cutout, and the other portions are cut out in a substantially rectangular frame shape.
- the shape is hollowed out at the part.
- the shape of the notch is not particularly limited, and a notch having a known shape such as an ellipse, a circle, a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, or a parallelogram can be used.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 only a pair of gate bus lines 26 and a pair of source bus lines 25 in one pixel are shown.
- FIG. 6 is one example of a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 1 cut along the line III-III in FIG. 3 or FIG.
- the first substrate 2 having the alignment layer 4 and the electrode layer 3 including the thin film transistor formed on the surface thereof is separated from the second substrate 7 having the alignment layer 4 formed on the surface so that the alignment layers face each other with a predetermined gap G.
- This space is filled with a liquid crystal layer 5 containing a liquid crystal composition.
- a gate insulating film 12, a common electrode 22, an insulating film 18, a pixel electrode 21, and an alignment layer 4 are sequentially stacked on a part of the surface of the first substrate 2.
- a preferred embodiment of the structure of the thin film transistor is, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, provided to cover the gate electrode 11 formed on the surface of the substrate 2 and the gate electrode 11 and cover the substantially entire surface of the substrate 2.
- a source electrode 17 which covers the film 14 and the other side end of the semiconductor layer 13 and is in contact with the gate insulating layer 12 formed on the surface of the substrate 2;
- An anodic oxide film may be formed on the surface of the gate electrode 11 for reasons such as eliminating a step with the gate electrode.
- the common electrode 22 is a flat electrode formed on almost the entire surface of the gate insulating layer 12, while the pixel electrode 21 is an insulating protective layer 18 covering the common electrode 22. It is a comb-shaped electrode formed on the top. That is, the common electrode 22 is disposed at a position closer to the first substrate 2 than the pixel electrode 21, and these electrodes are disposed so as to overlap each other via the insulating protective layer 18.
- the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), IZTO (Indium Zinc Tin Oxide), and the like. Since the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed of a transparent conductive material, the area opened by the unit pixel area increases, and the aperture ratio and transmittance increase.
- the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 have an interelectrode distance (also referred to as a minimum separation distance) R between the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 in order to form a fringe electric field between these electrodes. It is formed to be smaller than the thickness G of the liquid crystal layer 5 between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7.
- the inter-electrode distance R represents the distance in the horizontal direction on the substrate between the electrodes.
- the FFS type liquid crystal display element can use a horizontal electric field formed in a direction perpendicular to a line forming the comb shape of the pixel electrode 21 and a parabolic electric field.
- the electrode width of the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 21: l and the width of the gap of the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 21: m are such that all the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5 can be driven by the generated electric field. It is preferable to form.
- the minimum separation distance R between the pixel electrode and the common electrode can be adjusted as the (average) film thickness of the gate insulating film 12.
- the configuration of the IPS liquid crystal display element is a structure in which an electrode layer 3 (including a common electrode, a pixel electrode, and a TFT) is provided on one substrate as in the FFS type of FIG. Plate 1, first substrate 2, electrode layer 3, alignment film 4, liquid crystal layer 5 containing a liquid crystal composition, alignment film 4, color filter 6, second substrate 7, and second The polarizing plates 8 are sequentially laminated.
- an electrode layer 3 including a common electrode, a pixel electrode, and a TFT
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a part of the region surrounded by the II line of the electrode layer 3 formed on the first substrate 2 of FIG. 1 in the IPS type liquid crystal display unit.
- a comb-tooth shape is formed in a region (in a unit pixel) surrounded by a plurality of gate bus lines 26 for supplying scanning signals and a plurality of source bus lines 25 for supplying display signals.
- the first electrode (for example, pixel electrode) 21 and the comb-shaped second electrode (for example, common electrode) 22 are loosely engaged with each other (the two electrodes are spaced apart and meshed with each other while maintaining a certain distance). Is provided).
- a thin film transistor including a source electrode 27, a drain electrode 24, and a gate electrode 28 is provided in the vicinity of an intersection where the gate bus line 26 and the source bus line 25 intersect each other.
- the thin film transistor is connected to the first electrode 21 as a switch element that supplies a display signal to the first electrode 21.
- a common line (V com ) 29 is provided in parallel with the gate bus line 26. The common line 29 is connected to the second electrode 22 in order to supply a common signal to the second electrode 22.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the IPS liquid crystal display section shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line III-III in FIG.
- a gate insulating layer 32 is provided so as to cover the gate bus line 26 (not shown) and to cover substantially the entire surface of the first substrate 2, and on the surface of the gate insulating layer 32.
- the formed insulating protective layer 31 is provided, and on the insulating protective film 31, a first electrode (pixel electrode) 21 and a second electrode (common electrode) 22 are provided separately.
- the insulating protective layer 31 is a layer having an insulating function, and is formed of silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride film, or the like.
- the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are comb-shaped electrodes formed on the insulating protective layer 31, that is, on the same layer, and are separated from each other. And are engaged with each other.
- the interelectrode distance G between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 ( Cell gap): H satisfies the relationship G ⁇ H.
- the distance between electrodes: G represents the shortest distance in the horizontal direction with respect to the substrate between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22.
- the first electrode 21 is used.
- the distance H between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 represents the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7, specifically, the first The distance (namely, cell gap) between the alignment films 4 (outermost surfaces) provided on each of the substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer are represented.
- the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 is between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22.
- the IPS liquid crystal display unit is less than the shortest distance in the horizontal direction with respect to the substrate, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 is the same as that of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode. More than the shortest distance in the horizontal direction with respect to the substrate between the electrodes 22. Therefore, the difference between IPS and FFS does not depend on the positional relationship between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 in the thickness direction.
- the IPS liquid crystal display element drives liquid crystal molecules by using an electric field in a horizontal direction with respect to a substrate surface formed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22.
- the electrode width Q of the first electrode 21 and the electrode width R of the second electrode 22 are preferably formed such that all the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5 can be driven by the generated electric field.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display unit of a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element. Further, in FIG. 8, for convenience of explanation, each component is illustrated separately.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view of a region surrounded by the II line of the electrode layer 3 (or also referred to as the thin film transistor layer 3) including the thin film transistor formed on the substrate in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line III-III in FIG.
- the configuration of the liquid crystal display element 10 according to the present invention includes a second substrate 7 provided with a transparent electrode (layer) 3 ′ (also referred to as a common electrode 3 ′) made of a transparent conductive material as shown in FIG. And a first substrate 2 including an electrode layer 3 on which a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor for controlling the pixel electrode included in each pixel are formed, and the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7.
- the liquid crystal composition is characterized in that the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is used. As shown in FIGS.
- the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 7 may be sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates 1 and 8. Further, in FIG. 8, a color filter 6 is provided between the second substrate 7 and the common electrode 3 '. Further, a pair of alignment films 4 are formed on the surfaces of the transparent electrodes (layers) 3 and 3 ′ so as to be in direct contact with the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal layer 5 adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 5 according to the present invention. Also good.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an inverted L-shaped pixel electrode as an example of the shape of the pixel electrode 21, and an area surrounded by the II line of the electrode layer 3 formed on the substrate 2 in FIG. 8 is enlarged. It is a top view. 3 and 4, the pixel electrode 21 is formed in an inverted L shape on substantially the entire surface surrounded by the gate bus line 26 and the source bus line 25.
- the shape of the pixel electrode is as follows. It is not limited.
- the liquid crystal display part of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element is formed with a common electrode 22 (not shown) facing and separating from the pixel electrode 21.
- the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed on different substrates.
- the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are formed on the same substrate.
- the color filter 6 is preferably formed with a black matrix (not shown) in a portion corresponding to the thin film transistor and the storage capacitor 23 from the viewpoint of preventing light leakage.
