WO2017161802A1 - 摇臂式双缸打抽气机 - Google Patents

摇臂式双缸打抽气机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017161802A1
WO2017161802A1 PCT/CN2016/095925 CN2016095925W WO2017161802A1 WO 2017161802 A1 WO2017161802 A1 WO 2017161802A1 CN 2016095925 W CN2016095925 W CN 2016095925W WO 2017161802 A1 WO2017161802 A1 WO 2017161802A1
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Prior art keywords
stage
air
cylinder
piston
chamber
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PCT/CN2016/095925
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王佐良
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王佐良
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Publication of WO2017161802A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017161802A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04B25/005—Multi-stage pumps with two cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B33/00—Pumps actuated by muscle power, e.g. for inflating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/14—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F04B39/0022—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/122—Cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rocker type double-cylinder air extracting machine, which has the functions of high-pressure airing and vacuum pumping, and can be used for vacuum moisture-proof and moisture-proof of household clothes, bedding and the like, and can also be used for various types of vehicle tires.
  • the high-pressure air pump has the characteristics of stable structure, long service life, low failure rate, high air pressure, scientific design, labor-saving and reliability, beautiful appearance and strong practicability. It belongs to the technical field of air compressors.
  • inflators such as single cylinder, double cylinder, down pressure type, pedal type, one-stage compression and three-stage compression.
  • air pump technologies are mature and can basically meet daily needs.
  • the existing three-stage compression high-pressure pump adopts an integrated sleeve type single cylinder and an O-ring piston, and has the advantages of simple structure and low processing difficulty.
  • the failure rate is high.
  • the design and use of the O-ring it has the problems of high processing requirements and easy damage during work.
  • Existing high-pressure pump When the piston compresses air, the O-ring needs to closely cooperate with the cylinder wall to seal the air.
  • the cylinder When the cylinder is inhaled, it must expand the gap with the cylinder wall by displacement and contraction deformation, so that air enters the cylinder from the gap. This kind of displacement and change
  • the unstable design of the shape will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in friction.
  • the cylinder must be thin and long, so that the friction distance of the O-ring is also very long, and such friction not only generates a large amount of heat,
  • the wear of the O-ring is also very large, especially when the temperature of the air is increased at the same time in the third-stage compression, so that the working temperature of the O-ring is very high, the volume is small, the temperature is high, and the wear is large, which inevitably causes the O-ring to be easily damaged.
  • the second is laborious.
  • the earliest pump was a single-tube down-press design. This is a conventional design and a very simple design, but the disadvantage is that it is very laborious. Later, by increasing the high-pressure tank, the labor-saving purpose was achieved.
  • the existing three-stage compression pump still adopts this conventional design, and the multiplication of the air pressure will inevitably cause the force of the pressing and lifting of the piston to be multiplied, in order to make it easier for a single person to complete. In such a pumping process, the existing three-stage compression pump has to reduce the diameter of the cylinder as much as possible, which brings about the problem that the amount of intake air per blow is small and the pumping speed is slow.
  • the invention aims to change the conventional single-cylinder pressing structure design of the conventional pump, overcomes the above shortcomings, and proposes a new high-pressure pumping and pumping integration with low labor, durability, low failure rate and simultaneous pumping function. machine.
  • the piston of the pumping machine adopts a sealed ring design, and the piston is only responsible for changing the volume of the air chamber by reciprocating motion, and the air cylinder is matched with the cylinder wall, and the air chamber passes through the independent
  • the air passage and the air valve complete the suction and exhaust
  • the air pump is a high pressure tank in the center of a base, and left and right cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the high pressure tank, and a rocker arm is arranged above the high pressure tank
  • the rocker arm is a seesaw structure, and the bottom center is axially fixed above the high pressure tank, and the rocker arm
  • the left side is the left link, the right side is the right link, the left link is connected to the left cylinder, and the right link is connected to the right cylinder
  • the pumping machine is a first-stage compression pump, when the left cylinder is up Inhalation during exercise, the external air enters the first-stage air inlet provided in the base through the first-stage intake valve
  • the air in the first-stage air chamber is compressed, enters the first-stage air outlet which is also disposed in the first-stage piston rod and in the base, enters the first-stage high-pressure chamber through the first-stage air outlet valve, and the right cylinder working mechanism and the left
  • the cylinder is the same;
  • the pumping machine is a two-stage compression pumping machine, the cylinder ports of the left cylinder and the right cylinder are closed as a two-stage piston, and a secondary air chamber is formed between the second-stage piston and the first-stage piston, one level
  • the piston rod has a secondary air inlet, a secondary air outlet, a secondary air inlet, a secondary air outlet and a secondary air chamber, and an air inlet and an air outlet are located at the upper end of the first piston rod, and the first piston Below, the high pressure tank is divided into 1 first stage high pressure chamber and 1 second high pressure chamber by 1 partition.
  • the air pump is a three-stage compression air pump.
  • the first-stage piston rod is a hollow tube, forming a three-stage air chamber.
  • the third-stage piston is in the hollow tube of the first-stage piston rod, and the third-stage air chamber has three-stage inlet on the bottom.
  • the third-stage air outlet, the first-stage piston rod has a first-stage air inlet, a first-stage air outlet, a second-stage air inlet, a second-stage air outlet, a secondary air inlet, a second air outlet and two
  • the air inlet and outlet of the stage air chamber are located at the upper end of the first piston rod and below the first stage piston.
