CN112574756B - 一种液晶组合物及光电显示器件 - Google Patents

一种液晶组合物及光电显示器件 Download PDF

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CN112574756B
CN112574756B CN201910942423.8A CN201910942423A CN112574756B CN 112574756 B CN112574756 B CN 112574756B CN 201910942423 A CN201910942423 A CN 201910942423A CN 112574756 B CN112574756 B CN 112574756B
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liquid crystal
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carbon atoms
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CN112574756A (zh
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严为刚
马文阳
韩文明
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Jiangsu Hecheng Display Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种液晶组合物及光电显示器件,包括:占所述液晶组合物总重量1‑30%的至少一种通式I的化合物,占所述液晶组合物总重量5‑35%的至少一种通式II的化合物,占所述液晶组合物总重量10‑50%的至少一种通式III的化合物;所述液晶组合物具有适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、适当的介电各向异性,还具有较高的电压保持率、较高的透过率、较好的抗高温性能及更快的响应速度,该液晶组合物适用于VA、IPS和FFS等显示模式。

Description

一种液晶组合物及光电显示器件
技术领域
本发明属于液晶材料技术领域,具体涉及一种液晶组合物及光电显示器件。
背景技术
液晶显示器(LCD)用在许多领域中用以显示信息,主要用于直观显示器和投射类型的显示器。LCD因其体积小、重量轻、功耗低且显示质量优异而获得了飞速发展,特别在便携式电子信息产品中获得广泛的应用。随着用于便携式计算机、办公应用、视频应用的液晶屏幕尺寸的增加,液晶显示器能够用于大屏幕显示并最终替代阴极射线管(Cathode RayTube,CRT)。
目前,用于大多数显示器的电光模式仍为扭转向列(TN)模式及其各种变型。除此模式之外,已越来越多地使用超扭转向列(STN)模式和光学补偿弯曲(OCB)模式和电控双折射(ECB)模式及其各种变型,例如,垂直配向向列(VAN)、图案化ITO垂直配向向列(PVA)、聚合物稳定垂直配向向列(PSVA)模式和多域垂直配向向列(MVA)模式以及其他。所有这些模式分别对液晶层使用基本上垂直于基板的电场。除这些模式以外,也存在分别对液晶层使用基本上平行于基板的电场的电光模式,例如平面内切换型(短IPS)模式和边缘场切换型(FFS)模式。尤其是后面提到的电光模式(其具有良好的视角特性和改进的响应时间)正越来越多地用于现代桌面监视器的LCD且甚至用于TV和多媒体应用的显示器,并因此与TN-LCD竞争。
液晶(LC)材料广泛用于液晶显示器(LCD),特别是具有有源矩阵或无源矩阵寻址以显示信息的电光显示器中。在有源矩阵显示器的情况下,单个像素通常由集成的非线性有源元件,例如晶体管,例如薄膜晶体管(TFT)寻址,而在无源矩阵显示器的情况下,单个像素通常由如现有技术中已知的多路传输方法寻址。
液晶材料主要用作显示器件中的电介质,通过施加电压改变这类物质的光学性能。因此液晶材料必须具有良好的化学和热稳定性,以及良好的对电场和电磁辐射的稳定性等。
相对于传统的显示器件和显示材料,液晶显示材料具有明显的优点:驱动电压低、功耗微小、可靠性高、显示信息量大、彩色显示、无闪烁、对人体无危害、生产过程自动化、成本低廉等。由于这些优点,液晶显示技术对显示显像领域产生了深刻影响,促进了微电子技术和光电信息技术的发展。液晶材料凭借其良好的光学性能和光电效应,在诸多显示场合获得了广泛应用,如便携式计算机、办公应用、视频应用等。
目前LCD用液晶向着响应速度更快,信赖性更好的方向发展,而液晶组合物的高速响应特性来源于其组分的相应物理参数,如旋转粘度、弹性常数等,在满足响应速度更快的同时,一些性能例如低温稳定性和信赖性又必须不被损害。然而,现有技术仍然未能有效解决这一技术问题。
这意味着,需要我们对液晶材料做进一步改进。从液晶材料的制备角度出发,液晶材料的各项性能是互相牵制影响的,某项性能指标的提高可能会使其他性能发生变化。因此,制备各方面性能都合适的液晶材料往往需要创造性劳动。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的技术问题,本发明提供一种液晶组合物及光电显示器件,所述液晶组合物具有适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、适当的介电各向异性,还具有较高的电压保持率、较高的透过率、较好的抗高温性能及更快的响应速度,适用于VA、IPS和FFS等显示模式。
为达上述技术效果,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明目的之一在于提供一种液晶组合物,所述液晶组合物包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量1-30%的至少一种通式Ⅰ的化合物;
Figure GDA0003849191770000021
占所述液晶组合物总重量5-35%的至少一种通式Ⅱ的化合物;
Figure GDA0003849191770000022
占所述液晶组合物总重量10-50%的至少一种通式Ⅲ的化合物;
Figure GDA0003849191770000023
其中,R1、R3和R5各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基;R2和R4各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基,含有2-7个碳原子的烯基或烯氧基;所述R1、R2、R3、R4和R5表示的基团中任一个H可被卤素取代、任一个-CH2-可被环戊烷基、环丙烷基或环丁烷基取代;
L1、L2、L3、L4、L5和L6各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CF3、-OCF3或-CH2F;
环A1和环A2各自独立地表示1,4-亚环己基、1,4-亚环己烯基、1,4-亚苯基、至少一个氢原子被卤原子取代的1,4-亚苯基、或至少一个-CH2-被-O-取代的1,4-亚环己基;
n表示0或1。
本发明中,含1~7个碳原子的烷基可以是碳原子数为1、2、3、4、5、6、7的直链或支链烷基;
含1~7个碳原子的烷氧基可以是碳原子数为1、2、3、4、5、6、7的直链或支链烷氧基;
含2~7个碳原子的烯基可以是碳原子数为2、3、4、5、6、7的直链或支链烯基;
