WO2017141921A1 - アルミニウム合金ブレージングシート及びその製造方法、ならびに、当該ブレージングシートを用いた自動車用熱交換器の製造方法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム合金ブレージングシート及びその製造方法、ならびに、当該ブレージングシートを用いた自動車用熱交換器の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/016—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of aluminium or aluminium alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
- B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3603—Halide salts
- B23K35/3605—Fluorides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0391—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
- F28F2275/045—Fastening; Joining by brazing with particular processing steps, e.g. by allowing displacement of parts during brazing or by using a reservoir for storing brazing material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy brazing sheet excellent in corrosion resistance and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to an aluminum alloy brazing sheet suitably used for constituting a heat exchanger such as an oil cooler and a method for producing the same. Furthermore, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the heat exchanger for motor vehicles which used this aluminum alloy brazing sheet.
- Aluminum alloys are lightweight and have high thermal conductivity, and can be realized with high corrosion resistance by appropriate processing, so they are used in automotive heat exchangers such as radiators, condensers, evaporators, heaters, intercoolers, oil coolers, etc. .
- Automotive heat exchanger flow path components are made of Al-Mn alloy such as 3003 alloy as the core material, brazing material of Al-Si alloy and sacrificial anode material of Al-Zn alloy on one side
- the two-layer clad material or the three-layer clad material clad with the brazing material of Al—Si alloy on the other surface is used.
- the heat exchanger is usually joined by combining such clad material and corrugated fins and brazing at a high temperature of 580 ° C. or higher.
- the flow path forming part penetrates due to the occurrence of pitting corrosion, or the plate thickness decreases due to uniform corrosion and the pressure resistance decreases.
- the flow path forming component may be broken. As a result, air, cooling water, refrigerant, oil, etc. circulating inside may be leaked.
- the sacrificial anode material is clad on the inner surface to prevent corrosion, but the outer surface is not clad with the sacrificial anode material, and the potential is higher than that of the fin material by adding Zn or the like to the flow path forming component.
- the reason why such a method can be used for the outer surface is that no fluid leaks even if the fin penetrates, and the corrosive liquid that adheres has high conductivity.
- the conductivity of the corrosive liquid increases as the liquid component concentration increases.
- the corrosive liquid containing a high concentration of solute components such as snow melting salt adheres to it, so its conductivity is high, and it is possible to prevent the entire flow path forming part from sacrificing the fins. It becomes.
- the heat exchanger is increasingly required to have a shape different from the conventional one.
- a laminated structure as shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a radiator.
- one surface of the flow path forming component is in contact with the cooling water, and the other surface is in contact with the outside air.
- the surface in contact with the cooling water is the same corrosive environment as a conventional radiator, and it is necessary to clad a material having a sacrificial anodic action.
- the pitting corrosion potential becomes lower in the Zn concentration portion than in the brazing material surface.
- Patent Document 1 describes an aluminum alloy brazing sheet in which a material having both a brazing function and a sacrificial anodic action is clad on both sides.
- This brazing sheet is mainly used in a heat exchanger for automobiles such as a radiator in which cooling water circulates inside a tube.
- the inner surface of the tube is made of a brazing material having a lower Si content than a normal brazing material.
- Al-Si alloy brazing material having both brazing function and sacrificial anodic action is used by adding Zn, and brazing assist function is exhibited by slightly melting the Al-Si brazing material on the inner surface of the tube .
- brazing assist function is exhibited by slightly melting the Al-Si brazing material on the inner surface of the tube .
- the brazing sheet described in Patent Document 1 enables brazing of tube materials in a B shape.
- a sacrificial anode due to the flow of brazing can be obtained by using an Al—Si brazing material having a sacrificial anodizing effect, in which Si having a lower content than the commonly used Al—Si based brazing material is added. Prevents reduction of action. However, no attempt is made to prevent preferential corrosion due to the concentration of Zn in the joint.
- the brazing sheet described in Patent Document 1 melts the brazing slightly by adding Si to the sacrificial anode material, and assists brazing between the brazing materials of the tube material formed into a B-shaped cross-sectional shape. ing. However, no consideration is given to brazing between sacrificial anode materials to which Si is added.
- both surfaces of the brazing material are clad with Al—Si alloy brazing material and the brazing material amount on one surface is reduced, and both brazing material surfaces are joined at the end of the plate.
- An aluminum alloy brazing sheet having the function of: As shown in FIG. 3, the amount of brazing during brazing is reduced, the second brazing portion between the first brazing materials clad on one surface, and the second Al—Si alloy clad on the other surface. This is a technique to compensate for the shortage of brazing filler metal.
- the Al alloy brazing sheet described in Patent Document 2 may contain Zn added to an Al—Si brazing material with a reduced amount of brazing. Preferential corrosion at the joint portion between the brazing filler metal surfaces that have been reduced is suppressed by the flow of the solder on the other surface into the joint portion.
- the brazing material structure For example, when the joint length is long, the amount of brazing inflow necessary for brazing is insufficient and the brazing property is insufficient. And there is a problem that the preferential corrosion sensitivity of the joint portion increases.
- Zn is added only to the Al—Si based alloy brazing material having a reduced brazing amount, and no consideration is given to the corrosion resistance of the surface clad with the other Al—Si based alloy brazing material.
- an aluminum alloy brazing sheet is used as a flow path forming component of an automotive heat exchanger, for example, the inner surface or both inner and outer surfaces of the flow path forming component are in a corrosive environment, and it is difficult to prevent corrosion due to sacrificial anodic action by fins.
- the inner and outer surfaces of the flow path forming component have a brazing function, and the inner surface or both inner and outer surfaces also have a sacrificial anodic action. It has been difficult to provide an aluminum alloy brazing sheet that can sufficiently braze the plate and that does not cause preferential corrosion at the brazed portion.
- the present invention has been completed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in an aluminum alloy brazing sheet, an Al—Si brazing material having a brazing function is clad on both sides, and one side is provided.
- an aluminum alloy brazing sheet that has a sacrificial anodic action on both sides, further prevents preferential corrosion of the joint, and exhibits a good brazing function without diffusion of the molten braze into the core material during brazing and its manufacture It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a manufacturing method of a heat exchanger for automobiles using the method.
- Such a highly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy brazing sheet can be suitably used as a flow path forming component of an automotive heat exchanger.
- the present invention provides an aluminum alloy core according to claim 1, comprising an aluminum alloy core, a first brazing material clad on one surface of the core material, and a second brazing material clad on the other surface.
- the core material is made of an aluminum alloy containing Fe: 0.05 to 1.50 mass%, Mn: 0.30 to 2.00 mass%, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.
- the material contains Si: 1.50 to 4.00 mass%, Fe: 0.05 to 1.50 mass%, Zn: 1.00 to 6.00 mass%, and a sacrificial anodic action composed of the balance Al and inevitable impurities; It is made of an aluminum alloy having a brazing function, and the second brazing material contains Si: 4.00 to 13.00 mass%, Fe: 0.05 to 1.00 mass%.
- Al—Si—Fe having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.5 to 80.0 ⁇ m in the second brazing material, which is made of an aluminum alloy having a sacrificial anodic action and a brazing function comprising the balance Al and inevitable impurities.
- system intermetallic compound is an aluminum alloy brazing sheet, characterized in that there 2,000 / mm 2 or less.
- the aluminum alloy of the core material is Si: 0.01 to 1.50 mass%, Cu: 0.03 to 2.00 mass%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.50 mass. %, Ti: 0.05-0.30 mass%, Zr: 0.05-0.30 mass%, Cr: 0.05-0.30 mass% and V: 0.05-0.30 mass% 1 It is assumed that the seed or two or more kinds are further contained.
- the aluminum alloy of the first brazing material is Cu: 0.05 to 0.50 mass%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.50 mass%, Mg: 0.00. 01 to 0.50 mass%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.30 mass%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.30 mass%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.30 mass%, and V: 0.05 to 0.30 mass% 1 type or 2 types or more selected from the above.
- the aluminum alloy of the first brazing material is Na: 0.001 to 0.050 mass% and Sr: 0.001 to 0.050 mass% in any one of the first to third aspects. 1 type or 2 types selected from are further included.
- the aluminum alloy of the second brazing material is Zn: 0.50 to 5.00 mass% and the Zn content of the first brazing material is any one of the first to fourth aspects. 0.20 mass% or more lower than the amount, Cu: 0.05 to 0.50 mass%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.50 mass%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.50 mass%, Ti: 0.05 to 0 .30 mass%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.30 mass%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.30 mass%, and V: 0.05 to 0.30 mass%, or one or more further selected It was supposed to be.
- the aluminum alloy of the second brazing filler metal includes Na: 0.001 to 0.050 mass% and Sr: 0.001 to 0.050 mass%. 1 type or 2 types selected from these were further contained.
- the Al—Si—Fe system according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the second brazing material after brazing has an equivalent circle diameter of 0.5 to 80.0 ⁇ m.
- the number of intermetallic compounds was 1000 / mm 2 or less.
- the present invention provides, in claim 8, a method for producing an aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the aluminum alloy is used for the core material, the first brazing material, and the second brazing material.
- a hot rolling process in which the cast ingots of the first brazing material and the second brazing material are each hot-rolled to a predetermined thickness, and one surface of the core material ingot is predetermined by hot rolling.