- the liquid crystal display element 10 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 8 taken along the line III-III in FIG. That is, the liquid crystal display element 10 according to the present invention includes a first polarizing plate 1, a first substrate 2, an electrode layer (or also referred to as a thin film transistor layer) 3 including a thin film transistor, an alignment film 4, and a liquid crystal composition.
- the layer 5 including the alignment layer 4, the common electrode 3 ′, the color filter 6, the second substrate 7, and the first polarizing plate 8 are sequentially stacked.
- a preferred embodiment of the structure of the thin film transistor (region IV in FIG. 10) of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention is as described above, and is omitted here.
- the liquid crystal layer according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal composition containing one or more compounds represented by the general formula (i).
- the liquid crystal composition is preferably a nematic liquid crystal composition.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention has a component having a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) ( ⁇ 2> ⁇ ) and a neutral dielectric anisotropy (( ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2)). It is preferable to have a component.
- the dielectrically negative compound of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention as in the compound represented by the general formula (i), has a ring structure in the molecule composed of a 6-membered ring and has a difluorobenzene group as an essential component.
- the structure Compared to a compound such as a condensed ring structure, the structure has high reliability and is easy to maintain the initial characteristics for long-time backlight irradiation, thus reducing the occurrence of flicker even after long-time backlight irradiation. It is thought that it is done.
- C represents a group selected from the group consisting of 1,4-cyclohexenylene groups, and the groups (a), (b) and (c) are each independently a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably a compound having a negative ⁇ and an absolute value larger than 3.
- R i1 and R i2 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Groups are preferred.
- the ring structure to which R i1 and R i2 are bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic)
- a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- An alkoxy group and an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred
- the ring structure to which R i1 and R i2 are bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran and dioxane
- An alkyl group having ⁇ 5, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferable.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure.)
- a i1 and A i2 are preferably aromatic when it is required to independently increase ⁇ n, and are preferably aliphatic to improve the response speed, and trans-1,4 -Cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 2, It preferably represents a 3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, a piperidine-1,4-diyl group, and more preferably represents the following structure,
- it represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group.
- Z i1 and Z i2 are each independently -CH 2 O -, - CF 2 O -, - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CF 2 CF 2 - or preferably a single bond, -CH 2 O-, —CH 2 CH 2 — or a single bond is more preferable, —CH 2 O— or a single bond is particularly preferable.
- n i1 + n i2 is preferably 1 or 2, a combination in which n i1 is 1 and n i2 is 0, a combination in which n i1 is 2 and n i2 is 0, n i1 is 1 and n i2 is 1 A combination is preferred, where n i1 is 2 and n i2 is 1.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (i) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40 %, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, 79%, 75%, 65%, 55%, 45% 35%, 25%, 20%.
- the compounds represented by the following general formulas (N-1a) to (N-1f) can be given as preferable compounds represented by the general formula (i).
- the compound represented by formula (i) according to the present invention is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas (N-1a) to (N-1f). Preferably there is.
- R N11 and R N12 are as defined R N11 and R N12 in the general formula (i), n Na11 represents 0 or 1, n NB11 represents 0 or 1, n NC11 is 0 or 1, n Nd11 represents 1 or 2, n Ne11 represents 1 or 2, n Nf11 represents 0 or 1, n Nf12 represents 0 or 1, n nf11 + n Nf12 represents 1 or 2 .
- the lower limit value is preferably low and the upper limit value is preferably low.
- the above lower limit value is preferably low and the upper limit value is preferably low.
- the above lower limit value is increased and the upper limit value is high.
- the compound represented by the general formula (i) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the following general formulas (N-1-1) to (N-1-21). Is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-1) is the following compound.
- R N111 and R N112 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N111 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably a propyl group or a pentyl group.
- RN112 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-1) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-1) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, and 28% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6% %, 5%, 3%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-1) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-1.1) to the formula (N-1-1.14).
- it is a compound represented by the formulas (N-1-1.1) to (N-1-1.4), and the formula (N-1-1.1) and the formula (N
- the compound represented by -1-1.3) is preferable.
- the compounds represented by the formulas (N-1-1.1) to (N-1-1.4) can be used alone or in combination.
- the lower limit of the preferred content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23% 25% 27% 30% 33% 35%
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, and 28% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6% %, 5%, 3%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-2) is the following compound.
- R N121 and R N122 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- RN121 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group or a pentyl group.
- RN122 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and includes a methyl group, a propyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, or a propoxy group. preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-2) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 7%, 10%, 13% 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 37% 40% and 42%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 50%, 48%, 45%, 43%, 40%, 38%, and 35% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10% %, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-2) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-2.1) to the formula (N-1-2.13).
- the compound represented by (N-1-2.13) is preferable, and when importance is placed on the improvement of ⁇ , the formula (N-1-2.3) to the formula (N-1-2.7) in the compounds represented, when emphasizing improvements in T NI formula (N-1-2.10), formula (N-1-2.11) and formula (N-1-2.13) It is preferable that it is a compound represented by these.
- the compounds represented by the formula (N-1-2.1) to the formula (N-1-2.13) can be used alone or in combination.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount of is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23 %, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, and 35%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, and 28% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6% %, 5%, 3%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-3) is the following compound.
- R N131 and R N132 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N131 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N132 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-3) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-3) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-3.1) to the formula (N-1-3.11).
- it is a compound represented by the formulas (N-1-3.1) to (N-1-3.7), and the formula (N-1-3.1) and the formula (N -1-3.2), formula (N-1-3.3), formula (N-1-3.4) and compounds represented by formula (N-1-3.6) are preferred.
- the compounds represented by formula (N-1-3.1) to formula (N-1-3.4) and formula (N-1-3.6) may be used alone or in combination. Is possible, but the combination of formula (N-1-3.1) and formula (N-1-3.2), formula (N-1-3.3), formula (N-1-3.4) ) And a combination of two or three selected from formula (N-1-3.6) are preferred.
- the lower limit of the preferred content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20% %.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-4) is the following compound.
- R N141 and R N142 each independently represents the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in the general formula (N).
- R N141 and R N142 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms carbon atoms 4-5 preferably a methyl group, a propyl group, an ethoxy Group or butoxy group is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-4) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 3%, 5%, 7%, 10% 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, 13%, 11%, 10%, and 8%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-4) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-4.1) to the formula (N-1-4.14).
- it is a compound represented by the formulas (N-1-4.1) to (N-1-4.4), and the formula (N-1-4.1) and the formula (N
- the compound represented by -1-4.2) is preferable.
- the compounds represented by formulas (N-1-4.1) to (N-1-4.4) can be used singly or in combination, but the compounds of the present invention
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount is 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17% And 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, 13%, 11%, 10%, and 8%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-5) is the following compound.
- R N151 and R N152 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N151 and R N152 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group. Is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-5) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 8%, 10%, 13% 15%, 17%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, and 20% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 18%, 15% and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-5) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-5.1) to the formula (N-1-5.6). It is preferable that a compound represented by the formula (N-1-3.2 and the formula (N-1-3.4) is preferable.
- the compounds represented by formula (N-1-3.2) and formula (N-1-3.4) can be used alone or in combination.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount is 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%
- the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, and 23% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. Yes, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-10) is the following compound.
- R N1101 and R N1102 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N1101 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1102 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-10) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-10) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-10) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-10.1) to the formula (N-1-10.11).
- it is a compound represented by the formulas (N-1-10.1) to (N-1-10.5), and the formula (N-1-10.1) and the formula (N
- the compound represented by (1-10.2) is preferable.
- the compounds represented by the formula (N-1-10.1) and the formula (N-1-10.2) can be used alone or in combination.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-11) is the following compound.
- R N1111 and R N1112 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N1111 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1112 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-11) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-11) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-11) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (N-1-11.1) to the formula (N-1-11.15).