含2~7个碳原子的烯氧基可以是碳原子数为2、3、4、5、6、7的直链或支链烯氧基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述通式Ⅰ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure GDA0003849191770000031
所述通式Ⅱ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure GDA0003849191770000041
其中,R2表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、或含有2-7个碳原子的烯基;R3’表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基,m表示0、1或2。
所述通式Ⅲ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure GDA0003849191770000042
Figure GDA0003849191770000051
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述液晶组合物包含占所述液晶组合物总重量5-25%的至少一种通式Ⅰ的化合物,占所述液晶组合物总重量5-30%的至少一种通式Ⅱ的化合物,占所述液晶组合物总重量15-50%的至少一种通式Ⅲ的化合物。
其中,式I所示化合物的质量分数可以是5%、8%、10%、12%、15%、18%、20%、22%或24%等,式II所示化合物的质量分数可以是8%、10%、12%、15%、18%、20%、22%、25%、26%、28%等,式III所示化合物的质量分数可以是15%、18%、20%、22%、25%、26%、28%、30%、33%、35%、38%、40%、43%、45%、48%等,但并不仅限于所列举的数值,该数值范围内其他未列举的数值同样适用。
作为本发明更优选的技术方案,所述液晶组合物包含占所述液晶组合物总重量10-25%的至少一种通式Ⅰ的化合物,占所述液晶组合物总重量10-26%的至少一种通式Ⅱ的化合物,占所述液晶组合物总重量15-45%的至少一种通式Ⅲ的化合物。
作为本发明的技术方案,所述液晶组合物,还包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量10-45%的至少一种通式Ⅳ的化合物;
Figure GDA0003849191770000052
其中,R6和R7各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、或含有2-7个碳原子的烯基;
Z1表示单键、-CH2-CH2-、-CH=CH-或-CH2O-;
环A3表示1,4-亚环己基、1,4-亚环己烯基或1,4-亚苯基。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述通式Ⅳ的化合物占所述液晶组合物总重量20-45%,如22%、25%、28%、30%、35%、38%、40%或43%等,但并不仅限于所列举的数值,该数值范围内其他未列举的数值同样适用。
作为本发明更优选的技术方案,所述通式Ⅳ的化合物占所述液晶组合物总重量20-40%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述通式Ⅳ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure GDA0003849191770000061
作为本发明的技术方案,所述液晶组合物,还包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量0-20%的至少一种通式Ⅴ的化合物;
Figure GDA0003849191770000062
其中,R8和R9各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、含有2-7个碳原子的烯基。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述通式Ⅴ的化合物占所述液晶组合物总重量0~15%,如1%、2%、5%、8%、10%、12%或14%等,但并不仅限于所列举的数值,该数值范围内其他未列举的数值同样适用。
作为本发明更优选的技术方案,所述通式V的化合物占所述液晶组合物总重量0-10%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述通式Ⅴ的化合物中R8和R9至少有一个是含有2-7个碳原子的烯基。
进一步的,所述通式Ⅴ-1的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure GDA0003849191770000071
作为本发明的技术方案,所述液晶组合物,还包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量0-5%的至少一种通式VI的化合物;
Figure GDA0003849191770000072
其中,R10和R11各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、含有2-7个碳原子的烯基或烯氧基;L7和L8各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CF3、-OCF3或-CH2F;
Z2和Z3各自独立地表示单键、-CH2CH2-、-COO-、-CH2O-或-CF2O-,并且Z2和Z3中至少一个不为单键;
环A4和环A5各自独立地表示1,4-亚环己基、1,4-亚环己烯基、1,4-亚苯基、至少一个氢原子被卤原子取代的1,4-亚苯基、或至少一个-CH2-被-O-取代的1,4-亚环己基;
m表示0或1。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述通式VI的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure GDA0003849191770000073
Figure GDA0003849191770000081
Figure GDA0003849191770000091
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种光电显示器件,包括所述的液晶组合物。
有益效果:
相对于现有技术,本发明通过调配液晶组合物中各组分的类型及比例,使得本发明的液晶组合物具有适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、适当的介电各向异性,还具有较高的电压保持率、较高的透过率、较好的抗高温性能及更快的响应速度,该液晶组合物适用于VA、IPS和FFS等显示模式。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是,下面的实施例为本发明的示例,仅用来说明本发明,而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下,可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
为便于表达,以下各实施例中,液晶组合物的基团结构用表1所列的代码表示:
表1液晶化合物的基团结构代码