- the temperature is set to 400 to 550 ° C.
- the heating time is set to 1 to 30 hours
- the maximum coolant flow rate is set to 10 m so that the thickness of the second brazing material reaches 150 mm or less within 30 minutes after the start of the hot rolling process. 3 / min or less, and the total amount used is 30 m 3 or less.
- the surfaces of the first brazing members of the aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to any one of the first to seventh aspects are brazed together, and the second brazing is performed at the time of brazing.
- both the first brazing material and the second brazing material have brazing properties, and the first brazing material and the second brazing material One or both have a sacrificial anodic action, thereby replenishing the brazing which is insufficient when brazing the first brazing materials with the second brazing material, and at the same time diluting the Zn concentration at the joint between the first brazing materials It was set as the manufacturing method of the heat exchanger for motor vehicles characterized by doing.
- an aluminum alloy brazing sheet when used for, for example, a flow path forming component of a heat exchanger, one or both surfaces of the flow path forming component are in a corrosive environment and it is difficult to prevent corrosion with fins.
- An aluminum alloy brazing sheet that has a brazing function on both sides of the flow path forming component, has a sacrificial anodic action on one or both sides, and further suppresses preferential corrosion at the joint between the flow path forming components, and its manufacture
- a method and a method of manufacturing an automotive heat exchanger using the brazing sheet are provided.
- This brazing sheet is excellent in brazing properties such as erosion resistance, and is suitably used as a heat exchanger flow path forming component for automobiles from the viewpoint of light weight and good thermal conductivity.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram of a laminated heat exchanger using the aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the tube shape
- FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger such as a radiator using an aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to the present invention, and has a structure in which tank portions are laminated. At the end of the flow path forming component, there is a brazed joint between the first brazing materials having a long joint length, and brazing is necessary on both sides of the flow path forming component. To be used in applications where the first brazing filler metal surface is more corrosive than the second brazing filler metal surface and the corrosive anodic action of the fins cannot prevent the flow path forming component from being corroded. It is a solution.
- the first brazing material surface is in a severe corrosive environment such as cooling water, it is necessary to secure the thickness of the sacrificial anticorrosion layer by reducing the amount of brazing during brazing by reducing the Si content. However, if the melting amount of the brazing is reduced, there arises a problem that the brazing joint portion between the first brazing materials is insufficient.
- the aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to the present invention is for effectively solving such problems. That is, at the time of brazing, the first brazing filler metal having a lower Zn content than the first brazing filler metal and having a high brazing melt amount flows into the joint between the first brazing filler metals. By compensating for the shortage of the brazing amount in the brazed joint between the brazing materials and at the same time, reducing the Zn concentration in the joint, the preferential corrosion of the joint can be suppressed.
- Core material contains Fe: 0.05 to 1.50 mass% (hereinafter simply referred to as “%”), Mn: 0.30 to 2.00% as essential elements, and the balance consists of Al and inevitable impurities.
- An aluminum alloy is used.
- the core material includes Si: 0.01 to 1.50%, Cu: 0.03 to 2.00%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.50%, Ti: 0.00.
- unavoidable impurities may be contained in amounts of 0.05% or less, respectively, and 0.15% or less in total. Each component will be described below.
- Fe 0.05 to 1.50% Fe easily forms an intermetallic compound having a size that can serve as a recrystallization nucleus, and coarsens the recrystallized grains after brazing to suppress the diffusion of Si from the brazing material to the core material.
- the Fe content is 0.05 to 1.50%. If the Fe content is less than 0.05%, it is necessary to use a high-purity aluminum ingot, resulting in high costs. On the other hand, if the Fe content exceeds 1.50%, the crystal grain size after brazing becomes fine and brazing diffusion may occur.
- the Fe content is preferably 0.10 to 1.00%.
- Mn 0.30 to 2.00% Mn is dissolved in the aluminum matrix and the strength is improved by solid solution strengthening, or the strength is improved by dispersion strengthening by forming an Al—Mn intermetallic compound.
- the Mn content is 0.30 to 2.00%. If the Mn content is less than 0.30%, the above effect is insufficient. If it exceeds 2.00%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be formed during casting, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.40 to 1.80%.
- Si 0.01 to 1.50%
- Si forms an Al-Mn-Si intermetallic compound together with Mn and improves the strength by dispersion strengthening, or it is contained in the aluminum mother layer because it improves the strength by solid solution strengthening by solid solution strengthening. Also good.
- the Si content is 0.01 to 1.50%. If the Si content is less than 0.01%, it is necessary to use a high-purity aluminum ingot, resulting in high costs. On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 1.50%, the melting point of the core material is lowered and the possibility of melting is increased.
- the Si content is preferably 0.03-1.20%.
- Cu 0.03-2.00% Since Cu improves strength by solid solution strengthening, Cu may be contained.
- the Cu content is 0.03 to 2.00%. When the Cu content is less than 0.03%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the Cu content exceeds 2.00%, the risk of cracking of the aluminum alloy during casting increases.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.05 to 1.50%.
- Mg 0.01 to 0.50% Mg may be contained because it improves the strength by precipitation of Mg—Si.
- the Mg content is 0.01 to 0.50%. If the Mg content is less than 0.01%, the above effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.50%, brazing becomes difficult.
- the Mg content is preferably 0.10 to 0.40%.
- Ti may be contained because it improves the strength by solid solution strengthening.
- the Ti content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the Ti content is less than 0.05%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, when the Ti content exceeds 0.30%, it becomes easy to produce a giant intermetallic compound, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Zr 0.05-0.30% Zr may be included because it has the effect of improving strength by solid solution strengthening and precipitating Al—Zr-based intermetallic compounds to coarsen the crystal grains after brazing.
- the Zr content is 0.05 to 0.30%. If the Zr content is less than 0.05%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, when the Zr content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Zr content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Cr 0.05-0.30% Cr improves strength by solid solution strengthening and improves strength by precipitation of an Al—Cr intermetallic compound, so Cr may be contained.
- the Cr content is 0.05 to 0.30%. If the Cr content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the Cr content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- V 0.05-0.30% V improves the strength by solid solution strengthening and also improves the corrosion resistance.
- the V content is 0.05 to 0.30%. If the V content is less than 0.05%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, if the V content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the V content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- the first brazing material contains Si: 1.50 to 4.00%, Fe: 0.05 to 1.50%, Zn: 1.00 to 6.00% as essential elements, An aluminum alloy composed of the balance Al and inevitable impurities is used.
- the first brazing material includes Cu: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.50%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.50%, Ti : 0.05 to 0.30%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.30%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.30% and V: 0.05 to 0.30%
- species or more may be further contained as a 1st selective addition element.
- One or two selected from Na: 0.001 to 0.050% and Sr: 0.001 to 0.050% may be further contained as a second selective additive element.
- unavoidable impurities may be contained in each of 0.05% or less, and the total content may be 0.15% or less. Each component will be described below.
- Si 1.50 to 4.00%
- the Si content is 1.50 to 4.00%.
- the Si content is less than 1.50%, the resulting liquid phase is slight and the brazing function is hardly exhibited.
- the Si content exceeds 4.00%, most of the wax flows and it becomes difficult to maintain the corrosion resistance.
- the Si content is preferably 2.00 to 3.50%.
- Fe 0.05 to 1.50%
- an Al—Fe-based or Al—Si—Fe-based intermetallic compound is easily generated.
- the Fe content is 0.05 to 1.50%. If the Fe content is less than 0.05%, a high-purity aluminum ingot must be used, resulting in high costs. On the other hand, if the Fe content exceeds 1.50%, brazing becomes insufficient due to the above action.
- the Fe content is preferably 0.10 to 1.00%.
- Zn 1.00 to 6.00%
- the Zn content is 1.00 to 6.00%. If the Zn content is less than 1.00%, the effect of improving corrosion resistance due to sacrificial anodic action cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the Zn content exceeds 6.00%, the corrosion rate increases, the sacrificial anticorrosion layer disappears early, and the corrosion resistance decreases.
- the Zn content is preferably 1.50 to 5.00%.
- Cu 0.05 to 0.50% Since Cu improves strength by solid solution strengthening, Cu may be contained.
- the Cu content is 0.05 to 0.50%. If the Cu content is less than 0.05%, the above effects cannot be obtained sufficiently. On the other hand, if the Cu content exceeds 0.50%, the pitting potential of the sacrificial anticorrosive layer becomes noble, the sacrificial anodic action disappears, and the corrosion resistance decreases.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.10 to 0.40%.
- Mn 0.05 to 1.50% Mn may be contained because it improves strength and corrosion resistance.
- the Mn content is 0.05 to 1.50%. If the Mn content exceeds 1.50%, a giant intermetallic compound is easily formed, the plastic workability is lowered, and the potential of the sacrificial anode layer is made noble. Reduce. On the other hand, if the Mn content is less than 0.05%, the above effect cannot be obtained sufficiently.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.10 to 1.00%.
- Mg 0.01 to 0.50% Mg may be contained because it improves the strength by diffusing into the core material during the heat of brazing and precipitating an Mg—Si based intermetallic compound.
- the Mg content is 0.01 to 0.50%. If the Mg content is less than 0.01%, the above effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.50%, brazing becomes difficult.
- the Mg content is preferably 0.10 to 0.40%.