  • the high pressure tank is divided into two first stage high pressure chambers, one second stage high pressure chamber and one unit by two partitions. Three-stage high-pressure chamber, when the left cylinder moves upward, it drives the three-stage piston to move upwards.
  • Compressed air inlet valve in the three positions, three three inlet into the gas chamber, when the downward movement of the left cylinder, tris
  • the piston moves downward, the air in the three-stage air chamber is compressed, and enters the three-stage high-pressure chamber through the three-stage air outlet and the three-stage air outlet valve.
  • the working mechanism of the right cylinder is the same as that of the left cylinder; the air pump is four-stage.
  • the piston rod of the three-stage piston is a hollow tube, forming a four-stage air chamber, the three-stage gas chamber has four-stage piston, and the high-pressure tank has four-stage high-pressure chamber;
  • the pumping machine is five-stage Compressed air pump,
  • the piston rod of the four-stage piston is a hollow tube, forming a five-stage air chamber, the four-stage air chamber has five-stage piston, and the high-pressure tank has five-stage high-pressure chamber;
  • the left cylinder and the right cylinder are two
  • the air inlets of the cylinders are combined to form an air inlet nozzle, and the air suction hose is connected to the air inlet nozzle as a vacuum air extractor;
  • the air valve is uniformly installed on the upper surface of the base, except for two external parts.
  • the first-stage intake valve is installed outside the outer side of the high-pressure tank, and the other gas valves are all installed in the corresponding high-pressure chambers inside the high-pressure tank; the base and the first-stage piston rod adopt 3D printing technology for integrated printing. Is a separate component; the first stage piston rod is hollow In addition to wall 4 airway, the hollow structure of the rest of the print, the print is a hollow base structure, a hollow structure which communicate with each other by filling a hollow structure in the cooling liquid to reduce the temperature in the cylinder.
  • the invention aims to design a high-pressure air pumping and air-integrating machine which is labor-saving, durable, low in failure rate, and can simultaneously take into consideration the pumping function.
  • the present invention adopts the principle of leverage, and changes the existing down pumping mode of the inflator, adopting the left and right rocker type structure; in order to achieve the purpose of durability and low failure rate, the invention eliminates the use of the existing pump.
  • the O-ring of the engine draws on the piston structure of the engine cylinder and adopts a sealed piston to complete the suction and exhaust of the cylinder through independent air passages and air valves.
  • This piston structure has mature technology, stable performance and high reliability.
  • the structure of the invention can be used for designing first- and second-stage compression inflators, and also for designing three or more stages. Compressed pump.
  • Figure 1 is a southeast isometric view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a northwest isometric view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first stage compressed air extractor of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-stage compression blower of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-stage compression pumping machine of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a view showing the internal structure of a three-stage compression blower of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a bottom air passage view of the three-stage compression blower of the present invention.
  • 1 is the air inlet nozzle
  • 2 is the filter box
  • 3 is the high pressure tank
  • 4 is the left cylinder
  • 5 is the right cylinder
  • 6 is the rocker arm
  • 7 is the rocker
  • 8 is the left link
  • 9 is the right link.
  • Rod, 10 is a barometer, 11 is a high pressure nozzle, 12 is a base, 13 is a base, 14 is a foot pedal, 15 is a first stage piston rod, 16 is a first stage piston, 17 is a first stage air chamber, 18 is The first stage intake valve, 19 is the first stage intake port, 20 is the first stage air outlet, 21 is the first stage outlet valve, 22 is the first stage high pressure chamber, 23 is the secondary stage piston, 24 is the secondary air chamber, 25 is The secondary intake valve, 26 is the secondary inlet, 27 is the secondary air outlet, 28 is the secondary air outlet, 29 is the secondary high pressure chamber, 30 is the third stage piston, 31 is the third stage air chamber, 32 is The three-stage intake valve, 33 is a three-stage intake port, 34 is a three-stage air outlet, 35 is a three-stage air outlet valve, 36 is a three-stage high-pressure chamber, and 37 is an outer air passage.
  • the three-stage compression pumping machine of the present invention is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a southeast isometric view of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a northwest isometric view of the present invention, which is an external view of the present invention at two angles.
  • 1 is the air inlet nozzle
  • 2 is the filter box
  • 3 is the high pressure tank
  • 4 is the left cylinder
  • 5 is the right cylinder
  • 6 is the rocker arm
  • 7 is the rocker
  • 8 is the left link
  • 9 is the right link.
  • the rod, 10 is a barometer
  • 11 is a high pressure nozzle
  • 12 is a base
  • 13 is a base
  • 14 is a foot pedal.
  • FIG. 1 shows the full length state; in order to further see the appearance of the main body of the air extractor, the rocker 7 in Fig. 2 is broken, Shorten the height of the air extractor and enlarge the appearance of the main body of the air extractor.
  • a high pressure tank 3 is provided in the center of a pedestal 11.
  • a left cylinder 4 and a right cylinder 5 are symmetrically disposed, and a rocker arm 6 is arranged above the high pressure tank 3.
  • the rocker arm 6 is a seesaw structure, the bottom center is axially fixed above the high pressure tank 3, the left side of the rocker arm 6 is the left link 8, the right side is the right link 9, the left link 8 is connected to the left cylinder 4, and the right link 9 is connected with the right cylinder 5, and the rocker 7 is above the center of the rocker arm 6.
