WO2017193670A1 - 处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法 - Google Patents

处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法 Download PDF

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WO2017193670A1
WO2017193670A1 PCT/CN2017/074901 CN2017074901W WO2017193670A1 WO 2017193670 A1 WO2017193670 A1 WO 2017193670A1 CN 2017074901 W CN2017074901 W CN 2017074901W WO 2017193670 A1 WO2017193670 A1 WO 2017193670A1
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exhaust gas
nitrogen dioxide
automobile
exhaust
treatment
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PCT/CN2017/074901
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English (en)
French (fr)
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崔翠翠
黄安武
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崔翠翠
黄安武
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842Nitrogen oxides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2370/00Selection of materials for exhaust purification
    • F01N2370/22Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in non-catalytic purification apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to a method for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas.
  • the emission of automobile exhaust is a matter of great concern to the society.
  • the exhaust gas emitted by automobiles contains various harmful gases including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ).
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • NO nitrogen monoxide
  • NO 2 nitrogen dioxide
  • Environmental pollution on the other hand, can also cause personal injury.
  • nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust is a corrosive gas.
  • Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide in the early stage will have mild eye and upper respiratory tract irritation, such as pharyngeal discomfort, dry cough, etc., and after a few hours of incubation, chest tightness, respiratory distress, cough, sputum, cyanosis, etc. It may even make people faint.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method and system for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas, which can effectively treat nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas in time, and reduce environmental pollution of automobile exhaust gas and Personal injury.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas comprising the following steps:
  • the vehicle exhaust gas is monitored in real time by means of infrared detection, and corresponding electrical signals are generated according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared rays and the degree of absorption;
  • the type of harmful gas is analyzed, and each harmful gas is marked according to the type of the harmful gas;
  • the process of performing the nitrogen dioxide treatment includes:
  • the exhaust gas is absorbed and treated by passing the titanium dioxide photocatalytic reaction layer and emitting ultraviolet rays by using an ultraviolet lamp;
  • the process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitrogen dioxide treatment comprises:
  • concentration T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, P is the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine, a is a constant coefficient, and a is 0.15-0.39.
  • the method and system for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas of the present invention detect the kinds of harmful gases contained in automobile exhaust gas by means of infrared detection, and perform various harmful gases. Marking, according to the identification of harmful gases, especially nitrogen dioxide, to achieve timely treatment of nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas, can effectively improve the efficiency of tail gas treatment, avoid car pollution caused by the automobile exhaust and cause personal injury hurt.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 real-time monitoring of automobile exhaust by means of infrared detection, and generating corresponding telecommunications according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared rays and the degree of absorption number.
  • Step S102 analyzing the type of the harmful gas according to the generated electrical signal, and identifying each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas, so as to distinguish different harmful gases.
  • automobile exhaust gas usually contains various harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
  • harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
  • Each of these gases has a specific characteristic absorption band and characteristic frequency that is strongly absorbed when the infrared spectrum falls near the characteristic frequency band. Therefore, the composition of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas can be detected by the infrared spectrum of the corresponding characteristic frequency.
  • Step S103 determining whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitrogen dioxide according to the identifier. If the exhaust gas contains nitrogen dioxide, step S104 can be performed.
  • Step S104 if the result of the determination in step S103 is YES, that is, if it is determined according to the indication that the harmful gas in each exhaust gas contains nitrogen dioxide, a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the photocatalytic reaction through the catalytic reaction command. Nitrogen dioxide treatment is carried out in the apparatus.
  • the exhaust gas can be absorbed and treated by the titanium dioxide photocatalytic reaction layer and the ultraviolet light is emitted by the ultraviolet lamp. Since the embodiment is for the secondary treatment of the automobile exhaust gas, usually the automobile The content of harmful substances in the exhaust gas is usually not too high, so the nitrogen dioxide can be completely absorbed and treated by the photocatalytic reaction.
  • the method may further include the step of sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal.
  • the electrical signal can be filtered and amplified by the filtering circuit and the amplifying circuit respectively. After filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, the accuracy of the electrical signal detection can be effectively improved.
  • an absorption command may be generated, and after the nitrogen dioxide is processed, the The absorption command discharges the exhaust gas into a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent for carbon monoxide treatment.
