WO2017141423A1 - 励起光源装置及び光伝送システム - Google Patents
励起光源装置及び光伝送システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017141423A1 WO2017141423A1 PCT/JP2016/054846 JP2016054846W WO2017141423A1 WO 2017141423 A1 WO2017141423 A1 WO 2017141423A1 JP 2016054846 W JP2016054846 W JP 2016054846W WO 2017141423 A1 WO2017141423 A1 WO 2017141423A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/2912—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing
- H04B10/2916—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing using Raman or Brillouin amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/293—Signal power control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
- H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an excitation light source device that outputs Raman excitation light for amplifying signal light, and an optical transmission system including the excitation light source device.
- Raman amplification is used to extend the optical signal in order to extend the relay distance.
- An amplifying device optical amplifier
- This amplifying device amplifies signal light by outputting Raman pumping light to the transmission line, and compensates for a level drop accompanying transmission, thereby enabling extension of the relay distance.
- the level reduction means that the optical level of signal light (signal light level) decreases according to the transmission distance.
- the optical amplifier in the optical transmission system not only amplifies the signal light but also monitors the signal light level and controls the gain to be constant, or the light level constant control method to control the light level constant, etc. It is possible to perform control according to the control method.
- the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system it is necessary to control the optical level per wavelength included in the wavelength division multiplexed light to a constant value, so that a constant gain can be given without depending on the wavelength of the input signal light. Possible gain constant control schemes are widely used.
- the Raman amplifier is characterized by the ability to change the amplification gain by changing the intensity of the Raman pumping light without impairing the flatness of the gain. It is used as a variable gain optical amplifier whose amplification gain can be set to a value of.
- the monitoring of the signal light level is generally performed by monitoring the total light level (the sum of the main signal light level and the noise light level) of the signal light using a branch coupler and a PD (Photo Diode).
- the signal light level may vary by about 1000 times before and after amplification due to transmission path loss or optical amplification gain, and can take a very wide range of signal light level values. Therefore, generally, the signal light level value detected by the PD is converted into a logarithmic value in units of [dBm], for example, using a log amplifier or the like, and gain control is performed.
- optical amplifiers such as EDFA and Raman amplifier
- spontaneous emission light noise is generated with optical amplification.
- optical amplification control is performed, the optical level of the main signal light in the signal light is accurately detected regardless of the amount of such noise light generation, and optical amplification is performed based on the detection result. is required.
- optical amplification control is performed based on the signal light level including the noise light component (the sum of the main signal light level and the noise light level), a transmission error may occur.
- the main signal light level to be transmitted is sufficiently amplified, and this signal light is transmitted to the downstream station.
- An optical level necessary for receiving the main signal cannot be secured, which may cause a transmission error or an increase in the relay distance.
- the optical level of only the main signal component included in the optical signal is calculated by storing the optical level of the noise component included in the optical signal and subtracting it from the total optical level of the optical signal.
- a rare earth-doped optical fiber amplifier is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the noise light level [dBm] (or [mW]) measured in advance is subtracted from the total light level [dBm].
- the logarithmic value in units of [dBm] or the like is subjected to inverse logarithm conversion to calculate a linear value in units of [mW] or the like, thereby subtracting the noise light level, [dBm] or the like. It is necessary to logarithmically convert the value to the unit of. In order to perform such processing, operations such as logarithmic conversion are required, and therefore an expensive control device with high processing capability is required.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an optical amplifier that performs gain control in which the influence of the above-described noise light is corrected.
- this optical amplifier before operation of the optical communication system, Raman pumping light is output to the transmission line in a state where no signal light is transmitted to the transmission line, and the intensity and noise light level of the pumping light output to the transmission line are Measure the correlation.
- this optical amplifier obtains the noise light level during operation based on the correlation between the excitation light intensity measured in advance and the noise light level, and gain control in which the influence of noise light is corrected. I do.
- the noise light level [dBm] measured in advance is subtracted from the light level [dBm] amplified by the Raman pumping light. Therefore, an expensive control device with high processing capability for performing operations such as logarithmic conversion is required.
- Patent Document 3 the influence of noise light is corrected without requiring complicated processing such as complicated start-up processing in an optical amplifier or measurement processing of a correlation between excitation light intensity and generation amount of noise light.
- An optical amplifier that performs gain control is disclosed.
- the optical amplifier includes a wavelength filter for separating a part of the noise light and a measurement unit for measuring the separated light. From the measured light level of the part of the noise light, the entire noise light is provided. Is calculated, and gain control is performed in consideration of the influence of noise light.
- the optical amplifier described in Patent Document 3 requires a dedicated wavelength filter and a measurement unit, and there is a problem that the optical amplifier is increased in size and cost. Further, since the noise light detected by the wavelength filter and the measurement unit includes the noise light transmitted from the upstream station, the noise light level is included in the signal light level transmitted from the upstream station. There is a problem that an error may occur in the calculation of the light level. Further, as in Patent Document 2, when the light level is handled with the logarithmic value [dBm], in order to perform the noise light correction, the noise light measured in advance from the light level [dBm] amplified by the Raman excitation light is used. Since it is necessary to subtract the level [dBm], there is a problem that an expensive control device with high processing capability for performing operations such as logarithmic conversion is required.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an excitation light source device and optical transmission that perform gain control with a simple configuration in consideration of the influence of noise light generated in association with Raman amplification.
- the purpose is to provide a system.
- An excitation light source device of the present invention is an excitation light source device that outputs Raman excitation light that amplifies signal light to a transmission path through which the signal light is transmitted, generates the Raman excitation light in a driving state, and stops
- a pumping light source for stopping the generation of the Raman pumping light
- a light source control unit for controlling the intensity of the Raman pumping light in the driving state, and light for measuring the light level of the signal light input to the pumping light source device
- a level measurement unit, a logarithmic conversion unit that converts at least one measurement result measured by the light level measurement unit into a logarithmic value, and a correction value based on the logarithmic value of the at least one measurement result in the stopped state is determined
- a main control unit that controls the light source control unit using the correction value and a preset gain control target value.
- An optical transmission system is an optical transmission system comprising a transmission path through which signal light is transmitted, and a pumping light source device that outputs Raman pumping light for amplifying the signal light to the transmission path.
- the light source device generates the Raman excitation light in the driving state, stops the generation of the Raman excitation light in the stop state, a light source control unit that controls the intensity of the Raman excitation light in the driving state,
- An optical level measurement unit that measures the optical level of the signal light input to the excitation light source device, a logarithmic conversion unit that converts at least one measurement result measured by the optical level measurement unit into a logarithmic value, and the stop state
- a main control unit that determines a correction value based on the logarithmic value of the at least one measurement result in the main control unit, the main control unit including the correction value and a preset gain control And controlling the light source control unit by using the target value.
- gain control can be performed with a simple configuration in consideration of the influence of noise light generated with Raman amplification.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a Raman gain (Gain) shown in FIG. 4 and a correction value shown in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of an optical transmission system including a pumping light source device according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 It is a flowchart which shows an example of the gain control by an excitation light source device. 6 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of an optical transmission system including a pumping light source device according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of an optical transmission system 100 including a pumping light source device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the optical transmission system 100 includes an excitation light source device 1 and a transmission path 20.
- An excitation light source device 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an excitation light source 11, a light source control unit 12, a light level measurement unit 13, a logarithmic conversion unit 14, a main control unit 15, a multiplexer 18, and a branching device 19. And have.
- the excitation light source device 1 is a Raman amplifier.
- the multiplexer 18 and the branching device 19 are connected to each other by a transmission line 20.
- the transmission line 20 is an optical fiber.
- an optical transmission line other than the optical fiber may be used.
- the excitation light source device 1 further has a port 21 and a port 22.
- the signal light flowing on the transmission path 20 is input (received) from the port 21 of the excitation light source device 1 and output from the port 22.
- the excitation light source device 1 outputs Raman excitation light (also referred to as “excitation light”) generated by the excitation light source 11 to a transmission line 20 through which signal light is transmitted.
- the excitation light output from the excitation light source 11 is output from the port 21 to the outside of the excitation light source device 1 (for example, the transmission path 20).
- the excitation light source 11 generates excitation light that amplifies the signal light on the transmission path 20.
- the excitation light source 11 generates excitation light when the excitation light source 11 is driven (excitation state), and stops generating excitation light when the excitation light source 11 is stopped (non-excitation state).
- the signal light amplified by the excitation light includes main signal light and noise light.