- it is a compound represented by the formulas (N-1-11.1) to (N-1-11.15), and is preferably a compound represented by the formula (N-1-11.2) or the formula (N-- The compound represented by 1-11.4) is preferable.
- the compounds represented by the formula (N-1-11.2) and the formula (N-1-11.4) can be used alone or in combination.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds alone or with respect to the total amount is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-12) is the following compound.
- R N1121 and R N1122 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- RN1121 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- RN1122 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-12) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-12) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-13) is the following compound.
- R N1131 and R N1132 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N1131 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1132 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-13) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-13) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-14) is the following compound.
- R N1141 and R N1142 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in formula (N).
- R N1141 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1142 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-14) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-14) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-15) is the following compound.
- R N1151 and R N1152 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- RN1151 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1152 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-15) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-15) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-16) is the following compound.
- R N1161 and R N1162 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N).
- R N1161 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1162 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-16) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-16) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-17) is the following compound.
- R N1171 and R N1172 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N)).
- RN1171 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1172 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-17) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-17) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-18) is the following compound.
- R N1181 and R N1182 each independently represent the same meaning as R N11 and R N12 in General Formula (N)).
- RN1181 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- R N1182 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, or a butoxy group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-18) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-18) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-20) is the following compound.
- R N1201 and R N1202 each independently represent the same meaning as R i1 and R i2 in formula (i)).
- R N1201 and R N1202 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-20) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-20) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-21) is the following compound.
- R N1211 and R N1212 each independently represent the same meaning as R i1 and R i2 in formula (i)).
- R N1211 and R N1212 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-21) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (N-1-21) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15% 17% and 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, and 18% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 15%, and 13%.
- composition of the present invention preferably contains one or more compounds represented by the general formula (L).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L) corresponds to a dielectrically neutral compound ( ⁇ value is ⁇ 2 to 2).
- R L1 and R L2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkyl group are each independently Optionally substituted by —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, n L1 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3,
- a L1 , A L2 and A L3 each independently represent (a) a 1,4-cyclohexylene group (one —CH 2 — present in the group or two or more —CH 2 — not adjacent to each other).
- n L1 is 2 or 3
- a plurality of A L2 are present, they may be the same or different, and when n L1 is 2 or 3, and
- the compound represented by general formula (L) may be used independently, it can also be used in combination.
- the types of compounds that can be combined but they are used in appropriate combinations according to desired properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L) is low-temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, image sticking, It is necessary to appropriately adjust according to required performance such as dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40 %, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95%, 85%, 75%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, and 25%.
- the above lower limit value is preferably high and the upper limit value is preferably high. Furthermore, when the composition of the present invention maintains a high Tni and requires a composition having good temperature stability, the above lower limit value is preferably high and the upper limit value is preferably high. Further, when it is desired to increase the dielectric anisotropy in order to keep the driving voltage low, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is lowered and the upper limit value is low.
- R L1 and R L2 are preferably both alkyl groups, and when importance is placed on reducing the volatility of the compound, it is preferably an alkoxy group, and importance is placed on viscosity reduction. In this case, at least one is preferably an alkenyl group.
- the number of halogen atoms present in the molecule is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1, and 1 is preferred when importance is attached to compatibility with other liquid crystal molecules.
- R L1 and R L2 are each a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms when the ring structure to which R L1 is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic).
- a phenyl group aromatic
- Alkyl groups, linear alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and linear alkenyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred.
- the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, if present, is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.
- the alkenyl group is preferably selected from groups represented by any of the formulas (R1) to (R5). (The black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure.)
- n L1 is preferably 0 when importance is attached to the response speed, 2 or 3 is preferred for improving the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase, and 1 is preferred for balancing these. In order to satisfy the properties required for the composition, it is preferable to combine compounds having different values.
- a L1 , A L2, and A L3 are preferably aromatic when it is required to increase ⁇ n, and are preferably aliphatic for improving the response speed, and are each independently trans- 1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group 1,4-cyclohexenylene group and piperidine-1,4-diyl group are preferable, and the following structure is more preferable.
- it represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group.
- Z L1 and Z L2 are preferably single bonds when the response speed is important.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L) preferably has 0 or 1 halogen atom in the molecule.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L) according to the present invention may be one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formulas (L-1) to (L-7). preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is the following compound.
- R L11 and R L12 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in the general formula (L).
- R L11 and R L12 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. .
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, and 15% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, and 55%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, based on the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%.
- the above lower limit value is preferably high and the upper limit value is preferably high. Furthermore, when the composition of the present invention requires a high Tni and a composition having good temperature stability, it is preferable that the lower limit value is moderate and the upper limit value is moderate. When it is desired to increase the dielectric anisotropy in order to keep the driving voltage low, it is preferable that the lower limit value is low and the upper limit value is low.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-1).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1-1) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (L-1-1.1) to the formula (L-1-1.3). And is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-1-1.2) or formula (L-1-1.3), and particularly represented by formula (L-1-1.3). It is preferable that it is a compound.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-1.3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, and 6% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 5%, 3%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-2).
- R L12 represents the same meaning as in general formula (L-1).
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 35%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 42%, 40%, and 38% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 35%, 33%, and 30%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1-2) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (L-1-2.1) to the formula (L-1-2.4).
- it is a compound represented by the formula (L-1-2.2) to the formula (L-1-2.4).
- the compound represented by the formula (L-1-2.2) is preferable because the response speed of the composition of the present invention is particularly improved.
- it is preferable to use a compound represented by the formula (L-1-2.3) or the formula (L-1-2.4).
- the content of the compounds represented by formula (L-1-2.3) and formula (L-1-2.4) is not preferably 30% or more in order to improve the solubility at low temperatures.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-2.2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 10%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 38%, and 40%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 43%, 40%, and 38% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 35%, 32%, 30%, 27%, 25%, and 22%.
- the lower limit of the preferable total content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-1.3) and the compound represented by the formula (L-1-2.2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention The values are 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 35% and 40%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 43%, 40%, and 38% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 35%, 32%, 30%, 27%, 25%, and 22%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-3).
- R L13 and R L14 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R L13 and R L14 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. .
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 5%, 10%, 13% 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 30%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 37%, and 35% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 33%, 30%, 27%, 25%, 23%, 23%, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 10% %.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1-3) is a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (L-1-3.1) to the formula (L-1-3.12).
- the compound represented by the formula (L-1-3.1) is preferable because the response speed of the composition of the present invention is particularly improved. Further, when obtaining Tni higher than the response speed, the equation (L-1-3.3), the equation (L-1-3.4), the equation (L-1-3.11), and the equation (L ⁇ It is preferable to use a compound represented by 1-3.12). Sum of compounds represented by formula (L-1-3.3), formula (L-1-3.4), formula (L-1-3.11) and formula (L-1-3.12) The content of is not preferably 20% or more in order to improve the solubility at low temperatures.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-3.1) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, and 7% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % And 6%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-4) and / or (L-1-5).
- R L15 and R L16 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R L15 and R L16 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. .
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 5%, 10%, 13% 15%, 17%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 25%, 23%, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, and 10% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 5%, 10%, 13% 15%, 17%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 25%, 23%, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, and 10% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (L-1-4) and (L-1-5) are represented by the formulas (L-1-4.1) to (L-1-5.3).
- a compound represented by the formula (L-1-4.2) or the formula (L-1-5.2) is preferable.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-1-4.2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, and 7% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. % And 6%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-2) is the following compound.
- R L21 and R L22 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in the general formula (L).
- R L21 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R L22 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkoxy group of 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-1) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% 7% and 10%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, and 6% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 5%, 3%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-2) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formulas (L-2.1) to (L-2.6).
- a compound represented by formula (L-2.1), formula (L-2.3), formula (L-2.4) and formula (L-2.6) is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-3) is the following compound.
- R L31 and R L32 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in General Formula (L).
- R L31 and R L32 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-3) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-3) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% 7% and 10%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, and 6% with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention. %, 5%, 3%.