  • the carbon monoxide absorbent may be a composition composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and copper chloride carried thereon, and nitrogen in the composition
  • the compound may account for a molar ratio of 0.47 to 0.82.
  • the inorganic carrier may be: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide.
  • the nitride can be: pyridine and Composition and the like. The carbon monoxide absorbent can effectively absorb the oxidation in the exhaust gas.
  • the process of discharging exhaust gas to a photocatalytic reactor for nitrogen dioxide treatment comprises:
  • the reference speed is calculated based on the concentration, the exhaust pressure value, the rotational speed, and the current thermometer, and the speed at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor is adjusted according to the reference speed.
  • V is the reference speed
  • r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
  • C is the concentration of nitrogen dioxide
  • T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor
  • P is the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine.
  • a is a constant coefficient between 0.15 and 0.39.
  • the following steps may also be included:
  • the separated nitrogen is discharged and the separated carbon dioxide is stored.
  • nitrogen gas may float above the carbon dioxide after being pressurized to a certain range.
  • the pressure treatment is carried out in a container having an opening at the upper end. When the pressure in the container is sufficient to separate the carbon dioxide and the nitrogen gas, the upper end opening is opened to discharge the nitrogen gas, so that carbon dioxide can be collected.
  • carbon dioxide emissions cause environmental pollution in the air, they can be used in industrial and agricultural production, so that carbon dioxide can be effectively utilized to avoid environmental pollution.
  • the present invention also provides a system for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas, comprising:
  • Exhaust gas detection module 101 for performing vehicle exhaust by means of infrared detection Real-time monitoring, and generating corresponding electrical signals according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared rays and the degree of absorption;
  • the identification module 102 is configured to analyze the type of the harmful gas according to the generated electrical signal, and identify each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas;
  • the determining module 103 is configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitrogen dioxide;
  • the nitrogen dioxide treatment module 104 is configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the determination module 103 is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction to perform the nitrogen dioxide treatment.
  • a system for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas of the present invention may further include:
  • a carbon monoxide treatment module configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to the carbon monoxide absorbent by the absorption instruction after the nitrogen dioxide is processed
  • the container is subjected to carbon monoxide treatment.
  • the nitrogen dioxide treatment module 104 can include:
  • a concentration calculation module configured to obtain infrared light intensity obtained by passing infrared rays through the exhaust gas, and calculate a concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the exhaust gas according to the infrared light intensity
  • a parameter acquisition module real-time obtaining an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine, a rotational speed of the automobile engine, and a current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor;
  • a speed adjustment module configured to calculate a reference speed according to the concentration, the exhaust pressure value, the rotational speed, and the current thermometer, and adjust the exhaust emission to the photocatalysis according to the reference speed The speed in the reactor.
  • a method and system for treating nitrogen dioxide in automobile exhaust gas detects the kinds of harmful gases contained in automobile exhaust gas by means of infrared detection, and is harmful to various kinds.
  • the gas is marked, and the harmful gas, especially the nitrogen dioxide, is treated according to the mark, so that the timely treatment of the nitrogen dioxide in the automobile exhaust gas can effectively improve the efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment, and avoid the pollution of the automobile exhaust gas to the environment and Personal injury.

