WO2017169569A1 - 保護膜形成用組成物、保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法、パターン形成方法、および、電子デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
保護膜形成用組成物、保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法、パターン形成方法、および、電子デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1806—C6-(meth)acrylate, e.g. (cyclo)hexyl (meth)acrylate or phenyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1807—C7-(meth)acrylate, e.g. heptyl (meth)acrylate or benzyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1808—C8-(meth)acrylate, e.g. isooctyl (meth)acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/283—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing one or more carboxylic moiety in the chain, e.g. acetoacetoxyethyl(meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D125/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D125/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C09D125/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D125/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D125/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C09D133/16—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters containing halogen atoms
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
- G03F7/0397—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition the macromolecular compound having an alicyclic moiety in a side chain
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- G03F7/168—Finishing the coated layer, e.g. drying, baking, soaking
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- G03F7/2004—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image characterised by the use of a particular light source, e.g. fluorescent lamps or deep UV light
- G03F7/2006—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image characterised by the use of a particular light source, e.g. fluorescent lamps or deep UV light using coherent light; using polarised light
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/38—Treatment before imagewise removal, e.g. prebaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
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- C08F220/1811—C10or C11-(Meth)acrylate, e.g. isodecyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate or 2-naphthyl (meth)acrylate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protective film forming composition, a protective film forming composition manufacturing method, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method.
- Patent Document 1 states that “a protective film forming composition for a negative pattern forming method using a developer containing an organic solvent, which contains [A] a fluorine atom-containing polymer, and [B] a solvent. , [B] The protective film forming composition, wherein the solvent contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a chain ether solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent, and an alcohol solvent having 5 or more carbon atoms. Are listed.
- the inventor examined the composition for forming a protective film described in Patent Document 1, and formed and laminated a protective film on the resist film using the protective film-forming composition after a certain period of time after the production. It has been clarified that when a pattern is formed using a laminated film, the focus margin (Depth ⁇ ofDFocus; DOF) and / or the exposure margin (Exposure Latitude; EL) may be insufficient. .
- the present inventor is able to solve the above-mentioned problems with a protective film-forming composition containing a resin, a basic compound, a solvent, and an antioxidant.
- the present invention has been completed by finding out what can be done. That is, it has been found that the above-described problem can be achieved by the following configuration.
- a composition for forming a protective film comprising a resin, a basic compound, a solvent, and an antioxidant.
- the resin contains a resin XA and a resin XB containing a fluorine atom, and the resin XA is a resin that does not contain a fluorine atom or contains a fluorine atom.
- [12] A step of forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film on a substrate using the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, and the protection according to any one of [1] to [10] Using the film-forming composition, forming a protective film on the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, exposing the laminated film including the actinic-ray sensitive or radiation-sensitive film and the protective film, and And developing the exposed laminated film using a developer.
- the protective film-forming composition contains a resin, a basic compound, a solvent, and an antioxidant. , Pattern formation method. [13] The pattern forming method according to [12], wherein the exposure is immersion exposure. [14] A method for manufacturing an electronic device, comprising the pattern forming method according to any one of [12] and [13].
- the composition for protective film formation which can perform the pattern formation which is excellent in a focus margin and an exposure margin after storing for a predetermined period can be provided.
- the manufacturing method of the composition for protective film formation, the pattern formation method, and the manufacturing method of an electronic device can also be provided.
- the description of the constituent elements described below may be made based on typical embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
- the description that does not describe substitution and non-substitution includes those that do not have a substituent and those that have a substituent, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It is included.
- the “alkyl group” includes not only an alkyl group having no substituent (unsubstituted alkyl group) but also an alkyl group having a substituent (substituted alkyl group). This is synonymous also about each compound.
- radiation in the present specification means, for example, an emission line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays represented by an excimer laser, extreme ultraviolet rays, EUV (Extreme ultraviolet), X-rays, and electron beams.
- light means actinic rays or radiation.
- exposure means not only exposure by far ultraviolet rays, X-rays and EUV represented by mercury lamps and excimer lasers, but also particle beams such as electron beams and ion beams, unless otherwise specified. Drawing is also included in the exposure.
- (meth) acrylate represents both and / or acrylate and methacrylate
- (meth) acryl represents both and / or acryl and methacryl
- “monomer” and “monomer” are synonymous.
- the monomer in the present specification is distinguished from an oligomer and a polymer, and means a compound having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 or less unless otherwise specified.
- the polymerizable compound means a compound having a polymerizable functional group, and may be a monomer or a polymer.
- the polymerizable functional group refers to a group that participates in a polymerization reaction.
- preparation in the present specification means that a specific material is synthesized or blended, and a predetermined item is procured by purchase or the like.
- a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- composition for forming protective film contains a resin, a basic compound, a solvent, and an antioxidant.
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention can form a pattern having excellent focus margin and exposure margin even after storage for a predetermined period (hereinafter, also referred to as “effect of the present invention”).
- Composition Although details of this reason are not clear, the present inventor presumes as follows. Chemically amplified resists are classified into a positive type and a negative type. In general, a composition containing a photoacid generator and a resin whose polarity is changed by the action of an acid is used. By exposing this composition, the acid produced by the photoacid generator contained in the exposed area acts on the resin, and the polarity of the resin changes. Therefore, a positive or negative pattern is obtained by developing the exposed composition with a developer containing an alkali developer or an organic solvent.
- the basic compound may be chemically changed and the above neutralization function may be lost.
- the passage of a certain period from the production means, for example, that the product is stored for a certain period from the production to the use.
- the chemical change of the basic compound is caused by a peroxide contained in the protective film forming composition.
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention contains a resin, a basic compound, a solvent, and an antioxidant.
- the antioxidant contained in the protective film-forming composition prevents the basic compound from being chemically changed by the peroxide contained in the protective film-forming composition. Is presumed to have been obtained. Below, each component of the composition for protective film formation of this invention is explained in full detail.
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention contains a resin.
- the resin has the following actions, for example, in the protective film formed on the resist film using the protective film-forming composition. First, in the immersion exposure, it is an action that minimizes or prevents the movement of the resist film component to the immersion liquid. In addition, at the interface between the protective film and the immersion liquid, it is an effect of preventing defects due to the remaining liquid of the immersion liquid during the scan exposure of the immersion exposure machine.
- known resins can be used. For example, the resins described in paragraphs 0016 to 0165 of JP-A-2014-56194 can be used, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the resin preferably contains a resin XA and a resin XB.
- the resin XB is a resin containing a fluorine atom
- the resin XA is a resin that does not contain a fluorine atom, or when the resin XA contains a fluorine atom, the content of fluorine atoms on a mass basis is the resin XB.
- It is a resin having a lower content of fluorine atoms. Since the resin contains two types of resins XA and XB having different fluorine atom contents, the resin XB having a higher fluorine atom content tends to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the protective film. It is presumed that hydrophobicity is likely to increase.
- the protective film has a better receding contact angle for water. Thereby, generation
- the resist film in which the protective film of the present invention is laminated is an excellent EL. And have a DOF. Below, the suitable aspect of resin XB containing resin XA and a fluorine atom is explained in full detail.
- the resin XA is preferably transparent to the exposure light source to be used because light reaches the resist film through the protective film during exposure.
- the resin When used in ArF immersion exposure, the resin preferably has substantially no aromatic group from the viewpoint of transparency to ArF light.
- the fluorine atom content in the resin XA is preferably 0 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0 to 2.5% by mass, and even more preferably 0% by mass.
- a hydrophobic film made of the later-described resin XB having a higher fluorine atom content is easily formed on the surface of the protective film. The present invention has more excellent effects of the present invention.
- the resin XA is preferably a resin having a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion.
- CH 3 partial structure contained in the side chain moiety in the resin XA (hereinafter, simply referred to as "side chain CH 3 partial structure") is intended to include CH 3 partial structure ethyl group and propyl group having It is.
- a methyl group directly bonded to the main chain of the resin XA (for example, an ⁇ -methyl group of a repeating unit having a methacrylic acid structure) is not included in the CH 3 partial structure in the present invention.
- the resin XA includes a repeating unit derived from a monomer having a polymerizable moiety having a carbon-carbon double bond, such as a repeating unit represented by the formula (M).
- R 11 to R 14 are CH 3 “as is”, the CH 3 is not included in the CH 3 partial structure of the side chain moiety in the present invention.
- CH 3 partial structure exists through some atoms from C-C backbone, and those falling under CH 3 partial structures in the present invention.
- R 11 is an ethyl group (CH 2 CH 3 )
- R 11 to R 14 each independently represents a side chain portion.
- R 11 to R 14 include a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- the monovalent organic group include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyl group, a cycloalkylaminocarbonyl group, and an arylamino group.
- a carbonyl group etc. are mentioned, These groups may have a substituent further.
- the resin XA is preferably a resin having a repeating unit having a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion. From the group consisting of the repeating unit represented by the formula (II) and the repeating unit represented by the formula (III), the resin XA is such that the composition for forming a protective film has more excellent effects of the present invention. It is more preferable to have at least one repeating unit (x) selected. Among these, when KrF, EUV, or electron beam (EB) is used as the exposure light source, it is more preferable that the resin XA has a repeating unit represented by the formula (III).
- X b1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cyano group or a halogen atom
- R 2 has one or more CH 3 partial structure represents a stable organic radical to acid.
- the organic group that is stable against an acid is more preferably an organic group that does not have a group that decomposes by the action of an acid to generate an alkali-soluble group.
- action of an acid and produces an alkali-soluble group is group which the resin contained in the actinic-ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition mentioned later may have.
- the alkyl group for Xb1 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, and a trifluoromethyl group. Of these, a methyl group is preferable.
- X b1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 2 examples include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures.
- the cycloalkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkenyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group may further have an alkyl group as a substituent.
- R 2 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures.
- the acid-stable organic group having one or more CH 3 partial structures preferably has 2 to 10 CH 3 partial structures, more preferably 3 to 8.
- the alkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures in R 2 is preferably a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Preferred alkyl groups include, for example, isopropyl group, isobutyl group, 3-pentyl group, 2-methyl-3-butyl group, 3-hexyl group, 2-methyl-3-pentyl group, and 3-methyl-4-hexyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures in R 2 may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples thereof include a group having a monocyclo structure, a bicyclo structure, a tricyclo structure, and a tetracyclo structure having 5 or more carbon atoms. Of these, the carbon number is preferably 6 to 30, and more preferably 7 to 25.
- cycloalkyl group examples include an adamantyl group, a noradamantyl group, a decalin residue, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, a norbornyl group, a cedrol group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- Cyclodecanyl group, and cyclododecanyl group are preferred.
- R 2 is preferably a cycloalkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures. More preferred are polycyclic cycloalkyl groups having one or more CH 3 partial structures, more preferred are polycyclic cycloalkyl groups having two or more CH 3 partial structures, and three or more CH 3 partial structures. Polycyclic cycloalkyl groups are particularly preferred. Of these, a polycyclic cycloalkyl group substituted with three or more alkyl groups is most preferred.
- the alkenyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures in R 2 is preferably a linear or branched alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a branched alkenyl group.
- the aryl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures in R 2 is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, and a phenyl group is more preferable. .
- the aralkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures in R 2 is preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, and a naphthylmethyl group.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group having two or more CH 3 partial structures in R 2 include isopropyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, 3-pentyl group, 2-methyl-3-butyl group, and 3-hexyl.
- Examples thereof include a cyclohexyl group, 4-isopropylcyclohexyl group, 4-t-butylcyclohexyl group, and isobornyl group.
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (II) is preferably an acid-stable (non-acid-decomposable) repeating unit. Specifically, the repeating unit generates an alkali-soluble group by the action of the above-mentioned acid. A repeating unit having no group is preferred.
- Xb2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom, and among them, a hydrogen atom is preferable.
- the alkyl group an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, and a trifluoromethyl group.
- * represents a bonding position.
- R 3 represents an acid-stable organic group having one or more CH 3 partial structures.
- the acid-stable organic group having one or more CH 3 partial structures preferably has 1 to 10 CH 3 partial structures, more preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4 preferable.
- R 3 may be an alkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures, and among them, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and having one or more CH 3 partial structures is preferable.
- branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms include isopropyl group, isobutyl group, 3-pentyl group, 2-methyl-3-butyl group, 3-hexyl group, 2-methyl-3-pentyl group, 3 -Methyl-4-hexyl group, 3,5-dimethyl-4-pentyl group, isooctyl group, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, 2,6-dimethylheptyl group, 1,5-dimethyl Examples include a -3-heptyl group and a 2,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-heptyl group.
- R 3 may be an alkyl group having two or more CH 3 partial structures, for example, isopropyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, 3-pentyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 2- Methyl-3-butyl group, 3-hexyl group, 2-methyl-3-pentyl group, 3-methyl-4-hexyl group, 3,5-dimethyl-4-pentyl group, isooctyl group, 2,4,4- Examples thereof include a trimethylpentyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a 2,6-dimethylheptyl group, a 1,5-dimethyl-3-heptyl group, and a 2,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-heptyl group.
- a branched alkyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable.
- R 3 is an organic group that is stable against an acid, more specifically, R 3 is preferably an organic group that does not have a group that decomposes by the action of the acid to generate an alkali-soluble group. .
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5, preferably represents an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably represents 1 or 2.
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (III) is preferably an acid-stable (non-acid-decomposable) repeating unit.
- the alkali-soluble group is decomposed by the action of an acid as described above. It is preferable that it is a repeating unit which does not have the generated group.
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (II) and the repeating unit represented by the formula (III) The content of at least one repeating unit (x) selected from the group consisting of is preferably 90 mol% or more, more preferably 95 mol% or more, based on all repeating units of the resin XA. preferable.
- the above-mentioned content rate is 100 mol% or less normally with respect to all the repeating units of resin XA.
- Resin XA contains at least one repeating unit (x) selected from the group consisting of the repeating unit represented by formula (II) and the repeating unit represented by formula (III) for all repeating of resin XA.
- the surface free energy of the resin XA increases, and the surface free energy of the resin XB containing a fluorine atom described later tends to be relatively small.
- a resin XB containing fluorine atoms, which will be described later tends to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the protective film formed by the protective film-forming composition of the present invention, and the receding contact angle of the protective film surface is increased.
- the resist film having the protective film formed from the protective film forming composition of the present invention is less likely to generate defects due to the remaining liquid of the immersion liquid during scan exposure.
- the resin XA is preferably a resin containing a repeating unit derived from a monomer containing a fluorine atom and / or a silicon atom as long as the effects of the present invention are obtained, and contains a fluorine atom and / or a silicon atom. More preferably, it is a water-insoluble resin containing a repeating unit derived from the monomer. By containing a repeating unit derived from a monomer containing a fluorine atom and / or a silicon atom, good solubility in an organic solvent developer can be obtained, and the effects of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained.
- Resin XA may have a fluorine atom and / or a silicon atom in the main chain of resin XA or in a side chain.
- Resin XA is preferably a resin having an alkyl group having a fluorine atom, a cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom, or an aryl group having a fluorine atom as a partial structure having a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group having a fluorine atom (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms) is a linear or branched alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, Furthermore, you may have another substituent.
- the cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom is a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have another substituent.
- aryl group having a fluorine atom examples include those in which at least one hydrogen atom of an aryl group such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have another substituent.
- alkyl group having a fluorine atom the alkyl group having a fluorine atom, the cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom, and the aryl group having a fluorine atom are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- R 57 to R 64 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group. However, at least one of R 57 to R 61 and R 62 to R 64 represents a fluorine atom or an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom. . All of R 57 to R 61 are preferably fluorine atoms.
- R 62 and R 63 are preferably an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, and more preferably a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. . R 62 and R 63 may be connected to each other to form a ring.
- Specific examples of the group represented by the formula (F2) include a p-fluorophenyl group, a pentafluorophenyl group, and a 3,5-di (trifluoromethyl) phenyl group.
- Specific examples of the group represented by formula (F3) include, for example, trifluoroethyl group, pentafluoropropyl group, pentafluoroethyl group, heptafluorobutyl group, hexafluoroisopropyl group, heptafluoroisopropyl group, hexafluoro ( 2-methyl) isopropyl group, nonafluorobutyl group, octafluoroisobutyl group, nonafluorohexyl group, nonafluoro-t-butyl group, perfluoroisopentyl group, perfluorooctyl group, perfluoro (trimethyl) hexyl group, 2, Examples include 2,3,3-tetrafluorocyclobutyl group and perfluorocyclohexyl group.
- a hexafluoroisopropyl group, a heptafluoroisopropyl group, a hexafluoro (2-methyl) isopropyl group, an octafluoroisobutyl group, a nonafluoro-t-butyl group, and a perfluoroisopentyl group are preferable, a hexafluoroisopropyl group, and A heptafluoroisopropyl group is more preferred.
- Resin XA is preferably a resin having an alkylsilyl structure (preferably a trialkylsilyl group) or a cyclic siloxane structure as a partial structure having a silicon atom.
- alkylsilyl structure or the cyclic siloxane structure include groups represented by formulas (CS-1) to (CS-3).
- R 12 to R 26 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group (preferably having a carbon number of 1 to 20), or a cycloalkyl group (preferably Represents a carbon number of 3 to 20).
- L 3 to L 5 each represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group include an alkylene group, a phenyl group, an ether group, a thioether group, a carbonyl group, an ester group, an amide group, a urethane group, and a urea group, and a single group or two or more groups. The combination of is mentioned.
- n an integer of 1 to 5.
- the resin XA is preferably a resin having at least one selected from the group consisting of repeating units represented by the formulas (CI) to (CV).
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched group Represents a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 4 to R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched group. Represents a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Note that at least one of R 4 to R 7 represents a fluorine atom.
- R 4 and R 5 , or R 6 and R 7 may form a ring.
- W 1 and W 2 represent an organic group having at least one of a fluorine atom and a silicon atom.
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 9 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- L 1 and L 2 represent a single bond or a divalent linking group, and the embodiment of the exemplified divalent linking group is the same as L 3 to L 5 described above.
- Q represents a monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic aliphatic group. That is, it represents an atomic group for forming an alicyclic structure containing two bonded carbon atoms (C—C).
- R 30 and R 31 each independently represent hydrogen or a fluorine atom.
- R 32 and R 33 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a fluorinated alkyl group, or a fluorinated cycloalkyl group. However, at least one selected from the group consisting of R 30 , R 31 , R 32 , and R 33 has at least one fluorine atom.
- the resin XA preferably has a repeating unit represented by the formula (CI), and is at least one selected from the group consisting of repeating units represented by the formulas (C-Ia) to (C-Id). It is more preferable to have.
- R 10 and R 11 are a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a carbon number having 1 to 4 Represents a linear or branched fluorinated alkyl group.
- W 3 to W 6 represent an organic group having at least one of a fluorine atom and a silicon atom.
- W 1 to W 6 are an organic group having a fluorine atom, a fluorinated linear or branched alkyl group or cycloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or fluorine having 1 to 20 carbon atoms It is preferably a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl ether group.
- Examples of the fluorinated alkyl group of W 1 to W 6 include trifluoroethyl group, pentafluoropropyl group, hexafluoroisopropyl group, hexafluoro (2-methyl) isopropyl group, heptafluorobutyl group, heptafluoroisopropyl group, octafluoro Examples thereof include an isobutyl group, a nonafluorohexyl group, a nonafluoro-t-butyl group, a perfluoroisopentyl group, a perfluorooctyl group, and a perfluoro (trimethyl) hexyl group.
- W 1 to W 6 are organic groups having a silicon atom, it is preferably an alkylsilyl structure or a cyclic siloxane structure. Specific examples include groups represented by the above formulas (CS-1) to (CS-3).
- X represents a hydrogen atom, —CH 3 , —F, or —CF 3 .
- Resin XA may have a repeating unit represented by the following formula (Ia) in order to adjust the solubility in an organic solvent developer.
- R f represents a fluorine atom or an alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, preferably having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a trifluoromethyl group.
- R 1 represents an alkyl group, preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched chain having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group is more preferable.
- X represents a fluorine atom or CF 3 .
- Resin XA may further have a repeating unit represented by the formula (IIIb).
- R 4 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, or a group having a cyclic siloxane structure.
- L 6 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the alkyl group represented by R 4 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the cycloalkyl group is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkenyl group is preferably an alkenyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the cycloalkenyl group is preferably a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the trialkylsilyl group is preferably a trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the group having a cyclic siloxane structure is preferably a group having a cyclic siloxane structure having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the divalent linking group of L 6 is preferably an alkylene group (preferably having 1 to 5 carbon atoms) or an oxy group.
- Resin XA may have a lactone group, an ester group, an acid anhydride, and / or a group similar to the above group that decomposes by the action of an acid to generate an alkali-soluble group. Resin XA may further have a repeating unit represented by Formula (VIII).
- the resin XA is preferably at least one resin selected from the group consisting of the following (X-1) to (X-8).
- (X-3) A resin having the following repeating unit (a) and the following repeating unit (c).
- (X-4) A resin having the following repeating unit (b) and the following repeating unit (c).
- X-6 a repeating unit (a) having a fluoroalkyl group (preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), a repeating unit (b) having a trialkylsilyl group or a cyclic siloxane structure, and a branched alkyl group (Preferably 4 to 20 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl group (preferably 4 to 20 carbon atoms), branched alkenyl group (preferably 4 to 20 carbon atoms), cycloalkenyl group (preferably 4 to 20 carbon atoms) Or a repeating unit (c) having an aryl group (preferably having 4 to 20 carbon atoms). More preferably, a copolymer resin comprising the repeating unit (a), the repeating unit (b), and the repeating unit (c).