- the light source control unit 12 controls the intensity of the excitation light (excitation light intensity) generated by the excitation light source 11 in the drive state based on the control of the main control unit 15 (for example, the gain control unit 17).
- the light source control unit 12 can be realized by using, for example, an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array).
- the light source controller 12 controls the excitation light intensity by controlling the current supplied to the excitation light source 11, and controls the current so that the excitation light intensity is maintained constant while the excitation light is generated.
- the multiplexer 18 multiplexes light (for example, Raman excitation light and signal light) input from two systems.
- the branching device 19 branches a part of the signal light (input signal light) input to the excitation light source device 1 and outputs the signal light to two systems.
- the light level measurement unit 13 measures the light level (also referred to as “input light level”) of the signal light input to the excitation light source device 1.
- the signal light measured by the light level measurement unit 13 in the driving state of the excitation light source 11 includes main signal light and noise light.
- the logarithmic conversion unit 14 converts at least one measurement result such as the light level measured by the light level measurement unit 13 into a logarithmic value.
- the logarithmic value generated by the logarithmic conversion unit 14 is transmitted to the main control unit 15 (for example, the noise correction unit 16).
- the logarithmic conversion unit 14 may convert each of a plurality of measurement results measured by the light level measurement unit 13 into a logarithmic value.
- the main control unit 15 includes a noise correction unit 16 and a gain control unit 17.
- the main control unit 15 determines a correction value (noise correction value) based on the logarithmic value of the measurement result measured by the light level measurement unit 13 when the excitation light source 11 is stopped, and is set in advance with the determined correction value.
- the light source control unit 12 is controlled using the gain control target value G0. It is desirable that the gain control target value G0 does not include an extremely small range and is not extremely wide. Specifically, it is desirable that the range be 4 dB or more and 16 dB or less.
- the measurement result measured by the light level measurement unit 13 in the driving state of the excitation light source 11 is referred to as “measurement result in the driving state”. Further, the measurement result measured by the light level measurement unit 13 in the stop state of the excitation light source 11 is referred to as “measurement result in the stop state”.
- noise light correction for calculating the correction light level value is performed by the noise correction unit 16.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the reference table 161.
- the noise correction unit 16 has a reference table 161.
- the reference table 161 is a table for determining a correction value (noise correction value) for correcting the influence of noise light generated by Raman amplification in gain control. Specifically, the reference table 161 stores correction values corresponding to logarithmic values of measurement results when the excitation light source 11 is stopped.
- the reference table 161 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 2, and may be within a range that does not deviate from the function as the reference table, and various reference tables may be used.
- a column in the second row of the reference table 161 indicates a correction value (correction coefficient) A n (n is an integer of 1 or more) corresponding to Pin (off), and its unit is [dB].
- the correction value stored in the reference table 161 is a predetermined value. As will be described later, the correction value can be calculated using, for example, a measurement value measured with an optical power meter and a measurement value measured with an optical spectrum analyzer.
- the noise correction unit 16 corrects the influence of noise light generated by Raman amplification in gain control. Specifically, the noise correction unit 16 calculates the corrected light level value by subtracting the correction value from the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state of the excitation light source 11 in the gain control.
- the gain controller 17 controls the light source controller 12.
- the gain control unit 17 controls the light source control unit 12 using the correction value based on the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the stopped state and the gain control target value G0. Specifically, the gain control unit 17 calculates the corrected light level value by subtracting the correction value from the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state. Furthermore, the gain control unit 17 controls the light source control unit 12 so that the difference between the corrected light level value and the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state approaches the gain control target value G0.
- the difference between the corrected light level value and the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the stopped state indicates the current Raman gain G1 in the excitation light source device 1.
- the gain control target value G0 is the light level of the main signal light input to the excitation light source device 1 when the excitation light source 11 is stopped and the light of the main signal light input to the excitation light source device 1 when the excitation light source 11 is driven. This is the control target value of the Raman gain indicated by the ratio to the level.
- an arbitrary gain control target value G0 is preset in the excitation light source device 1. Therefore, the light source control unit 12 generates the excitation light so that the Raman gain G1 approaches the gain control target value G0. However, the gain control target value G0 may be changed during the operation of the excitation light source device 1.
- the Raman gain G1 is calculated by the gain control unit 17 in the main control unit 15.
- the Raman gain G1 is not a general gain represented by the ratio between the input light level and the output light level, but is the ratio between the input light level in the non-pumped state and the input light level in the pumped state. expressed. That is, in the present embodiment, the Raman gain G1 represents the gain received by the main signal light due to the Raman amplification effect generated in the transmission line 20.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of gain control by the excitation light source device 1.
- the processing shown in FIG. 3 is always executed. However, the processing shown in FIG. 3 may be stopped at an arbitrary timing.
- step ST1 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the light level of the input signal light while the excitation light source 11 is stopped (non-excitation state).
- step ST1 information on the measured light level (first measurement result) is converted into a logarithmic value Pin (off) (logarithm value of the first measurement result) by the logarithmic conversion unit 14, and the converted value Pin. (Off) is transmitted to the noise correction unit 16 and the gain control unit 17 of the main control unit 15.
- the main control unit 15 obtains Pin (off) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- the logarithmic value of the measurement result the optical level of the input signal light measured by the light level measurement unit 13 in the non-excited state is referred to as “Pin (off)”. It is desirable that Pin (off) does not include an extremely small range. Specifically, Pin (off) is desirably in the range of ⁇ 35.00 dBm or more. Further, Pin (off) is more preferably in the range of ⁇ 31.00 dBm or more.
- the noise correction unit 16 of the main control unit 15 refers to the reference table 161 and determines a correction value based on the transmitted Pin (off). Specifically, the noise correction unit 16 determines a correction value corresponding to the transmitted Pin (off) from among a plurality of Pin (off) stored in the reference table 161. When the transmitted Pin (off) is not stored in the reference table 161, the correction value corresponding to the closest value among the plurality of Pin (off) stored in the reference table 161 may be determined.
- step ST3 the gain control unit 17 controls the light source control unit 12 so that excitation light is generated, and the light source control unit 12 increases the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11 to a specified value.
- the driving start of the excitation light source 11 may be controlled by another element (for example, the main control unit 15).
- step ST4 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the light level of the input signal light in the drive state (excitation state) of the excitation light source 11.
- the information on the light level in the excited state (second measurement result) is converted into a logarithmic value Pin (on) (logarithmic value of the second measurement result) by the logarithmic conversion unit 14, and the converted value Pin ( on) is transmitted to the noise correction unit 16.
- the main control unit 15 acquires Pin (on) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- a logarithmic value of a measurement result (light level of input signal light) measured by the light level measurement unit 13 in the excited state is referred to as “Pin (on)”.
- step ST5 the noise correction unit 16 subtracts the correction value determined in step ST2 from the Pin (on) transmitted in step ST4, thereby correcting the correction light level value Pin (on) ′ (first correction light). Level value).
- the calculated Pin (on) ′ is transmitted to the gain control unit 17.
- step ST6 the gain control unit 17 of the main control unit 15 determines the difference (Pin (on) ′ ⁇ Pin () between Pin (on) ′ transmitted in step ST5 and Pin (off) transmitted in step ST1. off)), the present Raman gain G1 in the excitation light source device 1 is calculated, and the calculated Raman gain G1 is compared with the gain control target value G0.
- step ST6 when the gain control unit 17 determines that the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 do not match (NO in step ST6), the process proceeds to step ST7.
- the gain control unit 17 controls the light source control unit 12 according to the difference between the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1, and changes the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11.
- the change amount of the excitation light intensity can be set to an arbitrary value, but the gain control unit 17 determines that the difference between Pin (on) ′ and Pin (off) (that is, the Raman gain G1) is the gain control target value G0. It is desirable to control the light source control unit 12 so as to approach. Thereby, gain control can be completed early.
- step ST7 the process proceeds to step ST4, and the above-described process is performed.
- step ST6 when it is determined in step ST6 that the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 match (“YES” in step ST6), the flow of gain control shown in FIG.
- step ST6 it is determined whether or not the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 match.
- the present invention is not limited to this determination method, and a range of differences regarded as coincidence is set as a determination condition, and gain control is performed when the difference between the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 is within the determination condition. It may be determined that the target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 match.
- step ST6 when it is determined that the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 match, the gain control ends.
- the method is not limited to this method, and the difference between the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 may be periodically monitored, and the light source control unit 12 may continue to control the excitation light intensity.