Figure GDA0003849191770000092
Figure GDA0003849191770000101
以如下结构式的化合物为例:
Figure GDA0003849191770000102
该结构式如用表1所列代码表示,则可表达为:1VCPWO2,代码中的1表示左端为-CH3,2表示右端为-C2H5;代码中的V表示-CH=CH-,C表示1,4-亚环己基;P表示1,4-亚苯基;W表示2,3-二氟-1,4-亚苯基,O表示-O-。
以下实施例中,测试项目的简写代号如下:
测试项目代号 含义
Δn: 光学各向异性(589nm,25℃)
Δε: 介电各向异性(1KHz,25℃)
Cp: 清亮点(向列-各向同性相转变温度,℃)
γ1: 旋转粘度(mPa.s,25℃)
V90 饱和电压(在90%相对透过率时的特征电压)
Toff 撤电时,从90%透过率降至10%透过率所需的时间(ms,25℃)
T 透过率(%,DMS 505测试仪,盒厚3.5μm)
VHR 电压保持率
Ion(初始) 初始离子浓度(pC/cm2,60℃)
Ion(高温) 高温离子浓度(pC/cm2,60℃)
ΔIon 离子浓度差值(pC/cm2,60℃)
其中,Cp(清亮点)是使用熔点仪定量法测试的;
Δn光学各向异性使用阿贝折光仪在钠光灯(589nm)光源下、25℃测试得到;
介电各向异性,Δε=ε,其中,ε为平行于分子轴的介电常数,ε为垂直于分子轴的介电常数,测试条件:25±0.5℃,1kHz;测试盒为VA盒,盒厚6μm;
γ1(旋转粘度)是使用INSTEC:ALCTIR1测试得到的,测试条件为25±0.5℃,20μm平行盒;
V90(饱和电压)是通过DMS505测试得到的,测试条件为25℃,方波,频率为60Hz,测试电压范围为0-10V;
Toff是在撤电时,从90%透过率降至10%透过率所需的时间。测试盒为VA盒,盒厚3.5μm;
T透过率是利用DMS 505测试调光器件在25℃下,测试电压4V,频率60Hz,方波得到的透过率。所述调光器件为盒厚3.5μm的VA型测试盒;
VHR电压保持率测试使用TOYO 6254测试,测试条件为5V 6Hz,测试盒使用9μm VACell。
Ion(初始)是使用TOYO 6254测试,测试条件为10V 0.01Hz,60℃,测试盒使用9μmVA Cell;Ion(高温)是在测得Ion后,将测试盒置于150℃的恒温环境中1h后,再次测得的离子浓度;ΔIon=Ion(高温)-Ion(初始)。
在以下的实施例中所采用的各成分,均可以通过公知的方法进行合成,或者通过商业途径获得。这些合成技术是常规的,所得到各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
按照以下实施例规定的各液晶组合物的配比,制备液晶组合物。所述液晶组合物的制备是按照本领域的常规方法进行的,如采取加热、超声波、悬浮等方式按照规定比例混合制得。
对比例1
按表2中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成对比例1的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表2液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000111
Figure GDA0003849191770000121
对比例2
按表3中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成对比例2的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表3液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000122
实施例1
按表4中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例1的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表4液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000123
Figure GDA0003849191770000131
实施例2
按表5中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例2的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表5液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000132
实施例3
按表6中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例3的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表6液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000133
Figure GDA0003849191770000141
实施例4
按表7中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例4的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表7液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000142
实施例5
按表8中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例5的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表8液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000143
Figure GDA0003849191770000151
实施例6
按表9中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例6的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表9液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000152
实施例7
按表10中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例7的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表10液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000153
Figure GDA0003849191770000161
实施例8
按表11中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例8的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表11液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000162
实施例9