- the resins (X-3), (X-4), and (X-6) it has a branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a branched alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, or an aryl group.
- An appropriate functional group can be introduced into the repeating unit (c) in consideration of hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity and interaction.
- the repeating unit constituting each of the above (X-1) to (X-6) further has a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group (d) (preferably having an alkali-soluble group having a pKa of 4 or more. Resin having a repeating unit).
- the repeating unit (a) having a fluoroalkyl group and / or a trialkylsilyl group, or a cyclic siloxane The content of the repeating unit (b) having a structure is preferably 1 to 99 mol%, more preferably 1 to 50 mol%, based on all the repeating units of the resin XA.
- the resin (X-7) has an alkali-soluble group (d), it is not only easy to peel off when an organic solvent developer is used, but other peeling solutions such as an alkaline aqueous solution can be used as a peeling solution. The ease of peeling when used as an improved.
- the resin XA is preferably solid at room temperature (25 ° C.). Further, the glass transition temperature (T g ) is preferably 50 to 200 ° C., more preferably 80 to 160 ° C. In the present specification, being solid at 25 ° C. means having a melting point of 25 ° C. or higher.
- the glass transition temperature (T g ) represents the glass transition temperature measured as follows using a differential scanning calorimeter. 10 mg of resin XA is weighed and set in an aluminum pan. Thereafter, the temperature is raised from room temperature to a temperature 5 ° C. lower than the 1% decomposition temperature at a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° C./min, then rapidly cooled, and again heated at 10 ° C./min to obtain a DSC curve. The temperature at which the obtained DSC curve is bent is defined as the glass transition temperature.
- the 1% decomposition temperature (° C.) is the value obtained when the thermogravimetry / differential thermal analysis (TG / DTA) thermogravimetry / differential thermal analysis is used to measure the 1% weight loss when the thermogravimetry is measured in a nitrogen atmosphere. Temperature (1% weight loss temperature) (° C.).
- Resin XA is preferably insoluble in an immersion liquid (preferably water) and soluble in an organic solvent developer (preferably a developer containing an ester solvent).
- an organic solvent developer preferably a developer containing an ester solvent.
- the resin XA is used from the viewpoint of being able to develop and peel off using an alkaline developer. It is preferable that it is also soluble in an alkali developer.
- the silicon atom content is preferably 2 to 50% by mass and more preferably 2 to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of the resin XA.
- the repeating unit containing a silicon atom is preferably 10 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 20 to 100% by mass in the resin XA.
- the protective film is insoluble in an immersion liquid (preferably water) of the protective film. Both the ease of peeling and the incompatibility between the protective film and the resist film can be improved.
- the protective film is insoluble in an immersion liquid (preferably water) of the protective film when an organic solvent developer is used. Both the ease of peeling and the incompatibility between the protective film and the resist film can be improved.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin XA is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 1,000 to 50,000, still more preferably 2,000 to 15,000, particularly preferably 3,000. ⁇ 15,000.
- the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are measured using GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) under the following conditions.
- Flow rate 1.0 mL / min ⁇
- resin XA has few impurities such as metals, but from the viewpoint of reducing elution from the protective film to the immersion liquid, the amount of residual monomer is 0 to 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of resin XA. It is preferably 0 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0 to 1% by mass.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn, also referred to as dispersion degree) of the resin XA is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and further preferably 1 to 1.5.
- the molecular weight distribution is a value that can be determined by the GPC method described above.
- Resin XA can use various commercially available products, and can be synthesized according to a conventional method (for example, radical polymerization).
- a conventional method for example, radical polymerization
- a monomer polymerization method in which a monomer species and an initiator are dissolved in a solvent and polymerization is performed by heating, and a solution of the monomer species and the initiator is dropped into the heating solvent over 1 to 10 hours.
- the dropping polymerization method is added, and the dropping polymerization method is preferable.
- reaction solvent examples include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, and diisopropyl ether; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate; dimethylformamide, and dimethylacetamide Amide solvent; solvents such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and cyclohexanone;
- the polymerization reaction is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen and / or argon.
- a commercially available radical initiator azo initiator, peroxide, etc.
- an azo initiator is preferable, and an azo initiator having an ester group, a cyano group, or a carboxyl group is preferable.
- Preferred initiators include azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisdimethylvaleronitrile, dimethyl 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionate), and the like.
- a chain transfer agent can also be used as needed.
- the solid content concentration in the reaction system is usually 5 to 50% by mass, preferably 20 to 50% by mass, more preferably 30 to 50% by mass.
- the reaction temperature is usually 10 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 30 ° C. to 120 ° C., more preferably 60 to 100 ° C.
- the reaction solution After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is allowed to cool to room temperature and purified. Purification is a liquid-liquid extraction method that removes residual monomer and / or oligomer components by combining water and / or an appropriate solvent; in a solution state such as ultrafiltration that extracts and removes only those having a specific molecular weight or less.
- the resin is solidified by contacting a solvent (poor solvent) in which the resin is hardly soluble or insoluble in a volume amount of 10 times or less, preferably 10 to 5 times the volume of the reaction solution (resin solution). To be precipitated.
- a solvent poor solvent
- the resin is hardly soluble or insoluble in a volume amount of 10 times or less, preferably 10 to 5 times the volume of the reaction solution (resin solution).
- the solvent (precipitation or reprecipitation solvent) used in the precipitation and / or reprecipitation operation from the resin solution may be a poor solvent for this resin.
- hydrocarbon penentane, Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and octane; cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; such as methylene chloride, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons); halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene; nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitroethane; nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile; diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, and dimethoxyethane Cyclic ethers such
- a solvent containing at least an alcohol (particularly methanol or the like) or water is preferable.
- the ratio of alcohol (particularly methanol, etc.) to other solvent eg, ester such as ethyl acetate and / or ether such as tetrahydrofuran
- the former / the latter Volume ratio; 25 ° C.
- the latter volume ratio; 25 ° C.
- the amount of the precipitation and / or reprecipitation solvent can be appropriately selected in consideration of efficiency and / or yield, etc., but generally 100 to 10,000 parts by mass, preferably 200 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin solution.
- the amount is 2000 parts by mass, more preferably 300 to 1000 parts by mass.
- the nozzle diameter when the resin solution is supplied into the precipitation and / or reprecipitation solvent (poor solvent) is preferably 4 mm ⁇ or less (for example, 0.2 to 4 mm ⁇ ).
- the supply speed (dropping speed) of the resin solution into the poor solvent is, for example, about 0.1 to 10 m / second, preferably about 0.3 to 5 m / second as the linear speed.
- Precipitation and / or reprecipitation operation is preferably performed with stirring.
- a stirring blade used for stirring for example, a desk turbine, a fan turbine (including a paddle), a curved blade turbine, an arrow blade turbine, a fiddler type, a bull margin type, an angled blade fan turbine, a propeller, a multistage type, an anchor type (or Horseshoe type), gate type, double ribbon, and screw.
- Stirring is preferably further performed for 10 minutes or more, particularly 20 minutes or more after the supply of the resin solution.
- the stirring time is short, the monomer content in the resin solution may not be sufficiently reduced. Further, the resin solution and the poor solvent can be mixed and stirred using a line mixer instead of the stirring blade.
- the temperature at the time of precipitation and / or reprecipitation can be appropriately selected in consideration of efficiency and / or operability, but is usually about 0 to 50 ° C., preferably around room temperature (for example, about 20 to 35 ° C.).
- the precipitation and / or reprecipitation operation can be carried out by a known method such as a batch method or a continuous method using a conventional mixing vessel such as a stirring tank.
- Precipitated and / or re-precipitated particulate resin is usually subjected to known solid-liquid separation such as filtration and / or centrifugation, and dried before use. Filtration is performed using a solvent-resistant filter medium, preferably under pressure. The drying is performed at a temperature of about 30 to 100 ° C., preferably about 30 to 50 ° C. under normal pressure or reduced pressure (preferably under reduced pressure).
- the resin may be dissolved again in a solvent, and the resin may be brought into contact with a hardly soluble or insoluble solvent.
- step a After the polymerization reaction is completed, a solvent in which the resin is hardly soluble or insoluble is brought into contact with the resin solution, the resin is precipitated (step a), the resin is separated from the solution (step b), and the resin is dissolved again in the solvent.
- Resin solution A is prepared (step c), and then the resin solution A is brought into contact with a solvent in which the resin is hardly soluble or insoluble in a volume amount less than 10 times that of the resin solution A (preferably 5 times or less). It may be a method that includes precipitating a resin (step d) and separating the precipitated resin (step e).
- the solvent used in the preparation of the resin solution A can be the same solvent as the solvent that dissolves the monomer in the polymerization reaction, and may be the same as or different from the solvent used in the polymerization reaction.
- Resin XA may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the resin XA in the protective film forming composition is preferably 0.5 to 10.0% by mass, more preferably 1.0 to 6%, based on the total solid content in the protective film forming composition. 0.0 mass%, more preferably 1.5 to 5.0 mass%.
- Resin XB is a resin containing fluorine atoms, and is preferably a water-insoluble resin (hydrophobic resin).
- Resin XB may have fluorine atoms in the main chain of resin XB or in the side chain. Further, when the resin XB contains a silicon atom, it may be contained in the main chain of the resin XB or in the side chain.
- Resin XB is preferably a resin having, as a partial structure having a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having a fluorine atom, a cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom, or an aryl group having a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group having a fluorine atom (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms) is a linear or branched alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, Furthermore, you may have another substituent.
- the cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom is a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have another substituent.
- aryl group having a fluorine atom examples include those in which at least one hydrogen atom of an aryl group such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have another substituent.
- alkyl group having a fluorine atom examples include the groups represented by the formula (F2) or the formula (F3) described above.
- resin XB examples include resins having at least one selected from the group consisting of the repeating units represented by the formulas (CI) to (CV) described above.
- Resin XB also preferably includes a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion, as in resin XA.
- the resin XB is represented by the repeating unit represented by formula (II) described in resin XA and the formula (III). It is preferable to contain at least one repeating unit (x) selected from the group consisting of repeating units.
- Resin XB is preferably insoluble in an immersion liquid (preferably water) and soluble in an organic developer. From the viewpoint of being able to develop and peel off using an alkali developer, the resin XB is preferably soluble in an alkali developer.
- the fluorine atom content in the resin XB is preferably 15% by mass or more, more preferably 15 to 80% by mass, still more preferably 20 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 25 to 80% by mass with respect to the total mass of the resin XB. % Is particularly preferred. Further, the repeating unit containing a fluorine atom is preferably 10 to 100% by mass in the resin XB, and more preferably 30 to 100% by mass.
- the weight average molecular weight of the resin XB in terms of standard polystyrene is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 1,000 to 50,000, still more preferably 2,000 to 15,000, particularly preferably 3, 000 to 15,000.
- the measuring method of the weight average molecular weight of resin XB is the same as the measuring method of the weight average molecular weight of resin XA.
- resin XB has few impurities such as metals, but from the viewpoint of reducing elution from the protective film to the immersion liquid, the amount of residual monomer is 0 to 10% by mass relative to the total mass of resin XB. It is preferably 0 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0 to 1% by mass. Further, the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn, also referred to as dispersion degree) of the resin XB is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and still more preferably 1 to 1.5.
- Resin XB can use various commercial products, and can be synthesized according to a conventional method (for example, radical polymerization).
- a conventional method for example, radical polymerization
- the method for synthesizing the resin XA described above can be referred to.
- Resin XB may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the resin XB in the protective film forming composition is preferably 20% by mass or less based on the total solid content of the protective film forming composition.
- the content of the resin XB is within the above range, the diffusibility of the protective film itself is good, and the protective film-forming composition has a more excellent effect of the present invention.
- the protective film-forming composition of the present invention preferably uses a resin containing two kinds of resins XA and XB having different fluorine atom contents together with the basic compound described later.
- the difference between the fluorine atom content in the resin XA and the fluorine atom content in the resin XB is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, and 18% by mass. % Or more is more preferable.
- the surface of the protective film formed by the protective film forming composition of the present invention is covered with a hydrophobic film formed by the resin XB having a higher fluorine atom content. Almost, the protective film tends to have a better receding contact angle for water. Thereby, generation
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention contains a basic compound (hereinafter also referred to as “basic compound XC”).
- the basic compound XC preferably has a ClogP value of 1.30 or less, more preferably 1.00 or less, and even more preferably 0.70 or less.
- the ClogP value of the basic compound (XC) is usually ⁇ 3.00 or more.
- the ClogP value is calculated according to Chem Draw Ultra ver. It is a calculated value by 12.0.2.1076 (Cambridge Corporation).
- the basic compound XC is preferably a compound having an ether bond, and more preferably a compound having an alkyleneoxy group.
- the basic compound XC may be a base generator described later.
- the base generator preferably has a ClogP value of 1.30 or less.
- the basic compound XC acts as a quencher that traps the acid generated from the photoacid generator in the resist film.
- the action as a quencher for trapping acid refers to the action of neutralizing the generated acid.
- the basic compound XC is preferably an organic basic compound, more preferably a nitrogen-containing basic compound, and more preferably an amine compound or an amide compound.
- Specific examples of the basic compound XC include compounds having structures represented by formulas (A) to (E) described later.
- Specific examples of the amine compound and the amide compound include those corresponding to the amine compound and the amide compound among the compounds described later.
- R each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. However, at least one of the three Rs is an organic group.
- the organic group is preferably selected so that the ClogP of the compound is 1.30 or less.
- a linear or branched alkyl group, monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group, aryl group or aralkyl having a hetero atom in the chain or as a ring member, or having a polar group as a substituent Examples include groups.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group as R is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 20, and preferably 1 to 12.
- the carbon number of the cycloalkyl group as R is not particularly limited, but is usually 3 to 20, and preferably 5 to 15.
- the number of carbon atoms of the aryl group as R is not particularly limited, but is usually 6 to 20, and preferably 6 to 10. Specific examples include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- the carbon number of the aralkyl group as R is not particularly limited, but is usually 7 to 20, and preferably 7 to 11. Specific examples include a benzyl group.
- Examples of the polar group as the substituent of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group as R include a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, and an alkyloxy group. A carbonyl group etc. are mentioned.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (BS-1) preferably include those in which at least one R is an alkyl group substituted with a hydroxy group. Specific examples include triethanolamine and N, N-dihydroxyethylaniline.
- the alkyl group as R preferably has an oxygen atom in the alkyl chain. That is, it is preferable that an oxyalkylene chain is formed.
- the oxyalkylene chain —CH 2 CH 2 O— is preferable.
- tris (methoxyethoxyethyl) amine and compounds exemplified in the 60th and subsequent lines of column 3 of US6040112 can be mentioned.
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (BS-1) include the following.
- This nitrogen-containing heterocycle may have aromaticity.
- the said compound may have two or more nitrogen atoms.
- the said compound contains hetero atoms other than a nitrogen atom.
- a compound having an imidazole structure, a compound having a piperidine structure [N-hydroxyethylpiperidine (ClogP: -0.81) and the like] a compound having a pyridine structure, and a compound having an antipyrine structure [antipyrine ( ClogP: -0.20) and hydroxyantipyrine (ClogP: -0.16).
- a compound having two or more ring structures is also preferably used. Specifically, for example, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene (ClogP: -0.02) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -undec-7 -Ene (ClogP: 1.14).
- the amine compound having a phenoxy group is a compound having a phenoxy group at the terminal opposite to the nitrogen atom of the alkyl group contained in the amine compound.
- the phenoxy group is, for example, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a carboxy group, a carboxylic acid ester group, a sulfonic acid ester group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an acyloxy group, and an aryloxy group. It may have a group.
- This compound preferably has at least one oxyalkylene chain between the phenoxy group and the nitrogen atom.
- the number of oxyalkylene chains in one molecule is preferably 3 to 9, more preferably 4 to 6.
- —CH 2 CH 2 O— is particularly preferable.
- the amine compound having a phenoxy group is obtained by, for example, reacting a primary or secondary amine having a phenoxy group with a haloalkyl ether by heating, and adding the resulting reaction liquid to sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and It can be obtained by adding an aqueous solution of a strong base such as tetraalkylammonium and then extracting with an organic solvent such as ethyl acetate and chloroform.
- the amine compound having a phenoxy group is reacted by heating a primary or secondary amine and a haloalkyl ether having a phenoxy group at the end, and the resulting reaction solution is mixed with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- an aqueous solution of a strong base such as tetraalkylammonium, followed by extraction with an organic solvent such as ethyl acetate and chloroform.
- an ammonium salt can also be used as appropriate.
- the anion of the ammonium salt include halides, sulfonates, borates, and phosphates. Of these, halides and sulfonates are preferred.
- halide chloride, bromide, and iodide are preferable.
- an organic sulfonate having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable.
- examples of the organic sulfonate include alkyl sulfonates having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and aryl sulfonates.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkyl sulfonate may have a substituent.
- substituents include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, and an aryl group.
- alkyl sulfonate examples include methane sulfonate, ethane sulfonate, butane sulfonate, hexane sulfonate, octane sulfonate, benzyl sulfonate, trifluoromethane sulfonate, pentafluoroethane sulfonate, and nonafluorobutane sulfonate.
- Examples of the aryl group contained in the aryl sulfonate include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group. These aryl groups may have a substituent.
- this substituent for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms are preferable.
- methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-hexyl group, and cyclohexyl group are preferable.
- Examples of the other substituent include an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, an acyl group, and an acyloxy group.
- the ammonium salt may be hydroxide or carboxylate.
- this ammonium salt is a tetraalkylammonium hydroxide having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and tetraalkylammonium hydroxide such as tetraethylammonium hydroxide and tetra- (n-butyl) ammonium hydroxide). It is preferable that
- Preferred basic compounds XC include, for example, guanidine, aminopyridine, aminoalkylpyridine, aminopyrrolidine, indazole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyrazine, pyrimidine, purine, imidazoline, pyrazoline, piperazine, aminomorpholine, and aminoalkylmorpholine. Can be mentioned. These may further have a substituent.
- Preferred examples of the substituent include an amino group, an aminoalkyl group, an alkylamino group, an aminoaryl group, an arylamino group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, and a nitro group. , Hydroxyl group, and cyano group.
- Particularly preferred basic compounds XC include, for example, guanidine (ClogP: -2.39), 1,1-dimethylguanidine (ClogP: -1.04), 1,1,3,3, -tetramethylguanidine (ClogP).
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention includes a low molecular compound having a nitrogen atom and a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid (hereinafter referred to as “low molecular compound (D)” or “ Compound (D) ").
- the low molecular compound (D) preferably has basicity after the group capable of leaving by the action of an acid is eliminated.
- the group capable of leaving by the action of an acid is not particularly limited, but an acetal group, a carbonate group, a carbamate group, a tertiary ester group, a tertiary hydroxyl group, and a hemiaminal ether group are preferable. Of these, carbamate groups and hemiaminal ether groups are more preferred.
- the molecular weight of the low molecular compound (D) having a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid is preferably 100 to 1000, more preferably 100 to 700, and still more preferably 100 to 500.
- the term “molecular weight” means a molecular weight that can be calculated from a chemical structural formula unless otherwise specified.
- the compound (D) is preferably an amine derivative having a group on the nitrogen atom that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- Compound (D) may have a carbamate group having a protecting group on the nitrogen atom.
- the protecting group constituting the carbamate group can be represented by the formula (d-1).
- R ′ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an alkoxyalkyl group. R ′ may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R ′ is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group. More preferably, it is a linear or branched alkyl group or cycloalkyl group.
- Compound (D) can also be constituted by arbitrarily combining the above basic compound and the structure represented by formula (d-1).
- the compound (D) preferably has a structure represented by the following formula (A).
- the compound (D) may correspond to the above basic compound as long as it is a low molecular compound having a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid.
- R a represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group.
- N represents an integer of 0 to 2
- m represents an integer of 1 to 3
- n + m 3.
- two R a s may be the same or different, and the two R a are bonded to each other to form a divalent heterocyclic hydrocarbon group (preferably having a carbon number of 20 or less) or A derivative thereof may be formed.
- R b each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an alkoxyalkyl group.
- R b is a hydrogen atom in —C (R b ) (R b ) (R b )
- at least one of the remaining R b is a cyclopropyl group, a 1-alkoxyalkyl group, or An aryl group.
- At least two R b may combine to form an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a heterocyclic hydrocarbon group, or a derivative thereof.
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group represented by R a and R b are a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an amino group, a pyrrolidino group, a piperidino group, a morpholino group, an oxo group, and the like. It may be substituted with a functional group, an alkoxy group, or a halogen atom. The same applies to the alkoxyalkyl group represented by Rb .
- alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, and aralkyl group represented by R a and R b are shown in the following (a) to (e-1).
- (A-1) A group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen atom of the group exemplified in (a) with a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
- cycloalkane such as cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, norbornane, adamantane, and noradamantane
- (C) a group derived from an aromatic compound such as benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene, and at least one hydrogen atom of the group derived from these aromatic compounds, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group A group substituted with a linear or branched alkyl group such as i-propyl group, n-butyl group, 2-methylpropyl group, 1-methylpropyl group, and t-butyl group.
- heterocyclic compounds such as pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, indole, indoline, quinoline, perhydroquinoline, indazole, and benzimidazole, and these heterocyclic compounds A group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen atom of a group with a linear or branched alkyl group or a group derived from an aromatic compound.