- the effect is high when the content is set to be large.
- the effect is high when the content is set low.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-3) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formulas (L-3.1) to (L-3.4).
- a compound represented by the formula (L-3.7) from (L-3.2) is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is the following compound.
- R L41 and R L42 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in General Formula (L).
- R L41 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R L42 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkoxy group of 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is low-temperature solubility, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%, 23%, 26%, 30%, 35%, 40% .
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-4) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50%, 40%, 35%, and 30%. 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%.
- the compound represented by general formula (L-4) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-4.1) to formula (L-4.3), for example.
- the formula (L-4.2) Even if it contains a compound represented by formula (L-4.1), it contains both a compound represented by formula (L-4.1) and a compound represented by formula (L-4.2). Or all of the compounds represented by formulas (L-4.1) to (L-4.3) may be included.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by formula (L-4.1) or formula (L-4.2) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 3%, Yes, 7%, 9%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 18%, 21%, and the preferred upper limit is 45, 40% , 35%, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8% .
- the amount of both compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is The lower limit of the preferred content is 5%, 15%, 19%, 24%, 30%, and the preferred upper limit is 45, 40%, 35%. Yes, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is preferably, for example, a compound represented by the formula (L-4.4) to the formula (L-4.6). It is preferable that it is a compound represented by this.
- the formula (L -4.5) contains both the compound represented by formula (L-4.4) and the compound represented by formula (L-4.5). May be.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-4.4) or the formula (L-4.5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 3%, Yes, 7%, 9%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 18%, 21%.
- Preferred upper limit values are 45, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13% %, 10%, and 8%.
- the amount of both compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is The lower limit of the preferred content is 5%, 15%, 19%, 24%, 30%, and the preferred upper limit is 45, 40%, 35%. Yes, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-4.7) to the formula (L-4.10), and particularly the formula (L-4.
- the compound represented by 9) is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) is the following compound.
- R L51 and R L52 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in the general formula (L).
- R L51 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R L52 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or a carbon atom.
- An alkoxy group of 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) includes solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence index, process suitability, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%, 23%, 26%, 30%, 35%, 40% .
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-5) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50%, 40%, 35%, and 30%. , 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) is represented by the formula (L-5.1) or the formula (L-5.2).
- the compound represented by formula (L-5.1) is particularly desirable.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-5.3) or the formula (L-5.4).
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (L-5.5) to the formula (L-5.7).
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is the following compound.
- R L61 and R L62 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in the general formula (L), and X L61 and X L62 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom.
- R L61 and R L62 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and one of X L61 and X L62 is a fluorine atom and the other is a hydrogen atom. Is preferred.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. There are no particular restrictions on the types of compounds that can be combined, but they are used in appropriate combinations according to the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperatures, electrical reliability, and birefringence.
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, four kinds, and five kinds or more.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-6) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%, 23%, 26%, 30%, 35%, 40% .
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-6) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50%, 40%, 35%, and 30%. 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-6.1) to the formula (L-6.9).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is preferably, for example, a compound represented by the formula (L-6.10) to the formula (L-6.17).
- a compound represented by L-6.11) is preferable.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of these compounds with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is the following compound.
- R L71 and R L72 each independently represent the same meaning as R L1 and R L2 in Formula (L), A L71 and A L72 is A L2 and in the general formula (L) independently A L3 represents the same meaning, but the hydrogen atoms on A L71 and A L72 may be each independently substituted with a fluorine atom, Z L71 represents the same meaning as Z L2 in formula (L), X L71 and X L72 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom.
- R L71 and R L72 are each independently preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and
- a L71 and A L72 Are each independently preferably a 1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, the hydrogen atoms on A L71 and A L72 may be each independently substituted with a fluorine atom, and
- the kind of the compound used is, for example, one kind as one embodiment of the present invention, two kinds, three kinds, and four kinds.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) includes solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence index, process suitability, dripping marks, It is necessary to adjust appropriately according to required performance such as image sticking and dielectric anisotropy.
- the lower limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% Yes, 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%.
- the upper limit of the preferable content of the compound represented by the formula (L-7) with respect to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 30%, 25%, 23%, and 20%. 18%, 15%, 10%, 5%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-7.1) to the formula (L-7.4), and the formula (L-7. It is preferable that it is a compound represented by 2).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-7.11) to the formula (L-7.13). It is preferable that it is a compound represented by 11).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is a compound represented by the formula (L-7.21) to the formula (L-7.23).
- a compound represented by formula (L-7.21) is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-7.31) to the formula (L-7.34), and the formula (L-7. 31) or / and a compound represented by the formula (L-7.32).
- the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-7.41) to the formula (L-7.44), and the formula (L-7. 41) or / and a compound represented by formula (L-7.42).
- the preferred form of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is the lower limit of the total amount of the compound represented by the general formula (i) and the compound represented by the general formula (L) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass). Is 84% by mass, 85% by mass, 86% by mass, 87% by mass, 88% by mass, 89% by mass, 90% by mass, 91% by mass, 92% by mass, 93% by mass, 94% by mass or less, and 95% by mass. 96 mass%, 97 mass%, 98 mass%, 99 mass%, and 100 mass% are preferable.
- the upper limit of the total amount of the compound represented by the general formula (i) and the compound represented by the general formula (L) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass) is 100% by mass, 99% by mass, and 98% by mass. 97 mass%, 96 mass%, 95 mass%, 94 mass%, 93 mass%, 92 mass%, 91 mass% or less, and 90 mass% are preferable.
- a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is the upper limit value of the content of the component having a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100 mass%).
- ⁇ negative dielectric anisotropy
- the lower limit of the content of the component having a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) ( ⁇ 2> ⁇ ) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass) is 10% by mass, 12% by mass, and 14% by mass. 16% by mass, 18% by mass, 20% by mass, 21% by mass, 22% by mass or less, 23% by mass, 24% by mass, 25% by mass, 26% by mass, 27% by mass, 28% by mass, 29% by mass, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42% %, 43 mass%, 44 mass%, 47 mass%, 48 mass%, 49 mass%, 50 mass%, 51 mass%, and 52 mass% are preferable.
- a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is a component having a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100 mass%). 95 mass% or less is preferable and, as for the upper limit of content, 86 mass% or less is more preferable.
- a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention contains a component having a neutral dielectric anisotropy (( ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.5)) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass).
- the upper limit of the amount is 90% by mass, 88% by mass, 86% by mass, 84% by mass, 82% by mass, 80% by mass, 78% by mass, 76% by mass, 74% by mass, 72% by mass, 70% by mass, 68%, 66%, 63%, 60%, 58%, 55%, 52%, 50%, 47%, 45%, 43%, 40%, 38% %, 36% by mass, 36% by mass, 34% by mass, 32% by mass, 30% by mass, 28% by mass, and 26% by mass.
- the lower limit of the content of components having a dielectric anisotropy neutral (( ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.5)) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass) is 7% by mass, 8%.
- the component exhibiting negative ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) dielectric anisotropy is represented by the general formulas (N-1a) to (N-1e). It is preferably composed of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds, particularly composed of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formulas (N-1a) to (N-1c) preferable.
- the dielectric anisotropy is relatively low. Not only can it be suppressed, but the occurrence of flicker due to flexopolarization can also be reduced.
- a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is a compound represented by the general formula (N-1a) among the components exhibiting negative ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) dielectric anisotropy, and the general formula
- the total total amount of the compound represented by (N-1b) and the compound represented by general formula (N-1c) is the sum of the compound represented by general formula (N-1d) and the general formula (N-1e). It is preferable that it is more than the total total amount with the compound represented by this.