  • the rocker 7 is connected with the rocker arm 6 through a sleeve to facilitate the removal and volume storage, and the user shakes the rocker 7 by the rocker 7
  • the left cylinder 4 and the right cylinder 5 alternately draw in air from the outside, and are compressed by the piston and alternately enter the high pressure tank 3.
  • the rocker arm 6 of the present invention has a short arm length, and the rocker 7 of the rocker arm 6 is vertically rocked by the human hand.
  • the rocker 7 that swings the rocker arm 6 to the left and right has a long length, as usual.
  • the height of the height of the person who is tall is about 80 cm, and the length of the arm of the left and right rocker 6 is usually less than 15 cm according to the size of the cylinder and the high pressure tank. According to the principle of leverage, only It takes about 1/5 of the force of the straight cylinder pump, so that we can increase the intake air volume by increasing the cylinder diameter.
  • Figures 1 and 2 Although the heights of the left and right cylinders are not high, the diameter thereof is large, and the double cylinder structure can better solve the problem of the intake air amount.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first stage compressed air extractor of the present invention.
  • the air is filtered, and the outside air is filtered by the filter in the filter box 2, and then enters the first-stage air inlet 19 provided in the base 12 through the primary air intake valve 18.
  • a first-stage air inlet 19 is also disposed in the first-stage piston rod 15, so that the external air enters the first-stage air chamber 17 through the first-stage air inlet 19, and the first-stage piston 16 when the left cylinder 4 moves downward.
  • the air in the first air chamber 17 is compressed, and enters the first-stage air outlet 20, which is also disposed in the first-stage piston rod 15 and in the base 12, and enters the first-stage high-pressure chamber 22 through the first-stage air outlet valve 21,
  • the working mechanism of the right cylinder 5 is the same as that of the left cylinder 4.
  • the serial numbers of the same components are also numbered the same.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-stage compression pumping machine of the present invention.
  • the cylinder ports of the left cylinder 4 and the right cylinder 5 are closed as a secondary piston 23, and a secondary air chamber 24 is formed between the secondary piston 23 and the primary piston 16, and a secondary air intake is provided in the primary piston rod 15.
  • the intake port and the air outlet of the passage 26, the secondary air outlet 27, the secondary air inlet 26, the secondary air outlet 27 and the secondary air chamber 24 are located at the upper end of the primary piston rod 15, and the first piston 16
  • the high pressure tank 3 is divided into one first stage high pressure chamber 22 and one second stage high pressure chamber 29 by one partition.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-stage compression pumping machine of the present invention.
  • the first-stage piston rod 15 is a hollow tube, forming a three-stage air chamber 31, and a three-stage piston 30 is disposed in the left cylinder 4 and the right cylinder 5, and the third-stage piston 30 is in the hollow tube of the first-stage piston rod 15, three
  • the bottom of the stage air chamber 31 has a three-stage air inlet 33 and a third-stage air outlet 34.
  • the hollow tube wall of the first-stage piston rod 15 has a first-stage air inlet 19, a first-stage air outlet 20, and a second-stage air inlet 26.
  • the air inlet and the air outlet of the secondary air outlet 27, the secondary air inlet 26, the secondary air outlet 27 and the secondary air chamber 24 are located at the upper end of the first piston rod 15 and below the first stage piston 16.
  • the high-pressure tank 3 is divided into two first-stage high-pressure chambers 22, one second-stage high-pressure chamber 29, and one third-stage high-pressure chamber 36 by two partitions.
  • the third-stage piston 30 is driven upward.
  • the compressed air in the stage high pressure chamber 29 enters the third stage air chamber 31 via the three-stage intake valve 32 and the third stage intake port 33.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 in order to show all the air passages in one sectional view, all the air passages are represented in a schematic form, and the first intake port 19 in the hollow tube wall of the primary piston rod 15 is shown in the figure.
  • the primary air outlet 20, the secondary air inlet 26, and the secondary air outlet 27 are not in the same plane in practice.
  • the cylinder diameter of the present invention is large, we have enough space to design an air compressor capable of performing more stages of compressed air.
  • the piston rod of the third stage piston 30 is designed as one
  • the same hollow tube of the piston rod 15 can form a four-stage air chamber, and then a four-stage piston is designed in the third-stage air chamber 31, and a high-pressure tank 3 has a four-stage high-pressure chamber, which is formed with High-pressure pump with four-stage compression function.
  • the piston rod of the four-stage piston is a hollow tube, forming a five-stage air chamber, and the four-stage air chamber has five-stage pistons.
  • the high-pressure tank 3 has five-stage high-pressure chambers to form an ultra-high pressure pump with five-stage compression function.
  • the present invention eliminates the O-ring used in the existing pump, and draws on the piston structure of the engine cylinder, adopting a seal ring design, and each piston is only responsible for changing the air chamber by reciprocating motion.
  • the volume and the cooperation with the cylinder wall are airtight, and each air chamber completes the suction and exhaust through independent air passages and air valves.
  • the piston structure has the advantages of mature technology, stable performance, high reliability, and the like.
  • the high-resistance, high-stability automotive engine structure is used in low-intensity air compressors. We can achieve full-life, trouble-free, maintenance-free operation, which will definitely bring about a new revolution in the design of the pump structure.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a three-stage compression blower of the present invention.
  • the positional relationship of the gas valve and the air passage and the structure of the cylinder and the piston in the present invention can be clearly seen from Fig. 6. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that the air inlets of the left and right cylinders of the pumping unit are combined to form the air inlet nozzle 1, and the air suction hose is connected to the air inlet nozzle 1 by the air suction hose.