- (E) a group derived from a linear or branched alkane, a group derived from a cycloalkane, or at least one hydrogen atom of a group derived from the alkane or a group derived from the cycloalkane, A group substituted with a group derived from an aromatic compound such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group.
- At least one hydrogen atom of the group derived from the aromatic compound in (e) is a functional group such as a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an amino group, a pyrrolidino group, a piperidino group, a morpholino group, and an oxo group. Further substituted groups.
- Examples of the divalent heterocyclic hydrocarbon group (preferably having a carbon number of 1 to 20) or a derivative thereof formed by bonding R a to each other include, for example, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, 1, 4, 5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, homopiperazine, 4-azabenzimidazole, benzotriazole, 5-azabenzotriazole, 1H-1 , 2,3-triazole, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane, tetrazole, 7-azaindole, indazole, benzimidazole, imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine, (1S, 4S)-(+)- 2,5-diazabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene, Groups derived from heterocyclic compounds such as indole, in
- particularly preferable compound (D) in the present invention include the following, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the low molecular compound (D) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a photosensitive basic compound may be used as the basic compound XC.
- Examples of the photosensitive basic compound include JP-T-2003-524799 and J. Photopolym. Sci & Tech. Vol. 8, P.I. 543-553 (1995) and the like can be used.
- the basic compound XC includes a base generator.
- the base generator preferably has a ClogP value of 1.30 or less.
- base generators photobase generators having a ClogP of 1.30 or less
- base generators photobase generators having a ClogP of 1.30 or less
- JP-A-4-151156 JP-A-4-162040
- JP-A-5-197148 JP-A-5-5995.
- base generator having a ClogP value of 1.30 or less include, but are not limited to, 2-nitrobenzylcarbamate.
- the content of the basic compound XC in the protective film-forming composition is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, based on the total solid content of the protective film composition, and 0 More preferably, the content is 3 to 5% by mass.
- basic compound XC may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the composition for forming a protective film in the present invention preferably contains a solvent that does not dissolve the resist film, and is a solvent having a component different from that of the organic developer. It is more preferable to use
- the solubility in the immersion liquid is low, and it is more preferable that the solubility in water is low.
- “low solubility in immersion liquid” indicates that the immersion liquid is insoluble.
- “low solubility in water” indicates water insolubility.
- the boiling point of the solvent is preferably 90 ° C to 200 ° C.
- the low solubility in the immersion liquid means that, for example, the solubility in water, the composition for forming a protective film is applied on a silicon wafer and dried to form a film. It means that the decrease rate of the film thickness after dipping for 10 minutes at ° C. and drying is within 3% of the initial film thickness (typically 50 nm).
- the solid content concentration of the composition for forming a protective film is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, and still more preferably 1 to 10% by mass.
- % Solvent is used.
- Solvents that can be used are not particularly limited as long as the above-described resin XA and resin XB are dissolved and the resist film is not dissolved.
- alcohol solvents, ether solvents, ester solvents, fluorine solvents, and Preferred examples include hydrocarbon solvents, and it is preferable to use non-fluorinated alcohol solvents.
- the insolubility with respect to a resist film improves further, and when a composition for protective film formation is apply
- the alcohol solvent is preferably a monohydric alcohol, more preferably a monohydric alcohol having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, from the viewpoint of coatability.
- a monohydric alcohol having 4 to 8 carbon atoms a linear, branched or cyclic alcohol can be used, and a linear or branched alcohol is preferred.
- alcohol solvents examples include 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, isobutyl alcohol, tert- Butyl alcohol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 2-hexanol, 2-heptanol, 2-octanol, 3-hexanol, 3-heptanol, 3-octanol, and , Alcohols such as 4-octanol; glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono Glycol ethers such as tilether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and methoxymethylbutanol can be used.
- glycols such as ethylene
- alcohol and glycol ether are preferable, and 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, 1-pentanol, 3 More preferred are methyl-1-butanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.
- a secondary alcohol is preferable from the viewpoint of stability over time and coating properties, and as a specific example, the secondary alcohol in the specific examples of the monovalent alcohol described above is more preferable.
- ether solvent examples include dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, isoamyl ether, diisoamyl ether and the like in addition to the glycol ether solvent.
- ether solvents ether solvents having a branched structure are more preferable.
- ester solvents include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate (n-butyl acetate), pentyl acetate, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, butyl propionate (n-butyl propionate), butyl butyrate, butyric acid Isobutyl, butyl butanoate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethyl-3-ethoxypropionate, 3-methoxybutyl acetate, 3-methyl-3 -Methoxybutyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl formate, butyl formate, propyl formate, ethyl lactate, butyl lac
- fluorine-based solvent examples include 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1-butanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol. 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-decafluoro-1-hexanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1,6-hexanediol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7- Dodecafluoro-1,8-octanediol, 2-fluoroanisole, 2,3-difluoroanisole, perfluorohexane, perfluoroheptane, perfluoro-2-pentanone, perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran, perfluorotetrahydrofuran, perful B tribu
- hydrocarbon solvent examples include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, and anisole; n-heptane, n-nonane, n-octane, n-decane, 2-methylheptane, 3-methylheptane, And aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as 3,3-dimethylhexane and 2,3,4-trimethylpentane.
- the solvent (XD) contained in the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention preferably has a peroxide content of not more than a predetermined allowable value.
- a peroxide content of not more than a predetermined allowable value it is possible to suppress a basic compound, in particular, a nitrogen-containing basic substance from being chemically changed to a nitrogen oxide.
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention has more excellent effects of the present invention.
- Examples of the permissible value of the peroxide content in the solvent (XD) include a numerical range described later.
- the peroxide contained in the solvent can be quantitatively analyzed by chromatography such as GC (Gas Chromatography) and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) when the peroxide to be produced is specified. is there. Further, if the site to be oxidized in the chemical structure of the solvent molecule is determined and the structure is known, it is possible to perform quantitative analysis by signal intensity using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance).
- an analysis method based on an oxidation-reduction reaction can be used for the analysis of the peroxide content.
- an analysis method based on an oxidation-reduction reaction can be used for the analysis of the peroxide content.
- the iodine reduction titration method based on the oxidation-reduction reaction even when an unknown peroxide is included or when many kinds of peroxides are included, Can be quantitatively analyzed.
- solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content is preferably 0 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 0 to 10% with respect to the total amount of solvent contained in the protective film-forming composition. More preferred is mass%.
- the solvent (XD) contains a secondary alcohol and an ether solvent from the viewpoint that the viscosity of the composition for forming a protective film is lowered and coating becomes easy.
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention contains an antioxidant.
- the antioxidant is for preventing the organic material from being oxidized in the presence of oxygen.
- the basic compound is formed by the peroxide contained in the solvent. It has the effect of suppressing chemical changes.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited as long as it is effective in preventing the oxidation of commonly used plastics, for example, a phenolic antioxidant, an antioxidant composed of an organic acid derivative, and a sulfur-containing agent.
- an antioxidant comprising a phenolic antioxidant or an organic acid derivative is used as the antioxidant. It is preferable to use it.
- phenolic antioxidants include substituted phenols such as 1-oxy-3-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4. -Ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, 2- (1-methylcyclohexyl) -4 , 6-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4,6-dinonylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl- ⁇ -dimethylamino-p-cresol, 6- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylanilino) 2,4-bisoctyl-thio-1,3,5-triazine, n-octadecyl-3 (4'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-ter
- Polyphenols such as 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl, methylenebis (dimethyl-4,6-phenol), 2,2′-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2 '-Methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-cyclohexyl phenol), 2,2'-methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylene-bis- ( 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylene-bis- (6-alphamethyl-benzyl-p-cresol) Methylene-bridged polyhydric alkylphenols, 4,4′-butylidenebis- (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane, 2,2′-dihydroxy- 3,3′-di- ( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl) -5,5′-dimethyldiphenylmethane, al
- antioxidants examples include 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol and 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl).
- -6-t-butylphenol butylhydroxyanisole, t-butylhydroquinone, 2,4,5-trihydroxybutyrophenone, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, propyl gallate, octyl gallate, lauryl gallate, and isopropyl citrate Etc.
- 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, and t-butylhydroquinone are preferred, and 2,6- Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol are more preferred.
- the content of the antioxidant is preferably 1 mass ppm (parts per million) or more, more preferably 10 mass ppm or more, based on the total solid content of the composition for forming a protective film, more preferably 100 masses. More preferably, it is at least ppm.
- An antioxidant may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together.
- the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention may further contain a surfactant.
- a surfactant There is no restriction
- the addition amount of the surfactant is preferably 0.001 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, based on the total solid content in the protective film forming composition.
- Surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- surfactant examples include alkyl cationic surfactants, amide type quaternary cationic surfactants, ester type quaternary cationic surfactants, amine oxide surfactants, betaine surfactants, alkoxy Rate surfactants, fatty acid ester surfactants, amide surfactants, alcohol surfactants, ethylenediamine surfactants, and fluorine and silicon surfactants (fluorine surfactants, silicon surfactants) Those selected from system surfactants and surfactants having both fluorine atoms and silicon atoms can be preferably used.
- surfactants include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether; Polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers such as oxyethylene nonylphenol ether; polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers; sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan trioleate, and Sorbitan fatty acid esters such as sorbitan tristearate; polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaure Surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate; commercially available surfact
- Examples of commercially available surfactants that can be used include EFTOP EF301 and EF303 (manufactured by Shin-Akita Kasei Co., Ltd.), Florard FC430, 431 and 4430 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), MegaFuck F171, F173 and F176.
- the method for producing a protective film-forming composition of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a solvent having a peroxide content of an allowable value or less, a solvent, a resin, a basic compound, and an antioxidant mixed to protect the composition. And a step of preparing a film forming composition.
- the composition for forming a protective film produced by the above production method is controlled so that the peroxide content satisfies an allowable value. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a protective film forming composition capable of forming a pattern having a better focus margin and exposure margin even after storage for a predetermined period. Below, each process is explained in full detail.
- preparation means not only preparing a solvent having a peroxide content of an allowable value or less, but also procuring it by purchase or the like. That is, it means that a solvent having a peroxide content equal to or lower than an allowable value is prepared or purchased, so that it can be used in the next step.
- the process of preparing the solvent whose peroxide content is below an allowable value includes (1) a step of measuring or confirming the peroxide content of the solvent, and (2) a peroxide that has been measured or confirmed. Comparing the content with an acceptable value.
- a step of diluting a solvent having a peroxide content greater than an allowable value may be further included.
- the step of preparing a solvent having a peroxide content equal to or lower than an allowable value may have the steps (1) and (2), and may have (3) and / or other steps. Good. Below, each step is explained in full detail.
- the measurement of the peroxide content of the solvent can be performed by the method as described above.
- a measurement can be performed whenever it prepares about the solvent used for preparation of the composition for protective film formation.
- it can measure continuously about the solvent supplied continuously, for example.
- the peroxide content may be confirmed by a method other than measurement.
- a method of confirming the peroxide content for example, when the solvent is a commercial product, a method of obtaining from the information provided by the manufacturer or the like can be mentioned.
- a peroxide content rate can be measured about the solvent after mixing.
- An example of the estimation method is an arithmetic average.
- the peroxide content of the solvent is preferably 1 mmol / L or less, and more preferably 0.1 mmol / L or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.01 mmol / L or more because of the relationship with the detection limit described later.
- a value having a certain margin with respect to a preferable value can be set as an allowable value.
- the comparison between the measured or confirmed peroxide content of the solvent and the above-described allowable value can be made by calculating the difference between the two.
- the step of preparing a solvent having a peroxide content equal to or lower than an allowable value may further include a step of diluting a solvent having a peroxide content higher than the allowable value.
- the solvent is diluted so as to satisfy the above tolerance.
- the solvent for dilution the same type as the solvent to be diluted or a different type of solvent can be used.
- the solvent for dilution may be used individually by 1 type, or may use 2 or more types together. Dilution can be performed by a known method, for example, by adding a solvent for dilution to a solvent to be diluted and stirring.
- the solvent after dilution can be used for the process of preparing the protective film formation composition mentioned later.
- the diluted solvent may be subjected to the above (1) and (2), and the peroxide content may be measured or confirmed again and compared with an allowable value. If the peroxide content is measured or confirmed again and still larger than the allowable value, the step of (3) diluting the solvent having the peroxide content larger than the allowable value may be performed again. . That is, the above (1), (2), and (3) may be repeated a plurality of times.
- a solvent having a peroxide content equal to or lower than an allowable value is provided for the preparation of the protective film forming composition. Therefore, the peroxide content of the composition for forming a protective film is controlled to a predetermined value, and a protective film can be formed with excellent focus margin and exposure margin even after storage for a predetermined period.
- the composition for use can be obtained.
- the order and method of dissolving the solvent, resin, basic compound, antioxidant, and other components may be appropriately selected.
- a method for dissolution for example, a desired material can be charged into a solvent and stirred, and a known method can be used. The dissolution may be performed in an atmospheric environment or in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas.
- the manufacturing method of the composition for forming a protective film of the present invention may have other steps. Especially, it is preferable to have the process of filter-filtering the obtained mixture after melt
- the filter is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or nylon having a pore size of 0.1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or less. Note that a plurality of types of filters may be connected in series or in parallel. Moreover, the composition for forming a protective film may be filtered a plurality of times, or a plurality of times of filtration may be performed by circulation filtration.
- the protective film-forming composition of the present invention preferably does not contain impurities such as metals (solid metal and metal ions; metal impurities).
- the metal impurity component include Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Al, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ag, Sn, Pb, and Li.
- the total content of impurities contained in the composition for forming a protective film is preferably 1 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppb or less, still more preferably 100 ppt or less, particularly preferably 10 ppt or less, and most preferably 1 ppt or less.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention uses a step a for forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film on a substrate using an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, and a protective film-forming composition.
- a step b of forming a protective film on the actinic ray sensitive or radiation sensitive film a step c of exposing the laminated film including the actinic ray sensitive or radiation sensitive film and the protective film, A step d of developing the exposed laminated film using a developer.
- step a an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is formed on the substrate using the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition used in the pattern forming method of the present invention is not particularly limited. Specific examples of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition are described in detail below.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition typically contains a resin whose polarity increases by the action of an acid and whose solubility in a developer containing an organic solvent decreases.
- Resin (A) whose polarity is increased by the action of an acid and whose solubility in a developer containing an organic solvent is reduced is the main chain or side chain of the resin, or the main chain and side chain. Both of these resins have a group (hereinafter also referred to as “acid-decomposable group”) that decomposes by the action of an acid to generate an alkali-soluble group (hereinafter also referred to as “acid-decomposable group”) or “acid-decomposable resin (A)”. ").
- the resin (A) is more preferably a resin having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure (hereinafter also referred to as “alicyclic hydrocarbon-based acid-decomposable resin”).
- a resin having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure has high hydrophobicity, and is developed when an area having low light irradiation intensity of an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is developed with an organic developer. It is thought that the property improves.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing the resin (A) can be suitably used for irradiation with ArF excimer laser light.
- alkali-soluble group contained in the resin (A) examples include phenolic hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acid groups, fluorinated alcohol groups, sulfonic acid groups, sulfonamido groups, sulfonylimide groups, (alkylsulfonyl) (alkylcarbonyl) methylene groups, Alkylsulfonyl) (alkylcarbonyl) imide group, bis (alkylcarbonyl) methylene group, bis (alkylcarbonyl) imide group, bis (alkylsulfonyl) methylene group, bis (alkylsulfonyl) imide group, tris (alkylcarbonyl) methylene group, And a group having a tris (alkylsulfonyl) methylene group.
- Preferred alkali-soluble groups include carboxylic acid groups, fluorinated alcohol groups (preferably hexafluoroisopropanol), or sulfonic acid groups.
- a preferred group as an acid-decomposable group is a group obtained by substituting a hydrogen atom of these alkali-soluble groups with a group capable of leaving with an acid.
- Examples of the group leaving with an acid include -C (R 36 ) (R 37 ) (R 38 ), -C (R 36 ) (R 37 ) (OR 39 ), and -C (R 01 ) (R 02 ) (OR 39 ) and the like.
- R 36 to R 39 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- R 36 and R 37 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R 01 and R 02 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, An alkyl group or an alkenyl group is represented.
- the acid-decomposable group is preferably a cumyl ester group, an enol ester group, an acetal ester group, a tertiary alkyl ester group or the like. More preferably, it is a tertiary alkyl ester group.
- the resin (A) is preferably a resin containing a repeating unit having a partial structure represented by the following formula (pI) to general formula (pV).
- R 11 represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group or a sec-butyl group
- Z represents an atom necessary for forming a cycloalkyl group together with a carbon atom. Represents a group.
- R 12 to R 16 each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group or cycloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. However, at least one of R 12 to R 14 , or any one of R 15 and R 16 represents a cycloalkyl group.
- R 17 to R 21 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group. However, at least one of R 17 to R 21 represents a cycloalkyl group. Further, either R 19 or R 21 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or cycloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 22 to R 25 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group. However, at least one of R 22 to R 25 represents a cycloalkyl group.
- R 23 and R 24 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the alkyl group in R 12 to R 25 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the cycloalkyl group in R 11 to R 25 or the cycloalkyl group formed by Z and the carbon atom may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Specific examples include groups having a monocyclo, bicyclo, tricyclo, tetracyclo structure or the like having 5 or more carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms is preferably 6-30, and particularly preferably 7-25. These cycloalkyl groups may have a substituent.
- Preferred cycloalkyl groups include adamantyl group, noradamantyl group, decalin residue, tricyclodecanyl group, tetracyclododecanyl group, norbornyl group, cedrol group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, A cyclodecanyl group and a cyclododecanyl group can be mentioned.
- an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, or a tricyclodecanyl group can be exemplified.
- alkyl groups (1 to 4 carbon atoms), halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups (1 to 4 carbon atoms), carboxyl groups, and alkoxycarbonyl groups ( And a carbon number of 2 to 6).
- substituents for these alkyl groups or cycloalkyl groups alkyl groups (1 to 4 carbon atoms), halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups (1 to 4 carbon atoms), carboxyl groups, and alkoxycarbonyl groups ( And a carbon number of 2 to 6).
- substituents for these alkyl groups or cycloalkyl groups alkyl groups (1 to 4 carbon atoms), halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkoxy groups (1 to 4 carbon atoms), carboxyl groups, and alkoxycarbonyl groups ( And a carbon number of 2 to 6).
- substituents that the alkyl group, alkoxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group and the like may further have include a hydroxyl
- the structures represented by the formulas (pI) to (pV) in the resin can be used for protecting alkali-soluble groups.
- alkali-soluble group include various groups known in this technical field.
- Specific examples include structures in which hydrogen atoms of carboxylic acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, phenol groups, and thiol groups are substituted with structures represented by the general formulas (pI) to (pV). This is a structure in which a hydrogen atom of an acid group or a sulfonic acid group is substituted with a structure represented by general formulas (pI) to (pV).
- a repeating unit represented by the following formula (pA) is preferable.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- a plurality of R may be the same or different.
- A is a single bond, an alkylene group, an ether group, a thioether group, a carbonyl group, an ester group, an amide group, a sulfonamide group, a urethane group, or a urea group, or a combination of two or more groups Represents.
- a single bond is preferable.
- Rp 1 represents any group of the above formulas (pI) to (pV).
- the repeating unit represented by the formula (pA) is particularly preferably a repeating unit of 2-alkyl-2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate or dialkyl (1-adamantyl) methyl (meth) acrylate.
- the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group is an acid-decomposable repeating unit having an acid leaving group a having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, and the following (i-1) to (iv-1) It is preferable to satisfy any one of the conditions.
- iii-1) The maximum value of the number of carbon atoms of the acid leaving group a is 6 and the protection rate is 47 mol% or less.
- Resin (iv-1) a resin having a maximum carbon number of 7 in the acid leaving group a and a protection rate of 45 mol% or less.
- the protection rate is defined as all acids contained in the resin. It means the ratio of the total decomposable repeating units to the total repeating units.
- the number of carbon atoms in the acid leaving group a means the number of carbon atoms contained in the leaving group. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the shrink amount of the resist film, increase the focus margin (DOF: Depth Of Focus), and reduce the line edge roughness (LER).
- DOE Depth Of Focus
- the resin (A) contains a repeating unit having an aromatic hydrocarbon group. It is preferable to include, and it is more preferable to include a repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group. As the repeating unit having a phenolic hydroxyl group, the repeating units shown below are particularly preferred.
- Resin (A) may contain one or more repeating units having an acid-decomposable group, and two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the resin (A) preferably contains a repeating unit having a lactone structure or a sultone (cyclic sulfonate ester) structure.
- Any lactone group or sultone group can be used as long as it has a lactone structure or a sultone structure, but it is preferably a 5- to 7-membered lactone structure or a sultone structure, and a 5- to 7-membered lactone A structure in which another ring structure is condensed to form a bicyclo structure or a spiro structure in the structure or sultone structure is preferable. It is more preferable to have a repeating unit having a lactone structure or a sultone structure represented by any of the following general formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-17), (SL1-1) and (SL1-2). A lactone structure or a sultone structure may be directly bonded to the main chain.
- Preferred lactone structures or sultone structures are (LC1-1), (LC1-4), (LC1-5), (LC1-8), and more preferably (LC1-4).
- the lactone structure portion or the sultone structure portion may or may not have a substituent (Rb 2 ).
- Preferred substituents (Rb 2 ) include alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and carboxyl groups.