Abstract

一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,包括如下步骤:通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控,并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度,生成相应的电信号;根据生成的电信号分析得出有害气体的种类,并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识;根据标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有二氧化氮;若是,则生成催化反应指令,通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理。该处理方法能有效地对汽车尾气中的二氧化氮进行及时处理,减少环境污染和人身伤害。

Description

处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车技术领域,具体涉及一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法。
背景技术
汽车尾气的排放是社会高度关注的问题,汽车排放的尾气中包含有一氧化碳(CO)、一氧化氮(NO)以及二氧化氮(NO2)在内的各种有害气体,这些气体一方面造成了环境污染,另一方面也会对人身造成伤害。
例如,汽车尾气中的二氧化氮是一种具有腐蚀性的气体。吸入二氧化氮气体初期便会有轻微的眼及上呼吸道刺激症状,如咽部不适、干咳等,且经过数小时潜伏期后则会发生胸闷、呼吸窘迫、咳嗽、咯泡沫痰、紫绀等,重者甚至可能会使人昏厥。
因此,如何对汽车尾气中的二氧化氮进行进一步处理,以降低尾气中的二氧化氮对环境的污染和人身伤害,成为一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法及系统,能够有效地对汽车尾气中的二氧化氮进行及时处理,减少汽车尾气对环境的污染和人身的伤害。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,包括如下步骤:
通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控,并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度,生成相应的电信号;
根据生成的电信号分析得出有害气体的种类,并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识;
根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有二氧化氮;
若是,则生成催化反应指令,通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理;
所述进行二氧化氮处理的过程包括:
将尾气通过具有二氧化钛光催化反应层并利用紫外灯发射紫外线的方式来对二氧化氮进行吸收和处理;
所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理的过程包括:
获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度,并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中二氧化氮的浓度;
实时获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值、汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度;
根据所述浓度、排气压力值、转速以及当前温度计算出参考速度,并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度;
采用如下公式来计算参考速度:
Figure PCTCN2017074901-appb-000001
上式中,V为参考速度;r为汽车发动机的转速,C为二氧化氮 的浓度,T为光催化反应器中的当前温度,P为汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值,a为常数系数,a取值为0.15-0.39。
与现有技术相比,本发明的一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法及系统,通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气中所含有的有害气体的种类进行检测,并对各种有害气体进行标识,根据标识将有害气体特别是对二氧化氮进行处理,实现了对汽车尾气中的二氧化氮进行及时处理,可有效的提高尾气处理的效率,避免汽车尾气对环境造成污染和对人身造成伤害。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例中一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法的流程示意图;
图2为本发明的实施例中一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面,结合附图以及具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述:
汽车尾气经过净化器之后,其内包含的有害气体通常会处于标准状态,但是在发动机出现故障或者净化器出故障的情况下,可能会出现超标的尾气,本发明主要是针对尾气的二次处理。如图1所示,本实施例所述的一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤S101,通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控,并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度,生成相应的电信 号。
步骤S102,根据生成的电信号分析得出有害气体的种类,并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识,以便于对不同的有害气体进行区分。
由于汽车尾气中通常包含有一氧化氮、碳氢化合物、硫氧化合物、氮氧化合物等各种有害气体。而这些气体中每种气体具有特定的特征吸收谱带与特征频率,当红外光谱落在特征频率带附近的时候会被强烈的吸收。所以可通过相应特征频率的红外光谱来检测尾气中有害气体的成分。
步骤S103,根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有二氧化氮。如果尾气中含有二氧化氮,则可以执行步骤S104。
步骤S104,若步骤S103的判断结果为是,即若根据所述标识判断得出各尾气中的有害气体含有二氧化氮,则生成催化反应指令,通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理。
具体的,本实施例中可以将尾气通过具有二氧化钛光催化反应层并利用紫外灯发射紫外线的方式来对二氧化氮进行吸收和处理,由于本实施例是针对汽车尾气的二次处理,通常汽车尾气中的有害物质的含量通常不会太高,所以通过光催化反应之后可以彻底将二氧化氮吸收和处理。
作为优选的实施例,在根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类步骤之前,还可以包括如下步骤:将该电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理。具体可分别通过滤波电路及放大电路对电信号进行滤波及放大处理。 通过对电信号进行滤波及放大处理后,可以有效的提高电信号检测的准确度。
在一个实施例中,若步骤S103中,根据所述标识判断各尾气中的有害气体除了二氧化氮之外,还含有一氧化碳,则可以生成吸收指令,并在处理完二氧化氮后,通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。
作为一个较好的实施例,该一氧化碳吸收剂可为一种由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物,且所述组合物中氮化物可以占0.47-0.82摩尔比。此外,所述无机载体可以为:多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛等。该氮化物可为:吡啶及
Figure PCTCN2017074901-appb-000002
的组合物等。该一氧化碳吸收剂可以有效吸收尾气中的一氧化。
另外,作为一个较好的实施例,所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理的过程包括:
获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度,并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中二氧化氮的浓度;
实时获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值、汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度;