- the input light level Pin (off) in the non-excited state does not change due to increase / decrease of the wavelength, fluctuation of the state of the transmission path 20, or the like.
- step ST6 when it is determined that the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1 match, the gain control ends.
- the present invention is not limited to this method, and a limit value for the number of trials or trial time of gain control may be set, and the gain control may be terminated when the limit value is exceeded.
- the gain control unit 17 stores the control information of the light source control unit 12, and the light source control unit 12 of the light source control unit 12 according to the stored control information. Control may continue.
- the control information stored in the gain control unit 17 and the control target by the gain control unit 17 may be either the excitation light intensity or the current value of the excitation light source 11, but the excitation light intensity is preferably controlled.
- the Raman gain becomes a constant value regardless of the wavelength of the input signal (however, Except when the input light level in the excited state is comparable to the excitation light intensity).
- the excitation light source device 1 uses a correction value (a correction value represented by a logarithmic value) that does not depend on the Raman gain and depends only on the input light level in the non-excitation state, thereby enabling noise with a simple configuration.
- a correction value (a correction value represented by a logarithmic value) that does not depend on the Raman gain and depends only on the input light level in the non-excitation state, thereby enabling noise with a simple configuration.
- a correction value a correction value represented by a logarithmic value
- the optical level (Psig) of the main signal light amplified by Raman amplification is proportional to the optical level (Pin) of the input signal light in the non-excited state, and is expressed by the following equation (2).
- Psig [W] Gain [W / W] ⁇ Pin [W] (2)
- Psig does not include the light level of the noise light component generated by Raman amplification.
- the correction value A n for performing noise light correction is a total light level (Ptotal_dBm) represented by Ptotal is converted to the logarithm, expressed by Psig is converted to the logarithm It is a ratio (difference) with the light level (Psig_dBm), and is expressed by the following equation (5) from equation (4).
- An [dB] 10 log (1 + K [W] / Pin [W]) (5)
- the correction value A n for performing noise light correction is dependent only on the Pin, the Gain understood to be a value that does not depend. Since the correction value An is a ratio represented by a logarithmic value, when the light level is handled as a logarithmic value in units of [dBm] or the like, the main control unit 15 does not need a process such as logarithmic conversion.
- the main controller 15 can perform noise light correction by a simple calculation such as subtraction.
- noise light correction is performed using a correction value that depends only on the input light level in the non-excited state and does not depend on the Raman gain, so that highly accurate gain control is possible. It is. For example, even when the gain control target value G0 is changed from 6 dB to 15 dB, if the input light level in the non-pumped state is constant, the same correction value is subtracted from the input light level in the pumped state, Gain control can be performed in consideration of the influence of noise light.
- the correction value An is a value indicating the ratio between Ptotal and Psig. Accordingly, the correction value A n, by measuring the Ptotal and Psig, can be obtained.
- an input light source for example, an optical fiber
- an arbitrary transmission line fiber for example, an optical fiber
- an excitation light source device for example, a branching device
- an optical power meter for example, a laser beam
- One end of the transmission line fiber is connected to the input light source.
- the other end of the transmission line fiber is connected to the pumping light source device and the optical power meter via a branching unit.
- the branching ratio of the branching unit it is desirable to increase the branching ratio on the pumping light source device side in order to avoid attenuation of Raman pumping light.
- the input light source inputs signal light having an arbitrary wavelength and optical level to the transmission line fiber.
- the excitation light source device inputs Raman excitation light having an arbitrary intensity to the transmission line fiber and generates Raman amplification.
- Ptotal can be acquired by measuring the light level displayed on the optical power meter.
- Pin can be acquired by measuring the light level displayed on an optical power meter in the state which stopped the Raman excitation light.
- a signal light of an arbitrary wavelength and optical level is input to the transmission line fiber using the input light source, and Raman excitation of an arbitrary intensity is performed using the excitation light source device.
- Raman amplification is generated by inputting light into the transmission line fiber.
- Psig can be acquired by acquiring the peak power of the signal light displayed on the optical spectrum analyzer.
- the length of the transmission line fiber needs to be a sufficient value (more than the effective length of Raman amplification) with respect to the excitation light intensity. is there.
- the intensity of the Raman pumping light input to the transmission line fiber at the time of measurement is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to set the intensity to be the center of the Raman gain range used in the actual operation of the pumping light source device 1. In order to increase the accuracy, it is desirable to measure Ptotal and Psig not only at a certain point of Raman excitation light intensity (Raman gain) but also at a plurality of points and take the average value.
- the measured Pin in one place with on the transmission path fiber by calculating the correction value A n, it is possible to calculate the value of the constant value K from the equation (6). That is, the Pin and the correction value A n obtained by actual measurement by substituting the equation (6), it is possible to calculate the value of the constant value K.
- Correction value A n by actual measurement for example, can be calculated and Ptotal measured using an optical power meter, the difference between Psig measured using an optical spectrum analyzer (Ptotal-Psig).
- the calculated constant value K by substituting the equation (5) can calculate the correction value A n corresponding to an arbitrary Pin.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing various experimental data (data represented by logarithmic values) when the input light level (Pin) in the non-excited state is set to a constant value and the Raman gain (Gain) is changed. is there.
- the input light level (Pin [dBm]) in the non-excited state shown in the first row of the table in FIG. 4 is based on the value measured by the optical power meter. As shown in FIG. 4, this measurement is performed by fixing the input light level in the non-excited state to ⁇ 28.44 dBm.
- the Raman gain (Gain [dB]) shown in the second row of the table in FIG. 4 is set to be in a range between 1.11 dB and 16.69 dB.
- Gain [dB] is the ratio (difference) between Pin and Psig.
- the total light level (Ptotal [dBm]) shown in the third row of the table in FIG. 4 is based on the value measured by the optical power meter. As described above, Ptotal is the sum of Pase and Psig.
- Psig [dBm] shown in the fourth row of the table in FIG. 4 is a value measured by an optical spectrum analyzer, and indicates the optical level of the main signal light amplified by Raman amplification.
- the correction value [dB] shown in the fifth row of the table in FIG. 4 is a value calculated by the difference between the measured value Ptotal [dBm] and the measured value Psig [dBm], and Ptotal [dBm] and Psig [ dBm].
- the error E [dB] shown in the seventh line in FIG. 4 is a value calculated by the difference between Ptotal ′ [dBm] and Psig [dBm].
- Ptotal ′ [dBm]
- Psig Psig
- FIG. 4 when 3.92 dB ⁇ Gain ⁇ 16.69 dB, ⁇ 0.13 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.06 dB. Therefore, in 3.92 dB ⁇ Gain ⁇ 16.69 dB, the error between the approximate value Ptotal ′ and the measured value Psig is small, indicating that the approximate value Ptotal ′ is effective.
- ⁇ 0.10 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.06 dB at 5.09 dB ⁇ Gain ⁇ 16.69 dB.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the Raman gain (Gain [dB]) shown in FIG. 4 and the correction value [dB] shown in FIG.
- the correction value does not depend on the magnitude of the Raman gain except when the Raman gain is small (eg, 1.11 dB ⁇ Gain ⁇ 3.92 dB).
- the correction value depends only on Pin, as will be described later.
- the approximate value Ptotal is within an error range of ⁇ 0.13 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.06 dB except when the Raman gain is small (eg, 1.11 dB ⁇ Gain ⁇ 2.92 dB).
- ′ Can be calculated. That is, the excitation light source device 1 can perform noise light correction (calculation of the approximate value Ptotal ′) with an accuracy of ⁇ 0.13 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.06 dB in the range of 3.92 dB ⁇ Gain. Further, the excitation light source device 1 can calculate the approximate value Ptotal ′ within the error range of ⁇ 0.10 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.06 dB in the range of 5.09 dB ⁇ Gain. That is, the excitation light source device 1 can perform noise light correction (calculation of the approximate value Ptotal ′) with an accuracy of ⁇ 0.10 dB within a range of 5.09 dB ⁇ Gain.
- the reason why the noise light correction can be performed with high accuracy except when the Raman gain is small is that the expression (1) is distributed in the longitudinal direction of the transmission line 20 in a distributed manner. This is because this is an approximate expression for the gain of Raman amplification. Specifically, equation (1) does not hold strictly when the Raman gain is small, but holds when the Raman gain is greater than a certain value.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing various experimental data when the Raman gain (Gain) is set to a constant value (about 10 dB) and the input light level (Pin) in the non-excited state is changed.