- n 2 represents an integer of 0 to 4. When n 2 is 2 or more, a plurality of substituents (Rb 2 ) may be the same or different, and a plurality of substituents (Rb 2 ) may be bonded to form a ring. .
- the repeating unit having a lactone group or a sultone group usually has an optical isomer, but any optical isomer may be used.
- One optical isomer may be used alone, or a plurality of optical isomers may be mixed and used.
- the optical purity (ee) thereof is preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more.
- the content of repeating units having a lactone structure or a sultone structure is preferably 15 to 60 mol%, more preferably 20 to 50 mol%, still more preferably, based on the total number of repeating units in the resin when a plurality of types are contained. 30 to 50 mol%.
- two or more repeating units having a lactone or sultone structure can be used in combination.
- the resin (A) preferably has no aromatic group from the viewpoint of transparency to ArF light.
- Resin (A) is preferably one in which all of the repeating units are composed of (meth) acrylate repeating units.
- all of the repeating units may be methacrylate repeating units
- all of the repeating units may be acrylate repeating units
- all of the repeating units may be any mixture of methacrylate repeating units / acrylate repeating units
- the acrylate repeating unit is preferably 50 mol% or less of the entire repeating unit.
- Preferred resins (A) include, for example, the resins described in paragraphs [0152] to [0158] of JP-A-2008-309878, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Resin (A) can be synthesized according to a conventional method (for example, radical polymerization).
- a conventional method for example, radical polymerization
- a monomer polymerization method in which a monomer species and an initiator are dissolved in a solvent and polymerization is performed by heating, and a solution of the monomer species and the initiator is dropped into the heating solvent over 1 to 10 hours.
- the dropping polymerization method is preferable, and the dropping polymerization method is preferable.
- reaction solvent examples include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and diisopropyl ether; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate; amide solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; And a solvent that dissolves the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and cyclohexanone. More preferably, the polymerization is performed using the same solvent as that used in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition. Thereby, generation
- the polymerization reaction is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen and / or argon.
- a polymerization initiator a commercially available radical initiator (azo initiator, peroxide, etc.) is used to initiate the polymerization.
- azo initiator an azo initiator is preferable, and an azo initiator having an ester group, a cyano group, or a carboxyl group is preferable.
- Preferred initiators include azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisdimethylvaleronitrile, dimethyl 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionate), and the like.
- an initiator is added or added in portions, and after completion of the reaction, it is put into a solvent and a desired polymer is recovered by a method such as powder or solid recovery.
- the concentration of the reaction is 5 to 50% by mass, preferably 10 to 30% by mass.
- the reaction temperature is usually 10 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 30 ° C. to 120 ° C., more preferably 60 to 100 ° C.
- Purification is a liquid-liquid extraction method that removes residual monomers and oligomer components by combining water washing and an appropriate solvent; purification method in a solution state such as ultrafiltration that extracts and removes only those having a specific molecular weight or less; Reprecipitation method that removes residual monomers by coagulating resin in poor solvent by dropping resin solution into poor solvent; purification in solid state such as washing filtered resin slurry with poor solvent Ordinary methods such as method; can be applied.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin (A) is preferably 1,000 to 200,000, more preferably 1,000 to 20,000 as a polystyrene converted value by GPC (gel permeation chromatography) method. More preferably, it is 1,000 to 15,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the degree of dispersion which is the ratio (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) in the resin (A), is usually 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, Those in the range of 1.2 to 3.0, particularly preferably in the range of 1.2 to 2.0 are preferably used.
- the smaller the degree of dispersion the better the resolution and pattern shape, the smoother the side walls of the pattern, and the better the roughness.
- the content of the resin (A) in the entire actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition is preferably 50 to 99.9% by mass in the total solid content of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, and more 60 to 99.0% by mass is preferable.
- the resin (A) may be used alone or in combination.
- Resin (A) preferably contains no fluorine atom or silicon atom from the viewpoint of compatibility with the composition for forming a protective film.
- an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition is a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic ray or radiation ("photoacid generation”). Also referred to as “agent”.
- Examples of such a photoacid generator include a photoinitiator for photocationic polymerization, a photoinitiator for photoradical polymerization, a photodecolorant for dyes, a photochromic agent, or an actinic ray used in a microresist or the like.
- a photoinitiator for photocationic polymerization a photoinitiator for photoradical polymerization
- a photodecolorant for dyes e.g., a photochromic agent
- an actinic ray used in a microresist or the like e.g., a photochromic agent, or the like.
- Known compounds that generate an acid upon irradiation with radiation and mixtures thereof can be appropriately selected and used.
- Examples include diazonium salts, phosphonium salts, sulfonium salts, iodonium salts, imide sulfonates, oxime sulfonates, diazodisulfones, disulfones, and o-nitrobenzyl sulfonates.
- a group capable of generating an acid upon irradiation with these actinic rays or radiation, or a compound in which a compound is introduced into the main chain or side chain of the polymer for example, US Pat. No. 3,849,137, German Patent No. No. 3914407, JP-A 63-26653, JP-A 55-164824, JP-A 62-69263, JP-A 63-146038, JP-A 63-163452, The compounds described in JP-A-62-153853 and JP-A-63-146029 can be used.
- the photoacid generator contained in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition is preferably a compound that generates an acid having a cyclic structure when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation.
- a cyclic structure a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic group is preferable, and a polycyclic alicyclic group is more preferable.
- the carbon atom constituting the ring skeleton of the alicyclic group preferably does not contain a carbonyl carbon.
- Examples of the photoacid generator contained in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition include a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation represented by the following formula (3) (specific acid generator). Can be preferably mentioned.
- Xf each independently represents a fluorine atom or an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom.
- R 4 and R 5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, or an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and when there are a plurality of R 4 and R 5 , R 4 and R 5 are the same But it can be different.
- L represents a divalent linking group, and when there are a plurality of L, L may be the same or different.
- W represents an organic group containing a cyclic structure.
- O represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- p represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- q represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- Xf represents a fluorine atom or an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom is preferably a perfluoroalkyl group.
- Xf is preferably a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Xf is more preferably a fluorine atom or CF 3 .
- both Xf are fluorine atoms.
- R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, or an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom, and when there are a plurality of R 4 and R 5 , R 4 and R 5 are the same But it can be different.
- the alkyl group as R 4 and R 5 may have a substituent, and preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 4 and R 5 are preferably a hydrogen atom.
- alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine atom are the same as the specific examples and preferred embodiments of Xf in the general formula (3).
- L represents a divalent linking group, and when there are a plurality of L, L may be the same or different.
- divalent linking group examples include —COO — (— C ( ⁇ O) —O—), —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —CO—, —O—, —S—, — SO—, —SO 2 —, an alkylene group (preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), a cycloalkylene group (preferably having 3 to 10 carbon atoms), an alkenylene group (preferably having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), or a combination thereof And divalent linking groups.
- —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —CO—, —O—, —SO 2 —, —COO-alkylene group—, —OCO-alkylene group—, —CONH— alkylene group - or NHCO- alkylene group - are preferred, -COO -, - OCO -, - CONH -, - SO 2 -, - COO- alkylene group - or OCO- alkylene group - is more preferable.
- W represents an organic group containing a cyclic structure. Of these, a cyclic organic group is preferable.
- Examples of the cyclic organic group include an alicyclic group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group.
- the alicyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the monocyclic alicyclic group include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- the polycyclic alicyclic group include polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a norbornyl group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, and an adamantyl group.
- an alicyclic group having a bulky structure having 7 or more carbon atoms such as a norbornyl group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, a diamantyl group, and an adamantyl group is formed by PEB (heating after exposure). ) From the viewpoint of suppressing diffusibility in the film in the step and improving MEEF (Mask Error Enhancement Factor).
- MEEF Mesk Error Enhancement Factor
- the aryl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, and an anthryl group.
- a naphthyl group having a relatively low light absorbance at 193 nm is preferable.
- the heterocyclic group may be monocyclic or polycyclic, but polycyclic can suppress acid diffusion more. Moreover, the heterocyclic group may have aromaticity or may not have aromaticity. Examples of the heterocyclic ring having aromaticity include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, and a pyridine ring. Examples of the heterocyclic ring that does not have aromaticity include a tetrahydropyran ring, a lactone ring, a sultone ring, and a decahydroisoquinoline ring.
- heterocyclic ring in the heterocyclic group a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, or a decahydroisoquinoline ring is particularly preferable.
- lactone ring and sultone ring include the lactone structure and sultone structure exemplified in the aforementioned resin.
- the cyclic organic group may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (which may be linear or branched, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms), and a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic, polycyclic or spirocyclic).
- alkyl group which may be linear or branched, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- a cycloalkyl group monocyclic, polycyclic or spirocyclic.
- Well preferably having 3 to 20 carbon atoms
- aryl group preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- hydroxyl group alkoxy group
- ester group amide group, urethane group, ureido group, thioether group, sulfonamide group, and sulfonic acid
- An ester group is mentioned.
- the carbon constituting the cyclic organic group may be a carbonyl carbon.
- O represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- p represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- q represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- o in Formula (3) is an integer of 1 to 3
- p is an integer of 1 to 10
- q is preferably 0.
- Xf is preferably a fluorine atom
- R 4 and R 5 are preferably both hydrogen atoms
- W is preferably a polycyclic hydrocarbon group.
- o is more preferably 1 or 2, and further preferably 1.
- p is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- W is more preferably a polycyclic cycloalkyl group, and further preferably an adamantyl group or a diamantyl group.
- anion represented by the general formula (3) as a combination of partial structures other than W, SO 3 - -CF 2 -CH 2 -OCO-, SO 3 - -CF 2 -CHF-CH 2 -OCO-, SO 3 - -CF 2 -COO-, SO 3 - -CF 2 -CF 2 -CH 2 -, SO 3 - -CF 2 -CH (CF 3) -OCO- are mentioned as preferred.
- X + represents a cation.
- X + is not particularly limited as long as it is a cation, and a preferable embodiment includes, for example, a cation (part other than Z ⁇ ) in formula (ZI) or (ZII) described later.
- a cation part other than Z ⁇
- ZII formula (ZI) or (ZII) described later.
- a suitable aspect of a specific acid generator the compound represented by the following general formula (ZI) or (ZII) is mentioned, for example.
- R 201 , R 202 and R 203 each independently represents an organic group.
- the organic group as R 201 , R 202 and R 203 generally has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 201 to R 203 may be bonded to form a ring structure, and the ring may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester bond, an amide bond, or a carbonyl group.
- Examples of the group formed by combining two members out of R 201 to R 203 include an alkylene group (eg, butylene group, pentylene group).
- Z ⁇ represents an anion in the formula (3), and specifically represents the following anion.
- Examples of the organic group represented by R 201 , R 202 and R 203 include the corresponding groups in the compounds (ZI-1), (ZI-2), (ZI-3) and (ZI-4) described later. Can be mentioned.
- a compound having a plurality of structures represented by the formula (ZI) may be used.
- at least one of R 201 to R 203 of the compound represented by the formula (ZI) is a single bond or linking group with at least one of R 201 to R 203 of another compound represented by the formula (ZI) It may be a compound having a structure bonded via
- (ZI) component examples include compounds (ZI-1), (ZI-2), (ZI-3) and (ZI-4) described below.
- the compound (ZI-1) is at least one of aryl group R 201 ⁇ R 203 of formula (ZI), arylsulfonium compounds, namely, compounds containing an arylsulfonium as a cation.
- R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group, or a part of R 201 to R 203 may be an aryl group and the rest may be an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- arylsulfonium compound examples include a triarylsulfonium compound, a diarylalkylsulfonium compound, an aryldialkylsulfonium compound, a diarylcycloalkylsulfonium compound, and an aryldicycloalkylsulfonium compound.
- the aryl group of the arylsulfonium compound is preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group may be an aryl group having a heterocyclic structure having an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom or the like. Examples of the heterocyclic structure include a pyrrole residue, a furan residue, a thiophene residue, an indole residue, a benzofuran residue, and a benzothiophene residue.
- the two or more aryl groups may be the same or different.
- the alkyl group or cycloalkyl group optionally contained in the arylsulfonium compound is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, such as methyl Group, ethyl group, propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclohexyl group and the like.
- the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 201 to R 203 are an alkyl group (for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (for example, 3 to 15 carbon atoms), an aryl group (for example, 6 to 14 carbon atoms).
- An alkoxy group for example, having 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- a halogen atom for example, a hydroxyl group, and a phenylthio group may be substituted.
- Compound (ZI-2) is a compound in which R 201 to R 203 in formula (ZI) each independently represents an organic group having no aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring includes an aromatic ring containing a hetero atom.
- the organic group containing no aromatic ring as R 201 to R 203 generally has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 201 to R 203 are each independently preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group, more preferably a linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl group, 2-oxocycloalkyl group, alkoxy group.
- a carbonylmethyl group particularly preferably a linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl group.
- the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group represented by R 201 to R 203 are preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group). And cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, norbornyl group).
- R 201 to R 203 may be further substituted with a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (for example, having 1 to 5 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a nitro group.
- the compound (ZI-3) is a compound represented by the following formula (ZI-3) and is a compound having a phenacylsulfonium salt structure.
- R 1c to R 5c are each independently a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyloxy group, cycloalkylcarbonyloxy group, halogen atom, hydroxyl group Represents a nitro group, an alkylthio group or an arylthio group.
- R 6c and R 7c each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an aryl group.
- R x and R y each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a 2-oxoalkyl group, a 2-oxocycloalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group.
- R 1c to R 5c , R 5c and R 6c , R 6c and R 7c , R 5c and R x , and R x and R y may be bonded to form a ring structure.
- this ring structure may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a ketone group, an ester bond, or an amide bond.
- Examples of the ring structure include aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon rings, aromatic or non-aromatic heterocycles, and polycyclic fused rings formed by combining two or more of these rings.
- Examples of the ring structure include a 3- to 10-membered ring, preferably a 4- to 8-membered ring, and more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- Examples of the group formed by combining any two or more of R 1c to R 5c , R 6c and R 7c , and R x and R y include a butylene group and a pentylene group.
- the group formed by combining R 5c and R 6c and R 5c and R x is preferably a single bond or an alkylene group, and examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group and an ethylene group. .
- Zc ⁇ represents an anion in the formula (3), specifically as described above.
- alkoxy group in the alkoxycarbonyl group as R 1c ⁇ R 5c are the same as specific examples of the alkoxy group as the R 1c ⁇ R 5c.
- alkyl group in the alkylcarbonyloxy group and alkylthio group as R 1c ⁇ R 5c are the same as specific examples of the alkyl group of the R 1c ⁇ R 5c.
- cycloalkyl group in the cycloalkyl carbonyl group as R 1c ⁇ R 5c are the same as specific examples of the cycloalkyl group of the R 1c ⁇ R 5c.
- aryl group in the aryloxy group and arylthio group as R 1c ⁇ R 5c are the same as specific examples of the aryl group of the R 1c ⁇ R 5c.
- Examples of the cation in the compound (ZI-2) or (ZI-3) in the present invention include cations described in paragraph [0036] and thereafter of US Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0076996.
- the compound (ZI-4) is represented by the formula (ZI-4).
- R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a group having a cycloalkyl group. These groups may have a substituent.
- R 14 is independently a group having a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, a cycloalkylsulfonyl group, or a cycloalkyl group, when a plurality of R 14 are present. Represents. These groups may have a substituent.
- R 15 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or a naphthyl group. These groups may have a substituent.
- Two R 15 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the ring skeleton may contain a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom.
- it is preferred that two R 15 are alkylene groups and are bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- L represents an integer of 0-2.
- R represents an integer from 0 to 8.
- Z ⁇ represents an anion in the formula (3), specifically, as described above.
- the alkyl group of R 13 , R 14 and R 15 is linear or branched and preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, n -Butyl group, t-butyl group and the like are preferable.
- Examples of the cation of the compound represented by the formula (ZI-4) in the present invention include paragraphs [0121], [0123], [0124] of JP2010-256842A and JP2011-76056A. Cations described in paragraphs [0127], [0129], [0130] and the like can be mentioned.
- R 204 and R 205 each independently represents an aryl group, an alkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
- the aryl group for R 204 and R 205 is preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and more preferably a phenyl group.
- the aryl group of R 204 and R 205 may be an aryl group having a heterocyclic structure having an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and the like. Examples of the skeleton of the aryl group having a heterocyclic structure include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, and benzothiophene.
- the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group in R 204 and R 205 are preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group). ), And a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, norbornyl group).
- the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may have a substituent.
- substituents that the aryl group, alkyl group, and cycloalkyl group of R 204 and R 205 may have include, for example, an alkyl group (for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (for example, 3 to 3 carbon atoms). 15), aryl groups (for example, having 6 to 15 carbon atoms), alkoxy groups (for example, having 1 to 15 carbon atoms), halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, phenylthio groups and the like.
- the acid generator preferably has a molecular weight of 870 or less, more preferably 800 or less, still more preferably 700 or less, and particularly preferably 600 or less. This improves the DOF and LER.
- the value of the weight average molecular weight is treated as a reference for the molecular weight.
- the acid generator can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the acid generator in the composition (the total when there are plural kinds) is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 25% based on the total solid content of the composition. % By weight, more preferably 3 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 3 to 15% by weight.
- the content of the acid generator contained in the composition (the total when there are multiple types) is: 5 to 35% by mass, preferably 8 to 30% by mass, more preferably 9 to 30% by mass, and particularly preferably 9 to 25% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition.
- (C) Solvent examples of the solvent that can be used in preparing the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition by dissolving the above-described components include, for example, alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate, alkylene glycol monoalkyl. Ether, alkyl lactate ester, alkyl alkoxypropionate, cyclic lactone having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, monoketone compound having 4 to 10 carbon atoms which may contain a ring, alkylene carbonate, alkyl alkoxyacetate, alkyl pyruvate, etc.
- the organic solvent can be mentioned.
- alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate examples include propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monopropyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate, propylene glycol monoethyl Preferred examples include ether propionate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate.
- alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether examples include propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
- alkyl lactate examples include methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, propyl lactate, and butyl lactate.
- alkyl alkoxypropionate examples include ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 3-ethoxypropionate, and ethyl 3-methoxypropionate.
- Examples of the cyclic lactone having 4 to 10 carbon atoms include ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ - Caprolactone, ⁇ -octanoic lactone, and ⁇ -hydroxy- ⁇ -butyrolactone are preferred.
- Examples of the monoketone compound having 4 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally containing a ring include 2-butanone, 3-methylbutanone, pinacolone, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone, 4 -Methyl-2-pentanone, 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-pentanone, 2-hexanone, 3-hexanone, 5-methyl-3-hexanone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 2-methyl-3-heptanone, 5-methyl-3-heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl- 4-heptanone, 2-octanone, 3-octanone, 2-nonanone, 3-nonanone, 5-nonanone, 2-decanone, 3-decanone, 4-decanone, -Hexen-2-one, 3-
- alkylene carbonate examples include propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and butylene carbonate.
- alkyl alkoxyacetate examples include, for example, 2-methoxyethyl acetate, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate, 3-methoxy-3-methylbutyl acetate, and 1-methoxy acetate Preferred is -2-propyl.
- alkyl pyruvate examples include methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, and propyl pyruvate.
- a solvent which can be preferably used a solvent having a boiling point of 130 ° C. or higher under normal temperature and normal pressure can be mentioned.
- the said solvent may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together. You may use the mixed solvent which mixed the solvent which contains a hydroxyl group in a structure, and the solvent which does not contain a hydroxyl group as an organic solvent.
- solvent containing a hydroxyl group examples include ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, and ethyl lactate. Of these, propylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethyl lactate are particularly preferred.
- solvent not containing a hydroxyl group examples include propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethyl ethoxypropionate, 2-heptanone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, cyclohexanone, butyl acetate, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.
- propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethyl ethoxypropionate, 2-heptanone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, cyclohexanone, or butyl acetate are particularly preferred, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethyl ethoxypropio Nate or 2-heptanone is most preferred.
- the mixing ratio (mass ratio) of the solvent containing a hydroxyl group and the solvent not containing a hydroxyl group is 1/99 to 99/1, preferably 10/90 to 90/10, more preferably 20/80 to 60/40. is there.
- a mixed solvent containing 50% by mass or more of a solvent not containing a hydroxyl group is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of coating uniformity.
- the solvent is preferably a mixed solvent of two or more containing propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition preferably contains a basic compound in order to reduce a change in performance over time from exposure to heating.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition contains a basic compound. That is, the basic compound contained in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition moves to the protective film during pre-baking after the formation of the protective film, and a part of the basic compound is activated or light-sensitive during PEB. Return to the unexposed part of the film. In this case, since the basic compound is reduced in the exposed portion, the acid is easily diffused. On the other hand, in the unexposed portion, the basic compound is increased, so that the acid is difficult to diffuse. As described above, the contrast of acid diffusion between the exposed portion and the unexposed portion of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is increased, and as a result, DOF and EL are further improved.
- Preferred examples of the basic compound include compounds having structures represented by the following formulas (A) to (E).
- R 200 , R 201 and R 202 may be the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably having a carbon number of 1 to 20), a cycloalkyl group (preferably having a carbon number of 3 to 20) or an aryl group (having a carbon number). 6-20), wherein R 201 and R 202 may combine with each other to form a ring.