  • the bottom of the tertiary high pressure chamber 36 has an outer air passage 37.
  • the outer air passage 37 supplies the high pressure gas in the tertiary high pressure chamber 36 to the high pressure air nozzle 11, and the air pressure on the outer air passage 37.
  • Table 10 the air pressure in the tertiary high pressure chamber 36 can be read.
  • the first-stage piston rod 15 is a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is a three-stage air chamber 31.
  • the hollow tube wall is thick, and a first-stage air inlet 19 and a first-stage air outlet 20 are disposed on the tube wall.
  • the second inlet passage 26 and the secondary outlet passage 27 are for further explaining the inlet and outlet of the secondary inlet passage 26, the secondary outlet passage 27 and the secondary chamber 24.
  • the position of the mouth is set.
  • the first piston rod 15 inside the left cylinder is subjected to cross-section processing.
  • the secondary air inlet 26 and the secondary air outlet 27 are connected to the secondary air chamber 24.
  • the air inlet and the air outlet of the first air inlet 19 and the first air inlet 20 and the first air chamber 17 are connected to the air inlet and the air outlet. Processing the air passage in the pipe wall of the pipeline type cylinder is a key and difficult point in the processing and production of the invention, and the processing technology is relatively high.
  • the second difficulty of the present invention is the assembly difficulty, that is, the inlet and outlet passages of the primary piston rod 15 and the inlet and outlet passages on the pedestal can be made by screwing or welding.
  • Figure 6 shows the screw assembly.
  • the primary air inlet 19 including the primary air outlet 20
  • the secondary air outlet 27 including two
  • the inlets of the inlet passages 26) are all rounded and have a certain length to solve the problem that the screw cannot be accurately positioned. Since the pipe wall of the first-stage piston rod 15 needs to process the air passage, it must have sufficient thickness, so that we can also consider bolting or bolt-and-welding, or use 3D printing technology for integrated processing. .
  • Figure 7 is a bottom air passage view of the three-stage compression air extractor of the present invention, which is a bottom view of the base 12 of the present invention.
  • the lower surface of the base 12 is connected to the air chambers.
  • the cylinders respectively deliver the external air to each chamber step by step, complete the compression, and finally converge on the task of the three-stage high-pressure chamber.
  • the bottom cover 13 is also designed with a footboard 14 in use.