- Ti improves strength by solid solution strengthening and also improves corrosion resistance, so it may be contained.
- the Ti content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the Ti content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, when the Ti content exceeds 0.30%, it becomes easy to produce a giant intermetallic compound, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Zr0.05 ⁇ 0.30% Zr may be included because it has the effect of improving strength by solid solution strengthening and precipitating Al—Zr-based intermetallic compounds to coarsen the crystal grains after brazing.
- the Zr content is 0.05 to 0.30%. If the Zr content is less than 0.05%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, when the Zr content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Zr content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Cr 0.05-0.30% Cr has an effect of improving strength by solid solution strengthening and coarsening crystal grains after brazing by precipitation of an Al—Cr intermetallic compound.
- the Cr content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the Cr content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the Cr content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- V 0.05-0.30% V improves the strength by solid solution strengthening and also improves the corrosion resistance.
- the V content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the V content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the V content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the V content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Na 0.001 to 0.050%
- Na has the effect of finely and uniformly dispersing the Si molecules in the brazing material, so Na may be contained.
- the Na content is 0.001 to 0.050%. When the Na content is less than 0.001%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, if the Na content exceeds 0.050%, the effect is saturated, which is uneconomical.
- the Na content is preferably 0.005 to 0.040%.
- Sr 0.001 to 0.050% Sr may be contained because it has the effect of finely and uniformly dispersing Si molecules in the brazing material.
- the Sr content is 0.001 to 0.050%. If the Sr content is less than 0.001%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, if the Sr content exceeds 0.050%, the effect is saturated, which is uneconomical.
- the Sr content is preferably 0.005 to 0.040%.
- Cu, Mn, Mg, Ti, Zr, Cr, V, Na, and Sr may be added to the first brazing if necessary.
- Second brazing material For the second brazing material, an aluminum alloy containing Si: 4.00 to 13.00% and Fe: 0.05 to 1.00% as essential elements, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities is used. It is done.
- the second brazing material includes Zn: 0.50 to 5.00% and lower than the Zn content of the first brazing material by 0.20% or more, Cu: 0 .05 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.50%, Mg: 0.01 to 0.50%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.30%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.30 %, Cr: 0.05 to 0.30%, and V: 0.05 to 0.30% may be further included as the first selective additive element.
- One or two selected from Na: 0.001 to 0.050% and Sr: 0.001 to 0.050% may be further contained as a second selective additive element.
- unavoidable impurities may be contained in each of 0.05% or less, and the total content may be 0.15% or less. Each component will be described below.
- the melting point of the brazing material is lowered to form a liquid phase, thereby enabling brazing.
- the Si content is 4.00 to 13.00%.
- the brazing of the second brazing material having a smaller amount of Zn than the first brazing material and having a large amount of brazing melt is caused to flow into the joint between the first brazing materials at the time of brazing.
- the preferential corrosion of the joint can be suppressed by relaxing the concentration of Zn in the joint.
- the Si content of the second brazing material is less than 4.00%, it is difficult to cause the brazing material of the second brazing material to flow into the joint between the first brazing materials.
- the Si content exceeds 13.00%, the amount of Si diffusing into the brazing counterpart material becomes excessive, and the counterpart material will melt.
- the Si content is preferably 5.00 to 10.00%.
- Fe 0.05 to 1.00% Addition of Fe facilitates the formation of Al—Fe and Al—Si—Fe intermetallic compounds, so that the flowability of the braze is lowered, and the joint between the first brazing materials existing at the end of the plate A sufficient amount of wax will be difficult to flow into.
- the Fe content is 0.05 to 1.00%. If the Fe content is less than 0.05%, a high-purity aluminum ingot must be used, resulting in high costs. On the other hand, if the Fe content exceeds 1.00%, brazing at the joint portion between the first brazing materials present at the end portions of the plate becomes insufficient due to the above action.
- the Fe content is preferably 0.10 to 0.80%.
- Zn 0.50 to 5.00% and lower than the Zn content of the first brazing filler metal by 0.20% or more to make the pitting potential lower and form a potential difference with the core material Since the corrosion resistance is improved by the sacrificial anodic action, it may be contained.
- the Zn content is 0.50 to 5.00%, and the Zn content is 0.2% or more lower than that of the first brazing material.
- Zn content exceeds 5.00%, a corrosion rate will become quick, a sacrificial anticorrosion layer will lose
- the Zn content is less than 0.50%, the sacrificial anticorrosive effect is insufficient.
- the Zn content is preferably 1.00 to 4.00%, and preferably 0.50% or less lower than the content of the first brazing filler metal.
- Cu 0.05 to 0.50% Since Cu improves strength by solid solution strengthening, Cu may be contained.
- the Cu content is 0.05 to 0.50%. If the Cu content is less than 0.05%, the above effects cannot be obtained sufficiently. On the other hand, when the Cu content exceeds 0.50%, the pitting corrosion potential of the sacrificial anticorrosive layer becomes noble, the sacrificial anodic action disappears, and the corrosion resistance decreases.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.10 to 0.40%.
- Mn 0.05 to 1.50% Mn may be contained because it improves strength and corrosion resistance.
- the Mn content is 0.05 to 1.50%. If the Mn content is less than 0.05%, the above effects cannot be obtained sufficiently. On the other hand, when the Mn content exceeds 1.5%, a giant intermetallic compound is easily formed and the plastic workability is lowered, and the sacrificial anode action is inhibited to make the potential of the sacrificial anode layer noble and corrosion resistance is reduced. Reduce.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.10 to 1.00%.
- Mg 0.01 to 0.50% Mg may be contained because it improves the strength by diffusing into the core material during the heat of brazing and precipitating an Mg—Si based intermetallic compound.
- the Mg content is 0.01 to 0.50%. If the Mg content is less than 0.01%, the above effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.50%, brazing becomes difficult.
- the Mg content is preferably 0.10 to 0.40%.
- Ti improves strength by solid solution strengthening and also improves corrosion resistance, so it may be contained.
- the Ti content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the Ti content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the Ti content exceeds 0.30%, it becomes easy to produce a giant intermetallic compound, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Zr 0.05-0.30% Zr may be included because it has the effect of improving strength by solid solution strengthening and precipitating Al—Zr-based intermetallic compounds to coarsen the crystal grains after brazing.
- the Zr content is 0.05 to 0.30%. If the Zr content is less than 0.05%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, when the Zr content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Zr content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Cr 0.05-0.30% Cr has the effect of improving strength by solid solution strengthening and precipitating Al—Cr intermetallic compounds to coarsen the crystal grains after brazing, so Cr may be contained.
- the Cr content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the Cr content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the Cr content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- V 0.05-0.30% V improves the strength by solid solution strengthening and also improves the corrosion resistance.
- the V content is 0.05 to 0.30%. When the V content is less than 0.05%, the above effects are insufficient. On the other hand, if the V content exceeds 0.30%, a giant intermetallic compound is likely to be produced, and the plastic workability is lowered.
- the V content is preferably 0.10 to 0.20%.
- Na 0.001 to 0.050%
- Na has the effect of finely and uniformly dispersing the Si molecules in the brazing material, so Na may be contained.
- the Na content is 0.001 to 0.050%. When the Na content is less than 0.001%, the above effect is insufficient. On the other hand, if the Na content exceeds 0.050%, the effect is saturated, which is uneconomical.
- the Na content is preferably 0.005 to 0.040%.
- the first brazing material after brazing needs to have a so-called sacrificial anodic action that preferentially corrodes the brazing material surface over the core material.
- the difference in pitting corrosion potential between the first brazing filler metal surface and the core material after brazing is 20 mV or more, the sacrificial anodic action due to this potential difference is exerted, so that the generation of through holes due to corrosion from the surface can be prevented. it can.
- the pitting corrosion potential difference between the first brazing filler metal surface and the core material after brazing is less than 20 mV, the sacrificial anodic action due to this potential difference is not sufficient, and a through hole is generated due to corrosion from the surface.
- the pitting corrosion potential difference between the first brazing material surface and the core material after brazing is defined as a value obtained by subtracting the pitting corrosion potential of the first brazing material surface from the pitting corrosion potential of the core material after brazing.
- the surface of the second brazing material after brazing becomes a corrosive environment depending on the method of use, it is necessary to have a so-called sacrificial anodic action that preferentially corrodes the surface of the second brazing material over the core material.
- the difference in pitting corrosion potential between the second brazing material surface and the core material after brazing is 10 mV or more. Since the sacrificial anodic action is exhibited, it is possible to prevent the generation of through holes due to corrosion from the surface.
- the pitting corrosion potential difference between the second brazing filler metal surface and the core material after brazing is less than 10 mV, the sacrificial anodic action due to this potential difference is not sufficient, and a through hole is generated due to corrosion from the surface.
- the pitting corrosion potential difference between the second brazing filler metal surface and the core material after brazing is defined as a value obtained by subtracting the pitting corrosion potential of the second brazing filler metal surface from the pitting corrosion potential of the core material after brazing.
- the brazing sheet according to the present invention needs to have an appropriate amount of brazing in the joint portion between the first brazing materials at the time of brazing, and in the state after brazing, It is necessary that the eutectic structure and the brazing filler metal surface in the brazing filler metal of each part, and the brazing filler metal surface and the core material have an appropriate pitting corrosion potential relationship.