- the alkyl group having a substituent is preferably an aminoalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a cyanoalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 203 , R 204 , R 205 and R 206 may be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups in these formulas (A) to (E) are more preferably unsubstituted.
- Preferred compounds include guanidine, aminopyrrolidine, pyrazole, pyrazoline, piperazine, aminomorpholine, aminoalkylmorpholine, piperidine and the like, and more preferred compounds include imidazole structure, diazabicyclo structure, onium hydroxide structure, onium carboxylate Examples thereof include a compound having a structure, a trialkylamine structure, an aniline structure or a pyridine structure, an alkylamine derivative having a hydroxyl group and / or an ether bond, and an aniline derivative having a hydroxyl group and / or an ether bond.
- Examples of the compound having an imidazole structure include imidazole, 2,4,5-triphenylimidazole, and benzimidazole.
- Examples of the compound having a diazabicyclo structure include 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4,3,0] non-5-ene, and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5,4, 0] undec-7-ene and the like.
- Examples of the compound having an onium hydroxide structure include triarylsulfonium hydroxide, phenacylsulfonium hydroxide, sulfonium hydroxide having a 2-oxoalkyl group, specifically, triphenylsulfonium hydroxide, tris (t-butylphenyl) sulfonium.
- Examples thereof include hydroxide, bis (t-butylphenyl) iodonium hydroxide, phenacylthiophenium hydroxide, and 2-oxopropylthiophenium hydroxide.
- the compound having an onium carboxylate structure is a compound having an onium hydroxide structure in which the anion moiety is converted to a carboxylate, and examples thereof include acetate, adamantane-1-carboxylate, and perfluoroalkylcarboxylate.
- Examples of the compound having a trialkylamine structure include tri (n-butyl) amine and tri (n-octyl) amine.
- aniline compounds include 2,6-diisopropylaniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-dibutylaniline, N, N-dihexylaniline and the like.
- alkylamine derivative having a hydroxyl group and / or an ether bond examples include ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and tris (methoxyethoxyethyl) amine.
- aniline derivatives having a hydroxyl group and / or an ether bond examples include N, N-bis (hydroxyethyl) aniline.
- the compound described as the basic compound (XC) contained in the above-described protective film-forming composition (also referred to as an upper-layer film-forming composition or a topcoat composition) is preferably used. Can do.
- the amount of the basic compound used is usually 0.001 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, based on the solid content of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition.
- the photoacid generator / basic compound (molar ratio) is more preferably from 5.0 to 200, still more preferably from 7.0 to 150.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition may contain a hydrophobic resin (E).
- a hydrophobic resin for example, the above-described resin (XB) contained in the protective film-forming composition can be suitably used.
- “[4] Hydrophobic resin (D)” described in paragraphs [0389] to [0474] of JP-A No. 2014-149409 is also preferred.
- the standard polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of the hydrophobic resin (E) is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 1,000 to 50,000, and even more preferably 2,000 to 15,000. is there.
- hydrophobic resin (E) may be used alone or in combination.
- the content of the hydrophobic resin (E) in the composition is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 8% by mass, based on the total solid content in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition. % Is more preferable, and 0.1 to 7% by mass is further preferable.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition preferably further contains (F) a surfactant, and is a fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactant (fluorine-based surfactant, It is more preferable to contain any one of a silicon-based surfactant, a surfactant having both a fluorine atom and a silicon atom, or two or more thereof.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition contains the surfactant (F)
- adhesion and development defects can be obtained with good sensitivity and resolution when using an exposure light source of 250 nm or less, particularly 220 nm or less. It is possible to give a pattern with less.
- fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactant examples include, for example, JP-A-62-36663, JP-A-61-226746, JP-A-61-226745, JP-A-62-170950, JP 63-34540 A, JP 7-230165 A, JP 8-62834 A, JP 9-54432 A, JP 9-5988 A, JP 2002-277862 A, US Patent Nos. 5,405,720, 5,360,692, 5,529,881, 5,296,330, 5,436,098, 5,576,143, 5,294,511, and 5,824,451
- the following commercially available surfactants can also be used as they are.
- Examples of commercially available surfactants that can be used include EFTOP EF301 and EF303 (manufactured by Shin-Akita Kasei Co., Ltd.), Florard FC430, 431 and 4430 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), MegaFuck F171, F173, F176 and F189.
- F113, F110, F177, F120, R08 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.), Surflon S-382, SC101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), Troisol S-366 (Manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd.), GF-300, GF-150 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), Surflon S-393 (manufactured by Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.), F-top EF121, EF122A, EF122B, RF122C, EF125M , EF135M, EF351, 352, EF801, EF802, E 601 (manufactured by Gemco), PF636, PF656, PF6320, PF6520 (manufactured by OMNOVA), FTX-204D, 208G, 218G, 230
- the surfactant is derived from a fluoroaliphatic compound produced by the telomerization method (also called telomer method) or the oligomerization method (also called oligomer method).
- telomer method also called telomer method
- oligomer method also called oligomer method
- a surfactant using a polymer having a fluoroaliphatic group can be used.
- the fluoroaliphatic compound can be synthesized by the method described in JP-A-2002-90991.
- polymer having a fluoroaliphatic group a copolymer of a monomer having a fluoroaliphatic group and (poly (oxyalkylene)) acrylate and / or (poly (oxyalkylene)) methacrylate is preferable and distributed irregularly. Or may be block copolymerized.
- the poly (oxyalkylene) group include a poly (oxyethylene) group, a poly (oxypropylene) group, a poly (oxybutylene) group, and the like, and a poly (oxyethylene, oxypropylene, and oxyethylene group).
- a unit having different chain lengths in the same chain length such as a block link) or poly (block link of oxyethylene and oxypropylene) may be used.
- a copolymer of a monomer having a fluoroaliphatic group and (poly (oxyalkylene)) acrylate (or methacrylate) is not only a binary copolymer but also a monomer having two or more different fluoroaliphatic groups, Further, it may be a ternary or higher copolymer obtained by copolymerizing two or more different (poly (oxyalkylene)) acrylates (or methacrylates) at the same time.
- surfactants other than fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactants can be used.
- Sorbitans such as polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers, polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block copolymers, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristearate Fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopal Te - DOO, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, may be mentioned polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate nonionic surfactants of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as such.
- surfactants may be used alone or in some combination.
- the amount of the surfactant used is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5%, based on the total amount of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition (excluding the solvent). % By mass.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition may contain (G) a carboxylic acid onium salt.
- the carboxylic acid onium salt include a carboxylic acid sulfonium salt, a carboxylic acid iodonium salt, and a carboxylic acid ammonium salt.
- the (G) carboxylic acid onium salt is preferably an iodonium salt or a sulfonium salt.
- the carboxylate residue of the (G) carboxylic acid onium salt does not contain an aromatic group or a carbon-carbon double bond.
- a particularly preferred anion moiety is a linear, branched or cyclic (monocyclic or polycyclic) alkylcarboxylic acid anion having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. More preferably, an anion of a carboxylic acid in which some or all of these alkyl groups are fluorine-substituted is preferable.
- the alkyl chain may contain an oxygen atom. This ensures transparency with respect to light of 220 nm or less, improves sensitivity and resolution, and improves density dependency and exposure margin.
- Fluoro-substituted carboxylic acid anions include fluoroacetic acid, difluoroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, pentafluoropropionic acid, heptafluorobutyric acid, nonafluoropentanoic acid, perfluorododecanoic acid, perfluorotridecanoic acid, perfluorocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 2 And an anion of 2-bistrifluoromethylpropionic acid.
- (G) carboxylic acid onium salts can be synthesized by reacting sulfonium hydroxide, iodonium hydroxide, or ammonium hydroxide and carboxylic acid with silver oxide in a suitable solvent.
- the content of the carboxylic acid onium salt in the composition is generally 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.5%, based on the total solid content of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition. It is ⁇ 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 7% by mass.
- a dye for the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, a dye, a plasticizer, a photosensitizer, a light absorber, an alkali-soluble resin, a dissolution inhibitor and a developer are further added as necessary.
- a phenol compound having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, an alicyclic group having a carboxyl group, or an aliphatic compound that promotes the solubility in water can be contained.
- Such phenol compounds having a molecular weight of 1000 or less can be obtained by referring to the methods described in, for example, JP-A-4-1222938, JP-A-2-28531, US Pat. No. 4,916,210, European Patent 219294, and the like. Can be easily synthesized by those skilled in the art.
- alicyclic or aliphatic compound having a carboxyl group examples include carboxylic acid derivatives having a steroid structure such as cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, adamantane carboxylic acid derivatives, adamantane dicarboxylic acid, cyclohexane carboxylic acid, and Although cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid etc. are mentioned, it is not limited to these.
- Examples of a method for forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film on a substrate include a method of applying an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition on the substrate.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known spin coating method, spray method, roller coating method, dipping method or the like can be used, and the spin coating method is preferable.
- the substrate After forming the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, the substrate may be heated (prebaked (PB)) as necessary. Thereby, the film
- the temperature of the pre-baking after the formation of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film in step a is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 ° C to 160 ° C, more preferably 60 ° C to 140 ° C.
- the substrate on which the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is formed is not particularly limited; inorganic substrates such as silicon, SiN, and SiO 2 ; coated inorganic substrates such as SOG (Spin on Glass); IC (Integrated circuit), a circuit board manufacturing process such as a liquid crystal and thermal head, and other photofabrication lithography processes.
- inorganic substrates such as silicon, SiN, and SiO 2
- coated inorganic substrates such as SOG (Spin on Glass)
- IC Integrated circuit
- a circuit board manufacturing process such as a liquid crystal and thermal head, and other photofabrication lithography processes.
- an antireflection film may be coated on the substrate in advance.
- any of an inorganic film type such as titanium, titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, carbon, and amorphous silicon, and an organic film type made of a light absorber and a polymer material can be used.
- an organic antireflection film ARC series such as DUV30 series, DUV-40 series manufactured by Brewer Science, AR-2, AR-3, AR-5 manufactured by Shipley, ARC29A manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., etc. are commercially available.
- An organic antireflection film can also be used.
- a protective film is formed on the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film formed in step a using a protective film-forming composition (topcoat composition).
- a protective film-forming composition topcoat composition
- the method for forming the protective film include a method of applying the protective film-forming composition on the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film. It does not specifically limit as a coating method, The method similar to the coating method of the actinic-light sensitive or radiation sensitive resin composition mentioned above is mentioned.
- prebaking PB
- pre-baking after the formation of the protective film is preferable because the receding contact angle of water on the surface of the protective film can be increased and the DOF and EL performances are improved.
- the receding contact angle of water on the protective film surface is preferably 80 ° or more, and more preferably 85 ° or more. Although an upper limit is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable that it is 100 degrees or less.
- the receding contact angle for water refers to the receding contact angle at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 45%.
- the forward contact angle of water on the surface of the protective film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90 to 120 °, more preferably 90 to 110 °.
- the receding contact angle and the advancing contact angle of water on the surface of the protective film are measured as follows.
- the composition for forming a protective film is applied on a silicon wafer by spin coating, and dried at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a film (film thickness: 120 nm).
- a dynamic contact angle meter for example, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.
- the advancing contact angle and the receding contact angle of the water droplet are measured by the expansion / contraction method.
- a droplet initial droplet size 35 ⁇ L
- the droplet is discharged or sucked at a rate of 6 ⁇ L / second for 5 seconds, and the dynamic contact angle during discharge is increased.
- the advancing contact angle when stabilized and the receding contact angle when the dynamic contact angle during suction is stabilized are obtained.
- the measurement environment is 23 ⁇ 3 ° C. and relative humidity 45 ⁇ 5%.
- the immersion liquid In immersion exposure, it is necessary for the immersion liquid to move on the substrate following the movement of the exposure head scanning and exposing the substrate at a high speed to form a pattern. Therefore, the contact angle of the immersion liquid with respect to the resist film in a dynamic state is important, and in order to obtain better resist performance, it is preferable to have a receding contact angle in the above range.
- the pre-baking temperature (hereinafter also referred to as “PB temperature”) after forming the protective film in step b is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 105 ° C. or higher, and 110 More preferably, it is 120 ° C. or more, most preferably 120 ° C. or more.
- the upper limit of the PB temperature after the formation of the protective film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 200 ° C. or less, preferably 170 ° C. or less, more preferably 160 ° C. or less, and further preferably 150 ° C. or less.
- the protective film is disposed between the resist film and the immersion liquid and functions as a layer that does not directly contact the resist film with the immersion liquid.
- the properties that the protective film-forming composition preferably has include proper application to a resist film, and the properties that the protective film preferably has include transparency to radiation, particularly a wavelength of 193 nm, and Examples include poor solubility in an immersion liquid (preferably water).
- the composition for forming a protective film is not mixed with the resist film and can be uniformly applied to the surface of the resist film.
- the protective film-forming composition preferably contains a solvent that does not dissolve the resist film.
- a solvent that does not dissolve the resist film it is more preferable to use a solvent having a component different from the developer described later.
- the coating method of the composition for forming a protective film is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known spin coating method, spray method, roller coating method, dipping method, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the protective film is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 nm to 300 nm, preferably 10 nm to 300 nm, more preferably 20 nm to 200 nm, and still more preferably 30 nm to 100 nm from the viewpoint of transparency to the exposure light source.
- the refractive index of the protective film is preferably close to the refractive index of the resist film from the viewpoint of resolution.
- the protective film is preferably insoluble in the immersion liquid, and more preferably insoluble in water.
- an organic developer described later may be used, or a separate peeling solution may be used.
- the stripping solution a solvent having a small penetration into the resist film is preferable.
- the protective film is preferably peelable with an organic developer.
- the organic developer used for the stripping is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve and remove the low-exposed portion of the resist film, and will be described later ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, ether solvents.
- a developer containing a polar solvent such as a hydrocarbon solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent and preferably a developer containing a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent, or an ether solvent, and a developer containing an ester solvent. Is more preferable, and a developer containing butyl acetate is more preferable.
- the protective film has a dissolution rate in the organic developer of preferably 1 to 300 nm / sec, more preferably 10 to 100 nm / sec.
- the dissolution rate of the protective film with respect to the organic developer is a film thickness decreasing rate when the protective film is formed and then exposed to the developer.
- the film is immersed in a butyl acetate solution at 23 ° C. It is set as the film thickness reduction rate when it is used.
- the dissolution rate of the protective film in the organic developer By setting the dissolution rate of the protective film in the organic developer to 1 / sec or more, preferably 10 nm / sec or more, there is an effect of reducing the occurrence of development defects after developing the resist film.
- the line edge roughness of the pattern after developing the resist film is likely to be better due to the effect of reducing the exposure unevenness during immersion exposure. effective.
- the protective film may be removed using another known developer, for example, an alkaline aqueous solution.
- an alkaline aqueous solution that can be used include an aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
- step c exposure is performed on a laminated film including a resist film and a protective film formed thereon.
- the exposure in step c can be performed by a known method.
- the laminated film is irradiated with actinic rays or radiation through a predetermined mask.
- actinic rays or radiation is irradiated through the immersion liquid, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the exposure amount can be appropriately set, but is usually 1 to 100 mJ / cm 2 .
- the wavelength of the light source used in the exposure apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use light having a wavelength of 250 nm or less.
- Examples thereof include KrF excimer laser light (248 nm) and ArF excimer laser light (193 nm).
- ArF excimer laser light (193 nm) examples thereof include KrF excimer laser light (248 nm) and ArF excimer laser light (193 nm).
- F 2 excimer laser light 157 nm
- EUV light (13.5 nm
- an electron beam it is preferable to use ArF excimer laser light (193 nm).
- the surface of the laminated film may be washed with an aqueous chemical before exposure and / or before exposure and before heating (PEB) described later.
- PEB aqueous chemical before exposure and / or before exposure and before heating
- the immersion liquid is preferably a liquid that is transparent to the exposure wavelength and has a refractive index temperature coefficient that is as small as possible so as to minimize distortion of the optical image projected onto the laminated film.
- the exposure light source is ArF excimer laser light (wavelength; 193 nm)
- an additive liquid that decreases the surface tension of the water and increases the surface activity may be added to the water in a small proportion.
- This additive is preferably one that does not dissolve the resist film on the substrate and can ignore the influence on the optical coating on the lower surface of the lens element.
- distilled water is preferable.
- pure water filtered through an ion exchange filter or the like may be used. Thereby, distortion of the optical image projected on the resist film due to mixing of impurities can be suppressed.
- a medium having a refractive index of 1.5 or more can be used in that the refractive index can be further improved.
- This medium may be an aqueous solution or an organic solvent.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention may include the step c (exposure step) a plurality of times.
- the same light source or different light sources may be used for the multiple exposures, but ArF excimer laser light (wavelength: 193 nm) is preferably used for the first exposure.
- PEB heating
- development preferably further rinsing
- a good pattern can be obtained.
- the temperature of PEB is not particularly limited as long as a good pattern can be obtained, and is usually 40 ° C. to 160 ° C. PEB may be performed once or multiple times.
- Step d a pattern is formed by developing using a developer.
- Step d is preferably a step of simultaneously removing soluble portions of the resist film.
- the developer both a developer containing an organic solvent and an alkali developer can be used.
- Examples of the developer (organic developer) containing an organic solvent used in step d include polar solvents such as ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, ether solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents.
- polar solvents such as ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, ether solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents.
- the developing solution containing is mentioned.
- ketone solvents include 1-octanone, 2-octanone, 1-nonanone, 2-nonanone, acetone, 2-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 1-hexanone, 2-hexanone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, Examples include phenylacetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetyl acetone, acetonyl acetone, ionone, diacetyl alcohol, acetyl carbinol, acetophenone, methyl naphthyl ketone, isophorone, and propylene carbonate.
- ester solvents include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate (n-butyl acetate), pentyl acetate, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, butyl propionate (n-butyl propionate), butyl butyrate, butyric acid Isobutyl, butyl butanoate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethyl-3-ethoxypropionate, 3-methoxybutyl acetate, 3- Methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl formate, butyl formate, propyl formate, ethyl lactate, butyl lac
- alcohol solvents examples include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol, n-heptyl alcohol, alcohols such as n-octyl alcohol and n-decanol; glycol solvents such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene Glycol glycols such as glycol monoethyl ether and methoxymethylbutanol And the like can be given; Le solvents.
- ether solvent examples include dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and the like in addition to the glycol ether solvent.
- amide solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone. Can be used.
- hydrocarbon solvent examples include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, octane, and decane;
- a plurality of the above solvents may be mixed, or a solvent other than the above and water may be mixed and used.
- the water content of the developer as a whole is preferably less than 10% by mass, and more preferably substantially free of moisture.
- the amount of the organic solvent used relative to the organic developer is preferably 90% by mass to 100% by mass, and more preferably 95% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total amount of the developer.
- the organic developer includes a developer containing at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents, and ether solvents.
- a developer containing a ketone solvent or an ester solvent is more preferred, and a developer containing butyl acetate, butyl propionate, or 2-heptanone is more preferred.
- the vapor pressure of the organic developer at 20 ° C. is preferably 5 kPa or less, more preferably 3 kPa or less, and even more preferably 2 kPa or less.
- Specific examples having a vapor pressure of 5 kPa or less (2 kPa or less) include the solvents described in paragraph [0165] of JP-A No. 2014-71304.
- An appropriate amount of a surfactant can be added to the organic developer as necessary.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited, and for example, ionic or nonionic fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactants can be used.
- fluorine and / or silicon surfactants include, for example, JP-A No. 62-36663, JP-A No. 61-226746, JP-A No. 61-226745, JP-A No. 62-170950, JP-A-63-34540, JP-A-7-230165, JP-A-8-62834, JP-A-9-54432, JP-A-9-5988, US Pat. No. 5,405,720, Mentioning the surfactants described in US Pat. Nos. 5,360,692, 5,298,881, 5,296,330, 5,346,098, 5,576,143, 5,294,511, and 5,824,451.
- it is a nonionic surfactant.
- the amount of the surfactant used is usually 0.001 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.005 to 2% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the developer.
- the organic developer may contain a basic compound.
- Specific examples and preferred examples of the basic compound that can be contained in the organic developer used in the present invention are the same as those of the basic compound XC described above.
- alkali developer examples include inorganic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and aqueous ammonia; primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propylamine; Secondary amines such as diethylamine and di-n-butylamine; tertiary amines such as triethylamine and methyldiethylamine; alcohol amines such as dimethylethanolamine and triethanolamine; tetramethylammonium hydroxide and tetraethylammonium Alkaline aqueous solutions such as quaternary ammonium salts such as hydroxide; cyclic amines such as pyrrole and piperidine; and the like can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use an aqueous solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
- primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propyl
- an appropriate amount of alcohol and / or surfactant can be added to the alkali developer.
- the alkali concentration of the alkali developer is usually from 0.01 to 20% by mass.
- the pH of the alkali developer is usually from 10.0 to 15.0.
- the development time using an alkali developer is usually 10 to 300 seconds.
- the alkali concentration (and pH) of the alkali developer and the development time can be appropriately adjusted according to the pattern to be formed.
- a development method for example, a method in which a substrate is immersed in a tank filled with a developer for a certain period of time (dip method), a method in which the developer is raised on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and is left stationary for a certain time (paddle) Method), a method of spraying the developer on the substrate surface (spray method), and a method of continuously discharging the developer while scanning the developer discharge nozzle at a constant speed on the substrate rotating at a constant speed (dynamic dispensing method). ) And the like.
- a step of stopping development while substituting with another solvent may be included.