- the data shown in FIG. 6 is expressed by logarithmic values except for the constant value K.
- the input light level (Pin [dBm]) in the non-excited state shown in the first row of the table in FIG. 6 is based on a value measured using an optical power meter. As shown in FIG. 6, this measurement is performed by changing Pin in a range between ⁇ 17 dBm and ⁇ 39 dBm.
- the Raman gain (Gain [dB]) shown in the second row of the table in FIG. 6 is set to about 10 dB.
- the Raman gain (Gain [dB]) is a ratio (difference) between Pin and the optical level (Psig) of the main signal light amplified by Raman amplification.
- the total light level (Ptotal [dBm]) shown in the third row of the table in FIG. 6 is based on the value measured by the optical power meter. As described above, Ptotal is the sum of the noise light level (Pase) indicating the light level of noise light generated by Raman amplification and Psig.
- Psig [dBm] shown in the fourth row of the table indicates the optical level of the main signal light measured by the optical spectrum analyzer and amplified by Raman amplification.
- the correction value A1 [dB] shown in the fifth row of the table in FIG. 6 is a value calculated by the difference between the measured value Ptotal [dBm] and the measured value Psig [dBm], and Ptotal [dBm] and Psig The ratio to [dBm] is shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the correction value A1 [dB] increases as Pin [dBm] decreases.
- Equation 6 is a value calculated by substituting Pin [W] and correction value A1 [dB] into Equation (6).
- the constant value K [W] is a substantially constant value except when Pin [dBm] is small (for example, ⁇ 33.00 dBm ⁇ Pin ⁇ ⁇ 39.00 dBm).
- the correction value A2 [dB] shown in the seventh row of the table in FIG. 6 is a value calculated from Equation (5).
- Average value Kave 4.22 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 [W] (excluding the constant value K corresponding to .00).
- the calculated Ptotal ′ [dBm] represents an approximate value of the light level of the amplified main signal light.
- the error E [dB] shown in the ninth row of the table in FIG. 6 is a value calculated by the difference between Ptotal ′ [dBm] and Psig [dBm]. As shown in FIG. 6, ⁇ 0.75 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.01 dB at ⁇ 35.00 dBm ⁇ Pin. Therefore, when ⁇ 35.00 dBm ⁇ Pin, the error between the approximate value Ptotal ′ and the measured value Psig is small, indicating that the approximate value Ptotal ′ is effective. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, ⁇ 0.07 dB ⁇ E ⁇ 0.01 dB at ⁇ 31.00 dBm ⁇ Pin.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input light level (Pin [dBm]) in the non-excited state shown in FIG. 6 and the correction value A1 [dB] in the fifth row of the table in FIG.
- a broken line L2 illustrated in FIG. 7 indicates an approximate curve based on the correction value A2 [dB] illustrated in the seventh row of the table in FIG.
- the broken line L2 (that is, the correction value A2 [dB]) has a small difference from the correction value A1 [dB] in the range of ⁇ 35.00 ⁇ Pin. Therefore, it is shown that the correction value A2 [dB] can be calculated with high accuracy even when the average value Kave of the constant value K is used in the range of ⁇ 35.00 ⁇ Pin. Furthermore, the difference between the correction value A2 [dB] and the correction value A1 [dB] is even smaller in the range of ⁇ 31.00 ⁇ Pin. Therefore, it is shown that the correction value A2 [dB] can be calculated with higher accuracy even when the average value Kave of the constant value K is used in the range of ⁇ 31.00 ⁇ Pin.
- the excitation light source device 1 can perform noise light correction (for example, correction values A2 [dB] and Ptotal ′ [) with high accuracy except when Pin [dBm] is very small (for example, Pin ⁇ ⁇ 37.00). dBm] can be calculated).
- noise light correction for example, correction values A2 [dB] and Ptotal ′ [
- Pin [dBm] is very small (for example, Pin ⁇ ⁇ 37.00).
- dBm] can be calculated).
- the excitation light source device 1 performs noise light correction (for example, correction values A2 [dB] and Ptotal ′ [, for example) with very high accuracy except when Pin [dBm] is small (for example, Pin ⁇ ⁇ 33.00). dBm]) is possible.
- noise light correction for example, correction values A2 [dB] and Ptotal ′ [, for example
- the reason why noise light correction can be performed with high accuracy is that if Pin [dBm] is a certain amount (for example, ⁇ 35.00 ⁇ Pin), the correction value A2 This is because [dB] can be calculated with high accuracy.
- Pin [dBm] is small (for example, Pin ⁇ ⁇ 37.00)
- the value Pin [W] used in Equation (5) is very small, and therefore, due to a slight measurement error by the light level measurement unit 13b.
- the calculation result of the correction value A2 [dB] changes greatly, and the error increases.
- the constant value K can also be calculated from the correlation between Gain and Pase, as shown in Equation (1).
- a correction value corresponding to the input light level in the non-excited state may be acquired using the constant value K calculated using Expression (1) and Expression (5).
- the correction value corresponding to the input light level in the non-excited state is obtained by finely changing the input light level in the non-excited state within a predetermined range without calculating the constant value K. May be.
- the excitation light source device 1 amplifies signal light using stimulated Raman scattering, which is a nonlinear optical effect of an optical fiber. Specifically, when the total power of the signal light passing through the transmission line exceeds a specific threshold, the excitation light source device 1 generates stimulated Raman scattered light (spontaneous emission light noise) on the long wavelength side of about 100 nm from the signal light. The phenomenon to be used is used.
- noise correction correction light level value of the correction light level value
- gain control can be performed with a simple configuration in consideration of the influence of noise light generated with Raman amplification.
- the excitation light source device 1 does not require processing such as logarithmic conversion in the main control unit 15, and the main control unit 15 can perform noise light correction by a simple calculation such as subtraction.
- FIG. The excitation light source device 2 according to the second embodiment is different from the excitation light source device 1 according to the first embodiment in that the main control unit 215 does not have the noise correction unit 16, and the other points are the same.
- the reference table 161 is provided in the gain control unit 217 of the main control unit 215.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the optical transmission system 200 including the excitation light source device 2 according to the second embodiment.
- the optical transmission system 200 includes the excitation light source device 2 and the transmission path 20.
- the excitation light source device 2 includes an excitation light source 11, a light source control unit 12, a light level measurement unit 13, a logarithmic conversion unit 14, a main control unit 215, a multiplexer 18, a branching device 19, and a port 21. And port 22.
- the main control unit 215 has a gain control unit 217.
- the gain control unit 217 has a reference table 161.
- the configuration of the main control unit 215 is not limited to the example shown in FIG.
- the main control unit 215 may include a storage unit that stores the reference table 161 outside the gain control unit 217.
- the main control unit 215 determines a correction value (noise correction value) based on the logarithmic value of the measurement result measured by the light level measurement unit 13 when the excitation light source 11 is stopped, and is set in advance with the determined correction value.
- the light source control unit 12 is controlled using the gain control target value G0. However, in the present embodiment, as will be described later, the gain control target value is changed from the gain control target value G0 to the corrected gain target value G2.
- the gain control unit 217 corrects the influence of noise light generated by Raman amplification in gain control. Specifically, the gain control unit 217 calculates a correction gain target value G2 by adding a correction value to a preset gain control target value G0 in the gain control, and calculates the correction gain target value G2 as follows. Set as a new gain control target value.
- the gain control unit 217 controls the light source control unit 12 so that a Raman gain G3 described later approaches the correction gain target value G2.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of gain control by the excitation light source device 2.
- the processing shown in FIG. 9 is always executed. However, the processing shown in FIG. 9 may be stopped at an arbitrary timing.
- step ST11 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the input light level while the excitation light source 11 is stopped (non-excitation state).
- step ST11 the information on the measured input light level is converted into a logarithmic value (Pin (off)) by the logarithmic converter 14, and the converted value is transmitted to the gain controller 217 of the main controller 215. .
- the gain control unit 217 of the main control unit 215 refers to the reference table 161 and determines a correction value based on the transmitted value. Specifically, the gain control unit 217 selects a correction value corresponding to the input light level that matches the transmitted value from the plurality of input light levels (Pin (off)) stored in the reference table 161. decide. When the transmitted value is not stored in the reference table 161, the correction value corresponding to the closest value among the plurality of input light levels stored in the reference table 161 may be determined.