- the relationship between the brazing material surface and the pitting corrosion potential of the core material is made appropriate.
- the brazing of the second brazing material is caused to flow into the plate end joint portion between the first brazing materials, so that the first brazing is performed.
- the second brazing material with a larger amount of Si and less Zn added than the first brazing material flows into the joint between the first brazing materials.
- Zn concentration in the eutectic structure in the brazing material of the joint is relaxed, and the relationship between the eutectic structure in the brazing material of the joint and the pitting potential on the surface of the brazing material is made appropriate.
- the Si content of the second brazing material is set to the first content.
- the number of Al—Si—Fe-based intermetallic compounds present in the second brazing material is controlled. If a large amount of intermetallic compound is present in the molten second brazing filler metal, the brazing fluidity is remarkably reduced, so that the second brazing filler metal is present at the joint between the first brazing filler metals existing at the plate ends. The material does not flow.
- the number density of the Al—Si—Fe intermetallic compound of the second brazing material before brazing is regulated to 2000 pieces / mm 2 or less
- the Al—Si—Fe system of the second brazing material after brazing It has been experimentally clarified by the present inventors that the number density of intermetallic compounds is regulated to 1000 / mm 2 or less.
- the density of the Al—Si—Fe-based intermetallic compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.5 to 80.0 ⁇ m exceeds 2000 / mm 2 , the fluidity of the brazing during brazing in the second brazing material is increased. The above effect cannot be obtained.
- the density of the Al—Si—Fe-based intermetallic compound is preferably 300 to 1800 / mm 2 . Since the second brazing material contains 4.0% or more of Si and 0.05% or more of Fe, the existing density of the Al—Si—Fe-based intermetallic compound is less than 100 / mm 2. There is no.
- the equivalent circle diameter of the Al—Si—Fe intermetallic compound is limited to 0.5 to 80.0 ⁇ m is as follows. Al-Si-Fe-based intermetallic compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of less than 0.5 ⁇ m were excluded from the scope because they do not hinder the flowability of the wax. On the other hand, Al—Si—Fe intermetallic compounds having an equivalent circle diameter exceeding 80.0 ⁇ m need not be present by appropriately adjusting the manufacturing conditions of heat treatment and rolling in order to reduce the plastic workability. Because it is, it was excluded.
- the brazing conditions in the present invention are not particularly limited, but usually, after applying a fluoride-based flux, the maximum temperature reached 580 to 620 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. As a measure, it is carried out by heating for 10 to 2000 seconds.
- the manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to the present invention includes a step of casting the aluminum alloy for the core material, the first brazing material, and the second brazing material, respectively, the cast first brazing material and the second brazing material.
- a hot rolling process in which each ingot of the brazing material is hot-rolled to a predetermined thickness, and a first brazing material having a predetermined thickness by hot rolling is clad on one surface of the core material ingot, and the other surface is heated.
- a clad step of clad the second brazing material having a predetermined thickness by hot rolling a hot clad rolling step of hot rolling the clad material, a cold rolling step of cold rolling the clad material hot-rolled, Including one or more annealing steps for annealing the clad material during one or both of the cold rolling step and the cold rolling step.
- the number density of Al—Si—Fe intermetallic compounds having a circle-equivalent diameter of 0.5 to 80.0 ⁇ m in the second brazing material before brazing is regulated to 2000 pieces / mm 2 or less. be able to.
- the mass of the ingot of the second brazing material before the hot rolling process is 1.5 t or more, and the plate thickness is 250 mm or more.
- the heating temperature of the ingot of the second brazing material is 400 to 550 ° C., the heating time is 1 to 30 hours, and the thickness of the second brazing material is less than 150 mm within 30 minutes after the start of the hot rolling process. Therefore, the maximum coolant flow rate is set to 10 m 3 / min or less, and the total usage amount is set to 30 m 3 or less.
- the cooling control by the coolant is performed in order to promote the Ostwald growth from the start of the hot rolling until the plate thickness reaches 150 mm or less. If the plate thickness is less than 150 mm, it becomes difficult to maintain the material temperature at a high temperature due to cooling by outside air, heat removal from a roll, or the like. Therefore, even if cooling by the coolant is controlled, a sufficient effect of promoting Ostwald growth cannot be obtained.
- the final plate thickness after the hot rolling step of the second brazing material may be less than 150 mm. In that case, it is not necessary to control the cooling by the coolant after the plate thickness is less than 150 mm.
- the plate thickness before the start of hot rolling 250 mm or more, preferably 300 mm or more, and to roll the plate so that the plate thickness reaches 150 mm or less within 30 minutes after the start of hot rolling.
- the plate thickness before the start of hot rolling is less than 250 mm, the Ostwald growth is not sufficiently promoted because the workability is insufficient.
- the rolling time until the plate thickness reaches 150 mm or less exceeds 30 minutes after the start of hot rolling, the effect of promoting Ostwald growth becomes insufficient because the degree of work as a driving force is insufficient.
- the lower limit of the hot rolling time until the plate thickness reaches 150 mm or less is not particularly limited, but it is difficult to roll until the plate thickness reaches 150 mm or less within 1 minute from the start of hot rolling.
- the rolling time from the start of hot rolling until the plate thickness reaches 150 mm or less is preferably 3 to 25 minutes.
- the plate thickness before hot rolling is preferably 1000 mm or less.
- the total time required for hot rolling is 30 minutes if the rolling time from the start of hot rolling to the sheet thickness reaching 150 mm or less is within 30 minutes. May be exceeded. From the standpoint of Ostwald growth, there is no upper limit to the total time required for hot rolling, but if it exceeds 60 minutes, the occupation time of the equipment is too long and the economy is significantly impaired.
- the mass of the second brazing material made of the Al—Si alloy In order to promote Ostwald growth in the hot rolling process of the second brazing material, the mass of the second brazing material made of the Al—Si alloy must be 1.5 t (tons) or more, preferably 1.8 t or more. There is. If this mass is less than 1.5 t, it is difficult to keep the material at a high temperature because the cooling rate during rolling is high, and the effect of promoting Ostwald growth becomes insufficient.
- the upper limit of the mass of the second brazing material made of the Al—Si based alloy is not particularly limited, but the mass of the second brazing material made of the Al—Si based alloy becomes difficult because the production becomes difficult when the mass exceeds 10 t. Is preferably 10 t or less.
- the heating temperature before hot rolling needs to be 400 to 550 ° C., preferably 420 to 540 ° C. If this temperature is less than 400 ° C., the plastic workability is poor, so that cracks and the like occur during rolling. On the other hand, when it exceeds 550 degreeC, there exists a possibility that a 1st brazing material may fuse
- the heating time before hot rolling needs to be 1 to 30 hours, preferably 2 to 29 hours. If this time is less than 1 hour, the material temperature becomes non-uniform, which causes cracking. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30 hours, it is uneconomical.
- the maximum coolant flow rate is 10 m 3 / min or less, preferably 9 m 3 / min or less.
- the lower limit of the maximum coolant flow rate is not particularly limited. However, if it is less than 0.1 m 3 / min, lubrication failure may occur. Therefore, the maximum coolant flow rate is preferably 0.1 m 3 / min or more. .
- the total amount of coolant used is 30 m 3 or less, preferably 28 m 3 or less.
- the lower limit of the total amount of coolant used is not particularly limited, but if the total amount used is less than 0.5 m 3, poor lubrication may occur, so the total amount of coolant used is 0.5 m 3 or more. Is preferred.
- Casting process The conditions in the casting process are not particularly limited, but it is usually carried out by water-cooled semi-continuous casting.
- the ingot for the core material before cladding the first brazing material and the second brazing material, the first ingot for brazing material before hot rolling, and the first ingot before hot rolling One or more of two ingots for brazing material, or an ingot for core material before clad the first brazing material and the second brazing material, after hot rolling and ingot for core material Any one type or two or more types of the first brazing material before being clad and the second brazing material after being hot-rolled and before being clad on the core material ingot may be subjected to a homogenization treatment step.
- Such homogenization is preferably performed at a temperature of 350 to 620 ° C. for 1 to 30 hours for the core material. If the treatment temperature is less than 350 ° C., the effect of the homogenization treatment is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 620 ° C., the core material may be melted. Further, if the treatment time is less than 1 hour, the effect of the homogenization treatment is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 30 hours, the productivity is remarkably lowered.
- the homogenization conditions for the first brazing material and the second brazing material are preferably 450 to 560 ° C. for 2 to 30 hours. If the treatment temperature is less than 450 ° C., the effect of the homogenization treatment is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 560 ° C., the brazing material may be melted. Further, if the treatment time is less than 2 hours, the effect of the homogenization treatment is not sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 30 hours, the productivity is remarkably lowered.
- the heating temperature before rolling is usually 400 to 560 ° C., preferably 420 to 540 ° C. If this heating temperature is less than 400 ° C., cracking or the like may occur during rolling because of poor plastic workability. On the other hand, when this heating temperature exceeds 560 degreeC, there exists a possibility that a 1st brazing material may fuse
- the heating time before hot rolling is 1 to 30 hours, preferably 2 to 29 hours. If it is less than 1 hour, the material temperature becomes non-uniform, which causes cracking. On the other hand, when it exceeds 30 hours, productivity will fall remarkably.