- a step of washing using a rinse solution may be included.
- the rinse solution is not particularly limited as long as the pattern is not dissolved, and a solution containing a general organic solvent can be used.
- a solution containing a general organic solvent for example, from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon solvent, a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent, an amide solvent, and an ether solvent described above as the organic solvent contained in the organic developer. It is preferable to use a rinsing liquid containing at least one selected organic solvent. More preferably, the step of washing with a rinsing liquid containing at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, and amide solvents. I do. More preferably, a cleaning step is performed using a rinse solution containing a hydrocarbon solvent, an alcohol solvent, or an ester solvent.
- examples of the monohydric alcohol used in the rinsing step include linear, branched, and cyclic monohydric alcohols, and specific examples thereof include 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and 3-methyl.
- hydrocarbon solvent used in the rinsing step examples include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, octane, decane (n-decane), and undecane. System solvents; and the like.
- a glycol ether solvent may be used in addition to the ester solvent (one or more).
- Specific examples in this case include using an ester solvent (preferably butyl acetate) as a main component and a glycol ether solvent (preferably propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)) as a subcomponent. Thereby, residue defects are suppressed.
- an ester solvent preferably butyl acetate
- a glycol ether solvent preferably propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)
- a plurality of the above components may be mixed, or may be used by mixing with an organic solvent other than the above.
- the water content in the rinse liquid is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 3% by mass or less. By setting the water content to 10% by mass or less, good development characteristics can be obtained.
- the vapor pressure of the rinse liquid is preferably 0.05 to 5 kPa at 20 ° C., more preferably 0.1 to 5 kPa, and even more preferably 0.12 to 3 kPa.
- An appropriate amount of a surfactant can be added to the rinse solution.
- the substrate that has been developed using the developer containing the organic solvent is washed using the rinse solution containing the organic solvent.
- the method of the cleaning process is not particularly limited.
- the method of continuously discharging the rinse liquid onto the substrate rotating at a constant speed (rotary coating method), and the substrate is immersed in a tank filled with the rinse liquid for a certain period of time.
- a method (dip method), a method of spraying a rinsing liquid onto the substrate surface (spray method), and the like can be applied.
- a heating process (PostBake) after the rinsing process. Baking removes the developer and rinse solution remaining between patterns and inside the pattern.
- the heating step after the rinsing step is usually performed at 40 to 160 ° C., preferably 70 to 95 ° C., usually 10 seconds to 3 minutes, preferably 30 seconds to 90 seconds.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention may be developed using an alkaline developer after development using an organic developer. A portion with low exposure intensity is removed by development using an organic solvent, but a portion with high exposure intensity is also removed by development using an alkaline developer. In this way, by the multiple development process in which development is performed a plurality of times, a pattern can be formed without dissolving only an intermediate exposure intensity region, so that a finer pattern than usual can be formed (paragraph of JP 2008-292975 A). [Mechanism similar to [0077]).
- the substrate may be washed with a rinse solution.
- a rinse solution pure water may be used, and an appropriate amount of a surfactant may be added.
- a process of removing the developing solution or the rinsing liquid adhering to the pattern with a supercritical fluid can be performed.
- a heat treatment can be performed to remove moisture remaining in the pattern.
- a conductive compound is added to prevent the failure of chemical piping and various parts (filter, O-ring, tube, etc.) due to electrostatic charging and subsequent electrostatic discharge. You may do it. Although it does not restrict
- the addition amount is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- SUS stainless steel
- various pipes coated with antistatic-treated polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin should be used. it can.
- polyethylene, polypropylene, or fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.) subjected to antistatic treatment can be used for the filter and O-ring.
- the developer and the rinsing liquid are stored in a waste liquid tank through a pipe after use.
- a hydrocarbon-based solvent is used as the rinsing liquid
- the resist dissolved in the developer is deposited, and in order to prevent the resist from adhering to the rear surface of the wafer or the side of the pipe, the solvent in which the resist dissolves is added to the pipe again.
- As a method of passing through the piping after washing with a rinsing liquid, cleaning the back and side surfaces of the substrate with a solvent that dissolves the resist and / or passing the solvent through which the resist dissolves without contacting the resist. The method of flowing in is mentioned.
- the solvent to be passed through the pipe is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the resist, and examples thereof include the organic solvents described above, such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monopropyl.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- PGMEA propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate
- propylene glycol monopropyl propylene glycol monopropyl.
- the protective film forming composition of the present invention and various materials used in the pattern forming method of the present invention preferably does not contain impurities such as metals (solid metal and metal ions).
- impurities such as metals (solid metal and metal ions).
- the metal impurity component include Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Al, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ag, Sn, Pb, and Li.
- the total content of impurities contained in these materials is preferably 1 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppb or less, still more preferably 100 ppt or less, particularly preferably 10 ppt or less, and most preferably 1 ppt or less.
- Examples of the method for removing impurities such as metals from the various materials include filtration using a filter.
- the pore size of the filter is preferably 10 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or less, and still more preferably 3 nm or less.
- a filter made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, or nylon is preferable.
- the filter may be a composite material obtained by combining these materials and ion exchange media.
- a filter that has been washed in advance with an organic solvent may be used.
- a plurality of types of filters may be connected in series or in parallel. When using a plurality of types of filters, filters having different pore diameters and / or materials may be used in combination.
- various materials may be filtered a plurality of times, and the step of filtering a plurality of times may be a circulating filtration step.
- a raw material having a low metal content is selected as a raw material constituting the various materials, and filter filtration is performed on the raw materials constituting the various materials.
- a method of performing distillation under a condition in which contamination is suppressed as much as possible by lining the inside of the apparatus with Teflon (registered trademark) can be exemplified.
- Teflon registered trademark
- the preferable conditions for filter filtration performed on the raw materials constituting the various materials are the same as those described above.
- impurities may be removed with an adsorbent, or a combination of filter filtration and adsorbent may be used.
- adsorbent known adsorbents can be used.
- inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel and zeolite, and organic adsorbents such as activated carbon can be used.
- metal impurities such as metals contained in the various materials
- it is necessary to prevent metal impurities from being mixed in the manufacturing process. Whether or not the metal impurities have been sufficiently removed from the manufacturing apparatus can be confirmed by measuring the content of the metal component contained in the cleaning liquid used for cleaning the manufacturing apparatus.
- the content of the metal component contained in the cleaning liquid after use is more preferably 100 ppt (parts per trigger) or less, further preferably 10 ppt or less, and particularly preferably 1 ppt or less.
- a method for improving the surface roughness of the pattern may be applied to the pattern formed by the pattern forming method of the present invention.
- a method for improving the surface roughness of the pattern for example, a method of treating a resist pattern by plasma of a gas containing hydrogen disclosed in WO2014 / 002808A1 can be mentioned.
- JP2004-235468, US2010 / 0020297A, JP2009-19969, Proc. Of SPIE Vol. 8328 83280N-1 “EUV Resist Curing Technique for LWR Reduction and Etch Selectivity Enhancement” may be applied.
- An imprint mold may be prepared using an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition.
- an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition For details, see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4109085 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-162101.
- the pattern formation method of the present invention can also be used for guide pattern formation in DSA (Directed Self-Assembly) (see, for example, ACSano Vol. 4 No. 8 Page 4815-4823).
- DSA Directed Self-Assembly
- the pattern formed by the above method can be used as a core material (core) of a spacer process disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 3-270227 and 2013-164509.
- the present invention also relates to an electronic device manufacturing method including the above-described pattern forming method of the present invention.
- the electronic device manufactured by the method for manufacturing an electronic device of the present invention is preferably mounted on an electric / electronic device (home appliance, OA (Office Automation) device, media-related device, optical device, communication device, etc.). .
- an electric / electronic device home appliance, OA (Office Automation) device, media-related device, optical device, communication device, etc.
- Resin X-1 (20.9 g) shown below.
- the obtained resin X-1 had a weight average molecular weight of 8000 in terms of standard polystyrene and a dispersity (Mw / Mn) of 1.69.
- the composition ratio of the repeating units measured by 13 C-NMR was 40/30/30 in molar ratio in order from the left in the following formula.
- Resins X-1 to X-18 correspond to Resin XA
- Resins X-19 to X-27 correspond to Resin XB.
- resins X-1 to X-27 are resins having repeating units corresponding to any of monomers XM-1 to XM-26 in the molar ratios shown in Table 1, respectively.
- the fluorine atom content R F (mass%) in each resin is obtained by calculating the fluorine atom content M F (mass%) in each monomer according to the following formula (1). Determined by
- Peroxide content (mmol / L) (AB) ⁇ F / sample amount (ml) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 2
- the detection limit of peroxide by this analysis method is 0.01 mmol / L.
- the peroxide content of the solvent obtained as described above was 0.01 to 0.09 mmol / L.
- Step of comparing the measured or confirmed peroxide content with the tolerance The permissible value of the peroxide content was set to 0.1 mmol / L, and a comparison step was performed. It was confirmed that the peroxide content of any of the solvents shown in Table 2 was below an allowable value.
- ⁇ Dissolving step and filtering step> Each component shown in Table 2 is dissolved in each solvent shown in Table 2 to prepare a solution having a solid content concentration of 3.0% by mass, which is filtered through a polyethylene filter having a pore size of 0.04 ⁇ m to be protected.
- Film-forming compositions T-1 to T-32, TC-1 to TC-5, and TR-1 to TR-5 were prepared.
- the content (% by mass) of the compound and the surfactant is based on the total solid content of the composition for forming a protective film.
- the content of each antioxidant in the protective film forming compositions T-1 to T-32 was 300 mass ppm based on the total solid content of the protective film forming composition.
- T-1 to 32 and TC-1 to 5 were each sealed in a colorless and transparent glass bottle in an air environment after the filter filtration step.
- the glass bottles in which the respective protective film forming compositions are sealed are stored for 6 months under the conditions of a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 30%, then the glass bottles are opened, and the respective protective film forming compositions after storage are described below. It used for the evaluation test.
- TR-1 to TR-5 the blending ratio was the same as that of TC-1 to 5, but it was used for evaluation without storage.
- W-1 PF6320 (manufactured by OMNOVA; fluorine-based)
- W-2 Troisol S-366 (manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd .; silicon-based)
- W-3 Polysiloxane polymer KP-341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., silicon-based)
- the reaction solution was further stirred at 80 ° C. for 2 hours. After allowing the reaction liquid to cool, it is reprecipitated with a large amount of hexane / ethyl acetate (mass ratio 9: 1) using the reaction liquid, the precipitated solid is recovered by filtration, and the resulting solid is vacuum-dried. As a result, 41.1 parts by mass of Resin (1) was obtained as an acid-decomposable resin.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn), and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the obtained resin were calculated by GPC measurement under the following measurement conditions.
- the same operations as in Synthesis Example 1 were performed to synthesize the following resins (2) to (13) as acid-decomposable resins.
- Table 3 summarizes the composition ratio (molar ratio; corresponding in order from the left), weight average molecular weight (Mw), and dispersity (Mw / Mn) of each repeating unit in the resins (1) to (13). These were calculated
- ⁇ Basic compound> The following compounds were used as basic compounds.
- ⁇ Hydrophobic resin> The following resins were used as hydrophobic resins. It shows with the composition ratio of each repeating unit, a weight average molecular weight (Mw), and dispersion degree (Mw / Mn). These were calculated
- W-1 PF6320 (manufactured by OMNOVA; fluorine-based)
- W-2 Troisol S-366 (manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd .; silicon-based)
- W-3 Polysiloxane polymer KP-341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., silicon-based)
- SL-1 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA)
- SL-2 Cyclohexanone
- SL-3 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)
- SL-4 ⁇ -butyrolactone
- SL-5 propylene carbonate
- SL-6 2-ethylbutanol
- SL-7 perfluorobutyltetrahydrofuran
- Examples 1 to 32, Comparative Examples 1 to 5, and Reference Examples 1 to 5 A laminated film was formed by the following method using the resist composition and the protective film forming composition, and various evaluations were performed. Resist composition and protective film forming composition used for forming each laminated film of Examples 1 to 32, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Examples 1 to 5, organic developer used for development, and rinsing Table 5 shows the rinsing liquid used.
- Each composition for forming a protective film was applied onto a silicon wafer by spin coating, and dried at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a film (film thickness: 120 nm).
- a receding contact angle (RCA) of a water droplet was measured by an expansion contraction method using a dynamic contact angle meter (for example, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.).
- a droplet (initial droplet size 35 ⁇ L) is dropped on the protective film and sucked for 5 seconds at a speed of 6 L / second, and the receding contact angle (RCA) when the dynamic contact angle during suction is stable is obtained. Asked.
- the measurement environment is 23 ° C. and relative humidity 45%. The results are shown in Table 5.
- a laminated film was formed using the resist composition and the protective film-forming composition prepared above.
- a pattern was formed on the laminated film by the following method and evaluated by the following method.
- An organic antireflection film-forming composition ARC29SR manufactured by Brewer was applied onto a silicon wafer and baked at 205 ° C. for 60 seconds to form an antireflection film having a thickness of 86 nm.
- the resist composition shown in Table 5 below was applied, and the silicon wafer on which the resist composition was applied was baked at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds. A resist film was formed.
- composition for forming a protective film shown in the following Table 5 was applied onto the resist film, and then baked for 60 seconds at the PB temperature (unit: ° C.) shown in the same table.
- a protective film having a film thickness was formed to obtain a laminated film having a resist film and a protective film.
- the hole portion is 65 nm
- the hole Pattern exposure (immersion exposure) of the laminated film was performed through a square array halftone mask (hole portion was shielded) with a pitch of 100 nm therebetween. Ultra pure water was used as the immersion liquid.
- the exposed laminated film was heated at 90 ° C. for 60 seconds (PEB: Post Exposure Bake). Subsequently, development was carried out by paddling with an organic developer described in Table 5 for 30 seconds, and paddle was rinsed with padding for 30 seconds described in the same table. Subsequently, a hole pattern with a hole diameter of 50 nm was obtained by rotating the silicon wafer at a rotation speed of 2000 rpm for 30 seconds.
- the protective film forming compositions of Examples 1 to 32 containing a resin, a basic compound, a solvent, and an antioxidant obtained the desired effects of the present invention.
- the protective film-forming compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 containing no antioxidant did not obtain the desired effects.
- Examples 16, 26, and 27 in which the content of the resin XB is 20% by mass or less with respect to the total solid content of the protective film forming composition are more than the protective film forming composition of Example 28. , Each had a better effect of the present invention.
- the protective film-forming composition of Example 16 in which the fluorine atom content in the resin XA is 0 to 5% by mass is superior to the protective film-forming composition of Example 30 in the present invention. Had an effect. Further, the protective film-forming composition of Example 16 in which the fluorine atom content in the resin XB is 15% by mass or more has the effect of the present invention superior to that of the protective film-forming composition of Example 31. Had. In addition, the protective film-forming composition of Example 32, in which the solvent contains a secondary alcohol and an ether solvent, has a better effect of the present invention than the protective film-forming composition of Example 7. Had. Moreover, the composition for protective film formation of Example 3 whose resin XA is a resin which does not contain a fluorine atom has the effect of this invention superior to the composition for protective film formation of Example 10. It was.