- step ST13 the gain control unit 217 calculates a correction gain target value G2 by adding the correction value determined in step ST12 to a preset gain control target value G0, and the correction gain target value G2 is calculated. And set as a new gain control target value. That is, the gain control unit 217 changes the control target value for the excitation light intensity from the gain control target value G0 to the corrected gain target value G2.
- step ST14 the gain control unit 217 controls the light source control unit 12 so that excitation light is generated, and the light source control unit 12 increases the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11 to a specified value.
- step ST15 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the light level of the input signal light in the drive state (excitation state) of the excitation light source 11.
- the measured light level information in the excited state is converted into a logarithmic value (Pin (on)) by the logarithmic conversion unit 14, and the converted value is transmitted to the gain control unit 217.
- the main control unit 215 acquires Pin (on) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- step ST16 the gain control unit 217 of the main control unit 215 determines the difference (Pin (on) ⁇ Pin (off)) between Pin (on) transmitted in step ST15 and Pin (off) transmitted in step ST11. )
- the Raman gain G3 is represented by the ratio between the input light level in the non-excited state and the input light level of the signal light including noise light in the excited state. Therefore, the Raman gain G3 is different from the Raman gain G1 calculated by Pin (off) and Pin (on) ′.
- step ST16 when the gain control unit 217 determines that the corrected gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 do not match (“NO” in step ST16), the process proceeds to step ST17.
- step ST17 the gain control unit 217 controls the light source control unit 12 according to the difference between the corrected gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3, and changes the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11.
- the gain control unit 217 determines that the difference between Pin (on) and Pin (off) (that is, Raman gain G3) approaches the correction gain target value G2. It is desirable to control the light source control unit 12 as described above. Thereby, gain control can be completed early.
- step ST17 the process proceeds to step ST15 and the above-described process is performed.
- step ST16 when it is determined in step ST16 that the corrected gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 match (“YES” in step ST16), the flow of gain control shown in FIG. 9 ends.
- step ST16 it is determined whether or not the corrected gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 match.
- the present invention is not limited to this determination method, and a range of difference regarded as coincidence is set as a determination condition, and when the difference between the correction gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 is within the determination condition, the correction gain It may be determined that the target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 match.
- step ST16 when it is determined that the corrected gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 match, the gain control ends.
- the method is not limited to this, and the light level may be periodically measured regardless of the determination result, and the light source control unit 12 may continue to control the excitation light intensity.
- the input light level in the non-excited state does not change due to an increase / decrease in wavelength, a change in the state of the transmission line 20, or the like.
- step ST16 when it is determined that the corrected gain target value G2 and the Raman gain G3 match, the gain control ends.
- the present invention is not limited to this method, and a limit value for the number of trials or trial time of gain control may be set, and the gain control may be terminated when the limit value is exceeded.
- the gain control unit 217 stores the control information of the light source control unit 12, and the light source control unit 12 of the light source control unit 12 according to the stored control information. Control may continue.
- the control information stored in the gain control unit 217 and the control target by the gain control unit 217 may be either the excitation light intensity or the current value of the excitation light source 11, but it is preferable that the excitation light intensity be the control object.
- noise correction (calculation of Raman gain G3) is performed using the correction value represented by the logarithmic value. Therefore, gain control can be performed with a simple configuration in consideration of the influence of noise light generated with Raman amplification.
- the excitation light source device 1 does not require processing such as logarithmic conversion in the main control unit 15, and the main control unit 15 can perform noise light correction by a simple calculation such as addition.
- Embodiment 3 FIG.
- the excitation light source device 3 according to Embodiment 3 has a main control unit 315 instead of the main control unit 15 of the excitation light source device 1 according to Embodiment 1, and instead of the light source control unit 12 of the excitation light source device 1.
- the main control unit 315 includes a gain control unit 317 and a noise correction unit 16.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of an optical transmission system 300 including the excitation light source device 3 according to the third embodiment.
- the optical transmission system 300 includes the excitation light source device 3 and the transmission path 20.
- the excitation light source device 3 includes an excitation light source 11, a light source control unit 312, an optical level measurement unit 13, a logarithmic conversion unit 14, a main control unit 315, a multiplexer 18, a branching device 19, and a port 21. And port 22.
- the light source control unit 312 controls the intensity of excitation light generated by the excitation light source 11 based on the control of the main control unit 315 (for example, the gain control unit 317).
- the light source control unit 312 monitors the excitation light intensity and transmits it to the main control unit 315 (for example, the gain control unit 317).
- the light source control unit 312 can be realized using, for example, an FPGA.
- the main control unit 315 includes a noise correction unit 16 and a gain control unit 317.
- the main control unit 315 determines a correction value (noise correction value) based on the logarithmic value of the measurement result measured by the light level measurement unit 13 when the excitation light source 11 is stopped, and the determined correction value is set in advance.
- the light source control unit 312 is controlled using the gain control target value G0.
- the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 using the correction value based on the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the stopped state and the gain control target value G0. Specifically, the gain control unit 317 calculates the corrected light level value by subtracting the correction value from the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state. Furthermore, the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 so that the difference between the corrected light level value and the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state approaches the gain control target value G0.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of gain control by the excitation light source device 3.
- the processing shown in FIG. 11 is always executed. However, the processing shown in FIG. 11 may be stopped at an arbitrary timing.
- step ST21 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the input light level while the excitation light source 11 is stopped (non-excitation state).
- step ST21 information on the measured input light level (first measurement result) is converted into a logarithmic value (Pin1 (off)) (logarithm value of the first measurement result) by the logarithmic conversion unit 14, and converted.
- the obtained value is transmitted to the noise correction unit 16 of the main control unit 315.
- the main control unit 315 obtains Pin1 (off) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- the logarithmic conversion unit 14 stores the information transmitted to the main control unit 315 (for example, the noise correction unit 16).
- step ST22 the noise correction unit 16 of the main control unit 315 refers to the reference table 161 and determines a correction value based on the transmitted value.
- step ST23 the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 so that excitation light is generated, and the light source control unit 312 increases the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11 to a specified value.
- step ST24 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the light level of the input signal light in the drive state (excitation state) of the excitation light source 11.
- the measured light level information in the excited state is converted into a logarithmic value (Pin1 (on)) by the logarithmic converter 14, and the converted value is transmitted to the noise corrector 16.
- the main control unit 315 acquires Pin1 (on) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- step ST25 the noise correction unit 16 subtracts the correction value determined in step ST22 from the value transmitted in step ST24, thereby obtaining the correction light level value Pin1 (on) ′ (first correction light level value). calculate.
- the calculated Pin1 (on) ′ is transmitted to the gain control unit 317.
- step ST26 the gain control unit 317 of the main control unit 315 determines the difference (Pin1 (on) ′ ⁇ Pin1 (Pin1 (on) ′) transmitted in step ST25 and Pin1 (off) transmitted in step ST21. off)), the current Raman gain G1 in the excitation light source device 3 is calculated, and the calculated Raman gain G1 is compared with a preset gain control target value G0.
- step ST26 when the gain control unit 317 determines that the Raman gain G1 is smaller than the gain control target value G0 (“NO” in step ST26), the process proceeds to step ST28.
- gain control section 317 determines that Raman gain G1 is equal to or greater than gain control target value G0 in step ST26 (“YES” in step ST26)
- the process proceeds to step ST27.
- step ST27 when the gain control unit 317 determines that the Raman gain G1 and the gain control target value G0 are equal (“YES” in step ST27), the flow of gain control shown in FIG. 11 ends. On the other hand, when the gain control unit 317 determines that the Raman gain G1 and the gain control target value G0 are not equal in step ST27 (“NO” in step ST27), the process proceeds to step ST37.
- the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 12 according to the difference between the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1, and changes the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11.
- the change amount of the excitation light intensity can be set to an arbitrary value, but the gain control unit 317 determines that the difference between Pin1 (on) ′ and Pin1 (off) (that is, the Raman gain G1) is the gain control target value G0. It is desirable to control the light source control unit 12 so as to approach. Thereby, gain control can be completed early.
- step ST37 the process proceeds to step ST24, and the above-described process is performed.
- step ST28 the light source control unit 312 compares the excitation light intensity X at the present time with the preset upper limit value Xmax of the excitation light intensity. If the light source control unit 312 determines in step ST28 that the excitation light intensity X is smaller than the upper limit value Xmax of the excitation light intensity ("YES" in step ST28), the process proceeds to step ST29. On the other hand, when the light source control unit 312 determines in step ST28 that the current excitation light intensity X is equal to or higher than the excitation light intensity upper limit value Xmax (“NO” in step ST28), the process proceeds to step ST30.