- Hot clad rolling process A clad process in which one surface of a core ingot is clad with a first brazing material having a predetermined thickness by hot rolling, and the other surface is clad with a second brazing material having a predetermined thickness by hot rolling. After carrying out the above, a hot clad rolling step of hot rolling the clad material is carried out.
- the heating temperature before rolling is usually 400 to 560 ° C, preferably 420 to 540 ° C. If this heating temperature is less than 400 ° C., cracking or the like may occur during rolling because of poor plastic workability. Moreover, it may be difficult to press the brazing material against the core material, and normal hot rolling may not be performed.
- the brazing material when the heating temperature exceeds 560 ° C., the brazing material may be melted during the heating.
- the heating time before hot clad rolling is 1 to 30 hours, preferably 2 to 29 hours. If it is less than 1 hour, the material temperature becomes non-uniform, which causes cracking. On the other hand, when it exceeds 30 hours, productivity will fall remarkably.
- the final cold rolling rate is preferably 10 to 80%.
- the final cold rolling rate refers to the cold rolling rate calculated from the plate thickness after hot clad rolling and the plate thickness after cold rolling.
- Annealing process An annealing process is performed once or more in the middle of a cold rolling process and one or both after a cold rolling process for the purpose of reducing work distortion. Specifically, (1) one or more intermediate annealings are performed during the cold rolling process, (2) the final annealing process is performed once after the cold rolling process, or (3) (1 ) And (2) are implemented.
- the clad material is preferably held at 100 to 560 ° C. for 1 to 30 hours. When the temperature is less than 100 ° C. and the holding time is less than 1 hour, the above effect may not be sufficient.
- the brazing filler metal may melt during heating, and if the holding time exceeds 30 hours, the economic efficiency is significantly impaired.
- a batch type furnace or a continuous type furnace may be used for the annealing step.
- count of an annealing process is not specifically limited, In order to avoid the cost increase by the increase in the number of processes, it is preferable to set it as 3 times.
- the thickness of the aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to the present invention and the clad rate of the first brazing material and the second brazing material are not particularly limited.
- a thin brazing sheet of about 1.0 mm or less.
- the clad rate of the first brazing material and the second brazing material layer is usually 2 to 30%, preferably 4 to 28%.
- an automotive heat exchanger is suitably manufactured using a flow path forming component obtained by processing the above-described aluminum alloy brazing sheet. Specifically, the surfaces of the first brazing material of the aluminum alloy brazing sheet according to the present invention are brazed together. At the time of brazing, both the first brazing material and the second brazing material have brazing properties because the molten brazing material of the second brazing material flows into the joint portion between the first brazing materials. And sacrificial anodic action is given to one or both of the 1st brazing material and the 2nd brazing material.
- the solder that is insufficient when brazing the first brazing material is supplemented by the second brazing material, and the Zn concentration in the joint between the first brazing materials is diluted to prevent preferential corrosion of the joint. Is done.
- the brazing conditions There are no particular restrictions on the brazing conditions, but it is usually carried out by applying a flux and heating to about 580 to 620 ° C.
- a first brazing alloy having the alloy composition shown in Table 1, a core alloy having the alloy composition shown in Table 2, and a second brazing alloy having the alloy composition shown in Table 3 are cast by semi-continuous casting, respectively.
- Both the ingot of the core material and the first brazing material had a plate thickness after chamfering of 400 mm.
- the ingot of the first brazing material was hot-rolled to a thickness of 50 mm through a heating stage at 450 ° C. for 3 hours before hot-rolling.
- “-” indicates that it is less than the measurement limit.
- the ingot of the second brazing material was subjected to a hot rolling process up to a plate thickness of 150 mm under the conditions shown in Table 5.
- the thickness of the second brazing material after chamfering was 400 mm.
- the plate thickness after chamfering was 250 mm.
- the plate thickness after chamfering was 245 mm.
- the second brazing material was finally rolled to a thickness of 50 mm in the hot rolling process.
- the heating time before hot rolling was 15 hours except for HL9 and HL17.
- the heating time before hot rolling of HL9 was 1 hour.
- the heating time before hot rolling of HL17 was 0.5 hour.
- a hot rolled sheet of the first brazing alloy shown in Table 1 is combined with one side of the ingot of the core alloy shown in Table 2, and the second brazing alloy shown in Table 3 on the other side.
- the cladding rates of the first brazing material and the second brazing material were both 10%.
- a brazing sheet sample having a final thickness of 0.4 mm of O tempering, H1n tempering, or H2n tempering was prepared by subjecting this three-layer clad material to a processing step combining the cold rolling and annealing shown in Table 6. .
- the manufacturability is set as “good”, and cracking or slab melting occurs during casting or rolling, resulting in a final thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the manufacturability was determined to be “X”. The results are shown in Tables 7-14.
- the test pieces are overlapped with the first brazing filler metal surfaces and the outside is the second brazing filler metal, and a 5% fluoride flux aqueous solution is applied to the overlapping portion of the first brazing filler metal and dried. I let you. In addition, the length of the overlapping part was 5 mm.
- the entire dried brazing sheet sample was covered with a stainless steel foil and subjected to brazing heat at 600 ° C. for 5 minutes to prepare a laminated material sample. When the fillet was formed after brazing, the fillet formation was evaluated as “good”, and when the fillet was not formed after brazing, the fillet formation was determined as “failed”. The results are shown in Tables 7-14.
- the bondability was judged as “good”, and the void formed at the joint after brazing is 20% of the joint length. In the case of the above, the bondability was determined as “failed”. The results are shown in Tables 7-14. Similarly, if a member such as a core material or a fin is not melted during brazing, the meltability is passed as “ ⁇ ”, and if a member such as a core material or fin is melted during brazing, the meltability is rejected as “x”. did. The results are shown in Tables 7-14. In Tables 7 to 14, there were items that could not be evaluated for samples in which any of fillet formation, bondability, and meltability was x, and other evaluations were omitted.
- the material sample was immersed in this measurement solution, and the pitting corrosion potential at the joint between the core material, the first brazing material surface, the second brazing material surface, and the first brazing material surfaces was measured. Note that the joint portion was chamfered by polishing until the cross section indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 4 was obtained. Ag / Ag / Cl (s) was used for the reference electrode. In each measurement, the non-measurement site was masked with an insulating resin so that only the target measurement site was exposed. Tables 7 to 14 show the pitting corrosion potential thus obtained and the difference between the pitting corrosion potential between the joint portions of the first brazing filler metal surfaces and the pitting corrosion potential on the first brazing filler metal surface.
- the difference between the pitting corrosion potential on the surface of the first brazing filler metal and the pitting corrosion potential at the joint between the first brazing filler metal surfaces is determined by the bonding between the first brazing filler metal surfaces based on the pitting corrosion potential on the first brazing filler metal surface. It is a value obtained by subtracting the pitting corrosion potential at the part. The results are shown in Tables 7-14.
- the corrosion resistance of the surface of the first brazing filler metal was determined to be acceptable (O) when no corrosion penetration occurred in the brazing sheet, and the corrosion resistance of the surface of the first brazing filler metal was rejected (X) when corrosion penetration occurred.
- the corrosion resistance at the joint portion between the first brazing materials is determined to be acceptable (O) when the corrosion penetration does not occur, and the one where the corrosion penetration occurs between the first brazing materials. Corrosion resistance at the joint was rejected (x). The results are shown in Tables 7-14.
- the test was repeated for 760 hours, with a cycle of drying in a 30% atmosphere for 1 hour and holding for 30 minutes in a humid atmosphere at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95% as one cycle.
- the corrosion resistance of the surface of the second brazing filler metal was evaluated as acceptable (O) when the brazing sheet did not cause corrosion penetration, and the corrosion resistance of the surface of the second brazing filler metal was evaluated as unacceptable (X).
- O acceptable
- X corrosion resistance of the surface of the second brazing filler metal
- Comparative Example 44 since there were too many Ti, Zr, Cr, and V components in the core material, a huge intermetallic compound was generated in the core material, and cracking occurred in press molding, so the moldability was rejected.
- Comparative Example 68 the Ti, Zr, Cr, and V components of the second brazing material were too large, so a huge intermetallic compound was generated in the second brazing material, and cracking occurred during press molding, and the formability was rejected. became.
- Comparative Example 84 since the plate thickness at the start of hot rolling is less than 250 mm, the degree of workability is insufficient, and the number of Al—Fe—Si intermetallic compounds distributed in the second brazing filler metal is increased, so that the bondability is increased. It was rejected.
- an aluminum alloy brazing sheet for a flow path forming part of a heat exchanger in which the inner surface or both inner and outer surfaces of the flow path forming part are in a corrosive environment and sacrificial corrosion prevention by the fin is difficult at the joint surface with the fin.
- Such an aluminum alloy brazing sheet has a sacrificial anodic action on both the inside and outside of the flow path forming component, and has a brazing function on one side, and further at the joint between the first brazing members at the plate ends. Preferential corrosion can be suppressed, and brazing properties such as fin joint rate and erosion resistance, light weight, and thermal conductivity are excellent.