- the amount of a compound (eg, general formula (N-1a) to general formula (N-1c)) having a negative ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) dielectric anisotropy in which the rings are directly connected is in addition, when the amount of the compound is higher than that of a compound having a negative ( ⁇ 2> ⁇ ) dielectric anisotropy containing a linking group in which the rings are linked via a linking group, the dielectric anisotropy can be suppressed relatively low, Generation of flicker due to flexopolarization can also be reduced.
- a preferred form of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is represented by the compound represented by the general formula (N-1a) and the general formula (N-1b) in the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass).
- the lower limit of the total amount (total amount) with the compound represented by the formula is 85 mass%, 86 mass%, 87 mass%, 88 mass%, 89 mass%, 90 mass%, 91 mass%, 92 mass%, 93 It is preferable that they are mass%, 94 mass% or less, 95 mass%, 96 mass%, 97 mass%, 98 mass%, 99 mass%, and 100 mass%.
- Total amount (total amount) of the compound represented by formula (N-1d), the compound represented by formula (N-1e), and the compound represented by formula (L) ) Is preferably 100% by mass, 99% by mass, 98% by mass, 97% by mass, 96% by mass, 95% by mass, 94% by mass, 93% by mass, 92% by mass, or 91% by mass or less.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a dielectric constant anisotropy ( ⁇ ) at 25 ° C. of ⁇ 1.0 to ⁇ 7.0 within an appropriate use range, but from the viewpoint of reducing driving voltage and flicker, ⁇ 1 It is preferably from 0.0 to less than -6.0, more preferably from -2.0 to less than -6.0, and particularly preferably from -2.5 to -5.5.
- a liquid crystal composition having a large dielectric anisotropy is relatively difficult to reduce flicker from the viewpoint of flexopolarization. Therefore, the preferred liquid crystal composition according to the present invention preferably has a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) at ⁇ 25 ° C. of ⁇ 1.0 to ⁇ 7.0, preferably ⁇ 2.0 or more and less than ⁇ 6.0. More preferred.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ n) at 25 ° C. of 0.08 to 0.14, more preferably 0.09 to 0.13, and 0.09 to 0.128. Particularly preferred. More specifically, it is preferably 0.10 to 0.13 when dealing with a thin cell gap, and preferably 0.08 to 0.10 when dealing with a thick cell gap.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a viscosity ( ⁇ ) at 20 ° C. of 10 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 10 to 45 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 10 to 40 mPa ⁇ s, and preferably 10 to 35 mPa ⁇ s.
- ⁇ Is preferably 10 to 30 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 10 to 25 mPa ⁇ s, and particularly preferably 10 to 22 mPa ⁇ s.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ) at 25 ° C. of 50 to 250 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 55 to 170 mPa ⁇ s, and preferably 60 to 160 mPa ⁇ s. To 150 mPa ⁇ s.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T ni ) of 60 ° C. to 120 ° C., more preferably 70 ° C. to 100 ° C., still more preferably 70 ° C. to 85 ° C. 70 ° C. to 84.8 ° C. is particularly preferred.
- T ni nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature
- Negative liquid crystal compositions used in actual liquid crystal display elements are composed of two compounds: a compound having a negative dielectric anisotropy (polar component) and a compound having a neutral dielectric anisotropy (nonpolar component).
- the components are mixed, and the liquid crystal composition as a whole contains several to several tens of liquid crystal compounds. For this reason, it is mainly the polarization of the liquid crystal compound of the polar component that is directly involved in the flexoelectric effect (flexo polarization), and therefore driving that reverses the positive / negative polarity for each frame as in the driving method of the present invention.
- the luminance fluctuation due to the change in the position of the polarization reacted in the step depends on the polarization of the polar component liquid crystal compound and its content.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention performs inversion driving for each frame, if the term of luminance fluctuation due to the change in polarization position is further added, the luminance fluctuation becomes very large and flicker occurs. Display quality deteriorates.
- liquid crystal compounds having a specific negative dielectric anisotropy are combined, and the content thereof is regulated to uniformly change the polarization position specific to the compound as a whole liquid crystal composition (liquid crystal layer). Therefore, it is considered that flicker can be reduced / suppressed.
- polar liquid crystal compounds liquid crystal compounds exhibiting negative dielectric anisotropy
- N-1-1-5 polar liquid crystal compounds
- a compound comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the compounds represented by formulas (N-1-10) to (N-1-13): These compounds preferably account for 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less of the component (100% by mass) exhibiting negative ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) dielectric anisotropy.
- a polar component liquid crystal compound (a liquid crystal compound exhibiting negative dielectric anisotropy) is represented by the general formulas (N-1-1) to (N-1-5): A compound represented by formula (N-1-10) to a compound represented by formula (N-1-13): one or more selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (N-1-13) And these compounds occupy 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less of the component (100% by mass) exhibiting negative ( ⁇ 1.5> ⁇ ) dielectric anisotropy, and are represented by the general formula (N-1 -1) to (N-1-5), the total content of the compounds represented by formulas (N-1-10) to (N-1-13) More preferably, it is greater than the total content of the compounds.
- the display processing unit has a low frequency driving function and an intermittent driving function for reducing driving power in addition to normal driving, and is an LSI for driving a gate bus line of a TFT liquid crystal panel. It has a function of controlling a source driver which is an LSI for driving a certain gate driver and a source bus line of a TFT liquid crystal panel. Further, a function of supplying the common voltage V COM to the common electrode and controlling the operation of the backlight may be provided.
- low frequency driving means that the driving frequency of the liquid crystal display element is a standard value (for example, 60 Hz, 120 Hz or 240 Hz) itself, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1 / Driving (reducing by a display processing unit) is reduced to 10 or 1/60, and “intermittent driving” is to change the driving frequency of a liquid crystal display element to a standard value (for example, 60 Hz, 120 Hz, or 240 Hz) itself.
- a period for stopping the control circuit (rest period) is provided (since the period for rewriting the image signal to the pixel electrode becomes longer due to the rest period, The apparent frame frequency is reduced.)
- the display processing unit can control the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode to be in the range of more than 0 Hz and less than 59 Hz. Is 60 Hz, 120 Hz, or 240 Hz) and (the frame frequency is greater than 0 Hz and less than or equal to 59 Hz) (low frequency drive or intermittent drive) can be switched reversibly.
- the liquid crystal display unit described above is driven, and the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode can be arbitrarily controlled within the range of 59 Hz or less and more than 0 Hz.
- the frame period which is the time interval for rewriting the image signal, is appropriately controlled within a predetermined time. Therefore, it is preferable that the display processing unit according to the present invention can be controlled with two or more different frame frequencies, and at least one of the two or more different frame frequencies is 59 Hz or less to more than 0 Hz.
- the frame frequency in the low frequency driving or intermittent driving state according to the present invention is more than 0 to 59 Hz, preferably 0.1 Hz to 59 Hz, preferably 0.2 Hz to 58 Hz, preferably 0.3 Hz to 57 Hz, 0.4 Hz 56 Hz is preferable, and 0.5 Hz to 55 Hz is preferable.
- it is preferably 0.1 to less than 30 Hz when displaying a still image, and preferably 30 or more and less than 59 Hz when displaying a moving image.
- the lower limit value of the frame frequency when displaying the former still image is preferably in the order of 0.1 Hz, 0.2 Hz, 0.5 Hz, 0.7 Hz, 0.9 Hz, and 1.0 Hz.
- the upper limit of the frame frequency when displaying the former still image is 29.5 Hz, 28.0 Hz, 25.0 Hz, 23.0 Hz, 20.0 Hz, 18.0 Hz, 16.0 Hz, 14.0 Hz, 13. It is preferable in the order of 0 Hz, 12.0 Hz, 11.0 Hz, and 10 Hz.
- the lower limit value of the frame frequency when displaying a moving image is preferable in the order of 30 Hz, 30.2 Hz, 30.5 Hz, and 31.0 Hz.