- the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 according to the difference between the gain control target value G0 and the Raman gain G1, and changes the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11.
- the change amount of the excitation light intensity can be set to an arbitrary value, but the gain control unit 317 determines that the difference between Pin1 (on) ′ and Pin1 (off) (that is, the Raman gain G1) is the gain control target value G0. It is desirable to control the light source control unit 12 so as to approach. Thereby, gain control can be completed early.
- step ST29 the process proceeds to step ST24, and the above-described process is performed.
- step ST30 the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 so as to stop the generation of excitation light, and the light source control unit 312 controls the excitation light source 11 so as to stop the generation of excitation light.
- step ST31 while the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 so that the generation of the excitation light stops, the light level measurement unit 13 measures the input light level when the excitation light source 11 is stopped.
- step ST31 the information on the measured input light level (third measurement result) is converted to a logarithmic value (Pin2 (off)) (logarithm value of the third measurement result) by the logarithmic conversion unit 14, and converted.
- the logarithmic value is transmitted to the noise correction unit 16.
- the main control unit 315 obtains Pin2 (off) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- step ST32 the logarithmic conversion unit 14 compares Pin1 (off) measured in step ST21 with Pin2 (off) measured in step ST31. If the logarithmic conversion unit 14 determines in step ST32 that these values match each other ("YES" in step ST32), the process proceeds to step ST33.
- step ST32 determines in step ST32 that these values do not match each other (“NO” in step ST32)
- the process proceeds to step ST22, and the above-described process is performed.
- the noise correction unit 16 of the main control unit 315 refers to the reference table 161, determines a correction value based on Pin2 (off) measured in step ST31, and performs step ST23. Subsequent processing is performed. For example, a corrected light level value Pin2 (on) ′ (second correction) is obtained by subtracting a correction value based on Pin2 (off) from newly calculated Pin2 (on) (logarithmic value of the fourth measurement result). Light level value). Furthermore, the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 12 according to the difference (Raman gain G4) between Pin2 (on) ′ and Pin2 (off), and changes the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11.
- a corrected light level value Pin2 (on) ′ second correction
- the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 12 according to the difference (Raman gain G4) between Pin2 (on) ′ and Pin2 (off), and changes the excitation light intensity of the excitation light source 11.
- the gain control unit 317 determines that the difference between Pin2 (on) ′ and Pin2 (off) (that is, the Raman gain G4) is the gain control target value G0. It is desirable to control the light source control unit 12 so as to approach. Thereby, gain control can be completed early.
- step ST33 the gain control unit 317 controls the light source control unit 312 so that the excitation light intensity is changed to a predetermined upper limit value (excitation light intensity upper limit value Xmax).
- the excitation light source 11 is controlled so that the excitation light intensity X of 11 becomes the excitation light intensity upper limit value Xmax.
- step ST34 the light level measurement unit 13 measures the input light level in the excitation state in which the excitation light intensity is set to a predetermined upper limit value.
- step ST34 the measured light level information (third measurement result) is converted into a logarithmic value (Pin2 (on)) (logarithm value of the third measurement result) by the logarithmic conversion unit 14 and converted.
- the logarithmic value is transmitted to the noise correction unit 16.
- the main control unit 315 acquires Pin2 (on) from the logarithmic conversion unit 14.
- step ST35 the noise correction unit 16 subtracts the correction value determined in step ST22 from Pin2 (on) transmitted in step ST34, thereby correcting light level value Pin3 (on) ′ (third correction light). Level value).
- the calculated Pin3 (on) ′ is transmitted to the gain control unit 317.
- step ST36 the gain control unit 317 determines the difference between Pin1 (off) measured in step ST21 and Pin3 (on) ′ calculated in step ST35 (Pin3 (on) ′ ⁇ Pin1 (off)).
- the maximum Raman gain value ratio between the logarithmic value of the first measurement result and the third corrected light level value
- the gain control flow shown in FIG. 11 is terminated.
- step ST26 and step ST27 it is determined whether or not the Raman gain G1 and the gain control target value G0 match.
- the present invention is not limited to this determination method, and a range of differences regarded as coincidence is set as a determination condition, and when the difference between the Raman gain G1 and the gain control target value G0 is within the range of the determination condition, the Raman gain It may be determined that G1 and gain control target value G0 match.
- step ST26 and step ST27 when it is determined that the Raman gain G1 and the gain control target value G0 match, the gain control ends.
- the present invention is not limited to this method, and the light level may be periodically measured regardless of the determination result, and the light source control unit 312 may continue to control the excitation light intensity. In this case, it is assumed that the input light level in the non-excited state does not change due to an increase / decrease in wavelength, a change in the state of the transmission line 20, or the like.
- step ST26 and step ST27 when it is determined that the Raman gain G1 and the gain control target value G0 match, the gain control ends.
- the present invention is not limited to this method, and a limit value for the number of trials or trial time of gain control may be set, and the gain control may be terminated when the limit value is exceeded.
- the gain control unit 317 includes the light source control unit.
- the control information of 312 may be stored, and the control of the light source control unit 312 may be continued according to the stored control information.
- the control information stored by the gain control unit 317 and the control target by the gain control unit 317 may be either the excitation light intensity or the current value of the excitation light source 11, but it is preferable to control the excitation light intensity. .
- the pumping light source device 3 transmits an alarm, so that the Raman gain does not reach the gain control target value G0 and the calculated Raman gain.
- the maximum value may be notified to a network device or a network administrator in the optical transmission system 300.
- the excitation light source device 3 according to the third embodiment has the same effect as the excitation light source device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the Raman gain G1 does not reach the gain control target value G0
- the input light level in the non-pumped state is The variation is confirmed (step ST32), and if there is variation, the correction value is reset, so that more accurate gain control can be performed.
- the Raman gain G1 does not reach the gain control target value G0
- the fluctuation of the input light level in the non-excitation state is confirmed (step ST32), and the non-excitation state
- the pumping light intensity can be set to the upper limit value (maximum gain), and the calculated Raman gain maximum value can be notified to the network administrator.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of an optical transmission system 400 including the excitation light source device 4 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- An optical transmission system 400 shown in FIG. 12 transmits a transmission line 20 (transmission line fiber), a pumping light source device 4 as a receiving station, and an OSC light (optical supervisory channel: optical supervision channel). And an optical device 5.
- the optical device 5 and the excitation light source device 4 are connected via a transmission line 20.
- the excitation light source device 4 shown in FIG. 12 further includes a duplexer 41, a branching device 42, an optical level measuring unit 43 (monitoring light level measuring unit), and an OSC light receiving unit 44 (monitoring light receiving unit).
- a duplexer 41 a branching device 42
- an optical level measuring unit 43 monitoring light level measuring unit
- an OSC light receiving unit 44 monitoring light receiving unit
- the excitation light source device 4 includes an excitation light source 11, a light source control unit 12, a light level measurement unit 13 (first light level measurement unit), a logarithmic conversion unit 14, a main control unit 415, and a multiplexer 18 ( A first multiplexer, a branching device 19 (first branching device), a port 21, a port 22, a duplexer 41 (second branching device), and a branching device 42 (second branching device).
- the main control unit 415 includes a gain control unit 417 and a noise correction unit 416.
- the gain control unit 417 of the main control unit 415 controls the light source control unit 12 based on the OSC light transmitted from the optical device 5 and the measurement result of the light level measurement unit 43.
- the noise correction unit 416 has a reference table 161.
- the noise correction unit 416 corrects the influence of noise light generated by Raman amplification in gain control.
- the noise correction unit 416 is generated by Raman amplification based on the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the non-excited state acquired from the logarithmic conversion unit 14, the measurement result by the optical level measurement unit 43, or the information received from the OSC light reception unit 44. It is possible to determine a correction value for correcting the influence of noise light.
- the noise correction unit 416 calculates the corrected light level value by subtracting the correction value from the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state of the excitation light source 11.
- the gain control unit 417 acquires a correction value from the noise correction unit 416.
- the gain control unit 417 controls the light source control unit 12 using the correction value and the gain control target value G0. Specifically, the gain control unit 417 calculates the corrected light level value by subtracting the correction value from the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state. Furthermore, the gain control unit 417 controls the light source control unit 12 so that the difference between the corrected light level value and the logarithmic value of the measurement result in the driving state approaches the gain control target value G0.
