WO2017173963A1 - 3d打印机 - Google Patents

3d打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017173963A1
WO2017173963A1 PCT/CN2017/079218 CN2017079218W WO2017173963A1 WO 2017173963 A1 WO2017173963 A1 WO 2017173963A1 CN 2017079218 W CN2017079218 W CN 2017079218W WO 2017173963 A1 WO2017173963 A1 WO 2017173963A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust
printer
valve
forming
exhaust fan
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PCT/CN2017/079218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
招銮
何德生
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硕威三维打印科技（上海）有限公司
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Publication of WO2017173963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017173963A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a printer, and more particularly to a 3D printer.
  • 3D printers can be implemented in a wide variety of technologies, and the most widely used industrialization is now the laser powder sintering technology SLS.
  • the SLS method uses an infrared laser as an energy source, and most of the modeling materials used are powder materials.
  • the powder is first preheated to a temperature slightly below its melting point, and then the powder is laid flat under the action of the powder scraping mechanism; the laser beam is selectively sintered according to the layered cross-section information under computer control, and the layer is completed. After the next layer of sintering, after removing all the excess powder after sintering, a sintered part can be obtained.
  • the sintering of all layers can be done automatically, but the existing technology is that when the parts are sintered, it is necessary to manually insert the machine and take out the forming barrel for cooling. If not treated in time, the powder in the forming barrel will be aged and reduced. The recycling rate of the powder increases the cost of use; and if manual intervention is required during the holidays, manual work is required to increase the labor cost of use. Since the thermal insulation of the forming barrel needs good insulation performance, the door of the thermal storage compartment is thick, which is not conducive to automatic opening and direct opening of the door cooling. The high temperature will be conducted along the top of the door, and the top door and other sheet metal parts will be burned out. .
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a 3D printer that realizes fully automated operation without manual intervention, reduces production costs, improves production efficiency, and reduces unnecessary losses due to aging of materials.
  • a 3D printer which comprises a ventilation duct, a strong exhaust fan, an intake valve, an exhaust valve, and a
  • the barrel has one end of the ventilation duct connected to the exhaust valve, the other end of the ventilation duct is connected with the forced exhaust fan, the exhaust valve is located at the side of the forming barrel, and the intake valve is located at the bottom of the forming barrel.
  • the forming bucket is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is in communication with the exhaust valve.
  • the forming bucket is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is in communication with the intake valve.
  • the side of the strong exhaust fan is provided with a top exhaust port, and the top exhaust port is connected with the ventilation duct.
  • the forced exhaust fan and the top exhaust port are all located on one plate.
  • the forming bucket is mounted on a frame.
  • the bottom end of the frame is provided with rollers and spacers.
  • the positive progress of the present invention is that the present invention achieves fully automated operation without manual intervention, reduces production costs, improves production efficiency, and reduces unnecessary losses due to aging of materials.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one side of a 3D printer of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the other side of the 3D printer of the present invention.
  • the 3D printer of the present invention comprises a ventilation duct 1, a forced exhaust fan 2, an intake valve 3, an exhaust valve 4, a forming barrel 5, and one end of the ventilation duct 1 is connected to the exhaust valve 4, and the ventilation duct The other end of 1 is connected to the forced draft fan 2, the exhaust valve 4 is located at the side of the forming drum 5, and the intake valve 3 is located at the bottom of the forming drum 5.
  • the forming bucket 5 is provided with an exhaust port 6 which communicates with the exhaust valve 4, so that it is convenient to control the exhaust.
  • the forming bucket 5 is provided with an air inlet 7 which communicates with the intake valve 3, so that it is convenient to control the intake air.
  • the side of the forced exhaust fan 2 is provided with a top exhaust port 8 which is connected to the ventilation duct 1, and the top exhaust port facilitates the discharge of the gas.
  • the forced exhaust fan 2 and the top exhaust port 8 are all located on a flat plate 10, which increases stability.
  • the forming drum 5 is mounted on a frame 9 to increase stability.
  • the bottom end of the frame 9 is provided with a roller 10 and a spacer 11, which is convenient for moving and fixing.
  • the invention combines a natural convection ventilation pipe with a strong exhaust fan, and through the dual control of the intake valve and the exhaust valve, when the system is working normally, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are tightly closed, so that the heat of the system is not enough. Lost.
  • the system will detect the cooling of the forming bucket, properly open the intake and exhaust valves, allow the forming bucket to perform natural convection cooling, and turn on the forced exhaust fan for forced air cooling when appropriate. Accelerate the cooling process, try to speed up the cooling process as much as possible without deforming the workpiece inside the forming barrel. The whole process does not require manual intervention and is fully automated, reducing the cost of manual intervention and the loss caused by misoperation.
  • Ventilation ducts and intake and exhaust valves are special parts for high temperature resistance, otherwise they cannot withstand the discharge of high temperature gas and damage the valve body and piping.
  • the temperature control is switched according to the temperature and the completion time of the operation.
  • the intake valve and the exhaust valve are opened first, and the forced exhaust fan is not opened, so that the forming barrel is slowly cooled by the convection principle, so that The temperature of the forming barrel is not lowered too quickly, causing deformation of the workpiece inside.
  • the system automatically opens the forced exhaust fan to speed up the cooling and enhance the cooling effect.
  • the present invention realizes fully automated operation, does not require manual intervention, reduces production costs, improves production efficiency, and reduces unnecessary damage due to aging of materials. Lost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