- the flow path formation component of the heat exchanger for motor vehicles using such an aluminum alloy brazing sheet is also provided.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明に係るアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートを用いたラジエータなどの熱交換器を示し、タンク部分が積層された構造を有する。流路形成部品端部において、接合部長さの長い第1ろう材同士のろう付接合部が存在し、流路形成部品の両面でろう付が必要であり、流路形成部品の片面あるいは両面が腐食環境にあり、第1ろう材面が第2ろう材面に比べより高い耐食性が必要となり、かつフィンによる犠牲陽極作用にて流路形成部品の防食を行えないような用途に適用するための解決法である。
次に、本発明に係るアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートを構成する心材、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の合金組成について説明する。
心材には、Fe:0.05~1.50mass%(以下、単に「%」と記す)、Mn:0.30~2.00%を必須元素として含有し、残部Al及び不可避不純物からなるアルミニウム合金が用いられる。
Feは再結晶核となり得るサイズの金属間化合物を生成し易く、ろう付後の再結晶粒を粗大にしてろう材から心材へのSiの拡散を抑制する。Fe含有量は、0.05~1.50%である。Fe含有量が0.05%未満では、高純度アルミニウム地金を用いる必要があるためコスト高を招く。一方、Fe含有量が1.50%を超えるとろう付後の結晶粒径が微細となり、ろう拡散が生じる虞がある。Fe含有量は、好ましくは0.10~1.00%である。
Mnは、アルミニウム母相中に固溶して固溶強化により強度を向上させ、又は、Al-Mn系金属間化合物を形成して分散強化により強度を向上させる。Mn含有量は、0.30~2.00%である。Mn含有量が0.30%未満では上記効果が不十分であり、2.00%を超えると鋳造時に巨大金属間化合物が形成され易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Mn含有量は、好ましくは0.40~1.80%である。
Siは、Mnと共にAl-Mn-Si系の金属間化合物を形成し、分散強化により強度を向上させ、或いは、アルミニウム母層中に固溶して固溶強化により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Si含有量は、0.01~1.50%である。Si含有量が0.01%未満では、高純度アルミニウム地金を用いる必要があるためコスト高を招く。一方、Si含有量が1.50%を超えると、心材の融点が低下し溶融が生じる虞が高くなる。Si含有量は、好ましくは0.03~1.20%である。
Cuは、固溶強化により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Cu含有量は、0.03~2.00%である。Cu含有量が0.03%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Cu含有量が2.00%を超えると、鋳造時におけるアルミニウム合金の割れ発生の虞が高くなる。Cu含有量は、好ましくは0.05~1.50%である。
Mgは、Mg-Siの析出により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Mg含有量は、0.01~0.50%である。Mg含有量が0.01%未満では上記効果が不十分となり、0.50%を超えるとろう付が困難になる。Mg含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.40%である。
Tiは、固溶強化により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Ti含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Ti含有量が0.05%未満では上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Ti含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Ti含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Zrは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、Al-Zr系の金属間化合物を析出させてろう付後の結晶粒を粗大化させる作用を有するので含有させてもよい。Zr含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Zr含有量が0.05%未満では上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Zr含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Zr含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Crは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、Al-Cr系の金属間化合物の析出により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Cr含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Cr含有量が、0.05%未満では上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Cr含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Cr含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Vは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、耐食性も向上させるので含有させてもよい。V含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。V含有量が、0.05%未満では上記効果が不十分となる。一方、V含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。V含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
第1ろう材には、Si:1.50~4.00%、Fe:0.05~1.50%、Zn:1.00~6.00%を必須元素として含有し、残部Al及び不可避不純物からなるアルミニウム合金が用いられる。
Siを添加することによりろう材の融点が低下して液相を生じさせ、これによってろう付を可能にする。Si含有量は、1.50~4.00%である。Si含有量が1.50%未満では、生じる液相が僅かでありろう付機能が発揮され難くなる。一方、Si含有量が4.00%を超えると、ろうの多くが流動し耐食性を維持することが困難となる。Si含有量は、好ましくは2.00~3.50%である。
Feを添加することにより、Al-Fe系やAl-Si-Fe系の金属間化合物が生成し易くなる。その結果、ろう付に有効となるSi量を低下させ、ろう付機能の低下を招く。Fe含有量は、0.05~1.50%である。Fe含有量が0.05%未満では、高純度のアルミニウム地金を使用しなければならずコスト高を招く。一方、Fe含有量が1.50%を超えると、上記作用によりろう付が不十分となる。Fe含有量は、好ましくは0.10~1.00%である。
Znを添加することにより孔食電位を卑にし、心材との電位差を形成することで犠牲陽極作用による耐食性の向上が図られる。Znの含有量は、1.00~6.00%である。Zn含有量が1.00%未満では、犠牲陽極作用による耐食性向上の効果が十分に得られない。一方、Zn含有量が6.00%を超えると、腐食速度が速くなり早期に犠牲防食層が消失して耐食性が低下する。Zn含有量は、好ましくは1.50~5.00%である。
Cuは、固溶強化により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Cu含有量は、0.05~0.50%である。Cu含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が十分に得られない。一方、Cu含有量が0.50%を超えると、犠牲防食層の孔食電位が貴になってしまい犠牲陽極作用を消失して耐食性が低下する。Cu含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.40%である。
Mnは、強度と耐食性を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Mn含有量は、0.05~1.50%である。Mn含有量が1.50%を超えると巨大金属間化合物が形成され易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させ、また、犠牲陽極層の電位を貴にするため、犠牲陽極作用を阻害して耐食性を低下させる。一方、Mn含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が十分に得られない。Mn含有量は、好ましくは0.10~1.00%である。
Mgは、ろう付加熱時に心材へ拡散してMg-Si系の金属間化合物を析出させることにより強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Mg含有量は、0.01~0.50%である。Mg含有量が0.01%未満では上記効果が不十分となり、0.50%を超えるとろう付が困難になる。Mg含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.40%である。
Tiは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、耐食性も向上させるので含有させてもよい。Ti含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Ti含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Ti含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Ti含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Zrは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、Al-Zr系の金属間化合物を析出させてろう付後の結晶粒を粗大化させる作用を有するので含有させてもよい。Zr含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Zr含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Zr含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Zr含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Crは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、Al-Cr系の金属間化合物析出によりろう付後の結晶粒を粗大化させる作用を有するので含有させてもよい。Cr含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Cr含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Cr含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Cr含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Vは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、耐食性も向上させるので含有させてもよい。V含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。V含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、V含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。V含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Naは、ろう材中のSi分子を微細、かつ均一に分散させる効果を有するので含有させてもよい。Na含有量は、0.001~0.050%である。Na含有量が0.001%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Na含有量が0.050%を超えると、その効果が飽和するので不経済となる。Na含有量は、好ましくは0.005~0.040%である。
Srは、ろう材中のSi分子を微細、かつ均一に分散させる効果を有するので含有させてもよい。Sr含有量は、0.001~0.050%である。Sr含有量が0.001%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Sr含有量が0.050%を超えると、その効果が飽和するので不経済となる。Sr含有量は、好ましくは0.005~0.040%である。
第2ろう材には、Si:4.00~13.00%、Fe:0.05~1.00%を必須元素として含有し、残部Al及び不可避不純物からなるアルミニウム合金が用いられる。
Siを添加することによりろう材の融点が低下して液相を生じさせ、これによってろう付を可能にする。Si含有量は、4.00~13.00%である。前述の通り、第1ろう材よりもZn含有量が少なく、かつ、ろう溶融量の多い第2ろう材のろうを、ろう付時において第1ろう材同士の接合部に流入させることで、ろう量の不足を補うと同時に、接合部のZnの濃縮を緩和することで接合部の優先腐食を抑制することができる。第2ろう材のSi含有量が4.00%未満では、第1ろう材同士の接合部に第2ろう材のろうを流入させることが困難である。一方、Si含有量が13.00%を超えるとろう付の相手材へ拡散するSi量が過剰となり、相手材の溶融が発生してしまう。Si含有量は、好ましくは5.00~10.00%である。