- the demultiplexer 41 demultiplexes the light input to the excitation light source device 4 into two systems.
- the OSC light included in the signal light is demultiplexed to the branching device 42 side.
- the branching device 42 branches a part of the OSC light demultiplexed by the branching device 41 and outputs it to two systems.
- the optical level measurement unit 43 measures the OSC optical level (optical level of the optical monitoring signal) demultiplexed by the demultiplexer 41 and notifies the noise correction unit 416 of the measurement result.
- the OSC light reception unit 44 receives the OSC light transmitted from the optical device 5 and notifies the noise correction unit 416 of information included in the OSC light.
- the optical device 5 illustrated in FIG. 12 includes a branching unit 51, an optical level measurement unit 52, a multiplexer 53, and an OSC optical transmission unit 54.
- the optical device 5 is provided on the upstream side of the excitation light source device 4 in the transmission direction of the signal light.
- the branching device 51 branches a part of the light input to the optical device 5 and outputs it to two systems.
- the light level measurement unit 52 measures the output light level of the optical device 5 and notifies the OSC light transmission unit 54 of the measurement result.
- the multiplexer 53 multiplexes the input light from the two systems.
- the OSC light transmission unit 54 transmits OSC light (light monitoring signal) to the excitation light source device 4.
- the OSC light includes information indicating the optical level of the signal light output from the optical device 5.
- the wavelength of the OSC light and the wavelength of the main signal light are different from each other.
- the wavelength (wavelength band) of the OSC light is desirably set to a wavelength (wavelength band) that is not affected by the Raman amplification gain. Therefore, the wavelength band of the OSC light is preferably a wavelength band excluding the wavelength band of the main signal light (Raman gain band) and the Raman pumping light band.
- the OSC light is less susceptible to Raman amplification, the L band near 1600 nm, or L It can be arranged in a longer wave band than the band, or in a short wave of 1400 nm or less than the Raman excitation light.
- the light level measurement unit 52 periodically monitors (measures) the light level and transmits the measurement result to the OSC light transmission unit 54.
- the OSC light transmission unit 54 notifies the OSC light reception unit 44 of the measurement result transmitted from the light level measurement unit 52 by the OSC light.
- the OSC light reception unit 44 transmits the measurement result of the light level transmitted from the OSC light transmission unit 54 to the noise correction unit 416.
- the noise correction unit 416 of the main control unit 415 monitors the measurement result of the light level measured by the light level measurement unit 52 transmitted from the OSC light reception unit 44, and changes are made when the measurement result changes. depending on, for re setting of the correction value a n for noise light correction.
- the logarithmic value Pin (off) of the light level in the non-excited state is Pin1 (off)
- Pout (2) is notified to the noise correction unit 416 by OSC light.
- Pout (1) and Pout (2) are converted into logarithmic values by the OSC optical receiver 44.
- Pout (1) and Pout (2) may be converted into logarithmic values by the logarithmic converter 14.
- the noise correction unit 416 calculates Pin2 (off) as new Pin (off) by adding the calculated change amount ⁇ Pout to Pin1 (off).
- the noise correction unit 416 determines a new correction value A (Pin2 (off)) based on the calculated Pin2 (off).
- the noise correction unit 416 transmits Pin2 (off) to the gain control unit 417.
- the processing after the new correction value A (Pin2 (off)) is determined is the same as the processing after step ST3 shown in FIG.
- the optical level measurement unit 43 periodically monitors the optical level of the OSC light, and transmits the measurement result to the noise correction unit 416 and the gain control unit 417.
- the noise correction unit 416 monitors the measurement result of the light level transmitted from the light level measurement unit 43. If there is a change in the measurement result, the case where the change in the measurement result in the light level measurement unit 52 is met. Similarly, the light level Pin (off) in the non-excited state is newly calculated according to the amount of change, and the correction value is reset.
- the monitoring of the measurement result of the light level measuring unit 52 is intended to monitor the change in the output light level of the optical device 5.
- a change in the output level of the optical device 5 includes a change in the number of wavelengths.
- the output light level of the optical device 5 is monitored by the light level measurement unit 52.
- the wavelength number information is displayed. A change in the output light level of the optical device 5 may be monitored.
- the monitoring of the measurement result of the light level measuring unit 43 is intended to monitor a change in the OSC light level input to the excitation light source device 4.
- the cause of the change in the OSC light level is a change in the loss of the transmission line.
- the pump light source device 1 according to the first embodiment and the light having the pump light source device 1 are used. This has the same effect as the transmission system 100.
- the information on the optical level of the signal light is notified to the pumping light source device 4 by the OSC light transmitted from the optical device 5, so that the gain control with high accuracy can be performed. It can be carried out.
- the wavelength range of the OSC light can be set to a wavelength range that is not affected by the Raman amplification effect, even in the driving state of the pumping light source 11, the change in the light level in the non-pumped state due to the loss change of the transmission path can be achieved. It can be detected, and the noise light can be corrected each time.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the main control unit 515 in the excitation light source device according to the modification.
- the control unit 515 can be applied to the main control units 15, 215, 315, and 415 in each excitation light source device according to Embodiments 1 to 4.
- the main control unit 515 includes a processor 515a such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory) 515b, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 515c.
- the ROM 515b stores a program for controlling components in the excitation light source device.
- the RAM 515c is used as a storage area for loading a program or the like stored in the ROM 515b.
- the processor 515a realizes the function of the main control unit 515 by, for example, loading a program into the RAM 515c and executing the program.
- the functions of the gain control unit 17 and the noise correction unit 16 described in the first embodiment are realized by the processor 515a executing a program stored in the ROM 515b.