按表12中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成实施例9的液晶组合物,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表所示:
表12液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
Figure GDA0003849191770000163
Figure GDA0003849191770000171
由上述实施例1-9可知,本发明的液晶组合物具有适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性、适当的介电各向异性,还具有较高的电压保持率、较高的透过率及较低的初始离子浓度和离子浓度差值(较好的抗高温性能),尤其是,当通式I的化合物及通式II的化合物的含量占比提高时,上述性能优势更明显,并且旋转黏度也会显著降低,从而获得更快的响应速度,该液晶组合物适用于VA、IPS和FFS等显示模式。
进一步地,由上述对比例1与实施例6对比可知,对比例1不含本发明通式I的化合物(含有与本发明通式I相近的化合物),其在电压保持率、抗高温性能及透过率等方面均显著劣于实施例4,可见本发明的通式I的化合物对于液晶组合物整体性能具有重要的贡献作用。
再进一步地,由上述对比例2与实施例1-8对比可知,其缺少本发明通式II的化合物,其在电压保持率、抗高温性能及透过率等方面均显著劣于本发明其他实施例,可见本发明的通式II的化合物同样是维持本发明液晶组合物在电压保持率、抗高温性能及透过率处于较高水平的必要元素。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种液晶组合物,其特征在于,包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量15-25%的至少三种通式Ⅰ的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000011
占所述液晶组合物总重量20-26%的至少一种通式Ⅱ的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000012
占所述液晶组合物总重量15-30%的至少一种通式Ⅲ的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000013
占所述液晶组合物总重量30-45%的至少一种通式Ⅳ的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000014
所述通式II的化合物包含至少一种R2表示含有2-7个碳原子的烯基的II-1的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000015
其中,R1、R3和R5各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基;R2和R4各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基,含有2-7个碳原子的烯基或烯氧基;所述R1、R2、R3、R4和R5表示的基团中任一个H可被卤素取代、任一个-CH2-可被环戊烷基、环丙烷基或环丁烷基取代;
L1、L2、L3、L4、L5和L6各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CF3、-OCF3或-CH2F;
环A1和环A2各自独立地表示1,4-亚环己基、1,4-亚环己烯基、1,4-亚苯基、至少一个氢原子被卤原子取代的1,4-亚苯基、或至少一个-CH2-被-O-取代的1,4-亚环己基;
n表示0或1;
R6表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、或含有2-7个碳原子的烯基;R7表示含有2-7个碳原子的烯基;
Z1表示单键、-CH2-CH2-、-CH=CH-或-CH2O-;
环A3表示1,4-亚环己基、1,4-亚环己烯基或1,4-亚苯基;
R3’表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式Ⅰ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure FDA0003849191760000021
所述通式Ⅱ的化合物还选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure FDA0003849191760000022
其中,m表示0、1或2;
所述通式Ⅲ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure FDA0003849191760000031
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式Ⅳ的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure FDA0003849191760000032
Figure FDA0003849191760000041
4.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,还包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量1-20%的至少一种通式Ⅴ的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000042
其中,R8和R9各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、含有2-7个碳原子的烯基。
5.根据权利要求1或4任一项所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,还包括:
占所述液晶组合物总重量1-5%的至少一种通式VI的化合物;
Figure FDA0003849191760000043
其中,R10和R11各自独立地表示含有1-7个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基、含有2-7个碳原子的烯基或烯氧基;L7和L8各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CF3、-OCF3或-CH2F;
Z2和Z3各自独立地表示单键、-CH2CH2-、-COO-、-CH2O-或-CF2O-,并且Z2和Z3中至少一个不为单键;
环A4和环A5各自独立地表示1,4-亚环己基、1,4-亚环己烯基、1,4-亚苯基、至少一个氢原子被卤原子取代的1,4-亚苯基、或至少一个-CH2-被-O-取代的1,4-亚环己基;
m表示0或1。
6.根据权利要求5所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式VI的化合物选自以下一种或多种化合物组成的组:
Figure FDA0003849191760000044
Figure FDA0003849191760000051
Figure FDA0003849191760000061
7.一种光电显示器件,其特征在于,包括权利要求1至6中任一项所述的液晶组合物。
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