- the upper limit of the frame frequency when displaying the latter moving image is 59.0 Hz, 58.0 Hz, 57.0 Hz, 56.0 Hz, 53.0 Hz, 52.0 Hz, 51.0 Hz, 50.0 Hz, 48.0 Hz. 47.0 Hz, 46.0 Hz, 45.0 Hz, 43.0 Hz, 42.0 Hz, and 40.0 Hz are preferable in this order.
- control the frame frequency it is particularly preferable to control the frame frequency to 30 to 40 Hz when displaying a moving image in a low frequency drive or intermittent drive state. In addition, it is particularly preferable to control the frame frequency when displaying a still image in a low frequency drive or intermittent drive state to 1 to 10 Hz.
- the first frame frequency is changed from the first drive mode that is driven at the first frame frequency.
- a third driving mode in which driving is performed at a lower second frame frequency can be given.
- the frame frequency is in the range of more than 0 to 59 Hz from the first driving mode (for example, the normal driving in which the first frame frequency is more than 60, 120, or 240 Hz) that is driven at the first frame frequency.
- the display processing unit switches to the low-frequency drive (third drive mode) controlled by the control unit.
- a first driving mode in which driving is performed at the first frame frequency for example, normal driving in which the first frame frequency exceeds 60, 120, or 240 Hz
- To an intermittent drive (second drive mode) frame frequency in which a pause period corresponding to more than one frame is provided is switched from 0 to 59 Hz).
- the display processing unit of the present invention reversibly switches between two or more drive modes having different frame frequencies by controlling the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode within a range of 59 Hz or less and more than 0 Hz. can do.
- the driving method of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention can not only reduce power consumption by combining the above driving modes (first to third driving modes), but also the present invention provides a specific liquid crystal composition. Since it is used, flicker at the time of switching to low frequency driving or intermittent driving can be reduced.
- “Switching between the first drive mode and the second drive mode” switching between normal drive and intermittent drive
- the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode in the normal drive is 60 Hz, for example, the entire screen is scanned over (1/60) seconds, so the image signal is rewritten to the pixel electrode. Is performed once every 0.0167 seconds (the rewrite cycle of the image signal is 1/60).
- the rewriting operation taking 1/60 seconds for example, when a driver or display processing unit corresponding to 2 frames, 10 frames, or 100 frames is provided with a pause period, rewriting of the image signal to the pixel electrode is resumed.
- the period of the image signal rewrite period (second drive mode) from the last rewrite of the image signal to the pixel electrode to the resumption of rewrite of the image signal to the pixel electrode is 1 / Longer than 60 seconds.
- the operation of the control circuit stops, so that the circuit power consumption during that period is eliminated and the power consumption can be reduced.
- the display processing unit can control the rewriting timing of the image signal to the pixel electrode, and the image signal rewriting cycle can be changed.
- power consumption can be reduced by controlling the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode within the range of 59 Hz or less and exceeding 0 Hz in the display processing unit, and making the rewrite cycle of the image signal freely extendable. it can.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n columns.
- FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns. Further, the example of FIG. 11 will be described in the case where the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode in the first drive mode (normal drive) is 60 Hz.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of column inversion driving as a polarity determination method, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram showing the change over time in the rewriting of image signals in the pixel electrodes of 2m rows and 2n columns and the pixel electrodes of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns, and FIG. It can be sufficient to represent the change over time of the rewriting of the image signal in the pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n + 1 columns.
- FIG. 11A when the frame frequency of the first drive mode (normal drive) is 60 Hz, the entire screen is scanned over (1/60) seconds, so rewriting of the image signal to the pixel is 1 / It is performed once every 60 seconds (image signal rewrite cycle 1/60), and the image signal applied to the pixel electrodes arranged in the column direction (2n) is inverted every frame of the same polarity in each frame.
- the display processing unit controls the operation of the gate driver and the source driver.
- FIG. 11B shows a state where a voltage having a reverse polarity to that of FIG. 11A is applied, and to the pixel electrode as in FIG. 11A.
- the image signal is rewritten once every 1/60 seconds (image signal rewrite cycle 1/60), and the image signal applied to the pixel electrodes arranged in the column direction (2n + 1) has the same polarity in each frame.
- the display processing unit controls the operation of the gate driver and the source driver so as to invert every frame.
- a second pause period in which the rewriting operation of the display processing unit, the source driver or the gate driver is stopped is provided.
- the circuit power consumption during the idle period becomes zero, so that the circuit power can be reduced.
- the image signal rewrite operation to the pixel electrode is executed, so the image signal to the pixel is rewritten before the pause period.
- Rewrite of the image signal to the pixel after the end of the pause period from when the image signal is rewritten to the pixel immediately before the pause period that is, the cycle of rewriting the image signal in the first driving mode). (That is, the rewrite cycle of the image signal in the second drive mode is different from the rewrite cycle of the image signal in the second drive mode to the pixel electrode in the first drive mode). This is longer than the rewrite period of the image signal.
- a moving image is displayed (first driving mode), then a still image is displayed (switched to the second driving mode), and the moving image is displayed again ( And a display mode such as switching to the first drive mode.
- “Switching between the first drive mode and the third drive mode” switching between normal drive and low frequency drive
- the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode in the normal drive is 60 Hz
- the entire screen is scanned over (1/60) seconds, so the image signal is rewritten to the pixel electrode. Is performed once every 0.0167 seconds (image signal rewrite cycle) (similarly, in the case of 120 Hz, the entire screen is scanned over (1/120) seconds, and in the case of 240 Hz, the entire screen is ( 1/240) Scan over 2 seconds).
- the rewriting cycle of the image signal can be changed by changing the frame frequency itself of the image signal to the pixel electrode by the display processing unit.
- the display processing unit can control the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode to be in the range of greater than 0 Hz to less than 59 Hz, and can switch the length of the image signal to be increased or decreased, thereby extending the rewrite cycle of the image signal. Make it shrinkable.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n columns.
- FIG. 12B is a diagram showing a change with time of rewriting of the image signal in the pixel electrodes of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns.
- the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode in the first drive mode is 60 Hz
- the frame frequency of the image signal to the pixel electrode in the third drive mode low frequency drive
- FIG. 12 shows an example of column inversion driving.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of dot inversion driving.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram showing the change over time of image signal rewriting in the pixel electrodes of 2m rows and 2n columns and the pixel electrodes of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns, and FIG. It can be sufficient to represent the change over time of the rewriting of the image signal in the pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n + 1 columns.
- a third frame frequency lower than the first frame frequency For example, when switching to the third drive mode (low frequency state) driven at 6 Hz), the entire screen is scanned over (1/6) second, so the polarity to be applied is inverted every (1/6) Rewriting of the image signal to the pixel electrode is performed once every (1/6) second.
- the image signal rewrite cycle in the third drive mode is longer than the image signal rewrite cycle in the first drive mode.
- the number of rewrites of the image signal is reduced, so that power consumption can be reduced.
- a moving image is displayed (first driving mode), then a moving image with slow motion is displayed (switched to the third driving mode), and fast moving again.
- a display mode of displaying a moving image switching to the first drive mode can be mentioned.
- FIG. 13A is a diagram illustrating a change over time in rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m rows and 2n columns.
- FIG. 13B is a diagram showing a change over time of rewriting of an image signal in a pixel electrode of 2m + 1 rows and 2n + 1 columns, and polarity inversion and frame frequency are the same as those in FIGS.
- the first driving mode normal driving
- the third drive mode low frequency state
- the entire screen is scanned over (1/6) second. Is inverted every (1/6), and rewriting of the image signal to the pixel electrode is performed once every (1/6) second.
- the image signal rewrite operation to the pixel electrode is executed, so that the image signal to the pixel before the pause period is changed.