Feを添加することにより、Al-Fe系やAl-Si-Fe系の金属間化合物が生成し易くなるためろうの流動性が低下し、板端部に存在する第1ろう材同士の接合部へ十分量のろうが流入し難くなる。Fe含有量は、0.05~1.00%である。Fe含有量が0.05%未満では、高純度のアルミニウム地金を使用しなければならずコスト高を招く。一方、Fe含有量が1.00%を超えると、上記作用により板端部に存在する第1ろう材同士の接合部におけるろう付が不十分となる。Fe含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.80%である。
Znを添加することにより孔食電位を卑にし、心材との電位差を形成することで犠牲陽極作用により耐食性を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Zn含有量は、0.50~5.00%であり、かつ、Zn含有量が第1ろう材のものよりも0.2%以上低くなる。Zn含有量が5.00%を超えると、腐食速度が速くなり早期に犠牲防食層が消失して耐食性が低下する。一方、Zn含有量が0.50%未満では犠牲防食効果が不十分となる。また、第1ろう材のZn含有量との差が0.20%未満になると、接合部のZn濃縮による優先腐食を抑制する効果が不十分となる。Zn含有量は、1.00~4.00%であり、かつ、第1ろう材の含有量よりも0.50%以上低いのが好ましい。
Cuは、固溶強化により強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Cu含有量は、0.05~0.50%である。Cu含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が十分に得られない。一方、Cu含有量が0.50%を超えると犠牲防食層の孔食電位が貴になってしまい、犠牲陽極作用を消失して耐食性が低下する。Cu含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.40%である。
Mnは、強度と耐食性を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Mn含有量は、0.05~1.50%である。Mn含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が十分に得られない。一方、Mn含有量が1.5%を超えると、巨大金属間化合物が形成され易くなり塑性加工性を低下させ、また、犠牲陽極層の電位を貴にするため犠牲陽極作用を阻害して耐食性を低下させる。Mn含有量は、好ましくは0.10~1.00%である。
Mgは、ろう付加熱時に心材へ拡散してMg-Si系の金属間化合物を析出させることにより強度を向上させるので含有させてもよい。Mg含有量は、0.01~0.50%である。Mg含有量が0.01%未満では上記効果が不十分となり、0.50%を超えるとろう付が困難になる。Mg含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.40%である。
Tiは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、耐食性も向上させるので含有させてもよい。Ti含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Ti含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Ti含有量が0.30%を超えると、巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Ti含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Zrは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、Al-Zr系の金属間化合物を析出させてろう付後の結晶粒を粗大化させる作用を有するので含有させてもよい。Zr含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Zr含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Zr含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Zr含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Crは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、Al-Cr系の金属間化合物を析出させてろう付後の結晶粒を粗大化させる作用を有するので含有させてもよい。Cr含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。Cr含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Cr含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。Cr含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Vは、固溶強化により強度を向上させると共に、耐食性も向上させるので含有させてもよい。V含有量は、0.05~0.30%である。V含有量が0.05%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、V含有量が0.30%を超えると巨大金属間化合物を生成し易くなり、塑性加工性を低下させる。V含有量は、好ましくは0.10~0.20%である。
Naは、ろう材中のSi分子を微細、かつ均一に分散させる効果を有するので含有させてもよい。Na含有量は、0.001~0.050%である。Na含有量が0.001%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Na含有量が0.050%を超えるとその効果が飽和するので不経済となる。Na含有量は、好ましくは0.005~0.040%である。
Srは、ろう材中のSi分子を微細、かつ均一に分散させる効果を有するので含有させても良い。Sr含有量は、0.001~0.050%である。Sr含有量が0.001%未満では、上記効果が不十分となる。一方、Sr含有量が0.050%を超えるとその効果が飽和するので不経済となる。Sr含有量は、好ましくは0.005~0.040%である。
ろう付後の流路形成部品において、周囲よりも孔食電位の卑な部位が存在すれば、その部分が優先的に腐食する。このようなろう付後状態において、第1ろう材の非ろう付部表層の孔食電位から接合部における共晶組織の孔食電位を引いた値が50mV以下になっていれば、或いは、第1ろう材の非ろう付部表層の孔食電位が接合部における共晶組織の孔食電位よりも卑になっていれば、第1ろう材の非ろう付部が優先的に腐食するため、接合部の優先腐食は発生しない。
第2ろう材を板端部に存在する第1ろう材同士の接合部に流入させるために、第2ろう材のSi含有量を第1ろう材のSi添加量よりも多くすると同時に、第2ろう材内に存在するAl-Si-Fe系の金属間化合物の数を制御する。溶融した第2ろう材のろう内に多量の金属間化合物が存在していると、ろうの流動性が著しく低下するため、板端部に存在する第1ろう材同士の接合部に第2ろう材が流入しない。そこで、第2ろう材内に存在する、0.5~80.0μmの円相当径(円相当直径であり、以下において同じ)を有するAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物を2000個/mm2以下に規制することで、第2ろう材におけるろう付中のろうの流動性を良好なものとし、板端部に存在する第1ろう材同士の接合部に第2ろう材のろうを積極的に流入させることで、上述の効果が得られる。なお、このようなAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物の数密度は、ろう付の前及び後の両方において規制するものである。すなわち、ろう付前における第2ろう材のAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物の数密度を2000個/mm2以下に規制すれば、ろう付後における第2ろう材のAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物の数密度が1000個/mm2以下に規制されることは、本発明者らによって実験的に明らかにされている。
本発明に係るアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートの製造方法は、上記の心材用、第1ろう材用及び第2ろう材用のアルミニウム合金をそれぞれ鋳造する工程と、鋳造した第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の鋳塊をそれぞれ所定の厚さまで熱間圧延する熱間圧延工程と、心材鋳塊の一方の面に熱間圧延により所定厚さとした第1ろう材をクラッドし、他方の面に熱間圧延により所定厚さとした第2ろう材をクラッドするクラッド工程と、クラッド材を熱間圧延する熱間クラッド圧延工程と、熱間クラッド圧延したクラッド材を冷間圧延する冷間圧延工程と、冷間圧延工程の途中及び冷間圧延工程の後の一方又は両方においてクラッド材を焼鈍する1回以上の焼鈍工程とを含む。
ろう付前における第2ろう材中において、0.5~80.0μmの円相当径を有するAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物の数密度を2000個/mm2以下に規制するために、第2ろう材用の鋳塊を熱間圧延する際に、クーラントによる冷却を抑制し、高温にて保持された状態で加工を加える。これにより、オストワルド成長によってサイズの小さいAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物が消滅し、粗大なAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物のサイズが大きくなる。このようにして、ろう付前における第2ろう材中における0.5~80.0μmの円相当径を有するAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物の数密度を2000個/mm2以下に規制することができる。
鋳造工程における条件は特に制限はないが、通常は水冷式の半連続鋳造によって実施される。
上記製造方法において、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材をクラッドする前の心材用の鋳塊、熱間圧延する前の第1ろう材用鋳塊及び熱間圧延する前の第2ろう材用鋳塊のいずれか1種又は2種以上を、或いは、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材をクラッドする前の心材用の鋳塊、熱間圧延後であって心材用鋳塊にクラッドする前の第1ろう材及び熱間圧延後であって心材用鋳塊にクラッドする前の第2ろう材のいずれか1種又は2種以上を、均質化処理工程にかけてもよい。
第1ろう材用鋳塊の熱間圧延工程において、圧延前の加熱温度は通常、400~560℃、好ましくは420~540℃で実施する。この加熱温度が400℃未満では、塑性加工性が乏しいため圧延時にコバ割れ等を生じる場合がある。一方、この加熱温度が560℃を超える場合には、加熱中に第1ろう材が溶融してしまう虞がある。また、熱間圧延前の加熱時間は1~30時間、好ましくは2~29時間とする。1時間未満では、材料温度が不均一になり、コバ割れ発生の原因となる。一方、30時間を超えると生産性が著しく低下する。
心材鋳塊の一方の面に熱間圧延により所定厚さとした第1ろう材をクラッドし、他方の面に熱間圧延により所定厚さとした第2ろう材をクラッドするクラッド工程を実施した後に、クラッド材を熱間圧延する熱間クラッド圧延工程が実施される。圧延前の加熱温度は通常、400~560℃、好ましくは420~540℃で実施する。この加熱温度が400℃未満では、塑性加工性が乏しいため圧延時にコバ割れ等を生じる場合がある。また、心材に対してろう材の圧着が困難となり正常に熱間圧延を行うことができない場合がある。一方、この加熱温度が560℃を超える場合には、加熱中にろう材が溶融してしまう虞がある。また、熱間クラッド圧延前の加熱時間は1~30時間、好ましくは2~29時間とする。1時間未満では、材料温度が不均一になり、コバ割れ発生の原因となる。一方、30時間を超えると生産性が著しく低下する。
熱間クラッド圧延工程の冷却後に、圧延板を冷間圧延工程にかけて所望の最終板厚とする。なお、最終冷間圧延率は、10~80%とするのが好ましい。最終冷間圧延率とは、熱間クラッド圧延後の板厚と冷間圧延後の板厚から算出される冷間圧延率をいう。
焼鈍工程は、加工歪を低減する目的で、冷間圧延工程の途中及び冷間圧延工程の後の一方又は両方において1回以上行われる。具体的には、(1)冷間圧延工程の途中において1回以上の中間焼鈍が実施され、(2)冷間圧延工程の後に最終焼鈍工程が1回実施され、或いは、(3)(1)及び(2)が実施されるものである。この焼鈍工程では、クラッド材を100~560℃で1~30時間保持するのが好ましい。温度が100℃未満、保持時間が1時間未満の場合は、上記効果が十分でない場合がある。温度が560℃を超えると、加熱中にろう材が溶融してしまう虞があり、保持時間が30時間を超えると経済性を著しく損なう。なお、焼鈍工程にはバッチ式の炉を用いても、連続式の炉を用いてもよい。また、焼鈍工程の回数の上限は特に限定されるものではないが、工程数の増加によるコスト増加を回避するために、3回とするのが好ましい。