  • the footboard 14 slides out from under the bottom cover, and the user left and right. Both feet are stepped on the left and right foot pedals to stabilize the aspirator.
  • the above-mentioned bottom cover 13, base 12, and primary piston rod 15 can be integrally printed as a single component by using 3D printing technology, which will greatly reduce the performance of the air compressor. Processing difficulty.
  • the wall of the hollow tube of the first-stage piston rod 15 can be printed as a hollow structure except for four air passages, and the base portion can also be printed as a hollow structure, and the hollow structures are connected to each other through the hollow.
  • the structure is filled with coolant to significantly reduce the temperature inside the cylinder.
  • the pumping machine of the invention adopts the principle of leverage and has greater labor-saving advantages;
  • the piston of the air extracting machine adopts the piston structure of the engine cylinder, has mature technology, stable performance and high reliability; all the air valves of the invention All of them adopt the one-way air valve with mature technology and stable quality, which is convenient for installation and high reliability.
  • the invention has simple structure, high technical maturity and scientific basis for industrial production, and the product can achieve full life. No faults, maintenance-free operation, industrial applicability.

Abstract

一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，它采用杠杆原理，采用左右摇臂式结构，在基座（12）的中央是高压罐（3），在高压罐（3）左右两侧对称设置有左气缸（4）、右气缸（5）、摇臂（6）为跷跷板结构；它淘汰了O圈环，活塞采用密封环式设计，各气室通过独立的气道和气阀完成吸气和排气，所有气阀均采用批量生产的单向气阀，并统一安装在基座（12）的上表面，基座（12）的下面是连接各气室与高压仓的气道，通过像印刷电路般的管道式气道，实现左、右两个气缸（4、5）分别将外部空气逐级输送至各气室，完成压缩，并最后汇聚于三级高压仓；它左、右两个气缸（4、5）的进气口合在一起形成进气嘴（1），可作为真空抽气机使用。该打抽气机具有技术成熟、性能稳定、可靠性高，可以做到全寿命无故障、免维护运行的特点。

Description

摇臂式双缸打抽气机 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，具备高压打气和真空抽气两种功能，既可用于家庭衣物、被褥等物品的真空防潮隔湿，又可用于各型车辆车胎的高压打气，具有结构稳固、使用寿命长、故障率低、打气气压高、设计科学、省力可靠、外形美观、实用性强等特点，属于空气压缩机技术领域。
背景技术
现有的打气筒种类繁多，有单筒、双筒，有下压式、脚踏式，有一级压缩、也有三级压缩，这些打气筒技术成熟，基本能够满足日常需求。现有的三级压缩高压打气筒采用的是一体化套管式单筒和O圈活塞，具有结构简单、加工难度低的优点。
技术问题
现有的打气筒技术也存在以下显著的技术问题：
一是故障率高。主要是O圈的设计使用方式决定了其既存在加工要求高，又存在工作时极易损坏的问题。现有高压打气筒在活塞压缩空气时，O圈需要与气缸壁紧密配合以密封空气，在气缸吸气时又要通过位移和收缩变形来扩大与气缸壁的缝隙，以让空气从缝隙进入气缸，这种有位移和变 形的不稳定设计必定会导致摩擦力急剧增大，加之考虑到压强与面积的关系，气缸又必须细而长，使得O圈的摩擦距离也非常长，这样的摩擦不仅会产生大量的热，对O圈的磨损也非常大，尤其是三级压缩时空气的温度同时升高，致使O圈的工作温度非常高，体积小、温度高、磨损大，必然会导致O圈极易损坏。
二是费力。最早的打气筒为单筒下压式设计，这是一种常规的设计，也是非常简单的设计，但缺点就是非常费力，后来通过增加高压罐达到了省力的目的。现有的三级压缩打气筒仍然采用这种常规的设计，由于气压的成倍增加，必然导致作用于活塞的下压和上提的力都会成倍增加，为了使单个人员能够较轻松地完成这样一个打气过程，现有的三级压缩打气筒不得不尽量地缩小气缸的直径，带来的问题就是每次打气的进气量少，打气速度慢。
本发明致力于改变现有打气筒常规式的单筒下压式结构设计，克服上述缺点，提出一种新型省力、耐用、故障率低，同时又可兼顾抽气功能的高压打气、抽气一体机。
技术解决方案