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- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1には、「有機溶媒を含有する現像液を用いるネガ型パターン形成方法用保護膜形成組成物であって、[A]フッ素原子含有重合体、および[B]溶媒を含有し、[B]溶媒が、鎖状エーテル系溶媒、炭化水素系溶媒および炭素数5以上のアルコール系溶媒からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含むことを特徴とする保護膜形成組成物。」が記載されている。
また、本発明は、保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法、パターン形成方法、および、電子デバイスの製造方法を提供することも課題とする。
すなわち、以下の構成により上記課題を達成することができることを見出した。
[2] 樹脂が、樹脂XAと、フッ素原子を含有する樹脂XBと、を含有し、樹脂XAは、フッ素原子を含有しない樹脂であるか、フッ素原子を含有する場合には、質量基準によるフッ素原子の含有率が樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率よりも低い樹脂である、[1]に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[3] 樹脂XBの含有率が、保護膜形成用組成物の全固形分に対して20質量%以下である、[2]に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[4] 溶剤が、第2級アルコールを含有する、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[5] 樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率が0~5質量%である、[2]~[4]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[6] 樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率が15質量%以上である、[2]~[5]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[7] 溶剤が第2級アルコールと、エーテル系溶剤と、を含有する、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[8] 樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率と、樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率との差が10質量%以上である、[2]~[7]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[9] 樹脂XAがフッ素原子を含有しない樹脂である、[2]~[8]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[10] 塩基性化合物が、アミン化合物、および、アミド化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
[11] 過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程と、溶剤、樹脂、塩基性化合物、および、酸化防止剤を混合して、保護膜形成用組成物を調製する工程とを有する、保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法。
[12] 感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて、基板上に感活性光線性または感放射線性膜を形成する工程と、[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の保護膜形成用組成物を用いて、感活性光線性または感放射線性膜上に保護膜を形成する工程と、感活性光線性または感放射線性膜と保護膜を含む積層膜を露光する工程と、露光された積層膜に対して、現像液を用いて現像を行う工程と、を含み、保護膜形成用組成物は、樹脂と、塩基性化合物と、溶剤と、酸化防止剤と、を含有する、パターン形成方法。
[13] 露光が液浸露光である、[12]に記載のパターン形成方法。
[14][12]または[13]のいずれかに記載のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
また、本発明によれば、保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法、パターン形成方法、および、電子デバイスの製造方法を提供することもできる。
以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、本発明の代表的な実施態様に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施態様に限定されるものではない。
なお本明細書における基(原子群)の表記において、置換および無置換を記していない表記は、本発明の効果を損ねない範囲で、置換基を有さないものと共に置換基を有するものをも包含するものである。例えば、「アルキル基」とは、置換基を有さないアルキル基(無置換アルキル基)のみならず、置換基を有するアルキル基(置換アルキル基)をも包含するものである。このことは、各化合物についても同義である。
また、本明細書中における「放射線」とは、例えば、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、極紫外線、EUV(Extreme ultraviolet)、X線、および、電子線等を意味する。また、本明細書において光とは、活性光線または放射線を意味する。本明細書中における「露光」とは、とくに断らない限り、水銀灯およびエキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、X線、ならびに、EUVなどによる露光のみならず、電子線およびイオンビーム等の粒子線による描画も露光に含める。
また、本明細書において、「(メタ)アクリレート」はアクリレートおよびメタクリレートの双方、または、いずれかを表し、「(メタ)アクリル」はアクリルおよびメタクリルの双方、または、いずれかを表す。
また、本明細書において、「単量体」と「モノマー」とは同義である。本明細書における単量体は、オリゴマーおよびポリマーと区別され、とくに断らない限り、重量平均分子量が2,000以下の化合物をいう。本明細書において、重合性化合物とは、重合性官能基を有する化合物のことをいい、単量体であっても、ポリマーであってもよい。重合性官能基とは、重合反応に関与する基を言う。
また、本明細書において「準備」というときには、特定の材料を合成ないし調合等して備えることのほか、購入等により所定の物を調達することを含む意味である。
また、本明細書において、「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値を下限値および上限値として含む範囲を意味する。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、樹脂と、塩基性化合物と、溶剤と、酸化防止剤と、を含有する。
この理由の詳細は明らかではないが、本発明者は以下のように推測している。
化学増幅型レジストにはポジ型とネガ型があり、一般的に、いずれも、光酸発生剤と、酸の作用により極性が変化する樹脂と、を含む組成物が用いられる。この組成物を露光することにより、露光部に含まれる光酸発生剤により生じた酸が樹脂に作用し、樹脂の極性が変化する。そのため、露光された組成物を、アルカリ現像液または有機溶剤を含む現像液によって現像することにより、ポジ型、または、ネガ型パターンが得られる。
この塩基性化合物の化学変化は、本発明者がさらに検討を行った結果、保護膜形成用組成物に含まれる過酸化物によって引き起こされることを知見した。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、樹脂を含有する。樹脂は、保護膜形成用組成物を用いてレジスト膜上に形成された保護膜において、例えば、以下に掲げる作用を有する。まず、液浸露光において、液浸液へのレジスト膜成分の移動を最小限にする、または、妨げる作用である。また、保護膜と液浸液との界面において、液浸露光機のスキャン露光時に、液浸液の液残りによる欠損を防ぐ作用である。樹脂としては、公知のものを用いることができ、例えば特開2014-56194号公報の0016~0165段落に記載の樹脂を用いることができ、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
樹脂が、フッ素原子の含有率が互いに異なる2種の樹脂XA、および、樹脂XBを含有することにより、保護膜の表面にフッ素原子含有率のより高い樹脂XBが偏在化しやすく、保護膜表面の疎水性が高まり易いと推測される。従って、保護膜は、水に対するより優れた後退接触角を有する。これにより、スキャン露光時の液浸液の液残りによる欠陥の発生をより少なくすることができる。また、後述する塩基性化合物の保護膜からの揮発が抑制され、塩基性化合物がレジスト膜の未露光部へ効率よく移動すると推測され、本発明の保護膜を積層したレジスト膜は、優れたELおよびDOFを有する。
以下では、樹脂XAおよびフッ素原子を含有する樹脂XBの好適態様について詳述する。
樹脂XAは、露光時に光が保護膜を通してレジスト膜に到達するため、使用する露光光源に対して透明であることが好ましい。ArF液浸露光に使用する場合は、ArF光への透明性の点から上記樹脂は実質的に芳香族基を有さないことが好ましい。
樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率は0~5質量%であることが好ましく、0~2.5質量%がより好ましく、0質量%がさらに好ましい。樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率が上記範囲内であると、保護膜の表面にフッ素原子含有率のより高い後述の樹脂XBによる疎水膜が形成されやすくなるため、保護膜形成用組成物は、より優れた本発明の効果を有する。
ここで、樹脂XA中の側鎖部分が有するCH3部分構造(以下、単に「側鎖CH3部分構造」ともいう)は、エチル基、およびプロピル基等が有するCH3部分構造を包含するものである。
1価の有機基としては、例えば、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基、シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アルキルアミノカルボニル基、シクロアルキルアミノカルボニル基、およびアリールアミノカルボニル基などが挙げられ、これらの基は、さらに置換基を有していてもよい。
なお、酸の作用により分解してアルカリ可溶性基を生じる基とは、後述する感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物に含まれる樹脂が有することがある基である。
また、式(II)中、*は結合位置を示す。
1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する酸に安定な有機基は、CH3部分構造を2~10個有することが好ましく、3~8個有することがより好ましい。
シクロアルキル基としては、例えば、アダマンチル基、ノルアダマンチル基、デカリン残基、トリシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、ノルボルニル基、セドロール基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、シクロオクチル基、シクロデカニル基、およびシクロドデカニル基が好ましい。なかでも、アダマンチル基、ノルボルニル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロペンチル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、およびトリシクロデカニル基がより好ましく、ノルボルニル基、シクロペンチル基、およびシクロヘキシル基がさらに好ましい。
R2としては、1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有するシクロアルキル基が好ましい。1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する多環式シクロアルキル基がより好ましく、2つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する多環式シクロアルキル基がさらに好ましく、3つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する多環式シクロアルキル基がとくに好ましい。なかでも、3つ以上のアルキル基で置換された多環式シクロアルキル基が最も好ましい。
また、式(III)中、*は結合位置を表す。
炭素数3~20の分岐のアルキル基としては、例えば、イソプロピル基、イソブチル基、3-ペンチル基、2-メチル-3-ブチル基、3-ヘキシル基、2-メチル-3-ペンチル基、3-メチル-4-ヘキシル基、3,5-ジメチル-4-ペンチル基、イソオクチル基、2,4,4-トリメチルペンチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、2,6-ジメチルヘプチル基、1,5-ジメチル-3-ヘプチル基、および2,3,5,7-テトラメチル-4-ヘプチル基などが挙げられる。なかでも、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、2-メチル-3-ブチル基、2-メチル-3-ペンチル基、3-メチル-4-ヘキシル基、3,5-ジメチル-4-ペンチル基、2,4,4-トリメチルペンチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、2,6-ジメチルヘプチル基、1,5-ジメチル-3-ヘプチル基、および2,3,5,7-テトラメチル-4-ヘプチル基が好ましい。
式(C-I)~(C-V)中、R4~R7は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、フッ素原子、直鎖もしくは分岐の炭素数1~4のアルキル基、または直鎖もしくは分岐の炭素数1~4のフッ素化アルキル基を表す。
なお、R4~R7の少なくとも1つはフッ素原子を表す。また、R4およびR5、またはR6およびR7は環を形成していてもよい。
R32、およびR33は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、フッ素化アルキル基、またはフッ素化シクロアルキル基を表す。
ただし、R30、R31、R32、および、R33からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種は、少なくとも1つのフッ素原子を有する。
式(Ia)中、R1は、アルキル基を表し、炭素数3~10の直鎖、または分岐鎖状のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数3~10の分岐鎖状のアルキル基がより好ましい。
式(Ia)中、R2は、水素原子、またはアルキル基を表し、炭素数1~10の直鎖、または分岐鎖状のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数3~10の直鎖、または分岐鎖状のアルキル基がより好ましい。
繰り返し単位(a):フルオロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~4)を有する繰り返し単位。
繰り返し単位(c):分岐鎖状のアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、シクロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、分岐鎖状のアルケニル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、シクロアルケニル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、またはアリール基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)を有する繰り返し単位。
より好ましくは繰り返し単位(a)、および繰り返し単位(c)からなる共重合樹脂。
繰り返し単位(b):トリアルキルシリル基、または環状シロキサン構造を有する繰り返し単位。
繰り返し単位(c):分岐鎖状のアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、シクロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、分岐鎖状のアルケニル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、シクロアルケニル基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)、またはアリール基(好ましくは炭素数4~20)を有する繰り返し単位。
より好ましくは繰り返し単位(b)、および繰り返し単位(c)からなる共重合樹脂。
樹脂XAを10mg秤量し、アルミパンにセットする。その後、室温から1%分解温度より5℃低い温度まで、昇温速度10℃/minで昇温した後に、急冷し、再び10℃/minで昇温しDSC曲線を得る。得られたDSC曲線が屈曲する温度をガラス転移温度とする。なお、1%分解温度(℃)は、示差熱熱重量同時測定装置(TG/DTA:ThermoGravimetry/differential thermal analysis)を用いて、窒素雰囲気中で熱重量を測定した際の1%重量減少時の温度(1%重量減少温度)(℃)である。
・カラム:東ソー社製 KF-804L(3本)
・展開溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン(THF)
・カラム温度:40℃
・流速:1.0mL/min
・装置:東ソー社製 HLC-8220
・検量線:TSKスタンダードPStシリーズ
樹脂XBは、上述した樹脂XAと同様、ArF液浸露光に使用する場合は、ArF光への透明性の点から上記樹脂は芳香族基を有さないことが好ましい。
樹脂XBは、樹脂XAと同様、側鎖部分にCH3部分構造を含むことも好ましく、例えば、樹脂XAにおいて説明した式(II)で表される繰り返し単位、および、式(III)で表される繰り返し単位からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位(x)を含むことが好ましい。
樹脂XBにおけるフッ素原子の含有率は、樹脂XBの全質量に対し、15質量%以上であることが好ましく、15~80質量%がより好ましく、20~80質量%がさらに好ましく、25~80質量%がとくに好ましい。また、フッ素原子を含む繰り返し単位が、樹脂XB中10~100質量%であることが好ましく、30~100質量%であることがより好ましい。
上述のとおり、本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、後述する塩基性化合物と共に、フッ素原子の含有率が互いに異なる2種の樹脂XAおよび樹脂XBを含有する樹脂を用いることが好ましい。
ここで、樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率と、樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率との差は10質量%以上であることが好ましく、15質量%以上であることがより好ましく、18質量%以上であることがさらに好ましい。フッ素原子の含有率の差が上記範囲内であると、本発明の保護膜形成用組成物により形成した保護膜の表面がフッ素原子含有率のより高い樹脂XBにより形成される疎水膜で覆われやすく、保護膜は、水に対するより優れた後退接触角を有しやすい。これにより、スキャン露光時の液浸液の液残りによる欠陥の発生をより少なくすることができる。また、後述する塩基性化合物の保護膜からの揮発が抑制され、塩基性化合物がレジスト膜の未露光部へ効率よく移動するため、本発明の保護膜を積層したレジスト膜は、優れたELおよびDOFを有する。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、塩基性化合物(以下、「塩基性化合物XC」ともいう。)を含有する。
12.0.2.1076 (Cambridge corporation社)による算出値である。
塩基性化合物XCとして、含窒素複素環構造を有する化合物も適宜用いることができる。
塩基性化合物XCとして、フェノキシ基を有するアミン化合物も適宜用いることができる。
塩基性化合物XCとして、アンモニウム塩も適宜用いることができる。アンモニウム塩のアニオンとしては、例えば、ハライド、スルホネート、ボレート、およびフォスフェートが挙げられる。これらのうち、ハライド、およびスルホネートが好ましい。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、塩基性化合物XCとして、窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物(以下において、「低分子化合物(D)」または「化合物(D)」ともいう)を含有することができる。低分子化合物(D)は、酸の作用により脱離する基が脱離した後は、塩基性を有することが好ましい。
また、nは0~2の整数を表し、mは1~3の整数を表し、n+m=3である。
また、n=2のとき、2つのRaは同じでも異なっていてもよく、2つのRaは相互に結合して、2価の複素環式炭化水素基(好ましくは炭素数20以下)若しくはその誘導体を形成していてもよい。
(a)メタン、エタン、プロパン、ブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、ノナン、デカン、ウンデカン、および、ドデカン等の直鎖状アルキル基、ならびに、炭素数3~12の分岐鎖状アルキル基。
(a-1)(a)において例示した基の水素原子の少なくとも1つを、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、およびシクロヘキシル基等のシクロアルキル基で置換した基。
(b)シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、シクロヘプタン、シクロオクタン、ノルボルナン、アダマンタン、およびノラダマンタン等のシクロアルカンに由来する基、ならびにこれらのシクロアルカンに由来する基の水素原子の少なくとも1つを、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、2-メチルプロピル基、1-メチルプロピル基、およびt-ブチル基等の直鎖状、または分岐鎖状のアルキル基で置換した基。
(c)ベンゼン、ナフタレン、およびアントラセン等の芳香族化合物に由来する基、ならびにこれらの芳香族化合物に由来する基の水素原子の少なくとも1つを、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、2-メチルプロピル基、1-メチルプロピル基、およびt-ブチル基等の直鎖状、または分岐鎖状のアルキル基で置換した基。
(d)ピロリジン、ピペリジン、モルホリン、テトラヒドロフラン、テトラヒドロピラン、インドール、インドリン、キノリン、パーヒドロキノリン、インダゾール、およびベンズイミダゾール等の複素環式化合物に由来する基、ならびにこれらの複素環式化合物に由来する基の水素原子の少なくとも1つを、直鎖状、もしくは分岐鎖状のアルキル基、または芳香族化合物に由来する基で置換した基。
(e)直鎖状、もしくは分岐鎖状のアルカンに由来する基、シクロアルカンに由来する基、または、上記アルカンに由来する基もしくは上記シクロアルカンに由来する基の水素原子の少なくとも1つを、フェニル基、ナフチル基、およびアントラセニル基等の芳香族化合物に由来する基で置換した基。
(e-1)(e)における芳香族化合物に由来する基の水素原子の少なくとも1つが、ヒロドキシ基、シアノ基、アミノ基、ピロリジノ基、ピペリジノ基、モルホリノ基、およびオキソ基等の官能基でさらに置換された基。
上述したように、塩基性化合物XCとしては、塩基発生剤も含まれる。塩基発生剤としてはClogP値が1.30以下であることが好ましい。
保護膜形成用組成物における塩基性化合物XCの含有率は、保護膜組成物の全固形分を基準として、0.01~20質量%が好ましく、0.1~10質量%がより好ましく、0.3~5質量%がさらに好ましい。
なお、塩基性化合物XCは1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
レジスト膜を溶解せずに良好なパターンを形成するために、本発明における保護膜形成用組成物は、レジスト膜を溶解しない溶剤を含有することが好ましく、有機系現像液とは異なる成分の溶剤を用いることがより好ましい。
1000cP=1Pa・s。
アルコール系溶剤としては、塗布性の観点から、1価のアルコールが好ましく、より好ましくは、炭素数4~8の1価アルコールである。炭素数4~8の1価アルコールとしては、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、または環状のアルコールを用いることができるが、直鎖状、または分岐鎖状のアルコールが好ましい。このようなアルコール系溶剤としては、例えば、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、4-メチル-1-ペンタノール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール、イソブチルアルコール、tert-ブチルアルコール、1-ペンタノール、2-ペンタノール、1-ヘキサノール、1-ヘプタノール、1-オクタノール、2-ヘキサノール、2-ヘプタノール、2-オクタノール、3-ヘキサノール、3-ヘプタノール、3-オクタノール、および、4-オクタノールなどのアルコール;エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、およびトリエチレングリコールなどのグリコール;エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、およびメトキシメチルブタノールなどのグリコールエーテル;等を用いることができ、なかでも、アルコール、およびグリコールエーテルが好ましく、1-ブタノール、1-ヘキサノール、1-ペンタノール、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、4-メチル-1-ペンタノール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール、およびプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルがより好ましい。
エーテル系溶剤としては、上記グリコールエーテル系溶剤の他、例えば、ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフラン、イソアミルエーテル、およびジイソアミルエーテル等が挙げられる。エーテル系溶剤のなかでも、分岐構造を有するエーテル系溶剤がより好ましい。
エステル系溶剤としては、例えば、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸ブチル(酢酸n-ブチル)、酢酸ペンチル、酢酸ヘキシル、酢酸イソアミル、プロピオン酸ブチル(プロピオン酸n-ブチル)、酪酸ブチル、酪酸イソブチル、ブタン酸ブチル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、エチル-3-エトキシプロピオネート、3-メトキシブチルアセテート、3-メチル-3-メトキシブチルアセテート、蟻酸メチル、蟻酸エチル、蟻酸ブチル、蟻酸プロピル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、乳酸プロピル、2-ヒドロキシイソ酪酸メチル、2-ヒドロキシイソ酪酸メチル、イソ酪酸イソブチル、およびプロピオン酸ブチル等が挙げられる。エステル系溶剤のなかでも、分岐構造を有するエステル系溶剤が好ましい。
フッ素系溶剤としては、例えば、2,2,3,3,4,4-ヘキサフルオロ-1-ブタノール、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1-ペンタノール、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-デカフルオロ-1-ヘキサノール、2,2,3,3,4,4-ヘキサフルオロ-1,5-ペンタンジオール、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-オクタフルオロ-1,6-ヘキサンジオール、2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-ドデカフルオロ-1,8-オクタンジオール、2-フルオロアニソール、2,3-ジフルオロアニソール、パーフルオロヘキサン、パーフルオロヘプタン、パーフルオロ-2-ペンタノン、パーフルオロ-2-ブチルテトラヒドロフラン、パーフルオロテトラヒドロフラン、パーフルオロトリブチルアミン、およびパーフルオロテトラペンチルアミン等が挙げられ、この中でも、フッ化アルコール、およびフッ化炭化水素系溶剤を好適に用いることができる。
炭化水素系溶剤としては、例えば、トルエン、キシレン、およびアニソールなどの芳香族炭化水素系溶剤;n-ヘプタン、n-ノナン、n-オクタン、n-デカン、2-メチルヘプタン、3-メチルヘプタン、3,3-ジメチルヘキサン、および2,3,4-トリメチルペンタンなどの脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤;等が挙げられる。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物が含有する溶剤(XD)は、その過酸化物含有率が所定の許容値以下であることが好ましい。過酸化物含有率が所定の許容値以下の溶剤(XD)を用いることで、塩基性化合物、とくに窒素含有塩基性物質が窒素酸化物へ化学変化することを抑制することができる。その結果、本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、より優れた本発明の効果を有する。
上記以外の溶剤を混合する場合、その含有率は、保護膜形成用組成物が含有する全溶剤量に対して、0~30質量%が好ましく、0~20質量%がより好ましく、0~10質量%がさらに好ましい。上記以外の溶剤を混合することで、保護膜形成用組成物のレジスト膜に対する溶解性、保護膜形成用組成物中の樹脂の溶解性、およびレジスト膜からの溶出特性、などを適宜調整することができる。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は酸化防止剤を含有する。酸化防止剤とは、有機材料が酸素の存在下で酸化されることを防ぐためのものであり、本発明の保護膜形成用組成物においては、溶剤に含まれる過酸化物によって塩基性化合物が化学変化してしまうことを抑制する作用を有する。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、さらに界面活性剤を含有していてもよい。界面活性剤としてはとくに制限はなく、保護膜形成用組成物を均一に成膜することができ、かつ、溶剤(XD)に溶解することができれば、アニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、およびノニオン性界面活性剤のいずれも用いることができる。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法は、過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程と、溶剤、樹脂、塩基性化合物、および酸化防止剤を混合して、保護膜形成用組成物を調製する工程と、を有する。
上述の製造方法により製造した保護膜形成用組成物は、過酸化物含有率が許容値を満たすよう制御されている。そのため、所定期間保管した後でも、フォーカス余裕度および露光余裕度がより優れるパターン形成を行うことができる保護膜形成用組成物を得ることができる。以下では、各工程について詳述する。
本明細書において、準備とは、過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を調製することのほか、購入等により調達することも含む意味である。すなわち、過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を調製または購入等して、次の工程に使用できる状態にすることをいう。
なお、過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程は、(1)溶剤の過酸化物含有率を測定、または確認するステップと、(2)測定、または確認した過酸化物含有率を許容値と比較するステップと、を有する。さらに、(3)過酸化物含有率が許容値より大きい溶剤を希釈するステップをさらに有してもよい。
過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程は、(1)および(2)のステップを有していればよく、(3)および/またはその他のステップを有していてもよい。以下では、それぞれのステップについて詳述する。