- the main control unit 515 may realize the function of the light source control unit 12 described in the first embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の光伝送システムは、信号光が伝送される伝送路と、前記信号光を増幅させるラマン励起光を、前記伝送路に出力する励起光源装置とを備える光伝送システムであって、前記励起光源装置は、駆動状態において前記ラマン励起光を生成し、停止状態において前記ラマン励起光の生成を停止する励起光源と、前記駆動状態における前記ラマン励起光の強度を制御する光源制御部と、前記励起光源装置に入力された前記信号光の光レベルを測定する光レベル測定部と、前記光レベル測定部によって測定された少なくとも1つの測定結果を対数値に変換する対数変換部と、前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の前記対数値に基づく補正値を決定する主制御部とを有し、前記主制御部は、前記補正値と予め設定された利得制御目標値とを用いて前記光源制御部を制御することを特徴とする。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る励起光源装置1を含む光伝送システム100の構成例を概略的に示すブロック図である。光伝送システム100は、励起光源装置1と、伝送路20とを有する。
雑音補正部16は、参照テーブル161を有する。参照テーブル161は、利得制御においてラマン増幅により発生する雑音光の影響を補正するための補正値(雑音補正値)を決定するためのテーブルである。具体的には、参照テーブル161には、励起光源11の停止状態における測定結果の対数値に対応する補正値が格納されている。参照テーブル161は図2に示される例に限られるものではなく、参照テーブルとしての機能を逸脱しない範囲内であればよく、各種の参照テーブルを用い得る。
図3は、励起光源装置1による利得制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。
Pase[W]=Gain[W/W]×K[W] (1)
Psig[W]=Gain[W/W]×Pin[W] (2)
ここで、Psigは、ラマン増幅により発生する雑音光成分の光レベルを含まないものとする。
Ptotal[W]=Psig[W]+Pase[W]
=Gain[W/W](Pin[W]+K[W]) (3)
Ptotal_dBm[dBm]
=10log{Gain[W/W](Pin[W]+K[W])}
=10log(Gain[W/W])+10log(Pin[W]+K[W])
=Gain_dB[dB]+Pin_dBm[dBm]+10log(1+K[W]/Pin[W])
=Psig_dBm[dBm]+10log(1+K[W]/Pin[W]) (4)
An[dB]=10log(1+K[W]/Pin[W]) (5)
上述のように、補正値Anは、Ptotalと、Psigとの比率を示す値である。したがって、補正値Anは、PtotalとPsigとを測定することで、取得することができる。
入力光源は、任意の波長及び光レベルの信号光を、伝送路ファイバに入力する。励起光源装置は、任意の強度のラマン励起光を、伝送路ファイバに入力し、ラマン増幅を発生させる。その状態で、光パワーメータに表示される光レベルを測定することで、Ptotalを取得することができる。なお、ラマン励起光を停止させた状態で、光パワーメータに表示される光レベルを測定することで、Pinを取得することができる。
Psigの測定方法と、Ptotalの測定方法との差分は、光レベルの測定に、光パワーメータの代わりに光スペクトラムアナライザを用いる点のみである。
上記式(5)より、定数値Kを算出することで、Pinに対応する補正値Anを取得することができる。
式(5)を書き換えると、下記の式(6)となる。
K[W]=Pin[W](10An[dB]/10-1) (6)
図4は、非励起状態における入力光レベル(Pin)を一定の値に設定し、ラマン利得(Gain)を変化させた場合の種々の実験データ(対数値で表されたデータ)を示す図である。
図6は、ラマン利得(Gain)を一定の値(約10dB)に設定し、非励起状態における入力光レベル(Pin)を変化させた場合の種々の実験データを示す図である。図6に示されるデータは、定数値Kを除き、対数値で表される。
実施の形態2に係る励起光源装置2は、主制御部215が、雑音補正部16を有していない点で実施の形態1に係る励起光源装置1と異なり、その他の点は互いに同じである。ただし、参照テーブル161は、主制御部215の利得制御部217に備えられている。
図9は、励起光源装置2による利得制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。
実施の形態3に係る励起光源装置3は、実施の形態1に係る励起光源装置1の主制御部15の代わりに主制御部315を有し、励起光源装置1の光源制御部12の代わりに光源制御部312を有する点で実施の形態1に係る励起光源装置1と異なり、その他の点は互いに同じである。具体的には、主制御部315は、利得制御部317と、雑音補正部16とを有する。
図11は、励起光源装置3による利得制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。
図12は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る励起光源装置4を含む光伝送システム400の構成例を概略的に示すブロック図である。
図12に示される光伝送システム400は、伝送路20(伝送路ファイバ)と、受信局としての励起光源装置4と、OSC光(光監視信号:Optical Supervisory Channel)を送信する、送信局としての光装置5とを有する。光装置5と励起光源装置4とは伝送路20を介して接続されている。
図12に示される励起光源装置4は、分波器41と、分岐器42と、光レベル測定部43(監視光レベル測定部)と、OSC光受信部44(監視光受信部)とをさらに有する点で実施の形態1に係る励起光源装置1と異なり、その他の点は互いに同じである。
図12に示される光装置5は、分岐器51と、光レベル測定部52と、合波器53と、OSC光送信部54とを有する。光装置5は、信号光の伝送方向における励起光源装置4の上流側に備えられる。
図13は、変形例に係る励起光源装置における主制御部515の構成を示すブロック図である。制御部515は、実施の形態1から4に係る各励起光源装置における主制御部15,215,315,及び415に適用可能である。
Claims (16)
- 信号光を増幅させるラマン励起光を、前記信号光が伝送される伝送路に出力する励起光源装置であって、
駆動状態において前記ラマン励起光を生成し、停止状態において前記ラマン励起光の生成を停止する励起光源と、
前記駆動状態における前記ラマン励起光の強度を制御する光源制御部と、
前記励起光源装置に入力された前記信号光の光レベルを測定する光レベル測定部と、
前記光レベル測定部によって測定された少なくとも1つの測定結果を対数値に変換する対数変換部と、
前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の前記対数値に基づく補正値を決定する主制御部と
を備え、
前記主制御部は、前記補正値と予め設定された利得制御目標値とを用いて前記光源制御部を制御する
ことを特徴とする励起光源装置。 - 前記主制御部は、
前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の内の第1の測定結果の前記対数値と、前記駆動状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の内の第2の測定結果の前記対数値とを前記対数変換部から取得し、
前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値に基づく前記補正値を決定し、
前記第2の測定結果の前記対数値から前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値に基づく前記補正値を減算することにより、第1の補正光レベル値を算出し、
前記第1の補正光レベル値と前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値との差分が、前記予め設定された利得制御目標値に近づくように前記光源制御部を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の励起光源装置。 - 前記主制御部は、
前記第1の補正光レベル値と前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値との差分が、前記予め設定された利得制御目標値よりも小さい場合、前記ラマン励起光の生成が停止するように前記光源制御部を制御することにより、前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の内の第3の測定結果の前記対数値を前記対数変換部から取得し、
前記第3の測定結果の前記対数値に基づく前記補正値を決定し、
前記駆動状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の内の第4の測定結果の前記対数値から前記第3の測定結果の前記対数値に基づく前記補正値を減算することにより、第2の補正光レベル値を算出し、
前記第2の補正光レベル値と前記第3の測定結果の前記対数値との差分が、前記予め設定された利得制御目標値に近づくように前記光源制御部を制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の励起光源装置。 - 前記主制御部は、前記第1の補正光レベル値と前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値との差分が、前記予め設定された利得制御目標値よりも小さい場合、前記ラマン励起光の強度が、予め定められた上限値に変更されるように前記光源制御部を制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の励起光源装置。
- 前記主制御部は、
前記ラマン励起光の強度が前記予め定められた上限値に設定された前記駆動状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の内の第3の測定結果の前記対数値を前記対数変換部から取得し、
前記第3の測定結果の前記対数値から前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値に基づく前記補正値を減算することにより、第3の補正光レベル値を算出し、
前記第1の測定結果の前記対数値と前記第3の補正光レベル値との比によって示される利得を算出する
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の励起光源装置。 - 前記主制御部は、前記予め設定された利得制御目標値に前記補正値を加算することにより補正利得目標値を算出し、前記駆動状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の前記対数値と前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の前記対数値との差分が、前記補正利得目標値に近づくように前記光源制御部を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の励起光源装置。
- 前記光源制御部は、
前記励起光源に供給する電流を制御することにより前記ラマン励起光の強度を制御し、
前記ラマン励起光が生成される間、前記ラマン励起光の強度が一定に維持されるように前記電流を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の励起光源装置。 - 前記駆動状態において前記光レベル測定部によって測定される前記信号光は、主信号光と雑音光とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の励起光源装置。
- 前記予め設定された利得制御目標値は、前記停止状態において前記励起光源装置に入力された前記主信号光の光レベルと、前記駆動状態において前記励起光源装置に入力された前記主信号光の光レベルとの比であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の励起光源装置。
- 前記予め設定された利得制御目標値は、4dB以上16dB以下の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の励起光源装置。
- 前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の前記対数値は、-35.00dBm以上の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の励起光源装置。
- 信号光が伝送される伝送路と、前記信号光を増幅させるラマン励起光を、前記伝送路に出力する励起光源装置とを備える光伝送システムであって、
前記励起光源装置は、
駆動状態において前記ラマン励起光を生成し、停止状態において前記ラマン励起光の生成を停止する励起光源と、
前記駆動状態における前記ラマン励起光の強度を制御する光源制御部と、
前記励起光源装置に入力された前記信号光の光レベルを測定する光レベル測定部と、
前記光レベル測定部によって測定された少なくとも1つの測定結果を対数値に変換する対数変換部と、
前記停止状態における前記少なくとも1つの測定結果の前記対数値に基づく補正値を決定する主制御部と
を有し、
前記主制御部は、前記補正値と予め設定された利得制御目標値とを用いて前記光源制御部を制御する
ことを特徴とする光伝送システム。 - 前記信号光の伝送方向における前記励起光源装置の上流側に備えられ、光監視信号を送信する光装置をさらに備え、
前記励起光源装置は、
前記励起光源装置に入力された前記光監視信号の情報を受信する監視光受信部と、
前記励起光源装置に入力された前記光監視信号の光レベルを測定する監視光レベル測定部と
を有することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の光伝送システム。 - 前記光監視信号は、前記光装置から出力される前記信号光の光レベルを示す情報を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の光伝送システム。
- 前記主制御部は、前記光装置から送信された前記光監視信号と前記監視光レベル測定部の測定結果とに基づいて前記光源制御部を制御することを特徴とする請求項13又は14に記載の光伝送システム。
- 前記駆動状態において前記光レベル測定部によって測定される前記信号光は、主信号光と雑音光とを含み、
前記光監視信号の波長は、ラマン増幅利得を受けない波長に設定されている
ことを特徴とする請求項13から15のいずれか1項に記載の光伝送システム。
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US20200044741A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 |
EP3419196A4 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
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JP6602404B2 (ja) | 2019-11-06 |
EP3419196B1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
US11165501B2 (en) | 2021-11-02 |
CN108604930A (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
EP3419196A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
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