上述のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートを加工した流路形成部品を用いて、自動車用熱交換器が好適に製造される。具体的には、本発明に係るアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートの第1ろう材の表面同士を合わせてろう付する。このろう付け時において、第2ろう材の溶融ろうが第1ろう材同士の接合部に流入することで、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の両方がろう付性を有する。そして、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の一方又は両方に犠牲陽極作用をもたせる。これによって、第1ろう材同士のろう付時に不足するろうを第2ろう材によって補充し、更に、第1ろう材同士の接合部におけるZn濃度が希釈されることで接合部の優先腐食が防止される。ろう付条件に特に制限はないが、通常はフラックスを塗布して580~620℃程度に加熱することにより実施される。
600℃で5分間の熱処理(ろう付加熱相当)を施したブレージングシート試料の断面をEPMAによって観察することにより、ろう付後における第2ろう材中に分布する0.5~80.0μmの円相当径を有するAl-Fe-Si系化合物の数密度を測定した。測定箇所は、任意に3箇所を選択して各測定箇所の測定値の算術平均値をもって数密度とした。なお、ろう付前における第2ろう材中のAl-Fe-Si系化合物の数密度も、ろう付後のものと殆ど変わらないことを確認している。結果を、表7~14に示す。
600℃で5分の熱処理(ろう付加熱相当)を施したブレージングシート試料を引張速度10mm/分、ゲージ長50mmの条件で、JIS Z2241に従って引張試験に供した。得られた応力-歪曲線から引張強さを読み取った。その結果、引張強さが100MPa以上の場合を合格とし、それ未満を不合格とした。結果を、表7~14に示す。
電位の測定溶液として、純水にNaClを溶解して5wt%のNaCl水溶液を調製し、これに酢酸を添加してpH3にした水溶液を用いた。
合わせ材試料を用い、ブレージングシートの第2ろう材表面を絶縁樹脂でマスキングして第1ろう材面を試験面とした。表15に示す成分と量で調製した溶液を純水に添加して全体を1Lとした88℃の水溶液に上記合わせ材試料を浸漬し、8時間保持した後に16時間放冷するサイクルを1サイクルとして28日間繰り返す腐食試験に供した。ブレージングシートに腐食貫通の生じなかったものを第1ろう材表面の耐食性が合格(○)とし、腐食貫通が生じたものを第1ろう材表面の耐食性が不合格(×)とした。また、第1ろう材同士の接合部に関して、腐食貫通の生じなかったものを第1ろう材同士の接合部における耐食性が合格(○)とし、腐食貫通が生じたものを第1ろう材同士の接合部における耐食性が不合格(×)とした。結果を、表7~14に示す。
合わせ試料を用い、ブレージングシートの第1ろう材表面及び第1ろう材同士の接合部を絶縁樹脂でマスキングして、第2ろう材面を試験面とした。表16に示す成分と量で調製した溶液を純水に添加して全体を1Lとした88℃の水溶液を用いて、サイクル腐食試験に供した。具体的には、温度50℃で相対湿度100%の雰囲気中において、上記水溶液を1.5時間噴霧(1~2ml/h<80cm2/h>)した後、温度50℃で相対湿度10~30%の雰囲気中において1時間乾燥させ、更に、温度50℃で相対湿度95%の湿潤雰囲気中において30分間保持するサイクルを1サイクルとして760時間繰り返す試験を実施した。ブレージングシートに腐食貫通の生じなかったものを第2ろう材表面の耐食性が合格(○)とし、腐食貫通の生じたものを第2ろう材表面の耐食性が不合格(×)とした。結果を、表7~14に示す。
Claims (9)
- アルミニウム合金の心材と、当該心材の一方の面にクラッドされた第1ろう材と、他方の面にクラッドされた第2ろう材とを備えるアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートにおいて、前記心材が、Fe:0.05~1.50mass%、Mn:0.30~2.00mass%を含有し、残部Al及び不可避不純物からなるアルミニウム合金からなり、前記第1ろう材が、Si:1.50~4.00mass%、Fe:0.05~1.50mass%、Zn:1.00~6.00mass%を含有し、残部Al及び不可避不純物からなる犠牲陽極作用とろう付機能を有するアルミニウム合金からなり、前記第2ろう材が、Si:4.00~13.00mass%、Fe:0.05~1.00mass%を含有し、残部Al及び不可避不純物からなる犠牲陽極作用とろう付機能を有するアルミニウム合金からなり、前記第2ろう材中において、0.5~80.0μmの円相当径を有するAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物が2000個/mm2以下存在することを特徴とするアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- 前記心材のアルミニウム合金が、Si:0.01~1.50mass%、Cu:0.03~2.00mass%、Mg:0.01~0.50mass%、Ti:0.05~0.30mass%、Zr:0.05~0.30mass%、Cr:0.05~0.30mass%及びV:0.05~0.30mass%から選択される1種又は2種類以上を更に含有する、請求項1に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- 前記第1ろう材のアルミニウム合金が、Cu:0.05~0.50mass%、Mn:0.05~1.50mass%、Mg:0.01~0.50mass%、Ti:0.05~0.30mass%、Zr:0.05~0.30mass%、Cr:0.05~0.30mass%及びV:0.05~0.30mass%から選択される1種又は2種以上を更に含有する、請求項1又は2に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- 前記第1ろう材のアルミニウム合金が、Na:0.001~0.050mass%及びSr:0.001~0.050mass%から選択される1種又は2種を更に含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- 前記第2ろう材のアルミニウム合金が、Zn:0.50~5.00mass%、かつ、前記第1ろう材のZn含有量よりも0.20mass%以上低く、Cu:0.05~0.50mass%、Mn:0.05~1.50mass%、Mg:0.01~0.50mass%、Ti:0.05~0.30mass%、Zr:0.05~0.30mass%、Cr:0.05~0.30mass%及びV:0.05~0.30mass%から選択される1種又は2種以上を更に含有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- 前記第2ろう材のアルミニウム合金が、Na:0.001~0.050mass%及びSr:0.001~0.050mass%から選択される1種又は2種を更に含有する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- ろう付後の前記第2ろう材中において、0.5~80.0μmの円相当径を有するAl-Si-Fe系金属間化合物が1000個/mm2以下存在する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシート。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートの製造方法であって、前記心材用、第1ろう材用及び第2ろう材用のアルミニウム合金をそれぞれ鋳造する工程と、鋳造した第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の鋳塊をそれぞれ所定の厚さまで熱間圧延する熱間圧延工程と、心材鋳塊の一方の面に熱間圧延により所定厚さとした第1ろう材をクラッドし、他方の面に熱間圧延により所定厚さとした第2ろう材をクラッドするクラッド工程と、クラッド材を熱間圧延する熱間クラッド圧延工程と、熱間クラッド圧延したクラッド材を冷間圧延する冷間圧延工程と、冷間圧延工程の途中及び冷間圧延工程の後の一方又は両方においてクラッド材を焼鈍する1回以上の焼鈍工程とを含み、前記第2ろう材の熱間圧延工程において、当該熱間圧延工程前における第2ろう材の鋳塊の質量を1.5t以上、板厚を250mm以上とし、この熱間圧延工程前における第2ろう材の鋳塊の加熱温度を400~550℃、加熱時間を1~30時間とし、この熱間圧延工程の開始後30分以内における第2ろう材の板厚が150mm以下までに達するように、クーラントの最大流量を10m3/分以下とし合計使用量を30m3以下とすることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートの製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム合金ブレージングシートの前記第1ろう材の表面同士を合わせてろう付し、このろう付時において前記第2ろう材の溶融ろうが第1ろう材同士の接合部に流入することで、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の両方がろう付性を有し、かつ、第1ろう材及び第2ろう材の一方又は両方が犠牲陽極作用を有し、これによって、第1ろう材同士のろう付時に不足するろうを第2ろう材によって補充すると同時に、第1ろう材同士の前記接合部におけるZn濃度を希釈することを特徴とする自動車用熱交換器の製造方法。
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BR112018015619A BR112018015619A2 (pt) | 2016-02-17 | 2017-02-14 | chapa de soldadura forte de liga de alumínio, método de manufatura da mesma, e método de manufatura do permutador de calor automotivo usando a referida chapa de soldadura forte |
EP17753178.7A EP3418408A4 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2017-02-14 | ALUMINUM ALLOYING SOLDERING PLATE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR A VEHICLE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH THIS SOLDERING PLATE |
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EP (1) | EP3418408A4 (ja) |
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JP6803827B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-12-23 | 三菱アルミニウム株式会社 | 熱交換器用アルミニウム合金材及び熱交換器 |
JP7102647B2 (ja) | 2018-09-11 | 2022-07-20 | Maアルミニウム株式会社 | アルミニウム合金ブレージングシート |
WO2020213673A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | 株式会社ヴァレオジャパン | 車両用バッテリを冷却するための熱交換器 |
CN110628394B (zh) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-20 | 云南驰宏资源综合利用有限公司 | 一种合金铸锭冷却液 |
JP2021063263A (ja) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 熱交換器用ブレージングシートおよび熱交換器用ブレージングシートの接合構造、並びに、熱交換器 |
JP2021063264A (ja) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 熱交換器用ブレージングシートおよび空気調和装置用熱交換器 |
EP3904550A1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-11-03 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany GmbH | Aluminium alloy sheet material and heat exchanger incorporating such an aluminium alloy sheet material |
CN112195375B (zh) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏常铝铝业集团股份有限公司 | 一种自钎焊铝合金箔材及其制造方法 |
CN114060139A (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-02-18 | 艾酷沃(山东)新材料有限公司 | 一种能够调节风量的汽车散热器及其制造方法 |
JP2023057325A (ja) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-04-21 | 株式会社Uacj | 熱交換器用アルミニウム合金クラッド材 |
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EP3418408A4 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
JP2017145463A (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
CN108699637A (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
BR112018015619A2 (pt) | 2018-12-26 |
EP3418408A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
US20210187673A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
CN108699637B (zh) | 2021-07-27 |
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