根据所述浓度、排气压力值、转速以及当前温度计算出参考速度,并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度。
本实施例中,可以采用如下公式来计算参考速度:
Figure PCTCN2017074901-appb-000003
上式中,V为参考速度;r为汽车发动机的转速,C为二氧化氮的浓度,T为光催化反应器中的当前温度,P为汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值,a为常数系数,介于0.15-0.39之间。通过控制尾气排放到光催化反应器中的的速度,使得二氧化氮能够在光催化反应器中被更完全的吸收,从而可以有效提高二氧化氮处理的效率。特别的,经过大量的实验数据证明,当a的值取为0.25时,二氧化氮处理的效率将达到最佳。
作为优选的实施例,在进行二氧化氮处理之后,还可以包括如下步骤:
对已经处理过的汽车尾气进行收集,并进行加压至将尾气中的二氧化碳及氮气进行分离;
将分离后的氮气排放出去,并存储分离出来的二氧化碳。
本实施例中由于氮气的密度比二氧化碳小,经过加压至一定范围之后氮气会浮于二氧化碳至上。如此通过一上端有开口的容器中进行加压处理,当容器中的压强足够将二氧化碳及氮气分离时,将上端开口打开将氮气排放出去,从而可以收集二氧化碳。虽然二氧化碳排放在空气中会造成环境污染,但是其可以用于工农业生产,如此可以有效对二氧化碳进行合理利用,避免污染环境。
参照图2,与上述处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法相对应,本发明还提供一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的系统,包括:
尾气检测模块101,用于通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行 实时监控,并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度,生成相应的电信号;
标识模块102,用于根据生成的电信号分析得出有害气体的种类,并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识;
判断模块103,用于根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有二氧化氮;
二氧化氮处理模块104,用于在所述判断模块103的判断结果为是时,生成催化反应指令,通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理。
作为一个较好的实施例,本发明的一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的系统还可以包括:
一氧化碳处理模块,用于若根据所述标识判断各尾气中的有害气体还含有一氧化碳时,则生成吸收指令,并在处理完二氧化氮后,通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。
优选的,所述二氧化氮处理模块104可以包括:
浓度计算模块,用于获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度,并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中二氧化氮的浓度;
参数获取模块,实时获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值、汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度;
速度调节模块,用于根据所述浓度、排气压力值、转速以及当前温度计算出参考速度,并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化 反应器中的速度。通过控制尾气排放到光催化反应器中的的速度,使得二氧化氮能够在光催化反应器中被更完全的吸收,从而可以有效提高二氧化氮处理的效率
上述一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的系统的其它技术特征与本发明一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法相同,此处不予赘述。
通过以上方案可以看出,本发明实施例的一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法及系统,通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气中所含有的有害气体的种类进行检测,并对各种有害气体进行标识,根据标识将有害气体特别是对二氧化氮进行处理,实现了对汽车尾气中的二氧化氮进行及时处理,可有效的提高尾气处理的效率,避免汽车尾气对环境造成污染和对人身造成伤害。
对本领域的技术人员来说,可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思,做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变,而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
    通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控,并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度,生成相应的电信号;
    根据生成的电信号分析得出有害气体的种类,并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识;
    根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有二氧化氮;
    若是,则生成催化反应指令,通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理;
    所述进行二氧化氮处理的过程包括:
    将尾气通过具有二氧化钛光催化反应层并利用紫外灯发射紫外线的方式来对二氧化氮进行吸收和处理;
    所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行二氧化氮处理的过程包括:
    获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度,并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中二氧化氮的浓度;
    实时获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值、汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度;
    根据所述浓度、排气压力值、转速以及当前温度计算出参考速度,并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度;
    采用如下公式来计算参考速度:
    Figure PCTCN2017074901-appb-100001
    上式中,V为参考速度;r为汽车发动机的转速,C为二氧化氮的浓度,T为光催化反应器中的当前温度,P为汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值,a为常数系数,a取值为0.15-0.39。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,其特征在于,若根据所述标识判断各尾气中的有害气体还含有一氧化碳,则生成吸收指令,并在处理完二氧化氮后,通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,其特征在于,所述一氧化碳吸收剂为由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物,且该组合物中氮化物占0.47-0.82摩尔比;所述无机载体包括:多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛;所述氮化物为吡啶及
    Figure PCTCN2017074901-appb-100002
    的组合物。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,其特征在于,在根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类步骤之前,还包括将该电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理的步骤。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,其特征在于,
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的处理汽车尾气中二氧化氮的方法,其特征在于,在进行二氧化氮处理之后,还包括:
    对已经处理过的汽车尾气进行收集,并进行加压至将尾气中的二 氧化碳及氮气进行分离;
    将分离后的氮气排放出去,并存储分离出来的二氧化碳。
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