- the image signal to the pixel after the end of the rest period from the time when the image signal is rewritten to the pixel immediately before the rest period Is different from the time of rewriting (that is, the rewriting cycle of the image signal in the second drive mode). Then, after that, when switching from the low-frequency driving state (third driving mode) to the normal driving (first driving mode), the above-described rewriting of the image signal to the pixel returns to the state of performing 1/60 times.
- a fast moving video is displayed (first driving mode), then a slow moving video is displayed (switched to the third driving mode), and still A display mode in which an image is displayed (switched to the second drive mode) and a moving image having a fast movement is displayed again (switch to the first drive mode) can be given.
- the present invention can be applied to a liquid crystal display element including a liquid crystal display unit such as VA, PSVA, FFS and / or IPS.
- a method for reducing flicker caused by a decrease in the voltage holding ratio is desired in active driving such as VA, PSVA, FFS and / or IPS, particularly in low frequency driving.
- the FFS and IPS drive formats are more likely to cause flexopolarization and flicker than the so-called VA mode because a strong electric field is applied to the liquid crystal when a voltage is applied. Therefore, a driving method of FFS and IPS is desired to reduce not only flicker caused by a decrease in voltage holding ratio but also flicker caused by flexopolarization as compared with VA and PSVA modes.
- a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal display unit of the present invention has a liquid crystal layer and an alignment film layer that induces homogeneous alignment between each of the first substrate and the second substrate, and is provided on the first substrate.
- a common electrode is arranged.
- a particularly preferable aspect of the liquid crystal display unit of the present invention is that the inter-electrode distance: R between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is The distance between the first substrate and the second substrate is smaller than G, and a fringe electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode.
- the measured characteristics are as follows.
- T ni Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (° C.) ⁇ n: refractive index anisotropy at 25 ° C. ⁇ : viscosity at 20 ° C. (mPa ⁇ s) ⁇ 1: rotational viscosity at 25 ° C. (mPa ⁇ s) ⁇ : Dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 15 and the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 (Tables 1, 3, 5, and 7) were injected into FFS cells, respectively, to obtain FFS elements. It was.
- Each liquid crystal element was irradiated with a backlight using a white LED (luminous intensity: 25000 cd) for 1000 hours, then driven at a frame frequency of 1 (HZ), and evaluated according to the following flicker evaluation criteria (Tables 2, 4 and The display flicker after 6 BL irradiation).
- the ND filter is an abbreviation for Neutral Density filter, and indicates a filter that changes the light transmittance without changing the color development.
- ND100 indicates a transmittance of 100% (that is, a state where there is no ND filter and 100% of light is transmitted), and ND10 indicates a transmittance of 10%. It can be said that the state in which flicker is visible through an ND filter having a small transmittance indicates a state in which the flicker of light is large.
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Abstract
Description
Ai1およびAi2はそれぞれ独立して
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン基
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
Zi1およびZi2はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH2CH2-又は-CF2CF2-を表わし、
mi1およびmi2はそれぞれ独立して、0~3の整数を表すが、mi1+mi2はそれぞれ独立して1、2又は3であり、Ai1~Ai2、Zi1~Zi2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良い。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物を1種又は2種以上含有する液晶表示素子である。
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン基
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)および基(c)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
Zi1及びZi2はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-を表し、
ni1及びni2はそれぞれ独立して0~3の整数を表すが、ni1+ni2は1、2又は3であり、Ai1~Ai2、Zi1~Zi2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良い。)
本発明に係る液晶組成物に縮合環化合物を含むと、長時間のバックライト照射を行うと、低周波駆動時の電圧保持率の低下が大きくため、フリッカーが認識しやすくなる。
本発明の組成物の粘度を低く保ち、応答速度が速い組成物が必要な場合は上記の下限値が低く上限値が低いことが好ましい。さらに、本発明の組成物のTniを高く保ち、温度安定性の良い組成物が必要な場合は上記の下限値が低く上限値が低いことが好ましい。また、駆動電圧を低く保つために誘電率異方性を大きくしたいときは、上記の下限値を高く上限値が高いことが好ましい。
RN111は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、プロピル基又はペンチル基が好ましい。RN112は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN121は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基又はペンチル基が好ましい。RN122は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、メチル基、プロピル基、メトキシ基、エトキシ基又はプロポキシ基が好ましい。
RN131は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN132は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN141及びRN142はそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、メチル基、プロピル基、エトキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN151及びRN152はそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましくエチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。
RN1101は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1102は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1111は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1112は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1121は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1122は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1131は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1132は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1141は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1142は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1151は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1152は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1161は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1162は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1171は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1172は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1181は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。RN1182は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基又はブトキシ基が好ましい。
RN1201及びRN1202はそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。
RN1211及びRN1212はそれぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、エチル基、プロピル基又はブチル基が好ましい。
nL1は0、1、2又は3を表し、
AL1、AL2及びAL3はそれぞれ独立して
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)および基(b)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZL1及びZL2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-を表し、