溶剤の過酸化物含有率の測定は、上述のとおりの方法により行うことができる。保護膜形成用組成物をバッチ式で製造する場合は、測定は、保護膜形成用組成物の調製に供する溶剤について調製の都度行うことができる。また、保護膜形成用組成物を連続式で調製する場合は、例えば、連続的に供給される溶剤について連続的に測定を行うことができる。これらの測定方法は、単独で行っても、併用してもよい。
過酸化物含有率は測定以外の方法により確認してもよい。過酸化物含有率を確認する方法としては、例えば、溶剤が市販品である場合には、製造元から提供される情報等から取得する方法が挙げられる。
なお、複数の溶剤を併用する場合には、混合後の溶剤について過酸化物含有率の測定を行うことができる。また、混合前の溶剤について、それぞれ単独で過酸化物含有率を測定、または確認した後に、混合後の溶剤について過酸化物含有率を推定してもよい。推定の方法としては、例えば算術平均が挙げられる。
溶剤中の過酸化物含有率の許容値は、本発明の効果が得られる好ましい過酸化物含有率の値を用いることができる。具体的には、許容値としては、溶剤の過酸化物含有率が1mmol/L以下であることが好ましく、0.1mmol/L以下であることがより好ましい。下限は特に制限されないが、後述する検出限界との関係で、通常、0.01mmol/L以上である場合が多い。また、製造条件のばらつき等を考慮し、好ましい値に対して一定の余裕を持った値を許容値として設定することもできる。
測定、または確認された溶剤の過酸化物含有率と上述の許容値との比較は、両者の差を計算すること等によって行うことができる。
過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程は、さらに、過酸化物含有率が許容値より大きい溶剤を希釈するステップを有してもよい。希釈するステップにおいては、上述の許容値を満たすよう、溶剤を希釈する。希釈するための溶剤は、希釈対象とする溶剤と同種、または別種のものを使うことができる。また、希釈するための溶剤は1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。希釈は公知の方法により行うことができ、例えば、希釈対象とする溶剤に、希釈するための溶剤を加え攪拌することによって行うことができる。
希釈後の溶剤は、後述する保護膜形成用組成物を調製する工程に供することができる。また、希釈後の溶剤は、上述の(1)および(2)に供し、再び、過酸化物含有率を測定、または確認し、許容値と比較してもよい。なお、再び、過酸化物含有率を測定、または確認した結果、依然として許容値より大きい場合には、再度(3)過酸化物含有率が許容値より大きい溶剤を希釈するステップを行ってもよい。すなわち、上述の(1)、(2)および(3)は、複数回繰り返されてもよい。
本工程により、過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤が保護膜形成用組成物の調製に供されることとなる。そのため、調製される保護膜形成用組成物の過酸化物含有率は所定値に制御され、所定期間保管した後でも、フォーカス余裕度および露光余裕度に優れるパターン形成を行うことができる保護膜形成用組成物を得ることができる。
本工程においては、溶剤、樹脂、塩基性化合物、酸化防止剤、およびその他成分を溶解する順番、方法などは適宜選択すればよい。溶解の方法としては、例えば、溶剤に、所望の材料を投入し、攪拌することにより行うことができ、公知の方法を用いることができる。溶解は、大気環境下で行ってもよく、窒素ガスなどの不活性ガス雰囲気下で行ってもよい。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法は、その他の工程を有していてもよい。なかでも、上述した各成分を溶剤に溶解した後、得られた混合物をフィルター濾過する工程を有することが好ましい。フィルターとしては、ポアサイズ0.1μm以下、より好ましくは0.05μm以下、さらに好ましくは0.03μm以下のポリテトラフロロエチレン製、ポリエチレン製、または、ナイロン製のものが好ましい。なお、フィルターは、複数種類を直列または並列に接続して用いてもよい。また、保護膜形成用組成物を複数回濾過してもよく、複数回の濾過を循環濾過により行ってもよい。さらに、フィルター濾過の前後で、保護膜形成用組成物に対して脱気処理などを行ってもよい。本発明の保護膜形成用組成物は、金属等の不純物(固体状の金属および金属イオン;金属不純物)を含まないことが好ましい。金属不純物成分としては、例えば、Na、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Al、Cr、Ni、Zn、Ag、Sn、Pb、およびLiが挙げられる。保護膜形成用組成物に含まれる不純物の合計含有率としては、1ppm以下が好ましく、10ppb以下がより好ましく、100ppt以下が更に好ましく、10ppt以下が特に好ましく、1ppt以下が最も好ましい。
本発明のパターン形成方法は、感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて、基板上に感活性光線性または感放射線性膜を形成する工程aと、保護膜形成用組成物を用いて、上記感活性光線性または感放射線性膜上に保護膜を形成する工程bと、上記感活性光線性または感放射線性膜と保護膜を含む積層膜に対して露光を行う工程cと、露光された上記積層膜に対して、現像液を用いて現像する工程dとを含む。
工程aでは、感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて、基板上に感活性光線性、または感放射線性膜を形成する。
本発明のパターン形成方法に用いられる感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物としてはとくに制限されない。感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物の具体例を以下に詳述する。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物は、典型的には、酸の作用により極性が増大して有機溶剤を含む現像液に対する溶解度が減少する樹脂を含有する。
アルキル基またはアルケニル基を表す。
一般式(pI)~(pV)中、
R11は、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基またはsec-ブチル基を表し、Zは、炭素原子とともにシクロアルキル基を形成するのに必要な原子群を表す。
(i-1):上記酸脱離性基aの炭素数の最大値が4であり、保護率が70モル%以下である樹脂
(ii-1):上記酸脱離性基aの炭素数の最大値が5であり、保護率が60モル%以下である樹脂
(iii-1):上記酸脱離性基aの炭素数の最大値が6であり、保護率が47モル%以下である樹脂
(iv-1):上記酸脱離性基aの炭素数の最大値が7であり、保護率が45モル%以下である樹脂
ただし、保護率は、上記樹脂に含まれる全ての酸分解性繰り返し単位の合計の、全繰り返し単位に占める割合を意味する。
また、上記酸脱離性基aの炭素数とは、脱離基に含まれる炭素の数を意味する。
これにより、レジスト膜のシュリンク量の低減、並びに、フォーカス余裕度(DOF:Depth Of Focus)の拡大とラインエッジラフネス(LER)の低減とを実現できる。
ラクトン構造部分またはスルトン構造部分は、置換基(Rb2)を有していても有していなくてもよい。好ましい置換基(Rb2)としては、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数4~7のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1~8のアルコキシ基、炭素数2~8のアルコキシカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、シアノ基、および酸分解性基などが挙げられる。より好ましくは炭素数1~4のアルキル基、シアノ基、または酸分解性基である。n2は、0~4の整数を表す。n2が2以上の時、複数存在する置換基(Rb2)は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、また、複数存在する置換基(Rb2)同士が結合して環を形成してもよい。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物は、典型的には、活性光線または放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物(「光酸発生剤」ともいう)を含有する。
(カチオン)
一般式(3)中、X+は、カチオンを表す。
X+は、カチオンであれば特に制限されないが、好適な態様としては、例えば、後述する式(ZI)または(ZII)中のカチオン(Z-以外の部分)が挙げられる。
(好適な態様)
特定酸発生剤の好適な態様としては、例えば、下記一般式(ZI)または(ZII)で表される化合物が挙げられる。
式(ZI-3)中、
R1c~R5cは、各々独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、シクロアルキルカルボニルオキシ基、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、ニトロ基、アルキルチオ基またはアリールチオ基を表す。
式(ZI-4)中、
R13は水素原子、フッ素原子、水酸基、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、またはシクロアルキル基を有する基を表す。これらの基は置換基を有してもよい。
一態様において、酸発生剤は、分子量が870以下であることが好ましく、800以下であることがより好ましく、700以下であることが更に好ましく、600以下であることが特に好ましい。これにより、DOFおよびLERが改善する。
なお、本発明において、活性光線または放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物がその分子量に分布を有する場合、重量平均分子量の値を分子量の基準として扱う。
上記各成分を溶解させて感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物を調製する際に使用することができる溶剤としては、例えば、アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルカルボキシレート、アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸アルキルエステル、アルコキシプロピオン酸アルキル、炭素数4~10の環状ラクトン、炭素数4~10の、環を含有していてもよいモノケトン化合物、アルキレンカーボネート、アルコキシ酢酸アルキル、およびピルビン酸アルキル等の有機溶剤を挙げることができる。
上記溶剤を単独で使用してもよいし、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
有機溶剤として構造中に水酸基を含有する溶剤と、水酸基を含有しない溶剤とを混合した混合溶剤を使用してもよい。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物は、露光から加熱までの経時による性能変化を低減するために、塩基性化合物を含有することが好ましい。
式(A)~(E)中、
R200、R201およびR202は、同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、アルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~20)、シクロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数3~20)またはアリール基(炭素数6~20)を表し、ここで、R201とR202は、互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。
塩基性化合物の使用量は、感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物の固形分を基準として、通常、0.001~10質量%、好ましくは0.01~5質量%である。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物は、疎水性樹脂(E)を含有してもよい。疎水性樹脂としては、例えば、保護膜形成用組成物が含有する上述した樹脂(XB)を好適に使用できる。また、例えば、特開2014-149409号公報の段落[0389]~[0474]に記載された「[4]疎水性樹脂(D)」等も好適に挙げられる。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物は、さらに(F)界面活性剤を含有することが好ましく、フッ素系および/またはシリコン系界面活性剤(フッ素系界面活性剤、シリコン系界面活性剤、フッ素原子と珪素原子の両方を有する界面活性剤)のいずれか、あるいは2種以上を含有することがより好ましい。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物は、(G)カルボン酸オニウム塩を含有してもよい。カルボン酸オニウム塩としては、カルボン酸スルホニウム塩、カルボン酸ヨードニウム塩、およびカルボン酸アンモニウム塩などを挙げることができる。特に、(G)カルボン酸オニウム塩としては、ヨードニウム塩、スルホニウム塩が好ましい。さらに、(G)カルボン酸オニウム塩のカルボキシレート残基が芳香族基、炭素-炭素2重結合を含有しないことが好ましい。特に好ましいアニオン部としては、炭素数1~30の、直鎖、分岐または環状(単環または多環)のアルキルカルボン酸アニオンが好ましい。さらに好ましくはこれらのアルキル基の一部または全てがフッ素置換されたカルボン酸のアニオンが好ましい。アルキル鎖中に酸素原子を含んでいてもよい。これにより220nm以下の光に対する透明性が確保され、感度、解像力が向上し、疎密依存性、露光マージンが改良される。
感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じてさらに染料、可塑剤、光増感剤、光吸収剤、アルカリ可溶性樹脂、溶解阻止剤および現像液に対する溶解性を促進させる化合物(例えば、分子量1000以下のフェノール化合物、カルボキシル基を有する脂環族、または脂肪族化合物)等を含有させることができる。
工程bでは、工程aで形成した感活性光線性または感放射線性膜上に、保護膜形成用組成物(トップコート組成物)を用いて保護膜を形成する。保護膜を形成する方法としては、例えば、保護膜形成用組成物を感活性光線性または感放射線性膜上に塗布する方法が挙げられる。塗布方法としては、とくに限定されず、上述した感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物の塗布方法と同様の方法が挙げられる。
保護膜の屈折率は、解像性の観点から、レジスト膜の屈折率に近いことが好ましい。
保護膜は液浸液に不溶であることが好ましく、水に不溶であることがより好ましい。
工程cでは、レジスト膜と、その上に形成された保護膜とを含む積層膜に対して露光を行う。工程cにおける露光は、公知の方法により行うことができ、例えば、積層膜に対して、所定のマスクを通して、活性光線、または放射線を照射する。このとき、好ましくは、活性光線、または放射線を、液浸液を介して照射するが、これに限定されるものではない。露光量は適宜設定できるが、通常1~100mJ/cm2である。
工程dにおいて、現像液を用いて現像することにより、パターンを形成する。工程dは、レジスト膜の可溶部分を同時に除去する工程であることが好ましい。
現像液としては、有機溶剤を含む現像液、および、アルカリ現像液のいずれも用いることができる。
アルカリ現像液のアルカリ濃度は、通常0.01~20質量%である。
アルカリ現像液を用いて現像を行う時間は、通常10~300秒である。
アルカリ現像液のアルカリ濃度(およびpH)、および現像時間は、形成するパターンに応じて、適宜調整することができる。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物には、静電気の帯電、引き続き生じる静電気放電に伴う薬液配管や各種パーツ(フィルター、O-リング、チューブなど)の故障を防止する為、導電性の化合物を添加しても良い。導電性の化合物としては特に制限されないが、例えば、メタノールが挙げられる。添加量は特に制限されないが、10質量%以下が好ましく、更に好ましくは、5質量%以下である。薬液配管の部材に関しては、SUS(ステンレス鋼)、或いは帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、またはフッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、パーフロオロアルコキシ樹脂など)で被膜された各種配管を用いることができる。フィルターやO-リングに関しても同様に、帯電防止処理の施されたポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、またはフッ素樹脂(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、パーフロオロアルコキシ樹脂など)を用いることができる。
配管に通す溶剤としては、レジストを溶解し得るものであれば特に限定されず、例えば上述した有機溶媒が挙げられ、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルプロピオネート、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルプロピオネート、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME)、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、2-ヘプタノン、乳酸エチル、1-プロパノール、アセトン、等を用いることができる。中でも好ましくは、PGMEA,PGME,シクロヘキサノンを用いることができる。
本発明の保護膜形成用組成物、および、本発明のパターン形成方法において使用される各種材料(例えば、感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物、レジスト溶剤、現像液、リンス液、反射防止膜形成用組成物など)は、金属等の不純物(固体状の金属および金属イオン)を含まないことが好ましい。金属不純物成分としては、例えば、Na、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Al、Cr、Ni、Zn、Ag、Sn、Pb、およびLiを挙げることができる。これら材料に含まれる不純物の合計含有率としては、1ppm以下が好ましく、10ppb以下がより好ましく、100ppt以下が更に好ましく、10ppt以下が特に好ましく、1ppt以下が最も好ましい。
上記各種材料に含まれる金属等の不純物を低減するためには、製造工程における金属不純物の混入を防止することが必要である。製造装置から金属不純物が十分に除去されたかどうかは、製造装置の洗浄に使用された洗浄液中に含まれる金属成分の含有率を測定することで確認することができる。使用後の洗浄液に含まれる金属成分の含有率は、100ppt(parts per trillion)以下がより好ましく、10ppt以下が更に好ましく、1ppt以下が特に好ましい。
本発明は、上述した本発明のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法にも関する。
〔合成例1:樹脂X-1の合成〕
窒素気流下、シクロヘキサノン26.1gを3つ口フラスコに入れ、これを85℃に加熱した。これに下記構造式XM-2で表されるモノマー10.67g、下記構造式XM-3で表されるモノマー10.71g、下記構造式XM-8で表されるモノマー3.03g、および、重合開始剤V-601(和光純薬製工業(株)、0.553g)をシクロヘキサノン47.6gに溶解させた溶液を6時間かけて滴下して反応液を得た。滴下終了後、さらに反応液を85℃で2時間反応させた。反応液を放冷後、反応液をメタノール1140gに20分かけて滴下し、析出した粉体をろ取して、乾燥すると、下記に示す樹脂X-1(20.9g)が得られた。得られた樹脂X-1の重量平均分子量は標準ポリスチレン換算で8000、分散度(Mw/Mn)は1.69であった。13C-NMRにより測定した繰り返し単位の組成比は、以下の式中の左から順にモル比で40/30/30であった。
表1において、樹脂X-1~X-27は、それぞれ、モノマーXM-1~XM-26のいずれかに対応する繰り返し単位を、表1に記載のモル比で有する樹脂である。
式(1):[(各モノマー中のフッ素原子数×フッ素原子の原子量)/モノマーの分子量]×100
・樹脂中のフッ素原子の含有率RF(質量%)
式(2):Σ(各モノマーの分子量×各モノマー中のフッ素原子の含有率MF×各モノマーの組成比)/Σ(各モノマーの分子量×各モノマーの組成比)
<過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程>
(溶剤の過酸化物含有率を測定、または確認するステップ)
200ml共栓付フラスコに表2に示す各溶剤(混合溶剤である場合は混合後の溶剤)10mlを精密に採取し、酢酸:クロロホルム溶液(3:2)25mlを加えた。得られた混合液に飽和ヨウ化カリウム溶液を1ml加えて混ぜた後、暗所に10分間放置した。これに蒸留水30mlとでんぷん溶液1mlを加え、0.01Nチオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液で無色になるまで滴定した。次に各溶剤を加えない状態で上記操作を行って空試験とした。過酸化物含有率は下記式に基づいて算出した。
過酸化物含有率(mmol/L)=(A-B)×F/試料量(ml)×100÷2
A:滴定に要した0.01Nチオ硫酸ナトリウムの消費量(ml)
B:空試験の滴定に要した0.01Nチオ硫酸ナトリウムの消費量(ml)
F:0.01Nチオ硫酸ナトリウムの力価
なお、本分析法による過酸化物の検出限界は0.01mmol/Lである。
上記により得られた溶剤の過酸化物含有率は、0.01~0.09mmol/Lであった。
過酸化物含有率の許容値を、0.1mmol/Lと定め、比較するステップを実施した。表2に示したいずれの溶剤の過酸化物含有率も許容値以下であることを確認した。
表2に示す各溶剤に、同じく表2に示す各成分を溶解し、固形分濃度3.0質量%の溶液を調製し、これを0.04μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、保護膜形成用組成物T-1~T-32、TC-1~TC-5、およびTR-1~TR-5を調製した。下記の表2中、化合物および界面活性剤の含有率(質量%)は、保護膜形成用組成物の全固形分を基準とするものである。
なお、保護膜形成用組成物T-1~T-32における各酸化防止剤の含有率は、保護膜形成用組成物の全固形分を基準として、300質量ppmであった。
また、T-30~T-32については、併用する酸化防止剤の合計量が上記濃度であり、それぞれの混合比は質量基準で2,6-ジ-t-ブチルパラクレゾール/t-ブチルハイドロキノン=1/1である。
塩基性化合物XCとして下記を用いた。
界面活性剤として下記を用いた。
W-1:PF6320(OMNOVA社製;フッ素系)
W-2:トロイゾルS-366(トロイケミカル(株)製;シリコン系)
W-3:ポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341(信越化学工業(株)製、シリコン系)
〔合成例2:樹脂(1)の合成〕
シクロヘキサノン102.3質量部を窒素気流下、80℃に加熱した。この液を攪拌しながら、下記構造式LM-2で表されるモノマー22.2質量部、下記構造式PM-1で表されるモノマー22.8質量部、下記構造式PM-9で表されるモノマー6.6質量部、シクロヘキサノン189.9質量部、および、2,2’-アゾビスイソ酪酸ジメチル〔V-601、和光純薬工業(株)製〕2.40質量部の混合液を5時間かけて滴下し、反応液を得た。滴下終了後、反応液を80℃でさらに2時間攪拌した。反応液を放冷後、反応液を用いて多量のヘキサン/酢酸エチル(質量比9:1)で再沈殿し、析出した固形分をろ過により回収し、得られた固体を真空乾燥することで、酸分解性樹脂として樹脂(1)を41.1質量部得た。
得られた樹脂(1)のGPC(Gel Permeation Chromatography)(キャリア:テトラヒドロフラン)から求めた重量平均分子量(Mw:ポリスチレン換算)は、Mw=9500、分散度はMw/Mn=1.62であった。13C-NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)により測定した組成比はモル比で40/50/10であった。
・カラム:東ソー社製 KF-804L(3本)
・展開溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン(THF)
・カラム温度:40℃
・流速:1.0mL/min
・装置:東ソー社製 HLC-8220
・検量線:TSKスタンダードPStシリーズ
<樹脂(2)~(13)の合成)>
合成例1と同様の操作を行い、酸分解性樹脂として後掲の樹脂(2)~(13)を合成した。
下記表4に示す成分を同表に示す溶剤に溶解させ、固形分濃度3.5質量%の溶液を調製し、これを0.03μmのポアサイズを有するポリエチレンフィルターでろ過して、レジスト組成物Re-1~16を調製した。
<光酸発生剤>
光酸発生剤として、以下の化合物を用いた。
塩基性化合物として、以下の化合物を用いた。
疎水性樹脂として、以下の樹脂を用いた。各繰り返し単位の組成比、重量平均分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)と共に示す。これらは上述したレジスト組成物における樹脂(1)と同様の方法により求めた。
界面活性剤として下記を用いた。
W-1:PF6320(OMNOVA社製;フッ素系)
W-2:トロイゾルS-366(トロイケミカル(株)製;シリコン系)
W-3:ポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341(信越化学工業(株)製、シリコン系)
溶剤として下記を用いた。
SL-1:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)
SL-2:シクロヘキサノン
SL-3:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME)
SL-4:γ-ブチロラクトン
SL-5:プロピレンカーボネート
SL-6:2-エチルブタノール
SL-7:パーフルオロブチルテトラヒドロフラン
上記のレジスト組成物および保護膜形成用組成物を用いて下記の方法により積層膜を形成し、各種評価を行った。実施例1~32、比較例1~5、および参考例1~5の各積層膜の形成に用いたレジスト組成物、および保護膜形成用組成物、現像に用いた有機系現像液、ならびにリンスに用いたリンス液を表5に示した。
〔後退接触角〕
上記で調製した保護膜形成用組成物により保護膜を形成した場合における、保護膜の水に対する後退接触角を、下記方法により測定した。
上記で調製したレジスト組成物および保護膜形成用組成物を用いて、積層膜を形成した。上記積層膜に対し、下記の方法によりパターンを形成し、下記の方法で評価を行った。
〔ホールパターンの形成〕
シリコンウエハ上に有機反射防止膜形成用組成物ARC29SR(Brewer社製)を塗布し、205℃で60秒間ベークを行い膜厚86nmの反射防止膜を形成した。得られた反射防止膜上に、下記表5に示すレジスト組成物を塗布し、レジスト組成物が塗布されたシリコンウエハを100℃で60秒間に亘ってベークし、同表に記載の膜厚を有するレジスト膜を形成した。
上記(ホールパターンの形成)の露光および現像条件において孔径50nmのホールパターンを形成する露光量において、フォーカス方向に20nm刻みで、露光フォーカスの条件を変更して露光および現像を行った。得られる各パターンのホール径(CD)を線幅測長走査型電子顕微鏡((株)日立製作所S-9380)を使用して測定し、上記の各CDをプロットして得られる曲線の極小値または極大値に対応するフォーカスをベストフォーカスとした。このベストフォーカスを中心にフォーカスを変化させた際に、ホール径が50nm±10%を許容するフォーカスの変動幅、すなわち、フォーカス余裕度(DOF、単位:nm)を算出した。値が大きいほど良好な性能であることを示す。結果を下記表5に示した。
測長走査型電子顕微鏡((株)日立製作所S-9380II)によりホールサイズを観察し、ホール部分が平均50nmのコンタクトホールパターンを解像する時の最適露光量を感度(Eopt)(mJ/cm2)とした。求めた最適露光量(Eopt)を基準とし、次いでホールサイズが目的の値である50nmの±10%(即ち、45nmおよび55nm)となるときの露光量を求めた。そして、次式で定義される露光ラチチュード(EL、単位:%)を算出した。ELの値が大きいほど、露光量変化による性能変化が小さく、良好である。結果を下記表5に示した。
また、樹脂XBの含有率が、保護膜形成用組成物の全固形分に対して20質量%以下である実施例16、26、および27は、実施例28の保護膜形成用組成物よりも、それぞれ、より優れた本発明の効果を有していた。
また、樹脂XA中のフッ素原子含有率が0~5質量%である、実施例16の保護膜形成用組成物は、実施例30の保護膜形成用組成物よりも、より優れた本発明の効果を有していた。
また、樹脂XB中のフッ素原子含有率が15質量%以上である実施例16の保護膜形成用組成物は、実施例31の保護膜形成用組成物よりも、より優れた本発明の効果を有していた。
また、溶剤が第2級アルコールと、エーテル溶剤と、を含有する実施例32の保護膜形成用組成物は、実施例7の保護膜形成用組成物よりも、より優れた本発明の効果を有していた。
また、樹脂XAがフッ素原子を含有しない樹脂である、実施例3の保護膜形成用組成物は、実施例10の保護膜形成用組成物よりも、より優れた本発明の効果を有していた。
Claims (14)
- 樹脂と、塩基性化合物と、溶剤と、酸化防止剤と、を含有する保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記樹脂が、樹脂XAと、フッ素原子を含有する樹脂XBと、を含有し、
前記樹脂XAは、フッ素原子を含有しない樹脂であるか、フッ素原子を含有する場合には、質量基準によるフッ素原子の含有率が前記樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率よりも低い樹脂である、請求項1に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。 - 前記樹脂XBの含有率が、前記保護膜形成用組成物の全固形分に対して20質量%以下である、請求項2に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記溶剤が、第2級アルコールを含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率が0~5質量%である、請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率が15質量%以上である、請求項2~5のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記溶剤が第2級アルコールと、エーテル系溶剤と、を含有する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記樹脂XA中のフッ素原子の含有率と、前記樹脂XB中のフッ素原子の含有率との差が10質量%以上である、請求項2~7のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記樹脂XAがフッ素原子を含有しない樹脂である、請求項2~8のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 前記塩基性化合物が、アミン化合物、および、アミド化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物。
- 過酸化物含有率が許容値以下である溶剤を準備する工程と、
前記溶剤、樹脂、塩基性化合物、および、酸化防止剤を混合して、保護膜形成用組成物を調製する工程とを有する、保護膜形成用組成物の製造方法。 - 感活性光線性または感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて、基板上に感活性光線性または感放射線性膜を形成する工程と、
請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の保護膜形成用組成物を用いて、前記感活性光線性または感放射線性膜上に保護膜を形成する工程と、
前記感活性光線性または感放射線性膜と前記保護膜を含む積層膜を露光する工程と、
露光された前記積層膜に対して、現像液を用いて現像を行う工程と、
を含み、
前記保護膜形成用組成物は、樹脂と、塩基性化合物と、溶剤と、酸化防止剤と、を含有する、パターン形成方法。 - 前記露光が液浸露光である、請求項12に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 請求項12または13に記載のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
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