本发明的技术解决方案：将所述的打抽气机的活塞采用密封环式设计，活塞只负责通过往复运动改变气室的容积，与气缸壁的配合为气密式，气室通过独立的气道和气阀完成吸气和排气；所述的打抽气机在一个基座的中央是高压罐，在高压罐左右两侧，对称设置有左气缸、右气缸，高压罐上方有摇臂，摇臂为跷跷板结构，底部中央轴向固定于高压罐上方，摇臂 左侧是左连杆，右侧是右连杆，左连杆与左气缸连接，右连杆与右气缸连接；所述的打抽气机为一级压缩打抽气机，当左气缸向上运动时吸气，外部空气经过一级进气阀进入基座内设置的一级进气道，在一级活塞杆内同样设置有一级进气道，当左气缸向下运动时，在一级活塞的压缩下，一级气室内的空气被压缩，进入同样设置在一级活塞杆内、基座内的一级出气道，经一级出气阀进入一级高压仓，右气缸工作机制与左气缸相同；所述的打抽气机为二级压缩打抽气机，左气缸、右气缸的气缸口封闭为二级活塞，二级活塞与一级活塞之间形成二级气室，一级活塞杆内有二级进气道、二级出气道，二级进气道、二级出气道与二级气室相连通的进气口、出气口位于一级活塞杆的上端、一级活塞的下方，高压罐被1个隔断分割为1个一级高压仓、1个二级高压仓，当左气缸向下运动时，一级高压仓内的压缩空气经二级进气阀、二级进气道进入二级气室，当左气缸向上运动时，在二级活塞的压缩下，二级气室内的空气被压缩，进入二级出气道，经二级出气阀进入二级高压仓，右气缸工作机制与左气缸相同；所述的打抽气机为三级压缩打抽气机，一级活塞杆为空心管，形成三级气室，在左气缸、右气缸内有三级活塞，三级活塞在一级活塞杆的空心管内，三级气室的底部有三级进气道、三级出气道，一级活塞杆的空心管管壁内有一级进气道、一级出气道、二级进气道、二级出气道，二级进气道、二级出气道与二级气室相连通的进气口、出气口位于一级活塞杆的上端、一级活塞的下方，高压罐被2个隔断分割为1个一级高压仓、1个二级高压仓、1个三级高压仓，当左气缸向上运动时，带动三级活塞向上运动，二级高压仓内的压缩空气经三级进气阀、三级进气道进入三级气室，当左气缸向下运动时，三 级活塞向下运动，三级气室内的空气被压缩，经三级出气道、三级出气阀进入三级高压仓，右气缸工作机制与左气缸相同；所述的打抽气机为四级压缩打抽气机，三级活塞的活塞杆为空心管，形成四级气室，三级气室内有四级活塞，高压罐内有四级高压仓；所述的打抽气机为五级压缩打抽气机，四级活塞的活塞杆为空心管，形成五级气室，四级气室内有五级活塞，高压罐内有五级高压仓；所述的左气缸、右气缸两个气缸的进气口合在一起形成进气嘴，通过吸气软管与进气嘴的连接，作为真空抽气机使用；所述的气阀统一安装在基座的上表面，除2个外部的一级进气阀安装在高压罐的外侧之外，其余气阀全部集中安装在高压罐内部各自对应的高压仓内；所述的基座、一级活塞杆采用3D打印技术进行一体化打印为一个单独的部件；所述的一级活塞杆空心管的管壁除了有4个气道外，其余部分打印为空心结构，基座打印为空心结构，这些空心结构相互连通，通过在空心结构里加注冷却液，以降低气缸内的温度。
有益效果
本发明以设计一种省力、耐用、故障率低，同时又可兼顾抽气功能的高压打气、抽气一体机为目的。为了达到省力的目的，本发明采用了杠杆原理，改变现有打气筒直筒下压式打气方式，采用左右摇臂式结构；为了达到耐用、故障率低的目的，本发明淘汰现有打气筒使用的O圈环，借鉴发动机气缸的活塞结构，采用密封式活塞，通过独立的气道和气阀完成气缸的吸气和排气，这种活塞结构技术成熟、性能稳定、可靠性高。本发明的结构既可用于设计一级、二级压缩打气筒，也可用于设计三级或更多级 压缩的打气筒。
附图说明
附图1是本发明东南等轴图。
附图2是本发明西北等轴图。
附图3是本发明一级压缩打抽气机剖面示意图。
附图4是本发明二级压缩打抽气机剖面示意图。
附图5是本发明三级压缩打抽气机剖面示意图。
附图6是本发明三级压缩打抽气机内部结构图。
附图7是本发明三级压缩打抽气机底部气道图。
图中，1是进气嘴、2是滤网盒、3是高压罐、4是左气缸、5是右气缸、6是摇臂、7是摇杆、8是左连杆、9是右连杆、10是气压表、11是高压气嘴、12是基座、13是底座、14是脚踏板、15是一级活塞杆、16是一级活塞、17是一级气室、18是一级进气阀、19是一级进气道、20是一级出气道、21是一级出气阀、22是一级高压仓、23是二级活塞、24是二级气室、25是二级进气阀、26是二级进气道、27是二级出气道、28是二级出气阀、29是二级高压仓、30是三级活塞、31是三级气室、32是三级进气阀、33是三级进气道、34是三级出气道、35是三级出气阀、36是三级高压仓、37是外输气道。
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明所述的三级压缩打抽气机为本发明的最佳实施方式。
本发明的实施方式
对照附图1、2，图1是本发明东南等轴图、图2是本发明西北等轴图，是本发明两个角度的外观图。图中，1是进气嘴、2是滤网盒、3是高压罐、4是左气缸、5是右气缸、6是摇臂、7是摇杆、8是左连杆、9是右连杆、10是气压表、11是高压气嘴、12是基座、13是底座、14是脚踏板。为了全面了解该打抽气机的整体外观，图1中的摇杆7显示了完全长度状态；为了进一步看清打抽气机的主体外观，图2中的摇杆7进行了断裂处理，以缩短打抽气机高度，放大打抽气机主体外观。从图1、2中可以看出，在一个基座11的中央是高压罐3，在高压罐3左右两侧，对称设置有左气缸4、右气缸5，高压罐3上方有摇臂6，摇臂6为跷跷板结构，底部中央轴向固定于高压罐3上方，摇臂6左侧是左连杆8，右侧是右连杆9，左连杆8与左气缸4连接，右连杆9与右气缸5连接，摇臂6中央上方是摇杆7，摇杆7通过套管方式与摇臂6连接，以方便取下，减小体积存放，当使用者通过摇杆7左右摇动摇臂6时，左气缸4、右气缸5交替从外部吸入空气，经活塞压缩后交替进入高压罐3。
对照附图1可以看出，本发明跷跷板结构的摇臂6臂长较短，摇臂6中央上方通过人力进行左右摇动驱动摇臂6左右摆动的摇杆7具有很长的长度，按照通常1.75米身高的人方便使用的高度计算，摇杆7的长度应该达到80厘米左右，而左右摇臂6的臂长根据气缸、高压罐的大小，通常不会超过15厘米，根据杠杆原理可知，只需要直式筒打气筒约1/5的力即可，这样，我们就可以通过增大气缸直径来增加进气量。对照图1、2可以看出， 虽然左右气缸的高度不高，但其直径较大，且为双筒结构，可以较好地解决进气量的问题。
根据上述的外部结构特征，可以分别设计一级压缩、二级压缩或三级、甚至四级、五级压缩的打抽气机。