一种3D打印机，其包括通风管道（1）、强排风扇（2）、进气阀（3）、排气阀（4）、成形桶（5），通风管道的一端与排气阀连接，通风管道的另一端与强排风扇连接，排气阀位于成形桶的侧面，进气阀位于成形桶的底部。该打印机实现全自动化操作，不需要人工介入，降低了生产成本，提高了生产效率，并且减少因为材料老化造成的不必要损失。

Description

3D打印机 【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种打印机，特别是涉及一种3D打印机。
【背景技术】
3D打印机可以通过很多种技术实现，现在工业化方面使用最广泛的是属于激光粉末烧结技术SLS。SLS法采用红外激光器作能源，使用的造型材料多为粉末材料。加工时，首先将粉末预热到稍低于其熔点的温度，然后在刮粉机构的作用下将粉末铺平；激光束在计算机控制下根据分层截面信息进行有选择地烧结，一层完成后再进行下一层烧结，全部烧结完后去掉多余的粉末，则就可以得到一烧结好的零件。所有层的烧结能自动完成，但是现有的技术是当零件烧结完成后，需要人手介入打开机器和拿出成形桶进行冷却，如果不及时处理，还会导致成型桶里面的粉体老化，降低粉末的循环利用率，提高了使用成本；而且如果在节假日还需要人工介入的话，必要需要人工值班，增加使用的人工成本。由于成形桶的保温仓需要保温性能好，所以保温仓的舱门厚大，不利于进行自动打开而且直接打开舱门冷却的话，高温会沿着门顶部传导，会烧坏顶门和其他钣金件。
【发明内容】
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种3D打印机，其实现全自动化操作，不需要人工介入，降低了生产成本，提高了生产效率，并且减少因为材料老化造成的不必要损失。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的：一种3D打印机，其特征在于，其包括通风管道、强排风扇、进气阀、排气阀、成 形桶，通风管道的一端与排气阀连接，通风管道的另一端与强排风扇连接，排气阀位于成形桶的侧面，进气阀位于成形桶的底部。
优选地，所述成形桶上设有排气口，排气口与排气阀连通。
优选地，所述成形桶上设有进气口，进气口与进气阀连通。
优选地，所述强排风扇的侧面设有顶排气口，顶排气口与通风管道连接。
优选地，所述强排风扇、顶排气口都位于一个平板上。
优选地，所述成形桶安装在一个机架上。
优选地，所述机架的底端设有滚轮和垫块。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：本发明实现全自动化操作，不需要人工介入，降低了生产成本，提高了生产效率，并且减少因为材料老化造成的不必要损失。
【附图说明】
图1为本发明3D打印机的一侧立体结构示意图。
图2为本发明3D打印机的另一侧立体结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图给出本发明较佳实施例，以详细说明本发明的技术方案。
如图1和图2所示，本发明3D打印机包括通风管道1、强排风扇2、进气阀3、排气阀4、成形桶5，通风管道1的一端与排气阀4连接，通风管道1的另一端与强排风扇2连接，排气阀4位于成形桶5的侧面，进气阀3位于成形桶5的底部。
成形桶5上设有排气口6，排气口6与排气阀4连通，这样方便控制排气。
成形桶5上设有进气口7，进气口7与进气阀3连通，这样方便控制进气。
强排风扇2的侧面设有顶排气口8，顶排气口8与通风管道1连接，顶排气口方便将气体排出。
强排风扇2、顶排气口8都位于一个平板10上，这样增加稳定性。
成形桶5安装在一个机架9上，这样增加稳定性。
机架9的底端设有滚轮10和垫块11，这样方便移动和固定。
本发明在自然对流的通风管道加上强排风扇结合，通过进气阀和排气阀的双重控制，系统在机器正常工作的时候，进气阀和排气阀紧闭，让系统的热量不至散失。当机器处于冷却阶段的时候，系统会侦测成形桶的冷却情况，适当打开进气阀和排气阀，让成形桶进行自然的对流冷却，并在适当时候开启强排风扇进行强排风冷，加快冷却的过程，尽可能在成形桶里面的工件不变形的情况下尽量加快冷却的过程，整个过程不需要人手的介入，全自动进行，减少了人工介入的成本和误操作引起的损失。
通风管道和进排气阀都是耐高温专用部件，否则不能承受高温气体的排放，损坏阀体和管道。
温控的切换是根据温度和作业的完成时间，在成形桶的温度还处于高温时，先打开进气阀和排气阀，不打开强排风扇，让成形桶利用对流原理缓慢降温，这样的话就不至于让成形桶的温度降低太快，造成里面的工件变形。在成形桶的温度降到一定的温度后，系统自动打开强排风扇，加快冷却，加强冷却效果。
综上所述，本发明实现全自动化操作，不需要人工介入，降低了生产成本，提高了生产效率，并且减少因为材料老化造成的不必要损 失。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的解决的技术问题、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种3D打印机，其特征在于，其包括通风管道、强排风扇、进气阀、排气阀、成形桶，通风管道的一端与排气阀连接，通风管道的另一端与强排风扇连接，排气阀位于成形桶的侧面，进气阀位于成形桶的底部。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述成形桶上设有排气口，排气口与排气阀连通。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述成形桶上设有进气口，进气口与进气阀连通。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述强排风扇的侧面设有顶排气口，顶排气口与通风管道连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述强排风扇、顶排气口都位于一个平板上。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述成形桶安装在一个机架上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述机架的底端设有滚轮和垫块。
PCT/CN2017/079218 2016-04-08 2017-04-01 3d打印机 WO2017173963A1 (zh)

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CN105665707A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-06-15 硕威三维打印科技（上海）有限公司 3d打印机
CN117656204B (zh) * 2023-12-13 2024-04-30 合肥巨隆通风设备有限责任公司 一种用于烟道的3d打印装置

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