nL1が2又は3であってAL2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、nL1が2又は3であってZL3が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良いが、一般式(i)で表される化合物を除く。)
一般式(L)で表される化合物は単独で用いてもよいが、組み合わせて使用することもできる。組み合わせることができる化合物の種類に特に制限は無いが、低温での溶解性、転移温度、電気的な信頼性、複屈折率などの所望の性能に応じて適宜組み合わせて使用する。使用する化合物の種類は、例えば本発明の一つの実施形態としては1種類である。あるいは本発明の別の実施形態では2種類であり、3種類であり、4種類であり、5種類であり、6種類であり、7種類であり、8種類であり、9種類であり、10種類以上である。
RL11及びRL12は、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基及び直鎖状の炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましい。
一般式(L-1-1)で表される化合物は、式(L-1-1.1)から式(L-1-1.3)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物であることが好ましく、式(L-1-1.2)又は式(L-1-1.3)で表される化合物であることが好ましく、特に、式(L-1-1.3)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
本発明の組成物の総量に対しての式(L-1-2)で表される化合物の好ましい含有量の下限値は、1%であり、5%であり、10%であり、15%であり、17%であり、20%であり、23%であり、25%であり、27%であり、30%であり、35%である。好ましい含有量の上限値は、本発明の組成物の総量に対して、60%であり、55%であり、50%であり、45%であり、42%であり、40%であり、38%であり、35%であり、33%であり、30%である。
RL13及びRL14は、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基及び直鎖状の炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましい。
さらに、一般式(L-1-3)で表される化合物は、式(L-1-3.1)から式(L-1-3.12)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物であることが好ましく、式(L-1-3.1)、式(L-1-3.3)又は式(L-1-3.4)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。特に、式(L-1-3.1)で表される化合物は本発明の組成物の応答速度を特に改善するため好ましい。また、応答速度よりも高いTniを求めるときは、式(L-1-3.3)、式(L-1-3.4)、式(L-1-3.11)及び式(L-1-3.12)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。式(L-1-3.3)、式(L-1-3.4)、式(L-1-3.11)及び式(L-1-3.12)で表される化合物の合計の含有量は、低温での溶解度を良くするために20%以上にすることは好ましくない。
RL15及びRL16は、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、直鎖状の炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基及び直鎖状の炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましい。
RL21は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、RL22は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
RL31及びRL32はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
RL41は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、RL42は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。)
一般式(L-4)で表される化合物は単独で使用することもできるが、2以上の化合物を組み合わせて使用することもできる。組み合わせることができる化合物の種類に特に制限は無いが、低温での溶解性、転移温度、電気的な信頼性、複屈折率などの求められる性能に応じて適宜組み合わせて使用する。使用する化合物の種類は、例えば本発明の一つの実施形態としては1種類であり、2種類であり、3種類であり、4種類であり、5種類以上である。
RL51は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、RL52は炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数4~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
一般式(L-5)で表される化合物は、式(L-5.1)又は式(L-5.2)で表される化合物であることが好ましく、特に、式(L-5.1)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
RL61及びRL62はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基が好ましく、XL61及びXL62のうち一方がフッ素原子他方が水素原子であることが好ましい。
式中、RL71及びRL72はそれぞれ独立して炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~5のアルケニル基又は炭素原子数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、AL71及びAL72はそれぞれ独立して1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は1,4-フェニレン基が好ましく、AL71及びAL72上の水素原子はそれぞれ独立してフッ素原子によって置換されていてもよく、ZL71は単結合又はCOO-が好ましく、単結合が好ましく、XL71及びXL72は水素原子が好ましい。
(通常駆動と間欠駆動との切り替え)
通常駆動(第1の駆動モード)の画素電極への画像信号のフレーム周波数が、例えば60Hzの場合は、全画面を(1/60)秒かけて走査するため、画素電極への画像信号の書き換えは0.0167秒ごとに1回行っている(画像信号の書き換え周期は1/60)。この1/60秒をかけた書き換え動作の後、例えば、2フレーム、10フレームまたは100フレーム相当のドライバまたは表示処理部が動作しない休止期間を設けて、画素電極への画像信号の書き換えを再開すると、最後に画素電極への画像信号の書き換えたときから画素電極への画像信号の書き換えを再開するまでの間の画素電極への画像信号の書き換え期間(第2の駆動モード)の周期は、1/60秒より長くなる。
図11(A)は、2m行2n列の画素電極における画像信号の書き換えの経時的変化を表す図である。また、図11(B)は、2m+1行2n+1列の画素電極における画像信号の書き換えの経時的変化を表す図である。さらに、図11の例を、第1の駆動モード(通常駆動)の画素電極への画像信号のフレーム周波数を60Hzとした場合について説明する。
(通常駆動と低周波駆動との切り替え)
通常駆動(第1の駆動モード)の画素電極への画像信号のフレーム周波数が、例えば60Hzの場合は、全画面を(1/60)秒かけて走査するため、画素電極への画像信号の書き換えは0.0167秒ごとに1回行っている(画像信号の書き換え周期)(同様に、120Hzの場合は、全画面を(1/120)秒かけて走査、240Hzの場合は、全画面を(1/240)秒かけて走査)。この状態から、第1の駆動モードより低いフレーム周波数で画素への画像信号の書き換えを行う第3の駆動モードへ切り替えた場合、すなわち、例えば、画像信号のフレーム周波数が1Hzの低周波駆動状態へ切り替えると、全画面を(1/1)秒かけて走査するため、画素への画像信号の書き換えは1秒ごとに1回行う(画像信号の書き換え周期は1/1)ため、回路の消費電力を低減することができる。また、低周波駆動状態(第3の駆動モード)から通常駆動(第1の駆動モード)へ切り替えると、前述の画素への画像信号の書き換えは0.0167秒ごとに1回行う状態に戻る。
(側鎖)
-n -CnH2n+1 炭素数nの直鎖状のアルキル基
n- CnH2n+1- 炭素数nの直鎖状のアルキル基
-On -OCnH2n+1 炭素数nの直鎖状のアルコキシル基
nO- CnH2n+1O- 炭素数nの直鎖状のアルコキシル基
-nO- -CnH2nO-
-On- -OCnH2n-
-n- -CnH2n-
-V -CH=CH2
V- CH2=CH-
-V1 -CH=CH-CH3
1V- CH3-CH=CH-
(環構造)
Δn :25℃における屈折率異方性
η :20℃における粘度(mPa・s)
γ1 :25℃における回転粘性(mPa・s)
Δε :25℃における誘電率異方性
実施例1~15の液晶組成物および比較例1~4の液晶組成物(表1、3、5および7)それぞれFFSセルへ注入し、FFS素子を得た。各液晶素子へ、白色LEDを使用したバックライト(光度:25000cd)を、1000時間照射した後、フレーム周波数1(HZ)で駆動を行い、以下のちらつき評価基準により評価した(表2、4および6のBL照射後の表示のちらつき)。
◎:ND100フィルターを介して観察したパネルにおいてフリッカー(ちらつき)が目視で確認できない。
〇:ND50フィルターを介して観察したパネルにおいてフリッカー(ちらつき)が目視で確認できない。
△:ND30フィルターを介して観察したパネルにおいてフリッカー(ちらつき)が目視で確認できない。
×:ND10フィルターを介して観察したパネルにおいてフリッカー(ちらつき)が目視で確認できない。
2 第1の基板
3 電極層(第1の電極)
3’ 共通電極(第2の電極)
4 配向膜
5 液晶層
6 カラーフィルタ
7 第2の基板
11 ゲート電極
12 ゲート絶縁膜
13 半導体層
14 絶縁層
15 オーミック接触層
16 ドレイン電極
17 ソース電極
18 絶縁保護層
19b ソース電極
21 画素電極
22 共通電極
23 ストレイジキャパシタ
24 ドレイン電極
25 ソースバスライン
26 ゲートバスライン
27 ソース電極
28 ゲート電極
29 共通ライン
Claims (7)
- 第一の透明基板と、
前記第一の透明基板と対向配置された第二の透明基板と、
前記第一の透明基板と第二の透明基板との間に充填された液晶組成物を含有する液晶層と、
前記第一の透明基板上に配置される画素電極と、
前記画素電極への画像信号のフレーム周波数を0Hz超59Hz以下の範囲に制御する表示処理部と、を有し
前記液晶組成物が、下記一般式(i):
Ai1およびAi2はそれぞれ独立して
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
(c)1,4-シクロヘキセニレン基
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
Zi1およびZi2はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-CH2CH2-又は-CF2CF2-を表わし、
mi1およびmi2はそれぞれ独立して、0~3の整数を表すが、mi1+mi2はそれぞれ独立して1、2又は3であり、Ai1~Ai2、Zi1~Zi2が複数存在する場合は、それらは同一であっても異なっていても良い。)で表される化合物群から選ばれる化合物を1種又は2種以上含有する液晶表示素子。 - 第1のフレーム周波数で駆動する第1の駆動モードと、
間欠駆動による休止期間が設けられた第2の駆動モードと、を有し、前記第1の駆動モードと第2の駆動モードとを前記表示処理部で切り替える、請求項1に記載の液晶表示素子。 - 第1のフレーム周波数で駆動する第1の駆動モードと、
前記第1のフレーム周波数より低い第2のフレーム周波数で駆動する第3の駆動モードと、を有し、前記第1の駆動モードと第3の駆動モードとを前記表示処理部で切り替える、請求項1に記載の液晶表示素子。 - 前記液晶層と、前記第一の透明基板と前記第二の透明基板のそれぞれの間にホモジニアス配向を誘起する配向膜層を有し、各配向膜の配向方向は第一のまたは第二の透明基板に対して平行であり、前記第1の基板上に共通電極が配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 前記画素電極と共通電極との間の電極間距離:Rが前記第一の基板と第二の基板との距離:Gより小さく、前記画素電極と共通電極との電極間にフリンジ電界を形成することを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 前記液晶層と、前記第一の透明基板と前記第二の透明基板のそれぞれの間に配向膜層を有し、前記第2の基板上に共通電極が配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 更に、一般式(iii)
(a)1,4-シクロへキシレン基(該基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-又は-S-に置換されても良い。)
(b)1,4-フェニレン基(該基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置換されても良く、該基中に存在する水素原子はフッ素原子又は塩素原子に置換されても良いが、隣接する-CH=の少なくともいずれか一方は水素原子を表す。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、Ziii1及びZiii2はそれぞれ独立して単結合、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-又は-CF2O-を表し、miii1は0~2の整数を表し、Aiii1及びZiii1が複数存在する場合、それらは同一であっても、異なっていてもよい。但し、一般式(i)で表される化合物は除く。)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有する請求項1~4記載の液晶表示素子。
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JP2019199491A (ja) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 |
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