对照附图3，图3是本发明一级压缩打抽气机剖面示意图。对照图3，当左气缸4向上运动时吸气，外部空气经滤网盒2内的滤网进行灰尘过滤后，经过一级进气阀18进入基座12内设置的一级进气道19，在一级活塞杆15内同样设置有一级进气道19，这样，外部空气经过一级进气道19进入一级气室17内，当左气缸4向下运动时，在一级活塞16的压缩下，一级气室17内的空气被压缩，进入同样设置在一级活塞杆15内、基座12内的一级出气道20，经一级出气阀21进入一级高压仓22，右气缸5工作机制与左气缸4相同，为了使各部件的关系表述更加简捷、清楚，左右相同部件的序号也都编为同一序号。
对照附图4，图4是本发明二级压缩打抽气机剖面示意图。图4中，左气缸4、右气缸5的气缸口封闭为二级活塞23，二级活塞23与一级活塞16之间形成二级气室24，一级活塞杆15内有二级进气道26、二级出气道27，二级进气道26、二级出气道27与二级气室24相连通的进气口、出气口位于一级活塞杆15的上端、一级活塞16的下方，高压罐3被1个隔断分割为1个一级高压仓22、1个二级高压仓29，当左气缸4向下运动时，一级高压仓22内的压缩空气经二级进气阀25、二级进气道26进入二级气室24，当左气缸4向上运动时，在二级活塞23的压缩下，二级气室24内的空气被压缩，进入二级出气道27，经二级出气阀28进入二级高压仓29，右气 缸5工作机制与左气缸4相同，为了使各部件的关系表述更加简捷、清楚，左右相同部件的序号也都编为同一序号。
对照附图5，图5是本发明三级压缩打抽气机剖面示意图。图5中，一级活塞杆15为空心管，形成三级气室31，在左气缸4、右气缸5内有三级活塞30，三级活塞30在一级活塞杆15的空心管内，三级气室31的底部有三级进气道33、三级出气道34，一级活塞杆15的空心管管壁内有一级进气道19、一级出气道20、二级进气道26、二级出气道27，二级进气道26、二级出气道27与二级气室24相连通的进气口、出气口位于一级活塞杆15的上端、一级活塞16的下方，高压罐3被2个隔断分割为1个一级高压仓22、1个二级高压仓29、1个三级高压仓36，当左气缸4向上运动时，带动三级活塞30向上运动，二级高压仓29内的压缩空气经三级进气阀32、三级进气道33进入三级气室31，当左气缸4向下运动时，三级活塞30向下运动，三级气室31内的空气被压缩，经三级出气道34、三级出气阀35进入三级高压仓36，右气缸5工作机制与左气缸4相同，为了使各部件的关系表述更加简捷、清楚，左右相同部件的序号也都编为同一序号。
图4、图5中，为了在一个剖面图中显示全部气道，所有气道均以示意图的形式体现，图中所示一级活塞杆15空心管管壁内的一级进气道19、一级出气道20、二级进气道26、二级出气道27在实际中并不在同一个平面。
根据上述设计思路，由于本发明的气缸直径较大，使得我们有足够的空间设计能够进行更多级压缩空气的打气机，对照附图5，如果将三级活塞30的活塞杆设计为与一级活塞杆15相同的空心管，即可形成四级气室，再在三级气室31内设计四级活塞，高压罐3内有四级高压仓，就形成了具备 四级压缩功能的高压打气筒。
同理，四级活塞的活塞杆为空心管，形成五级气室，四级气室内有五级活塞，高压罐3内有五级高压仓，形成具备五级压缩功能的超高压打气筒。
对照附图3、4、5可以看出，本发明淘汰了现有打气筒使用的O圈环，借鉴了发动机气缸的活塞结构，采用密封环式设计，各活塞只负责通过往复运动改变气室的容积，与气缸壁的配合为气密式，各气室通过独立的气道和气阀完成吸气和排气，这种活塞结构具有技术成熟、性能稳定、可靠性高等优点，这种高强度、高耐受性、高稳定性的汽车发动机结构运用于低强度的打气机，我们完全可以做到全寿命无故障、免维护运行，必将带来打气筒结构设计的一次全新变革。
对照附图6，图6是本发明三级压缩打抽气机内部结构图。从图6可以清楚地看到本发明中的气阀、气道的位置关系以及气缸、活塞的结构。从图6可以看出，该打抽气机左、右两个气缸的进气口合在一起形成进气嘴1，通过吸气软管与进气嘴1的连接，该打抽气机便可以作为真空抽气机使用，增加了打气机的功能。
对照图6，三级高压仓36的底部还有外输气道37，外输气道37将三级高压仓36内的高压气体输送给高压气嘴11，在外输气道37上还有气压表10，可以读取三级高压仓36内的气压。从图6中可以看出，一级活塞杆15为空心管，空心管即为三级气室31，空心管管壁较厚，在管壁设置有一级进气道19、一级出气道20、二级进气道26、二级出气道27，为进一步说明二级进气道26、二级出气道27与二级气室24相连通的进气口、出气 口的位置设置，图中，将左气缸内部的一级活塞杆15进行了剖面处理，图中可以更加清楚地看到二级进气道26、二级出气道27与二级气室24相连通的进气口、出气口，以及一级进气道19、一级出气道20与一级气室17相连通的进气口、出气口。在管道式气缸的管壁加工气道，是本发明在加工生产上的一个关键和难点，对加工工艺要求较高。本发明的第二个难点是装配难点，即一级活塞杆15的进气道、出气道与基座上进气道与出气道的对接，我们可以采取螺口、焊接等方式进行。图6显示的是螺口装配，为配合螺口装配，对照图6可以看出，位于基座上的一级进气道19(含一级出气道20)、二级出气道27(含二级进气道26)的道口，均成圆弧形，具有一定的长度，以解决螺口无法精准定位角度的问题。由于该一级活塞杆15的管壁需要加工气道，因而必须具备足够的厚度，这使得我们也可以考虑采取螺栓连接或螺栓加焊接相结合的方式进行，或者采用3D打印技术进行一体化加工。
对照图6还可以看出，本发明的所有气阀均采用现有批量生产的，技术成熟、质量稳定的单向气阀，并统一安装在基座12的上表面，一是方便安装，二是可靠性高，可以做到全寿命无故障、免维护运行，因此，我们除了将2个外部的一级进气阀18安装在高压罐3的外侧之外，其余气阀全部集中安装在高压罐3内部各自对应的高压仓内。
对照附图7，图7是本发明三级压缩打抽气机底部气道图，是本发明基座12的下视图，从图7可以看出，基座12的下面是连接各气室与高压仓的气道，这些气道为凹槽式加工，通过密封垫和底盖13以及螺栓的紧箍，形成密封的气道，就是这种像印刷电路般的管道式气道，完成了左、右两 个气缸分别将外部空气逐级输送至各气室，完成压缩，并最后汇聚于三级高压仓的任务。
对照图1、2可以看出，为了方便左右摇摆打气或抽气，底盖13的底部还设计了脚踏板14，使用时，脚踏板14从底盖下面滑出，使用者左、右两脚分别踩住左、右两个脚踏板，以稳固打抽气机。
随着3D打印技术的普及，上述的底盖13、基座12、一级活塞杆15可以采用3D打印技术进行一体化打印为一个单独的部件，这将极大地减小本打抽气机的加工难度。通过3D打印技术，一级活塞杆15空心管的管壁除了有4个气道外，其余部分也可以打印为空心结构，基座部分也可以打印为空心结构，这些空心结构相互连通，通过在空心结构里加注冷却液，以大幅降低气缸内的温度。
工业实用性
本发明所述的打抽气机采用杠杆原理，具有较大的省力优势；打抽气机的活塞采用发动机气缸的活塞结构，具有技术成熟、性能稳定、可靠性高；本发明的所有气阀均采用现有批量生产的，技术成熟、质量稳定的单向气阀，方便安装，可靠性高；本发明结构简单，采用技术成熟度高，具备工业生产的科学基础，产品可以做到全寿命无故障、免维护运行，工业实用性强。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：或所述的打抽气机的活塞采用密封环式设计，活塞只负责通过往复运动改变气室的容积，与气缸壁的配合为气密式，气室通过独立的气道和气阀完成吸气和排气；或所述的打抽气机在一个基座(11)的中央是高压罐(3)，在高压罐(3)左右两侧，对称设置有左气缸(4)、右气缸(5)，高压罐(3)上方有摇臂(6)，摇臂(6)为跷跷板结构，底部中央轴向固定于高压罐(3)上方，摇臂(6)左侧是左连杆(8)，右侧是右连杆(9)，左连杆(8)与左气缸(4)连接，右连杆(9)与右气缸(5)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的打抽气机为一级压缩打抽气机，当左气缸(4)向上运动时吸气，外部空气经过一级进气阀(18)进入基座(12)内设置的一级进气道(19)，在一级活塞杆(15)内同样设置有一级进气道(19)，当左气缸(4)向下运动时，在一级活塞(16)的压缩下，一级气室(17)内的空气被压缩，进入同样设置在一级活塞杆(15)内、基座(12)内的一级出气道(20)，经一级出气阀(21)进入一级高压仓(22)，右气缸(5)工作机制与左气缸(4)相同。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的打抽气机为二级压缩打抽气机，左气缸(4)、右气缸(5)的气缸口封闭为二级活塞(23)，二级活塞(23)与一级活塞(16)之间形成二级气室(24)，一级活塞杆(15)内有二级进气道(26)、二级出气道(27)，二级进气道 (26)、二级出气道(27)与二级气室(24)相连通的进气口、出气口位于一级活塞杆(15)的上端、一级活塞(16)的下方，高压罐(3)被1个隔断分割为1个一级高压仓(22)、1个二级高压仓(29)，当左气缸(4)向下运动时，一级高压仓(22)内的压缩空气经二级进气阀(25)、二级进气道(26)进入二级气室(24)，当左气缸(4)向上运动时，在二级活塞(23)的压缩下，二级气室(24)内的空气被压缩，进入二级出气道(27)，经二级出气阀(28)进入二级高压仓(29)，右气缸(5)工作机制与左气缸(4)相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的打抽气机为三级压缩打抽气机，一级活塞杆(15)为空心管，形成三级气室(31)，在左气缸(4)、右气缸(5)内有三级活塞(30)，三级活塞(30)在一级活塞杆(15)的空心管内，三级气室(31)的底部有三级进气道(33)、三级出气道(34)，一级活塞杆(15)的空心管管壁内有一级进气道(19)、一级出气道(20)、二级进气道(26)、二级出气道(27)，二级进气道(26)、二级出气道(27)与二级气室(24)相连通的进气口、出气口位于一级活塞杆(15)的上端、一级活塞(16)的下方，高压罐(3)被2个隔断分割为1个一级高压仓(22)、1个二级高压仓(29)、1个三级高压仓(36)，当左气缸(4)向上运动时，带动三级活塞(30)向上运动，二级高压仓(29)内的压缩空气经三级进气阀(32)、三级进气道(33)进入三级气室(31)，当左气缸(4)向下运动时，三级活塞(30)向下运动，三级气室(31)内的空气被压缩，经三级出气道(34)、三级出气阀(35)进入三级高压仓(36)，右气缸(5)工作机制与左气缸(4)相同。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的打抽气机为四级压缩打抽气机，三级活塞(30)的活塞杆为空心管，形成四级气室，三级气室(31)内有四级活塞，高压罐(3)内有四级高压仓。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的打抽气机为五级压缩打抽气机，四级活塞的活塞杆为空心管，形成五级气室，四级气室内有五级活塞，高压罐(3)内有五级高压仓。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的左气缸(4)、右气缸(5)两个气缸的进气口合在一起形成进气嘴(1)，通过吸气软管与进气嘴(1)的连接，作为真空抽气机使用。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的气阀统一安装在基座(12)的上表面，除2个外部的一级进气阀(18)安装在高压罐(3)的外侧之外，其余气阀全部集中安装在高压罐(3)内部各自对应的高压仓内。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的基座(12)、一级活塞杆(15)采用3D打印技术进行一体化打印为一个单独的部件。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种摇臂式双缸打抽气机，其特征是：所述的一级活塞杆(15)空心管的管壁除了有4个气道外，其余部分打印为空心结构，基座(12)打印为空心结构，这些空心结构相互连通，通过在空心结构里加注冷却液，以降低气缸内的温度。
PCT/CN2016/095925 2016-03-24 2016-08-18 摇臂式双缸打抽气机 WO2017161802A1 (zh)

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